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Vocabulary . 9 th literature. 8/27—Literary terms. Text: any arrangement of words Genre :category of literature Major Genre:prose, verse, drama Minor Genre:specific subdivisions of major genre Narrative : text that tells a story . 8/27 Literary Terms . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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9 th literatureVOCABULARY
Text: any arrangement of wordsGenre: category of literatureMajor Genre: prose, verse, dramaMinor Genre: specific subdivisions of
major genreNarrative: text that tells a story
8/27—LITERARY TERMS
Prose: text written in standard paragraph form
Verse: text not written in standard paragraph form
Drama: text meant to be performed
8/27 LITERARY TERMS
Plot: series of events that tell a story
Story Line: individual plot line (short stories usually have one, novels several)
Exposition: beginning of story, tells character, setting, mood
Central Conflict: basic problem of story
8/27--ELEMENTS OF PLOT
Rising Action: attempts to solve problem
Climax: solution to problem
Falling Action: events caused by solution
Resolution: reactions to climax
8/27--ELEMENTS OF PLOT
Conflict--when the desires of a character are blocked
Internal Conflict--conflict exists in the mind of a character (requires a decision to be made)
External Conflict--conflict exists outside of the mind (requires an action to be performed)
LIT DEVICES
Internal Conflict External Conflictperson vs. self person vs. person
person vs. society (machine)person vs. natureperson vs. supernatural
LIT DEVICES
Theme—general statement about life; may be positive or negative, never a single word, may or may not be desired.
allusion: a reference to something outside the text that the reader is expected to know. Common allusions are made to fairy tales, mythology, Shakespeare, popular culture, history, and the Bible
symbol: when something is itself and represents something else
main idea- summary of events in a story.
LIT DEVICES
characterization – strategies an author uses to give characters personality
direct characterization- author tells the reader the
character’s personality
indirect characterization- author shows the reader the character’s personality
LIT DEVICES
Symbol Meaning (within the story) light shadow sleep café bodega
What is the theme of “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place?”
A CLEAN, WELL LIGHTED PLACE
Foreshadowing: the use of clues that suggest the outcome of situations in the narrative
Suspense: creating tension within the reader by promoting questions or a desire to know what will happen next.
Suspense is created by: 1. giving clues as to what will happen next
(Forshadowing, including setting) 2. withholding information 3. by supplying false information (irony).
LIT DEVICES, 9/5
Useful Vocab:Sexton: a church, congregation, or synagogue officer
charged with the maintenance of its buildings and/or the surrounding graveyard.
Emblem: symbol
Synod: A council or an assembly of church officials
Ostentatious: characterized by pretentious, showy, or vulgar display
Indecorous: improper or ungraceful; unseemly
THE MINISTER’S BLACK VEIL
4. Set up short answer blocks on paper and respond to the following
1. Explain what gives value to a person’s life.
2. Can a person’s life lose value? Explain.
9/10
Opening Question: In a short answer explain whether pretending to be someone you are not is or isn’t harmful.
THE MINISTER’S BLACK VEIL
accord: (noun) agreement; consensus (verb) to agree; to grant something
swathed: (verb) to wrap somebody or something completely
unaccountable: (adjective) not answerable; inexplicable
perturbation: (noun) being disturbed; cause of trouble
venerable: (adjective) worthy of respect; revered; ancient
countenance: (noun): face or expression; composure
9/24 VOCAB
In a short answer identify one symbol from the story and explain what it means and why it is important.
(Be sure to answer using at least 6 sentences, due tomorrow)
9/24 HOMEWORK
Connotation:An associated or
secondary meaning of a word or expression in addition to its explicit or primary meaning.
--emotional attachment
Denotation: Dictionary definition of a word.
9/25
Which word has a more positive connotation?
Ted’s Restaurant is furnished with (old, antique) furniture.
Mike’s (shabby, vintage) bike is black and gold.
A group of (loud, enthusiastic) students walk to school every day.
My parents argue (loudly, passionately) about politics over dinner.
9/25
1. She wanted to hide her feelings but she had a worried _____ that betrayed her emotions.
2. An unexpected test caused a _____ in the class with many students complaining.
3. Although records were kept, some of the funds were _____, which caused a shortage in the budget.
9/27 VOCAB
Main Character: principle participant in the storyMinor Character: maintains a limited role in the storyProtagonist: character that attempts to achieve or
change somethingAntagonist: character that attempts to stop someone
or somethingStatic Character: does not changeDynamic Character: changesFlat Character: limited in personality; stereotypeRound Character: well developed; many sides to
personality
9/27 VOCAB
In an Extended Answer explain what type of person Elizabeth is. Be sure to include information of what she is like at the beginning as well as at the end to note any change or not. Be sure to identify by the end of the response what type of character she is. (An extended answer is between 3-5 paragraphs)
9/27 HOMEWORK
august (adj) dignified and splendiddiffident (adj) lacking self-confidence; reserved or
restrained acrid (adj) pungent; sourperpetuity (n) perpetual condition; eternitydeprecation (n) criticism inextricable (adj) impossible to escape from, to
disentangle; extremely complexarchaic (adj) outmoded; no longer in ordinary
language; ancientcircumvent (v) get around restriction; out wit
somebodytemerity (n) audacity; boldnessmacabre (adj) horribly gruesome
10/2 VOCABULARY
Characterization: the act by which an author reveals character Direct: when the author directly states what type of person
a character is Indirect: when the author gives clues about what type of
person a character is
-says-appearance -thinks -what other characters say or think about them-does
10/2 LIT TERMS
Allusion: a reference to something outside the text that the reader is expected to know; provides additional information; may become a symbol.
