V.K. MITTALSUPERINTENDING ENGINEER (E)

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

NEW DELHI

ENERGY CONSERVATION IN

EXISTING BUILDINGS IN PRACTICE

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT

PREMIER CONSTRUCTION AGENCY OF GOVT. OF INDIA.

MORE THAN 150 YEARS OLD. ALL INDIA PRESENCE. MULTIPLICITY OF WORKS. STRONG TECHNICAL BASE ARCHITECTURAL, CIVIL, ELECTRICAL &

HORTICULTURE WINGS. CODES, SPECIFICATIONS & SCHEDULES WIDELY

FOLLOWED BY OTHER GOVT. DEPARTMENTS, AUTONOMOUS BODIES, CONSULTANTS.

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT

PRIMARY FUNCTIONS. CONSTRUCTION & MAINTAINANCE OF GOVT.

RESIDENTIAL AND NON-RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS THROUGH OUT THE COUNTRY.

MAINTAIN LARGE NUMBER OF PROMINENT BUILDINGS IN DELHI. PRESIDENT HOUSE, PARLIAMENT HOUSE. SOUTH BLOCK, NORTH BLOCK. VIGYAN BHAWAN, SUPREME COURT. MOST OF THE MINISTRIES OF GOVT. OF INDIA

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT

A RESPONSIBLE DEPARTMENT OF GOVT. OF INDIA.

TOOK INITIATIVE TO IMPLEMENT ENERGY CONSERVATION IN GOVT. BUILDINGS.

ENERGY AUDIT OF A LARGE NUMBER OF BUILDINGS CONDUCTED IN 3 PHASES.

PHASE – I

PRESIDENT HOUSE

PMO

SHARAM SHAKTI BHAWAN & TRANSPORT BHAWAN.

PHASE – II

PARLIAMENT HOUSE, NORTH BLOCK, SOUTH BLOCK, UDYOG BHAWAN, KRISHI BHAWAN, SHASTRI BHAWAN, NIRMAN BHAWAN, VIGYAN BHAWAN, SUPREME COURT

CENTRAL GOVT. HOSPITALS ETC.

PHASE – III

UPSC, NAGMA, AGCR, CAG, NIRVACHAN SADAN JANPATH ETC.

ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION IN COMMERCIAL SECTOR.

ACCOUNTS FOR ABOUT 8% OF TOTAL ELECTRICITY SUPPLIED BY UTILITIES.

ANNUAL INCREASE 11-12%. AVERAGE ELECTRICITY GROWTH IN ECONOMY 5-6%. ANNUAL INCREASE ON ACCOUNT OF.

NEW BUILDINGS. INCREAS IN ENERGY INTENCITY OF EXISTING BUILDINGS.

STUDY OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION PATTERN OF EXISTING BUILDINGS INDICATE 5-10% GROWTH.

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS

COMMON SERVICES .

LIGHTING AIR-CONDITIONING, HEATING, VENTILATION. ELEVATORS. WATER SUPPLY (PUMPS). WATER HEATING (WINTER). COMPUTERS. PHOTO COPIERS. MISC OFFICE APPLIANCES.

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

SOURCES OF POWER LOCAL SUPPLY COMPANY

(UTILITIES) DIESEL GENERATING SETS (STAND

BY)

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

COST OF POWER LOCAL SUPPLY – RS. 5/- TO RS. 6/- PER UNIT

(KWH).

DG SET SUPPLY – RS. 12/- TO RS. 14/- PER UNIT.

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF POWER

RECEIVE - AT 11 KV. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMERS - 11 KV/415V. DISTRIBUTION TO VARIOUS LOAD THROUGH

LT PANEL & NETWORK OF UG CABLE AND RISING MAINS

METERING AT 11 KV. BOTH KWH AND KVAH METERING.

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

METERED ENERGY=

CONSUMPTION IN SERVICES.+

LOSSES IN DISTRIBUTION

(TRANSFORMERS + UG CABLE + PANELS)

CONSUMPTION IN SERVICES = INPUT POWER x TIME

INPUT POWER = LOAD DEMAND / EFFICIENCY

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

FOR BEST RESULTS REDUCE CONNECTED LOAD REDUCE TIME IMPROVE EFFICIENCY REDUCE LOSSES IN DISTRIBUTION.

BASIC FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES

OF ENERGY – CONSERVATION

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

TURN ‘ON’ AS LATE AS POSSIBLE ONLY AS MUCH AS REQUIRED ONLY WHEN REQUIRED ONLY WHERE REQUIRED.

