Vo/. No . ,==== - FAU Geoscience Florida Geographer... · This pro bl em vas addr es se d by t be Florida Depa rtment of Envi ronmenta l Regulation (FDER) in coojunct ion vi th local

The Florida Geographer

1 9 8 4 ======Vo 18 No ====

FLOJUDA Facts and Fallacies

01 (o IIA ampI 2middot No r th 1 ~~~t~~~l~~~

bullbull N a1I To (1-__)

t I1 r _olt

bull bull bull IIy ZOmiddotmiddotJOOmiddot)~~sect~~~~J do )Lbullbullbull ~bullbullcho~bullbull~Lvgeo 11 FloorlCl _ bullbull Ibull bullbullbull771~

( _ I _ bullbull 10_1

shy

Iv PtDrih GoiqjJ is the offlctll publ1Clt1on of the flo rtdl

Socl~ty of ~rlpherh and h distributed without cost to crs of the

Society One ~ per )fIr tll be publhhd peonding M1Celpt of In

ldequlte ~r Of Icceptable _nuscrlpts

lw Fznid ~ Is I state-ofile jOVrnll with blOld omrrlge of

geograpllical topics ~lat1ng to the stt~ and fts s~erl reg iOllS 110

~strictlons are placed on th~ content of IIrt lcl~S providing that they 1

with ~ spect of the geography of FloriOil L e tecet studin lthin the

stat~ IlIltters of the stat~ gen~rlly or studies Of t he US Sotlth of which

Florida is bull part

KemlSCripts are so licited f 11 who flel they 1loI~ rewarch wortily

of dlSS ell inat ion Mel ssectrtc fot requ l --nts re present ly 1n fon~

1ng tilt ~rill fo t of the arttcles 1n t he prenllt lI~r Hootver bull bull ut llOrs

s houl d IlOt be diSS ded f sut-ittln _ nuscripU beuuse of fo t conshy

si ler tIOft s the N ltor 1s wi ll ing to ~tille extensive revh iOfts 4s this

~r ~st ntes we Ire able to reproduce _ ps ene-es bull and U bles

lie would 11ie to publish In original Mol Oft the cover of N ch IIU1l11bt

so special request is cle to all who hll~ IIilPS of eee state or rtg10ns Of

the s ta t e wIl i ch llOUTd be o f i nt e res t to the Soc1ety s lIItIIIbers hip

auld lee Editor 1Mt F1cJidD ~

~rtllent of Geogrlpty Florldl Atlntlc Unherslty 80lt Rll ton Fl ))4)1

THE FLORIDA

GEOGRAPHER

Vcl~ lB ~jurrbor 1

COllntlrs Page

The Effects of F)id ~11~t~nts on Agricuture

in 1eH Centrl Florida

IJ H 5taJeurols =d M L uelasSltlUI

S Fallades Concerning Florida

Robert fI UaNr-B 07lt2 D~Jid Byn=

Cassadaga JuH Medi= Placp

Relative Growth and Iistrion of Floidas

European Born Hurricane Ilazard Perceptions of II Iloomers in the

Lr Ieys bull Book Revie i~e18 bull

Organized Crirrr Anivdy and the Spatial Variation of

Property and Violent eri RHes

Ray] X LLdak~ki (lSS1I 0739_0041)

)

8

TIlE uncrs or nooRlD QLUrtdTS

D K Stn aDd II L eVeur

ror the Iut fev dec d eairo_Dulin e CODGeDtrated their ir pollDtio ndio the COraltio d di penl of lfur diozide nitro ozided ozOne Sillce tbe aid 19500bullbull enviro_r ht baye beea- iDcre shyilllll svare of the preent d poteati l dangn ef ir-bor pound1ri in at ctul Florid de te tbe ai ieg d proce ieg ef pbophate Tho bull ge to variougriculturl punuiu hrt ollerved i cattle i the fono ot Uroi which reuIted trOll the fori41 00 penure gr D_ge to citrd ceruin nri41 pl t ho fOltllld Sine 1960 _n atie hau gtHoD phlihed vhitll indicat pecific ffcu ef UlgtOri npoll the pl u d lIl~h of the uebullbull In additien the nudie eathlilled that tbi regien 0CllI of the pr- re ot fl riltle pollntioo ill the United Statebull

lIInun of the rohl

n lIriry roe et ir-bor- fluori in thi ngiOll i frOll t- i shytelliv aininl d prooeuiea ot Ibolbatu (Fig 1) SiDce tbe dicever ef pboph te lgttui41 rotb in centrl Flori ill IISl ar rort d tbe iJldlI shytr ePded to hec_ jor vorld npplier of pbopbate by the aidshytYelltietb tentur Seeondr OIIrce of fluorid i the regioo are ttributed to 1Ii c_t d col-cOllbuarion iJldutri

llthOllgh pbopbare aioe d phu re cttered throDamphout _n ctrd Florida the lrleot concenshytrtion oC cbRIical pLt (lproti_teL t_he) rt louted in th tell1 PoLk d OIIthern BilLborOlllb cotin (Fig 2) EllC~t Imder buo l _athet ooll4ishytion the n of ponihle fluoride pollotion i liaitIOd to pprez-tel five aile di_eter atDUDd each iAshyulltion (r4 )

no principal phopbace co shyceDtrtion aid ill thi regilgttl for the prodtioll of fertiliu i fluor-patite (CoIro)f) whith cao contD up to parcent flllltlride (Ura j9M p 1) Fluor-patiteuri ill hoil bip ill ilicoll COllteDt Thi ore orii11 shypoited by earn i bed tIer the Fig_ 1 Locltltio~ of Florida dc It i a-d todl hy the Phophate Industry trip ini41 proc~ whid iIlcorshyptlratea the u of iant IUIrth il_hbull

Duriea the production of fershytilizer fLlIOr-tite i hiued

RORIDA PMOn E srTES

--- -------_ r-----_-~-----------

~-~

--llOiOiKi---~l

J f-~n - _ I -_ bull Iemiddotmiddot bullbull - - ~ )

----- -t-bullbull-- -0007-- pound~ - --~- ----------1

bull---t I

FLORIDA PftOSPHATE PLANT SITES

r---

-------_ ~-~----~-----------r-- I

- ~

witb aDHuic aci4 bidl reshyaDlu iD tbe fltl~tiOD ltIf pbeshypborie cid byd flric cid (HI) d Iypa_ no u thlOD TlIbl 1 rucn itb the ilicoD iD tbe ore tltl pr I1 tatraflllltlride Fr111aer Production pa (Sir) ru 1963 p 1) Jarry 1964

nia pa iD tan ia r ed fr the Uck ii by acrubber wIIicb ar Glti shy l1 tilt110 dcTicea -gtIll n shy Production tacbed ltI or located djce t Fert1l1zer (Short Tonsl tltl _lcetae Oriai ll the rsultan11110 _l tio th releued iDto H 9~Ol4

wIIre it decopoaed illto 1929U

U bullbullubuqlWDtl HCpiDS IItO lOOOOOmiddot

tbe talOapbere TIle iDcorpor shytioD of a II s_r iOll of crabber _ rSlOTe larle Fi9JKl Ppngtrl_tapetceDtse ot the fluoride aDd co n it iDto bull _rutabl Souroo CII-icl Kanetinq

by-prodDet tb reducu tbe kporWr 1964 p 4

rled iDto tbe poh rber re dlr fenil shy

iaCT proden produed liY tbe bbr iDtioD of KiP 1ll1 _d enp (Fig 4) n beie diftteIlee bete MY d ~ proee i fbe rebtioDbip ltIf die -me of -i (1111) ddd iD the rUct proeebullbullbull rbe CT8P pngte iDwIl re-eeliDS tbe phopllarie cid itb ore to pro i rIO co trted ruH

For - 10 enp bullbull tbe lediaa feniliur pr lleed rbe pro-eeu of CtsP Fod eed btle q titi of D amp-Iltbullbullpp u-tdy tlOD 0 tba Fodtio of CtsF _ iHtly redlle iD f ot ~

wIIicb produtea ipifioaAtly le u ni ill b clearly iD the prctioD filure of J 19 (Table 1) nia rift to _ pbaai 11 tha Fi-

THE PRINCPAL PHOSPHA TE PRODUCTS

MONO AMMONIJM PHOSPHA TE (MAP)

(NH) H2 POe

01 AMMONUM PHOSPHATE (OAP)

(NH)2 HPO

(GTSP)

ce (H2 PO)2

GRANULAR TRPLE SUPERPHOSPHATE

a

product i on of ~P hes reduced significantly t he presence of botb gaseous and particul at e BF ec is sions ove r the area Also ne w manufacturing techniques such 4 8 enc l os i ng the re a ctor and adding more ef f i c i ent s ta ck scrubbers hav e r educed HF from escap ing dur ing processing

Attempt s at So lutions

Establ ishing of Standa rds

It is impor tant t o r ecogn i ze that f luoride po l lut i on i s not basically a na t i ona l problem Re l a t i ve l y few areas of t he coun t r y are affected Thus any ac t i on to est ab li sb s t anda r ds is consummated on a state andor loca l level

This pro bl em vas addr es se d by t be Florida Depa rtment of Env i r onment a l Regulation ( FDER) i n coojunc t i on vi t h l ocal county pollut ion coc=issions in 1961 Al t hough s dry wei ght pasture grass stand rd of 45 ppm fluoride was adopted it was l a t er e l i mi na t ed in 1972 because of dr ama t i c reduct ion in fluo r ide ec is sions and improvement s in pr oduction pr oc es se s made by t he phoshyspbate i ndus t r y ( Sande rson 1983 p I ) Duri ng this period the fluo r i ne levshyel in th e gr ass act ually averaged below the recommended 45 ppm (Fig 5)

HlLLSa OAOUQ M

E- - - ----shy - - - -----shy-

(I(I J ---f-r---rshy--shy

PAS ru RE GRASS F1UORIDE

ISOCONCENTRATION LJ ES - 4 5 ppm

By 1976 the ambient fluor ide leve l s elevated signi f icantly as phoshysphate pr oduct i on increased Consequent ly the FDER pr oposed a fluoride rul e for pastur e gr as s and ambient ai r ( Sander son 1983 p I ) (I) f or ambi ent ai r 0 9 ppb f or twelve months 18 ppb f or 30 days and 5 6 ppb fo r 24 hours and (2 ) for pasture grass 45 ppm fo r a twel ve month ave rag Unf or tunately however due to t be lack of supportive r esearcb and because of in tense lobbyshying by tbe Fl orida Phos phate Council no ru le vas adop t ed for fl uor i de st an shyda r ds by Fl or ida ~otw it hstand ing l oca l EPC commi ssions gene rslly did foll ov th~ proposed 5tanda rdl It i interesting t o note tbat toda y o f tbe tvo cou nshy

4

s

1gt11 llvp1ltl ~H1fP bulla_t pu P 111 JWI1 -- J~ 1Ul -dH all 10 Lln~1 rt 1H1fP yoPr -401gt n u lIP-=gt 11~ i11 pin ul1ORU -uoq_ lt11 1110 ( hq1 U_t4 1101p1t8 004 patd ~ l nq4loi -lIaSOll-l 10 bullbull111gt1 20 lap -Hp p Aq nrgt niqdolotP dopAat 01 nJ r111Z-l _ hPl1 1 _IU 14 10 2010gt l1a n-zouq 11 looIlb middot1I010tqgt bullbull 0 middotuP P lgtHII1 01 iOlUZ _1 pin qClAlzll PHl~ 1 _1 1Ull1~03 -1 gt=0lt11lt HU gt1G (Z -4 C86f ~ozD) qdd I I -1 O1Inga1I01 11 1_ 1 -p 11A1I0 l1PIp_ ~ wL U PUH_ p-11 Jur l eJd 11 111111 ORn 0 omiddotPl_gtgt I J nO 1lld 01 kznrllI

middotmiddot11 114 Aq ~oq pin zn1100 Aq 1 1_ _14 gt11 lIodn 11gt11gt

Inn nmiddotWII Ol unodd l~ oaq ~1 JlIJI OQ l~o4J11 In alul_ 1 _~HId ~ middot(I~S) J~onlJU1Jl lImn~a _ (Ill) a~onU oa101li IplZaIgtd altlOa11I 1 lq lH~z4 an 1 01~H1 llf hp~o~ J1Iponu

~~0101 aP11U 10 10J11l1 _ -3

nI I~-1 lId Ilo~ 0 ~ aIq104 1I ~lIIod ~~ono 10 01 _ oa ap~AQd loa=~ 1 J1Ina 11 -1Iddl ql~A l_rOO J pulI middotUII_ 11 O Ul ~

middotlIgtll1~nrl pen ontlnllf hIHHp pen Id -zJ 10 _I~od n 11 ~h ~_ P ~11 3alIlJg 1qod 11 1 -1_ ~ 0 1I0n~pp III middotbullbulldltllJ1I I H~bullbullndl tae -pt~~n pnbull bull lIb Ap bull bullH pH~lOT ltOJ no IltIr_ bull I 01 _11110gt 1I0pnno4 p1DCll1 t H 11 lI11 ~ 11 dwDd_ 01 111 -PI -1111d bull lqod bullbullqll~_ 11 bull I lI 11 10 a

middotb 1pogtu WII bull 01 OllrllJnd_ 01 8Il11d o~I

J 81[ iq 11 1 po~ l Id oabullbull oa1HP 1lU bull L d ~961 11011_5) ~GazaHP I11Ga1od bull lIlI11n apoI ll~o_ J1IlonU bull 10 Ipnbullbull 0 p1d plII (I 081) I n~nd~ 1100gt I 01111 ppon - 111 1 Id U middotGazaJUlllf ~poP 1I~1 0 1_ aId 1 If I r1 01 111 1 lGaa lhJ~llnq lJftO_ 10gt 11-1 lhJJ1~ pun9 I~ 1d 1_ P 1-al Izl~-p 111 Pqu 811~oq lJl middot b ~_ -lGat 114 oano I 1[ - bullbull all middotoltIdbull bull Q n 1 1P E~ 1 middot)-1 iq 1 _01d ~H Iapox 1 dlll11 ~~onU lt101 llan U

middotlUrllSK1 1 1 ln Ul 1 1 n1 01 1 U1 _dzoo UlId ~ ozt 1 20 Ip ~lod lOOt 81 ~Id ~ ~ll1R PU (9 d 0I6r lIU_lIII5) 11gt 20lt1 ~lId IQuoclllgt shylal1 plAId -1 ~ 111_ J1Il10ftU bull 1A pnH -1 11 111 1101 J1I-Id bull 1 ~Ilmiddotoo ~ld IU middotlald) -1-1bullbull0gt1 iq psCll 111 I~ ~ lIu114_ gt bullbulls 10 p0P Id PlonH U

~

a UlU 1 ldii lHIno) 1_11111 1 111_11 _ qlI middotJallIppltgtnn 1I~~qonlltgtgt (l) 1 14 l~ alU 0) ~lonU 1I~q-11 _ 1 pId n _ I

Z961 o pd ~ I h~~us 1_~~ 1 ucgtd la~llgta lloq_l Ia lIlIl1010 gt d ~ 111 middot(t d t96T -6) (013) l paz01d In_ol _ J_li pal1Q 1 J 8 OQfltH I~ lQ laOOl 8111111 WIll [1161 III

__ls lhJ~101~

hrmal ld U 1 lII) tInooqllIl11 11J ~1 tltr _101110 J1I~Oftn ogl 14 ano ~ D4I l(l OP 1 lhJ~l~_ ImOI Itl I middotldll ~ IWII 111 11lt1010lt1111 I IPIJ1 ~~

lIigb lui U rid hu beeo~t~d itb l~af a~or~b bi~b baa be obshyrved t Rkin d SlD City d tbrougbogtut tb~ aautb eampteTll rt of IIilhboraugb COUllty (Woltz gi Ild Graldoll 19510 p ~OB 1gtoltz d latera iUO) Studiu itb gl diol ba utabliabed tbia plat U indishycator opecie for n ri~bull d atendlrd bave a te taiv~ly u 40 PPshyfar gl~10la (lioltz d lIten 19SC1 p 2) Broad-leaf phnts e~ibit iashyjury lOllS tbe r~ill d en otbr plats injury ppers pots ~r cbloroshyibull

la 1955 bull Jgte type of cblooi found on tbe leaves Cf dnuo Hee lle- Bov ie Pol~ Caunty vhib ttributed to ir-bltlrll g eOll tluorid lteIIod tr~ a uby pllolpute pl t llmdU md KcBrido 19~~