Figures of Speech: comparison between two unlike things not meant to be taken literally
Metaphor: figure of speech in which something is said to be something else; metaphors may be implied.
Simile: figure of speech in which one thing is connected to another with phrases such as “like” or “as”
10/2 LIT TERMS
Personification: figure of speech where non-human things are given human qualities
Hyperbole: figure of speech that uses great exaggeration
Point of View: the perspective a text is told from 1st Person: narrated by a character in the text 2nd Person: reader is in the text 3rd Person Limited: follows one character through the story 3rd Person Omniscient: follows all or most character 3rd Person Omnipotent: reveals thoughts of character 3rd Person Objective: narrates only what can be seen or heard
LIT TERMS 10/2
Identify the figure of speech covered in the previous slides:
1.) She was a fresh as a flower
2.) It took me four years to get to school this morning.
3.) The dew, like morning’s sweat, glistened in the sun.
4.) Life’s a journey, not a destination.
5.) Only the champion daisy trees were serene. After all, they were part of a rain forest already two thousand years old and scheduled for eternity, so they ignored the men and continued to rock the diamondbacks that slept in their arms.
EXERCISE
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate vocabulary words:
scorn : :: praise : applaud infinity : sporadic :: : intermittentold : new :: : freshmerry : Christmas :: : Halloweenpungent : :: sweet : sugary
10/4
Device Quiz for Extra Credit:1. When what is said is opposite of what is meant,
what type of irony is created? 2. How a writer reveals character is called what?3. A figure of speech in which one thing is said to be
another is called what?4. A great exaggeration is called what?5. A reference to something outside of the text is
called what?
10/4
(10 min.) Extended Answer: Explain the importance of human companionship in both previous stories and how each differ in what they imply about it. One quote (author, #) needed from both stories.
10/4
shy: _____ :: arrogant : egotistical majestic: humble :: _____ : modest avoid: invite :: _____ : request boldness: _____ :: audacity : impudence 2+2 : easy :: -x^2 + 2(k+2)x - 9k = 0 : _____
10/8
Read and analyze the quote below: I lay awake in the dark, dark room.. .and tried to fal l asleep. I mean, I really
tr ied. But al l I could think of was ghosts. . .and eyeballs. . .and creepy noises. Scritch-scratch. Nah, just the wind, I told myself. Scritch. Scritch. Scraaaatch. The noise seemed to come from the wall nearest me. I tr ied to forget about
it by humming a happy tune. Hum-de-dum, de-dumm-dum. Then it started. Just as Ralphie had described it . WooOOoowooOOoowooOOoo. I l i fted my head and looked around the room. Soon there were more sounds. Thump. Thump. Thump. I looked up. In the corner of the room, I saw two
yellow eyes. They were floating in the dark. Scritch-scratch. Thump, thump, thump. WooOO-wooOOoo. The eyes were coming closer. And closer. Right then, I knew for sure: I was
a goner.
10/8
Suspense: creating tension within the reader by promoting questions or a desire to know what will happen next.
Suspense is created by: 1. giving clues as to what will happen next
(Foreshadowing) 2. withholding information 3. by supplying false information (irony).Foreshadowing: the use of clues that suggest the
outcome of situations in the narrative
10/8
Find and underline 3 figures of speech; find and underline characterization of Emily.
-I will check this tomorrow when I stamp learning plans.
10/8 HOMEWORK
In a short answer explain what type of person Emily is. Be sure to include one quote for support.
In a short answer explain what type of character Emily is. Be sure to include one quote for support
One paragraph for each response, will be collected on Wednesday (10/10).
10/9 HOMEWORK
Personification denotationconnotation
Theme symbolmetaphor
Text hyperbole main ideaProtagonist characterization antagonistMain character point of view
simileSuspense prose verseOrange allusion person v.
selfPerson v. supernatural static character allegoryAnaphora drama
narrative
QUIZ VOCAB
Think-Pair-Share: 1.) read each discussion question, write 1-2 sentences
answering the question. Discussion Questions: 1. In a short answer explain the structure of the plot and its
reasons. 2. Short Answer: If Emily is a static character, why does it
seem that she changes through the story? What exactly is changing?
3. In an extended answer compare/contrast the relationship Emily had with her father and Homer. Two quotes properly cited needed.
4. In a short answer explain how the appearance of the house is related to Emily’s l ife. One quote properly cited is needed.
5. In a short answer explain the theme of the story. One quote properly cited is needed.
10/15
Pair: turn to your neighbor in front of or behind you; discuss each answer.
Consider the other person’s answers to the questions, how are they different from yours? How can you add them into your discussion question?
Share: Each group will pick their strongest answer and share with the class.
10/15
Homework: Use today’s notes for help: Complete one of the discussion questions on Loose-leaf. (6-12
sentences) Discussion Questions: 1. In a short answer explain the structure of the plot and its
reasons. 2. Short Answer: If Emily is a static character, why does it
seem that she changes through the story? What exactly is changing?
3. In an extended answer compare/contrast the relationship Emily had with her father and Homer. Two quotes properly cited needed.
4. In a short answer explain how the appearance of the house is related to Emily’s l ife. One quote properly cited is needed.
5. In a short answer explain the theme of the story. One quote properly cited is needed.
10/15
You have an exam on Monday, October 22.To Study:A Rose for Emily
Plot points—your freytag’s pyramid graphic organizer will help here.
CharacterizationBe able to pick out three different figures of speechPoint of viewTheme Discussion questions covered in class today—write
them down to practice answering them using extended answers/short answers.
10/16
A short answer is 6 to 8 lines of paper and needs usually one detail/explanation to prove its topic.
The extended answer is 9 to 14 lines and usually requires two details/explanations to prove its topic
PARAMETERS