Vodafone Tax evasion

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    Group-8

    Ashish Majumdar (PGP04057)

    Prithiviraj M Das (PGP04079)

    Shagun Chaudhry (PGP04090)

    Tripti Sharma (PGP04097)

    E-Waste: The LatestContributor to EnvironmentalDegradation

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    Electronic components that are disposed off in an inappropriate manner

    comprises of wastes generated from used electronic devices and house

    hold appliances which are not fit for their original intended use

    Contains over 1000 different substances many of which are toxic and

    potentially hazardous to environment and human health

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    Electronic

    tools

    Medicaldevices

    Monitoring and

    control instruments

    Entertainment electronics

    IT and telecommunicationequipment

    Household appliances

    42%

    34%

    14%

    10%

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    Brigade Road, Bangalore. The city produces around 20,000tons of e-waste per year and the figure's rising at 20% rate

    each year.

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    E-Waste Component Process Used Potential Environmental Hazard

    Cathode ray tubes (used in TVs,

    computer monitors, ATM, video

    cameras, and more)

    Breaking and removal of yoke,

    then dumping

    Lead, barium and other heavy metals

    leaching into the ground water and

    release of toxic phosphor

    Printed circuit board (image

    behind table - a thin plate on

    which chips and other electronic

    components are placed)

    De-soldering and removal of

    computer chips; open burning

    and acid baths to remove final

    metals after chips are removed.

    Air emissions as well as discharge into

    rivers of glass dust, tin, lead,

    brominated dioxin, beryllium

    cadmium, and mercury

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    E-Waste Component Process Used Potential Environmental Hazard

    Chips and other gold plated

    components

    Chemical stripping using nitric

    and hydrochloric acid and

    burning of chips

    Hydrocarbons, heavy metals,

    brominated substances discharged

    directly into rives acidifying fish and

    flora. Tin and lead contamination of

    surface and groundwater. Air

    emissions of brominated dioxins,heavy metals and hydrocarbons

    Plastics from printers, keyboards,

    monitors, etc.

    Shredding and low temp

    melting to be reused

    Emissions of brominated dioxins,

    heavy metals and hydrocarbons

    Computer wiresOpen burning and stripping to

    remove copper

    Hydrocarbon ashes released into air,

    water and soil.

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    Importing large quantity of second hand devices

    Many ports like Chennai port are found to be deluged with e-waste import

    No source of accurate estimates of the quantity of e-waste generated and recycled

    Low level of awareness among manufacturers and consumers

    Improper techniques such as acid leaching and open air burning are used

    Inefficient recycling processes that causes the substantial loss of material value

    Improper dumping after getting the precious metals

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    Stakeholder Ecosystem

    Producers

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    E-waste (Management and Handling) Rules

    2011

    Collection of E-waste during manufacture and end oflife

    Setting up collection centers or take back systems

    Financing and organizing a system to meet the cost ofenvironmentally sound management of the system

    Provide contact details to facilitate collection

    Creating awareness by publications, advertising,

    posters

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    Six hazardous chemicals - Lead, Mercury, Cadmium,

    Hexavalent Chromium, Polybrominated Biphenyls

    and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers are banned in

    electronic and electrical equipment

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    Better infrastructure

    Create awareness

    Resource mobilization

    Monitoring and evaluation

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    Carry out baseline surveys and analysis of the E-waste threat

    Develop sustainable models for E-waste management

    Encourage set up facilities to handle refurbishment of unwantedelectrical and electronics equipment and recycling

    Develop incentives for establishment of sustainable E-waste disposal

    agencies through mutually beneficial reuse and recycling schemes

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    Establish centers for training the required human resources

    Develop and popularize change management program for leaders of government and private

    sector institutions to embrace proper E-waste management

    Develop and implement awareness campaign strategy to create general vigilance about the

    issues of E-waste management and ensure that the people understand to safely dispose E-waste

    Ensure procurement of environmentally friendly electric and electronic equipment

    Educate about mainstream e-waste issues at all levels in education curriculum

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    Increase budgetary allocation to the initiatives targeted at reducing E-waste risks

    Set up an E-waste fund , to be collected from sellers and buyers of electronic

    equipment

    Applying advanced recycling fee that requires consumers to pay a recycling feewhen purchasing an electronic equipment, this fee takes care of recycling the

    equipment once it reaches end of life

    Put in place mechanism for resource mobilization from development partners

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    E-waste Policy will require constant monitoring and evaluation

    Annual surveys should be carried to gather statistics about E-waste management to

    ensure proper implementation of policies enforced and awareness created

    Regular evaluations to be carried to ensure effectiveness

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    Reduce ,Reuse and Recycle

    Create markets for the sale of used electronics

    Online forum for the exchange of working electronics or

    components

    Recycling electronic waste can be source of income forpeople with few alternative economic options

    Create an open-source database of best practices for

    managing different types of e-waste

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    There should have a system of collection and channelization in a place with proper

    regulatory mechanisms. Collection canters can be created so that e-waste material can be accumulated at one

    place.

    All Central & State govt. departments, PSUs and other bulk consumer should channelize

    their e-waste disposal so as to safeguard and protect the environment.

    Government can provide incentive to set-up E-waste processing units for quick disposal. Giving incentives for setting up more units within the same state - movement of

    material can be avoided and the disposal can be ensured in a environmentally sound

    process which will also ensure higher revenue to the state.

    There should be a pragmatic approach for fixation of Reserve Price of such E-waste

    material because most of Government Dep't and PSUs is generally on the higher side.

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    Thank You

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