Vocabulary Level FVocabulary Level F

Unit #4Unit #4

affableaffable(adjective) (adjective) Courteous and Courteous and pleasant, easy to pleasant, easy to speak tospeak to

SynonymsSynonymsagreeableagreeableAmicableAmicablecordialcordial

AntonymsAntonymsSurlySurlydourdour

I hope I get seated I hope I get seated next to an next to an affableaffable person on the long person on the long plane ride to plane ride to England.England.

aggrandizeaggrandize(verb) to build up or (verb) to build up or increase in size, increase in size, power, or wealth, power, or wealth, to to make appear greatermake appear greater

SynonymsSynonymsamplifyamplifyEnhanceEnhance

He hired a “life He hired a “life coach” to guide him coach” to guide him in how to aggrandize in how to aggrandize all aspects of his life.all aspects of his life.

amorphousamorphous(adj) shapeless; (adj) shapeless; without organization without organization or form; or form; of no of no particular type or particular type or charactercharacter

SynonymsSynonymsunstructuredunstructuredNebulousNebulous

Without an agenda Without an agenda or a leader the or a leader the meeting became an meeting became an amorphousamorphous gathering.gathering.

auraaura(noun) a distinctive (noun) a distinctive airair or personal or personal quality; atmospherequality; atmosphere

SynonymsSynonymsambianceambianceAtmosphereAtmosphere

Most students want Most students want to be near Mr. to be near Mr. Whitehead because Whitehead because he gives off a really he gives off a really cool cool aura.aura.

contrabandcontraband(noun) (noun) smuggle or smuggle or illegal goods, illegal illegal goods, illegal traffictraffic

(adj) illegal or (adj) illegal or prohibitedprohibited

SynonymsSynonymsunlawfulunlawfulbootlegbootlegIllicitIllicit

She bought a She bought a contrabandcontraband designer designer purse out of the back purse out of the back of a van in an ally in a of a van in an ally in a shady part of town.shady part of town.

eruditeerudite(adj) (adj) scholarlyscholarly, , learned, learned, bookish, bookish, pedanticpedantic

SynonymsSynonymseducatededucatedwell-readwell-read

The The eruditeerudite student student was appalled by the was appalled by the immature behavior immature behavior and ignorant and ignorant questions asked by questions asked by his peers.his peers.

gossamergossamer(adj) (adj) thin, light thin, light delicate, delicate, insubstantialinsubstantial

(noun) thin cloth(noun) thin cloth

SynonymsSynonymsSheer, Sheer, filmyfilmyfeatheryfeatheryGauzyGauzy

She wanted make She wanted make the wings for her the wings for her fairy costume from fairy costume from fragile fragile gossamergossamer..

inferinfer(verb) to find out by (verb) to find out by reasoning; to hint reasoning; to hint suggest, or imply; suggest, or imply; to to arrive at a conclusion on arrive at a conclusion on the basis of thoughtthe basis of thought

SynonymsSynonymsspeculatespeculategathergatherdeducededucepresumepresume

Our teacher expects us Our teacher expects us to to inferinfer a character’s a character’s intent based on his intent based on his words and behavior.words and behavior.

inscrutableinscrutable(adj) incapable of being (adj) incapable of being understood; impossible understood; impossible of seeing through of seeing through physically.physically.

SynonymsSynonymsincomprehensibleincomprehensible

impenetrableimpenetrable

AntonymsAntonyms

•IntelligibleIntelligible

•penetrablepenetrable

I didn’t know what to do I didn’t know what to do because my boss’s because my boss’s directions were directions were inscrutableinscrutable..

insularinsular(adj) (adj) relating to, relating to, characteristic of, or characteristic of, or situated on an islandsituated on an island; ; narrow or isolated in narrow or isolated in outlook or experienceoutlook or experience

SynonymsSynonymsnarrow-mindednarrow-mindedprovincial (unit #1)provincial (unit #1)parochialparochial

The provincial people The provincial people held very held very insularinsular attitudes attitudes towards new ideas.towards new ideas.

