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Plan Period : 2014-2015 to 2023-2024
Year of Publication : December, 2015
By
Dilip Kumar Das I.F.S
Chief Conservator of Forests
Project Elephant MYSURU
PREFACE
The revision of Virajpet Working Plan was due from 01-04-2011. Due to various
reasons like lack of man-power support, and vacancy in the level of executive field
staff, the revision process was delayed. The inventory work of the growing stock of
forests and plantations of Virajpet division was done during 2010-2011. The inventory
was designed with 0.1% sampling intensity for natural forests and 1.0% sampling
intensity for fuel wood and teak plantations. Attempts were made to make the
prescriptions and suggestions as practicable as possible. The prescriptions have been
made strictly based on the condition of the forest as assessed from the field data
collected during the inventory work and as per the observations made during the
various field visits and discussions held with the local officers. While preparing the
plan more priority has been given for improvement operation due to present
precarious conditions of the forests. However, wherever possible approximate yield has
been prescribed for generating revenue to the state.
The draft plan(PWPR-II) of Virajpet division was discussed in the working plan
approval committee meeting chaired by Sri. G.S.Prabhu, I.F.S Additional Principal Chief
Conservator of Forests, (EWPT) (Retd) on 17-01-2013. The suggestions made during
the presentation and discussion have been incorporated and the draft plan was
modified accordingly. In this connection, I express my sincere gratitude to Sri. Dipak
Sarmah, I.F.S, Principal Chief Conservator of Forests, HoFF (Retd) for his constant
guidance during his tenure as APCCF in Working Plan Wing. I express sincere thanks
to Sri. G.S.Prabhu, I.F.S (Retd) and Dr.Ravi Ralph I.F.S. for their valuable guidance
offered during their tenure as APCCF (Working Plan). I also specially thank Sri. Kolla
Sri Saibaba, I.F.S, CCF , Working Plan, Sri. K.S. Sugara I.F.S, APCCF,
Sri. H.G. Shivananda Murthy, I.F.S, APCCF, Dr.D.S. Ravindran, APCCF and
Sri.Ajay Misra, I.F.S. APCCF for their inspiration and guidance. I thank
Sri B.K. Dikshit, IFS, APCCF for his contribution in preparation of the draft working
plan. I also thank Sri. M.S. Puttaswamy , SFS, Dr P.Shankar I.F.S. Dr Malathipriya,
I.F.S. for their co-operation during their tenure as DCF, Virajpet. I also thank A.C.Fs,
RFOs and other staff of Virajpet division. I thank Smt.Saswathi Mishra,I.F.S, and staff
of ICT wing for providing GIS maps. I also thank Sri.Gaonkar D.S. IFS, CF, Working
Plan, Mysuru for his help. I convey my special thanks to Mr.Amarnath Shetty IFS,
Additional Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (Central), Regional Office, Bengaluru
and Sri Vijay Kumar Gogi, IFS, Secretary (Forest), Bengaluru for timely approval of
this working plan.
I am also thankful to Sri K.Nagaraju, D.C.F, Sri T.Venkatesh, A.C.F, and
Sri V.Ramalinge Gowda, A.C.F who worked in the working plan wing, Mysore and
contributed in field inventory and in collection of data. I also thank Sri. K.M. Srinivas
Murthy, DCF and T.A. to CF, Working Plan, Mysore, Sri.N.E.Kranthi, ACF , all the RFOs
and staff of Working Plan wing Mysore for their assistance in the preparation of this
plan.
Mysuru
03.12.2015
(Sd/-)
(DILIP KUMAR DAS IFS)
Chief Conservator of Forests, (Project Elephant), Mysuru
CONTENTS
Section No. Page No.
Executive Summary of the Working Plan I - XXIV
PART - 1
CHAPTER -1
SUMMARY OF FACTS ON WHICH PROPOSALS ARE BASED
1 Name and Situation 1
2 Physical geography and configuration of the ground 2
3 Geology, Rock and Soil 2 – 3
4 Climate Parameters 3 – 5
5 Water supply 5 – 6
6 Distribution and area 6 – 8
7 Survey position 8
8 Working plan position 8 – 9
9 State of boundaries 9
10 Legal position 10 – 11
11 Rights and concessions 11
12 Commitments 12
13 List of past Deputy Conservator of Forests 12
14 Land use pattern 12
CHAPTER-II
THE FOREST
1 Composition and condition of the crop 13 – 19
2 Injuries to which the crop is liable 19 – 21
CHAPTER-III
UTILIZATION OF THE PRODUCE
1 Agricultural customs and wants of the population 22 – 23
2 Other sources of demand 23
3 Marketable produce 23 – 25
4 Markets and lines of export 25
5 Method of exploitation and cost 25 – 26
6 Past and current prices 26
CHAPTER-IV
ACTIVITIES OF KARNATAKA FOREST DEVELOPMENT
CORPORATION (KFDC) IN HARVESTING AND MARKETING OF
FOREST PRODUCE, RESULT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY
1 General 27 – 28
2 Socio- economic situation 28 – 29
3 JFPM Programme and Forest Resource Management 29
CHAPTER-V
1 FIVE YEAR PLANS 30 – 32
CHAPTER-VI
STAFF AND LABOUR SUPPLY
1 Staff position 33 – 34
2 Labour force 34
3 Wage rates 34
CHAPTER-VII
PAST MANAGEMENT
1 Past System of Management 35 – 54
CHAPTER-VIII
STATISTICS OF STOCKING, GROWTH AND VOLUME
1 Inventory results of naturally growing trees in state forests 55 – 57
2 Inventory results in Devarakadus (protected forests) 58
3 Inventory results of Bamboo 59
4 Inventory results of Teak plantations 59
5 Overall summary of inventory results 59-60
6 Chippinahole linear tree increment plot 61
7 Bannadapare linear tree increment plot 62
PART -II
FUTURE MANAGEMENT DISCUSSED AND PRESCRIBED
CHAPTER-1
BASIS OF PROPOSALS
1 Objects of Management 63
2 Method of Treatment to be adopted 64
3 Constitution of working circles 64
4 Allotment of areas to working circles 65 – 66
5 Period of the plan 66
CHAPTER-II
PROTECTION WORKING CIRCLE
1 General Constitution of the Working circle 67 – 68
2 Specific objects of Management 68
3 Allotment of the area to the working circle 68
4 Proposed treatment 69
5 Statistics of Growth 69
CHAPTER-III
IMPROVEMENT WORKING CIRCLE
1 General Constitution of the Working circle 70
2 Specific objects of Management 70
3 Allotment of the area to the working circle 71
4 Cycle of salvage logging 71
5 Rules for marking and extraction 71-72
6 Improvement operations 72-73
7 Watershed Management & Soil and Moisture Conservation 74
8 Calculation of yield 74
CHAPTER-IV
TEAK PLANTATION WORKING CIRCLE
1 General constitution of the working circle 75
2 Specific objects of Management 75
3 Exploitable girth and rotation 75 – 76
4 Thinning 76 – 77
5 Area allotted to the working circle 77
6 Thinning marking 78
7 Management of partially failed teak plantations 79
8 Tending 80
9 Identification of plantation area 80
10 Statistics of yield 80
CHAPTER-V
BAMBOO OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE
1 General Constitution of the Working circle 81
2 Objects of Management 82
3 Method of treatment 82-83
4 Felling Cycle 83
5 Allotment of Area to the working circle 83-84
6 Regeneration 84
7 Statistics of growth and yield 84-85
CHAPTER-VI
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT OVERLAPPING
WORKING CIRCLE 86 – 89
CHAPTER-VII
NON TIMBER FOREST PRODUCES OVERLAPPING WORKING
CIRCLE
1 General Constitution of the Working circle 90
2 Specific Objects of Management 90-91
3 Allotment of Area 91-93
4 Method of Sale 93-94
5 General Measures 94-95
CHAPTER-VIII
MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS
1 Forest land and consolidated management 96-99
2 Sandal wood management 100-103
3 Joint Forest planning and management 103-105
4 Grazing 106
5 Fire protection 106
6 Petty fallings 107
7 Research plots 107
8 Buildings 107
9 Farm Forestry 107
10 Application of Forest Management information system 107
11 Biodiversity Conservation 108
12 Afforastation and management of grassy blanks 108
13 Petty removal of dead & fallen trees 108
CHAPTER-IX
1 GENERAL FINANCIAL FORECAST AND FINANCIAL PLAN OF
OPERATION
109-114
CHAPTER-X
ESTABLISHMENT AND LABOUR 115-118
CHAPTER-XI
CONTROL AND RECORDS 119-120
1 Deviation 120
CHAPTER-XII
SUMMARY OF PRESCRIPTIONS
1 General objects of management 120
2 Constitution of working circles 120
3 Protection working circle 121
4 Improvement working circle 122
5 Teak plantation working circle 123
6 Bamboo overlapping working circle 124
7 Wildlife Management overlapping working circle 125
8 NTFP overlapping working circle 126
9 Miscellaneous regulations 127
ANNEXURE LIST
Annexure No. Page No.
I (a) Land Classification details (Village wise) Range wise as per updated
revenue records
128 – 133
I (b) Reserved Forests 134
I (c) Protected Forests 135 – 148
I (d) List of Jamma Malai Holders – Padinalknad Reserve Forest 149 – 154
I (e) Details of paisari lands (C and D lands) surveyed and proposed for
section 4 notification
155
I (f) List of Section-IV notified area 156 – 157
II Details of total geographical areas of Division and Ranges 158
III (a) Statement showing the rainfall data in Virajpet Division 159
III (b) Statement showing the Temperature of Kodagu district for the last 10
years
160
III (c) Statement showing the Relative humidity of Kodagu district for the last
10 years
161
IV Sanctioned working scheme of Virajpet division for the year 2012-13 162 – 190
V Notification of the Commissioner of Coorg, Bangalore dated :
23.4.1906
191 – 203
VI Forest leases since inception of the division and leases which are in
force pertaining to Virajpet Division.
204
VII List of deputy conservator of forest worked in the Virajpet division 205 – 206
VIII (a) Growing stock of Natural forests in Virajpet Division (CPT Wise) 207 – 216
VIII (b) Growing stock of Devarakadus in Virajpet Division 217 – 235
VIII (c) Obverse J Curves 236 – 243
VIII (d) Statement showing the natural regeneration, forestry density and forest
types in Virajpet Division
244 – 266
VIII (e) Statement showing the growing stock of Bamboo in natural forests of
Virajpet Division
267 – 271
IX List of Non Timber Forest Produce available in the division 272
X Collection of NTFP by LAMP Society since 1999-2000 to 2013-14 in
the Virajpet Division.
273 – 274
XI Forest depot-wise sales of timber and firewood in the Virajpet Division
since 2000-01 to 2013-14.
275 – 277
XII Average rate fetched per m3 for the timber and non-timber materials
sold at government timber depot,
278 – 287
XIII Socio Economic Profile of the Village Forest Committees of Virajpet
Division
288
XIV Plan progress statement from 2000-01 to 2013-14 in Virajpet Division 289 – 296
XV List of Category wise Daily Wage Mazdoors and wage rates 297
XVI Statement showing the distribution of sample plots in various reserved
forests of Virajpet Division
298 – 300
XVII List of Teak Plantations & their Growing stocks in Thithimathi Range
of Virajpet Division
301 – 307
XVIII (a) The details of species occurring in various stories 308
XVIII (b) Rate of annual diameter increment for species from Tropical Forests of
India
309
XIX (a) Statement Showing the List of Mixed kind of Plantation for the period
1992-93 to 2013-2014.
310 – 320
XIX (b) List of compensatory plantation raised in the Virajpet Division. 321
XX Guesstimates of hydrological contribution of forests of Virajpet
Division
322
XXI Statement showing the Dead and Fallen trees available in Natural forest
including Devarakadus of Virajpet Division
323 – 327
XXII Thinning Schedule for Teak Plantations during the Year 2014- 2015 to
2022-2023.
328
XXIII Statement showing the estimated number and weight of green damaged,
dry damaged bamboos
329
XXIV Growing stock of Non-Timber Forest Produce tree species in Natural
forests in Virajpet Division (CPT Wise)
330 – 347
XXV (a) Details of encroachment in forest land prior 27-4-1978 in Virajpet
Division
348
XXV (b) Details of Encroachment after 25-10-1980 and progress of eviction in
Virajpet Division
349
XXV (c) Details of Irregular Encroachment before 27-4-1978 (Includes cases
rejected by Deputy Commissioner) and Progress of Eviction.
350
XXVI Compensation given for the crop damages, injury and human death due
to wild animals since 1999-2000 to 2013-14 pertains to Virajpet
Division.
351
XXVII (a) The details of natural death of wild elephant (2001-02 to 2013-14) 352 – 353
XXVII (b) The details of un natural death of wild elephant by poaching / electricity
/ gunshot etc., (2001-02 to 2013-14)
354
XXVIII Elephant proof trenches and Solar fencing from 2000-01 to 2013-14 in
Virajpet Forest Division.
355 – 359
XXIX (a) Year wise proposed program for preventing man animal conflict in
Virajpet division from 2014-15 to 2015-16
360
XXIX (b) Statement showing the proposed year wise program/ special activities to
be taken up along the forest boundary to strengthen elephant barrier.
361 – 365
XXIX (c) Establishment and maintenance of Anti Poaching Camps / Anti
Smuggling Camps in Makut, Mundrote and Thithimathi Range
366
XXIX (d) Programme for formation and maintenance of Anti Depredation Camps
for effective mitigation of man animal conflict in the division from
2014-15 to 2023-24.
367
XXIX (e) Programme for year wise creation of new water holes for effective
wildlife habitat management in Thithimathi Range.
368
XXIX (f) Year wise programme for de-siltation of existing water holes for
effective wildlife habitat management (only in Thithimathi Range).
369 – 370
XXX List of research plots / orchards established in Virajpet Division. 371
XXXI Statement showing the residential quarters, office buildings and forest
rest house.
372 – 381
XXXII Estimated expenditure for sandalwood regeneration under
miscellaneous regulations
382
XXXIII List of checking nakas (deleted / added since inception of division also
to be given with reasons.)
383
XXXIV Particulars of Ghat Forests of Virajpet Forest Division 384 – 385
XXXV (a) Additional number of Permanent Cairns/ concrete boundary pillars to
be fixed along the Reserved Forest boundary bordering to private land
and Kerala State boundary
386 – 388
XXXV (b) Year wise programme for consolidation of forest land and estimated
cost
389
XXXVI Nursery wise seedlings raised since 1999-2000 to 2013-14 in the
Virajpet Division.
390 – 392
XXXVII Seedlings raised and distributed to public since 2000-01 to 2013-14 in
Virajpet Division
393
XXXVIII Details of thinning done in teak plantations in the Virajpet Division
since 1996-97 to 2010-11.
394 – 396
XXXIX Extraction of Bamboo done in the Virajpet Division since 1999-2000 to
2010-11.
397
XL Forest Offence Cases since 1999-2000 to 2013-14 pertains to Virajpet
Division.
398 – 401
XLI Statement showing the establishment of saw mill since inception of the
division.
402
XLII (a) Extraction of dead and fallen trees in the Virajpet Division since 1999-
2000 to 2010-11.
403
XLII (b) Extraction of Wild elephant damaged trees in the Virajpet Division
since 1999-2000 to 2010-11.
404
XLIII Statement showing the department vehicles in the Virajpet Division. 405 – 408
XLIV Statement showing the information regarding roads since the inception
of the Division.
409 – 411
XLV Statement showing the information regarding wells and bridges since
the inception.
412 – 415
XLVI Anti-poaching camps from 2000-01 to 2013-14 in the Virajpet Division. 416 – 417
XLVII Cattle proof trenches from 2000-01 to 2010-11 in Virajpet Forest
Division.
418
XLVIII Fire protection measures under taken in the Virajpet Forest Division
from 2000-01 to 2013-14.
419 – 421
XLIX (a) Statement showing the record of individual rights under ST and Other
Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 in
Makut Range.
422 – 423
XLIX (b) Statement showing the record of individual rights under ST and Other
Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 in
Thithimathi Range.
424 – 455
XLX (a) Details of Encroachment of forest lands in Virajpet division 456 – 473
XLX (b) Encroachment Eviction Details as on 25-01- 2015 in Virajpet division 474
XLX (c) Details of Encroachment of Paisari lands in Virajpet division 475 – 476
MAPS
1 Administrative map of Virajpet Division
2 Vegetation map of Virajpet Division
3 Champion and Seth classification map of Virajpet division
4 Compartment boundary map of Virajpet division.
5 Map of protection working circle in Kerti Reserved Forests, Virajpet
division
6 Map of protection working circle in Padinalknad Reserved Forests,
Virajpet division
7 Map of improvement working circle in Devamachi and Mavukal, Virajpet
division
8 Map of Teak plantation management working circle in Devamachi and
Mavukal, Reserved Forests, Virajpet division.
9 Map of EPT, CPT & Solar Fence in Devamachi and Mavukal Reserved
Forests, Virajpet division.
APPENDICES
Appendix
no.
Page No.
IMPROVEMENT WORKING CIRCLE
I Record of yield 477
I a Control book 477
I b Record of improvement works carried out 477
TEAK PLANTATION WORKING CIRCLE
II Record of yield 478
II a Control book 478
II b Record of tending operations carried out 478
BAMBOO OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE
III Control of felling 479
IV NTFP OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE 479
V REGISTER OF DEVIATION FROM THE WORKING PLAN 479
PHOTOGRAPHS
SpeciesNo of trees
salvaged
No of logs,poles
etc.
Volume of
timber
Out turn of
firewood
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Name of
the forestCompt no
No of the
block
Name of the
forestCompt no. No of the block
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Name of
the forestCompt no
No of the
blockYear Cost
Discription of
work
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Appendix I(b)
Improvement Working Circle
Record of improvement works carried out
Range…………………Division……………….Circle……………….for the year…………….
Locality Year of
improvement
operations as
Operations actually carried out
Remarks
Range………………….Division………………..Circle…………………for the year………….
Year
Provision of the plan Operations actually carried outComparisio
n of Results
whether
area
salvaged is
the same as
given in the
plan
Remarks
Locality to be exploited
Kind, no. of
dead/fallen
trees & Qty to
be salvaged
Locality exploited
Kind, no. and
Qty. of
salvaged
material
Compt noBlock to be
exploited
Timber/Firewood
Appendix I(a)
Improvement Working Circle
Control Book
Appendix I
Improvement Working Circle
Record of Yield
Range………………….Division……………………Circle…………..for the year……………..
Year
Locality to be exploited Results of operation
Value RemarksName of
the forest
477
Year areaNo. of poles
extractedSpecifications
No. of stumps
extracted
Volume of
timber(cmt)
Out-turn of
Firewood(c
mt)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Name of
the forestCompt no.
Year of
plantation
Plantation
area
Name of the
forestCompt no.
Year of
plantation
No of trees
actually
thinned
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Name of
ForestCompt no.
Year of
plantationPlantation area Year Cost
Discription
of work
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Range………………………………...……. Division…………………..………….……. Circle…………………….....………….for the
year……………….……….
Locality Year of tending
operations as
prescribed in
Operations actually carried out
Remarks
Locality exploited
LocalityTrees
thinned
Appendix II(b)
Teak Working Circle
Record of Tending Operations Carried - out
Control Book
Range………………………………...……. Division…………………..………….……. Circle…………………….....………….for the year……………….……….
