Vocabulary Vocabulary StemsStemsThe base to your language!

It gives you a leg to stand It gives you a leg to stand on!on!

Vocabulary OriginsVocabulary OriginsEnglish is the mixture of many languages.

Its origins are Greek, Latin, French, Old English, and Middle English.

English is a living language so it is constantly changing.

StemsStemsBeginnings – prefixesRoots – basesEndings – suffixes

Add them up to make words.Example: in (into) + spec (look)

+ tion (act or state ) = inspection (to look into)

Vocabulary Words 10-1

Mit – sentMit – sent (Latin)(Latin)Intermittent – intermitente – stopping

and starting between intervals.Mitigate- mitigar – to lessen in force

or intensity, as with grief, harshness, or pain

Remit – mandato – to send backExample: During the intermittent

rain, I hoped to mitigate the loss of our dog in between showers by remitting his ashes to the pond where he liked to swim.

Prim – first (Latin)Prim – first (Latin)Primal – primaria – originalPrimeval – primitivo – of or

pertaining to the first age or agesPrimitive – primitivo – being of the

first or earliest in kind or existence.Example: Primitive man made the

primal cave drawings during the primeval or earliest known time periods.

Proto – first (Latin)Proto – first (Latin)Protocol – protocolo – the first of a

documentProtohistory – protohistoria – the

study of a culture before its recorded history

Protolithic – protolithic – relating to the very beginning of the Stone Age.

Example: During the Protolithic time period, there was not protocol, written history, only a oral history, which is protohistory.

Tain – hold (Latin)Tain – hold (Latin)Abstain – abstenerse – to hold oneself

backDetain - detener - to hold downSustain – mantener – to support or hold

Example: To abstain from serious physical relationships, not only sustains one’s self respect, it detains serious physical and emotional problems.

Vert – turn (Latin)Vert – turn (Latin)Incontrovertible – incontrovertible – not

open to question or disputeRevert – volver – to turn backSubvert – subvertir – to over thrown; to

ruin; to turn against.Example: In a desire to subvert the

king’s rule, the revolutionaries presented incontrovertible evidence that the king couldn’t argue, proving he wanted to revert the citizens rights, making them slaves.

Crazy WordsCrazy WordsPrim + vert = first turn Example: I must take the primvert on

the left to go to his neighborhood.Proto + tain = first holdExample: Bob dropped his prototain

and was thrown from the bull.Prim + mit = first sendExample: Primmitting a man into

space was important during the 1960s.