Visit our website athttp://www.uiowa.edu/~osa/teamarcheo.html

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700 Clinton Street BuildingIowa City, IA 52242Phone: 319-384-0732Fax: 319-384-0768

Website: www.uiowa.edu/~osa

A Message from the Director

Team Archaeology is excited to be riding with you this year! We hope tomake our participation an annual opportunity to share the story ofIowa’s amazing past. As you ride across the state you will be passing bythe locations of hundreds of known archaeological sites and an as yetunknown number of new discoveries waiting to be made. Thesearchaeological sites, and the artifacts they contain, tell the history of thefirst people to travel this landscape and the stories of each generationthat has contributed to what we know of ourselves today. As you travelthrough our beautiful state, you too are now a part of that story, makinghistory for the future to learn and wonder about!

The Office of the State Archaeologist serves a unique dual role in Iowa asboth a designated research unit of The University of Iowa and as a stateagency. The larger mission of the OSA is to develop, disseminate, andpreserve knowledge of Iowa’s human past through Midwestern andPlains archaeological research, scientific discovery, public stewardship,service, and education. It is our goal to provide all Iowans theopportunity to learn about their past. I see this as an investment in thepreservation of a nonrenewable resource—the archaeological record ofIowa.

Look for the Team Archaeology members as you ride and be sure to askthem about Iowa archaeology. Please help yourself to free materialsabout our shared past from our information tables at each overnighttown and get one of the free Iowa Archaeology wrist bands. There willalso be free public talks by local archaeologists each afternoon, as well asflintknapping and other demonstrations of archaeological interest, sokeep this booklet as your guide to the week’s activities. Most of all, ridesmart, be safe, and when you get home tell your friends and neighborsabout Iowa archaeology!

John F. DoershukState Archaeologist

The Lincoln HighwayAlthough broken up into several sections throughout the route, we willpeddle a total of about 88 miles of the old Lincoln Highway, the first U.S.transcontinental highway. Overnight stops along the Lincoln Highwayinclude Missouri Valley, Jefferson, and Ames.

FlintknappingKevin Verhulst will be demonstratingflint knapping at each overnight stop.

If you see this. . .

on someone’st-shirt you can askthe wearerquestions aboutarchaeology

The 2008 route is 471 miles long andwe will pass an average of 1.4

archaeological sites every mile we ride.

KicKicKicKicKickkkkkoooooff - Missoff - Missoff - Missoff - Missoff - Missouri Vuri Vuri Vuri Vuri ValalalalalleleleleleyyyyyArtifact Road Show, Flintknapping Demonstration, and TarkioValley Sloth Display

On the openingevening of RAGBRAIin Missouri Valley,Sarah Horgen(Museum of NaturalHistory, TheUniversity of Iowa)and Daniel Horgen(Office of the StateArchaeologist, TheUniversity of Iowa)will present an“Artifact RoadShow” where peopleare invited to bringprehistoric artifactsfor identification,and learn the bestway to care for theircollections. Noappraisals will begiven for anyartifacts brought tothe program. Atraveling exhibit

from the Universityof Iowa Museum ofNatural History,featuring the TarkioValley Giant Slothsite near Northboroin Page County, willalso be on displayalong with actualfossils from theexcavation. Aflintknappingdemonstrationperformed by KevinVerhulst (Office ofthe StateArchaeologist, TheUniversity of Iowa)will introducevisitors to the art ofmaking chippedstone tools similar tothose created byprehistoric Iowans.Samples of local raw

materials found inwestern Iowa thatwere commonly usedby prehistoricpeoples will also beon display, on loanfrom the Universityof Iowa Office of theState Archaeologist’sLithic Raw MaterialComparativeCollection.

Presenters: SarahHorgen, UI Museumof Natural History,and Daniel Horgen,Office of the StateArchaeologist

When: 4:00pm,Saturday, July 19th

Where: CampgroundC & D, MissouriValley

The Ice Age slothreconstruction(Megalonyx jeffersonii or“Jefferson’s GroundSloth”) also known as“Rusty” is located inthe museum’s IowaHall, which is a500 million yeartimelineexploring thenatural andculturalhistory ofour state.

The Tarkio ValleyGiant Sloth was found

with two juvenilesloths and is the

second most completeskeleton of this species

in the world!