Provision of the Plan
No of trees to be
thinned
Operations actually carried out
No of trees
to be
thinned
Comparision of Results
RemarksYear
Locality to be exploited
Plantation Poles Timber/Firewood
Value
Appendix II(a)
Teak Working Circle
Appendix II
Teak Working Circle
Record of Thinning Yield
Range……………...……. Division…………………….……. Circle…………………….....………….for the year……………….……….
Year
Thinnings carried out Results of Operation
RemarksName of
forestCompt no.
478
Variety Quantity
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Yield Revenue Yield Revenue Yield Revenue Yield Revenue
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Section
Paragraph
Nature of
prescription
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Appendix V
REGISTER OF DEVIATION FROM THE WORKING PLAN
Name of
the
deviation
Control book
name form
and page
Reference to working plan Nature of
deviations
requiring
Sanction order
and dateRemarks
Appendix IV
Non Timber Forest Produce Overlapping Working circle
Record of yield and revenue realised
Division………………..Circle…………………..for the year……………..
YearThithimathi Range Makut Range Mundrote Range Total
Remarks
Coupe no AreaRevenue
realised
Out turn
Bamboo Working Circle
Control of Fellings
Felling series………………………Range………………….Division…………………….Circle…………..
Year
Prescription of working plan Work actually done
RemarksCoupe no Area
Qty of bamboo
to be extracted
Appendix III
479
- 162 -
ANNEXURE - IV
WORKING SCHEME OF VIRAJPET FOREST DIVISION
FOR THE YEAR 2012-2013
CONTENTS
PART – 1
CHAPTER – I
1.0 : THE TRACT DEALT WITH
1.01 : Introduction
Virajpet Forest Division was formed during 1992 vide Government Order No.:
AHFF/83/FNG /92/ Bangalore dated 8/5/92 by carving out certain areas from the old
Madikeri division and old Hunsur division as they existed before 1992. Forest areas of
Thithimathi range especially Mavukal and Devamachi reserved forest have come from old
Hunsur division and areas of Kerti and Padinalaknad Reserved Forest of Makut and
Mundrote Ranges have come from old Madikeri division
1.02 : Distribution of Area
The total geographical area of the division is 1410.48 sq Kms and Reserved forest
area of the Division is 29499.31 Ha, Protected Forest (Devarakadu, Ambala, Mandus) is
1607.00 Ha and Section (4) notified area is 426.79 Ha. Total Forest area of the Division is:
31533.1 Ha.
1.03 : Administrations of the Division
Virajpet is one of the Taluk Place of Kodagu District. Virajpet Forest Division
comprises 2 Sub-Divisions namely, Virajpet and Thithimathi Sub Divisions. 5 Teritorial ranges
namely, Virajpet, Ponnampet, Thithimathi, Makut and Mundrote Ranges. Also includes 1
Survey Unit Range, 2 Tree Unit Ranges and 1 Government Timber Depot at Thithimathi.
- 163 -
1.04 : Location
Virajpet Division is situated in Kodagu District. The boundary of the division lies
between latitudes 11°55’ to 12° 20’ north and between longitudes 75° 25’ to 76° 05’ east
of Greenwich. As per the Government order of re organization of the divisions as referred
to above, the southern boundary of the compartment number 16 is the boundary
between Virajpet division and Hunsur wildlife division Therefore the part of the Arkeri
reserved forest which is in compartment number 16 should fall in Virajpet division. But
as per the notification of Nagaahole National park vide G.O NO.FFD 195 FWL 82, Bangalore
dated 16-3-1983 the western boundary of the park runs from Kaimara along the D line of
Karnataka and Kerala states and along the western boundary of Nalkeri Hatghat and
Arkeri reserved forests till it touches the starting point of Thithimathi- Anechowkur road .
According to the notification of the National Park, the Thithimathi – Anechowkur road is
the boundary between Virajpet division and Hunsur wildlife division. For administrative
convenience the same may be continued. The total length of the forest boundary is 350
Kms of which 72 Kms constitute inter-state boundary between Karnataka and Kerala along
the southern and western sides of Virajpet division.
1.05 : Topography
The tract has mountainous configuration with rivers , valleys, ravines , spurs ect. The
tract becomes undulating and plains towards the east , while towards the west , it attains
great heights with precipitous slopes. In northwest and southwest directions it is
intersected by a chain of hills, which further project out into innumerable ridges on
either sides, losing their heights gradually as they recede further but have almost every
where sharp peaks . The general elevation of the tract varies from 100 m to 1745 m. The
highest peak of Kodagu district, Tadiandmol, with an elevation of 1745 m. is situated in this
tract . The area is drained primarily towards the east by a number of streams forming
tributaries of important rivers like Cauvery and Lakshmanthirtha
1.06 : Drainage
Major portion of the division drains eastwards into the Cauvery and Laxmanthirtha
rivers which ultimately join the Bay of Bengal. As the area is situated in the western Ghats
that receive heavy to very heavy rainfall, there are several rivulets and streams of seasonal
- 164 -
or perennial nature transecting the area and later joining the tributaries of the main rivers
Bara pole is the only important river that flows towards the west and joins the Arabian Sea.
The following rivers drain the evergreen tract of the division
1) Matre Hole
2) Kerti Hole
3) Udumbe Hole
4) Pulike Hole
5) Padaimalai Hole and
6) Nadumalai Hole
The following rivers drain the eastern plains and deciduous tracts of this division
1) Cauvery river and its tributaries
2) Laxmanathirtha river and its tributaries.
Most of these rivers originate in the high mountains covered with lush green
vegetation and have water form major of the year. But as they flow through highly rugged
terrain, they are not suitable for navigation or for assured irrigation round theyear. In
Virajpet taluk, there are a few natural reservoirs which contain water throughout the year .
These are locally called Kolly. Presence of several streams, rivers Kollies and tanks in the
region besides the open wells and bore wells mitigates the water problem in the summer
season.
1.07 : Geology
There is wide variability of soil in depth and composition in different parts of the
division. In the eastern part, especially in the Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests,
where the rainfall is relatively less and ground is gently undulating , leaching out effect is
not there , and soils are clayey loam and deep. But in the western and southwest parts
where rainfall is high soil is literate, latrritic bright red or yellow in colour. In some patches.
they are loamy but having a sandy top layer. Areas covered with thick vegetation and
multistoried forests have deep and fertile soil. In areas receiving heavy rainfall, there exists
a delicate balance between the vegetation cover and quality of soil. In the absence of thick
vegetal cover, soils are either washed away exposing the underlying rock or have become
laterite.
- 165 -
1.08 : Climate.
The climate of the region may be broadly termed as tropical except at the higher
reaches of the hills where it is montane sub-tropical. Heavy to very heavy rainfall, high
humidity and cold nights characterize it. It may be divided into four seasons The period of
June to September is the monsoon period: October and November constitute a post
monsoon period; the period between December to February is characterized by clear
bright weather with cold night followed by summer season between March and May.
There is wide variation of rainfall in the western and eastern parts. It decreases from
west to east In the western Part, Makut and Mundrote receive rainfall of about 5290 mm
while in the eastern part, Thithimathi receives about 1000 mm rainfall. Eighty percent of
the rainfall is received during the period of southwest monsoon. However in the post
monsoon period of October –November, it also gets rainfall by northeast monsoon or due
to depression/cyclones formed in the Arabian Sea which moves towards east and crosses
over region. Some showers are common during April-May, which are locally called blossom
showers .
Temperature also varies considerably from top of the hills to the foothills. During the
cold season the temperature drops up to 10.3’C at the upper portion of hill. During the
summer season, the temperature at the foothills and especially in the eastern part rises
up to 35.0’C. But the Mean maximum and mean minimum temperature is 28.6’C and 12.0’C
respectively. In general air remains quite humid all through the year, particularly in rainy
season. Fog is also quite common in the region except during the period from March to
May.
The winds are generally light to moderate and sometimes become severe during the
southwest monsoon. Winds mainly blow between the southwest and northwest direction
during the Southwest monsoon season .In the post monsoon season. winds are mainly
northeasterly or easterly. But on some days, northwesterly winds blow in the afternoons.
During the rest of the years, winds are from the directions between north and east in the
mornings and between southwest and northwest in the afternoons.
- 166 -
1.09 : Demography of the Division
Kodavas are the major population of this area. Gowdas, Muslims, Christians, Jains,
Jenukurubas, Kurubas and Yeravas are living together.
Virajpet Division Consists of 120 Villages of Virajpet Taluk and 13 Villages of Madikeri
Taluk.
Major Crop is Coffee and Paddy. Inter Crops like Pepper, Areca Nut, Coconut, Palm
are also grown.
1.10 : JFPM :
This scheme was introduced in this division from 2004-2005. Total area recognized in
this scheme is 8720 Ha. Total area treated till date is 1830 Ha. Balance area 6523 Ha. During
2012-2013 maintenance of 275 Ha plantations has been carried out.
- 167 -
CHAPTER – II
2.00 : THE FORESTS
2.01 : The Forests of the Division in General.
The Forests of this division are tropical moist and dry types.
2.02 : Different Types
1. Moist Tropical Wet Evergreen Forest :
It is confined to the Ghats and the Vegetation forms several strata with very tall
trees. These forest in most of the areas appear to be climatic climax and are found mainly
in the
Kerti and padinalknad reserved forest Predominant species are Dysoxylum malabariicum
Dipterocarups indius, Hopea, parviflora, Mesua, ferrea, Sterculia ,alata, Canarium strictum,
Calophyllum tomentosum, Vateria indica etc.
2. Moist Tropical Semi Evergreen Forest :
It is an intermediate type between the Tropical evergreen and Tropical moist
deciduous forest types. It rather difficult to distinguish this type of forests in the field on
account of its presence in patches or along with group of species characteristic of other
types. This type is confined mostly in the foothills or flat land on soils formed from the
crystalline rocks in the Kerti and padinalkand reserved forests. The common tree species in
the upper storey are xylia xylocarpa, Terminalia, paniculata Langerstroemia lanceolata
Hopea parviflora etc.
3. Moist Deciduous Forest :
It comprises of Species that remain leafless during March and April and is seen
around the fringes , opening of lower slops and in plains mainly in the Devamachi and
Mavukal reserved forest. Important species found are Big Bamboo (Bambusa bamboos)
Dalbergia latifolia Terminalia Paniculata, Terminalia tomentosa, Tectona grandis
- 168 -
Lagerstroemia lanceolata, Adina cordifolia, Grewia tilaefolia Bombax ceiba Anogeissus
latifolia xylia xylocarpa etc.
4. Dry Deciduous Forest (5A/C3)
This type of Forest is formed by species which remain deciduous for greater part
of the year. The canopy is uneven and is not particularly dense. The growth under consists
of a few shrubs and grassy growth, which become more prominent where burning is
resorted to. Canes and palms are absent and bamboo, whenever present, is dry and
stunted .These types of Forests are found in the degraded portions of Devamachi and
Mavkal reserved forests Main species found under this category are anogeissus latifolia
terminalia chebula, terminalia Paniculata grewia tiliaefolia Albiza odoratissima Pterocarpus
Marsupium, Lagerstroemia, Parviflora , Dalbergia paniculata Zizyphus xylopyrous Randia
Dumatorum Bauhinias racemosa Diospyrous melanoxylon etc.
5. Grass lands.
The grass lands which are found in these areas, intermixed with the forests are the
result of the degradation to which these forests have been subjected to in the past. The
degradation might have been caused because of faulty management practices resulting
in loss of tree cover causing erosion or because of repeated fire and other biotic factors.
In Mundrote and Makut ranges, these grasslands are seen on top of the ridges and these
continue to exist because of annual fires. These can be classified as high rainfall
grasslands, normally at an altitude above 750 m. and low rainfall grasslands , usually at an
altitude below 750 m these grasslands perpetuate themselves because of adverse
edaphic and biotic factors
6. Swamps
These are commonly called Hadlus in the local language .These are swampy flat
lands which exist at different places in varying extents outside the reserved forests these
have been converted as paddy fields but inside reserved forests these are cultivated
unauthorizely. The current information regarding their actual number and extent in
various forests is not available In Alva’s working plan of old Hunsur Division the extent of
- 169 -
Hadlus in Devamachi and Mavkal reserved forests was assessed to be 2560 acres and
2000 acres respectively.
The forest in the padinalknad reserved forests and Kerti reserved forests can be
broadly classified under the category of evergreen and semi evergreen type. The total
area under this category is 22212.70 ha. The forests in the Mavukal reserved forests and
Devamachi reserved forests can be broadly classified under the category of moist and
dry deciduous types. The total area under this category is 7004.40 ha. In the deciduous
type an extent of 1846.15 ha is under swamps or hadlus
7. Fauna:
Variety of fauna is found in Virajpet division Rugged terrain, dense forests,
lushgreen valleys and perennial water streams flowing across the area offer ideal for wide
range of mammals, reptiles fishes, amphibians, birds and insects. But increasing human
population and consequent shrinkage and degradation of the habitat have had adverse
impact on wildlife Because of rich wildlife of the region, the Nagarhole wildlife sanctuary
(Now the Rajiv Gandhi national Park with the inclusion of some area of the Mysore district)
was established way back in July 1955 The Brahmagiri wildlife sanctuary comprising
Brahmagiri and Urti reserved forests were notified in 1974 subsequently other sanctuaries
in Coorg district viz Pushpagiri and Talcauvery were notified Although these wildlife areas
are outside Virajpet division, as these
are located very close by, wide variety of fauna is found in the division. During the
preparation of the previous Working plans of old Madikeri division and old Hunsur division
these wildlife areas were included in these division. After the reorganization of divisions,
these are independent administrative units under the control of wildlife divisions/ sub-
divisions. In spite of the fact the human habitations and cultivated areas are surrounded by
forests rich in wildlife damage caused to life and property is not so high.
The important animals are Tiger, Panther, Elephant , Sambar, Spotted deer, Barking
deer wild dog, Grey languor etc.. Other typical rain forest fauna are Nilgiri languor, Brown
Palm civet and Lion tailed macaque. In addition to these, carnivores like Jackal , Jungle cat
- 170 -
Rusty spotted Leopard cat, Small Indian civet, Common palm civet, Common mongoose,
Brown mongoose, Stripe necked mongoose are also present in the area. Birds commonly
found in these forest are Black eagle , Great horn bill, Soaring vulture , Malabar trogon,
Nilgiri black bird, Parrot, Wood peckers, Barn owls, Cuckoo, Red Winged Crested cuckoo,
Peafowl and Jungle fowl. The Honeybee is an asset in the area as it gives honey and
thereby supports the local apiculture industry . Important reptiles are King Cobra, Cobra,
Python and Russell viper .Tortoises are also occasionally seen in paddy fields and small
tanks and also in the evergreen patches of Mundrote and Makut ranges.
2.03 : Distribution of Forests:
Evergreen and Semi-Evergreen forests present in Kerti and Padinalaknad Reserved
Forest were managed by Protection Working Circle. Moist Dediduos and Dry-Deciduos
forests of the division present in Mavukal and Devamachi Reserved Forests of Thithimathi
Range, were managed by Improvement Working Circle, Teak Working Circle and Bamboo
Working Circle.
2.04 : Condition of the Forests:
COMPOSITION AND CONDITION OF CROP
Because of Marked variation in rainfall altitude , aspect, slope and intensity of
biotic interference wide range of Forest can be seen in the division past management
practices coupled with other biotic factors have changed the status of vegetation at any
places . The detrimental effects of the past have set in retrogression and brought the climax
vegetation to either pre climax or sub climax stages. Here grasslands, scrubs, savannas
swamps or inferior deciduous forests have replaced the original forests. Mostly good forests
are confined to the eastern and western slopes of the Ghats.
Sl No Local Name Botanical Name
1 Hebbalsu Artocarups hirsute
2 Vella Paini Veterias indica
3 Panda Paini Canarium strictum
4 Chora Paini Hardwickia Pinnata
- 171 -
5 Kal Paini Dipterocarpus indicus
6 Aranji Antiaris toxicaria
7 Neeli Bischofia javanica
8 Poon Callophyllum tomentosum
9 Bollurupa Eugeina gardeneri
10 Perumara Trewia nudiflora
11 Noga Cedrella toona
12 Devadaru Dysoxylum Malabaricum
13 Atha Mesua ferrea
14 Jack Artocarpus integrifolia
15 Balanji Acrcarpus Fraxinifolius
16 Pali Palaquium ellipticum
17 Irupa Hopea Parviflora
18 Kotte Sterculia alata
19 Biti Dalbergia latifolia
20 Karimara Diospyrous ebenum
21 Buruga Bombax ceiba
The middle storey generally consists of the following species
Sl No Local Name Botanical Name
1 Pale pannu Chrysophyllum roxburghii
2 Naviladi Vitex altissima
3 Nerolthakai Hydnocarpus wightiana
4 Kartha choote Diospyros nilagirica
5 Veltha Chotte Hemicyclia alata
6 Kunge Pannu Elacocarpus serratus
7 Analthari Elacocarpus lakoocha
8 Pullichekke Artocarpus lakoocha
- 172 -
9 Amme pannu Artocarpus lakoocha
10 Kakcha paya Polyalthhia fragrans
11 Malekakkada Scolopia erenuata
12 Chooli Lansium anemaleyanum
13 Karpamara Cinnamomum zeylanicum
14 Punali Elaeodendron Paniculatum
15 Chunde Diospyrous microphylla
16 Kulurmavu Machilus macarntha
The under storey consists of the following species
Sl No Local Name Botanical Name
1 Kadchorange Limonia acidissima
2 Bhatha Macaranga Peltata
3 Udthale Memecylan edule
4 Lavate Pannu Allophyllus cobbe
5 Nakki Vitex negundo
Canes
Sl No Local Name Botanical Name
1 Kirubetha Calamus Psedotenuis
2 Halubetha Calamus laxmanae
3 Handibetha Calamus thwaitessi
4 Ontibetha Calamus travancoricus
5 Nagabetha Calamus flagellum
6 Sukku Betha Calamus Karnatakanses
7 Meese Betha Calamus lassiferous
- 173 -
Reeds
Sl No Local Name
1 Ochlandra Rheedii
2 Ochlandra travancorica
Other Species of under growth which dominate these forests are:
Sl No Local Name Botanical Name
1 Kurunji Strobilanthus Spcies
2 Webera Webera corymbosa
3 Mundachekke Pandanus Tectorius
4 Uppila Macaranga roxburghii
5 Taggi or Gowri Clerodendron infortunatum
6 Parivallam Callicarpa lanata
7 Maleangare Leportra crenulata
8 Kowri Helictres isora
The mixed deciduous forests, which are found in Thithimathi range comprise of
species that remain leafless during December to June and are seen around the fringe
openings of lower slopes and in plains. The species composition of this area is as follows.
Sl No Local Name Botanical Name
1 Thega Tectona grandis
2 Beete Dalbergia latifolia
3 Honne Pterocarpus marsupoum
4 Nandi Lagerstroemia lanceolate
5 Noga mara Cedrella toona
6 Karadi Chuckrassia tabularis
- 174 -
7 Thadasalu Grewia tilaefolia
8 Mathi Terminalia Tomentosa
9 Uluve Terminalia Paniculata
10 Thari Terminalia bellerica
2.05 : Ecological Fragile Areas and Wildlife
In Thithimathi Range of Virajpet Division as per the Scheduled Tribes and other
traditional forest dwellers Act 2006 (Recognition of Forest Rights) and Rule 2008
“Hakkupathras” were issued to Tribals in 9 Haadis within the Mavukal and Devamachi
Reserved Forest. Hence the Wild Elephants are disturbed and living outside the forest areas.
