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VoIP -Voice over Internet Protocol
COE 341 Self-Learning Assignment
By: Ayman Al-Bassam 232101 Amar Farouk Merah 237925
Agenda for today:
Introduction Historical Background How Does VoIP work? Advantages of VoIP Implementation Challenges:
– Security and Privacy– Reliability of Service– Delays and Jitters– Emergency Calls Routing– Integrations with Current Circuit Switched Networks– Legal Issues
Conclusion
Introduction
VoIP – revolutionary technology
Its purpose: analog audio to digital signals conversion
Main Benefits: cost-effective and portability
Historical Background
Dates back as far as 1973 Available for end-users in the 1990’s Examples of the first VoIP services include:
– Vocaltec Internet Phone Release 4 (1996)– Level 3 (1997)
Problems in Vocaltec resolved in Level 3
How Does VoIP Work?
Different than standard telephony systems Use of packet-switching instead of circuit switching Data split into packets and sent through many
connections Packets contain destination address and a sequence
number Packets are compressed and de-compressed
through CODECs which have sampling algorithms.
Solar Concentrators and Solar Concentrators and Stirling EnginesStirling Engines
Overview of how a VoIP system works
How Does VoIP Work? (Cont’d)
VoIP makes use of Media Gateways and Media Gateway Controllers
Three different types of VoIP services:– Analog Telephone Adaptors– IP Phones– Computer-to-Computer
Requirements:– Broadband Internet Connection (Cable, DSL, T1, T3, etc)– VoIP box– VoIP subscriber’s account– Wi-fi enabled phone (if you want to make use of mobility)
Advantages of VoIP
Cost-effective and no geographical limits Mobility Use of existing networks Efficient utilization of bandwidth
Implementation Challenges
Like any emerging technology many challenges are faced.
Some of which have been overcome and some are not.
Security and Privacy
Eavesdropping and packet interception. Continents could be altered. Compression makes it harder but not
completely safe. SRTP & ZRTP standards in PSTN and lack
of standards in VoIP. Some implementations, Skype. Easy to implement because of IP networks.
Reliability of service
Depends on internet connection quality.
Power outage.
Delays and Jitters
Packets and different routes !! Resulting jitter and delays in voice. Use of play-out buffers. Assigning priorities to packets.
Emergency Calls Routing
The difficulty of assigning IP’s to geographical location.
Dynamic IP’s !! Registration process for some VoIP
providers.
Integration with current PSTN
Numbers assigning system (E.164) Again hard to tie an IP to a specific locations. Some providers use the same E.164
standard (Skype).
Legal issues
PSTN companies operated by governments. Different laws in different places i.e. India,
UAE and Europe.
Conclusion
Summing up VoIP is the future Has many advantages, but is not 100%
reliable yet
Thank you for your time
Q&A
Session
References
1. “How Does VoIP work?”.< http://www.voip-sol.com/how-does-voip-work/>
2. “How Does VoIP Work?” 1-3 http://www.packetizer.com/voip/papers/understanding_voip/how_voip_works.html
3. Valdes, Robert. “How VoIP works?”< http://communication.howstuffworks.com/ip-telephony.htm/printable >
4. “Voice over Internet Protocol”. Wikepedia.< http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP >
5. Schueneman, Thomas. “The Advantages and Disadvantages of using VoIP”< http://ezinearticles.com/?The-Advantages-and-Disadvantages-of-Using-VoIP&id=147921>