TURN ‘OFF’ AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE OPTIMIZE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES SUCH AS DAYLIGHT,

SOLAR ENERGY, FRESH –AIR. PREVENT WASTAGE / LEAKAGE (WATER, AIR). OPTIMIZE REQUIREMENT (SPACE, LUX-LEVEL, TEMP, WATER). USE DIFFERENT SPACE FOR DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS -

WORKING ALONE OR MEETING FEW PERSONS, HOLDING LARGE MEETING, HAVING LUNCH /RELAXING.

REDUCE REQUIREMENT BY REDUCING HEAT GAIN / HEAT LOSS INFILTRATION / EX-FILTRATION (BUILDING ENVELOPE).

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

REDUCTION IN LIGHTING LOAD USE DAY LIGHT USE ENERGY EFFICIENT LAMPS & BALLAST. ISTALL LIGHTING CONTROL

OCCUPANCY CENSORS.MOTION CENSOR.

FIXTURES INSTALLED IN DAY LIGHT AREA PHOTO SENSOR.TASK LIGHTING.

COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS.

ADVANTAGES OF DAY LIGHT REDUCTION IN POWER BILL. REDUCTION IN LAMP REPLACEMENT

COST. REDUCTION IN MAINTAINANCE COST. REDUCTION IN AIR-CONDITIONING LOAD

WHICH WILL FURTHER REDUCE POWER CONSUMPTION.

INCREASED PRODUCIVITY BY 16%

COMPARISION OF FL LAMPS

FLTYPE T-12 T5FEATURESLAMP WATTAGE 40 28LAMP DIA (M.M) 38 16LUMENS OUT PUT 2400 2900EFFICACY(Lm/W) 60 104CRI 65 72RATED LIFE 5000 20,000(BURNING HOURS)CONTROL GEAR EM-ECG ECGCHOKE WATTAGE 13-15 2TOTAL SYSTEM WATTAGE 53-55W 30W.POOR FACTOR 06 0.95SYSTEM VA 90 30CRI- COLOUR RENDERING INDEXSUN CRI - 100

COMPARISION OF T5& T-12

LAMPS POWER CONSUMPTION OF T- 12 LAMP

WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC BALLAST=40+15= 55W POWER CONSUMPTION OF T- 5 LAMP

WITH ELECTRONIC BALLAST. = 30 W DIFFERENCE IN POWER CONSUMPTOIN = 25 W SAVING IN ONE YEAR ON ACCOUNT OF

REPLACEMENT OF T-12 BY T-5 NORMAL OFFICE WITH 10 HRS.WORKING

= 250X10X25 X Rs. 6.5 = Rs. 406.

ROUND THE CLOCK THROUGH OUT THE YEAR = 365X24X25 X Rs. 6.5

=Rs.1423.50

POWER FACTOR

REASONS OF POOR POWER FACTOR

INDUCTIVE LOAD LIKE MOTORS (LIFTS, A.C. PLANT, PUMP MOTORS)

FL/DISCHARGE LAMPS WITHOUT CAPACITORS.

UPS/INVERTERS.

POWER FACTOR

SOLUTION

INSTALL CAPACITOR BANKS (APFC) WITH EVERY TRASFORMER IF BULK LOAD LIKE A/C PLANT IS CLOSE TO SUB-STATION.

INSTALL CAPACITOR BANK WITH LOAD (LIKE A/C PLANT) IF LOAD IS FAR AWAY FROM SUB-STATION.

POWER FACTOR

WHY POOR PF

CAPACITOR BANK NOT INSTALLED. CAPACITOR BANK INSTALLED BUT OF

INADEQATE RATING. CAPACITOR BANK NOT MAINTAINED. CAPACITOR BANK SWITCHED OFF TO

AVOIDE NOISE.

