Volcanoes?!

http://www.history.com/shows/how-the-earth-was-made/videos/the-krakatoa-volcano#the-krakatoa-volcano

What did you notice??

Regrowth!

Krakatoa & PlantsWhat happened over time

with the ecology of Krakatoa?

Succession• Succession is the changes that take place in a

community as it gets older• Primary and Secondary

• Climax community is the last or final stage of succession– Little change in species

Ecological Succession

Primary…

No top soil…yet

Bare rock

Very slow progression

Primary…

Soil begins to form from decaying material

As more “soil” is formed, more plants are able to grow

Primary Succession• Establishment of a community on exposed rock w/o

topsoil– Pioneer species (lichens/mosses) create soil by breaking

down rocks

• Rock, bare soil, weeds and annual plants, grasses, small plants, Forest

Secondary

http://www.playingwithtime.org/cgi-bin/browser/gallerydisplay.pl?clipID=0120&page=3&sort=clipName&searchCriteria=

Soil is still present though!

What type of plants grow first?

Is this a quick or slow thing?

Secondary Succession• Disturbance disrupts a community

– Fire, flood, windstorm, etc– Soil and some species remain

• New plants/animals may take over at first– Natural tendency for species of mature community to

return– weeds and annual plants, grasses, small plants, Forest

Check Your Knowledge

Which type of succession is faster?

A: Secondary! There is already soil present and areas nearby will help

populate it

Pond Succession

• Lake, pond, marsh, dry land, weeds and annual plants, grasses, small plants, Forest

Biomes

• Climates– Average weather conditions, temp., precipitation

• 3 main climate zones:Polar = cold areas Temperate = hot to cold seasonsTropical = direct sunlight, always warm

Community• Def. – interacting populations in an area at the

same time

• Different organisms occupy different biomes– Different adaptations– Different communities around the world

Limiting Factors…• Anything that prevents the number,

reproduction, distribution, growth of an organism– Abiotic– Biotic– Sunlight, food, temperature, acidity of soil

• Tolerance – ability of an organism to survive when subjected to limiting factors– Upper and lower limit = range

Review!Ecological Succession –

http://www.mrphome.net/mrp/succession.swf