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Vitamin Deficiency Symptoms

Vit Deficiency

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Vitamin Deficiency in animals, pathology aspects

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Page 1: Vit Deficiency

Vitamin Deficiency Symptoms

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Vitamin A deficiency• Xeropthalmia in rat - dryness of the cornea• Early stages are curable

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Cured with 6 days treatment with Vitamin A

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Late Stages are incurable - Vitamin A deficiency

• Clouding of cornea, ulceration, keratomalacia

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Vitamin A deficiency Night Blindness

Imagine you are in the car at the left and this is what you see.

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Car approaches, note sign on the right.

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Car passes. Notice distance down the road, signs.

Normal vision

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Car passes. Notice distance down the road, signs.Car passes. Notice distance down the road, signs.

Night BlindnessEye fails to adapt quickly to decreased light.

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Follicular hyperkeratosis. Goose flesh. Pustulation occurs and is confused with acne.

Vitamin A deficiency. Human shoulder.

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Histological section of skin. Hair follicle with hyperkeratosis. (Excess keratinized tissue).

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Pellegra. Niacin deficiency. Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia.

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Same patient after niacin treatment.

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Riboflavin deficiency. Generalized dermititis & growth failure. Marked keratitis of cornea.

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1 month of riboflavin treatment. Only slight traces of deficiency symptoms remain.

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2 months of riboflavin treatment. No signs remain.

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Thiamin deficiency - Polyneuritis. Arched back & hyperextended legs, spastic gait, loss of balance.

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Same rat as previous after 8 hrs treatment with Thiamin HCL.

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Pantothenic acid deficiency in chick

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Same chick as previous after 3 weeks treatment.

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Biotin deficiency - egg white injury from avidin

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3 weeks therapy with biotin. Hair takes time to grow but it’s recovering.

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3 months therapy with biotin. Recovered. (fat rat)

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Folic acid deficiency - stunted, poorly feathered, severely anemic.

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Folic acid adequate chick of same age as last.(hard to believe, isn’t it)

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Normal and rachitic bone. Vitamin D deficiency.

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Advanced rickets

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Normal rat seminiferous tubules of testis showing spermatatids. Vitamin E sufficient.

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Intermediate stage of degeneration from Vit E deficiency. Sperm production has ceased. Still reversible.

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Advanced degeneration. Tubules shrunken. Irreversible. Sterile.

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Normal rat fetuses at 16 days of pregnancy.

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Vit E deficient rat at 16th day. Autolyzed fetuses & placenta.

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Muscular dystrophy from Vit E deficiency. Guinea pig muscle fiber fragmentation, degeneration & necrosis. Lots of infiltrating neutraphils, etc.

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Normal muscle should look more like this.

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Vit K deficiency. Spontaneous hemorrhages.

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Normal Vit K sufficient bird for comparison.

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Vit K deficiency in man. Hemorrhagic disease of newborn. Reason for Vit K injection at birth.

It’s a brain of a baby.

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Vit A: Trachea, Keratinizing metaplasia. The flat layer of cells at the surface shouldn’t be there.

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Vit A: Kidney. Keratinized cells without nuclei shouldn’t be there. Metaplasia occuring.

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Vit A: Lung. Metaplasia & keritinization.

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Vit A: Uterus. Keratinizing of stratified squamous epithelium.

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Farm Animals

The following slides, though not of the highest quality, illustrate some of the vitamin deficiencies in livestock.

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Vit A: 6 mo old calves. Calf in rear got 20 ml cod liver oil. Deficient calf in front was blind.

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Vit A: Emaciation, night blindness, scours.

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Vit A: Advanced xerophthalmia , clouded cornea.

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Vit A deficiency in diet of dam caused calf to be born blind & weak.

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Section of damaged optic nerve showing constriction.

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Blind steer walking into a fence. Vitamin A deficiency

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Edema (anasarca) of the brisket. Vit A deficiency.

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Advanced anasarca in hindquarters of steer. Vit A.

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Vit A deficiency in pig on the right

Xeropthalmia (on rt.)

Paralysis of hind limbs.

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Lamb with stiff lambdisease from Vitamin Edeficiency.

Muscle showing white streaks where degeneration occurs.

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Vitamin E deficiency: Mulberry Heart disease.Note massive white streaks of degeneration.

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Pantothenic acid deficiency.Typical Goose Stepping - incoordination.

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Thiamine deficiency - Polyneuritis

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Thiamine: Polyneuritis. Baby lamb is functionalnonruminant. Head retraction, incoordination.

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Riboflavin

Top pig is markedlysmaller, poor doing,poor hair coat andskin.

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Riboflavin deficiency

Poor reproductive performance; stillborn pigs.

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Niacin deficiency

Note difference in growth and condition.

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Intestine: Compare this with the next slide showing Niacin deficiency.

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Intestine: Niacin deficiency results in necrotic enteritis, ulceration. (Therefore extremely poor

absorption; scouring).

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B6 (Pyridoxine) deficiency Pig showing an epilectic-like seizure

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B6 (Pyridoxine) deficiency Pigs showing marked difference in growth

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Biotin deficiency Skin lesions

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Biotin deficiencyEpithelial lesions on foot of chickens

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B12 deficiency

Note difference in growth and condition. Pig at top has not grown as well and hasrougher skin and hair coat.