3-24) Polk County i DOt 0Il1y tbe cuter af tbe pbo phat~ iaduoy but i cb leadiDa producer ia FloTipmiddot dtr iadutry To l te tbe itutiatl itlI 120e t nioud end ~Eptri_au cltaducted durilgtl tbe 1960 d 70 to dueine tb ext Uld dfe af fl rgtde Oil eitru (Leonard Ild C 199 pp 717-22 LeoDa Ild Graea U72 pp 13-1~ altz tra bull d wrd 1971 pp )0-36 Leonard aDd Crav 1970 pp 34-41) poundrat Uld fild atdie have b tbat cb10ropbyll d Iaf debullbullla~llt

are iJgtbibited rely in 70Wl1 11 by relatively lov 118 of r- 20-~

~ rjury dri3 tb ti ~f nover bloltllll Uld rly fruit t Illy c e lola or frit 67p middot1 udltuJ Llo IioIt 1n y laquo_ulate lrge _atl of yo- itbout IlUcb apparent lt101001 lthougb th laaJ-c tIlI efshyhet au t DO Tile v riauo pede of itru diffe Cltlaidrably ill tbeir tll1erUlce of r Tlgte 1oa tgriJgte Uld CUlie10 are ry allit tb V hcu org i 18tIdUate1y iiv reu be Ii l d Piaeapple otUlg Uld grpafrit re t c ranO-

Fluoridl poioaiDa ia livucoek upecilIy beef ltattle d dairy coa i u11y oountred bullbull chronic fl Dia vhicll illvolve lie bard tinu a of tbe bltld-y APP0ziteIy 96 parca of all fluorine retind in the budy i t d h bI amplld tb the t - auroe of b fluoride i patur V bullbullbull MI1gtjc to air-borae laquoIIIt_i tiobullbull Tb cu pacult~ gr Itdrd U 4~ W- r flecting cc pt d belief tht ttle a he ecefully raised Oil gr laquoIauiais 45 PI r- Or Ie aa average maual bai (erum 1980) ~ fluoroia ia bull ebroaic 4u ltOau d by Ul eZltebullbull of fluoride er P01011amp pariod d tbere io ute far eltgtlle bull tQ ben leel eKed 4~ p~ 1leII l leaioa y de10p ell led 1 Uld hrown bullbullbullb bieb are aUptib1e to baonoal Uld e en ar lha bltlne leioa r bullbullIt in lars_en d lIl3btDiaa of tbe bo bicb _ leAd putrillg U jlliat Uld Dbeqnea bullbull iff_ d 1__ tb _jot co-ic 10 ar dIle ta tbrl tbriftiJgte of tbe Uli h rotbbltll tc datb Mo of tbe fluoroti r~crtd iD trall1Dri~ oCurred during b 1960 bull d it aot 0shy

pre-o l at tay T1lere n carrently lorg uuahes of b t cttle d aa pbopbe induatry ld llltgtat of tbese turdbullbullr pri tly o d nd are lteIIshy_eially plfitble

Ilmilli the pat t ~adipifca geau Uld parielot fluoride polluiOll have be obeed ia ceatral Florida ritb ~al

piolstily to bullbullbulltl d riouo pIucb a cittu Uld ar eath Ia the pat ye ro tbe iJgttr 4uetioll of JgteY ty cf tk strubben d= vroshy W tecbrliq bullbullb dgt_g t pd_ prgdlttioll a1 1lU Uld t~ 6Ocrea ia plIophat prodaetion ~ ulting fo ~pr d _ket hove reduced be efshyfect of saUaubull d rticalbullbull nuori~ gbullbull Jlore uercb oc tbi topic i Ilded d _Ulingul ta lItamprldadgt bauld ~ establibd A collQlet d fair naluatioll af b Flotid fluoride pollatioll probl oaly tbell ua he certai_d

Cheaied Marlrdiq Upon 19amp10 (17 brry) p 1

Cruoo J ) nflO Utrn fro Dr J II Cr DVMbullbull art Florida (21) Marcil)

t-rd C Dbullbullbullud Gu II IIbullbull Jr 11l19 Ufet of fluoridir pollllcioll of florida eitru Proeudiag of Firt 1Iltrtio l CitOi Spoi Yo1 2

____bull 1970 sc ff~et of ir-oQc n riu arOltb aul id4 of oi eitru PNe 4iu8 of th Florida Stot Borticnlcucalrici Socicy ~ 83

____bull 1971 nHeet of fluori l d ill Idci raall lea oa ield 4 fruit ltilit ltdi tt lori4amp Stt~ 1l0niculrol Sod t 01 a~

SaDdeo Deht J 1983 lIabut tluorida itoriDamp in Hill1lbo~ou8b CoviDt bull bull 10u1 IC penpecti Florida Air 1ollution Contul ucition

tlrone Panl 1983 AbIo1iheric fluOrid pollution U ieroit f lo6da ua_ publib d poor

W_dor 1 101 ~ rtellri4 J 1 19~3 A chlorobullbullbull produe4 by llri on itr i Ploriole ccndl1gtamp 01 tb lorida nto Borticulturd Socier ltr01 68

Wo1tt 8 Sbullbull J(qio R 0 bullbull oogtd G1l1da G II 1934 selldiu 00 lU loorcb of 81d1 1roeu4il1ampl of th Florida State Borden1tll1 ScHoi t YOl 6~

Vo1u 8 S 4 Vto V I 1980 Ufct of flllOri4 ill tba ir-t upo Florida 8rieIl1tllre rcbt AllItC - IInda tobullbull I1ra toa UpoundC Lrcb hport CC 1980-3 (Karcl 1980)

Io1U S S Wtera W Ebullbull aDod ~c4 U c IH1 Elfcta of f1ri4 0 tboli 4 iibl igtdutly ill ellt-flr ~ro d citr Flui40l 4glticnltu1 Lopr~ t 8tatiou J l SIOJL 110 3amp50 1 0 1

In~ru bullbullbulldou ~ce~tiod idea otteD be mtrshyt1JilOd 1Jilb actual ituatio tbt tbrougb time lbe trvtb om leu fatual tb tb ldklore flri~ beina i--c~ iblc tit 1 ltbe lQtb centur fonered ny rception mol id bal re lster proved ucorre(t EYen til recntly eololil d lPubr bitoril litratre conbullbulli4 1 fUaib~t niH fioltl beir y into pruent-cly Iituture d nvershyti four of tbne fonc IIlt eLlllined ber [rg 1 envr)

()a of tbe IlIOn inter tiClg of tb 111ci lat to be u ~f he ltI b-y ~ul laquogtek ~ ey de 1008 be llori400 leef in 1646 by Tiwgttby Abbltltt Gonrd and latu by i Agi gve grounds fo tbe beli ltlin tbe tiu nnul of Ploriltl On eoU 10 tin Aioobullbull i bullbull tbe inent Si tnrdt eported tbt Floi bII~ been etnd d outbnd ro line repruenhd by tbe perllel of 2r B by tbe Itroth of bull a-on of 1 r ta ero but lID eFr tbn tIve to tventy Itllnd by tb~ burisl of the reef oeneatb IDl laquoultiol1 of detrtu_ tU upll tb 0 gteigbtbullbull f fet abov 6e l~v l Th~ S~tl of th u~h th eltUIWton or tb~ de~ritu vaa COIIIpled vitbout cblUige in tb~

uhtive hvel of tb and tbe nidan P1t0 Ie fUItber auppoed bt 1Iori nl Dot grV beyond tbp prpunt 1gtvill$ C ror tbe voter _bullbull too dct tor tal to tu bold _d ampTOV 1bia tb y as incorporar d by Jopb t eollU in IIi tutboollt EIllampetlt of oloU in 1878nd va IIIn 111 shyPt4 COT _n li_th mown agtout tb intrior of Flori vbn tbia tbfory fot1llulud bullbulld lctl aince icoerd M Ih it to be fal Actnlly it Angelo eilprill ill UIl6bo 4i_d cbao tb proshysrui Sconb of tbe plIinl tar aautb a ralte Okuchobe v dJJlto to bull cOIlbilOlion of sed1entation and aphul

Flnrilla ~igbut Poillt

A Ions bIIld belief co nlng th loci of tb bi~beot point in flltrtida bIIe be~ reaPlt nf vibfl lbinking Jtcule Florida la for U praicl purpoaea tr_Iy lCV nd fht tbe bigh ridge u sing ISO Ie _bo ae 1 1 tbt tloDamp _hongh lthe tent of tbe st i clled tb CeIltrl Hisblmd nis hillblan4 Ire ettin fro the 1Or8i nate liD in tbe nortb to b vicinity of Glad CoWl dinlt of pp~eIi tely Z~Q

i1 p to be ~ logical pla fr tbe hiebea point in flOTid in tact in Tbo 5cenery of florid Geological Bulletil 110 17 (oou 1939) Ital th tbe lne 1lIiO) rh outhern pIIrt 01 tbe Central Bigblana rOe Iligber tlan yvbre ehe in Florida lie tllr fore placed tbe billbest poillt t Iron lIounrin (J5 pound bove Ied) nr LOu Vd Polt C~7

lnterbullbull ingly on th i f tbl tain atmd tb ttractive crril-Inn 11 lt1 the ~ok SiDaing Ter rbllp hetpinlt to perpetuale tbia fallcy It i internillil to IIDt tbat not only [~on lnJntiJo _~ h =rreo~ l~shy

~ion _ihelt ~h d ti 315 poundet The 325 feet va recorded by a pri re survey and Ic 111 tbe hyatioa i 1gtet ft 19lt1~300 feet bon 1_1

Ien II u[e 1964 1be niu Ilm4bo~t Oro[ril 19(4) ~1tgt44 io tbe iDi4e tover a [r~~ ~ )101lt00bullbull11 ip 1Itt1gtamp~40 COVDt u ~iq tb billgten lillt ill Florw YQH t l ri ~ trdi~u Uia ItitelOeD[ bull laur poIll corr~tly pla~i til bill l ti in VtO CoDy It J4~ f jut lOIIb of tb tOlm r Lt

1lorio-Lanltl of 30000 Lou

P tJp ~ce alLre rJ ~iiH pout of tbe Unery of 110 i41 it dDe _ II tbougb Florid b u leut 30000 IL Pat of thio jlIIshycepiolO _ be bull reampOlt 01 tbe land~p of 1liampo n~ctI1rly te the Lou lio1 OhIO tllere re _1001utiol Igti lIqy of tbe lt1 tooe the tu tAb1 ltIu itt lt11) S_ proUmiddot40 1gt11_ tb t Ubh ael 1 re lell po eot tlteo Durin tb tt 01gt of ltbe yHr tbee d~re io conti atr but ltluri amp lti_ Qf lt18 wbc the et tobh e1rop tbey 10 trlDdo~~ utIgt gey IOlldbullbull IDd bull-ti ~ce pleUly dty

10 1969 tile FlOtiltlo Bon of eon doo e1 tbe diucti of hnltlolpb IIltgtdge publibeltl tbe Gazetteer of nori4l utu (Flori41 Boarltl of Con io 19~9 Thil luetteer li[I lphobotieoIl _d tr1 ptineil rh-shy ui 11 of t~ ( Il-1er 111 Ugt 1101iltlo t~ lb topog~plli~ b of tb tIS Geololiul Sunr y lt1 _d hkolli~1l t llt 1(1 creo or 10 i Tban 7112 lit lifted amplid their iEU gd fr _ ne to ln -loH -illio1 Lob Ouectoo_ i ~ 41I~

eAt 01 hit 7712 lu-4 b arllrn trebtlllrflU io lb Cnitlllltl Stlte Ult i 10~te4 entirdy vitbin _ ut-738 lt11gt1n

n St Jcolgt lliver I lO1lg lgtampeD docribelt the only QII i ble rie _tolly t1li hie tlnite4 att tIIu flow lIoOEtll Tor _y it shy_d tht tbitu i L ujlIIcuHy orhelto J~ K 11 itln4ed it ip b~ 1cto ttl (no nori (IIo11eD 19J8) 1be trutb i we thi ~fet

i yet otber lIb co~ig Florida tht _y PIle till believbullbull fJgtere or _t I rieu i ue tlo~ted Stllte U t flow flOrtb 11 tb_ tho Tu 11lt1 lt1 Ydl_O[o

n uaiqoe ampapeCt of the St John lliet i dlllt it n tbrd for rly 200 ile utirdy vitbi one tted tllar i -lt1 Iill J tb 10 fel bo ld 110 otr river ill the tlllind Sellt con eq l tbo t o fut r n 10111lt1 flilgtamp cloucteritic d o Pol - peopl ttl bltHeve that it rao _t 1gt0 nil1 pbill hi hll~y protJblr orishygi teltl i the colloq ial 1_1gt111 of _y -rico hagtI the JliI~ODcPshy

li that lIP i Portll lt1 - i lb oIIftl uosupbicolly lip i y f 111lt1 Wlt i eowultl tbe hr of httlgt

ldu 111lt1 i lgtO igtlcrect nftl tbogh y ptltgtph belive tlgt Tbi i cifllly tr COIICrnt8 tbee font i[I~ do 1gt0~

ltliffereat plyicol fa~r f FloricLo Tbe f cU are know 4 it it that tb litu~e lt1 conv~ tiltJD coerlliq 1101i41 teflect die t it tioo

Cooke 11 ad A_ J 1IaIl 1943 The St Job A Parad of Divuity II lt aH_ and Ilihart

florida Board of CoDaatio 1969 Flori Latebullbull lalla

Kordbullbull All 1963 The Florida 1IaIlboo~ 191gt3-1964 TaUhan Piular Pu1olibiDamp Co

blllen Jnb K 193amp Facta to In florida JackeovilL Syndict

_ -

The P S G ~tuZatee EdJtnd Yengtadbull lt7oridJe State Geogpaphel

_I ~bO

~ tit_ o Sc1oft __11 oJro

n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-

_~ ~~-Fr~~middot=~-r~ ~ too _ ~ _Ill L rlop1

_aor tAn ~ with -ropllgt-bull uol-nq b l1raquoJ 0 --~ clgtuoetrtti 01 1 ~ r~e i Jraquo p He totgtoltgth OR 0_ Qf ph turd t - ~ 1 thipbull

~l1o_ of r=lt H~ or bullbull ono41 to o rluri FJraquorii1o Stot - I 1- ~~ to _ p-rc rot lt~ohip 100_ bullbulln_ la ltILl ~r t tr o to _110111

P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~

ThoCoogtfol __tln 1ltQo146l3middot3ffi

to

------------

JUItt A 1IEXIfM FUCI

l~ltil Ht I ~h~ ~ t~ hi of t ceDt l Flori thot nh popub Ittuio niM IorH IPCD tbe De1tOlll ~ IlIld ~d1 s c~ Ctr C 11 bull _II bullbull1-10001 qah o-mit tMt i bull - of dgte nu bull re i2lcntiq TllIl ttl_te ea p ie the Lolut -ait of 5piri liete per pit in h b 01 e of tile oldu ill ti JZH nth hiet d-Itilli bot to th bt Dimeth teJlshytil (IoIrdtr IIlItchiUI~ lill(l 1 ii) IeUectiq lb_ the _it ltliffe ia 1 phyeid tIl intTNl ltIarhi tra frCOl other mi te (If _ubI eize

fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl

_no Siritudi_ ill the USA ie 11 eceribatelt to 1gt 101 eieteu of IIyd-leyil1~ B_ r1lt wbltgt iA l84amp t_ 4 the _14 vith h shyhhtu -iutiOl1 nth the dooeltl (1Iamptltl14 1979 15) I tbe 1810 bullbull the pClpdluh (If amppiritli_ bod teerctd Ut~tnl ltI bull If ailshyUou surto (lIqi Ull3 p 83) uttteltl thtltlllibout the coaat1te

few otb~t Spiritualiot c_niries th~ oldest and cst notlt1le beiK the Lily nole AubLy of Cusadaga in II York state aDd ClIIIlP Cb terheld in Indiana (amporrold 19J9 preface)