The BertrandExcavation

dadadadaday 1 - Missoy 1 - Missoy 1 - Missoy 1 - Missoy 1 - Missouri Vuri Vuri Vuri Vuri Valalalalalleleleleley ty ty ty ty to Haro Haro Haro Haro Harlanlanlanlanlan“Archaeology of the Western IowaRegion: Connections with IdentifiedSites in Shelby and Harrison Counties”

Western Iowa has been the subject of formalarchaeological investigations since the late1800s. From the first reports of the lateprehistoric Central Plains earthlodges inGlenwood in the 1880s to the Turin Mandiscovery in 1955 this region is known for itsmajor archaeological discoveries. The uniquecharacter of the Loess Hills provides the settingfor a long and varied Native Americanoccupation. Investigations conducted in thelast 50 years in Harrison and Shelby Countieshave recorded a number of prehistoric sites.These sites have contributed to the greaterunderstanding of the prehistoric occupation ofthis area.

Presenter: John G. Hedden Iowa Office of theState Archaeologist

The first roads inHarrison Countywere trailsestablished by thevarious NativeAmerican groupswho lived in ortraversed the area,and many were stilleasily visible whenthe first Euro-American settlersmoved into thecounty. Among theearly travelersthrough HarrisonCounty weremembers of theMormon migration,gold seekers, andwestward boundwagon trains.

Of the knownshipwrecks in theMissouri River, the

most famous is the Bertrand,which sank in 1865 nearDeSoto Landing while enroute to Montana. Thought tohave gold, whiskey, and large amounts of moneyaboard, the Bertrand’s location was sought outby many but she was not discovered again until1968. The remains were found 28 feet beneaththe surface, and 10,000 cubic feet of cargo wereunearthed. No gold was recovered from thewreckage, but the thousands of ordinary goodsrecovered paint an extraordinary picture offrontier life. The cargo is currently housed in theBertrand Conservation Laboratory at DeSotoNational Wildlife Refuge near Missouri Valley.

When: 4:00pm,Sunday, July 20th

Where: MainCampground, Harlan

Photos courtesy of DavidGradwohl

dadadadaday 2 - Hary 2 - Hary 2 - Hary 2 - Hary 2 - Harlan tlan tlan tlan tlan to Jeffersono Jeffersono Jeffersono Jeffersono Jefferson

“A Walk BackThrough Time”

People have lived inIowa for at least 13,000years, which is about650 generations. Forthis presentation, theparticipants will take awalk back in time,where each steprepresents onegeneration. After thefirst 25 paces get us tothe time of Columbus,we will continuetraveling back in time,stopping every couplethousand years to talkabout what it wouldhave been like living inIowa at that time. We’ll develop anappreciation for howNative Americansadapted to the land,and changed theirways of life throughtime. Wear sturdyshoes as we will coverabout half a mile,walking and talking aswe go!

Presenter: Joe Alan Artz,Office of the StateArchaeologist

When: 4:00pm,Monday, July 21st

Where: Greene CountyHistorical Museum,219 East Lincolnway,Jefferson

Eureka Bridge, Jefferson

The 81 mile journey from Harlan toJefferson takes us past 37 recordedarchaeological sites and brings usback for one of our longest stretchesalong the old Lincoln Highway. Wemeet up with it again in the town ofScranton, just 8 miles west ofJefferson. As we peddle along whatwas the first transcontinentalhighway, we’ll see remnants of gasstations and roadside motels fromthe early twentieth century, as wellas Lincoln Highway markers thatstill dot the landscape. About 3 mileswest of Jefferson we come to theNorth Raccoon River, and thehistoric Eureka Bridge that spans it.This beautiful 5-arch concrete bridgewas erected along the LincolnHighway in 1912 and is still in usetoday. While we make an overnightstop in Jefferson, we will continuealong the old Lincoln Highway foranother 9 miles on Day 3, en route toAmes.

dadadadaday 3 - Jefferson ty 3 - Jefferson ty 3 - Jefferson ty 3 - Jefferson ty 3 - Jefferson to Amo Amo Amo Amo Ameseseseses

As you comedown into theDes Moines

River valley, you rideacross a landscapethat has long beenhome to Iowans. It isthe area that containsthe highest density ofarchaeological sitesalong the route. Siteshere span themillennia ofprehistory. Who leftall these sites?Perhaps as long as13,000 years ago, itwas the Paleo-Indians that livedand hunted on landonly recently vacatedby the ice sheets ofthe latest glaciation.From 9000 to 3000years ago, Archaicperiod hunters andgatherers ranged

across the valley,utilizing the richarray of resources. Inthe followingWoodland period,from 3000 to 1000years ago, Iowanswere using pottery,were moresedentary, and evenbeginning the plantdomestication thatled to the agriculturethat now dominatesour state. A LateWoodland potterystyle called “Saylorware” was namedafter the area we’retraveling through.Burial mound sitesare found in the DesMoines valleyincluding BooneMound, the largestmound site west ofthe Mississippi. By

the Late Prehistoricperiod people in thevalley had begansettling in smallvillages andintensified thecultivation of crops,including corn. Bythe late 1800s it wasthe Euro-Americansettlers whooccupied the valleyand left the remainsof historicarchaeological sites.In the 1970s, led byresearchers fromIowa StateUniversity, extensivearchaeological workrelated to theproposed Saylorvillereservoir providedthe impetus for therecording of many ofthe valley’s sites.