With this, lot of crop damage and human deaths and Elephants death also takes place.
2.06 : Degraded Areas
Due to Cattle grazing, Bamboo Flowering and Forest Fires some areas of Mavukal
and Devamachi Reserved Forests are degraded. Action has been taken for afforestation in
these areas.
2.07 : Plantation Details:
Sl No
Range Year Scheme Area No of Species
Planted
No of Plants
Survived Remarks
1 Makut 2011-2012
TFC 25 Ha 10000 Mixed Species
80 %
Makut 2011-2012
DDF 23 Ha 25000 Mixed Species
80 %
2 Mundrote 2011-2012
TFC 25 Ha 10000 Mixed Species
80 %
3 Mundrote 2011-2012
DDF 5 Ha 3125 Mixed Species
80 %
4 Thithimathi 2011-2012
TFC 25 Ha 40000 Mixed Species
70 %
5 Thithimathi 2011-2012
DDF 5 Ha 3125 Mixed Species
70 %
- 175 -
Thithimathi 2011-2012
FDF 84 Ha 62000 Mixed Species
70 %
Thithimathi 2011-2012
GUA 2 Ha 400 Mixed Species
70 %
Total 194 Ha
153950 Mixed Species
Sl No
Range Year Scheme Area No of Species
Planted
No of Plants
Survived Remarks
1 Makut 2012-2013
FDF 100 Ha
62500 Mixed Species
80 %
2 Makut 2012-2013
Bamboo Mission
25 Ha 10000 Bamboo Plants
80 %
3 Mundrote 2012-2013
FDF 90 Ha 56250 Mixed Species
80 %
4 Mundrote 2012-2013
Bamboo Mission
25 Ha 10000 Bamboo Plants
80 %
5 Thithimathi 2012-2013
DDF 20 Ha 22000 Mixed Species
75 %
6 Thithimathi 2012-2013
Roadside TSP
3 Ha 660 Mixed Species
75 %
Total 263 Ha
161410 Plants
2.08 : Dependency of Peoples
In Thithimathi Range of Virajpet Division as per the Scheduled Tribes and other
traditional forest dwellers Act 2006 (Recognition of Forest Rights) and Rule 2008
“Hakkupathras” were issued to Tribal in 9 Haadis within the Mavukal and Devamachi
Reserved Forest. The total number of “Hakkupathras” issued is 262 families to an extent of
154.643 Ha. The population of these HADIS is about 2000 Peoples who depend on forest for
Firewood, Small Timber, Bamboos. They allow their Cattle for grazing in the forest. Other
- 176 -
than these peoples in around the border of the Forests depends for Firewood, Bamboos,
Small Timber and grazing of their Cattle’s in these Forests.
2.09 : Utilization of Produces:
In Devamachi and Mavukal Reserved Forests, The Tribal collects Minor Forest
Produce like Seegekai, Honey, Dalchinni Leaves and Tree Moss. The LAMPS, Thithimathi
collects those MFPs from the Tribals and pay reasonable price to them and make them
involve in forestry activities. The quantity extracted during last working plan period is given
below:
Year No. of MFPs
Collected*
Revenue to the LAMPS
(Rs)
Revenue to the
Govt. (Rs.)
Regeneration fund by
LAMPS (Rs.)
2000-01 --- --- ---
2001-02 3 4133042.00 100/- ---
2002-03 3 3878282.00 100/- ---
2003-04 5 2222400.00 100/- 26370.00
2004-05 4 2132724.00 100/- 2835.00
2005-06 3 1981241.00 100/- ---
2006-07 3 1305000.00 100/- ---
2007-08 4 845960.00 100/- ---
2008-09 4 1312650.00 100/- ---
2009-10 4 1429500.00 100/- ---
2010-11 3 291494.00 100/- ---
- 177 -
PART – II
CHAPTER – 1
3.0: Past Management
3.01: Working Circles of Previous Working Plans
1. Protection Working Circles.
This working circle consists of evergreen and semi evergreen areas falling in the
Makut and Mundrote ranges. Besides the reserved forests areas it also includes the paisari
lands transferred to forest department and which have the similar vegetation. The total area
under this working circle is 25248.11 ha. No Logging including removal of dead and fallen
trees will be carried out. This restriction will however not apply to dead and fallen trees of
Rosewood, White Sedar and Ainy which will be salvaged as and when found during the dry
season.
2. Improvement Working Circle.
This working circle consists of moist and dry deciduous forests of Thithimathi
range, which are not under the teak plantations. It also includes small portion of
paisari lands, which are adjoining to these forests and have similar vegetation. The
total area under this working circle is 4777.59 ha.
The felling cycle is 10 years. The block area that is taken as a coup after the
removal of dead and fallen materials will be taken off for improvement operations.
The extent of the area will be treated by the Gap planting / Under planting ,Tending
Operations, Protection or by their Combination in a block should not exceed 100 Ha.
3. Teak Plantation Working Circles
This working circle consists of teak plantation area in the Devamachi and
Mavukal reserved forests. Total extent of this working circle is 2309.04 ha.
In the past, thinnings were prescribed in the teak plantations by taking into
account the average site quality class of the area. In Somaiah’s plan six thinnings
were prescribed at the age of 6th, 12th, 20th, 28th, 38th and 50th year. All the thinnings
were selective in nature and by the end of final thinnings at the age of 50th year total
number of stems to be retained were between 175 to 190 per ha. But in Alva’s plan
(1978-79 to 2002-03) only five thinnings were prescribed. The first two thinnings
- 178 -
were mechanical cum silvicultural and other three were silvicultural thinning.
Though the number of stems to be retained after the final thinning as prescribed in
Alva’s plan is more, the same is being adopted in the present plan as the excess
number of stems will compensate towards damages caused by wild elephants, which
is quite common in this area. The details of the thinnings regime recommended are
given below: -
1. First mechanical cum silvicultural thinning at the 6th year by retaining about
1700 – 1800 trees by marking the stems silviculturally in the alternative
diagonals. Second mechanical cum silvicultural thinning at the12th year by
retaining about 1000 – 1100 trees by marking the stems silviculturally in the
alternate lines. First silviculture thinning at the 18th year (leaving about 700 to
800 stems/ha).
2. Second silviculture thinning at the 30th year (leaving about 500 to 550
stems/ha).
3. Third silvicultural thinning at the 38th year (leaving about 300 to 350
stems/ha).
4. An elite thinning at the age of 80th year (leaving about 150 trees/ha)
Elephant damaged teak trees may be extracted every year.
4. Bamboo Overlapping Working Circle
This working circle consists of moist and dry deciduous areas of Thithimathi
range. It also includes a small portion of Paisari lands that are surrounding to these
forests and have similar vegetation. The total area of this working circle is 4777.59
ha.The Government of Karnataka, vide Letter No: APAJI 223 FDP 2010, Dated:
06/01/2011 ordered The Karnataka State Forest Industries, to extract about 500 tons
of the Flowered and dried Bamboos available in Thithimathi Range. The Corporation
not yet extracted the dried Bamboos. Now Most of the Bamboos are deteriorated.
Action may be taken to extract Bamboo by inviting tenders.
- 179 -
5. Minor Forest Produce Overlapping Working Circle
This working circle consists of all the forest and non-forest government lands.
It also includes all other lands where the forest department exercises the control
over the tree growth. The total area under this working circle 80815.95 ha.
Earlier the division was disposing MFPs through a lease agreement with
LAMPS on upset rate basis. In pursuance of the GO No. FEE 10 FDP 2001, dated 20th
July, 2001, the rights for collection of the MFP in the division have been given to the
LAMPS Thithimathi, on an annual lease rent of Rs.100. Consequently the LAMPS has
been collecting and disposing the MFPs.
The Species of MFPs Collected are
1. Seegekayi, 2. Honey, 3. Tree Moss, 4. Antuwala, 5. Honey Wax, 6. Soap Nut,
7. Cashew, 8. Booruga Flower.
The GO also mandates that 25 % of the net profits realized by the LAMPS shall be
earmarked for regeneration/improvement of the MFP. The regeneration works are to be
carried out by the LAMPS in consultation with the Forest Department. LAMPS has deposited
during 2003-04 and 04-05 (pertaining to period upto 04-05) a sum of Rs. 29205/-.
Regeneration works are to be taken up utilizing this amount.
3.02 : Treatment of Area
1. Protection Working Circle
Makut and Mundrote Ranges of this Division comes under this working circle
and the area is 25248.11 Ha. Due to Non Availability of Timber and Road Facilities
extraction was not carried out.
Progress of Treatment: Regeneration works like gap planting, Seed
siaing, Plantings of canes and bamboos has been taken up. The details of
planting works here under.
- 180 -
Sl No Name of
the Range Year Extent
Expenditure
(Lakhs) Remarks
1 Makut 2000-01 - -
2 2001-02 - -
2002-03 - -
2003-04 - -
2004-05 75-00 3-000
2005-06 - -
2006-07 40-00 1-943
2007-08 245-00 6-983
2008-09 120-00 4-733
2009-10 157-50 7-663
2010-11 125-00 14-47
Mundrote 2000-01 20-00 1-196
2001-02 - -
2002-03 34-00 1-737
2003-04 - -
2004-05 50-00 2-332
2005-06 130-00 2-251
2006-07 86-47 7-143
2007-08 175-00 6-085
2008-09 225-00 8-851
2009-10 155-00 8-112
2010-11 35-00 2-117
2. Improvement Working Circle
1.1.1. Implementation of the prescriptions: Being done as per the allotted
aforestation works or treatment of the area from 2000-2001 to 2003-2004 no
- 181 -
salvage could be taken up. Salvaging observations started from 2004-2005
onwards as per availability of funds.
Salvaging operations: Salvaging of dead and fallen has been carried
out during 2001-02, 2002-03, 2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07, 2007-
08, 2008-09, 2009-2012, 2011-2012. The details of extraction are as follows.
Improvement and regeneration operations: In the area salvaged
during 2004-05, regeneration operations in the form of gap planting was
carried out over 52 ha under DDF scheme during 2004-05. The delay was due
to late release of funds. Subsequently, improvement operations have been
taken up in the areas allotted to the Working Circle as given below:
Year Area salvaged Quantity extracted
Revenue realized (Rs.)
Area Worked
(ha)
2001-02 CPT 16, Coup No 1 809.052 M3 9708624.00 507.50
2002-03 CPT 16, Coup No 2 338.099 4395287.00 435.00
2003-04 Nil Nil Nil
2004-05 CPT 19, Coup No 4 Nil Nil
2005-06 Nil Nil Nil
2006-07 CPT 18, Coup No 6 748.550 6267375.00 487.50
2007-08 CPT 19, Coup No 8 673.598 19788182.00 1283.00
2008-09 CPT 19 & 18 Coup
No 8,9 410.708 11599406.00 1065.00
2009-10 CPT-19, Coup No 7 677.50 21944670.00 500.00
2010-11 CPT-19, Coup No
10 Not Carried
Out
- 182 -
Year Place CPT No Area Scheme Species
2005-06 Singanur 16 52 DDF Bamboo & Misc
2005-06 Singanur 16 100 KSFMBC Seed dibbling, soil working to natural plants, Tending
SMC.
2006-07 Devamachi Coup
no 1, 2 70
M-1, 3 & 4.
KSFMBC
Seed dibbling, planting, soil working to natural plants, Tending SMC.
2006-07 Chennangi Coup no 10,
4 95
M-1, 3 & 4.
KSFMBC
Seed dibbling, planting, soil working to natural plants, Tending SMC.
2006-07 Maldhare Coup no 7
95 M-1, 3 &
4. KSFMBC
Seed dibbling, planting, soil working to natural plants, Tending SMC.
2007-08
Bhadragola, Chennangi, Maldare,
Chennanakote
Coup no 7 &
8
50 75 75 50
250
M-1, 3, 4 &5
KSFMBC
Seed dibbling, planting, soil working to natural plants, Tending SMC.
2008-09
Devamachi Chennanakote
Bhadragola Maldare
Chennangi
CPT 16 CPT 18 CPT 16 CPT 19 CPT 18
12.50 100.0
120.00 95.0
90.00 417.50
DD7 M 2 & 3
of KSFMBC
M Q 3,4,5
M 2,3,4,5
M 2,3,45
Mixed & Misc Mixed & Misc Mixed & Misc Mixed & Misc Mixed & Misc
2009-2010
Devamachi CPT-16 25-00 KSFMBC Mixed
2010-2011
Akkimala CPT-16 30-00 KSFMBC Mixed
Devamchi CPT-18 35-00 KSFMBC Mixed
- 183 -
3. Teak Plantation Working Circle
Sl no
Year
As per WP (from thinning) Actual Removals (Elephant
damaged stems) Revenue (in Rs.)
Yield Revenue (in
Rs.) Yield
Poles (nos)
Timber (m)3*
Timber Poles Poles**
(nos) Timber
(m)3 FW Timber Poles
1 2000-
01 12640 766.39 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
2 2001-
02 15682 930.60 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
3 2002-
03 26863 805.95 --- --- 6060 --- --- ---
1272600.00
4 2003-
04 25996 1182.43 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
5 2004-
05 22005 1563.20 --- --- 4056 36.686 ---
1100580.00
554034.00
6 2005-
06 29002 1397.53 --- --- 10009 127.131 ---
3813930.00
1576100.00
7 2006-
07 13686 1439.82 --- --- --- Nil --- ---
---
8 2007-
08 6780 368.75 --- --- --- Nil --- ---
9 2008-
09 9034 371.00 --- --- 12392 168.042 -
8738000
836482.00
10 2009-2010
10218 323.168 405000
0.00 2021000.0
0
11 2010-2011
2210 33.911 2310100.00
1122200.00
(Notes: *: Timber is from the bottom portion of the poles)
The removal of elephant damaged trees is done by going over the entire area of
teak plantations in each compartment. The figures have been aggregated for the
entire compartment with details of extractions from individual plantations being
not maintained. Consequently it is difficult to ascertain the actual removals from
each plantation, to relate to the existing plant population. Hence it is advisable to
make enumeration lists of elephant damaged trees plantation wise at least
hereafter, to enable recording of yield from each plantation.
- 184 -
4. Bamboo Overlapping Working Circle
Progress of implementation: Contrary to the expectations, there has been no
greagarious flowering of bamboo so far. During the plan period so far, bamboo
areas have not been worked at all, except removals of bamboo for meeting the
demand for retail supply to medars, as ordered by the Conservator of Forests. The
prescribed and actual working is given below:
Year Area to be worked (ha) in FS Total (ha) Actual worked ext (ha)
Devamachi Mavukal
2000-01 Comp I --- 1565.12
2001-02 --- Comp II 1565.12
2002-03 Comp III --- 1565.12
2003-04 --- Comp I 1565.12
2004-05 Comp II --- 1565.12
2005-06 --- Comp III 1565.12
2006-07 Comp I --- 1565.12
2007-08 --- Comp II 1565.12
2008-09 Comp III --- 1565.12
2009-10 Comp I 1565.12
2010-11 CompII 1565.12
Extraction of Bamboos: Extraction Green big bamboo has been done on a
very small scale mainly from coupe 2 and 3 of Anechowkur FS (CPT 16, 17, 18 and
19) to meet the demands of medars & locals, as sanctioned by the CF, Kodagu circle.
The details of the extraction are as under:
Year Green bamboo (Big) extracted,
(nos) Revenue (Rs.)
2001-02 320 16551.00
- 185 -
2002-03 860 18690.00
2003-04 980 47695.00
2004-05 1705 57787.00
2005-06 2207 53972.00
2006-07 3985 87779.00
2007-08 3480 64707.00
2008-09 4606 72537.00
2009-10 3321 66463.00
2010-11 7385 168690.00
The non-working of the areas has been attributed to the following reasons:
The extraction scheduled for 2000-01 and 2001-02 could not be done due to
non-existence of approved working plan and late receipt of the approval of the
working plan, respectively.
3.03 Working Series Maps
Working Series Maps of previous working plans is provided
- 186 -
CHAPTER III
PROPOSALS
4.0 PROPOSALS
4.01 Justification for Proposals:
1. Improvement Working Circle: In Devamachi & Mavukal Reserved Forest the
dead and fallen timber has to be extracted otherwise during Dry Season Fire
occurance cause lot of damage to forest.
2. Protection Working Circle: The Makut & Mundrote ranges areborder area of
Kerala State. Dead&Fallen Rosewood, White Cedar and Aini trees has to be
extracted to prevent smuggling. In Makut range in CPT 30 Teak & Andaman
Padak Trees planted were found dead & fallen. These trees has to be extracted
to prevent Smuggling.
4.02 Dead and Fallen Extraction:
Salvaging operations: Salvaging of dead and fallen has been carried out during
2001-02, 2002-03, 2003-04, 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09,
2009-10 and 2010-11. The details of extraction are as follows.
Year Area salvaged Quantity extracted
Revenue realized (Rs.)
Area Worked
(ha)
2001-02 CPT 16, Coup No 1 809.052 M3
9708624.00 507.50
2002-03 CPT 16, Coup No 2 338.099 4395287.00 435.00
2003-04 Nil Nil Nil
2004-05 CPT 19, Coup No 4 Nil Nil
2005-06 Nil Nil Nil
2006-07 CPT 18, Coup No 6 748.550 6267375.00 487.50
2007-08 CPT 19, Coup No 8 673.598 19788182.00 1283.00
2008-09 CPT 19 & 18 Coup
No 8,9 410.708 11599406.00 1065.00
2009-10 CPT 19 Coup No 7 677.50 21944670.00 500.00
2010-11 Not Carried Out
- 187 -
During 2012-2013 extraction of dead and fallen trees to be taken in left over coups
No5 & 10 of the previous sanctioned working plan and coup No 1 of present working plan
tobe sanctioned.
Sl No Range CPT No Coup No Extent (in Ha) Yield (Appr in m3) Remarks
1 Thithimathi 16 5 275.00 200 m3
2 Thithimathi 17 10 585.00 400 m3
3 Thithimathi 16 1 507.50 350 m3
4.03 : Bamboo Extraction: The Government of Karnataka, vide Letter No: APAJI/223/FDP/
2010, Dated: 06/01/2011 ordered The Karnataka State Forest Industries, to extract
about 500 tons of the Flowered and dried Bamboos available in Thithimathi Range.
The Corporation not yet extracted the dried Bamboos. Now Most of the Bamboos
are deteriorated. Action may be taken to extract the Bamboos by inviting Tenders.
4.04 : In Virajpet Division Plantations are not available for extraction.
4.05 : Teak Thinning: During 2012-2013 the thinning of 1981 and 1982 teak plantation of
Thithimathi Range are identified. Details given below
Year of Plantation Area CPT Total No of Trees per Ha II nd Silvicultural Thinning
1981 20 Ha 17 922
1982 20 Ha 17 922
About 2000 numbers of Elephant damaged trees from various Teak Plantations to be
extracted.
4.06 : NTFP Collections: Earlier the division was disposing MFPs through a lease agreement
with LAMPS on upset rate basis. In pursuance of the GO No. FEE 10 FDP 2001, dated
20th July, 2001, the rights for collection of the MFP in the division have been given to
the LAMPS Thithimathi, on an annual lease rent of Rs.100. Consequently the LAMPS
has been collecting and disposing the MFPs. Extraction of NTFP are excluded in
Wildlife areas.
- 188 -
4.07 : JFPM Plantation Extractions:
In Virajpet Division JFPM Plantations are not available for extraction.