Insular Area Summary for the U.S. Virgin Islands

irrevocableirrevocable(adj) (adj) Incapable of Incapable of being changed or being changed or called backcalled back

SynonymsSynonymsirreversibleirreversibleUnchangeableUnchangeable

He realized as he was He realized as he was falling that his falling that his decision to jump off decision to jump off the roof was, indeed, the roof was, indeed, irrevocable.irrevocable.

propensitypropensity(noun) natural (noun) natural inclination or inclination or predilection towardpredilection toward

SynonymsSynonymsproclivityproclivity (unit #3) (unit #3)natural bentnatural bentPenchantPenchant

Her friends don’t tell Her friends don’t tell her any secrets her any secrets because they know because they know she has a natural she has a natural propensitypropensity towards towards gossip.gossip.

querulousquerulous(adj) complaining, (adj) complaining, fretful, whinyfretful, whiny

SynonymsSynonymscrankycrankyirritableirritablepetulant petulant (unit #1)(unit #1)

AntonymAntonymStoicalStoicalSereneSereneplacidplacid

I have no patience for I have no patience for querulous children; I querulous children; I usually just ignore their usually just ignore their whining and whining and complaining.complaining.

remonstrateremonstrate(verb) (verb) to argue or to argue or plead with someone plead with someone against somethingagainst something; ; protest or object toprotest or object to

SynonymsSynonymsexpostulate (unit #1)expostulate (unit #1)reason againstreason againstArgueArgue

The player got a The player got a penalty after he tried penalty after he tried to to remonstrateremonstrate with with the referee, pleading the referee, pleading with him to remove with him to remove the penalty.the penalty.

repudiaterepudiate(verb) to disown; to (verb) to disown; to reject or deny the reject or deny the validity ofvalidity of

SynonymsSynonymsrenouncerenouncedisavowdisavowabjureabjure

I will not I will not repudiaterepudiate my my cat just because he cat just because he destroys my furniture destroys my furniture with his claws and with his claws and won’t come when I won’t come when I call him.call him.

resilientresilient(adj) (adj) able to recover able to recover quicklyquickly

SynonymsSynonymsdurabledurableSpringy, Springy, elasticelasticBuoyantBuoyant

AntonymsAntonyms

•RigidRigid

•StiffStiff

•inflexibleinflexible

The players on the team The players on the team are are resilientresilient; they show ; they show up for practice with a up for practice with a good attitude ready to good attitude ready to work even if they’ve been work even if they’ve been beaten down the night beaten down the night beforebefore

reverberatereverberate(verb) to re-echo; to (verb) to re-echo; to reflect or be reflected reflect or be reflected repeatedlyrepeatedly

SynonymsSynonymsechoechoRumbleRumble

The sound of her The sound of her laughter laughter reverberated reverberated through through the empty halls.the empty halls.

scurrilousscurrilous(adj) (adj) coarsely abusive, coarsely abusive, vulgar or low; foul- vulgar or low; foul- mouthedmouthed

SynonymsSynonymsobsceneobscenefilthyfilthyabusiveabusive

Her reasoned analysis Her reasoned analysis of the judges’ of the judges’ scandalous behavior scandalous behavior was dismissed by him was dismissed by him as a(n) scurrilous as a(n) scurrilous diatribe.diatribe.

seduloussedulous(adj) persistent; showing (adj) persistent; showing determinationdetermination

SynonymsSynonymstirelesstirelessAssiduousAssiduous

AntonymsAntonyms

•listlesslistless

•indolentindolent

I am so proud of my I am so proud of my friend who is in friend who is in seduloussedulous training for an training for an Iron ManIron Man competition; she follows competition; she follows a strict training program a strict training program and never slacks.and never slacks.

sleazysleazy(adj) thin or flimsy in (adj) thin or flimsy in texture; cheap; inferior texture; cheap; inferior in quality or character. in quality or character. Ethically low, mean, or Ethically low, mean, or disputabledisputable

SynonymsSynonymsinferiorinferiorcheesycheesyShoddyShoddy

I knew that I should I knew that I should trust the trust the sleazysleazy lawyer; lawyer; he had a bad reputation he had a bad reputation for making disreputable for making disreputable deals.deals.