POWER FACTOR

COMPARISION AT VARIOUS PF VALUES

TRANSFORMER RATIO : 11KV /415V. LOAD = 1000 KW

PF = 0.7 0.8 0.95

KVA = 1428 1250 1052

LT SIDE CURRENT 1987 1739 1464

HT SIDE CURRENT 75 65 55

CURRENT RATIO 1.36 1.18 1

COPPER LOSS(IR) 1.85 1.40 1

POWER FACTOR

MAX LOAD AT VARIOUS PF TRANSFORMER - 1000 KVA PF MAX LOAD % INCREASE 0.7 700 KW - 0.8 800 KW 14% 0.95950 KW 36%

TRANSFORMERS

SAVING IN REDUCTION IN LOSS

REDUCTION IN LOSS = 1 KW TRANSFORMER USE = ROUND THE CLOCK LIFE = 20YEARS. REDUCTION IN LOSSES

IN LIFE CYCLE = 365X24X20X1KWH= 1,75,200 KWH

COST SAVING @ RS. 6.50 PER UNIT FOR 20YRS. = RS. 11,37,500/- PER YEAR. = Rs. 56875/-

PER MONTH = Rs. 4740/-

EFFECT OF VOLTAGE

LIGHT FIXTURES

COMPARISION OF 3 PHASE AND 1 PHASE VOLTAGE. SINGLE PHASE THREE PHASE

200 346210 364220 381230 398240 415250 433

LIGHT FIXTURES ARE RATED – 210-220V. VOLTAGE REDUCTION 1% WILL SAVE 1.1% ENERGY IN LIGHTING SYSTEM.

MAINTAIN VOLTAGE – 380-390V 3 PHASE FOR LIGHTING SYSTEM

LOAD MANAGEMENT

MAINTAN POWER FACTOR = 0.98-0.99. LOAD TRANSFORMERS = 50 to 55%. SWITCH OFF TRANSFORMERS BEYOND

OFFICE HOURS. USE MINIMUM TRANSFORMERS DURING

WINTER. KEEP THREE PHASE LOAD BALANCED.

LIGHT AND FAN

SWITCH ON ONLY WHEN REQURED. ENCOURAGE USE OF DAY LIGHT. USE ENERGY EFFICIENT LAMP & BALLAST. MAINTAIN DESIRED LUX LEVEL. MAINTAIN VOLTAGE BETWEEN 210-220V SWITCH OFF ALTERNATE LIGHTS IN

CORRIDORS. PROVIDE TASK LIGHT. USE ELECTRONIC REGULATORS IN PLACE OF

RESISTANCE TYPE.

WINDOW – SPLIT AIR-CONDITIONER

PROVIDE CENTRAL A/C PLANT IN PLACE OF LARGE NUMBER OF UNITS.

REPLACE OLD AND INEFFICIENT UNITS. PROPER MAINTAINANCE SWITCH OFF WHEN ROOM NOT IN USE.

WATER MANAGEMENT

PREVENT WATER LOSS. REDUCE WATER USAGE USE EFFICIENT PUMPS & MOTORS

LIFTS

PROVIDE VVVF DRIVE SWITCH OFF LIFTS DURING OFF PEEK

HOURS.

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES ACHIEVEMENT SO FAR.

SN. NAME OF BUILDING ENCON MEASURE IMPLEMENTED ACCESSED SAVING

1. PRESIDENT HOUSE ESCO 16%2. PMO ESCO 16%3. SHRAM SHAKTI BHAWAN

& TRANSPORT BHAWAN ESCO 16%4. NIRMAN BHAWAN 90% 7%5. UDYOG BHAWAN 80% 13%6. KRISHI BHAWAN 40% 10%7. SHASTRI BHAWAN 25% 6%8. NORTH BLOCK 50% 15%9. SOUTH BLOCK 50% 10%10. VIGYAN BHAWAN 80% 3%11. SUPREME COURT 40% 5%

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

ACHIEVEMENT IN ENERGY CONSERVATION

UDYOG BHAWAN WAS AWARDED FIRST PRIZE OF

NATIONAL ENERGY CONSERVATION AWARDBY

MINISTRY OF POWERFOR

THE YEAR - 2008.

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORK DEPARTMENT.

ENCON MEASURES IMPLEMENTED IN UDYOG BHAWAN.

PROVISION OF POWER FACTOR IMPROVEMENT PANELS. REPLACEMENT OF OLD OIL TYPE TRANSFORMERS BY

DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS REPLACEMENT OF OLD WATER SUPPLY PUMPS OF 10

HP BY 7.5 HP PUMPS REPLACEMENT OF CONVENTIONAL FLUORSCENT LAMPS

(4X40W) WITH ELECTRO MAGNETIC BALLAST BY T-5 LAMP FITTINGS.

PROVISION OF SOLAR WATER HEATING FOR CANTEEN IN PLACE OF ELECTRIC GEYSERS.

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT.

OUT COME OF ENCON MEASURES IMPLEMENTED IN UDYOG BHAWAN

2006-07 2007-08LAC KWH LAC KWH

ANNUAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION PURCHASED FROM UTILITIES - 44.22 35.96

ANNUAL ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION THROUGH DG SET 0.146 0.471

TOTAL ANNUAL CONSUMPTION 44.36 35.91

CENTRAL PUBLIC WORK DEPARTMENT.