TltgtltIay autOlllobile ampIper stickers and tee-bin corry the 81on Cauadaga--just a d= place a play on ords sioce CassedallOa ia a ploce for di in tb Spiritualiat defioition of the word A huodred or re member of the ca~ity including haler ampIediUamplo nd pychic prctice andor profe their belid in 5piritualio1ll (Mthers 19S1 p I-B) The poshypuhtion of the incorporaeed village fluctutU frDll about three to five hred lIIllaUy iddle-age to lt1d11 residenU eeflecting the aeuoual imshypact of viitar aud touriu (Kaedebeck 19E12 p 73) Pr id Doecemher chrouBh Kaech Cdgs beCOlllU a lively mecca for the blage of poundpiritualioc viitora trOll allover the USA and abroad

C dalla h io y vay the story of an~ mon George F Colby hach lor t cher leuurer footer porant Spiritualit vho arrived on this aite in 187~ According ta l gend Calby as pirinbullbull lly inspired to found a relisia rlaquoeat in the viUrneu (Southerland 1972 jl 28) He a born in Pike II York in 1548 Hi talent a bull medium urhced so he entered hi teenage yero and hi reputation as a popular peker aDd Spiritualit spread He travel d etenaively in the tat and Midve9t aDd boeshyce a faorite in upnate II Jork at th CassadaBa Lake Feee Associatioo (today naampl the Lily Dale Ably) Ezperiencinll frequeut ill health Colhy v dvied to seek a IIOr favorble climate Accordiug to legend Colhy vu in Ioa cond~cting a seaoc hn Seneca an Indian spitit snide vith hDll he bad previously be io contatt dir cted hi to rendeHoll iu Eeu Clire Viconin otith the T C Cidding faalily There both re inoteucted hy ~S_oa to travel 0 florida to eHablilh bull Spiritualist OUtpoH In 11l7~

Colby Cidding no others left fr~ the r in Cities arel of ~inneota nd traeled via train aouth through Chicago Loui ille and ntgOllery then dovn the Chctahoochee by boat iUld finally once e hy tcai frDll Tdlabaoaee co JI~kaonille There follovinll a brief layoer Colby and a f folloers Igtltgtarded th ot boot T~e VoZi-a Iiled aouth to Blue Spring nen OraDge City Florida and callpod out on the rheC haok unaware of th ir negtt move During the night Seneca one re appe d to Colhy aDd r~shy

ahd a viion in vhich a -aLL cltJIIIIIIUDity of Spirituahota that vould aOllleday e a ampreat earniog cnter for he faitb1ul ould gtol eat blhd n entaI Florida Sharing the revelations wirb Iia folloveu Colhy aod ashyaocistea tralrltled the nexc day Ira 1IU1e vagon to the ite that today i Ca das Here Seneca and Colby re aatidied that this woo the place (larcher and Hutchinon 1980 pp 67-8)10 deference to the loltte of hi erlier Spirit~alilt uecee and alao beeauoe of cl0e gographic aimilarity the area D8Ilgted edaga hy Colhy as it reminded him of he pine hhffl and a obain of several ll lake in th eanadaga Hills are of Ii Jork (Vallace 1972 p ai

Colby lruilt a hOlllt adjcent to bull lake later ned iu hi honor aod there be Ihed ltgtIlt hi life raising fitteen heleal chitdeen orking in the Iber buin and tively purauing hil interests in Spiritualilm Today hi b vacated for yeau nd_ daterioreting liIIlid bull dense thicket of tr aDd dergrtll adding a fuether gothic reference to the alredy haunting eaputtion of the co_ity

Colbya deeS of a SpirituaUat center IIIterialiud in la94 when he enshycouraged a group of prOllinent northern Spiritualiats to lettle on his proPfrshyty thereby fOUllding the Southern Cudag Spiritualiot C p Meeting Anoation (Harrold 1979 pp Zl-22) Onty the year before Spirituali ha~

boe accepted a a bona fida reliiion in the USA hy Consres (Jarcher ad Botchinao [980 p 69)

In Ja9S he deeded a tract of thirty-tive ereo to the Ao~iatioo thereby tahlihins the cUlpit of tltgtltly (Southern Cdaga Spirituotiot C_9 Meeting Abullbulloeiacion 19JJ-M p 1) ampecord indicate tht Colby died -shyQr in S9iritualiat enol passed olr r to the othr side - in 1933 in nearby Doe1and and vas uhbullbull~etly buied i a 11 o t ry hetween th ~-Jnishyti of Lake (telen and Cta4gbullbull

LoeHed bltt_ Orshylaado aad Dayt web CcLg lie OD CowHy Iloood 4139 ill veatel1l Vobui County Like che co-mity iUdf the pbyi l tti i bullbull ly for tbe regioll ~ bill bded b- thick eer of ull piDe tDIshy

pbogtr _4 b 4rape4 witb ~Dh ampIt vell shy_rou cobkge paw rece bull cLrt cool liq tllat i in nriting coDtrt to tbe brigbt bullbullUDDy fhtueu 0 eb bull part Df tbe flO1icL tereotype The 1 4 Ilope eurvar4 dovD t r4 _ t 1 late 4 poD4 _4 pvropriacely Spirit P01ld ~ Colby d lOid4ingi wke

cdag c04y i cwo illag pauted pbyshyicUy 4 piritually by the _i creec eb Darrow two-I County Iloood 4139 The DltlD-SpiritDliat part of tllo co-micy i Dltlrtb of tbe bighwy vbile ampCrO tbe atreet i tbe SpiritDlht cagtapite Tbe rllaractn of th ~ity

i 1IOpound1cte4 b- ic ruishy4t 1Obo Iiv ill r lcive Ilaraouy bull at of tgto- at Irca FloricL 4 ueigbogtri

~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~

bull c _ _ bull _ HO

~ bullbullbull_ o ~

O bullbullbullbull ~h~middot bull c__ bull yen

Fig 2 ccLp Strec PhD

attel othuu It tbe 0 S at d lIlilttvet The -Spirit Ut shyidellc IOU laptit 4 Kiocb04iat lii1l8 ill - eDty boou that r bullbulleahl ot r old coafortbl rlodcL rural ~bullbull Like it Spieir lir coUZltrpatt cb area i i e billy 4 woo4ed Wicb cbe ptio of bull t~ lie bauu tb rea 4 Hr ctDru r iD relati aly UDcbaDaed 1

flectilli rottDctiOD of tb 1920 alld 30 bullbull A ru-ber of tbe ruideDc IOrIO _ployitd io ebrb- villge of We Helet tbe ril plt while otbshyer YOtt at a arity of jok tefhetie of y _ll tllnl

ACto the ottet io tbe Spirit_Iiat ~it -ith try bete rva bite _ther4 CODcret pillau tbet fotaetly upportr4 iro ptel affor4shyiIlg ce uideDt vrivcy bull tbe pru IOrIO lPOe 4 pychic beleu aa4 _4i Iiv inide OD property d b- rbe Sotberu Cdqa Spiritudit e-p KiotiDg AuoeitioD aeideDU t k toekholdera iD tbe Auoritioll aa4 leue vroperty l1y ftor Iliety-oi yer peri04 To _Iify for uicLDe ODe at hin ~eertifitioD~ ia tb Spirit_Iit fiald tboh u4ercL ec by the OCiaCiOD Moat reoiltlftlta balollg to Colb- i1 I_pl tbe OIlly dtllrh OD tbe cagtapic ~y 1cLrly icLIlc tirelt Ottgte adurci tblteir opertibullbull via _11 ip tU froDta of tbir cottshy_au eDltI live 011 iur_ frOil reltli to both erbullbull ltiGobcera 4 tbe cioua vho atop b7

ta

the c_pit~ i Iq_r~ in abap~ and u pbttltl in bull cpCt fanhin MVeD tr~~t Bou ~1DIl~r bout liny ultl _y rebl n 01 shyIbiqled II Englnd ~ch-styIe tMtgelbullbullleb teply icliltl tin roote typicl of Flat ida cooltruction lecule of th~ prvloc of moquitoe frOD tb erby lbl Icr~ltl-i porcbeo r _ lI rro oak-lineltl Itrt inltl 41 tr tb p etItretlt to tbe cburch 1 bore of Spirit POIIltl lIoan-covereltl tr colorful nee bedl etId gravl lk 0101 cbtII At tbe far eod of tb Cplit 0 knoll oveeloolriIlB Spirit POlld i large vbite to-story Iou tb t nr the librry for tbe lItio l Spiritnalit AaocitiOll of Churcbel The cOllttioo pecilizes i public shytiona 011 Spirit_lid rbted lubjec eIIltl i ilable to reoidellu alld at denta of tbe faitb

the buio ar ofCdgs il limit d di ted by tbe Cuadg Botel Thi forty-t roOD t-tor peudo-Koditecr e structur of cilldshyr blocka built in 1927 rplcing erlir ode botel bicb aI 01shytroyd by fir n pre t hotelry i cr -colored stucco itb bull lo s porcb 01 lrs icker rocker Severl otbr large tructur cluster ner tb hotel and etrllc rebullbull jut iIIide tb umpsite mly the Andre Jckao tlni Uectio l lluildillS HanlOlly Hall 001 8riSb Ran - n ef vbicb u of rly 192C vi tg Th former W1med fter 19tb century myshytic l pbiloopbr and writr i bullbull lizeble ooe-tory wnic fr e atructur t~t unr an bull eting ~11 Ind leming cntee ne ltter tWO building botb bit oltl n t-tory rid tial tructur froted itb cred-i porcb _r tmilt by th Auocitio as erly bordillll bouebull Tody more tbaD izty yr latr botb till rve bullbullbull bullbullonal 01 yerly reide ce for Spiritualitbull OD tb nortb lion-Spiritualist ide of tbe street re everl _11 buin tb groery beuty saloo nd pot offic The tavern shycntty ltlesttoyltl by fire of mylteriou origin bad 101lll servd re for ial LOhang fot both Spiritulit and no-Spirit lit resident It Mre pr unc U oiderd bull nniunee toome of the more connrti _~u of tbe c-nity and an uo ineatigtion i currently in progre

viit 1 rive by thoubullbullnd ecb yr ekig Iluidnce Spiritnalit i pirtio til ther bullbullolitude 01 community In the 1930 bullbull Cltl Ilbull reeeivil iternatiolLll notice f_ondiUIIitered nd beld hiably-puhliciaed ece bere nil golde age for C dg led to 0lIl trudul t prcticn a chrhra 00 occbullbullioo prodnced 01 e pbotoirpbltl pirit fra ~yond (Sint Peterburg Time bullbull 1981 p 8) E~onr of uch prctite resulted ie drle publicity 01 brollllbt irrepble barw to th reputtion of the COBmMDity and it reidentl Repoundctio VI ift ~e ti shyHc tion t dard ere tregtbltod tbill tb c_p 01 incer co cert ltl effort _de to rutore legiti_cy and codide ce to c-wlity 01 profe shyinn

Tody C d1jS cotilluea to nnr r id u and foUowera by bltlatillg tiolLll regional 1 locl Spiritlit cOllhre cea bullbullnd providnamp c shyforthle ttlnt for tbo wibinl to retir i Florid ill rehtieclushyion itb eilhbor of imilr ~liefo 1101 iotereaco It i ve y cb p shyive reclnive city wbicb ttompto to avnid publicity 01 i th antitheshyi of _ y otber reliliou group tbt IlIgruivly 01 d falLltic lly ezpre their ~liefa ith iuiouary nolo Cdg prefet to linger ill the ~41bullbullbull

Skepticbullbullnd 1I0-helievers mock tbe c-ity the t of the hvshyiq dead or the towtl th t tlka tn tbe der depoarted but hultby corioity r inbullbull It i utimated tht u _y as OOOO viitorrri nally frashyn part of the nntry to cOlllllllDicte itb the dud Dr to ecive reding haed on patron nr or pirit nersY (Tother 172 p shy2) It may ~ Spoo1ltto to e but it i b-bullbull ihle ~ity 01 bull relilio haven for othero

brdebeclr 1982 Ctaga - apiritliat Mecca ate 35 70-77

brrold I 1979 Ctaga ltimi Illa loollto

Karcb r J and Butchinn J 1980 fbia Way to eaadaga Delto n obll Butchillaoll Productiona

Katbera S 1982 Sciellce COllIes to Caataga Orlando Senti Star (11 uary) p l-B ~-J

Saio eterobutriau 1981 Capturillamp apirit eaaaadaga bull Floridian 25 Ocher) pp 8-12

Soutberland L 1971 ne tOVll of tbe liing dead eqJecta otber liely bull Sai Oteraburg Ti_bullbull (ne Horidian 19 her) n

Soutberu caataga Sliritliat C_I Meecillg Juociatioll 1983-amp10 Il-tietb Juuieraary Brocb

wallace 1917 ChalIge defied in apirit liac hnu ne Little S~ti l (27 OCtober) p 3middot

Yotber- J 1972 Tilly tauataga ca ali lor camp Orlapdo Seatillel Stat (17 Jany) p IImiddot

nUTlVE GRCJVT1l A5D DISfiUlJrlOIL Of f1OIlIDAS EtJllOPEAll lOU

i

F1ltbulli4 f an -igt atte ruta lrgely a tbe fact tht ill the ~e t1lellty-five yeua it boabullbullbarMd hun4ce4a of thoulall4a fc the CacibheaD poorticulamprly Cu1gt ace tht iDci4et ith the Gribb igrati thre quideDg of the fl of the Eucope bltlc ieo the atte Irbacea u US) theee vee oaly 75121 c i4et of tbe oCaee borD io Europe ill 1980 their nUOlbn had ci to 309362 The Eungtpeall bocn W titDt4 31 perceDt of chcte popuhtio in 1980 bull mich hrlet th th perce that European bocD WDatit4 f th popultioD of th Uait d Ste a a bol 23 peccne

1IDlik th _jtgtrity f gt-igc ea 1gt0 rc~v d fc th Gribe t live in Flttidbullbull at of che Euro bltlrn did nOt w directly Co th scte frOlO theic ~hnda l lor ahre apet their producei yara io northern aeot r Cda wt elgto tn reeice to nocida Siae EUTltp igrAeion

~ _

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to til lInited Stte in tbe pIIt ttJ yr ba beeo gre ly reduced fro- rlir yerbullbull plation fro- Europe couie vbo Live in th Uited Statu have bee gig rpidly Altbough iIopreci I ith veral eepshytio in H60 the dague to bich topeall-bor group otl nired Staru plstion h cboen to ruide ill Flori c eve illditio of )x 11 tbe IIronp h tbhbed itself eeoiUy ithio tbe ti TIli tdy fiut ella to n bulline tbe trotb io the relati e ~rtce of Ftorida tbe bo_ of ebe Europull born 1 ed to bUb ~r in 1960 _ibi the atte people fr individ l [ rope don hoIe co ctrted beyod bt 11 be predicced fro tn_iDe tbe toul p lti of tbe phte

tbe ticic u d in th tudy to date~ine tbe level of c~ellershyti of iDdi id l EuropeUl-boro In ill Floridol betn 18~O _1 1980 i tbe indeI of toDD_tratioho boorII tbe 10tioll ~tient The i deI of concntution here cOpllru the tate or individ1 city hr of the tion populatio of indiid1 Edrope grp ith the tte or iDdi~ id l citybullbulllIare of the tio eot1 popuhto In 196O for ~ple

tbre en 3J 013 people bord in the Uoited Jingd livil ill Florida or 8266 rcent of the Irop UoitedSutu pophtion 1 tbat yar florida bu ot the tioll totsl pculation vbullbull 4303 roellt 8ydividilllll norida bullbullhare of th toUl United SttU pcpultion iD-to Florida bare of the Uoited Sttu popnhtio of people )xra ill the Uited liSdo til iDde of coo tnti_ i deri ed (191) y iDoIe bove 100 ianifiu that iD tht year group avrreprnted ill the te (or city loti tht figshyr~ the grollll vbullbull derrep~~eted lde of ~lIcetratiOll re ca1c11 d for eIlty-ix guropen codntrin for the yr lS30 to 1980 (Iahle 1)

ndd --igr biatory betvetgt lS50 (tb first Ceil whicll shy_rted til forip boro b- tt) d 1900 vu typicl of other tbera natbullbull People C8le in the b~lief tht Ilorid va bullbullbull IlIlcb _ eco_ie frllllshytier tbe ti _at TILe migr_U re _illly fro ehhen ill the shytiOll md -lOt fr_ Europ Stllera tureabullbull thLy the Ctee _1 tbe SpIIird _re the OIgt-ly Europe hot bo before 1900 11y tine~ ishyhltlf- of oonc~ntntio ill Florida abo 100 h before the tah11et of tile Cud t ity in rarpltgt11 8pr poeople fro tbat 1IIIti ver bullettlis ill reltily large -hen Ionl 11id cobullbullU hte they _ily fibd In SpIIirltla bo rrived pr-rily c_~ fr Cha r fOlie O fro ue ~OI civil 1 that raged 0 that ilend tbtOugb th 1bullbull t balf of th oineshyteelltll tetllry Iloot SplloLarda Cltlllcelltrud ill I_poe 1 to bull I er ltlasree ill ltey t where _y -led ill cb tig ihllrry I til itetll Cellshytdry tbe Portuguue _1 the Iuti ere Igtotter reprutecl ill tbe ette th mot ther [uropeampp-botn IIOroP rbOllp neither up prodllced iud~ltIf-bullbullbull hrlIOe either tile Cue ar Spbullrlir ortuguee _iIy lied ill cobullbulltal tavD ampfld ~r eIlgid ill fihiDlll while diepropc-tioly hrg _be-r ot Italin Ihd in tbe atedor (Karoll _1 Or_S coUlltie) eIld Orlte~ 0 rilrod d 4rig proj cra