Des Moines River ValleyCurrently there are over23,000 recordedarchaeological sites in Iowa.

Of these, 671 are within amile of the 2008 route.

“Archaeology of a Horse Bonebed at Memorial Union,Iowa State University”

In late March of2006 contractorsworking onimprovements tothe Iowa StateUniversityMemorial Unionunearthed severalpits containingtightly packedlarge animalbones, mostlybelonging tohorses, and anassortment ofmetal and glassartifacts. MatthewG. Hill, AssistantProfessor in theDepartment ofAnthropology atISU, served as the

Photo courtesy of Matt Hill

principalinvestigator on anine-day dig at thesite. In hispresentation, Dr.Hill will discuss thediscovery,excavation, andresults of this effortto unlock apreviouslyundocumentedpiece of Iowa State’srich history.

When: 4:00pm,Tuesday, July 22nd

Where: TheCampanile Room ofthe Iowa StateMemorial Union,2229 Lincolnway,Ames

Boone Mound

Burial ProtectionIn 1908 antiquarians dug into site 13BN29, a burial mound in BooneCounty, uncovering the human remains of 5 individuals. Because of thisand other occurrences like it, Iowa, in 1976, became the first state in thenation to enact a law to protect ancient burials. Nationally, the Native

American Graves Protectionand Repatriation Act of 1990 orNAGPRA as it has becomeknown, now protects by law,the disinterment of NativeAmerican burials, as well asprovides a process forreturning Native Americancultural items and humanremains to culturallyaffiliated Indian tribes.

To learn more aboutNAGPRA, go to: http://www.nps.gov/history/nagpra/.

Patrick Brummel, formerISU student digging

bonebed.

dadadadaday 4 - amy 4 - amy 4 - amy 4 - amy 4 - ames tes tes tes tes to To To To To Tama/tama/tama/tama/tama/toldedoldedoldedoldedoldedooooo“Recent Historical Research intoSauk and Meskwaki Locations inIowa”

Other than thegovernment-sanctionedsettlements, thenineteenth-centurylocations of Sauk andMeskwaki sites arepoorly documentedin Iowa. Recenthistoric researchprovides newinsights into a fewimportant Meskwakiand Sauk locations,includingQuashquame’sVillage nearMontrose (ca. 1700–1840s); theWishecomaqueVillage Cemetery inDes Moines (1843–

1846); a SaukandMeskwakiceremonialarea of the1840s and1850s associated withprehistoric moundsin what is nowdowntown DesMoines; andhistorical evidencefor the Meskwakimaintaining a villageor villages along theIowa Rivernorthwest of thecurrent Settlement inthe 1840s and 1850s.If time and interestallow, recentexcavations at Fort

Des Moines No. 2will be discussed;this was the militarypost which oversawthe Meskwaki andSauk, 1843–1846.

Presenter: BillWhittaker, Office ofthe StateArchaeologist

When: 3:30-4:15pm,July 23, 2008

Where: MainCampground, Tama

Meskwaki Settlement near Tama-Toledo

In 1856, the Meskwaki petitioned Governor James Grimes to become atrustee for the tribe in their purchase of 80 acres along the Iowa Riverbottomland in Tama County. The $1000 paid included donated annuitypayments, and the proceeds from the sale of horses, jewelry, and timberfrom the newly purchased plots. Today the Meskwaki own over 7000acres near Tama. Over 1000 people are enrolled tribal members. TheMeskwaki settlement, located four miles west of Toledo, Iowa, includes aTribal Center containing the program and administrative offices and theTribal Council Chambers; a Settlement School, an Alcohol andDrug Abuse Center, and a Youth Center and Family Servicesbuilding. The pow-wow grounds are located next to the IowaRiver on Highway E-49, the Old Lincoln Highway, and threemiles west of Tama, Iowa. The Meskwaki Casino and HotelComplex and Meskwaki Trading Post are tribal-ownedbusinesses situated along Highway 30.