ENERGY CONSERVATION ON GOING MEASURES

IMPLEMENTATION OF VARIOUS ENCON MEASURES IN VARIOUS STAGES IN BUILDINGS.

CENTRAL AIR-CONDITIONING OF ONE FLOOR OF NIRMAN BHAWAN.

PROVISIONS OF SOLAR PHOTO VOLTAIC CELLS. PROVISIONS OF SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM IN

RESIDENCIES OF HONBLE MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT AND HONBLE MINISTERS OF GOVT. OF INDIA.

PROVISION OF CFL LAMPS IN PLACE OF INCANDESCENT LAMP IN RESIDENCES OF HONBLE MPS AND HONBLE MINISTERS OF GOVT. OF INDIA.

IN MARCH 09, DEPARTMENT DECIDED THAT ALL CPWD CONSTRUCTIONS SHALL HENCEFORTH BE GREEN.

ENERGY CONSERVATION

ROAD MAP IN HOUSE MONITORING AWARENESS IN END USERS DISPLAY PLAY CARDS REGULAR TRAINING OF MAINTAINANCE STAFF GOOD HOUSE KEEPING PROPER MAINTAINANCE POST ENERGY MANAGERS INNOVATIVE/ OUT OF BOX SOLUTION

ENERGY CONSERVATION

CASE STUDY PROMINENT BUILDING SANCTIONED LOAD 3500 KW MAX DEMAND 4300 KW DG SET BEING OPERATED 3 TO 4 HRS PER DAY TO

MEET EXCESS OVER SANCTIONED LOAD LOAD BEING SWITCHED OFF BY ROTATION NUMBER OF WINDOW TYPE /SPLIT TYPE AIR-

CONDITIONERS INSTALLED (AVERAGE 1.5 TR) - 2000 Nos.

A.Cs MORE THAN 7 YRS OLD AND IN EFFICIENT - 1500 Nos.

AVERAGE POWER CONSUMPTION - 2.75 KW (PER UNIT 1.5 TR)

ACS INSTALLED AND MAINTAINED BY DIFFERENT GOVT. DEPARTMENTS

PROPOSED SOLUTION REPLACE OLD & INEFFICIENT ACS BY STAR RATED

AIR-CONDITIONERS POWER CONSUMPTION OF STAR RATED UNIT = 2 KW POWER SAVED PER UNIT = 0.75 KW POWER SAVED BY 1500 UNITS

WITH 0.9 LOAD FACTOR = 1012 KW

CASE STUDY

INVESTMENT COST PER UNIT STAR RATED (1.5 TR) = RS. 20,000/-

LESS SCRAP VALUE OF OLD UNIT (-) = RS. 3000/-

NET COST PER UNIT = RS. 17,000/-

TOTAL INVESTMENT FOR 1500 UNITS = RS. 255 LACS

CASE STUDY

ENERGY SAVED PER YEAR PER UNIT

=0.75(KW)X7(MONTHS)X22(DAYS)X9(HRS)=1039.5 KWH

TOTAL ENERGY SAVED (PER YEAR) =1039.5X1500X0.9 (LOAD FACTOR)KWH.

=1403325 KWH

COST OF ENERGY SAVED (PER YEAR)@ Rs. 5/- PER KWH =Rs.70,16,625/-PAY BACK PERIOD = LESS THAN 4 YEARS.

CASE STUDY

CASE STUDY

ADDITIONAL BENEFITS

REDUCTION IN MAX DEMAND BY 1000 KW NO NEED TO GET SANCTIONED LOAD

ENHANCED NO NEED TO OPERATE DG SET NO NEED TO SWITCH OFF LOAD BY ROTATION MORE COOLING USER SATISFACTION BETTER PRODUCTIVITY

METHODOLOGY - SELF REPLACEMENT OR

ESCO TIME - 3-4 MONTHS

CASE STUDY

WNDOW/SPLIT AIR-CONDITIONERS

THERE MAY BE MORE THAN 10,000 WINDOW /SPLIT AIR-CONDITIONER WHICH ARE OLD AND ENERGY INEFFICIENT.

IF REPLACED THE PEAK DEMAND CAN BE REDUCED BY 7.5 MW.

ENERGY CONSERVATION

ADOPT

AS A

WAY OF LIFE

THANKS ALL OF YOU