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Vocabulary Ch. 8, 9, Vocabulary Ch. 8, 9, 1010
History Alive!History Alive!
Chapter 8Chapter 8
Articles of Confederation: The first Articles of Confederation: The first written plan of government for the United written plan of government for the United States. States. – A “confederation” is an association of states A “confederation” is an association of states
who cooperate for a common purpose.who cooperate for a common purpose.
Territory: A region designated by Territory: A region designated by Congress and organized under a Congress and organized under a governor. governor. – A territory may apply to become a state A territory may apply to become a state
when it has a large enough population.when it has a large enough population.
Chapter 8Chapter 8
Arsenal: A place where weapons and Arsenal: A place where weapons and ammunition are stored.ammunition are stored.
Enlightenment: The “Age of Reason” Enlightenment: The “Age of Reason” in 17in 17thth and 18 and 18thth century Europe. century Europe. Enlightenment thinkers emphasized Enlightenment thinkers emphasized using rational thought to discover using rational thought to discover truths about nature and society.truths about nature and society.
Chapter 8Chapter 8
Republic: A country governed by Republic: A country governed by elected representatives.elected representatives.
Constitution: A written plan that Constitution: A written plan that provides the basic framework of a provides the basic framework of a government.government.
Compromise: An agreement in which Compromise: An agreement in which both sides in a dispute agree to give both sides in a dispute agree to give up something they want in order to up something they want in order to achieve a settlement.achieve a settlement.
Chapter 8Chapter 8
Electoral College: The group established Electoral College: The group established by the Constitution to elect the by the Constitution to elect the president and vice president. Voters in president and vice president. Voters in each state choose their electors.each state choose their electors.
Ratify: To formally approve a plan or an Ratify: To formally approve a plan or an agreement. agreement. – The process of approval is called The process of approval is called ratificationratification. .
Chapter 9Chapter 9
Popular Sovereignty: The idea that the Popular Sovereignty: The idea that the authority of government comes from the authority of government comes from the people.people.
Legislative Branch: The lawmaking part of Legislative Branch: The lawmaking part of government, called the government, called the legislaturelegislature. . – To To legislatelegislate is to make a law. is to make a law.
Bicameral: Having 2 lawmaking parts. Bicameral: Having 2 lawmaking parts. – BicameralBicameral comes from the Latin words comes from the Latin words
meaning “two rooms.”meaning “two rooms.”
Chapter 9Chapter 9
Bill: A proposed law.Bill: A proposed law.
Veto: To reject a proposed law or bill. Only Veto: To reject a proposed law or bill. Only the president can veto bills.the president can veto bills.
Executive Branch: The part of government Executive Branch: The part of government that “executes” (carries out) the laws.that “executes” (carries out) the laws.
Impeach: To formally accuse an official of Impeach: To formally accuse an official of a crime related to official duties.a crime related to official duties.
Chapter 9Chapter 9
Judicial Branch: The part of government, Judicial Branch: The part of government, consisting of the Supreme Court and lower consisting of the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, that interprets the laws.federal courts, that interprets the laws.
Checks and Balances: The system that Checks and Balances: The system that allows each branch of government to limit allows each branch of government to limit the powers of other branches.the powers of other branches.
Amendment: A change to the Constitution.Amendment: A change to the Constitution.
Chapter 9Chapter 9 Interstate Commerce: Trade and other Interstate Commerce: Trade and other
business dealings that cross state lines.business dealings that cross state lines.
Federalism: The constitutional system that Federalism: The constitutional system that shares power between the national and shares power between the national and state governments. state governments.
Party: an organized political group.Party: an organized political group.
Interest Group: An organization that Interest Group: An organization that actively promotes the views of some part actively promotes the views of some part of the public on specific issues.of the public on specific issues.
Chapter 10Chapter 10
Bill of Rights: A formal listing of the Bill of Rights: A formal listing of the basic rights of a citizen.basic rights of a citizen.
Warrant: An order from a judge that Warrant: An order from a judge that authorizes police or other officials to authorizes police or other officials to take certain action, such as take certain action, such as searching someone’s property.searching someone’s property.
Chapter 10Chapter 10
Self-Incrimination: The act of giving Self-Incrimination: The act of giving testimony that can be used against testimony that can be used against oneself.oneself.
Defendants: People who are required Defendants: People who are required to defend themselves in a legal to defend themselves in a legal action; an example is an accused action; an example is an accused person who is put on trial for a crime.person who is put on trial for a crime.
