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Viscosity Presentation By Team Eight. Objective. To determine how fluid a liquid really is by measuring its viscosity. We will simply see how fast a sphere falls through a fluid. The faster the sphere falls, the lower the viscosity. The slower the sphere falls, the higher the viscosity. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Viscosity PresentationViscosity PresentationByBy
Team EightTeam Eight
Objective Objective To determine how fluid a liquid really is by To determine how fluid a liquid really is by
measuring its viscosity. measuring its viscosity. We will simply see how fast a sphere falls We will simply see how fast a sphere falls
through a fluid. The faster the sphere falls, through a fluid. The faster the sphere falls, the lower the viscosity. The slower the the lower the viscosity. The slower the sphere falls, the higher the viscosity. sphere falls, the higher the viscosity.
Material List / Price ListMaterial List / Price ListMaterialsMaterials
Marbles (steel and glass) -$1.00Marbles (steel and glass) -$1.00Motor oil (10W-30) -$2.00 Motor oil (10W-30) -$2.00 Graduated cylinder -$5.00Graduated cylinder -$5.00Calculator-$15.00Calculator-$15.00 Stopwatch -$4.00Stopwatch -$4.00Ruler -$1.00Ruler -$1.00Thermometer-$15.00 Thermometer-$15.00
MethodMethod The measurement involves determining the velocity of the falling The measurement involves determining the velocity of the falling
sphere. This is accomplished by dropping each sphere through a sphere. This is accomplished by dropping each sphere through a measured distance of fluid and measuring how long it takes to measured distance of fluid and measuring how long it takes to traverse the distance. Thus, you know distance and time, so you traverse the distance. Thus, you know distance and time, so you also know velocity, which is distance/time. also know velocity, which is distance/time.
The formula for determining the viscosity is decorated with Greek The formula for determining the viscosity is decorated with Greek letters and a squared term, but simply amounts to multiplying some letters and a squared term, but simply amounts to multiplying some numbers and then dividing by some others: numbers and then dividing by some others:
delta p = difference in density between the sphere and the liquid delta p = difference in density between the sphere and the liquid g = acceleration of gravity g = acceleration of gravity a = radius of sphere a = radius of sphere v = velocity = d/t = (distance sphere falls)/(time of it takes to fall)v = velocity = d/t = (distance sphere falls)/(time of it takes to fall)
Fluid: Water Temperature: °C Fluid: Oil Temperature: °C
Marble: Steel Radius: m Marble: Steel Radius: m
Trial d (m) t (s) v (m/s) h(Pa s) Trial d (m) t (s) v (m/s) h(Pa s)
1 1
2 2
3 3
Fluid: Water Temperature: °C Fluid: Oil Temperature: °C
Marble: Glass Radius: m Marble: Glass Radius: m
Trial d (m) t (s) v (m/s) h(Pa s) Trial d (m) t (s) v (m/s) h(Pa s)
1 1
2 2
3 3
Type of Fluid Water Type of Fluid Oil
Fluid density (p) Fluid density (p)
Density of sphere (p) Density of sphere (p)
Density Contrast Density Contrast
Radius of sphere (a) Radius of sphere (a)
Gravity (g) 9.8 m/s2 Gravity (g) 9.8 m/s2
Fall distance (d) Fall distance (d)
Data EntryData Entry
UsefulUseful TablesTables•g 9.8 m/s2 •Density for water 1000 kg/m3
•Steel marble density 8430 kg/m3
•Glass marble density 2850 kg/m3 •Density for 10W-30 881 kg/m3
Approximate Viscosities of Common Materials(At Room Temperature-70°F) *
Material Viscosity in Centipoise
Water 1 cps
SAE 30 Motor Oil 420-650 cps
SAE 40 Motor Oil 650-900 cps
Castrol Oil 1,000 cps
Karo Syrup 5,000 cps
Honey 10,000 cps
Chocolate 25,000 cps
Ketchup 50,000 cps
Peanut Butter 250,000 cps
•100 Centipoise = 1 Poise 1 Centipoise = 1 mPa s (Millipascal Second)•1 Poise = 0.1 Pa s (Pascal Second)
Setup ModelSetup Model
ResourcesResources
•http://www.vp-scientific.com/Viscosity_Tables.htm
•http://www.spacegrant.hawaii.edu/class_acts/ViscosityTe.html
•http://www.nasaexplores.com/index.php
•Interactive Model
•Cornell University Model