4.08 : Plantation Works:
As per the 5th objective of Management of the protection working circle, namely
To rehabilitate the degraded forests by providing effective protection and
supplementing the regeneration by artificial means wherever necessary and also as
per the third proposed treatment in regeneration work like Gap Planting, Plantng of
Canes are to be taken up in suitable areas in the Makut and Mundrote Range. The
below mentioned planting activities are proposed for the year 2012-2013 along with
the regular maintenance of previous year plantations already raised in these two
ranges. Also the areas are marked in the maps enclosed.
Sl No
Range Details of Advance Works Proposed
CPT No
Area in Ha
Scheme
1 Mundrote Gap Planting 55 75 Ha TFC
2 Mundrote Gap Planting 56 75 Ha TFC
3 Makut Gap Planting 39 100 Ha TFC
4 Makut Gap Planting 40 150 Ha TFC
5 Makut Gap Planting 44 100 Ha FDF
6 Thithimathi Gap Planting 18 50 Ha KFDF
7 Thithimathi Gap Planting 18 143 Ha TFC
4.09 : Logging Works in the protection working circle.
In page no 53 of the working plan of Virajpet Division, the proposals for the
treatment of Protection working circle is spelled off. In that the first condition it has
been said that no logging operations including renewal of dead and fallen is
permitted but the restriction is released for in section mentioned 3 trees like
Rosewood, White Cedar, Aini (Artocarpus Hirsuta) with specified coordination or
how to extract them. Mainly because of their economic importance and also to avoid
smuggling of these valuable species.
- 189 -
In the same para it is said that there is an extent of 8.24 Ha of Teak
Plantations which has almost covered with natural vegetation. But some of these
teak trees are dead standing or wind fallen and are located very close to the main
road. There by ??? for smuggling. Hence it has been proposed these valuable teak
trees which are with windfallen or dead standing can be salvaged for protection from
smugglers and also to use this valuable species. A detailed enumeration list of these
deadstanding and windfallen trees are enclosed herewith.
Also we have plantation of Andaman Padak (Pterocarpus dalbergides) in
Makut Range. These plantations are of the year 1913, 1914, 1931, 1935 & 1983-84.
Most of these trees are also either dead standing or partially dead with no
more effective Growth production. We do not have a rotation fixed for species.
Hence it is also been proposed to extract these dead standing or partially dead trees
by not degrading the surroundings vegetation at the time of extraction. A detailed
enumeration list of this is also enclosed along with for further needful. The map of
the plantation area is also enclosed along with for further needful.
Extraction of Dead and Fallen Teak Trees in Makut Range:
Sl No Range CPTNo Year of Plantation Extent Species
1 Makut 30 1951 4.24Ha Teak
2 Makut 30 1913-14 15 Ha Andaman Padak
3 Makut 30 1931 2.5 Ha Andaman Padak
4 Makut 30 1935 5 Ha Andaman Padak
5 Makut 30 1983-84 5 Ha Andaman Padak
Further the extraction of Rosewood, White Cedar, Aini and Irpu Trees in
Makut and Mundrote approximate quantity 100 m3.
- 190 -
4.10 : Fire Protection:
During 2011-2012 Rs. 4.187 Lakhs spent for 2886 Man Days for fire watchers
to prevent forest fire in this Division. Further 120 Kms of New Fireline are created.
For the year 2012-2013 the following works are prescribed.
Fire watchers = 810 Man Days
Maintenance of old firelines = 105 Kms
4.11 : SMC Works
In this division formation of 1500 gullychecks and excavation of 1000
perculation tanks proposed for the year 2012-2013.
4.12 : Any Other Miscellaneous Issues:
Nil
191
Annexure V
The Commissioner of Coorg Notification
Bangalore, the 23rd, April 1906
No. 35. The Chief commissioner of coorg is pleased to declare under the provision of section 19
of the Indian Forest Act (VII of 1878) that from the 15th June 1906, the area the boundaries of
which are set forth in the schedule appended to this notification, will be constituted a Reserved
Forest.
SCHEDULE
Province Taluk Name of Forest Description of Boundaries
Coorg Padinalknad Padinalknad Ghat
North:- The reserve boundary starts on the Madathamalai hill slope about two and a half furlongs
to the hill peak known as Kuthangipillu motte; thence east along the top of a ran of hill- peaks
known as perumangala betta, Mudaikal betta beakal motte or Karagegotu parambu, Kurikolli
motte or thungapare hill and Erolappadee motte hill to the summit of the Brahmagiri or Tala
Cauvery hill. (This boundary forms part of the southern boundary of Pattighat reserve already
notified in the Coorg Gazette parts I and II dt. Ist June 1904).
East:- Thence following the watershed between the plateau and the ghats it proceeds south for
330 yards to a hill summit, then south-east for 130 yards to hill called Agnigiri on the boundary
between survey nos: 2-2 and 2-3 of Cherangala village, thence south for one and a half miles to
the Kanangundi betta T.S. being on the boundary of the Cherangala and Mundroute village
thence continuing along the same watershed east south-east for about 2 miles and 6 furlongs to a
peak from which the Cherangala village boundary turns north; thence south-east following the
same watershed for about 1 mile and 1 furlong to the summit of a hill known as a Ahnamunda
T.S on the boundary between Pulikote and lyengeri village; thence along the same ridge in a
generally south-eastern direction for about a half mile to the well known hill called Higgsthappa
Devara bane; then in the same direction for about 3 miles to the hill known as the Perur point;
thence along the same hill range southern south-west for two and a half furlong to a hill peak and
then south-east for furlongs to the boundary between lyengeri and Naladi villages; thence
crossing that boundary it continues along the same watershed for about 23/4 miles excluding a
Genimalai called Pulatakandi survey no:28 of the Naladi village on the north and a coffee
Saguvalimalai survey no:76 of Naladi village called Oomalai madu motte thundu to the
southwest corner of the latter. Upto this points the eastern boundary of the reserve coincides
with the watershed between the streams draining the plateau and the ghats of the Province.
Thence eastwards along the southern boundary of survey no: 76 and crossing the Kakkabe river
for 6 furlongs to a hill top thence south and east along the top of a small ridge for one mile to the
village boundary of Naladi and Yavakapadi were the line again strikes the watershed above
mentioned. Thence following the watershed east for about 13/4 miles and then east south-east
192
for about 2 miles and 5 furlongs to the well known Kabbe motte T.S. thence along the watershed
for one and a half miles to the Katotipadantu malai, and for 6 furlongs to the Swami betta T.S.
thence south-east and east along the same watershed for 6 furlongs to a prominent hill top on the
Taluk boundary of yadennalknad then leaving the watershed the line follows the latter boundary
first south-east then south-west to where it joins the Malabar district boundary. '
South and West: Thence the Coorg - Malabar district boundary for 42 Miles and 4 Furlongs to
the starting point.
Remarks
A. The following area enclosed within the Reserve have been admitted as either free from
reservation or subject to various rights.
1. Kodange malai estate enclosure survey no:4-13 of Mundrotu village area 301-40
acres. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W.No.2 of Mundrotu village.
II. Kodange malai estate enclosure survey no: 4-15 of Mundrotu village area 26.40
acres. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 2 of Mundrotu village.
Ill. Puthaither malai enclosure are 491.31 acres consisting of survey no : known as the
Kaveriamrnana Pudiyarti Devarakadu no:6 Puthaithere coffee saguvalimalai;
Saguvali malai estate and no : 7 known as the Kaveriammana pudiyarti Devarakadu
of Cherengala village; Right of ingress and egree is by P.R.W. Nos : 2 and 4 of
Mundrotu village.
IV Bhagavati Devastana enclosure are 3.50 acres consisting of survey no : 7 of
Mundrotu village area 4.18 acres. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W Nos. of
Mundrotu village.
v Cultivation enclosure area 3.50 acres consisting of survey no: 4-9 and 4-12 survey
no: 4-9 acre 1.00 being government waste of Mundrotu village. Right of ingress and
egress is by P.R.W. No: 2 of Mundrotu village.
VI A group of cultivation of Mundrotu village area 54.00 acres consisting of survey nos:
I2,4-6,4-1, 1-1,3,2,1,-3,4-4,4-19,4-5,4-20,4-10 and 4-21 also survey no: 4-1 acres
8.48, 4-3 A acres 1.72 and 4-19 A acres 6.72 being Government waste respectively.
Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 2 Of Mundrotu village.
vii. Jamma Padiamalai enclosure area 188.30 consisting of survey nos : 2 and 3 lyengeri
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : 2 and of lyengeri village.
ix. Keedimundere coffee saguvalimalai enclosure area 494.58 acres consisting of survey
nos 14 and 19 of lyengeri village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W.No.2 and
13 lyengeri village.
193
x. Jamma Bellerimalai enclosure area 161.76 acres survey no: 21 of lyengeri village.
Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : 2 of Iyengeri village.
xi. Jamma Balluvapulli malai enclosure area 3.52 acres survey no : 21 of lyengeri
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : 2 of lyengeri village.
xii. JammaTittumalai tunduenclosurearea3.52acres survey no:29-17of lyengeri village.
Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 2 of lyengeri village 4.
xiii. Jamma tittumalai enclosure area 52.58 acres consisting of survey nos : 29-15 and 29-
16 of lyengeri village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W.'No : 2 of lyengeri
village.
xiv Jamma malai enclosure area 106.72 acres consisting of survey nos : 29-15 and 29-11
and 29-12 called Mangundi tandu no: 29-7 Byritota tundu, 29-8, Mangolli tundu, 29-
18 Pilladi tundu and 29-13 and 29-14 Tittumalai tundu of lyengeri right ingress and
egress is by P.R.W
No: 7 of Iyengeri village.
xv. Paretota Jamma malai enclosure area 1.44 acres. survey no: 21 - 1 0 of lyengeri
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 2 of lyengeri village.
xvi. Jamma Kundupaya malai and Kangalli tundu enclosure area 3.04 acres consisting of
survey nos : 29-1 and 29-2 of Iyengeri village. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W. No : I of lyengeri village.
xvii. Karangidere coffee saguvali malai enclosure area 16.55 acres survey no: 29-24 of
Iyengeri village . Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 1 of lyengeri village.
xix. Keechampare coffee saguvali malai enclosure area 16.5 5 acres survey no: 29 - 24 of
lyengeri village. Right of ingress and egress is P.R.W. No : I of lyengeri village.
xx. Coffee Saguvali malai enclosure area 430.24 acres consisting of survey nos : 29.20
Mekyamundere , 29-21 Idiangoli and 9.22 Karachangoli of Iyengeri village. Right of
ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 1 of lye ngeri village.
xxi. Jamma malai enclosure area 516.68 acres consisting of survey nos : 2 and 3
Balluvapuli malai and 7 Tolathumalai of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress
is by P.R.W. No: 6 of Naladi village.
xxii. Pilladi tundu Jammamalai enclosure area 21.44 acres survey nos : 13-2 of Naladi
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : 7 of Naladi village.
194
XXIII. Jamma malai enclosure area 22.88 acres consisting survey nos: 14-1,16,15,16-16 and
16-18 called Katitota and 16-22 called Kangolli tundu of Naladi village. Right of
ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi village.
XXIV. Jamma and coffee saguvali malai enclosure area 127.3 1 acres consisting of survey
nos: 161 Kangoli tundu 16-2,16-5 and 16-1,16-10 tundu poyemalai, 16-4
Ballyatotundu, 16-6 tittumalai, 16-7 Koovetota, 16-9 Panduvamalai, 16-18
Aangarekoli, 16-24 Maletota, 16-25, 16-26 and 16-28 Bapli tundus and 16-29
Kochetota of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No. 7 of
Naladi village.
xxv. Pilladi tundu j amma malai enclosure area 6.72 acres survey no: 16-17 of Naladi
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi village.
XXVI. Keechampare tundu Jamma malai enclosure area 7.60 acres survey no : 21 of Naladi
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi village.
XXVII. Kangoli tundu Jamma malai enclosure area 2.00 acres survey no : 19-1 of Naladi
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 Naladi village.
XVIII. Keechimpare tundu Jamma malai enclosure area 7.68 acres survey no : 20-1 of
Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No. 7 of Naladi village.
XXIX. Keechampare tundu Jamma malai enclosure area 1.28 acres survey no : 10-1 of
Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No Naladi village.
xxx. Kutumbli and Yedopole tundu Jamma malai enclosure area 1.92 acres consisting of
survey nos:21-2 and 21-3 of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W. No : 8 of Naladi village.
XXXI. Baikabbe coffee saguvali malai estate enclosure area 922.66 acres. Survey no: 27
of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : 5 of Naladi village.
XXXII. Angarekolli coffee saguvali malai estate enclosure area 121-69 acres survey no: 31
of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 3 of naladi village.
XXXIII. Jamma Malai enclosure area 198.54 acres consisting of survey nos: 22 of
Tembaremalai pattathere tundu, 23 Temberemalai Tembumaali tundu, 25 Kurobatte
tundu, 66 Tembare malai Kuttupoye tunde (deducting there from such unculturable
area as may be hereafter excluded by survey) and 67 Malengadu of Naladi village.
Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No. 2,3 and 4 of Naladi village.
XXXIV Jamma tolatha malai chooti malai thundi enclosure area 236.31 acres consisting of
survey no. 74,75,76 and 73 of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W. No: 4 of Naladi village.
195
XXXV Jamma malai cheekatu thundu enclosure area 33.08 acres survey no : 4 of Naladi
village. Right of ingress and egress by P.R.W. No: I of Naladi village.
XXXVI. Jamma malai enclosure area 61.14 acres consisting of survey no 61 of Kurihatte
tundu, and 62 Kana malai tundu of Naladi. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W. Nos : 2 and 3 of Naladi village.
XXXVII. Mamma malai enclosure area 397.36 acres consisting of survey nos : 91
tolatliumalai Nadumali tundu, 52 and 58 Ponfaremalai tundu and 50 Pillubelli.
tundu of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: I of Naladi
village.
XXXVII. Chootimalai coffee area saguvali estate enclosure area 178.83 acres survey no: 58
of Naldi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 4 of Naladi village.
XXXIX Jamma malai enclosure area 118.15 acres consisting of survey No .88 and 89 Tolath
malai Karimali tundu and 43 Toomatikolli tundu of Naladi village. Right of ingress
and egress is by P.R.W. No: I of Naladi village.
XL Jamma Tolathumali enclosure area 11.51 acres survey no : 83 of Naladi village.
Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 1 of Naladi village.
XLI Keechampare coffee saguvali mali enclosure area 3.75 acres survey no: 16 (1350) of
Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W No : 7 of naladi village.
XLII Ballyatho thundu coffee saguvali mali enclosure are 36.04 acres survey no. 30.2
(4053) of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi
village.
XLIII. Chimmikilli coffee saguvali malai enclosure area 1.65 acres survey no : 16-30 (1354)
of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 6 of Naladi village.
XLIV Coffee saguvali malai enclosure area 24.48 acres consisting of survey nos : 16-31
(1355) Kundupoye tundu and 16-3 (1358) Mavutota of Naladi village. Right of
ingress and egres is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi village.
XLV. Coffee's saguvali mali enclosure area 2 1. I 1 acres consisting of survey nos : 15
(1357) katotota, 30-2(4054) chimmikoli and 1352 Kunjeritundu of Naladi village.
Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi village.
XLVI. Keechampare coffee saguvali malai enclosure area 7.20 acres survey no. 4247 of
Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi village.
196
XLIX Chimmikolli coffee saguvalimalai enclosure area 1. 1 0 acre survey no : 16 - 3 3
(4052) of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 7 of Naladi
villa-e.
in
L. Chimmikolli coffee saguvali malai enclosure area 126.27 acres consisting of survey
nos. 30-2 (4058) and 30-1 (4248) of Naladi village. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W.
No: 7 of Naladi village.
LI. Ponegaretundu Jamma malai enclosure area 344.04 acres survey no : 20-1 of
Yavakapadi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 4 of Yavakapadi
village.
LII. Jamma malai enclosure area 2846.31 acres consisting of survey no. 2,3,15 and 33
called Kollianda malai 4,6,11-2 and 39 called Pattiamalai, I I - 1 Kadampare tunde, 1
1-5 Baretotadere, 1 1-83, Mavut tadere tundu, 1 1-20 Kekadere tundu, 12-1 and 1 1 -
7 called Cheriabidu tundu and Banjotha tundu, 13-1 panetotadere tundu, '41 Bee
makaretota tundu, 16 and 32 called Ponnanagalatha malai, 35 Ittikandi tundu, 31-1
Koliand malai Kabbetundu, 51 Adupuraetundu and 50 Mallumalai tundu of
Yavakapadi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. Nos. 1,2,3,5,6,7 and 8
of Yavakapadi village.
LIII. Koliandamali enclosure area 6,14 acres survey no : 37 of Yavakapadi village. Right
of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. Nos: 4 and 2 of Yavakapadi village.
LIV Jamma malai enclosure area 3 8.1 1 acres consisting of survey no: 27 and 28 called
Katikundu and Moriapole of Yavakapadi village. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W.No.2 of Yavakapadi village.
LV. Jamma malai enclosure area 163.58 acres consisting of survey no: 79 Katikundu
Moriapole,
76 Anepare Katadi tundu, 77 and 52 Katikunda coffee saguvali malai of Yavakapadi
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W No : 3 of Yavakapadi village.
LVI. Jamma Banjothamali Katitota tundu enclosure area 6.40 acres survey no : 54 of
Yavakapadi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 2 of Yavakapadi
village.
LVII. Jamma malai enclosure area 48.82 acres consisting of survey No: 61 of Yavakapadi
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W.No.2 of Yavakapadi village.
197
LVIII. Jamma malai enclosure area 48.88 acres consisting of survey no: 64 Banjotha malai
and 7 1 -1 Kuribatte tundu of Yavakapadi village. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W.No.2 of Yavakapadi village.
LIX Jamma malai enclosure area 124.01 acres consisting village of survey no. 66,65-2
Banjotha malai Kaknakare tundu, 69 Mangloi tundu 70 Banjoth malai and 68-2
Kuribatte tundu of Yavakapadi village. Right of ingress and egress is buy
P.R.W.No.2 and 3 of Y@ivakapadi village.
LX. Jamma malai enclosure area 329.18 acres consisting of survey nos. 73,72-1 land 72-2
Kuribatte tundu of Yavakapdi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No :
3 of Yavakapdi village.
LXI. Jamma Bheem and are malai enclosure area 38.08 acres survey no : 7-2 of
Yavakapadi village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 3 of Yavakapdi
village.
LXII. Jamma malai enclosure area 8.98 acres consisting of survey no: 43-A Ballyatotadere
tundu and 7-4 Kuvelepare tundu of Yavakapdi village. Right of ingress and egress is
by P.R.W.
No: I of Yavakapdi village.
LXIII. Jamma Bheemangere malai enclosure area 41.26 acres survey No : 46 of Yavakapadi
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No. I of Yavakapadi village.
LXIV. Kabbe malai paisari estate enclosure area 1.79 acres survey No: IO Chelavara village.
Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : 2 of chelevara village.
LXV Jamma Kabbe and lyri malai enclosure area 1999.60 acres consisting of survey No :
4 and 5 of Chelevara village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No. 1, of
Chelevara village.
LXVI. Jamma malai enclosure area 480.08 acres consisting of survey nos : 8 Kodimilai
tundu, 6,9,1 1 and 14 Yedakattera, 4 Telathu malai 1 0 Naripare, 12 Karipare and 13
Makkitota of Karada village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : I of
Karada village.
