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Virtualization Demystified Database Virtualization – The Final Frontier
VMware And OVM
About Charles Kim ¡ Over 20 years of Oracle Expertise, RAC, Data Guard, ASM, RMAN, Shareplex
¡ IOUG Virtualization Executive Committee (Vendor Management Co-Chair)
¡ Contributing Author of Oracle ASM 11gR2 or 12c with Oracle Press
¡ Blog site: http://dbaexpert.com/blog + http://dataguardbook.com
¡ VMware Certified Professional, Oracle Certified RAC Expert
Oracle Maximum Availability Architecture (MAA)
Real Application Clusters
Flashback RMAN & Oracle Secure Backup ASM Data Guard Streams
Audience Poll
¡ How many are running RH 4 or 5 or 6, OEL 4 or 5 or 6, SUSE or OTHER?
¡ How many are running RAC on Linux ¡ How many are running 10g, 11g R1, 11g R2 ¡ How many are running VM for databases …VMWARE?
OVM? 2.2? 3.0.x? RAC on VM?
¡ How many are DBAs? SAs? Developers? ¡ How many are running VM on laptops or personal
desktops?
4
Agenda ¡ Evolution of the Virtual DBA
¡ Introduction – Level Setting
¡ Virtualization – Understanding how virtualization works
¡ How VMs Work
¡ Key Virtualization Features
¡ Oracle VM and VMware features
¡ The Virtualization Infrastructure
Evolution of the Virtual DBA (vDBA)
Kind of DBA Timeline
CLI DBA Early 90’s DBAs
GUI DBA Late 90’s and Dot Com
Google DBA Dot Com and 2000’s
iDBA Dot Com, IOUG iDBA Master Curriculum
RAC DBAs 2000+ after 9.2 (but major spike with 10.2)
DMA 2010+ Database Machine Administrator
vDBA / vRAC DBA 2010+ Evolving role of a DBA in the virtual world
Differences in the Hypervisors VMware OVM
Para-virtualized I/O and NET3 drivers Para-virtualization
Proprietary and Tuned Tuned from Open Source Xen
Native Guest Kernel Guest Kernel is modified
Domain 0 (Dom0)
Guest VM Domain U (Guest VM)
BP leverages paravirtualized drivers Can use paravirtualized drivers
x86 Architecture
OV Server 3.x
Dom0
ESXi 5.x VMM Resource Scheduler
x86 Architecture
Drivers Drivers Drivers
Drivers
domU
domU VM Agent
Assigning Resources to VMs
vCPU vNIC vMEM vDisk vDisk vCPU vNIC vMEM
Simplifies Networking
Public LAN
Private LAN
Management LAN
Public LAN
Private LAN
vSwitch or xen Bridge
Bare Metal
eth0 = private Interconnect
eth1 = public
network
Guest VM
vSwitch or xen Bridge
Benefits of Virtualization ¡ Less errors and service requests ¡ Reduce downtime for maintenance, repairs and upgrades ¡ Faster team response times and agility ¡ Significantly improved DEV/QA and TEST environment,
equivalent of being to add multiple DEV/QA and TEST systems on the fly
¡ Faster provisioning and on-demand resource allocation ¡ Less administration and higher availability through virtualization ¡ Reduce Oracle licensing costs and complexity ¡ Reduce CapEx 60%, OpEx 30%, Energy costs 80%
§ Oracle Single Instance and RAC is significantly better in a VM
Virtualization Advantages – vMotion/Live Migration
Virtualization Advantages – vMotion/Live Migration
Virtualization Advantages – vMotion/Live Migration
Memory structures
Virtualization Advantages – vMotion/Live Migration
Virtualization Advantages - DRS
Virtualization Advantages - HA
Virtualization Lingo VMware OVM
DRS DRS
HA HA
vMotion Secure Live Migration
ESXi OV Server
vCenter OV Manager
vSphere client (Microsoft, iPad) Web Brower based login to OV Manager
DPM DPM
VMFS OCFS2
Snapshot Snapshot
Cloning Cloning
Thin/Thick Provisioning Thin/Thick Provisioning
VMware Tools
Virtualization Lingo .. More VMware OVM
Oracle VM Agent
Integration with Grid Control 10.2.0.5+
Datastores Storage Repositories
Storage vMotion Not the same but Storage Connect
Server Pool Server Pool
Oracle VM Templates (90+) – MOS: 12694014
vCloud Director Virtual Assembly Builder
Update Manager
esxtop/resxtop xm top
Console Access from vCenter TightVNC for Console Access
Host Profiles
Common VM Best Practices (Applies to VMware and OVM) ¡ Huge Pages (cannot use Oracle AMM) ¡ Jumbo Frames (maybe < 10% more important for 10GbE)
¡ Use templates of preconfigured Oracle
¡ For Tier 1 10GbE normally the right decision versus 1Gb
¡ Properly size your VMs
¡ Be able to manage the VMs you create
¡ File Block Alignment – impact 10 – 40%
Virtualization Journey on the Yellow Brick Road
PROD
Business Critical
Mission Critical
Physical to Virtual
Red Hat and OL Templates
Oracle Infrastructure VMs Linux Infrastructure VMs
Virtualization Infrastructure
Oracle Business/Mission Critical Database VMs
Staging Server
Swing file system from source server to staging server (Same version OS, same version of DB binaries)
Synchronize Stage Server Database Image With Production Data
Export Queue
Create production image copy that is in sync with the source database Target outage window: Near Zero Downtime
Capture Queue
1. Open database 2. Activate the new
config for schemas
No SPLEX
Import Process
Stopped Post
Queue
Post Queue holds all transactions since activation of new config file
All new transactions are being piled up in the post queue
ASM
Perform RMAN Image Copy Back to file system
① Perform TTS Metadata import
② Perform no rows import ③ Perform schema compares ④ Disable triggers, disable
cascade delete constraints
① Start Post
② Activate reverse config for schemas
Physical to Virtual Migration (Re-Platform) Shareplex Reverse Replication for Zero Risk
ASM
scp database files source to target database server
① Create users, roles,profiles
② RMAN convert of endian format from AIX to Linux
① Disable triggers ② Disable cascade delete constraints
Questions