Floridoo aportce hoM- for the Erep~ bora did DOt relly gre _til fter World r II wbn tbe tate rota 1 platiOll ho leI bull rapid _tical iDtumiddote Althgll the do ot repltgtrt the rope_ bot b- gebullbulltrog circtanti1 idmee Opport the Igtolief tbt y of tho florid rdellt ho _r~ born in [tOP c_ to retira fro pr04llcciv livea ill othr porto ot rh tio Ibe 1990 Cll dou iDdicte tb y r tlIet the touip bor i-igrtd to tb Uite4 Stte 1 110dda ill tht year 38 reedt of 11 ro -borll r ide bad -igrted to th Uoiu~

SUtu iD 1950 or rlir _re4 to 44 pereellt far b tion Aooo-1 the t-eIlty-i idividual EIlrope_ corrie f vhieh 011 data are ihHe only the 8peieb had re yltgtuthfpl 9ltgtpulaeio livinl io Florida tball did tbe lit ire -lItion Splldih ilrtio to til trited Statu io reeet yean ba be- atOg tbe hrgeot in Erope _d _oy vlgto bave etMe hn-e cbou to go dirctly to Floridbull

further upport f the belief tllat bull biSb proport1ou of Plorida [urop boro re utiren i fd ill idetifyil111 vhre they liv Tho Cltluotiu ith th hilbot perttle of peoph 63 year of qe nd cider u

thit vbite populatioo ull hue percentge of Iuropun horn in thir white popultion far abo~e the national ~erge In the cae of Ilrobullbullrd (Fort Lauder4h--fIollood) Palll lIecb (lloc laton-tleat palll leach) Ulltl Pi ll (St hteroborc-Clenfter) over tvic the natio l veroge On tb cit lavl tbere i bullbull clo oodotion of tJgtt ropeUl horn 4 rtir__t c_itie on Plorisa Gold Cobullbullt

If ODe ccpt tbe tircuaatantial _idnc tht 1100 of Florisa EuropeUl boru re rtiren lt-aeea in tbe indegt of coucelltutiou witbiu Florid of t Eropen~born Crollpo proviclao a _unre of tbe bilit of tbeir _bero to rUin to lorisa fr eIe bere in tbe Unit4 State or CaDacla lD 1140 Spoonisa e biampbl rreprented it tbe OUh amprutl infItiamp tbe verqe indgt of coltcentrtiolt of the Southru Europan grollp of tiono [gtch4i tb Soutbern IInrope amproup the Ollited lillgdOli group of CQlllltriet in 1940 had tbe biamph~t ineo of ltollcelltenioll followed b tbooe botll il tlnte lurope d Scan411lavi Mter 1950 the flow to Florid- of people botu Ie [urope grutl iDcreaaeltl The futeat rte of grovtb of the iude v -amp tb Scndinavinbullbull followed by the Euterll [urope ~ tbe S4ivian tb Finll d Swoeltl eprienced tbe rpid illorea iD tb ir i1l4_bullbull wIlilt _0lIl tbe ultern [rope tbe ri vaa e rl eptJ_ havt collatitutedtfOl th YIampoavin the majorit of thoe who have c to FIOlida ratrn Ellrpe hot Yuotai hao v had bull lrg Jtwib poplIl ri d th ind fOl YugoIvi i bullbullon the lleat of 11 tionbull

SiDce 1950 th [urope-horn populatiouhooe concentration illde_ i Fl id- have It the towut ha e heeu the lrih Greeko Itli YuaoIino d pOltlt Tbi toIlIlIOt be nriwted to their e t ctleshy-t in otiC1Ul of tht ti r_ote frOll Florid Like oot of to ther Enrope be n thei OIiampil re of ttlt in the ion r beviest in the nortb tern tt In gret _ are it i dll to h uti d lrampe _igtion of at of the gropo frOll thir boRol d bullbull during the 1970bullbull n- _jort of _igrU ho ha e arrived hov go to the northeoern tt diminihill the rlive gtaportnce of Florida populshyio of th IIropbull

The Elltope horn he bfvttled in Flerida hve bfen hctiv i tbeir cboice ef wbr to live Tb1 2 prvide th l el f conntutieu bove 200 in 1980 for _teeu Eurcpeu~horn populatio Iii ie the rshyhampnired re of the tat St dbullbull4 tropolit Stitieol Arebullbull (SMSA) or rh ird bullbull ouide of SXSA itb popnltien ~OOOO or lag We [nrePe -horn Irup ie 1980 had onilld an indr ef c eutrtion of LOO Or tra ill SIlSf ill the t te itlterier lIDr in Jackoooil h Frthenoer fev aroup had tti d nch hiah iUd_ i citiea Oil the ottea Bertb Coolt

n hiah itld _ ef toeeentrti ha larel be confind te In Coolt d tlet C t citi clel idutified ith rtireebull Cr l aDd ampte I pe (principH J) hae become hihl eunepnnted ie citin the amp t c n puriculrl Mi_i nd crt Ladrd l Peopte bore ill tbe United poundiDampltkm iD 1980 were highl rrpreulItd n freltiuelltl witbin ifnt Cooln dri t-a tlIo th Et eaat St Peterbor in porshyticulu had prioo1l hiah in4t_ f11 fo r rellps r he United liampdOll aDd the onl cit iD Fleridith idef cenc trti ot the lrib hoot 100 Kelr amp t Cour citi bed high inde_ ef th r_ch t-a did tlet C t oiti hut th r_roe _ tr ef the tlutch

Doot for two luroPe -born popularien the Finn d the Spord ~r ilhle 001 for Flerida lorampt SKSA Snffici t dta are ilshyhI hoIrnn te utin whert tht wee t overrpre ntoeltl in 1980 III that flerida bed 117 Perceer hare ef the ti bullbull Fionih horn the _iei ti in iu lIer 101 lleoh SJISJ p iecill in he Lab tlorth-LoDt un The Snih iD 1980 were anwllol ov repruted ie the IIii SIlSf wlwr their CODcenttien prodllced an in4eil ef cencetratien of 17 ~8 III that SIlSf lid 69 PeDt ef 11 of 1rida Seiudbullbull

T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0

J gtbullbull 171 1gt 1gt Jl

05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll

Dta lor a n tducd t1Umn of tb~ Europ -bor popuhtio an aUbh fer COVIl icb populatioa bet~et1 10000 d ~OOOO porraitcil1amp t ~__ t of ~1la ch f ~h dr n ~uld Cobullbulllt (DoI4t Brobullbullltd d P_1bull bull ncb co tiu cbo lor douild ~i tioubullbullluce in 1980 the relliou coutid 44 perceut of tb tnlf [uropea-botu (rhl ) rtw -i_tio li h~d to f~ groupbieb tog tbr conatituted 66 percnt hr of tb Gu16 Ct uroVtl hor people iu ~ermlY th lIuiud JiUld It_I Pld aDd the tlSSR The Pold and tI~n bortl verlf -bi 6 i~ ~ nlf Jih d er~ ditribctlfd in tb _e _ut

t_itiU -ith high indlf of eotlclltntioll of people boru in the U ited Jillgdo- te hlttibutd itlf ~tJ throolbout thlf ltold COIt rrthlfraor tbere i littllf diffrce betv co_itieo iu Ill 6elTP of ~rr~preleutti C~itiith bilh coc~ntrtio of thue borD iu l~-u- ~Te oul dilbtlr 1bullbull ~91- diltribut~d th~ thou hre people freM tbe Uuited linl4ltgta an errlfpreaeute6 Tho cobi 4 olanCl and SSI boru voII bullbull thoe born i Itl- _r o~rrepruutd in _cb f_u _tie

bullbullbull

tolllUNrTleuroS 1000lt) C~ I4(IRf OH THE fLORIM GllLO COAST WI1rc~ IN 1~80 HAD

AT LEAST ONE EUROPEAN BOUI CRCtIP AllNG A SELECHO FOUR WIT~ AN IHOEll

OF CONCENTRAT I 011 Of 200 O~ HI GIIER

Cunities Lisud from South Nonh

~ Old I

c c- b - 000_ -00_ KI_ on 0 I ltott bull OJ ot bullbulld

B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0

ro ~ ~ 00 0 -dl c T_ LltI_no lth lkt_bullbull 00 -f1 gt0

plm aoco f_

toy 00 loT 11000 c bullbull10 ~ 000lt 1 Il

OoOOh] I~

Inde~ Concentration lt bull bull lt

s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h

OS86 es 16 1 0 111~l )l 116 bull 11 ~a6 2 2 il 11154 1)l 2 J ]l 6$ 1~1

J068~ 6 22 bull ~o 16~ IIl 2Z bullbull i 1 9iI gt06 lO bullbullbullS 2B J2 J65)1 22 middotll 112 l1ll~ 61 5 j Sl ) )1

Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1

]28 J 11 11middot J I J gt11 a 6 5 1bull middot76 810 J )5716 5 2 iG llat a50 11 61 1 5

l ) ] S1 J 6 161 1 ~05 0 0 l 1J llmiddot 11~ io J j 116 J JI oin 16

1slll I ~1 16 1 IG 7 bullbull S t as 68 ~ 2ll 1oa ase lJOll J I 186 1l71 liS rs ~ Jll 6 n ~ J76 S~ e

112~nj 1 1Z ~J lll J J el 2)1 J_ll~e 218 186 2 ae l )shy J6 G amp bullbull J16 2l1 1 l 1B 1 11 3-1 ll 1_ J 7 J20 16 ~ 6e J J 1 1bullbull T~ S05 J7 10 a S ll l~l Ll l JJ JS62 16 I ee 2a 2gta 270~8 j 6 lJ I 0 212 6JJOS 10l 160 180 1)7 10 1 106 87 1 1 1 1 j l j66 ~ Il I bull 111 1bull0

6 t

than lttitblttr thltt c~ny or 1Inired ling4 born be Jib retir_t ~ _itie of the Col Coon i4eutifie4 OD Tble 3 by c_itiu itb Large rcentgn of oph 6 yun of ge 4 older bere oph bot i llIDd or tbe USSR re t-ily DurrprueUd are _ily fd iJgt Mrtbe Dade CouIlty lIrOWard CowIt 4 tlier ill ortbern PI_ lIutb C t (Ceut ry Vinge) It _igbt boo 44ed tbu tbu -itiu bue the gop-bor 1Iere biabl errprcted udted the Cold COfIit i 1910 bur _rIO t cophelt in tb tlnd tbeir iuhabitllDU ere identified ly in tb COshyt du

be EurplID-born pclnhtion of ilori4a b gr_ rapidly inc 10 Vboereu i 19Si1 tbe att lib t ill rbe 6rb ba4 f Euroampll-borD po tht re erreprue ttd by 1910 _r _r Utb-ab th lIVideDce i cir~t_tid the poavtb iD rlti iIopgtrt ce f _y EIIIID-bor Ir witbi the rUe i prieipally tbe rnolt of tb rtie fro 101shyu La the _rio r Caude 610 EIIopeampll-bor grp bae tftD -n u~shy

eeufol thampll orben i enblibint tbellaeL i ebe nu but f erop toda u Imoderupreaerd SiDe e the Ale diatributi= of tilt foreip bar i Mt krbullbull _ can =ly bull noie by there i bullbullneb riati It pr e til tbe delree of gilll ong tbe riou EoIl-brll grop Tbon bieb re gi d 1orel to lek f y replee_t fr the JweIlIDd trshyquently bae diprllpclrti _t l t-rle n_ber bo ba rlttired to Fl iw

Meat e irin in bieb tb guropellD bor ba t _ erreprnllDud re ituared ala tbe et IIDd nt cobullbullu of tbe tbern baH of tbe i shyle Cindy Jloti4a b Mt boollD bull -Iring pelt tor the g ojgteampll born Gp bave tded to tQllelltrte in urti -itie III e cae Igtowltover tbir et 1 ua ba e boo i ffiei t for tlwa to bave lID shypact upeln lbe landc e-mili eb bullbull llIbullbullrylrt bullbullettl_t iD Hernando ~ltIIl ty W1tb v1ubl Caeb el_t (Ste IIDd Iebal_ 19(2) re ltIpti l d 8bull -ralLy it Id iapouibh ft the iual idee to ideutify ber Euro -botll POP re il_ted rbe t eopolllD bo bo _ to Floriw rlLy hre long eu iJlilted into th _tion evlture Jltb IlSb _beu of tbeu erOlp teDd til tQeeurrate in urti citiebullbull eDd in ca itbi ereill MctioM of eirie eatgtept tlaquo their clnb 01 OIIlt Iftbaie ~rcil enablibMDta tbeir i little lIVillftlea t thair prshyMDce

Sillte fr 7u _at lurejgte1lD POOlP itbin the IIllited ttat bave e blOC abh to replae their IODIber reelueed by detb thrab t-itrati ft their JxgtelllDd ueir pelp htiOD bae teadily qd h bull EntciII1I-barll poop lJn _n7 -a the pop laeiOD deet not iw ntir_t Jwe It i likel that fy the 1990 ten the fUt will the Jwe f bull luan ban of tbe _boor f t group thllD in 1910 ertbelbullbullbullbull eau of lbe Ero1ID grop lllebouab F1ltriw bullbullbarf will riM tbbullbullbohgtte tIeu f thobullbull Li iua itbill the nte ill deeH _ill lbir rele in bapit tbe tate eaLtrlll eui_ot

it_re oe-y 11 bullbull Jr 1ID4 S~l_ Barry J bullbull Jr 1982 llolrt bull bull lletf 1 etbit eeegt-Ut be Iloriw cgrapber 13-16

IltlIUllcum BAZIoIID8 PEIlCUTIOIIJS OF nv 1mIE0000000S

111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr

thI cauce of ~r to bull n rd-praue re to uch nurd i of tOniderhle int t to leoerph nd plIDnert In the id 1970 it t uti_ted tnt OI1r 75 percet of the popuhtion on the AUantic nd Inlf COllar nd _lOr e~rienced _jor hurricne (hrbert nd Taylor 1975 p 9) Tbi COllard popultion zuhaelftently gr_ rapidly lDd n Jaker (1979) ettit that 1 lbn 10 Ircnt of the _atd rui44nu bve ekperienced a jor burriu Tbu it i not nrpriillJ tbt Vith the rpid buildup of popuhtioll ill cobullbulltd re concrnt are Iring tht hurric diarer ishyOII) illl thoubullbullndt f cauoltiet y be in the the nation not-o-diatnt lshytllre- (Baker 1979h p 9)

Contiderhle iteret b booID ekpreued i tn Ircepti of new iUPrienced reidIDt of their vulnerhility Kodd of adjuac nt boohvior indte tbt lIitigzti actiltl reault fter a population Irception of a b rdou ent b ched thruhold (lat 1971 p 446) he the shycebullbullity lor pereptiOll rh

Banrd perception b booeD ltl4fined by Mileti tlrboollt and a (1975 p Z3)

an illdividnal IIIlderarndil of the charcterd relevance of bull baard fltlr elf IlAdor c_ity the perception _y inClude nomiddot eiltlnbullbullbout peed ltIf onaet amplt11 intenity duratiltln fr q_ncy t pord apacing canl _chi d predicthility

