Visual Communication in Science - Graduate school...Visual Communication Visual communication uses images – typography and pictures – that enable people to exchange information

March 19, 2019

Judith A. MoldenhauerProfessor of Art, Graphic DesignDepartment of Art and Art History

Visual Communication in Science

What Do You Want Me to Know?

Visual Communication / Relationships / Science

Visualization of information communicates

• Concepts – the relationship of ideas

• Data – the relationship of research results

(changes data to information)

http://www.edwardtufte.com/bboard/q-and-a-fetch-msg?msg_id=0002w4&topic_id=1&topic=


Visual Communication

Visual communication uses images – typography

and pictures – that enable people to exchange

information in meaningful ways.

Visual communication displays relationships

within information.

The same information can tell you different things

depending on how it is organized.

Dog Breeds

Airedale

American Pit Bull Terrier

Australian Cattle Dog

Bassett Hound

Beagle

Bloodhound

Blutick Coonhound

Boston Terrier

Border Collie

Boxer

Bulldog

Collie

Cardigan Welsh Corgi

Chihuahua

Chow chow

Pointer

Pekingese

Pomeranian

Shar-pei

St. Bernard

Schipperke

Rottweiler

Vizsla

Weimaraner

Whippet

Yorkshire Terrier

Dachshund

Doberman Pinscher

Fox Terrier

German Shepherd

Giant Schnauzer

Golden Retreiver

Irish Setter

Jack Russell Terrier

Laborador Retreiver

Llasa Apso

Minature Poodle

Newfoundland

Norweigan Elkhound

Old English Sheepdog

Australia


Belgium

Bloodhound

Schipperke

Canada

Laborador Retreiver

Newfoundland

China

Chow chow

Pekingese

Shar-pei

Mexico

Chihuahua

Norway

Norweigan Elkhound

Switzerland

St. Bernard

Tibet

Llasa Apso

Untied States


Boston Terrier

Bluetick Coonhound

Germany

Boxer

Dachshund

Doberman Pinscher

German Shepherd

Giant Schnauzer

Pomeranian

Rottweiler

Weimaraner

Hungary

Vizsla

Ireland

Irish Setter

Dog Breeds / Country of Origin

England

Airedale

Beagle

Border Collie

Bulldog


Fox Terrier


Collie

Golden Retreiver


Pointer

Whippet

Yorkshire Terrier

France

Bassett Hound

Minature Poodle

Dog Breeds / American Kennel Club (AKC) Groups

Sporting

Golden Retreiver

Laborador Retreiver

Weimaraner

Vizsla

Hound

Bassett Hound

Beagle

Bloodhound

Bluetick Coonhound

Dachshund

Norweigan Elkhound

Whippet

Toy

Chihuahua

Pekingese

Pomeranian

Yorkshire Terrier

Herding


Border Collie


Collie

German Shepherd


Working

Boxer

Doberman Pinscher

Giant Schnauzer

Newfoundland

Pointer

Rottweiler

St. Bernard

Terrier

Airedale

Fox Terrier



(called American

Staffordshire Terrrier by

AKC)

Non-sporting

Boston Terrier

Bulldog

Chow Chow

Llasa Apso

Minature Poodle

Schipperke

Shar-pei

Dog Breeds / Size

Large

Airedale

Bluetick Coonhound

Bloodhound

Boxer

Chow Chow

Collie

Doberman Pinscher

German Shepherd

Giant Schnauzer

Golden Retriver

Small

Bulldog


Chihuahua

Dachshund

Llasa Apso

Pekingese

Pomeranian

Schipperke

Yorkshire Terrier

Medium



Beagle

Border Collie

Boston Terrier

Shar-pei

Minature Poodle

Fox Terrier

Whippet

Irish Setter

Laborador Retreiver

Newfoundland


Pointer

Rottweiler

St. Bernard

Weimaraner

Vizsla

Visual Communication / Relationships

What do you want me to understand about those

information relationships? What is the take away?

Once you know what you want to me to know about

the information, you need to make visual choices

about the images – typography and pictures – that

support what you want me to understand.

Hierarchy of Information / Visualize Relationships

What you choose will reveal the hierarchy of the

information – that is, what you want to see first,

second, third, etc. – and visualize the relationships

within the information.

Your visual choices use signals to reveal the hierarchy.

Visual Signaling / Visual Grammar

Visual variables include

• Size

• Weight

• Shape

• Spacing

• Color

• Placement

Change the signaling and you change

• the hierarchy of the information

• the relationship of the elements in an image

• change the meaning of the information.