LXVII. Jamma mali enclosure area 515.7 acres and consisting of survey nos. 16 pundapare,
17 Mundere and 8 Arkomal4i of Karada village. Right of ingress and egress is by
P.R.W.
No: 1 of Karada village.
LXVIII. Jamma malai enclosure area 322.29 acres consisting of survey no: 1 1 and 15
Panapuliare thundu, 16 Pdlemalai Manjemadu tundu 16 and 17 Mundaka mali of
198
Palangala village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No: 1 and 3 of
Palangala village.
LXIX. Jamma Kurumau tundu malai enclosure area 121.64 Survey No: 18 of Palangala
village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W. No : 1 of palangala village.
LXX. Jamma Kondamalai enclosure area 506.20 acres consisting of survey nos : 4,5,6,7,8
and 9 of Palangala village. Right of ingress and egress is by P.R.W.No.2 and 3 of
Palangala village.
Remarks B.
The following right of ways are admitted within the reserve-Mundrotu Village
P.R.W. No : I Madathamalai Bhagamandala path to a width of three feet, enters the reserve on
the
Kurikolli motte hill and proceeds along the boundary of the reserve to P -
anathur south Canara District.
P.R.W. No.:2 Bhagamandala Kodangemaley path to width of three feet enters the reserve 1/2
mile
south of the Brahmagiri hill and proceeds through enclosure No. III to the
Kodange Maley Estate enclosure Nos : I and 11
RR.W. No: 3 Cherangala Malabar path to a width to three feet enters the reserve some 2
furlongs
North of Kanngudi betta motte ridge. Serves enclosure No:V and proceeds
crossing the Bettamalai Hole or Kodange malai Hole to enclosure no. Vi, thence
leaving it at its southern end, follows the river to a point where that river crossed
the Canara frontier.
P.R.W. No: 4 Puthithere malai enclosure path to a width of four feet, branches from P.R.W.
No : 3
above just after its entry into the reserve and leads to enclosure no. III
lyengeri Village
P.R.W. No: I path to a width of six feet proceeding from P.R.W. No : 7 of Naladi village
northwards
serves enclosures nos. XVI, XVII, XV, XIV, XVIII, XIX, XX and westwards to
enclosures nos. XIII, XII, XI and X.
P.R.W. No: 3 lyengeri-Padimalai enclosure path to a width of three feet enters the reserve north
of
T.A. Ahnamunda and passes south wards to enclosure no. VII, VIII and IX.
199
P.R.W. No: 4 Padimalai enclosure path to a width of three feet, branched from
P.R.W. No : 3 to and serves enclosure nos. VII & VIII.
Naladi Village.
P.R.W. No: 1 Naladi path to a width of three feet enters the reserve on the left
bank of the Kakkabe
river, passes south-west wards and serves enclosures nos. XXXVIII, XXXIX,
XL and xxxv.
P.R.W. No: 4 Tolathamali Chootimalai path to a width of three feet branches from P.R.W.
No:
I above, passes westwards to enclosure no. XXXIII serving Angarekolli coffee
Saguvali malai enclosure no. XXXII and XXXVI.
P.R.W. No: 4 Tolathmalai Chootimalai path to a width of three feet branches from P.R.W. No.
I above passes westwards to enclosure no XXXVII XXXIV &XXXIII.
P.R.W. No: 5 Kunlala-Malabar path to a width of three feet, enters the reserve about 3 furlongs
south of the boundary between Naladi and lyengeri villages, passes westwards
across the Baikabbe motte spur, to estate enclosure no. XXXI and from thence
to the Malabar frontier, serving enclosure no. XXXIX.
P.R.W. No: 6 Balluvupali malai path to a width of three feet branches off the P.R.W. No 5
and passes to enclosure No. XXI.
P.R.W. No: 7 Path to a width of three feet branches off the P.R.W. No : 5 above and passes
north wards to enclosures nos. XXIII, XXII, XXVI, XXV, XXVIII, XXVI, XLI,
XLII, XLII, XLII, XLIV, XLV, XLVI, XLVII, XLVII, XLIX and L.
P.R.W. No: 8 Path to a width of three feet - branches from P.R.N. No. 7 above passes
eastwards to enclosure no. XXX.
Yavakapadi Village.
P.R.W. No : I Pattadamalai path to width of three feet enters the reserve on the saddle of the hill
range
about I mile north of Kabbe hill and passes westwards and serves enclosures
nos. LII, IXII, IXI and LXII.
P.R.W.No.2. Kalliandamalai path to width of three feet enters the reserve about 5 furlon-s
east of the Yavakapadi village boundary and passes southwards serving
enclosures no.LII,Llll,LKV and then westwards serving enclosures nos. LVI,
LVII, LVIII and LIX.
200
P.R.W. No: 3 Katiakundu malai path to a width of three feet branching from P.R.W.No.2
above at enclosure no. LIV and passes south and westwards serving enclosures
nos. LV and L and meets P.R.W. I No: 2 at enclosure no. LIX. P.R.W. No: 4
Pongaremalai path to width of three feet branches off the P.R.W.No.2 near
enclosure no. Lll and proceeds to the Pongare nalai enclosure no: LI
P.R.W. No: 5 Path to a width of three feet branches off the Koliandamalai path
P.R.W. No: 6 Near enclosure no. Llll and proceeds to enclosure no.Llll
P.R.W. No: 7 Path to a width of three feet branches from P.R.W. No : 5 and proceeds
northwards to
P.R.W. No: 5 Above.
P.R.W. No 8 Path to a width of three feet branches of P.R.W.No.2 and proceeds to the Tadi
pole G.T.S. where it ceases.
Chelavara Village.
P.R.W. No I Chelavara Malabar path to a width of 12 feet enters the reserve near the Kabbe
motte hill and proceeds along the hill range through enclosure no: LXV to the
Udumbe hore to the Malabar district.
P.R.W.No 2 Kabbe hill path to a width of three feet enters the reserve on the
Kabbe motte hill and
joins P.R.W. No : I of Yavakapadi village serving enclosure No : LXIV
Karada Village.
P.R.W. No : 1 Karada Jamma malai path to a width of three feet enters the
reserve near the Katotipadantu
malai and proceeds along the village boundary of the Chelvara and Karada
village to enclosures nos. LXVI and LXVII and to Malabar frontier.
Palangala Village.
P.R.W. No. I Jamma malai path to a width of three feet branches of P.R.W. No : I of Ktrada
village and proceeds to enclosures nos. LXVII and LXIX.
P.R.W.No.2 Kondamalai enclosure path to a width of three feet serves enclosure no LXX.
P.R.W. No: 3 Enclosure no. LXVIII to LXX path to a width of three feet branches from P.R.W.
No: I
201
and proceeds eastwards to enclosure no. LXX where it joins P.R.W. No : 2
above.
P.R.W. No: 4 Kedamullur Malabar path to a width of three feet, enters the reserve about 1/2
mile
south of enclosure no: LXX and proceeds along the Taluk boundary to Mtlabar.
The reservation is free of all rights other than those stated above.
R.C.H.M.King
Secretary to the Chief Commissioner.
The Chief Commissioner of Coorg Notiflcation
Bangalore, the 24th June 1908.
No.58. the Chief commissioner of Coorg is pleased to declare under the provisions of
section 19 of the Indian forest Act. (VII of 1878) that from the 15th August 1908, the area , the
boundaries of which are set forth in the schedule appended to this notification, will constituted
a Reserved Forest.
SCHEDULE
Province Taluk Name of Forest Description of Boundaries
Coorg Padinalknad Kerti
North: Starting from a point on the tri junction of the yedenalknad, Padinalknad Taluk
boundary and of the serve forest boundary, the line follows the boundary between
survey no : 533 and 43 I., south eastwards and then proceeds along the southern
boundary of survey no. 526,528,510 and 396 of the Kedamallur village, to the Heggala
village boundary; thence south, eastwards along the boundaries of survey nos. 123-1,
for 2 miles and 1 1/2 furlongs; eastwards excluding survey no. 21 I-A, 209, 205, 194,
191 and 123-1 all of the Heggala village, to the Arji village boundary; thence it
proceeds for 41/2 furlongs along three hill tops south eastwards to the southern edge of
the Perambadi tank joining the Virajpet - Cannanore High road.
East: The Government road as far as the Malabar District boundary which this road crosses at
the KUII hole bridge.
South : the Malabar District boundary westwards as far as its tri junction with the Padinalknad
and Yedenalknad taluk boundaries.
West: the Padinalnkad taluk boundary north wards to the starting point.
Remarks A
The following area enclosed within the reserve have been admitted as, either free from
reservation, or subject to various right.
202
Enclosure: 1. Mondolli- Porakadu coffee saguvali malle. Area 75-9 acres consisting of
survey no 536,537 and 538 of kedamullur Village. The rights for the these malles are as
follows:-
i) Survey nos: 536 and 537, the Mondoli malle having
a) Right of ingress and egress by P.R.W. Nos : 2 and 3
b) Right to shoot within the malle subject to the provisions of the Indian Arms
Act.
c) Right to take minor produce from the malle for wet cultivation.
ii) Survey No. 538 the Porakadu malle, having
a) right of ingress and egress by P.R.W. Nos : 2 and 3.
b) right to take minor produce from the malle for wet cultivation.
Enclosure II. Babbiradu coffee saguvalli malle, area are 243.87 acres, consisting of survey nos.
529-1 and 529-2 of kedamullur village with under mentioned rights:-
a) right of ingress and egress by P.R.W. No : 4
b) right to shoot within the malle subject to the provisions of the Indian Arms act.
c) right to take minor produce for wet cultivation.
Enclosure 111. Karriara Banna Devarakadu, area 668.80 acres survey no: 531 of the
Kedamulur village with the undermentioned rights.
a) right of ingress and egress by P.R.W. No : 3
b) right of halt in the reserve on the way to the banna.
c) right to build temporary sheds taking materials such as waters, creepers and
leaves for
the time being:-
d) right to cook and to present offerings during the months of January to May both
months included.
Remarks - B
The following rights of way are admitted within the reserve
P.R.W. No: I Kedamullur-Palangala path 3 feet wide for men only: enters the reserve at the
southern and of survey no: 526 of Kedamullur village passes westwards to
Palangala village Padinalknad taluk.
P.R.W.No.2 Kedamullur - Malabar path, 6 feet wide for men and cattle: enters the reserve at
Survey no: 526 and passes along the western boundary of the Kariara banna
survey no : 531 ( (Enclosure No. 111) to survey no: 531 (Enclosure no : I and
from thence to Malabar to the Byathur temple.
203
P.R.W. No. 5 Heggala - Malabar path, 4 feet wide for men and cattle: enters the reserve tolt the
southern boundary of survey no : 123-1 passes through it first westwards then
southwards along the left bank of the kull hole river which it crosses proceeding
on the right bank to Malabar.
Remarks C
Free grazing to the extent of head of cattle by virtue of order published in notification no : 55
dated the 3rd November 198 1, is permitted to Bilimaggada Barda and Dasi of the Arji village
for their wet cultivation survey no: 196 of the Heggala village called Kalimanda warg.
The reservation is free of all rights, save those described above.
F.P.Rennie.
422
Annexure - XLIX (a)
Statement showing the record of individual rights under ST and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act,
2006 in Makut Range.
Name of RF Sl.
No
Name & Address of
Right Holders (Postal
Address)
Name of Spouse
(If Right Holder
is Married) or
Name of Father if
Right Holder
Unmarried
Hakkupatra
No
Date on
which DCF
signed
Hakkupatra
Taluk,
Hobli
Village
Survey no
Given to
right
holder’s
land
Area of the
land in acres
or as
recorded in
Hakkupatra
Caste of
Right holder
as per
Hukkupatra
& Category
Remarks
if Any
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Kerti RF 1 Sukumar. Heggala
Viillage, Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Ragavan.
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala, 211/1 0.30 Yerava ST No
2 Raghava,
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Karimatha
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala, 211/1 0.05 Yerava ST No
3 Mara,
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Bolka Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala, 211/1 0.15 Yerava ST No
4 Rajee
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Meda Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala, 211/1 0.18 Yerava ST No
5 Baba
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Mara Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala, 211/1 0.19 Yerava ST No
6 Sundara
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Meda Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala, 211/1 0.20 Yerava ST No
7 Karunan
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Belly Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala,
211/1
0.16
Yerava ST
No
423
Name of RF Sl.
No
Name & Address of
Right Holders (Postal
Address)
Name of Spouse
(If Right Holder
is Married) or
Name of Father if
Right Holder
Unmarried
Hakkupatra
No
Date on
which DCF
signed
Hakkupatra
Taluk,
Hobli
Village
Survey no
Given to
right
holder’s
land
Area of the
land in acres
or as
recorded in
Hakkupatra
Caste of
Right holder
as per
Hukkupatra
& Category
Remarks
if Any
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
8 Vinod
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Gopala
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala,
211/1
0.10
Yerava ST
No
9 Gopal
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Jollymoofa
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala,
211/1
0.12
Yerava ST
No
10 Jolly
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
-
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala,
211/1
0.12
Yerava ST
No
11 Rajan
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kenga
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala,
211/1
0.10
Yerava ST
No
12 Manoj
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Bola
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala,
211/1
0.10
Yerava ST
No
13 Shantha
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband-
Sathish
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala,
211/1
0.12
Yerava ST
No
14 Chemban
Heggala Viillage,
Makutta Post,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Mara
Not
available
Not
available
Virajpet,
Heggala
211/1
0.15
Yerava ST
No
2.04 Acres
424
Annexure – XLIX (b)
Statement showing the record of individual rights under ST and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act,
2006 in Thithimathi Range.
Name of RF Sl.
No
Name & Address of
Right Holders (Postal
Address)
Name of Spouse
(If Right Holder
is Married) or
Name of Father if
Right Holder
Unmarried
Hakkupatra
No
Date on
which DCF
signed
Hakkupatra
Taluk, Hobli
Village
Survey no
Given to
right
holder’s
land
Area of the
land in acres
or as
recorded in
Hakkupatra
Caste of
Right holder
as per
Hukkupatra
& Category
Remarks
if Any
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Devamachi
RF
1 J.K. Kumara
Bommanally Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Kariya .
Wife. Lalitha.
0650
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303
0.40
Jenukurba
ST
No
2 Honna Bommanally,
Colony. Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Gejje
Wife. Parvathi
0651
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
3 Parvathi,
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband.
Late Kariya
Father Late
Kempa
0652
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.25
Jenukurba
ST
No
4 G.K. Lingappa
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Kempa
Wife. Vasanthi.
0653
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.33
Jenukurba
ST
FOC.NO
45/
2002-03
5 P.K. Javana.
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Kala
Wife. Chomi
0654
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.90
Jenukurba
ST
FOC.NO
47/
2002-03
425
6 G.K. Kenchi
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Late
G.K. Kariya
Husband.Late
G.K. Kencha
0655
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.08
Jenukurba
ST
No
7 J.M. Seetha.
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Late
Putta
Husband.Late
Rama
0656
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.09
Jenukurba
ST
No
8 J.K. Mani.
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Late
Thimma
Wife Late
Kamala
0657
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
9 J.K. Raju.
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Late
Kempa
Wife J.R.
Lakshmi
0658
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.80
Jenukurba
ST
No
10 J.K. Ramesh .
Bommanally, Colony,
Bhadragola,
Thithimathi Post
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Late
Putta
Wife Savitha
0659
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
11 Vasanthi J.
Reshme Hadlu,
(Bogana Hadi)
Thithimathi, Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband.
Vijaya
0719
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.14
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
12 Raju J.S.
Reshme Hadlu,
(Bogana Hadi),
Thithimathi, Virajpet
Taluk.
Father. Sidda
Wife. Ammani
0720
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.20
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
426
13 Ramesh J.
Reshme Hadlu,
(Bogana Hadi),
Thithimathi, Virajpet
Taluk.
Father. Annaiah
Wife. Shanthi
0721
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.20
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
14 Basava J.K.
Reshme Hadlu
(Bogana Hadi)
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father.Kempa
Wife. Parvathy
0722
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.70
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
15 Thimma J.G.
Reshme Hadlu
(Bogana Hadi)
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father.Gopala
Wife. Geetha
0723
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.40
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
16 Ranga J.R.
Reshme Hadlu
(Bogana Hadi)
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father. Rama.
Wife. Dasi.
0724
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.26
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
17 Lakshmana J.
Reshme Hadlu
(Bogana Hadi)
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father. Putta
Wife. Seethe
0725
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.45
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
18 Muthu J.R.
Reshme Hadlu
(Bogana Hadi)
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father. Raju
Wife. Geetha
0726
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.40
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
427
19 B.S. Kala Akkimala
Hadi Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Soma
Wife. Shanthi.
0509
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 1.80
Kadu
Kurba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
20 B.S. Chanda.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Soma
0510
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 1.80
Kadu
Kurba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
21 J.M. Kali.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Soma
Husband - Mari
0511
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.955
Jenu
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
22 J.K. Rajappa
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Mani
Wife. Boji
0512
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.25
Jenu
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
23 B. SannaKala.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Chanda
Wife. Somi
0513
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 3.95
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
24 Sanna Kala.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Chanda
0514
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 2.30
Kadu
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
428
25 M.C. Kala.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Chanda
Wife. Chelly
0515
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 1.15
Kadu
Kurba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
26 Chanda Kala.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Chanda
0516
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 1.00
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
27 Kumara B.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Mather -Bolli
Wife. Gowri
0517
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.55
Jenu Kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
28 Raju.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Mather -Linga
Wife. Basavi
(Sharada)
0519
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.80 Jenu Kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
29 Kumar K.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father -Kariya
Wife. Jaya
0520
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.55 Jenu Kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
30 Raejesh J.K.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-J.K.
Kenchappa
Wife. Shanthi
0521
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.22 Jenu Kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadra
gola
Village
429
31 Raju C.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-
ChikkaRama
Wife. Susheela
0522
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.25 Jenu Kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadrago
la Village
32 Mohan J.K.
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Kariya
Wife. Geetha
0523
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.65 Jenu Kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadrag
ola
Village
33 Mani B.M. Akkimala
Hadi Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Soma
0739
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 1.40
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadrag
ola
Village
34 Mada B.S
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Kala
Wife. Rathna
0740
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.30 Jenu
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Bhadrag
ola
Village
35 Kala Mara Akkimala
Hadi Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Kala
Wife. Chelly
0742
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 0.30
Jenu
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Badraag
ola
Village
Foc No
58/
2002-03
36 Raju B.R
Akkimala Hadi
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Ramu
Wife. Baby B.S
0743
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6 2.70
Jenu
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303 of
Badraag
ola
Village
Foc No
58/
2002-03
430
37 J.K. Raju
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Kariya
Wife. Kalpana
0660
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.60
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
38 P.M. Manju.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Mada
Wife. P.M.
Seethu
0661
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.45 Yerava ST
No
39 J.B. Annaiah. Kare
Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Bollya
Wife. Late
Parvathy
0662
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.06
Jenukurba
ST
No
40 Kamakshi.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Mara
Husband –Late
Seena
0663
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 1.30
Jenukurba
ST
No
41 J.P. Ravi
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Putta
Wife. Shanthi
0664
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.23
Jenukurba
ST
No
42 P.B. Bala
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Putta
Wife. P.B. Nanji
0665
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 1.20
Yearva ST
No
43 P.M. Malla.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
P.M Mada
Wife. P.M.
Parvathy
0666
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.45
Yearva ST
No
44 Shankara.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Hanumanthaiah
Wife. Mallige
0667
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.23
Yearva ST
No
431
45 J.K. Kulla. Kare Hadlu
Bhadragola Village
Thithimathi Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-Late-
Putta
Wife.