Geolrapher bve recltlpized tbt _nal inhahitiDu re -ere _are ltIf the cltlbullbulltd flltlltgt4 ha rd tbn are nrhan chrel1era Oll river floodphin (Burtltlo nd latea 1964 p 384) d that reaid nu ltIf riltlo cobullbulltl cOlBlllJlitiu differ in thir perceptioe ltIf the hurriune thrut (Baker and pno 1974 p 34) SltlciltlIlt1liu bve 44cribed the develo_t ltIf ndibullbullbull ter cu1ture n nl 10- reidene (Moore 1964 p 195 abora 1970) d never ident b boon obetVed to boo -ere likely Co evacuot in the hce of ato (lfilldh_ lOt aI 1977 p 30) Tbia paper vhich _inez b rd perc ption _01 recent boaIeovuero of the Lover Florida Iey i bullbull follow-up tltl earlier tndi (Crou 1981 Cron 19amp1)

a-e-ra in the Lover laybullbulltudy area (t to thirty-fie ile lOut of Ley lleat) -bo purcnd tnir -e bootveom JlDuaty 1980 lDd Auguc1982 re Hed quaatiOUDllire in Augut lDd Sept_boor 1983 the beilht of th Ilurricnencn hponu _re rec ived fr Z37 idiiduoh a 68 percut reaponH rate

The Lover Iley 9fgt percent of hich lie bool th~ Ii foot ntour b cf the PUtut proboohilitiu ot wing hit hy buuialU cf lDy are in the Uited Stnee thee ialIDd nve Ufni c~d hurric o-cc~ _lOry ee year th~ ~rase (8ia11on lDd li~hI H8l p 272) bullbull_erthl~n inCI tbe urIy 60 t- the Florida )ey _ ~ crucllt three ti_I thi rea

b IIgt uaclthed altbouah it n booen thrteaed hy tot1l in tw t _ ft t y-ar bullbull

PereeptioD of iu_ ViJgtd and Ploodi

Mot Dn r iWllU appear woe11 ard tlwt tbe rea ltUI epett h bullbull t cae burriu_ toa withiD tbe _rt wede ID repoM to the q nioD bull lihl do ou thi t it La tber bull dalampail hoIrriea will oeelr withill tbe toer Florid 1[ clDriDB the _a 10 un 64 pereellt of the Dn toshy_ra iJgtdieatd tlwt it ver like1 or ftlikeIft OnI 0ee pereellt bullbullid il very llIlikelft

The iIIport ee of the burrieane hIIzard to the _r boueholda ill the 1983 Itlld greater tbaD tbet dietDlted iD bull 1976 e (Cro 1960) or a 1982 retu e of IOIIg-ten reid U (Cro 1983) Of tbe Dn rfiwDu 713 peret felt tlwt barrie_ illd re either bull ~j probl or ft~hIIt bull probl to their bouhltgtIda while 0111 S7 ret tated tlwt muiea_ villd vot a prohl_ at aUft (r-bh I) Their duatiOll of tbe burriuna e d floodi lwurd arl a bip tbeir COllemiddot aboat hIIrriuna lIdbull yenbell eopared vith otbar prohl_ ithi tbe Lcgtoor 1bull iDshyelDdillg h ltline it a tbe Mht of hip and hl-i prbal di shypoul polie cd fire protKtiOD ter appli cd qlliter 20 pereDt of tbe rupolldta f lt tlwt rri -woere tlle t iaoportut prohshy1_ to their ebolda III tbe 1976 1 tbaD 10 pert of the nshypoDdeD epru ltl thi OIIetll

B=riane Ve bull d Floodi

Maj Ptltlh1 (II 1 ) 64378 611 nu Sevlwt a rohI_ (II 1 ) 100 - IU s 96 417 Mill Prohl_ (II 1 ) ~J 1 230 55 1 239 lot ProhI_ t 111 (II I ) 13 I 057 18018

lev to- r bullbull altbolb re tbet burria are poaihIe do 1I0t eOllaider their IoetiOD klre lwurdo tbaD other eo tal IotatioD (Thh 2) 11 711 percellt of tue ~u felt that the toer Ire 11 litel to he hit b burri were other Ioe io doug tbe Gu1f d ltlalltit t bullbull 1Wo-third of th r iDiDamp h__n tted tbat the b lwd a 11 probabilit of pperi_eiDamp hllrrie fIllt bull treaCer probahilit - eooopcred ith other 10etiODa doug tlw Gulf d utatie _U of th uslaquo bIII eooopcriol tbe _I_rahillt of the tou Florida to propert -I ahoud a lnrrriea_ _nl hIIlf (47 bull1 pereellt) of the Dn to-o_r eopeeted toase _1 to tut bieb other _tal loetioa _ld operielle lIowfter 34 perct t lt thllt bull hllrrie ill the Ie Iaa-re likel to eIIM ~seft eopand itt 181 pereellt Ibo epeeted le toase On the loel ele - bullbullted to eoapare the burrie _lrahilit of tlle Lcgtooer Floriw 1[ Iith loetioa ill tbe Kiddle and Upper Florida 6361[_ peret of the ~r JlOtida 1[ DnCOMU teh that the --e equa11 likel

za

PElLCEPTIORS or AURUCampn USB III flI LOWEll noUIlI lETS CQfIPARED TO flI ilISI III OtRU COASTAL LOCArlon

------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY

Cpard witb otbr Ioeadoa t tb llf d thtie Cl)uts of tbe OS do yu beshyIiev that tbe LI Florida Iey bullbull1 IIOt 97

18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy

Cpar d itb tber loutioa along tb Culf 01 AUtic c t8 f tbe US do you beshyli tbat bull burrit bitting tbe Laver

eo 3401

187

iu 4721

Florida ley would be IDOre 1 or Iually Iikdy to Cauae property -ge

Cpaaltl itb louti a in tb Iti~~h and I1ppor Loya do you beline tbat tb Lower ao Florida ley aa re leu or oqually a51 2101 amp361 likely to ffer burric -ge1

t affer bulricae -8e tbe otber u of tb ley Tvty-eigbt porshyCe nted tba tbe Laver Itey ere Ie vu1lgtuhle 01 85 percent felt that tbey _re re likely to uffer -ge In 11 pretest of tbe nrvey quutinire itbin tbe Itiddl rlorida Loy aaHr reapoaea ere obtaind

Perception of Flood I)-a

TIle porceilred ptgtrtauce of hurrica wind nd flooding bazarda to tb hauaebnlda aa ignifieatly reIted to the I id oto attitude co shycerning b tbe -ge lurbility of tbe Flolida ley compaud itb olther c-atal Ioctio (Tble 3) For eUlple 41amp percet 1)[ cbon ho felt tht

hurric ill tb lteYbullbullre r likely to ene -ge t d lthac burriene floodinJ jor probI io living in tbe Co ely amp28 percent nf thoe 0 tgtoeowuer who ch~d tbat tbe Iteybullbullre leu likely to receive -Ie i dicted that burriulle 11oltgtltlil either ior pfobl or not bull prbl_ c all

ODe half of tboe reidents bl) belived tbt bnrriosn are 1 likeshyly to crib tbe Iey thaD otber r felt tbc burricne floodinll i ither ot bull prohl or i or robI I contr c bull ng n ~eOyenller bo i_1Od tbe ley Iually Or ore libly to be bit tbn otber coastal nbullbullbull leu th bull quarter bad aueh erceptioll ahout tbe importaoee of hurricane fIoltgtltling to tb ir bouebolda

laHar ttiotical ociation exiat bet_en the perc ptioll of oew haeeowDer bont tbe port ee of tbe hurricane vind robl d tb ir pershyception ahont tbeir Clt rtive lllerability tD contal no -ge nu tbe anitnd bicb eaidc ~e ltone rnil bov tbeir baIard egtltpoare ~re witb tbat in ocber toatal location ar of igificance in tbeir poreetiooa of tbe importce of tbe haurd to tbeir hauebold wUhi tb ir ~ r

---------------------------------------

----------------

topound) _lloJd ~_ lpa1 ~~nnq HlI1nltraquo ~ 111 Jnll7n on lJiOCb iIIalnol 1 CgtqA 1P~A1P1 l~l WHP 10 1oq~lV ~ln-l POOU 10 pal O(IrgtlImiddotI 10 101 10 1~ PA~Iigtd _-0lt1 -shy0 111amp pupo l1l~~l lOll poltb 111 = 01 10 panogt tal1n1[ uoll I I 11 PH _l11nl 111 11 1011 -1-111 11 00 Q96T 1 dl P 111 DO([

luna _lunq paltai _II 8pound61 1 pgtlIiOpob oq tftlplAllU] 11

1_ 1-1 Mnolllob 11gt04 11 (6l61 -001) 1--0 1bullbull-00 iO _11 -1 -1 Jl-ltgtpodoN11P bullbullll VpoU 11 01 11111~1 middotponp _llOO ~ Pln0l 011 tdz 1 01 10-V lP 11 101 ~1

u adn Praquotlj pUgtalth Ilt llll l~ 1IWlt[1 nt(1 unSH 1ih0lHl middotloqt 10 dl ltIl _111 1 Pollladgta au o~ 1I~pa -p~~oll ~a a~ 11~~ u-q _ I~ 10 piI~_~ pall

W~~JnH I~~O ~a~Jadgtil

middotpnJJp ~1Jml O~ nlDltlltl J~I~)O AJHIual al~ 10 p-t u o-j 0 al~ plII 11deg-bullbull IpoltllJ PIII pll~ bull ~i 10 Plu ~lIap~ I~ = 1 1 i OP -q01J_I61 1_~lJJ_J J-J111I11S middotu_ J JX_ 11 lhIp lll1 uom ~~n 8_p _ 111 1t~ 01p bull J 1 _O~-~I lnoq =~1Iltn 1_8 pltb O J lV1l1 1 lin 1011 OP ~1 1 bullI lH11 middotPIO al O~ puzvq 811pooH to p all~p -I nlu 1 ul1od 1 Il~A pUrJo lnVJl_l 1011 pp 111 11 lIIlO all~1nl Ill-p bull 10 lIOJ_1Jltb~l AalI U

~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~

OmiddotOM0middot0111 0middot001 (I II)OI u 1middot101

-------shy ----------------------------~----------

Itmiddotg 1601 0middot0 (1 I III s s o 1l1 1bull 11deg _ degIl

Irmiddotn 16middot 11 I9middotH laquo II) rz sr _1qor 011 l 116 Ica 6middot1 laquo II) cs cr _1q0lo bull I-S

rc-11 0middot1 9middotrv ( I III

_tqolo 10[11)1 V

bull ------------shyPP11I0l axv -lIboJ OJ( J g~poOtol plI UUI a~OH q111 11~ 111 I

---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J

SAD VI1Il1O1l BXIlOI nu zc Ul1IllVIZJMJJA i~YMn ll[IYlIVdMOO iU JIJ 10IIoliClDd lDU (lllf SIlOIIoliClDd (lnTfU QOVLl UJIUIlH

c nlVJ

bull bull bull

percent to 240 percot) tbe 100=-0 ltIf botb eU about burricaue floodi g _rIO virtually ide tital nua nile ~iece y be iIrportaat in tbe d__ lor-lit ltIf individual hanrd peclOltio it role i difficult to at te itbill bull Ulatioll itb ub a blOtuogeoua et of e~iellce a i f-d witbin tbe Lover FIoridoa leybullbull

Earlier rueartb botb itbill tb ley aad einnere ha d_trted thot tb Ievd of percived cOnceru cbaagu itb tbe panag of tibullbull II-ro hord reercbn hove itt thot hord COCern diinib bullbull eitr tbe tgt- followillll bull haltlrclou evt Or lengtb of ruideDce iDtreae (P41_ 19amp1 1 48 Saarinen 1966 1 71 Vbite d Beaa 197~ 1 100) 1II0tubatdilll

110 lu illll of tltlllcern a bull bull vidt ill tbe Lr ley br rUfO dt to bull 1976 urv y _rIO reeyed in 1982 ilitb reapect to tbe tbreat tr burrie_ flOOlt1illl 37~ perUllt of tbe 10llll-t ruideU egtprebullbulled icrlOaed c cern bull tIere 267 pere e- idicatd diAillid eo== bull Over u-fiftb of -_r bull eyed ill 1983 iudicated tbt tbeir eOllcern about tb ttil tor bunic ~Ie bad alao chaaged illte tbey fint begall livillg ill tbe Lov r noride ampoybullbull vitb tbo bo telt lIIOre co cern outlIIIlberiog tbo vho lOr len cu ed by 30~ to 1l6 perce e bull It i illtreatiog to IIOte tbt 463 perc t of tbe middoti qgtericd reDdt sttd tbt tbey rIO tUJv lIIOre tltIce ed bile over r-tbird of tbe ekJgteric d~ redDt_ vere unshycballied iu tb i conterubull The role of everl ner lIie by burritne d grutH activity by tb COuJlty civil dOfe ofBce er tbe paat everal yea i tbee ebaagig b rri co ce ltlerve furtber ttevto

Ii_ boIoeers witbin a bigbly Inerbl toata) locle au nOt ashy_u thot ~gillll burric y occllrbullbullertblOl tbir eo_ity i not viewed bullbull beillll aay r ba rclou tbaa lIIOH otber cooatI loestioo by tbe jor rtioll of tba iudividuala llo1rever tb rid vbo perceive tbeir cOlllllWlity lIIOre vulrble thaD otber lOOatl 10atoD re lIDre lilltshyly to perceive burricae bull bull bull beillll a jor 101 ptobI_ Since reidn bo illiaire the local tbreat re lao tbe le t cooce ed bont burric it appea tbat Ublic _~ne progr_bullbullb Ld _Ibuhe tbe greater rit of biably VIIIlleble couul itu Ilbile the jority of tbe w ~ chill at Ieat 10 burricae gtprience tbi egtperieoce baa DOt incteaed tbe ba rd cOnteru of tbe luItlon Comparative ruearcb in otber gravillll coabullbullbull l citiebullbullb ld peTllit greater underatlldillg bout haw r ident of hiably VIIIIlrbI cOGllUDitie ccapac with coatl reident in generl

1 This peper i baed upoo YOtllt IHed hy be lational Science rounclatiOn IA1der GrGlt lo CEE-8211441

L rOt e-rgth Urball occlgtpatiolgt f hanilOt iaIad fros llaoi tbcoh Teq illcreaaed by 1~3 IIOrcelOt ltVr tbe tyo dec d precedi g tbbullbullid U70middot aad shyhaD laad uS of Floridemiddot batrir iald illcrd by 219 perct ltVet [be IIOriod (Lioa 1980 1 ~)

Br E J 1979bullbull Ilurri amp1ld eQatal to~ bull reaource popor 011 rilk ueent _ruing rponae nOll-ltructural 4amage iti8amptgtOII 1Id re Papr read at NuioDoll C tnce 0 Burricn lId e-atal StOI 29-31 Kay Orlando n

____ 1979h Prdictillamp reapoe to hurriclle nillJl I rea1yia ot dUB trOll four rudn Ka E_rgenci 49-24

ampater E J bullbull and UtOll D J bullbull 1974 Attitudel to~d hurrcane hardl 0 th Gulf Coalt III Natllral burda Locl BatioDoll Clogtl Id C r White (11_ York Odord Dnivroity Pr))0-36

Burtoll 1 bullbullbullnd Eatea 11 1 1964 rhe flo04pli lt1 the elhore A caroshytiYe uulyi of haurd-one occuponce Geoarophicl lI i ~4)66-84

Cro bullbull J A 1979 the ocition between reviolll reoidence d hurricane hanrd perceti 114 djubull lIu aer red t 1 _etillJ of the ociation of Aapoundricao Glolrpherbullbull 24-17 April PhilOolphibullbull

1980 Reaidnu eQDCerul toot th hurricalle h rd ithi the florid Kel In Hllrricane an4 coatl to ed E J (Civile n Florida Sea Grant Colleae Beport Bo 33)1306-61

1981 i chrlcteritic nd the election of djnt_nta to hurriclle haurd iII th Lovelt Floltida The Floltid CographlrJr 1~7-11

____ 1981 Beaideota eQoioe tioo ill eCtilll haard-ritllt houaillJ th Flori Geographer 1amp8-12

____ 1983 burd ttitude and iti8amptio 10llJitudi l chang aper r O t the anlllampampl _ati at the Aiaciou of AmricII Cogrh 24-27 Aril Deliver

Bobert P J bullbull anO Tlor G 1975 Hurritae perience level of cobullbulltl co ce cy populti= Te to Kaiae lIhi t D S Departllent of e-rce Iiltio l lIthr Servic allO C-mit PrpareOoua