Students

Teaching Communication Business Law Community Engagement Government Agencies

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Healthcare Administration

❖Industry

Bio-tech / Pharma

❂

AcademicPUI / CC

Doctoral Studies + Modules

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AcademicResearch University

Government

✸Patents +

Legal Affairs

Healthcare Communication

AdvocacyOrganizations

❏

✱

❉

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Post-Doctoral Studies

▼▼Industry

Bio-tech / Pharma / Other

Students


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❖Industry

Bio-tech / Pharma

❂

AcademicPUI / CC


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Government

✸Patents +

Legal Affairs



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▼▼Industry


Students


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❖Industry

Bio-tech / Pharma

❂

AcademicPUI / CC


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Government

✸Patents +

Legal Affairs


❏

✱

❉

❇

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▼▼Industry


AdvocayOrganizations

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Doctoral Studies

Phase 3: Internship1 semester

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5

Phase 1: Introduction1 day / 8 hours

Phase 2: Workshops – Choose 31 day / 8 hours each workshop

PhD Degree Completion

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✸❏

❇Healthcare Administration

IndustryBio-tech / Pharma

❉ AcademicPUI / CC


Government

Patents +Legal Affairs

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▼Healthcare Communication


Modules

Master’s Degree

Master’s Degree

Master’s Degree

Graduate Certificates


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Doctoral Studies


Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5




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Government


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Modules

Master’s Degree

Master’s Degree

Master’s Degree



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Hierarchy of Information / Tufte

Edward Tufte

• The Visual Display of Quanitiative Information

• Envisioning Information

• Visual Explanations

• Beautiful Evidence

Chartjunk

Data-ink ratio

Tufte, The Visual Display of Quantiative Information

https://www.biostat.wisc.edu/~kbroman/topten_worstgraphs/roeder_fig4.jpg

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Doctoral Studies


Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

Year 5




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✸❏





Government


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Modules

Master’s Degree

Master’s Degree

Master’s Degree



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Diagrams and Charts / Examples

Some categories of diagrammatic conventions +

their problems

• Pie chart

• Bar chart

• Venn diagram

• Tree diagram

• Network diagram

Diagrams and Charts / Examples

Some categories of diagrammatic conventions +

their problems

• Poor use of typography

• Overuse of boxes and arrows

• Tendency to become too complex –

trying to do too much at once

• Use of 3D features that are irrelevant

to the data

http://www.stevefenton.co.uk/Content/Blog/Date/201109/Blog/The-Latest-Shameful-Pie-Chart/?Page=Blog&Date=201109&Blog=The-Latest-Shameful-Pie-Chart

http://skydancingblog.com/tag/federal-spending/

http://corrupteddevelopment.com/8-free-growth-graph-and-pie-chart-designs/

http://www.smartdraw.com/software/bar-chart-examples.htm

http://www.smartdraw.com/software/bar-chart-examples.htm

http://www2.southeastern.edu/Academics/Faculty/dgurney/Math241/StatTopics/GraphGuide2.htm

http://www.small-farm-permaculture-and-sustainable-living.com/planting_companion_vegetables_and_herbs.html

https://emlyntech.wordpress.com/

http://aspe.hhs.gov/sp/reports/2010/erpreqlim/report.shtml

http://www.publicinvolvement.org.uk/2011/05/controlling-the-nhs-a-new-prescription-for-a-lansley/network-diagram-2/

Systems of Visual Organization (SOVs)

• Axial

• Bilateral

• Radial

• Translateral

• Grid

• Modular

• Golden Rectangle

• Random

SOVs help structure visual signaling and the

relationships within information.

SOV / Axial

https://emlyntech.wordpress.com/

SOV / Bilateral

http://nrich.maths.org/7288

SOV / Radial

http://aspe.hhs.gov/sp/reports/2010/erpreqlim/report.shtml

SOV / Translateral

http://it.toolbox.com/blogs/enterprise-solutions/deliverable-current-situation-assessment-classic-30906

SOV / Grid

http://metricmetal.com/standards_comparison.htm [top section]

SOV / Modular

http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2006/grade11/science/11science.htm

SOV / Golden Rectangle

http://test.modemaudio.com/cras_mics/images/000000045_imgpattern.gif

SOV / Random

http://www.expertsmind.com/questions/classification-and-selection-of-kpi-30131986.aspx

Visual Communication / Relationships / Science

Visual signaling in scientific diagrams

How can we use the grammar of visual design –

the visual variables and systems of visual

organization – to more effectively communicate

scientific ideas and data?



Visual Communication / Science

Using what you have learned today…

Design a diagram using the research data you

brought this session.

• What is the most important thing you want me

to know about your data?

• How can you use visual signaling to communicate

the data most effectively?

Resources (Books)

Stephen Few

Now You See It

Katherine Harmon

Personal Geographies and Other Maps of the Imagination

Isabel Meirelles

Design for Information

Denis Wood

The Power of Maps; Rethinking the Power of Maps

Resources (Internet)

Karl Broman, University of Wisconsin

https://www.biostat.wisc.edu/~kbroman/topten_worstgraphs/

The 27 Worst Charts of All Time

http://www.businessinsider.com/the-27-worst-charts-of-all-

time-2013-6?op=1

Charts Dos and Don’ts

http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/daviz/learn-more/

chart-dos-and-donts

Resources (Videos and Journal Article)

Proving the Value of Visual Design in

Scientific Communication

Karen Cheng, University of Washington

https://vimeo.com/181771433 or

http://informationplusconference.com/2016/

A Brief Guide to Designing Effective Figures for

the Scientific Paper

Marco Rolandi, Karen Cheng, and Sarah Pérez-Kriz

Advanced Materials, vol. 23, issue 38, 2011

https://vimeo.com/29189670

Thank you!

March 19, 2019

Judith A. MoldenhauerProfessor of Art, Graphic DesignDepartment of Art and Art History

Visual Communication in Science

What Do You Want Me to Know?

Documents

Visual Communication in Science - Graduate school...Visual Communication Visual communication uses images – typography and pictures – that enable people to exchange information