Sannamma
0668
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.60
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
46 J.K. Sanna.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Putta
Wife. Gowri
0669
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.20
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
47 Shankara.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Somaiah
Wife. Susheela
J.K
0670
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 1.20
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
48 Raju J.K.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Kariya
Wife. Kaveri
0671
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 1.35 Jenu Kurba
ST
No
49 Ashoka J.K.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Mani J.T.
Wife. J.H.
Lakshmi
0672
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.60
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
50 Sannamma J.K.
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Devarapura
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband Late
Annaiah
0673
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.15 Jenu Kurba
ST
No
51 B.M. Soma. Kare
Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Devarapura
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Mara
Wife. Kamala
0674
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.50 Jenu Kurba
ST
No
52 J.S. Chandru
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Devarapura
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Gopala
Wife. Bhagya
0675
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 3.20 Jenu Kurba
ST
No
432
53 B.S. Shanthi. Kare
Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Devarapura
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late-
Kala
Husband Mara
0676
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.16
Jenu Kurba
ST
Foc-63/
2002-03
54 Parnda P.C. Kare Hadlu
Bhadragola Village
Thithimathi Devarapura
Virajpet Taluk.
Wife. P Thangi
0677
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.40 Yerava ST
No
55 Smt Chelly
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Devarapura
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband.Mara
678
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.16
Yerava ST
Foc No
66/
2002-03
56 Seetha
Kare Hadlu Bhadragola
Village Thithimathi
Devarapura
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband. Late
Kala
0679
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Bhadragola
303 0.16 Jenukurba
ST
Foc No
65/
2002-03
57 J.K. Appaiah,
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk
Father- Kala
Wife. Parvathy.
0176
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A 1.50
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
58 J.B Kencha .
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Basava
Wife. J.K.
Shanthi
0177
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.00
Jenu Kurba
ST
Foc No
72/
2002-03
59 J.M. Suresh.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Mutha
Wife. Prema
0178
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.00
Jenu Kurba
ST No
60 J.M. Somanna.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Mutha
0179
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.00
Jenu Kurba
ST No
61 J.B. Ganesh.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Byra
Wife. Shanthi
0180
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.20
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
433
62 J.B. Shankara.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Byra
0181
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.25
Jenu Kurba
ST No
63 J.H. Manu.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Honna
Wife. Geetha
0182
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.30
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
64 J.H. Chandra.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Honna
Wife. Rajamma
0183
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.75
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
65 J.H. Thammana.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Honna
Wife- Gangu
0184
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.20
Jenu Kurba
ST
No
66 Muthamma.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband.
Choma
0185
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
4.00
Yerava ST
No
67 J.M. Sivaji.
BasavanallyHadi,
Chennayana Kote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father Mutha
0763
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
4.30
Jenukurba
ST
No
68 Y.N. Kali Deyyada Hadlu
Hadi. Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Basuva
0150
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.40
Yerava
ST
No
69 Y.K. Ramu.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Kencha
Wife- Chinnama
0151
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.50
Yerava
ST
No
70 P.K. Kala
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kencha
Wife- Chomi
P.K
0152
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A 0.90
Yerava
ST
No
434
71 P.K. Papu.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kala
Wife. P.K.
Seethe
0153
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.60
Yerava
ST
No
72 P.P. Kaveri.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Balle
Husband .Pujari
0154
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.90
Yerava
ST
No
73 P.K. Basava.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Jogi
Wife. Malli
0155
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.20
Yerava
ST
No
74 P.S. Suresh.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Soma
Wife- Y.R.
Gowramma
0156
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.45
Yerava
ST
Foc No
37/
2002-03
75 Y.S. Raju.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Sundara
Wife. Baby
0157
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.50
Yerava
ST
No
76 P.M. Sidda.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Mudda
Wife- Subbi P.S.
0158
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.75
Yerava
ST
No
77 P.S. Gopi.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband.
P.K. Subba
0159
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.25
Yerava
ST
No
78 P.S. Madi.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband. Late
Nanja
0160
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.90
Panjari
Yerava ST
No
435
79 P.N. Thammu.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. –Nelli
Wife- Y.T. Rani
0161
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.70
Yerava ST
No
80 P.K. Chomi.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Nelli
Husband- Kala
0162
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.70
Yerava ST
No
81 Y.K. Kaveri.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father –Nelli
Husband Kala
0163
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.10
Yerava ST
No
82 P.K. Kaveri.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father –
Sannaiah
Husband Kala
0164
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.00
Yearva St
No
83 Y.P. Chomi
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father –Pithiya
Husband
Choma
0165
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.10
Yearva ST
No
84 P.S. Gowri.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father –P.
Chama
Husband Subba
0166
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.30
Yearva ST
No
85 P.M. Nanji.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband. Mara.
0167
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.30
Yearva ST
No
86 P.S. Annappa.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father. –Subba
Wife. J.K. Neela
0168
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.60
Yearva ST
No
436
87 Y.C. Mutha.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. –
Chama/ Kala
WifeY.K. Ponni
0169
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.70
Yearva ST
Foc No
78/
2002-03
88 Y.R. Basava.
Deyyada Hadlu Hadi.
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk
Father.–
Late Ranga
Wife. Y.R. Joshi
0170
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.10
Yearva ST
Foc No
79/
2002-03
89 J.K. Baby. Deyyada
Hadlu Hadi. Chennangi
Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk
Father- J. Putta.
Husband-
Thammu
0171
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
90 P.K. Subba.
Deyyada Hadlu Adivasi
Hadi. Chennangi
Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk
Father- Kariya
Wife- P.S. Gopi
0758
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.25
Yerava
ST
No
91 Y.P. Raju.
Deyyada Hadlu Adivasi
Hadi. Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk
Father- Papu
Wife-
P.M. Manjula
0759
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.00
Yerava
ST
No
92 Y.K. Lakshmana.
Deyyada Hadlu Adivasi
Hadi. Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk
Father-
P.K. Kencha
Wife-
Y.L. Kalamma
0760
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.92
Yerava
ST
No
93 Y.P. Appanna.
Deyyada Hadlu Adivasi
Hadi. Chennangi
Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk
Father. P.P.
Papu
Wife. P.S. Baby
0761
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
437
94 Y.R Siddappaji.
Deyyada Hadlu Adivasi
Hadi. Chennangi
Village.
Chennan Kote.
Virajpet Taluk
Father.
Y.K.Ramu
Wife. Y.R.
Kaveri
0762
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.30
Jenukurba
ST
No
95 Kencha J.B.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Basuva
0097
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.25
Jenukurba
ST
No
96 Muthumani. J.L
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. Linga.
Wife. Komala
0098
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
97 Papanna J.B.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. Basava.
Wife.
Chandravathi
0099
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.25
Jenukurba
ST
No
98 J.S. Thammaiah.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. Sidda.
Wife. Jaya
0100
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
4.00
Jenukurba
ST
No
99 Basappa J.K..
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. Kencha
Wife. Savithri
0101
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.70
Jenukurba
ST
No
100 Kencha J.K..
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. Kariya
Wife. Gowru
0102
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.60
Jenukurba
ST
Foc No
24/
2002
438
101 Ramu J.K. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. Kencha
Wife.Lakshmi
0103
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.70
Jenukurba
ST
No
102 Ramu J.K. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father. Kencha
Wife.Lakshmi
0104
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.15
Jenukurba
ST
No
103 Manju J.K.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father. Kencha
Wife.Rani
0105
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.10
Jenukurba
ST
No
104 Raju J.K. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Kala
Wife- Radha
0106
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.10
Jenukurba
ST
No
105 Janu J.S.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband-
Subba.
0107
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.50
Jenukurba
ST
No
106 J.S. Rajanna.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Subba
Wife- Seethe
0108
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.80
Jenukurba
ST
No
107 J.S. Byra. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Sidda
Wife- Kali
0109
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
108 Gange J.R.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband-
Rama
0110
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.80
Jenukurba
ST
No
439
109 Raghu J.R.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Rama
( Rangaiah)
Wife- Gowri
0111
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
110 Muthappa J.M.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Mutta
Wife- Prema
0112
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
111 J.R. Rami.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband-
Rama
0113
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.00
Jenukurba
ST
No
112 PuttaRaju.J.K
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father-
Kalinga
Wife- Saroja
0114
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
5.00
Jenukurba
ST
No
113 Mutha J.B.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Byra
Wife- Shanthi
0115
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.80
Jenukurba
ST
No
114 Kulla J.K.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Kariya
0116
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.50
Jenukurba
ST
No
115 Gange J.P.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband- Putta
0117
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.40
Jenukurba
ST
No
116 J.M. Gowri.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband-
Mutta
0118
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.30
Jenukurba
ST
No
440
117 Rajappa J.M.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Mutta Ganesh
Wife- Latha
0119
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
3.20
Jenukurba
ST
No
118 Raju J.K.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Kalinga
Wife- Ammuni
0120
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.40
Jenukurba
ST Foc No
27/2002
119 Rajamani J.P. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Agala
Wife-
Neelamma
0121
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.80
Jenukurba
ST
Foc No
31/2002
120 Sannappa .
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennan Kote. Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Putta
(Govinda)
Wife- Susheela
0122
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.40
Jenukurba
ST
Foc No
29/2002
121 Susheela J.B Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Husband- Babu
0123
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.80
Jenukurba
ST
No
122 Raju J.B. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk
Father- Boja
Wife- Shanthi
0124
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.80
Jenukurba
ST
No
123 Kalamma J.H.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk
Husband-
Honna
0125
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.50
Jenukurba
ST
No
124 Boja J.K. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Kencha
Wife- Gowri
0126
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.30
Jenukurba
ST
Foc No
25/2002
441
125 Raghu J.P.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Putta
Wife- Janaki
0127
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
1.50
Jenukurba
ST
No
126 Annappa J.K.
Chottepare Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kencha
Wife- Latha
J.A
0128
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.80
Jenukurba
ST
No
127 Boja J.B. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote Virajpet
Taluk.
Father- Basava
Wife-
Parvathy
0129
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
0.90
Jenukurba
ST
Foc No
26/2002
128 J.M. Mani. Chottepare
Hadi,
Chennangi Village.
Chennayankote
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Mutha
Wife- Meena
0764
No
Virajpet,
Ammathi
Chennangi
106/7A
2.60
Jenukurba
ST
No
129 P.C. Chatha
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Sidda
Wife- Thimmi
0524
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.90
Yerava
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
130 J.B. Ganesh,
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Bolla
Wife-Kaveri
0525
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.60
Junu kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
131 J.R. Muthu.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Ramu
Wife-Kamali
J.M.
0526
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.40
Junu kurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola Foc
No
116/
2002-03
442
132 J.L. Muthu.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Linga
Wife- J.B. Rami
0527
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.00
Yerava
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
133 J.B. Rama.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Bolla
Wife- Gowri
0528
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
2.85
Yerava
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola Foc No
112/
2002-03
134 J.B. Annu.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Linga
Wife- Meena
0529
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.55
Yerava
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
135 J.K. Thimma.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kodangi
Basava
Wife- Parvathy
0530
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.30
Yerava
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
136 P.M. Raju.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Mara
Wife- Devakki
0531
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.20
Yerava. ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
137 J.M. Rama.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late J.T. Mutta
Wife-
Gangamma
0532
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
2.00
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
138 P.S. Seethe.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late. Sidda
0533
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.10
Yerava
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
443
139 P.C. Gange.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Sidda.P
Husband – Kala
0534
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.10
Yerava
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
140 P.S. Subba.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Sidda.
Wife-
Neelamma
0535
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.50
Jenukuruba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola Foc No
120/
2002-03
141 B.M. Kala.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Sannamara
Wife- Manjula
0536
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
7.25
Kuruba ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
142 P.C. Raju.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Chanda
Wife- Gowri
0537
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
4.05
Kurba ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
143 P.C. Papu.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Chikanna
Wife- Pushpa
0538
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.30
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
144 P.P. Sidda.
Reshme Hadlu, Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Paka
Wife- Gowri
0539
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.50
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
145 P.M. Mutha.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Mara
Wife- Gange
0540
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.90
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
444
146 P.P. Gowri.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Paka
Husband. Late
Rama
0541
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.00
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
147 P.P. Gowri.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Paka
Husband –Late
Rama
0542
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.35
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
148 Chikki
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband – Kala
0543
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.00
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
149 Chikki
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband –Late
Kala
0544
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.10
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
150 Y.S. Nanji
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Wife- Late Nelly
0545
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.75
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
151 Mallige B.K.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father – Chanda
Husband – Papu
0546
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
8.00
JenuKuruba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
152 P.S Shanthi
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father – Nanja
Husband –
Subba
0547
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.80
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
153 P.M. Raju.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Late
Mara
0548
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.85
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
445
154 Sanna J.B.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –
Govinda
Wife - Sarasu
0549
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.50
Jenu Kurba
ST
Actual Sy
No 303 Bhadragol
a
Foc No 114/
2002-03
155 P.K. Ashoka.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –
P.B.Kala
Wife – Savitha
0550
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.40
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrago
la
156 J.K. Kencha.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Putta
Wife – Gowri
0551
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
2.00
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrago
la
157 J.H. Hejjaiah. Reshme
Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Honna
Wife –
Sannamma
0552
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.70
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrago
la
Foc No
94/
2002-03
158 J.P. Rama.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Putta
Wife –
Sannajayamma
0553
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.80
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
159 Kencha J.P.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Putta
Wife – Kali
0554
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.95
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
160 J.R. Ravi.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Ranga
Wife –J.R.
Gowri
0555
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.55
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrago
la
Foc No-
93/
2002-03
446
161 J.D. Kariya.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Dasa
Wife –J.
Jayanthy
0556
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.00
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
162 J.S. Kencha.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Subba
Wife –Parvathi
0557
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.95
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
163 J.G. Thimma.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Gopala
Wife –Geetha
0558
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.85
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
164 J.S. Gopala.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –Late
Basava
Wife –Kenchi
0559
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
2.55
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
165 J.P. Ramu.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
-
0560
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.30
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
166 Shanthi C.S.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband- Mara
0561
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
1.00
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
167 P.M. Raju.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Mara
0562
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.80
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
168 P.C. Appi.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father –
P.S. Chikka
Wife –Rathi
0563
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.50
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
447
169 Subash P.R.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Mother- Kaveri
Wife –Jayanthi
0564
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.70
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
170 Boji P.C.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Basava
Husband- Late
Chatha
0565
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.50
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
171 J.K. Suresh.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Kencha
Wife – Gowri
0566
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.28
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
172 J.K. Ramu.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Honna
Wife – J. Kulli
0567
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.40
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
173 J.K. Rajanna.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-J. Kencha
Wife –
J.R. Neelamma
0568
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.50
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola Foc No
104/
2002-03
174 J.K. Rajanna.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Mutha
Wife – Shanthi
0569
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.60
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
448
175 Rajappa J.L.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Linga
Wife – Lalitha
0570
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.60
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
176 J.L. Chandra.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Linga
Wife – Leela
0571
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.20
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
177 J.P. Raju.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Putta
Wife – Janu
0572
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.12
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
178 J.R.Chandru .
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Ramu
J.H.
0573
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.12
Jenukurba
ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
179 Kavery. P.C.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Chama
Husband- Late
Rama
0574
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
0.25
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
180 Chinni.
Reshme Hadlu,Hadi,
Dodda Reshme Hadlu
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Kala.
Husband-
Choma
0575
31-8-2010
Virajpet,
Ponnampet
Nookya
104/6
2.10
Yerava ST
Actual
Sy No
303
Bhadrag
ola
449
181 Ravi P.M.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk
Father-
Late.Mara
0053
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-1
2.40
Panjari
Yerava ST
No
182 Ramu P.S.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk
Father- Subba
Wife- Boji
0054 13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-2 2.00 Yerava ST No
183 Ashoka P.N.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk
Father-Nanja
Wife-Kaveri
P.A. 0055
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-3 2.50 Yerava ST No
184 Kashi P.S. Chikka
Reshme, Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Subba
Wife-Madi
0056
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-4 1.50 Yerava ST No
185 Boji P.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Ranga
Husband-
Late Rajappa
P.S 0057
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-5 1.50 Yerava ST No
186 Kala P.M.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Malla
Wife-Monni
0058 13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-6 1.50 Yerava ST No
450
187 Rahgu Y. S.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Sidda
Wife-
Gowramma
0059 13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-7 0.50
Panjari
Yearav ST No
188 Putti P.K. Chikka
Reshme, Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband- Late
Belli
0060
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-8
2.50
Yearav ST
No
189 Soma Y.K.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late.
Kala
Wife-Late
Lakshmi
0061
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-9
1.50
Yearav ST
No
190 Gange P.C.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Chatha
Husband- Late
Chatha
0062
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-10
0.40
Yearav ST
No
191 Soma Y.S.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Subba
Wife- Jyothi P.K
0063
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-11
1.50
Yearav ST
No
192 Devi P.J.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband -
Late Mara
0064
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-12
0.30
Yearav ST
No
451
193 Kala P.J.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk
Father-
Jogi
Wife- Devi
0065
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-13
1.10
Yearav ST
No
194 Chikki. P.P.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kunte
Husband- Late
P.K. Kunte
0066
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-14
6.00
Yearav ST
No
195 Pembi P.M.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Chatha
Husband- Late
Macha
0067
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-15
0.70
Yearav ST
No
196 Boji P.M.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Late
Kala
Husband- Mutha
0068
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-16
3.30
Yearav ST
No
197 Mada P.P. Chikka
Reshme, Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Putta
Wife-Gange
P.M.
0069
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-17
2.20
Yearav ST
No
198 Chatha P.S. Chikka
Reshme, Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Subba
Wife-Boji.
0070
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-18
1.50
Yearav ST
No
452
199 Mutha P.M.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Macha
Wife-Neela
0071
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-19
3.30
Yearav ST
Foc No
88/
2002-03
200 Boja P.K.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kala
Wife-Subbi Y.R
0073
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-21
2.00
Yearav ST
No
201 Kaveri Y.M. Chikka
Reshme, Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband- Late
Jogi
0074
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-22
3.00
Yearav ST
No
202 Karpi P.J
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband- Late
Rama
0075
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-23
2.30
Yearav ST
No
203 Chikki P.M.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband- Late
Mani
0076
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-24
0.50
Yearav ST
No
204 Mare P.C.
Chikka Reshme,
Adivasi Hadi,
Chennangi,
Chennankote,
Virajpet Taluk.
Husband- Late
Chatha
0077
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-26
0.60
Yearav ST
No
453
205 J.T. Seena
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Thimma
Wife- Neela
0078
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-1
2.20
Jenukurba
ST
No
206 J.K. Krishna.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Thimma
Wife- Kamala
0079
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-2
1.90
Jenukurba
ST
No
207 J.S. Rama.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Subba
Wife- J.R
Janakki
0080
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-3
0.45
Jenukurba
ST
No
208 J.R. Thimma.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late
Ranga
Wife- Honni
0081
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-4
2.20
Jenukurba
ST
No
209 P.K. Malla.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Late P.
Kariya
Wife- P.M.
