Virtual Prototyping and Optimization of EMC Input …upm.es Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Virtual Prototyping and Optimization of EMC Input Filters Nico Henri Hensgens 4th CEI

ce

i@u

pm

.es

Universidad Politécnica de Madrid

Virtual Prototyping and Optimization of EMC

Input FiltersNico Henri Hensgens

4th CEI Seminar - 25/03/2011Project funded by

25.03.2011 – 4th CEI Seminar2

Contents

Power Electronic Converters

EMI in Power Converters

EMI Input Filters

Virtual Prototyping of Input Filters

Multi-Objective Optimization of Input Filters


Power Electronic Converters

Power Electronic Converters are designed to supply a load in an efficient way with a specific voltage

Normally part of a larger system

Necessity for High Efficiency Small Volume Low Weight Low Cost Short Development Time

PowerConverter Lo

ad

Larger System



Power Converters are Sources of Electromagnetic Interferences (EMI)

PowerConverter Lo

ad




Electromagnetic interferences are high-frequency currents which lie on top of the normal sinusoidal line-current and ground

PowerConverter Lo

ad





PowerConverter

LISN(Line Impedance

Stabilization Network) Load





Two main types are identified: differential mode (DM)

PowerConverter Lo

ad

iDM

LISN(Line Impedance

Stabilization Network)





Two main types are identified: differential mode (DM)

common mode (CM)

PowerConverter Lo

ad

iDM

iCM

LISN(Line Impedance





EMI may interfere with other devices and disturb their normal operation

International standards have been established which limit themaximal levels of EMI power converters may produce

PowerConverter Lo

ad

iDM

iCM

LISN(Line Impedance





A filter needs to be placed between the power converter and themains to limit the EMI levels and to comply with the standards

PowerConverter Lo

adEMI FilterLISN(Line Impedance



EMI Input Filter

The filter does not add anything to the functionality of the powerconverter but is indespensible to comply with the EMC standards

PowerConverter

EMI Filter


EMI Input Filter

The filter does not add anything to the functionality of the powerconverter but is indespensible to comply with the EMC standards

EMI filter adds to the volume, weight, cost and develoment time of the power converter

Need for optimization and efficient design procedure

PowerConverter


EMI Input Filter

T. Nussbaumer, M. L. Heldwein, J.W. KolarCommon Mode EMC Input Filter Design for a Three-Phase Buck-Type PWm rectifier SystemProceedings of APEC’2006

M. Hartmann, H. Ertl, J.W. KolarEMI Filter Design for a 1 MHz, 10 kW Three-Phase/Level PWM RectifierTransactions on Power Electronis, early access

A. Stupar, T. Friedli, j. Miniböck, M. Schweizer, J.W. KolarTowards a 99% Efficient Three-Phase Buck-Type PFC Rectifier for 400 V DC Distribution SystemProceedings of APEC’2011


EMI Input Filter

T. Nussbaumer, M. L. Heldwein, J.W. KolarCommon Mode EMC Input Filter Design for a Three-Phase Buck-Type PWm rectifier SystemProceedings of APEC’2006

M. Hartmann, H. Ertl, J.W. KolarEMI Filter Design for a 1 MHz, 10 kW Three-Phase/Level PWM RectifierTransactions on Power Electronis, early access

A. Stupar, T. Friedli, j. Miniböck, M. Schweizer, J.W. KolarTowards a 99% Efficient Three-Phase Buck-Type PFC Rectifier for 400 V DC Distribution SystemProceedings of APEC’2011


Input Filter Design

Classical Design Approach: Perform EMI measurements on existing prototype of the power converter Design EMI filter based on these measurements Calculation of filter components assuming ideal components and ignoring high-

frequency effects Several design iterations necessary until standards are met This approach results in long design times and suboptimal designs


Input Filter Design

Classical Design Approach: Perform EMI measurements on existing prototype of the power converter Design EMI filter based on these measurements Calculation of filter components assuming ideal components and ignoring high-

frequency effects Several design iterations necessary until standards are met This approach results in long design times and suboptimal designs

Filter design based on detailed analytical models and numerical simulations Start filter design at an earlier design stage

of converter system Reduce development time and time-to-market


Input Filter Virtual Prototyping

Main issues: EMI levels of power converter need

to be calculated in advance

Filter design based on detailed analyticalmodels and numerical simulations Start filter design at an earlier design stage


Converter System

EMC Simulations




to be calculated in advance Based on simulated results, the filter

design can be started



Converter System

EMC Simulations

Selection of DM and CM Filter Topology




to be calculated in advance Based on simulated results, the filter

design can be started High-frequency effects need to be taken

into account since they have a strongeffect on the filter performance



Converter System

EMC Simulations

Selection of DM and CM Filter Topology

Filter Component High-Frequency Couplings


EMI Input Filter – High-Frequency Effects

Effect of parasitic components and coupling on filter performance

Frequency [Hz]

Filte

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tion

[dBµ

V]

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Incr

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Incr

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velo

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-250

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Ideal Components

Frequency [Hz]

Filte

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[dBµ

V]




Incr

easi

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velo

f det

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Ideal ComponentsConsidering parasitic components

Frequency [Hz]

Filte

rAtt

enua

tion

[dBµ

V]




Incr

easi

ngle

velo

f det

ail

Frequency [Hz]

Filte

rAtt

enua

tion

[dBµ

V]

103

104

105

106

107

108

-300

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

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Ideal ComponentsConsidering parasitic componentsConsidering parasitics and coupling




Incr

easi

ngle

velo

f det

ail

Frequency [Hz]

Filte

rAtt

enua

tion

[dBµ

V]

103

104

105

106

107

108

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-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

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Conducted EMI standardsfrequency range:150 kHz – 30 MHz




Incr

easi

ngle

velo

f det

ail

Frequency [Hz]

Filte

rAtt

enua

tion

[dBµ

V]

103

104

105

106

107

108

-300

-250

-200

-150

-100

-50

0

50


Conducted EMI standardsfrequency range:150 kHz – 30 MHz

High Frequency effects must be taken into account


Input Filter Virtual Prototyping and Optimization

Traditional design approach and single-objective optimization

Cost

Design Time Volume

LossesWeight




Optimization with respect to Cost:optimal cost higher volume




Optimization with respect to Volumeoptimal volume higher cost and longer design time




Single-objective optimization generally leads to optimal result in onedimension, but performance degradations in other dimensions

Traditional design approach leads to long design time

Cost

Design Time Volume

LossesWeight

State of the Art



Expected benefits from new approach

Use of multi-objective optimization techniques can lead to overall better solution Mathematical description of system considering all relevant factors Definition and optimization of a figure of merit min { f(cost, volume, losses,…) }

Cost

Design Time Volume

LossesWeight

State of the Art




Use of multi-objective optimization techniques can lead to overallbetter solution

Virtual Prototyping can lead to shorter design time

Cost

Design Time Volume

LossesWeight

State of the Art




Use of multi-objective optimization techniques can lead to overallbetter solution

Virtual Prototyping can lead to shorter design time


Research Line - Summary

Power Converters are Sources of EMI

A Filter is mandatory to comply with international standards

The filter adds to the volume, weight, losses, cost and developmenttime of the converter system

Virtual Prototyping of the input filter can significantly reduce thedevelopment time and time-to-market of the converter system

Multi-objective optimization of the input filter can lead to a smaller, cheaper and more efficient solution


Project funded by

Documents

Virtual Prototyping and Optimization of EMC Input …upm.es Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Virtual Prototyping and Optimization of EMC Input Filters Nico Henri Hensgens 4th CEI