Eatea I II 1971 Iilatotal haurd in bIaan ecological penpectiye hpothn 1 110 -oOeh EeQnic Ceogroh 47tU8-51

Linbullbull B r Jr 1980 ttrn aoO trelld of 1al1d ue 110 ld cOver all AUaotic anO Gulf Cat harrier ial1I0bullbull lIhi t D S Ceolltgtlical Snrvey rofeio1 P8per 110 11306

lIileti D Sbullbull Drbek T Ebullbull anO bu J E 19750 yatao i utrellle enyiro_enu bull ampociololicl penpective 1Io10et Dlliy rit of ColaOo Iatitutl of Behvioral Scieace Prol 011 Teclmolol Ellviro_lIt anO Kao KollOlraph 110 21

Oatoorll C Ebullbull Jr 1970 rhe Oinet cnlture co pt bull atnO of el lIu hi~h ecwpriae the 1I0tioll of bull aerte cultlte which ia uniqlle to hnlttica-rOlle rea DnuhliheO )lA theaia lIiuiippi State Dniyerlit

Palbullbull 1 I 1981 lel utate Itl nd pecial atnOiu lttftgte diacloare the tepoII of California boale wyen to erthqb harrO inf~tiollbull l4er Dlliyereit of Colordo lnatilute of havionl Sciellce ProV_ 011 TechnolOlY EltViro_ot and lIan Kollolh ao 32

sariDn 1 t 16 Percption ot the droulht h~rd 0 the C~ec Pli Cbicgo llniveroity of Chiugo Deprtm t of Ceogrphy luebull -ch PpeC 110 ee

ampiIqgtaoll I Bbullbull and lihl B 19lJl Iht hurricne d ita i_ct Iltlolge lii Stat Dniveraity Pru bullbull

Vhit c r bullbull and B J E 1975 Ae~t cf eae-reh 011 ltu~l ha2dbullbull cahidge 1lA 1111 hen

ViDdt- G 0 bullbull POMY E Tbullbull len P J lId Spencer S G 1977 leacticn to ftC thr t duriJgta lIurricIIe lloie State College Bibullbullinippi SttlO DIIeuity Secial Sciente Ruerth Center RelOrt 110 ~1

-1ltgt)J RfUW

t~ Geoflny E Rioolll (Source and lIethod~ in Geoqephy - Series eltlito II ~19an and D J IlriJltjs) London Iluterwltgt-ths l~el

228 pp

S_ll a its tiel this 50ft booIltlet was iMended fo~ British tltdents pn-bly at point beteen hiqh sdool ltllld intngtltluetcry =lla9 le_la llle CClIltents -canqed u-ound data asurent and analYli_ stn_ 11 1 d1_nts in rtr s~c ri chann h and dgt 1 dgtan9l1 ere i an abridged lossary and in~bullbull pefe ences clcd and sU99ud dditil readin are lIIildly chaist1c nle editors tell the book 15 poorticulaely suited for classes intendinq to be- I_d in field studies and peojects

To thi end Petts p=v1s itcuctinl foe DlUi a a quaint hoshy~ plane tltoble and Uda and ffrs ctlon on lidleno try that is poc141ly etul it you happen to recogni- English lichens On our c1r boul~n

IllUlteatiollS ot rl_e tdtureS aU 1lBgt5tly taken from U rathr tamo Enltrlih stre_ and do not cony the inheeent IXer o~ the hydraushylic fors _ ano a=ustomed ~o eeing in less ~5tica[d nes of tiuo cld

he un is crisp and l=id -- it _ ohad sCly usin si~le

_uti and el_hUry statisUlt-s to ~ advantage In sum li pO~ to be eful cxt-cete nce boolt can he pltampllished without coloe ~ wtiuor it ill be widely nad In this country is anothee nee

Alan erai

OIlCAIIUED CirM ACtIVITY AliD TllI SPATIAL VAllUTIOl

OF PIIOlEIITT AJl]) VIOLElIT CUllE lLItDl

1cgtc gtIde-l g_~n1iuoio of b~ ial iatiou of ltr~ Itu hae foeuaed ott POpUlatiOD d io Dt PopUlatiOD cholacceriatia are _at laquogt_1 ODalrfd ia 0eiolog1ell tu~i of the 6iUributi1l1l of or- ni tenlcb argues oha cocuatio of a1deuu po iDI tenaiD so-eoetAgtDOIIic _d ltlemoStaphic eharacteratca inn e a1 r ratea to) creatillll cri--ptoD populatioa Facton e id at freqatly are aae arrDeturt poverty uce amplid lIDeIlIPlobullbull (Br~ 19112 Xat)1dea d racy 1176 IlladeuU d anr 1971)

E~i o taI chatacUriatica ha~e eeeei l1 atttio~ bull at cor_1 iD ueach itb au etologicd peupooceie na atdiea bypocbealle tbat u pbBioaI popertiea of a u alfett ct~ tea by cuatiq at shyap~re ugtdutiu to e ThibullbullBerch focea lID fcton BDtb POPDlashytioD Bize d d it IIlDC ae paetet1lB idtiAl eterioratioll mod _shy

ho_llul h (hrrin 19amp1 Staha 1980 tyh 1974 Jeffe 1971 BOllia 1963)

Tosether theo rueartl poorpectia hI _d aipHit anidbullbull i eEP1illillS th apotial tia~io of cr~ atea aud hae tUDted iD ae shyenl pngmaric IgteDefiu n u aud poh~ _ke ~e u l td reshyureber piricI id e to Bttpt to pr c cr- I el traditioll-Bl fattor cb II lIe atrutlllrbullbull popIlI~oll he Or JoOPlati01l dlIait ue tpoBlI penie e aDd to ebaDge 1Ibe thi dooIbaDee c1iffiult t lOUt tbe blllelo e of ly of poPDItiou IDol iro_tal chBrlshyuriH it doebullbull1(1 for Bdditi=ol ahdia -hitb inco porte facto tbat be of gute ppUd le for poliy ken lDitial tu4iea hue alread b =dnakn COlIC_ina facto of diia ture iDclc1illll pohe petloh (ShertLBD HaJ) 1Id criaiuotaDic ~itiU (Jloore 198)) Their nshy10 tbullbull t Ileied cb of wal ~ootollbh deeftlli u M of cd

be potjlOH of chiB atlel il to ruio tba rltJ_ip bet 1 r rau amprld ilO_el l1li pppdati01l charuteiatia i1e 110 e iJgtiIlS tle iulc -naltl by a fct ritb 9Ot ti11T amprut pshyplid 1 OtgaD1rfd c ~ aceiitiu ro q tioDl are dd (1) so otK-Olliz orgt- ocH Jtiea e to iate tin intl_ of po9htu aDd iro_Dtl chol~ttedati OIl 1 c ie rah~ aDd (2) do gaDied crt shyBtti iti pIa a c1ict roll iD tr-iit the diuibutiflll of t- nha Cro lI~lrapbicl ita

A Pltb lTtibullbullWroch i spl to 1 traquo eIi e HnctiOll aid trPlgtb of tb hypotbeid ca 1 1L~ bet the ~ro_tal POPIlshy1 ti01l nd otampamprlited crt- hetora the 1 cr~ rltn 1gt1 1 d PoputT crt- rate by COlllltibullbullbullre -iaed

be nheioDBbip bet orSltllhed crt- tthitiaa Ill~ propnt mol iolent or1 911 otro-ioubullbull but tbi rlat_ahip ba be UttI (udshyad piricalT lurtberbullbull fo 1 e-iDltiOD of tbe iDflee of orl_hB4 et~ 0 otlou ctiai l offftl~ p1ocIIt be_ B liaopl co1lfi~shytiOD of tbe p1eUDc or baeDte of bull rIUoDbip If tb iDtl_a of gBDshyi bullbulld trt- i pririlT IIIriou or intertti ontb the udieiODBl d tnshymila it call be GODclud tbat orlpic1 cd i _I aD dditiooal -elloe of CJ_-l~o Op1tiod ~O_tbullbull If tho a_stb f tbe ~lri_bip i _ ltIt ilIalgJlificant it cau be toIlolllltecl that th ~ shyHDe of Otl hed cri_ aC1ii1i dgta IlOt lIlt iu a ie oebe

zs

c imi l OUaDN aDd bevc DOt tb of aDy pecil ttutiou lrOfamp pogthc _bu amp-Ve it tb cu l iance of orKaDhed c - i 4aIoot ated dinct aDd Ittoug pogtlicy k n vill be bull dtit vbitb wIl c trolled _y led to bull dcreue in otbe cr-bullbull

The ioty-sevu unti of lorida _ e cbo bullbullu for aDlyai COIIJIti e uId to minimite tbe ~ratial pillo M of c i_ t P evioul reoecb baa Uigeted tbat tbe j ~ to cr~ ePe ieuee frictiou of diatonce (Baka 1980) Moot ltRw ppAr to uk ploe yitbiu ile or tgt llf tba criAi I eidce (McIvr 1911 Pyle 1974) lIavver tbe pi11OO pbevOoon contiuuCl to be bull prbl_ ia ly ua~ 11 unito of bshytiou rb aa iciJgtampl1ti (kilO 1979) Tbi i bull at DOtble _u cr- occur d tba official botmdriel of tbe crimi l phc of uidc The u of la geT a~tial unit hete cOUlltie ahould Teduce tbe effcta of pashytil pillovu Ltbougb t u for Ipatil utoco elation yill be conducted

The Nlection of counti of tbe e Itat rtber tbaD bull co acshytiooal 11 of countiebullbullcroo tbe tioo VII illlPl eotd to intiu conshyin c ill tb cliticti aDd eco diog of c imi l offenbull Flo ida Vll8

Hlected beCUN lorida I cOUDti proide a divee ple of tbe populotoo aDd the vire_tl cbactritico ud iu thi li aud becau floridbullbull ~uviobl baa bull bigb r- t Pn tbeore o gaDied cd_ acshytivit by DO _aDl uni~_ to flo ida ia gttr_ly cpicUDu in rbe tate aDd ba l g be _ioor OnC of local atotbullbull aDd fd l loyforcee e gci

The vire_tal d pogtputin cb cteriticcd in tbi lyi we ucertaioltl fr the Florida Sttinial Abott for 1979 The viol t aDd property c i_ t re obti d f Ofamp tb atate lIuifono Crr- Iteport for 1980 Ilat coOocerniuamp orgited cr~ ctivitie vere aho obtailtl frOll thi bull for 1979 yenbera vral probl_ ari frOfamp tbe uae of uca tatishyti t tbly the undepeutotio of wIliu coli crUle tbey do p t the t coulitut timpoundly aDd caaplt data ou ce available (DoeckCl 1977 lIillde1aDg 197lt)

1 caul 1 del to be tutelt (rig 1) att-ptl to esplaiu patial ariation i~ vil t eed pr ty c ratu of Florida counti It utilit bull everal populotiou eed CltVire ut1 ~bara~teriic aDd tbe preence of rshy-ited ~ri_ ctivitie eltpl tor fattoc bullbull the IlOdel i re~u ive aDd toi of i egenou aDd tbree dolUou viablu Sigle beaded ov rcpre t a bypotbbullbull ie4 pogtitive eluibip betveen tbe variablel

Specific pogtplllatiOll ubgoup bav been bavn to represe t tri_ pro or g_rating poplllatioDbull Biampb cr rotbullbull re diprpogt tionotelF 10llDd iu ar f bigb UIlpl~t 10cioecOU_it tus aDd coueetratiul of -ioritie aDd yaDD duHI fbree variabl repcoeut pojJulatioll cbarccerishytic in tbi lyia e-pl~t rate (UlIDIPlOY) perct black (PCTlUIll aDd pe ceut _lei ailed 1~-14 (YIlGPEIlSII) UllEllPlOY defi ed tb UI aDshy1 _pl~t te d Plttll~ defied the pe oetag of black populashytion tithed to repeeut tbe 6og of po ny d 1 paraooal eshyourclU eideuu Prr-ioul atudie have c td the influeuce of tbeu fattor OIl tr atea itbill tbe COlltUt of eCuOfampic d (Be bullbullely d tUII 197 ) lIolteor it bal been Uigted tbat certin 80til tt__ paDilIU of pove ty aDd 1 iDe W coDidered gog ajJbicIly _y teshyuH ill cr (Sutberld d Crt 1978) YBGlEBSII tbe perce tge of reshyideut _1 aged 15-14 il uud luropte of ge ttueturbull T HIldiug

___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt

01 p~io8 art aD4 pidul id~t~ fre- urut data have bo Ugtat the as t-pidOll of a ppulatioQ pia a criti~1 role iD cLote=illi~g the diCritlJtiOll 01 tt~ utu (JlarhcLo aDd fraey 1976) are _peeifiutl ~ i- atea bav boo fo1 to hiSheI in a rith lfrge th popuhshyCi0ll8 epeciaU _lu UI their teeltgt aDd tlIeltgttiu Thu i~ i hypoth iud that UIIDlIL01 Cl~ t l1ICPl1SIl in eaerr a itiv ~Igt l ilgtflu_ce oft tb vileDt _d properr ri_ rte-

CutaiD ~iro_Dtl thartritin hav beeltgt 8bo to rute opporshytlJGitiu lor aDd tmpberu aDduie to r trillinal advit h gte focnd r b t fCl1H ia Uer dfterioutill urlgtaD ar vitb larse beshytroseDeQUamp ppulatio nne ~ riablu au d to repeoeD~ the eltgtnshytl Jgtoratedati of totiu popdtioQ cLouic) (POPDI]I) 1eI ltgtf ugtonshyi ti~lI ()(EnoJ d ub~ ltI d _lI (SIStUb) yonu ddi~ tile ridut pop1ti per ampquare i _pl~ to 1epreIlC tbe pbical ppulashyti ~eiI I the cowgtty PrevioIa Igttilizillg tIlia vuiable bav a_raCed biS[Unu In eiU41 ita efh(t er rat lkoonrvr ae~r 1 tdia bae Ib that Iligh ltlelit ~ certiu seoSlaphic caln 1shy811ltl in aoc l tfloloaiu inludinamp ~-rie t(l th~ ampt C~t hmiddot Ia f atr~ d i c i ~reael (Ccdn 197amp iiDbcgtr~ush 196~) hrth=ltItltI_ lpdtiOll ltait 1 o_-re 1 plti~ crude app olt-tioll f n aae of poliri~I _it -itfliD ~oi otber facC~r flib iuflushybO niale ur (ro aDd Old-Ilti HtlJ) ~o a ~ vriJgtl wbicb 4inll1S[Uibe ot~~ amplISA eo CQUllti mol COftilJllOU aDd lWllI-SJSA coti i a urogat f the s raJ 11 (If ~iutio lt1 poplllatioD ize of Vher cd rtu do IDOC _ n -e oc dft til proporshytil7Damp~ dana 1JI rh pclplIlciOll tIl loa (If l(l~al utOO(lIllY allltl fralpeDUshyti(l f locol gnad 01 iD ta~ae =bQ u eall r1t iII Q illru io ~ri (Stflur 19110) 5IIIISTA1fD tIl p-IChlla d popularl nidill ill lloll ioa 1t(I jna~el te p1hill rciIiti r pt n Ugt olellr (If phyice1 d teitiOll iD a co_c Phical doiOt dotltio ~ut ~rr- aDshyduci VlrolIU ill ae nl a lIoar 101 it ellt _Uill it hid re leu eo d bltgtuaiDamp vbieh io- co-uly (leullied by the cr prOD poplIIati ubgrop ted bo Thu POPDIJf MnO aDd SU8poundTJID hypoth l to eut bull polliti uual iIInuoell 01gt ule 4

0lt ri_ ut

TM ineluion of o~_ized eri-e etivitie in the hJlthuized _deh ftrUI an n to introduee bull fteo uolla h1 det it i to ca 1