dadadadaday 5 - tama/ty 5 - tama/ty 5 - tama/ty 5 - tama/ty 5 - tama/toledoledoledoledoledo to to to to to noro noro noro noro north liberth liberth liberth liberth libertytytytyty

Woodpecker Cave (site 13JH202) isactually a rock overhang nestled in thevalley of a small stream flowing intothe larger Iowa River, a place thatprovided shelter as well as access to awide variety of resources. The site wasfound when archaeologists werelooking for sites that might be floodedby the creation of the CoralvilleReservoir in the late 1950s. In the toplayer, archaeologists recovered 40 stonetools, pottery, and bone tools, as well asshell and bone remains of animals usedfor food. The pottery found was similarto that found at Effigy Mound sites,suggesting that the site may also be ofsimilar age, over 1000 years old. Asecond deeper layer had tools that musthave been even older. The materialsfound during excavation are now

housed at theSmithsonianinWashingtonD.C.

The home and tradingpost of the first knownEuro-American settlerin Johnson County isstill preserved, 173years after he built it.John Gilbert’s TradingPost to the Meskwakismay not be standing,but it is still in evidenceas archaeological site13JH775, which liespartially in timber andpartly in a cultivatedfield. Although onlyfour test units,measuring about 3 by 6feet total, have beenexcavated there, 10,024artifacts were found!These include beads,bone buttons, gun parts,animal bones, andbroken bottles.

Of the 18 counties thatthe 2008 route passesthrough, JohnsonCounty, in east-centralIowa, has the greatestnumber of recordedsites, currently at 1253.

Artifacts from theAicher Mound group inJohnson Countyrepresent the oldestcollection in the StateRepository.

WoodpeckerCave, North

Liberty

Lost Nation: TheIoway tells thedramatic true tale oftwo brothers’ struggleto save their peoplefrom inevitableAmerican conquest,and the Ioway’scurrent fight to reclaimand maintain theirunique Native historyand culture.

Presenters: Kelly andTammy Rundle, FilmMakers

When: 4:00pm,Thursday, July 24th

Where: North LibertyCommunity Center,Conference Room, 530W. Cherry Street

(Booth next door at theNorth LibertyCommunity Library,520 W. Cherry Street)

Join Lynn Alex, from theOffice of the StateArchaeologist, for a tour ofthe Woodpecker Cave siteimmediately following thefilm.

Map created by Colleen Eck

dadadadaday 6 - nory 6 - nory 6 - nory 6 - nory 6 - north liberth liberth liberth liberth liberty tty tty tty tty to tipto tipto tipto tipto tiptononononon“How did they get around? Transportation through time inCedar County and beyond”

About four miles from Tipton, along a small creek, is archaeological site13CD2. Here, the Meskwakis returned every spring from about the 1840suntil the 1870s, camping along the creek and making maple sugar.Today, only a few artifacts can still be found at this site. Artifacts foundthere have included broken pieces of glass, fire-cracked rocks (hearth orcampfire rocks), a spile (tree-tapper) holder, and a trap part. This site islocated in a farm field. No maple trees remain.

Moving south from the maple sugaring site about 15 miles was an 1830sMeskwaki village (site 13CD14). This village was fortified to protect thevillagers from a possible attack by the Sioux. No such attack everoccurred at this particular village. Directly across the Cedar River fromthe village was a trading post, archaeological site 13CD13. The village iswithin a cultivated field today. The trading post is in timber andprotected by two landowners who are thrilled to have such aninteresting site on their property.

On the Road. . .

We think nothing ofthe variety ofmodern traveloptions when wewish to gosomewhere. We arelikely familiar withthe various modes oftransportationfrom our timeand that of ourgrand parentsand even earlierforebearers.Whether for funor necessity, weall need to beable to moveabout our world,in differentweatherconditions and

changing seasons.But what aboutprehistoric peoples?From hunting, totrading, to seasonalcamps, or yearlyrelocation,prehistoric peoples

used multiple way ofgetting around. Thispresentation willexamine the varietyof transportationmethods used byboth historic andprehistoric peoples in

Cedar Countyand beyond.