Lakshmi
0082
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-5
2.80
Yerava ST
No
210 Y.M. Suresha
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
P.K. Malla
Wife- Y.S. Mare
0083
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-6
0.40
Yerava ST
Foc No
82/
2002-03
211 P.J. Nelli.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Jogi
Wife- Kaveri
0084
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-7
0.42
Yerava ST
Foc No
81/
2002-03
454
212 P.M. Soma.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Mara
Wife- Kaveri
0085
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-8
1.55
Yerava ST
No
213 P.K. Racha. Kesuvena
Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kariya
Wife- Devi
0086
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-9
0.32
Yerava ST
No
214 P.K. Nanja. Kesuvena
Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Kariya
Wife- Kali
0087
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-10
0.25
Yerava ST
Foc No
50/
2002-03
215 P.M. Sidda.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- P. Mada
Wife- Gowri
0088
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-11
0.25
Yerava ST
No
216 P.M. Annu.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- P. Mara
Wife- P.A.
Savithri
0089
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-12
0.25
Yerava ST
No
217 P.B. Mutha.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-
Late Bachi
Wife-
P.M.Gowri
0090
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-13
1.30
Yerava ST
No
218 P.S. Mani.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father- Sidda
Wife- Manju
0091
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-14
0.25
Yerava ST
No
455
219 P.R. Mota.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-Ranga
Wife- P.M. Nagi
0092
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-15
1.20
Yerava ST
No
220 P.B. Raju.
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-P. Boja
Wife- P.R.
Muthi
0093
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-16
0.80
Yerava ST
No
221 P.B. Rama
Kesuvena Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk.
Father-P. Boja
Wife- P.R. Devi
0094
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-17
1.00
Yerava ST
Foc No
83/
2002-03
222 P.R. Mutha. Kesuvena
Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk
Father-Ranga
Wife- Setthe
0095
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-18
1.80
Yerava ST
No
223 P.K. Boja Kesuvena
Kere
Adivasi Hadi
Chennangi Village
Virajpet Taluk
Father-Kariya
Wife- Chomi
0096
13-1-2010
Virajpet,
Ammathy
Chennangi
106/7A
Block-19
1.50
Yerava ST
No
290.645
Abstract
Range No. of Right
Holders
Extent of area for which
Hakkupatra distributed in acres
Makut 14 2.04
Thithimathi 223 290.645
Grand Total 237 292.685
Name &
RF/VF/DF
Notificatio
n No. &
Date.
Gazette
details.
District Taluk. Hobli. Village. Sy.No. Area
encroach
ed (in
Ha).
Area
encroached
(in Acre).
Name of the
encroachers.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
1
Land
Transferred
from Revenue
Forest
Department.
(Paisari)
- - Kodagu Virajpet Hudikeri Hysodlur 1/1 0.202 0.50 Kurubara Linga 1
2 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Hysodlur 1/1 0.202 0.50 Kurubara Boja 1
3 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Hysodlur 1/1 0.202 0.50 Kurubara Rama 1
4 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Hysodlur 1/1 0.809 2.00 Nurera Ramesh 1
5 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Hysodlur 1/1 0.809 2.00 Madira Pemmaiah 1
6 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Hysodlur 1/1 0.809 2.00 Bojjangada Nachappa 1
7 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Hysodlur 1/1 1.214 3.00 Mandangada M.Raghu 1
8 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161,162 0.810 2.00 Kademada Sannu 1
9 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- Ponnampet Kongana 161,162 0.810 2.00 Kademada K Appaiah 1
10 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161,162 1.215 3.00 Kademada N
Bheemaiah
1
11 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161,162 1.215 3.00 Kademada N Biddappa 1
Sl.
No
Forest Block Details. Detals of Encroached/unauthorisedly occupied land. Remar
ks.
DETAILS OF ENCROACHMENT IN PAISARY LAND
Annexure - XLX (c )
Details of Encroachment of Paisari lands in Virajpet division
475
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
12 Kongana 161,162 1.215 3.00 Kademada Sari 1
13 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161,162 1.215 3.00 Namera lathesh 1
14 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161,162 0.810 2.00 Namera N.Chinnappa 1
15 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161,162 0.810 2.00 Namera B.Naveen 1
16 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161,162 1.215 3.00 Namera N.Nanjappa 1
17 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Begoor 175/1 1.215 3.00 C.A.Aiyanna 5
18 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- Hudikeri Kongana 161, 162 1.215 3.00 Namera N.Kariappa 1
19 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- Hudikeri Kongana 161, 162 0.810 2.00 Namera S Bheemaiah 1
20 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- Balele Kongana 161, 162 0.810 2.00 Namera G Dada 1
21 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Kongana 161, 162 0.810 2.00 Kademada M Ramesh 1
22 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Hysodlur 1/1 0.810 2.00 Changulanda Poovaiah 1
23 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Begoor 175/1 1.21 3.00 Matranda Nachappa 1
24 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Begoor 175/1 1.21 3.00 Matranda Uthappa 1
25 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- .-"- Begoor 175/1 1.21 3.00 M.B.Aiyappa 1
26 .-"- - - .-"- .-"- Ponnampet Kongana 161, 162 1.21 3.00 Thithimada N.Biddappa 1
TOTAL: 24.067 59.50
306 Cases 1706.72 Acres
26 Cases 59.50 Acres.
332 Cases 1766.22 Acres.TOTAL:
Abstract
Total No.of Cases in
Notified forest
Total No.of Cases in
Paisary Land
476
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore I
Working Plan of Virajpet Forest Division
Executive summery
1.1.1 Name - This working plan deals with the areas falling under the territorial jurisdiction
of Virajpet forest division consisting of Virajpet, Thithimathi, Ponnampet, Makut and
Mundrote ranges in Kodagu district. Besides reserved forest areas, the plan also deals with
the areas falling under the categories of Paisari, Devarakadus, Jammamalais etc.
1.1.2 Area - Virajpet forest division was formed by shifting the post of wildlife division,
Mysore vide Government Order No: AHFF/83/FNG/92 Bangalore dated: 8/5/92 by carving
out certain areas from the old Madikeri division and old Hunsur division as they existed
before 1992.The division is bounded on the north by Madikeri forest division and
Talacauvery wildlife sanctuary, on the south by Kerala State, on the east by Hunsur wildlife
division and on the west by Kerala State and Madikeri forest division. The total length of the
forest boundary is 350 kms of which 72 kms constitute inter-state boundary between
Karnataka and Kerala along the southern and western sides of Virajpet division.The total
geographical area of the division is 1410.48 sq. kms. Out of this, the notified forest is about
23%.
1.1.3 Situation -The boundary of the division lies between latitudes 11o
55' to 12o
20' north
and between longitudes 75o 25' to 76
o 05' east of Greenwich.
1.1.4 Topography and altitude - The tract has mountainous configuration with rivers,
valleys, ravines, spurs etc. The tract becomes undulating and plains towards the east, while
towards the west, it attains great heights with precipitous slopes. The general elevation of the
tract varies from 100 m to 1745 m. The highest peak of Kodagu district, Tadiandmol, with an
elevation of 1745 m. is situated in this tract.
1.1.5 Rock & Soil - The underlying rock is the peninsular gneiss in the various stages of
disintegration. The peninsular gneiss consists of granite gneiss and banded gneiss. At many
places granites are exposed as massive and rounded boulders or can be seen as outcrop. The
availability of economically important minerals in the region is poor. In the eastern part,
especially in the Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests, soils are clayey loam and deep.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore II
But in the western and southwest parts soil is laterite, lateritic bright red or yellow in colour.
In some patches, they are loamy but having a sandy top layer.
1.2 CLIMATIC PARAMETERS
1.2.1 Climate - The climate of the region may be broadly termed as tropical except at the
higher reaches of the hills where it is montane sub-tropical.
1.2.2 Rainfall - There is wide variation of rainfall in the western and eastern parts. It
decreases from west to east. In the western part, Makut and Mundrote receive rainfall of
about 5290 mm while in the eastern part, Thithimathi receives about 1000 mm rainfall.
Eighty percent of the rainfall is received during the period of southwest monsoon. Average
rainfall from 11 years data analysis is found to be 2273 mm in the division.
1.2.3 Temperature - Temperature also varies considerably from top of the hills to the
foothills. The mean maximum and mean minimum temperature is 28.6oC and 12.0
oC
respectively.
1.2.4 Humidity- In general air remains quite humid all through the year, particularly in rainy
season. Fog is also quite common in the region except during the period from March to May.
1.2.5 Winds - The winds are generally light to moderate and sometimes become severe
during the southwest monsoon.
1.3 WATER SUPPLY.
Major portion of the division drains eastwards into the Cauvery and Laxmanthirtha
rivers, which ultimately join the Bay of Bengal. As the area is situated in the Western Ghats
that receive heavy to very heavy rainfall, there are several rivulets and streams of seasonal or
perennial nature transecting the area and later joining the tributaries of the main rivers.
Barapole is the only important river that flows towards the west and joins the Arabian Sea.
1.4 DISTRIBUTION AND AREA.
1.4.1 - In the old Coorg district, various areas had been reserved from time to time in the past
under the provisions of Indian Forest Act, 1878 as per the orders of the Chief Commissioner
of Coorg. The reserved forests were under the absolute control of Forest department for all
purposes. The areas outside the reserved forests were burdened with numerous rights and
concessions for the local people for their day-to-day needs. This unrestricted access had made
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore III
the areas badly degraded. The Government by its order dated 8/5/78 had transferred Paisari
and C and D class lands to the Forest department from the Revenue department for their
management. Besides, certain other categories of Government lands like Devarakadu also
have been transferred to Forest department. There are four reserved forests in the division
namely Padinalknad RF, Kerti RF, Mavukal RF and Devamachi RF with a total extent of
30348.237 ha.
1.4.2 In addition to the reserved forests, 491.889 ha of land has been notified under section-4.
Virajpet division consists of 120 villages of Virajpet taluk and 13 villages of
Madikeri taluk. Most of the forest and non-forest government lands, which are with the
Forest department, have already been updated in the revenue records. Parts of Paisari and C
and D lands have already been notified as reserved forests or under section 4 of Karnataka
Forest Act 1963. Some of these Devarakadus, Paisari lands and C and D lands were already
encroached at the time of transfer of these lands. The remaining available area of these non-
forest government lands is under different stages of survey, demarcation and settlement.
There is no cases of diversion of forests in the division. So far 292.685 acres of forest
land rights have been given to 237 families in the division covering Thithimathi and Makut
ranges under Forest Right Act.
1.5 SURVEY POSITION.
1.5.1 - All the Reserved forests in the division have been surveyed in the past. In order to
check the present boundary status, survey and demarcation of all the reserved forests of the
division have to be done during this working plan period. There is a necessity to survey and
demarcate devarakadus and Sec – 4 notified areas of the division. The compartment
boundaries of the reserved forests have to be surveyed and demarcated again on the ground
during the plan period.
1.6 WORKING PLAN POSITION.
1.6.1 - Mr. Ajay Misra wrote the working of newly created Virajpet division for the period
from 2001-02 to 2010-2011. After the expiry of Ajay Misra‟s plan on 31st March-2011, a
working scheme was submitted for the year 2012-13 and it was approved by the Central
Government. There was no sanctioned plan for the period from 2011-12 to 2013-14. During
this period no logging operations were carried out in the division and only limited extent of
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore IV
afforestation activities were taken up depending on the available fund. The present plan has
been prepared for the period 2014-15 to 2023-24.
1.7 - LEGAL POSITION.
Lands have been classified in the division as per the land tenure system prevalent in
the erstwhile Coorg State. The reserve forests as notified under Section 19 of Indian Forest
Act, 1878 fall under the absolute administrative control of Forest department. The other land
tenures include Jammamalais, Coffeemalais, Devarakadus, Paisari, Uruduve, Sagu,
Genimalai etc.
In the past it has been observed that Genimalais have been mismanaged and badly
damaged by the lessees. These leases expired in 1975. Subsequently, the leases were not
renewed and the areas were resumed back.
1.8 RIGHTS - The rights and concessions in the reserved forests are those as settled during
the time of notification of the areas under Section 19 of Indian Forest Act, 1878. Right of
way is the common right as admitted at different places in the reserved forests. The people
living in the enclosures enjoy their rights without any problem.
1.9 - COMMITMENTS.
An extent of 521.76 ha and 2.83 ha.of forest lands in Kerti and Urti reserved forest
were leased to M/s Portland Rubber Co. Ltd., on 6/10/1913 for 999 years starting from 1911-
12 for Rubber cultivation by then Chief Commissioner of Coorg. Subsequently in the year
1940 the period of the lease was reduced from 999 years to 99 years vide gazette notification
no. 28(1) 38 dt. 15/6/40 by the Chief Commissioner of Coorg. The state government vide
order No: FEE-192/FLL-2008, Bangalore dated: 19.12.2012 ordered to restrict the lease
period as 99 years in respect of the private rubber companies in Kodagu district.
2.1 - COMPOSITION AND CONDITION OF CROP.
2.1.1 - Because of marked variation in rainfall, altitude, aspect, slope and intensity of biotic
interference, wide range of forests can be seen in the division. Past management practices
coupled with other biotic factors have changed the status of vegetation at many places.
Mostly good forests are confined to the eastern and western slopes of the Ghats.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore V
The tropical evergreen forests confined to the Ghats have luxuriant vegetation
forming several strata with very tall trees often with buttressed stems. In top story important
species like Artocarpushirsute, Veteriaindica, Canariumstrictum, Hardwickiapinnata,
Dipterocarpusindicusetc., are found. The middle story consists of Chrysophyllumroxburghii,
Vitexaltissima, Hydnocarpuswightiana, Diospyrosnilagiricaetc., the under storey consists of
Limoniaacidissima, Macarangapeltata, Memecylanedule, Allophylluscobbeetc.,
Besides the above species of Canes and Reeds are found.
The mixed deciduous forests, which are found in Thithimathi range, comprise of
species that remain leafless during December to June and are seen around the fringe openings
of lower slopes and in plains.
Bambusa bamboos and Dendrocalamusstrictus occur as an under storey and the
former is more common.
2.1.2 - Condition of the Crop.
As these forests have been worked in the past, the reasons like faulty management
practices, fire, grazing, erosion etc. have caused changes in different degrees at various
places. In Thithimathi, in addition to the problems of fire, grazing and other biotic factors, the
invasion of weeds like Lantana and Eupatorium in forests, has made it difficult for
regeneration to come up.
2.1.3 - Forest types:
The forests of the division are tropical moist and dry types. Following are the main
types of forests found in the division:
1. Moist Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests (IA/C3) :–
It is confined to the Ghats and the vegetation forms several strata with very tall
trees. These forests in most of the areas appear to be climatic climax and are found
mainly in the Kerti and Padinalknad reserved forests.
2. Moist Tropical Semi-evergreen Forests (I/2A): –
It is an intermediate type between the Tropical evergreen and Tropical moist
deciduous forest types.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore VI
3. Moist Deciduous Forests (3B/C2): –
This type of forest is seen around the fringes, opening of lower slopes and in
plains, mainly in the Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests.
4. Dry Deciduous Forests (5A/C3): –
These types of forests are found in the degraded portions of Devamachi and
Mavkal reserved forests.
2.1.4 - Grass lands.
In Mundrote and Makut ranges, these grasslands are seen on top of the ridges and
these continue to exist because of annual fires. These can be classified as high rainfall
grasslands, normally at an altitude above 750 m, and low rainfall grasslands, usually at an
altitude below 750 m.
2.1.5 - Swamps:
These are commonly called ‘Hadlus’ in the local language. These are swampy flat
lands, which exist at different places in varying extents.
The forests in the Padinalknad Reserved forest and Kerti Reserved forest can be
broadly classified under the category of evergreen and semi evergreen type.
2.1.6 - Fauna:
Variety of fauna is found in Virajpet division. Rugged terrain, dense forests,
lushgreen valleys and perennial water streams flowing across the area offer ideal habitat for
wide range of mammals, reptiles, fishes, amphibians, birds and insects. But increasing human
population and consequent shrinkage and degradation of the habitat have had adverse impact
on wildlife.
3.1 - INJURIES TO WHICH THE CROP IS LIABLE.
The most common forms of injuries to the crop in these forests are due to smuggling,
fire, wild animals, insects, climbers, grazing, parasites and epiphytes.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore VII
UTLISATION OF THE PRODUCE.
3.1.1 - Demand for various forest produce from forest areas for local consumption is less
except in and around Devamachi and Mavkal reserved forests where some tribal people live.
The tribals meet their bonafide needs locally from the surrounding forests. In the private
areas under plantation crops, sufficient firewood and timber is produced to meet the local
needs.
Grazing is one of the essential needs of the local agriculturist population for their
cattle. Stall feeding is not practiced much in the locality.
3.2 - MARKETABLE PRODUCE.
3.2.1 - Some of the marketable forest products in the division are Timber, Firewood,
Bamboos, Canes and Reeds and Non-timber Forest Produce.
3.3 - MARKETS AND LINES OF EXPORT.
The major depots of the division are Thithimathi and Vatekolli. The salvaged material
from dead and fallen trees or teak poles (if plantation thinnings are carried out), are brought
to these depots and auction sold. The main markets are Calicut in Kerala, and Hunsur,
Mysore and even Bangalore in Karnataka.
3.4 - METHODS OF EXPLOITATION.
Extraction is done by departmentally or KSFIC. Only dead and fallen trees are
extracted. For extraction combination of axe and saws is used. For conversion, only saws are
used. Even billets and firewood are sized by saws. All the logs are taken in the round form by
cutting at either end by crosscut saws.
4.1- ACTIVITIES OF KARNATAKA FOREST DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
In Virajpet division, the services of Karnataka State Forest Industry Corporation
(KSFIC) are taken in thinning of teak plantations and in logging activity in natural forest for
extraction of deed and fallen trees.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore VIII
4.1.1 - Socio - Economic Situation:-
The other important requirements of the local people are bamboo, timber for house
construction, small timber for agricultural implements and NTFP like honey, tree moss,
cashew, Gulmavu bark, Nellikai, Dhupa seeds etc. The bamboo is used for construction of
dwelling houses by the poor and also used for making baskets, furniture and other bamboo
crafts. NTFPs collection is normally being done by LAMPS (Large Area Multi Purpose
Society) through its members who are tribals. Virajpet is well known for timber trade
specially teak. Tithimati teak is noted for its quality and durability. There are 10 sawmills in
Virajpet division.
4.1.2 - JFPM Programme And Forest Resource Management:-
Under F.D.A., 19 EDCs (Devarkadu Thakka MukyastharaVedike) were formed.
These were formed primarily to protect and manage Devarakadus. As per the guidelines, 6
Village Forest Committees (VFCs) have been formed under KSFMBC in order to rehabilitate
degraded forests having less than 0.25 density with the active involvement and participation
of local community. Total 1830 hectares of forest areas having plantations are being
managed under JFPM programme in Virajpet division. Under this programme, both
afforestation and entry point activities have been taken up. In some VFCs, Income
Generating Activities (IGA) are taken up through Self Help Groups (SHGs).
5.1 - FIVE YEAR PLANS.
During Tenth & Eleventh FYPs, the division raised about 3962.00ha plantations in
forest land and other public land. During the same period, 6.23 lakhs seedlings were
distributed for planting on private land.
5.1.1 - Suggestion for future forestry activities: For fulfilling the objectives of the FYPs
and keeping in mind the conditions of the natural forests, the following measures are
suggested to be taken up during the plan period :
1. Consolidation of forest areas;
2. Strengthening of infrastructure and capacity building of man power for protection of
forests;
3. Strengthening of JFPM programme;
4. Adequate protection and management of flowered bamboo areas to revive expected
regeneration;
5. Improvement of wildlife habitat;
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore IX
6. Strategy for reducing man-animal conflict specially in elephant movement areas;
7. Farm forestry to increase tree cover with special measures to suggest alternative crops
in human-elephant conflict zone;
8. Regeneration of natural species including sandalwood, bamboo and medicinal plants;
9. Control of invasive weeds like Lantana and Eupatorium and
10. Suitable SMC works as per site specific plan in watershed concept.
6.1 - STAFF AND LABOUR SUPPLY
The optimum strength and quality of staff have direct bearing on the effective and
efficient working of a forest division.
