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Vocabulary Review
The nonliving parts of the environment
Abiotic factors
Rain, sleet, or snow that contain acid from air pollution
Acid precipitation
a change in velocity or speed of an object
Acceleration
Ecosystems found in water
Aquatic ecosystems
The most basic part of matter
atom
When different charges or poles of a magnet come closer together
attract
Each line on the sides of a line graph
axis
Plural form of axis
axes
A tool that measures the mass of an object
balance
Forces that have a net force of zero
Balanced forces
A long, narrow island that forms parallel to a beach
Barrier island
The living parts of the environment
biotic
Consumers that eat only other animals
carnivore
The largest population of a certain organism that an ecosystem can support
Carrying capacity
The smallest unit of life
cell
A thin layer that allows some materials to pass in and out of
plant and animal cells
Cell membrane
The stiff outer layer of a plant cell
Cell wall
A change that forms a new type of matter
Chemical change
A feature of matter tha can cause a chemical change
Chemical property
The process in which two substances combine and
undergo a chemical change
The parts of a plant cell that produces food
chloroplasts
A method of separating the parts of a mixture based on their weights. Separating a liquid
solution
chromatography
A uniformly mixed mixture that contains particles which are
larger that those in a solution, but smaller than in those in
suspension
colloid
All of the populations which live in the same area
community
A tool used to measure direction
compass
The amount of solute dissolved into a solvent
concentration
A solution that contains larger amount of the solute
concentrated
Statements that you think are true based on knowledge and
observations
conclusion
Areas which have colder temperatures and contain trees, such as pine trees that produce seeds in cones and that have leaves shaped like needles
Coniferous forest
The wise use of natural resources
conservation
Features on land
Continental plates
The plates under land
Part of the ocean floor that begins at the shore and slopes
gently toward the ocean
Continental slope
Parts of the experiment that stay the same
Controlled variable
A very large movement of water
current
A jelly-like substance that fills plants and animal cells
cytoplasm
information
data
Slowing down
decelerating
An organism that gets energy by breaking down nutrients in dead
organism
decomposer
An object’s mass compared to its volume
density
The variable in an experiment which changes depending upon the independent variable; also called the responding variable
Dependent variable
The dropping of sediment or particles by water, wind, or ice
deposition
To imagine and create the best way to solve problem or how to
make a new product
design
A solution that has smaller amounts of a solute
dilute
North, south, east, and west
direction
To break apart
dissolve
When parts of the Earth’s crust shifts
earthquake
The study of the interactions between organisms and their
environment
ecology
A scientist who studies ecology
ecologist
A group of living things and their nonliving environment
ecosystem
The movement of weathered rock from place to place
erosion
A body of water found in an area where freshwater and salt water
mix
estuary
The process by which a liquid turns to a gas
evaporation
Controlled test
experiment
A crack in the rock of Earth’s crust
fault
Paper or other screen with small holes in it, used to separate
mixtures
filter
Medical care used in an emergency
First aid
Process used to separate items of different densities in a liquid
floatation
The rising and overflowing of a body of water especially onto
land that is normally dry. Floods can change land and oceans,
and often cause erosion
flood
The path of energy as it flows from one organism to the next
Food chain
A diagram of several interconnected food chains
Food web
A push or pull on an object
force
The force that acts on an object to stop its motion
friction
A state of matter whose particles are always in motion
gas
Warm areas that receive some rainfall,are usually flat or have
gently rolling hills, and are often called prairies, plains, or pampas
grasslands
The force that pulls all objects on Earth toward the center of the
Earth
gravity
Consumers that eat only plants
herbivore
A mixture is not mixed evenly througout
Heterogeneous mixture
A mixture which is the same (mixed evenly) througout
Homogeneous mixture
An organism which is infected by a parasite
host
An answer or explanation to a question
hypothesis
A variable which changes in an experiment; also called a
manipulated variable
Independent variable
The tendency of an object to remain at rest or in motion unless
acted upon by a force
inertia
A conclusion drawn from what you know and what you have
learned from your observations
A narrow strip of water that is protected by barrier islands
inlet
Looking at a problem in a scientific way and asking
questions in order to solve it; a test for a hypothesis
investigation
When large pieces of land slide down a hill
landslide
Resources and environmental factors that limit the size of a
population
A way to organize and display information using horizontal lines; line graphs show changes over
time
Line graph
A state of matter that takes the shape of the container it is in
liquid
A substance that reduces friction
lubricant
Molten rock under Earth’s surface
magma
The attraction and repulsion of magnetic objects to each other
magnetism
To use a tool to make things look larger
magnify
The total amount of matter in an object
mass
Something that has mass and takes up space
matter
An underwater mountain range
Mid-ocean ridge
Two or more kinds of matter that are mixed
mixture
The smallest piece of matter that retains all the properties of that object and is made up of many
atoms
molecule
The part of a plant and animal cell that controls growth and
contains genes
nucleus
Using the five senses to learn more about the world
observation
The part of Earth that is covered by oceans
Ocean basin
The plates under the ocean
Oceanic plates
A consumer that eats both plants and animals
omnivore
The organism that must live on or inside another organism in order
to get energy
parasite
A change in matter in which the type of matter stays the same
Physical change
A feature of matter that you can recognize with your senses
Physical property
A substance which causes pollution
pollutant
A group of organisms of the same species living in the same
place
population
An organism that eats other organisms
predator
An organism that is eaten by another organism
prey
Organisms that produce their own food
producers
The new substance that forms during a chemical reaction
production
Matter that is not a mixture
Pure substance
The rate at which a solute is dissolved
Rate of solubility
The substances that react with each other during a chemical
reaction
reactant
When two like charges or poles of a magnet move away from
each other
repel
An organism’s need
resources
Pieces of information gathered from an investigation
results
A crack in the ocean floor caused by tectonic plats moving apart
Rift zone
A smaller ridge of sand parallel to the beach
sandbar
A solution that contains the maximum amount of a solute that
it can hold
saturated
Mountains that are far away from mid-ocean ridgs
seamount
Using a strainer to separate parts of a mixture
sifting
A part of a line graph that represents velocity
slope
A form of air pollution
smog
A state of matter whose particles are close together and do not
move much
solid
The amount of solute that can be dissolved into a solvent
solubility
The substance that makes up the smaller part of a solution
solute
The substance that makes up the larger part of a solution
solvent
A measurement of distance over time
speed
The form that matter has
State of matter
The amount of a substance’s surface that is exposed
Surface area
A mixture in which the particles separate easily
suspension
Plates which make up Earth’s surface
Tectonic plates
A forest that contains trees which lose their leaves each autumn
Temperate deciduous forest
An ecosystem on land
Terrestrial ecosystem
The feel of a surface
Texture
The rise and fall of the levels of the oceans
tides
An ocean feature that has a length of thousands of kilometers
is generally hundreds of kilometers wide and extends 3 to
4 Kim deeper that the surrounding ocean floor
trench
A forest found in much warmer areas that receives plenty of rain
Tropical rain forest
Forces that have a net force balance not equal to zero
unbalanced
A large membrane-covered chamber which stores chemicals
and wastes inside a plant cell
vacuole
A part of an experiment that may change or vary
variable
Speed and direction
velocity
An opening in Earth’s crust through which molten lava, ash,
and gases are ejected
volcano
How much space an object take up
volume
A motion of ocean water caused by wind
wave
The breakdown of rock at or near Earth’s surface
weathering
The pull of gravity on an object
gravity