Presenter: MarkAnderson, Officeof the StateArchaeologist

When: 4:00pm,Friday, July 25th

Where: OldCedar CountyJail, corner ofLynn and 4th

Street, Tipton

Mark Anderson, teachingstudent how to use an

atlatl.

dadadadaday 7 - tipty 7 - tipty 7 - tipty 7 - tipty 7 - tipton ton ton ton ton to le co le co le co le co le clairelairelairelairelaire“The Mississippi Valley: Native American Homeland from thetime of the Glaciers to the Black Hawk War” Ferrel Anderson,President of theQuad CitiesArchaeologicalSociety and lifelongresident of theMississippi Valley,will paint a picturewith a slide programof human life in thegreat valley from theearliest times to thetragic end of NativeAmerican presencewith the Black HawkWar of 1832. ScottCounty in Iowa andits neighbor acrossthe Mississippi inIllinois, Rock IslandCounty, were thecenter stage forIndian settlementand life throughoutthis period, andcontain manylandmarkscommemoratingtheir presence. Enjoythe adventure of thefinding 13,000 yearold Clovis spearpoints of the Paleopeople who huntedthe mammoth, to the

The Mississippi Valley

archaeologicalexcavations of 2,000year old landmarkssuch as the CookMound Group whichrevealed the exoticmaterials andartifacts typical of aculture named theHopewell that is stillan enigma today. We will end the sagawith the excavationsof a Sauk Indianvillage site that wasoccupied from 1790-1810 and withhistorical accounts bythe military and the

earliest settlers thatgive us a morecomplete picture ofhow these peoplelived and how theycoped with the tidalwave of Americansettlement.

Presenter: FerrelAnderson, Presidentof the Quad CitiesArchaeologicalSociety

When: 2:00pm,Saturday, July 26th

Where: Le ClaireCommunity Library,323 Wisconsin Street

The Rummells-Maske site in CedarCounty, contained a cache of stone spearpoints (Clovis style) dating to the end ofthe Ice Age, more than 10,000 years ago.

Purpose of the Society• To unite those interested in the archaeology of Iowa.• To foster cooperation among professional and amateur archae-

ologists.• To promote the study, investigation, and interpretation of

prehistoric and historic remains in Iowa.• To provide for the dissemination of knowledge and research in

archaeology and related disciplines.• To encourage the recording and preservation of sites and arti-

facts.• To develop a constructive attitude toward these cultural resources

through education and public involvement.

Society ActivitiesThe IAS meets twice a year in the spring and fall at locations throughoutthe state. The meetings are a venue to learn about Iowa’s rich andinteresting past through workshops, site reports, and specialpresentations. At the spring meeting, the Society presents the Keyes-OrrAward to an individual whose contributions to the IAS and Iowaarchaeology are particularly meritorious.

The Society also offers occasional supervised excavations and field trips.An Archaeological Certification Program gives members the opportunityto learn how to discover and record archaeological sites, assist inexcavation and laboratory activities, and preserve Iowa’s archaeologicalheritage for the future.

Six active local chapters based in Cherokee, Decorah, the Quad Cities,Keokuk, Des Moines, and Cedar Falls offer presentations, news ofcurrent events, outreach activities, and opportunities to sharediscoveries.

Benefits of MembershipIn addition to Society activities, all members receive two publications:

— Journal of the Iowa Archeological Society, published annually, carriesreports of recent investigations conducted in Iowa, and

— Newsletter of the Iowa Archeological Society, publishedquarterly, offers short articles, notices of up-coming activities and events, and local chap-ter news.

The Office of the State Archaeologist also maintainsan email list-serve to announce events of interest tomembers.

Learn More.... www.uiowa.edu/~osa/IAS

The program is supported by Humanities Iowa and the National Endowment forthe Humanities. The views and opinions expressed by this program do notnecessarily reflect those of Humanities Iowa or the National Endowment for theHumanities.

Our sponSersOur sponSersOur sponSersOur sponSersOur sponSersIowa Archeological Societywebsite: www.uiowa.edu/~osa/IASThe University of Iowa Museum of Natural Historywebsite: www.uiowa.edu/~nathistThe University of Iowawebsite: www.uiowa.eduAssociation of Iowa Archaeologistswebsite: www.uiowa.edu/~osa/aiaHumanities Iowawebsite: www.uiowa.edu/~humiowaState Historical Society of Iowawebsite: www.iowahistory.org

Membership for the Iowa Archeological SocietyMembership Year is January 1 to December 31

Please indicate type ofmembership:

Voting Members

_____$20 Active

_____$25 Household

_____$30 Sustaining

Non-Voting Members

_____$9 Student (under 18)

_____$30 Institution

Please make checkspayable to:

Iowa Archeological Society

Mail to:Iowa Archeological Society, c/o Office of the State Archaeologist,

University of Iowa, 700 Clinton Street Building,Iowa City, IA 52242-1030

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Designed by Angela R. Collins, John M. Hall and Cindy L. Nagel

Associationof Iowa

Archaeologists