Iu of er- utebullbull Ithough thi betor ha teeei ed Httle tttb bull deti t ltIf u1 er- t oeiltgtlltlgieal 01 eiItiolltlgieal btutre doe rogt ide guidnee cltIemi g the eti itie it eomp 01 h bull bullebtio hip to ltlthe trillinal ofh Orguized er ea bltO ~eept lshyued i v d t ts (hedi k 1981) (1) a corlate buruer1 (1) bullbullbull ki hip erk 01 (3) patro-elie t relationhi loIbere th firt tvo dOmituIte _ltlg pop lr reeption th huer i in rnUt1 t frequ r bullbull patrltln-elie t r htionhip orialliz d cri prOV1de I_dol _01 ic that are illegal yet i delud Ollg eni element of l1Oe1ety (lhill 197]) Thu or~_ized cri_ i pret tune er _01 vhorev r _ atshyte-pt u de to ieill y _01lt1 paver ithltlut r grd for 1 in a t shyiltlll of th fr terpriyte- (ll iek 01 GltJUhltt 1972) YTditil1y org_ized cr- h operated i r of illicit hlhavicr eh bullbull leaharking tortion S-hlig protilutiltl _01 reoie (Qui y 1975) Dat eoeeerning the latter three ofhnea eltrmllO Iy el1d vie er rn ohhih1e lIelIee OllGCIllME rrltlampete for the prenee of ogshyhelt cr- etivirie ie re de filled bullbull the ~r of reltltiu poshy i rcoticlebullbull il1gl I_hling 01 protitutiltln of(e pn 10000 populatimiddot

BeeN til jorit of th oUr elbullbullbullHied ud_o bull 01 n h-Itheticlly fticti te er thy oft r ceive llraquot d rt shyft

tio fr r erehe aDd lv fore_e t officih 1Ir rreh of erishyaieal behavior hal h that paro ill ltlIvd in th cti itiu oft _ ait othr re ri eriBIioal offe ueh tho clifi d bullbull prop rtJ and violellt cribullbull in llCil ntitiebullbull for eple drug ddietion ha ~ bull howD to ~ iBIport_t wgttivtiltl l eeeeee in cri-s ch rohhry 0 burshy111 bull (IIardebullbull 1911) TM very tre of orgied cr ho igt tee of for or viol -v r llee Cll5 Ste Guoen-nta1 Aff C-itt e 1980 FurthorllY e~itie ha e hltogun rigltlrouly to shyforce avo api t viee e bullueh protitutioo or rectie to red overd1 crt- roUbullbull Ih 0IIltClna poiti e ea li h-poth ized lo Ira ilLfluell the iol t d property cr rat ORCClIDlE i bullbullho hypcgttheshyizd to be poit ly tfcted hy the popuhtion 01 ire_t l eharaeshytetiti ~eau the reeeee bullbull vhich are tIlQllght to hlto poid ly relat d to tile vioI t 01 property cr- rae ahQllld 100 rnult in bull gr tebu shyltarl of orampiz d crie etivitiea

rho depndt dbl prop 01 viole t c rat (PI0PC11X and nOLClIM ar (pputiOl1llli ed on the hai ltIf their llniform C leport deshyfilliti which i the preeed t of It atudi PlIOPCIlDl i r~ -ber of rlh i th ft Cot $50 ltlr re) a d uto theft per IOOOll Iphti VIOLClIIl i th IIIgtalgter of rdn bullbull forcihle ra toh~dn lt1 aated In per 10000 po ltio

Jletboltlolltl8J

Befo perlono1llg bull th 1ibullbull7 the h-poth ied link ltIf the cshyd Il1Olt101 ar t ted h- the S-Jldoct _thod Thi _thOd deteillebullbull if the rtial corrlation hlt_ noo ihI prov~deftiie t evidoe ltIf thltO ite of bull path Iloth the 5--l1aloc- thod 01 th Iibullbullre heed rerio proeedr thu the tltI1rd ecllditi of ordi ry l n q re lregr ion bOllld hlto _to Multipl rrebullbullio i utilized to ohti d e r corrduion and path coeHici co bull 01 to deui tIleir ilPlishyfieac 1 10 Thre _ttiple relr iltl ill 1gte euc t d Olle for 11 shydog varbl IndIDd t rihl in 1gt ter d i iph ui f b 01 reoidual ill 1gt le 1 d to heilit the tet for patil toeor latio

The S-Il-Illaloe _tholtl uult~cl i th ~_1 ltgtt ~abt ltgt1 the tIi shyu~ aligi lly hypctbuiud ea ul hull ill botb tbe Itoperty d v~oleDt Ct~ deh ~ocuei tbe ptopert tri- utU (fia 1) the Dahl YJlCIUSIil lCt~I[ 1Ul~ SDBSTAII1l en flgtd DOt ee M oignifiuutly diHueat

Fiq 2

11011 Uto Tile liek gtet_en Dna d ftOPltraquoM _d 1DPlnCl d 02C(R1 en 0100 r_vd Eo thiO reaOIl bprdiAI tbe iolellt aiae ratea (rig 1) thogt ari hl tIJOPnQl ltII2lPtOY ad SQISUR weU r~ltf hoa tbA t shyel the lillk Igtet_eD IOPDEI I VlOLCUll d PCt~ d 1lIlOCiIll re aho dde ted

neu ravl~a idieate tbot at tgtO _y l el age Itnete otoe DOt iguiIi~lItl iDfl_uce either OIitampltl criae thity or tlgte property d iolttllt ctiae ratebullbull It i aIlayected thet the 1 effect of thi ruble r p~ercd by tbe I_rol l el of QlNui tioa (lilEUO) 11oriuO hrgut outb pcplatio are fOUlld ill _tTopcltt are SiJPlarly SQIStAIID exerud 0 oiampifiCampDt iIIHllCe (JIl itbo of ~ three Crie rampU fbi i DOr vElIriliua i th of p~rty er~ aO I talldud bo ill$ represhyu for tboo It part 1 11 d trltla 1Ile illcl ioa of lIIIEKPtOl ill tbe ptoprty er~ sel aDd p~ iJI the i01eut crt- tel iudieatu that pou~y 40 illdeed illflanee criae rat ~r ol c d proprty criaro _y be afhctad lor differeut dte110 of -ic d fb abargtc ltIf a huct relatio bip betweu poplllatiltgtll dauit d the ptoperty d ieshyhilt cr~ til d tbe prelnlce Of a hrect hull bootwampll p brioll ltaDli~

_ VlOlt

Flltr aa

cDd OTlcDizd ni_ activi~i ri fnrrher qltiOllll us-rdirlamp tll ilLllushyee of tbt faCt on erue 11 the laek of aiiiiunt luu hat_cD olUOCiIKE cD4 both pcnua and tIBDlPLOY iDdiut thar organid er etilishyti t pOtilly etriHed to povrty areabullbull I fact tha bl ariau orr btio hetve OIllCIIIU4 rcrBIACI ~-011) 4 ~Y (-136) 1shyI at that orl id crUDe y be - in ra here f-ber i bullbullbullignishyhu t t of illC to ullrt f-bctiitibullbull

rbe ~rall II-qr (TbI 1) ilIdieat that f-be r~i4 -db a qu~t aueenatul at qgthioing ute of proprty violt d -ied r- KeTIIO 1JJIUf1un d OKClm ccount for lightly e thugt 4() pershyceat of tb vrLacce in the poropen cr- ratebull Ovr ~O perct of th rishyc ill ti iolt cr- rt i qgtli 4 by IlEno ORGana 4 rCtJ~ Concrning org id c ctiviti PODIJI d Ieurono co_td fcr ~cr 41 perct of tb vrUmo

rtIot ~lldi iltl l pIoth ~fficiu lea ted by th pIOth 1 (Tahle 1) rept the direcl uu l uflntt of th illdepd-t rLahl PO f-b dapdt vdahl Th coeffici t indicate f-blt 11 ignifit hnb repnt a aitie dinet Wluetle c th criJoe ratbullbullbull bypotheaizd III f-bfl 1 of both violOllt d prop rt) ugt- OIlGeaUa _ rd to bampv f-b larlt direct UUa un (8-470 lt1 1I-35J pectival) KEnO d_ratd the at 1rt eli t Wi ad vbullbullbullbo hahtly r po-rial u qgtlailling the ioe t ri rat tban tb property cr~ rau ~ 33C od 6-267 rpctivdy) fhr surrogat ute of povelty d-Oshyatrateel f-b vabat t41 inH i~ d ~ g 11ebullbullbull ltbOCampb f-b ushyn c of lllilEHl1J)Y of nOPCiIM (1I-l80) hghtly I ter f-ball that of tCTtltoCl oc V10LCJD1 (8-162) COn illg ogaized er~ ctivitiu JOPDD fotltld to have th gacn dirct t41 iDfl ce 8-5Bl wIlile a dshyrat WIoc ted by KEnO (11-196)

TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162

R-~ce bull 401 410 R-esidual 773 704 768

-ill coeffidentll significant ae 05 level

tbeu ploch fficiU e f-bea d to da~poe f-bt tlrigi 1 rzeshyhti_ bat_a th liDkd riahle illto dirct t4ubullbulll idiec 1 d puriOll co_poeau fhr c1iract uu1 Wi io th peth ltofficielt itshy If The illdiuct 1 itflIl rCeu ta tbe fft 01 rha i-Ddpnod t vuiahh JoOu the ltlePleat vuiahle f-b=u8b illt ing vribb The puriou i Iluenee r preenta th ffect of iiDa li ia tilid bullbull illditor of tboa validit (If thltt ud del

The 4fCopoeed cofffideate ferr th hypotbnio4 lIOdh (Tble 2) iDdishyltaU thet iu ell bolt two iDtUl~u tbe cozuhtio bet_no ltllb4or1 ruble COIIpt 4 pririly of c l UtlDce n for tbe lIICet put th wdle coDit af fctore vhich ltkI attott thl Cr r tn CODotlrDiua

TABLE 2

lec~o~ed CorrelHon CoefflciM~ --_ _shy_~_

PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0

Spgtt tees gtltI VIOIOUl th

Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0

01 0 e Spuricos gtltI

CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as

plopert ~rue tlgtoIu fanou itl~l _no 01Clt1lJlE 4 trJEIIIPUlY ~ total ca l dfct of tbe ltter two _ he lel to ltlirect liDlttl -u tlgtoI toul ee l dle~t of lEnO ou nOPCIlJl leo i ctt ita illdire~t caul nshyflueuce throgh OKlclIlIE ne iorit ltIf tbe rrelatioD bot lKOPClIII _ltI POPVEII ltlue to puri idlueDCU gardina vioint cr~ 11 couellshytiOl1 COtfficient vere ~rid prrU of ClI 1 WI_DC The totd cau l ufct of OIGQIlQ d PctlLiCI al due altlldy co direct h1Ollta _rIO tbe total call l ulect of no ouc gu iDClu4ed iu indirect influeDce tbrouampb OiGCiIME ne cornletiOl1 bet POPDIl d IIOLCllIM depite direct liDk v prril d to iJldinct 11 itlfl_ucu tbrough ORGClIXE CoDcerDill orgired cr~ ctivitie the origi l cornlatioa bet_ 0RCCItllII d POrl)D v reltloaillampotl a nlllt of dirt 1 Wle The _iorit of tM correletioo bet MEmo aDd OIGClIM bDw u _ =10 to eperioue inflou TlIiI Oua ltl that -iuiua rible _ be atfectill botb IlIno d OIlGclUlIl rntei io cb ir co uitioa

Laatl the dfiotcy t the dir ct cl lu amptld tbe accurc f tbe overall elltPl tr powe I tM calll d b l t d by tuti tb iGdepude f the reiltbgta1I ohui d t tbe tbr ltiple gr ioa Iti Ileiua t ctiguity (rep- hd by due f 0 r 1) a bull ighn I attiHe celeu1lud fr eocb of tbe eta f reidshy_le The eolt (yble 3) idicat tbat til tocorr ltioa eit _g tlgtoI dit ibtioa f the tbree uu f gre i id1I nu tbe

TABLE 3

Spatial Autocorrelation Analyi of le~re55on Residls

-----------------------------------shyStandard

Mar~s I Elltpected I Deviatiat of I Z-5COr

VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97

pAtb coefficieu aDd overall I-I_r be itlterpreted _114 1 rebor i hal beeo _f1d tbt iDamp COUIIi uoiu f li Ml~ ee Ubullbull tb prbl_ of pAtid pillover f cr~ utel

Yhi bullbulltad provide preliair ~u to two uch qtiD poshyited hawe Orpi~ed t ti iti do rv~ bullbullbull _diar of tbe itlfloc f lterei IOpultioa 4 o_tl ber~ riltic oa r rtebullbull Yhi _ bull at clearl nid~ut ill tb r ltioohi~ betve po~1Itioa deuit 4 ilt 4 pI~rt r~ bullbull Popultioa deui~ due IICt diretl Wl_DCe cr ret thrtgtuab tbe n oiet it rut rtber it effct oa cr _ be tbe uult of itldiret re1ltiODllbip tbrougb ariJlted crshyctiiti by uniua tbe tlIrebold popultiOll _cry for fr tushypriM illicit Mha i uec bullbullbullii1er it-tiOll _ d trted ODshyurniq tbe uhtioahip bet_lID tlgto rel rd of urhamptli cioa amptl4 tb~middot

r- rltbullbullbullbull1tboulJh to bull leot deree

bull bull bull

llrIIIiud crw etiviti oler bull di~ct 1 WI_COl cr bullbullbullbull 0lt1 Igtoth iolent ad prltgtptrty ~r- th crrKaDiud ~ -- cHe dellollatr~d the srnut di-nct d total euat iutllWlIC neae findi8 bull bull Hon era couttioua h t patrou of orKaDid cd__ 10 ill shyI~ d in oth c-ri l oH oeary hr de i l 01 hir llItershypri_ _d GOud tbe Old t btai soltgtltl 4 Ileroiu offr ~ by =KaDiae4 a~ y u e _ti tolt olbel erw_1 othu -itted by clirDu

fbi atudy hooI that traditi 1 OllVHO_tol _01 ltpuloti darr shyeeritie oell IIDu1 1 1 ot ~rbuiutiao Olld poert influenee cru Jate direetly rhoue tctobullbullbld coDtiaue u_~ io foe UlOlybull n iDlueop of ot~ d1t01 charactriticbullbullueb a 11 trvctun r _i 4ehtllle littl or DO iuHue nolot ODd propet err- ra -hte _ u tll~ al buld eotioe ~o oltgtuUr~ boo dir iDIueoee 00 crt- b 4imiddot~ ttor er tet ))(It ucloded io tbi lyibullbull

rsIIy tfl~ iFlificot fl ( orBallired e~i d0trate4 holr ha ereted ~be ttial for flltre re arch The I eff of rbi lIttm b01l1d be etollli d io bbullbullqoetlt ly utiliinS difhnJlt ~til bullbullbulllc 0lt i04ivil ct~ rotef Abo tbi_ tldy hIl prodo d pltcLgtaiDaC) iltgtltliutiOl that 4ee~u io tile iIli~eee of Sampllid crw ctiiti ( opecifi U ne cr~o) _y l ~ to bullbulligeihe-ot de ue iIl tbe rete of other crii l off_

The UnM iob to tht ltreiyo IL~ t Cuti 10 0 for tbeir _ot 0Cl ertier ~rafu of this PlIW cod ail oaon o r~ilNor for ni ~o trocti t tiool

Jlorido 0 bull coOd ooly tc Ii da in tb indeo er~ rat fo 1980 ltUS h4eral 1L0reall of beoisatioo 19~1) Tbe tlte MI tid 0 0ltgtshytetln t1iamp~ tlliq ill boeb ileot ad propetty erw for ckshycd

3 It i oot ibb (or i ic be iDteot of bi ruurcb) to r olu ~e d~bat er the velidity ot poplatlao 4eoity bull det i o ltIf crilW Ravever booa hi tearcb ttpt to tNtolIliue tbe rLetioobip betet1 ltpulati d iro~ta1 ebnct i iu _~ real tr~

ratto 4 b poplU01l dellity uure bacr [queotly be ll~ilshy

ieed io pUt din it iJIeUlltlll Inu l t

4 A insle ore iaadlqoa~e ph_gtiDM bat boo bolo eb baD a ioshyltleo to pueoc bull Igtle_dlrd houi8 ni i boo o vrabl -IlIy 0 ill cooj etlO1l itlgt iDade40ate phbi~ eo t late iudi (emiddotl_ lie of bou~ it 0 pe r ~) bacre eeid co iderabllgt eri shyici ocorate re f -bI_do -

s 1J0ortUDItely itblgtr IJCJ atitic DQr ictiAi~u eye vr~de ole data otber illelll Ofetll ~pro~rilte ill eloi _ or-8hed cr~ bullbullriviti iodel

6 Jee~ of tlgtIir victilll- rorc v q~1 re rarly raportedTh u tel f r tMae aetiitiu eT arwted fr_ eo t nshyue dot d off- r io

7 Patb 1yi i bullbull _tll04 of de~_ills aDd iotltvrti8 liD reletioo~

Hp _8 u 1 bullbull riabL ne roeedu i cDoIIiid ~f () 1I t shyuS olloe trunu l c tor d Oole_ vlribl ill tboo OIat -del ltn otiUiIla rerebullbull ioo p-tocdur to ttai ~e popriJote cotrettioo d plell effie 0) uliJla tile -tnt to dehraiig~

ifiuce l eh d oj deciJlamp co middotlti ffi~i u 10 ui direct elDut i direet 1 d rioo ~ota_

J1oo4inpy B 191H Organilted cr- lIocOll J1111 4 beoD

JlbiDi J L 1971 ne ~riean ~f Genu of bull 1gen4 Appl to Century Crofh

~ l R 1 4 Ant G 114 ne tiology of Utban er~ An eolosshyieal libullbull Criaillltllogy 11 4J9-i1

IIoggbullbull S 1963 Ur1oo cr- poIttrDbullbull -ric Sociologicl iemiddot 30 8shy

lIrowu M 1982 Modelling tbe pIOriL ditribation f uborban crt- leo_ic

Gegnpby 38 274-iL

IrovD Md Oldkovki R 1963 n C-ling rpbolgy f uburban cri_ Fper preoent d bullbull tbe u-ol Keering of tbe w t Loke GeoVpben low City 1Ibet

Cornin C 1976 Onorcr_ding and bn ggri I vil ce in Jnic DitoriUl d C-prtive Ppecti iubingt DC tI5 GoVenlllleDt PriDting Office

Decket 5 1177 Officill cc- ut and vietibullbull A pirieal pariern Jou l of Criminol Jutiee ~ 47-~4

n iu tlepartllt f Criai l Lv Eto 1980 Crw in noriu amptIDal r p I11a1ooe gtopart_Dr f Ctiai l X- Eufore_t

Jl ida _tati bullbull ical aboractln9 1980 lOa~v~lle ne tlDiv -ity h e of nida

Ilaldm S 1979 htujuriditto l pill er of c and pohe ditD Land teoi ~~ 200-12

____ 1980 Ibe atrnion of property cr to ugtutban loe1gtti A r vied otooOlllic Wgtdel llrban Srudi 17 419-44

ani x 1981 Ctiae rate d iro_nl J l EDliroutl 5y 11 3-1~ bull

HindelaDK M 1974 tICIl r iited Journal of erainal Juathe 2 1-17

Jefh CB 1171 Cr- prv tilgtll througb ittl 4 il Be-verly Billa Sae

~rldd xampbullbull and Irey GS 176 n eff e t ofaxe trlete of bullriona puhtioD ou cd rat JlgtIlnYIl of Cuainal shyCriminology 67 3~1-~3

IIcIv JP 1981 Crimi l bility J lev of bull pilloer d S Hdim d c F Rengett B

pirieal tudi ~rly lIilla hge

III Crim

iclt D d Gldblut Crovell

B 1971 n tgt od tlle raquoIatibullbull

IIl_DJoo t and Rill X 1976 J r eiti c CrilloLogy 13 411-306

of the etiology of urharaquo

Jl-QH OC amplqozltI AZzod_10) 1 -r middotl~n1 lI011tndool l1~1( JO nbo l~OII U ~961 I a IIInozoq-I

Ho h~ll1Pltl l11-tOI Sil )0 1I01h~qnlI nlo~

10 I ~z P~lIri1lQ 096I Un-gt) U~1J1V 11I-~ nvoas SQ

gtHO IlIJlIZltl l11-Uo SQ ) 0 lI01h~I lz041 1

1$ 11110 1 -~z) Tin O~lrilol JO nlna TmiddotP1 SQ

110-lt101n 1qo1Tp11q4 A1Iol~Z) Spound61 Q ) P 11 middotpu[Zq1l1S

H lgtlzftb HV Rq1Q 11 11n1nl f qnqn 11 -IZ) 0ll61 r middotInl1S

UPH bzod 1UO) lolJ nlpl 0gt11 5 oHII r I Tlool l1q01 P u) 1 Tlool 10J UIl 101114 (1161 11 aq

0) 1 l1ampltlZll 1111 0102 poundlloIOll~) H6[ 1 Jnb

OllTlttl JO Al~UO 010I) 6H OKZ4 qgt1null bullqdbull 1i~ lI1iOdlt -gt 10 1 po1 l1 pound61 -o Id

bullpnlS hzool_ll ZOJ ln1l1 opy 11115 HII rp 104 gt1qM ~l) I 11 ~Ol[ oni olIn~ 110 gtuallo~zgt hH100) (amp6[ a 00II

amprnd~ is I ~U stat t_ Unhersity of F1or1c His hlUtests hel ~c and cultgtlral ~am al l1storlcal carugraAbY

A- CZIrif is a llOfeuor of 9t09aPlly At Florldll tlnrtlc Urlhersi ty

Joirft A ez- 15 an IssfsUnt ptOfesSOl of geogrPn at the University of ifisconsin-ostKosll RIs research lnt~ts are in TIlItural -llrdS He eecetver h15 Phtl degTle fro the University of llllllO15 1979

IIat L rcauaao is 410 lnstntetor of geography at the Unherslty of SOuth fJolda Herllljor ln~-ests are physiography and envlro_nUl sMits She ~tlved her M degree in geog aph) t USf arK is e rentT) purtll111l1 ha PhD deg-e

Robout B ~ Is a Ilrofeuor at tilt Unfvesity of Florida tl15 lntf~sts lJ1lTude tile geogrpiIy of florlM and plIysiUol geogr~

Al-d laquo ~ko- (MA I harsH) of FlorltN 1982) k ClIuentT) a PhD candidat ltl geogaplly iod project cooNtlWlteN fflr doe $urw) Rt-surdl Lfboratory 1vffSity of llllnots ReSHrcll j~su IlIClucle -aat1ooft deUrwi nts _tld ~cll fisul -Pacts of ~latlon nd15tr1blotlQll

krrt J so- Jr Is associU p)flSSOI of 9iOt at ttIe St I1telSbcrg tprs of dIIt hersl ty rn soth Florl_ IUs i~ts illClucte 1 rll 1-1 regfOllllt geoTlJfif nufMd IIIs es fro Mi_t-iU~H7 laquoll1ol l ~ tlae fot t) of Cinclt1 aM did MdIt1onil wont - It tol-bia hftshy

0 M s~ is a profes__ of 9fOlamp~ at tbt hiYtrs1 ty Of SoaUl flor1cW tlis pM llltensts are ttOrOloqy aM cli_to4oIY Itt -ecetvee his docteU fro Duke UIlfYerslty

__ D ~ fs a profeslOr of 9t09apll at Floridl SUta 1IIl1YtM1ty Its 1nurests inclodt p(lpJTatlon ethnic nd rKill wttl_t in cHies arod Llti r1ca Itt rrcfhe(J is Il fro- Florte 1n 1958

g~ fk tI ---------~~ GEOGRAPHER S--

TlIe Florldl Socl ty of lieo9o~ dtoIrtered i 1964 n _-profIt Of9IIllutlOli for tliIe ~ of frtller1 tnsi_H I ~ tftrou9tl tIIe ~l1catfOll of o9f1llc teltMlq11n hI 11 of ItOIlCItIOll 90- _ t Pod blnlJlltU 1 noridil

-=lny wpport$lt tJwM olIJcU by Jlnlth ~hrtshy~ dttanstOll - h 7uos MId w1U1 $oClIOlrs MlII prKttshyt i~ t nl teel f res by nt-bU CI ltd field l-stl I t101l by~ publ1cltlOll of sdlolrl) studl M4 b peooshyf orwtflg s_kn to Oie ~t of t u and tlW nld of geogrphy t Florld1

T_ socie ty 101lt15 bull _tl 0IlU yM r 10111 ill Fetlrwry At this etln9 PampPtrS Ire prtsenUd nd _tteo of _ tlloll CCIfIlaquo dlscussN

Perwns 1terfltK In tlel$lI1p tll Ule Florllll Socltty of amplognplle rs stlould contKt

tlor oald lM ~~t Of lieDgrIpIIy FloriN lU-tic tIlIiftrsft1 IlocI boa n 1)431

-1 -rnb1p h ~5 00 for bull ul~r 11 stt -stItp h $l 5O

Iv PtDrih GoiqjJ is the offlctll publ1Clt1on of the flo rtdl

Socl~ty of ~rlpherh and h distributed without cost to crs of the

Society One ~ per )fIr tll be publhhd peonding M1Celpt of In

ldequlte ~r Of Icceptable _nuscrlpts

lw Fznid ~ Is I state-ofile jOVrnll with blOld omrrlge of

geograpllical topics ~lat1ng to the stt~ and fts s~erl reg iOllS 110

~strictlons are placed on th~ content of IIrt lcl~S providing that they 1

with ~ spect of the geography of FloriOil L e tecet studin lthin the

stat~ IlIltters of the stat~ gen~rlly or studies Of t he US Sotlth of which

Florida is bull part

KemlSCripts are so licited f 11 who flel they 1loI~ rewarch wortily

of dlSS ell inat ion Mel ssectrtc fot requ l --nts re present ly 1n fon~

1ng tilt ~rill fo t of the arttcles 1n t he prenllt lI~r Hootver bull bull ut llOrs

s houl d IlOt be diSS ded f sut-ittln _ nuscripU beuuse of fo t conshy

si ler tIOft s the N ltor 1s wi ll ing to ~tille extensive revh iOfts 4s this

~r ~st ntes we Ire able to reproduce _ ps ene-es bull and U bles

lie would 11ie to publish In original Mol Oft the cover of N ch IIU1l11bt

so special request is cle to all who hll~ IIilPS of eee state or rtg10ns Of

the s ta t e wIl i ch llOUTd be o f i nt e res t to the Soc1ety s lIItIIIbers hip

auld lee Editor 1Mt F1cJidD ~

~rtllent of Geogrlpty Florldl Atlntlc Unherslty 80lt Rll ton Fl ))4)1

THE FLORIDA

GEOGRAPHER

Vcl~ lB ~jurrbor 1

COllntlrs Page













)

8




lIInun of the rohl





RORIDA PMOn E srTES

--- -------_ r-----_-~-----------

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(NH) H2 POe


(NH)2 HPO

(GTSP)

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TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































THE FLORIDA

GEOGRAPHER

Vcl~ lB ~jurrbor 1

COllntlrs Page













)

8




lIInun of the rohl





RORIDA PMOn E srTES

--- -------_ r-----_-~-----------

~-~

--llOiOiKi---~l


----- -t-bullbull-- -0007-- pound~ - --~- ----------1

bull---t I


r---

-------_ ~-~----~-----------r-- I

- ~













(NH) H2 POe


(NH)2 HPO

(GTSP)

ce (H2 PO)2


a






HlLLSa OAOUQ M

E- - - ----shy - - - -----shy-





4

s




~~0101 aP11U 10 10J11l1 _ -3






~



__ls lhJ~101~













































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

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_1 _ J I bull - l

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)

bull














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05 1 TO

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bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


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Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim



































lIInun of the rohl





RORIDA PMOn E srTES

--- -------_ r-----_-~-----------

~-~

--llOiOiKi---~l


----- -t-bullbull-- -0007-- pound~ - --~- ----------1

bull---t I


r---

-------_ ~-~----~-----------r-- I

- ~













(NH) H2 POe


(NH)2 HPO

(GTSP)

ce (H2 PO)2


a






HlLLSa OAOUQ M

E- - - ----shy - - - -----shy-





4

s




~~0101 aP11U 10 10J11l1 _ -3






~



__ls lhJ~101~













































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


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)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

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0

~

0

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T gt J Il

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gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































RORIDA PMOn E srTES

--- -------_ r-----_-~-----------

~-~

--llOiOiKi---~l


----- -t-bullbull-- -0007-- pound~ - --~- ----------1

bull---t I


r---

-------_ ~-~----~-----------r-- I

- ~













(NH) H2 POe


(NH)2 HPO

(GTSP)

ce (H2 PO)2


a






HlLLSa OAOUQ M

E- - - ----shy - - - -----shy-





4

s




~~0101 aP11U 10 10J11l1 _ -3






~



__ls lhJ~101~













































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim












































(NH) H2 POe


(NH)2 HPO

(GTSP)

ce (H2 PO)2


a






HlLLSa OAOUQ M

E- - - ----shy - - - -----shy-





4

s




~~0101 aP11U 10 10J11l1 _ -3






~



__ls lhJ~101~













































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim





































HlLLSa OAOUQ M

E- - - ----shy - - - -----shy-





4

s




~~0101 aP11U 10 10J11l1 _ -3






~



__ls lhJ~101~













































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































s




~~0101 aP11U 10 10J11l1 _ -3






~



__ls lhJ~101~













































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim











































































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim


































































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim























































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim















































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim




































_ -


_I ~bO


n r_ 0IlJ_ lIool~1h1l17-_ ~1= 12100

- Dr-




P Sll_bullbullho

J1ORICo-sr- ~Iho ~


to

------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































------------



fig )

irushy

tot of ta5Udg~

F1o~iltl















~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim













































~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim




































~~bull

CASSADAGA FLORIDA

I ~

l

CoJOy

gt e-t~kmiddot

~

Llaquogt 1

3 _~


~ bullbullbull_ o ~






ta
















i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim















































i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim










































i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim

































i



~ _

_- 01 - - 10 0 I Oo

- 1- - 0 J11_



shyA I J_ O O 1 J

0 O I Ow

_0 bull bull


_1 _ J I bull - l

t 0 ~ 06 I j 1shy

~ n


- - r 1 bull

)

bull














T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim













































T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim






































T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































T 1

-_ L_ lt

shy WOlt d C _-

0

~

0

S 1 1 lOO

)1 J

JI 0 J

T gt J Il

n l 10 ~ l)

gt 0gt

l

gt IJI lOgt 0 J n

gtOl

00 l

gt

(~

i

L - 0


05 1 TO

1~

gt

lJ Il

sI

jll



bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































bullbullbull





~ Old I


B4 oty

- 0bullbull1 I Id

- tv 000 0


plm aoco f_


OoOOh] I~


s f 1 if ]~ ~I 5 h



Jjo

U 00 1 176 I 185 6~7 raquoa 11 11 J 6 110 0 ) 7G 1





6 t








111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim







































111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim

































111 TIll LOWIJl un

John Cr















za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim






































za


------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim

































------------------------------~--------------------------------------------------__shy

ou m m0 eu cu

LIKELY LIllIY LUELY


18H 7 loll

I e

01 equally lihly co

be bit by butlishy


eo 3401

187

iu 4721









---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































---------------------------------------

----------------







~nH )0 ~P-t 10 Old~


-------shy ----------------------------~----------




_tqolo 10[11)1 V


---------J~~_---v-J-~--- POOllHI ) 1011 0 1 nnH J


c nlVJ

bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































bull bull bull


























-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim



















































-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim




































-1ltgt)J RfUW


228 pp






Alan erai










zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim









































zs








___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim







































___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































___ ltgt~o

v~

0

0- cOO 000ltgt



0lt ri_ ut






Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim





































Jletboltlolltl8J



Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim

































Fiq 2



_ VlOlt

Flltr aa




TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim



































TABLE

Path cfic1nH

cscoces ----- ---- ---shy267 330 196 351 470 180

533 162





TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim

































TABLE 2


PKlPCRlM with

OTigin~l r

b otrect aSal

I~lirect callSal0

Total causal 0


Original r

otrece Causal

Indir~t caUgtll0


CIR)RIME lolith

OrigiMl r

Diroct Cltlusol

01 Indirect causal

Totll causal 01

e SpuriCOS gtltII

533 511 358 425

3~1 180

070 187

337 asr 180 187

226 16) 178 238

rcraiso - 593 62 292 422

330 470 162

092 251

An 470 162 bull 251

171 157 130 171

432 618

196 533

ise 533

236 085

as



TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim


































TABLE 3


-----------------------------------shyStandard


VIouRII -037 -015 044 pR)f(RIM -012 -015 042

ORDUME -064 -015 044 97




bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim
































bull bull bull




















Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim





































Gegnpby 38 274-iL














III Crim


















































































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Vo/. No . ,==== - FAU Geoscience Florida Geographer... · This pro bl em vas addr es se d by t be Florida Depa rtment of Envi ronmenta l Regulation (FDER) in coojunct ion vi th local