6.1.1 Staff position:
Virajpet forest division is having sanctioned posts 171 out of which presently 85 posts
have been filled up.
6.1.2- LabourForce & Wage rates.
Though the local people including the tribals are available for certain works and in
some of the seasons, to overcome labour shortage, especially in respect of skilled labour,
workers are brought from adjoining areas of Kerala State or Mysore district. At present,
there are 23 muster rolls daily wage workers in the division. As per the recent revised
SSRs, the per day wage rates for skilled labour, semi-skilled labour and unskilled labour are
Rs.289.04, Rs.269.04 and Rs.259.04respectively.
7.1 - PAST SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT
History of scientific management of the forests of Coorg province dates back to 1865
when the Forest conservancy department was organized in the province, which was a part of
British India. Soon after the constitution of reserved forests, plans were prepared for their
scientific and systematic management. The first working plan of the deciduous forests of
Devamachi and Mavkal was prepared in 1894. During 1916 Tireman prepared the first
working plan for the Ghat forests in and around Makut.
7.1.1 - Virajpet division was created in 1992 by carving out portions of old Madikeri and old
Hunsur divisions. There is no working plan prepared exclusively for Virajpet division. The
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore X
working plan of old Madikeri division was written by Mr. A. Akbar Shah IFS and that of old
Hunsur division was written by Mr. U.T. Alva IFS. Akbar Shah‟s plan (1987-96) expired in
1996. Although Alva‟s plan was still in currency (1978-79 – 2002-03), in view of the re-
organization of areas and changed circumstances its revision has been necessitated. In view
of the reorganization of areas and also because of the fact that the situation prevailing prior to
1978 when Alva‟s plan was written had considerably changed, it was decided to write a plan
covering the newly created Virajpet forest division and the first Working Plan of the division
was written by Shri AjaiMisra for the period 2001-02 to 2010-11. AjaiMisra‟s working plan
prescribed the following working circles: to achieve the objects in view and to exploit the
forests without endangering their character, and also to improve their present condition.
1. Protection working circle,
2. Improvement working circle,
3. Teak plantation working circle,
4. Bamboo overlapping working circle,
5. Sandal wood overlapping working circle,
6. Minor Forest Produce working circle, and
7. Miscellaneous regulations (JFPM working circle)
7.1.2 - Review of implementation of Working Plan of Virajpet Division written by shri
Ajay Misra
7.2 – Protection Working Circle :
Makut and Mundrote Ranges of this Division comes under this working circle comprising of
25248.11 Ha area.
Progress of Treatment: Regeneration works like gap planting, Seed sowing,
Plantings of canes and bamboos has been taken up. Total 2557.50 Ha gap plantations were
taken up. No logging including removal of dead and fallen trees was carried out during the
plan period. No enclosures within the Reserved Forest were surveyed and demarcated.
7.3 - Improvement working circle: This working circle consists of forest areas of
Devamachi and Mavukal reserve forests and surrounding paisary lands. The total area under
this working circle is 4777.59 ha.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XI
7.3.1 - Implementation of the prescriptions: Salvaging of dead and fallen trees was carried
out during 2001-02, 2002-03 and from 2006-07 to 2009-10 depending on the availability of
funds.
Improvement and regeneration operations: In the area salvaged during 2001-02,
regeneration operations in the form of gap planting was carried out over 47.35 ha under DDF
scheme during 2005-06. The delay was due to late release of funds. Subsequently,
improvement operations have been taken up in the areas allotted to the Working Circle. Total
extent of 924.85 ha plantations was done during the plan period.
7.4 - Teak Plantation Management Working Circle: This working circle consists
of the forest areas in the Devamachi & Mavukal SF which are under teak plantations. The
total area of this working circle is 2309.04 ha. Under this working circle 68 teak plantations
covering 1611.83 Ha were scheduled for thinning during the entire plan period.
Thinning/extractions: While thinning schedules have been prescribed by the plan, no
thinnings have been carried out in the division during the currency of the plan period. The
reasons attributed for not carrying out of thinnings include:
Late approval received for the working plan: The plan period is 2001-2002 with the
approval given on 16/10/2001. However, thinning schedule is given from 2000-01.
Suspension of the Working plan by the GOI during 2002-03: The working plans of
Karnataka were suspended by GOI on 11/10/2002 and revoked on 4th
March, 2003, vide
Letter No. F.No.9-16-20002(ROHQ)
Actual number. of trees in few the plantations were less than the no of stems to be
retained after thinning. Damage due to elephant movement is also common in the area.
Consequently, only elephant damaged trees were removed.
7.5 - Bamboo Overlapping Working Circle: This over lapping working circle
consists of forest areas of the Devamachi & Mavukal forests. The total area under this
category in these forests is 4777.59 ha.
Progress of implementation: During the plan period so far, bamboo areas have not been
worked at all, except removals of bamboo for meeting the demand for retail supply to
medars, as ordered by the Conservator of Forests.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XII
7.6 - Sandalwood overlapping working circle: This working circle consists of the
entire geographical area of the division. The total area under this working circle is 1410.48 sq
km.
Implementation of prescriptions:
7.6.1 - Extraction: No specific extraction operations have been carried out in case of sandal
wood. However, extraction of illicitly cut stumps etc along with Forest Offence cases has
been done. Total 377.30 Kg sandalwood from 10 FOC cases were transported and handed
over to the Sandal Kote, Mysore
7.7 - Minor forest produce overlapping working circle: This working circle
consists of all the forests and non-forest government lands coming under territorial
jurisdiction of Virajpet forest division. The total area under this working circle is 80815.95
ha. During the plan period the LAMPS received 224.08 lakhs revenue from the collection of
NTFP from the division.
MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS
7.8 JFPM activities :
Under Forest Development Agency, 19 EDC‟s are formed in this Division. An extent of
398.68 Ha plantations have been raised in JFPM area. Substantial Entry Point Activities were
also done in the VFC villages.
A brief account of work done from 2011-12 to 2013-14 after the expiry of the
Working Plan on 31.03.2011 is given in tabular form below. During this period no salvaging
works were carried out.
Year
Elephant barrier Plantations
raised (in ha)
Seedlings distributed (in lakhs)
EPT (in Kms) Solar Fence (in Kms)
Excavation Maintenance New
installation Maintenance
2011-12 1.2 13.45 7.5 3.924 194 0.503
2012-13 1.5 22.76 - 34.24 263 1.989
2013-14 2.16 29 3.55 8 816 2.57
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XIII
8.1 INVENTORY RESULT OF NATURAL FOREST
To assess the growing stock and condition of forests, inventory with the sampling
intensity of 0.01 % and 0.1% was designed for natural forests grouped under protection
working circle and improvement working circle respectively. The distribution of important
trees in various diameter classes and corresponding figures of per ha. number of trees, basal
area and volume for different forests have been calculated. The obverse J curve drawn from
this data does not show the normal distribution of trees in the various diameter classes. Most
of the trees found are in the lower diameter classes are of thorny jungle species.
The present regeneration status of the forest clearly shows that the regeneration in
most of the areas for important species is inadequate. This shows that there is an immediate
need to take up necessary improvement measures to bring back the regeneration status to
normalcy. As per the inventory results, the density classes found were 0.4 to 0.6 and 0.68 to
0.8 in Maukal and Devamachi Reserved Forests respectively and 0.8 to 1.0in Kerti and
Padinalkadnad Reserved Forests. However, natural regeneration is scanty to nil and rarely
adequate.
8.1.1 Inventory results in Devarakadus (Protected Forests) :
Growing stock inventory was also done in Devarakadus also situated in 42 villages in
48 locations with total extent of 575.54 ha (37% area) covering Virajpet, Ponnampet and
Thithimathi ranges. The distribution of important trees in various diameter classes and
corresponding figures of per ha number of trees, basal area and volume for different forests
have been calculated. The main reason for low basal area in all the forests is due to heavy
biotic pressure in these forests. Density varies from 0.26-0.40 to 0.6-0.8. Natural regeneration
is inadequate.
8.1.2 - Inventory results of bamboo:-
During the inventory assessment was also made about the availability of Bamboo in
the division. Most of the bamboos found in the division are in Maukal RF and in Devamachi
RF. The dominant species is Bambusa bamboos. Availability of small bamboo in the division
is limited. Assessment of bamboo was done in respect of various categories like green, green
damaged, dry and dry damaged bamboos. The quantity of big bamboo equivalent to green
sound bamboo per hectare available in Maukal RF was approximately 2565 (tonnes) In case
of DevamachiRF, the approximate quantities of big bamboo equivalent to green sound
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XIV
bamboo in tonnes were found to be about 9550 (tonnes). Due to recent gregarious flowering
in all the bamboo areas, the availability of green bamboo is rare and even the extraction of
dry bamboo is found to be not economical.
8.1.3 - Inventory results of teak plantations
In case of Teak plantations inventory was done and parameters like basal area, mean
height, volume/ha, number of trees/ha and mean annual increment in volume were assessed.
FUTURE MANAGEMENT DISCUSSED AND PRESCRIBED.
9.1 - Objects of Management.
The present plan has been prepared with the following main objectives of forest
management.
1. To maintain environmental stability and ecological balance and to enhance ecosystem
services by protecting, preserving and enriching the existing natural forests;
2. To ensure maximum protection of soil and moisture to maintain the forest cover in
good condition;
3. To maintain and improve the plantations to ensure long term sustainability of forest
production;
4. To rehabilitate and increase the economic value and utility of the degraded forests;
5. Consistent with the above objectives, to ensure sustainable use of forests to meet the
needs of the people, especially the rural and tribal people, living in the vicinity of
forests;
6. To ensure people‟s participation and involvement in all round protection and
development of forests;
7. To manage the forest land through watershed approach for enhancing ground water
recharge and for improvement and regulation of hydrological regime;
8. To improve wildlife habitat and to reduce man-animal conflict and
9. To increase green cover in the division so as to mitigate the problems of global
warming and climate change by progressively increasing the growing stock and
carbon sequestration potential.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XV
9.2 - Constitution of Working Circles.
In order to prescribe appropriate treatment to different forest areas of the division in
conformity with silvicultural principles and the management objectives, seven working
circles are formed:
1. PROTECTION WORKING CIRCLE: This working circle consists of evergreen and
semi evergreen areas falling in the Makut and Mundrote ranges. The total area under this
working circle is 26291.342 ha.
PROPOSED TREATMENT.
1. No logging including removal of dead and fallen trees will be carried out in the forest
areas under this working circle.
2. No regeneration activities & SMC works will be carried out.
3. No tending, climber-cutting operations will be carried out.
4. No NTFP will be collected from the forest of this working circle with the exception of
provisions under Forest Right Act.
5. Strict fire prevention measures will be taken so as to avoid burning of forests.
6. Other protection measures like anti-smuggling camp/ anti-poaching camps, wireless
network etc. in the area is to be strengthened to ensure effective control over
smuggling/poaching activities.
7. The Reserved Forests boundaries will be fully demarcated on the ground with permanent
cairns or concrete pillars to prevent encroachment.
2. IMPROVEMENT WORKING CIRCLE: This working circle consists of moist and
dry deciduous forests of Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests of Thithimathi range
excluding the teak plantations. It also includes small portion of paisari lands, which are
adjoining to these forests. The total area under this working circle is 4864.792 ha.
Analysis of the inventory data pertaining to these forests has indicated poor growing
stock, lower basal area and unsatisfactory regeneration status.
9.3 – Division of area and cycle salvage logging
For the purpose of salvage logging, Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests of
Thithimathi range have been included in the proposed Thithimathi felling series. This
improvement series is divided into ten blocks as marked in the 1: 50,000 topo sheet map.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XVI
Each of these blocks is taken as annual coupe. Rotation cycle in the improvement series is
ten years.
9.4 – Improvement Operation
The block area (excluding Teak plantation), that is taken as a coupe, after the removal
of dead and fallen material, will be taken up for improvement operations.
As the forest is more degraded, the improvement operations will also include raising
of plantations wherever required. On an average 100 ha gap planting under Supplemental
planting model will be done every year in the improvement block. About ten SMC trenches
of size 5m x 1m x 1m should be dug per ha. Under this model, gap planting upto 400
plants/ha including about 50 plants with local suitable species on mounds of SMC trenches
will be planted. Selection of species should be done to suit the local requirement. More
emphasis also should be given for planting rare, endangered and threatened species (RET
species) depending upon the locality. Rigid protection of the treatment area from fire is a
must. All the re-clearing and fire tracing work should be completed by the end of December.
9.5 – Calculation of Yield.
The dead and fallen material will be identified only on the basis of its actual
availability and it will be classified as timber or firewood as per the existing norms and it will
be salvaged strictly as per the rules for marking and salvaging given in this circle. The yield
has not been fixed as such but only will be incidental to the improvement operations.
Approximately 6612 cum timber may be available due to salvaging operations. The estimated
revenue will be approximately Rs. 1193 lakhs while estimated cost of extraction and
regeneration works will be about Rs.1055.65 lakhs during the plan period.
10.1 - Teak plantation management working circle: This working circle consists of older
teak plantations area in the Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests. Total extent of this
working circle is 2309.04 ha. These forests fall under the category of teak forests (C1B) and
site quality is mostly III and IV. In order to fix the exploitable girth limit for other species
M.R.S Pearson‟s record for Kalinadhi high forests has been taken as the guide. In general it is
observed that the growth rate reduces with the age of the crop.
If we take into account the concept of silvicultural rotation for the scientific
management of forests, the rotation of 120 years appears to be correct. This rotation is also
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XVII
nearer to the silvicultural rotation of teak in natural forests. Hence it is proposed to fix the
rotation of Teak at 120 years.
10.2 -Thinning.
In the past, thinnings were prescribed in the teak plantations by taking into account
the average site quality class of the area. The following thinning resime as recommended in
earlier plans has been recommended in this plan also.
1. First mechanical cum silvicultural thinning at the 6th
year by retaining about
1300 – 1400 trees by marking the stems silviculturally in the alternative diagonals.
2. Second mechanical cum silvicultural thinning at the12th
year by retaining about
700 – 800 trees by marking the stems silviculturally in the alternate lines.
3. First silviculture thinning at the 18th
year (leaving about 500 to 600 trees/ha).
4. Second silviculture thinning at the 30th
year (leaving about 400 trees/ha).
5. Third silvicultural thinning at the 50th
year (leaving about 250 to 300 trees/ha).
6. An elite thinning at the age of 80th
year (leaving about 150 trees/ha)
7. Elephant damaged teak trees will be extracted every year.
Importance is given to retain a definite number of stems after the thinnings. While
marking, care should be taken so that the prescribed number of sound and well growing stems
that are to be retained are distributed evenly over the plantation area.
During the entire plan period thinning of 18 Teak plantations (399.52 ha.) has been
prescribed. The estimated revenue and estimated expenditure will be Rs. 172.23 Lakhs and
Rs. 72.68 Lakhs respectively.
To avoid any confusion over the plantation boundary and its extent it is necessary to
affix/erect boards at the prominent places around these plantations. This work has to be
completed during the year 2016-17.
3. BAMBOO OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE: This working circle consists of
moist and dry deciduous areas of Thithimathi range. It also includes a small portion of
Paisari lands that are surrounding to these forests and have similar vegetation. The total
area of this working circle is 4864.792 ha. The main species is Bambusa bamboos and is
mostly found as an associate species in the moist deciduous forests of the region.
Dendrocalamusstrictusis also found as undergrowth here and there.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XVIII
The main objective of management of the working circle is establishment of good
natural regeneration of bamboo and consolidation of the bamboo forests of the division. This
will lead to habitat improvement for wildlife mainly wild elephants and also will ensure
sustained supply of bamboo to various users like local artisans and medars consistent with the
principles of sustained use of forests. The strategy to achieve the above objectives is by strict
protection of the area for 10 years till the new crop attains harvestable stage.
10.3 – Method of Treatment
In view of the peculiar situation of gregarious flowering of big bamboos that has
taken place in the forests of the division, the prescriptions given for the management of a
normal bamboo growing forest will not apply till a new crop regenerates, establishes. Even
after establishment of regeneration, the bamboo forests will need to be protected from fire and grazing
on a continuous basis. If adequate protection is provided to the bamboo growing areas of the division,
it is expected that regular harvest of bamboo can start from 2025-2026.
10.4 - Regeneration
Since gregarious flowering has taken place recently in all the bamboo areas the
following activities have been prescribed for regeneration during the plan period.
1) The area will be strictly protected from fire and grazing by engaging adequate
numbers of watchers and by involving local community.
2) In areas where natural bamboo regeneration is insufficient, limited extent of planting
(20 ha. to 25 ha.) may be done preferably mixing with other potential bamboo species
like Burma bamboo, Bamboosa tulda etc. This will aid in species diversity in the
forest.
3) Soil working around the clumps in about 100 ha. per year will be done covering at
least 50 clumps per ha. This activity is suggested to be done from the year 2018-19 on
onwards.
Approximate yield of green sound culm over two seasons is estimated to be 1696 tonnes
and approximate yield of dry bamboo is estimated to be 5928 tonnes. The estimated cost for
regeneration and for protection is 224.19 lakhs during the plan period.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XIX
4. WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE
The total area of the working circle is 33465.184 ha comprising of Reserved Forests
and government land transferred to forest department.
In view of the proximity with the wildlife protected areas, it is necessary to ensure
that all forestry operations are carried out in these forest areas in such a manner as to
contribute to the improvement of the natural habitat conducive to wildlife preservation. The
invasive weeds like Lantana, Eupatorium etc which do not form part of elephant food
should be eradicated. Indigenous species that are preferred by the elephants should be
planted. Steps should be taken to augment and conserve the water resource. De-silting and
deepening of tanks should be undertaken.
The measures like permanent elephant anti depredation camps, regular maintenance
of elephant proof trenches/solar fence in the vulnerable areas are necessary to reduce man-
animal conflict. Prompt and timely payment of ex-gratia will help in earning goodwill
amongst the local people who in turn would participate in conservation and preservation of
wildlife.
Master plan for mitigating human elephant conflict has to be prepared in the division
to cover the entire wildlife conflict boundary with suitable barriers and special structures. The
digging of EPT may be continued till the entire stretch human elephant conflict zone is
covered. This EPT has to be maintained periodically at least every 3rd
year to make it
effective.
5. NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCE OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE: This
working circle consists of all the reserved forests. The total area under this working
circle 6466.429 ha.
Though several NTFP are available in these forests all of them cannot be permitted
for exploitation. The species which are either ecologically endangered or have endemic
distribution also need to be protected from any exploitation. The important NTFP available in
the division are honey, seegekai, tree moss, nellikai etc.
With the coming of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers
(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 and the distribution of “Community rights”
generally covering the right to collect NTFP in forest areas. It is important that items of
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XX
NTFP that are being collected are listed and appropriate prescriptions are made in this regard
for sustainability of the forest. As such regulatory prescriptions have been made in the
removal of certain important NTFP species. To avoid overexploitation and to use, NTFP has
to be removed in such a manner at such rate that does not lead to the long time decline of
biological diversity.
There will be no NTFP collection in the areas under protection working circle with
the exception of provisions under FRA.
10.5 Method of Sale
Tribals living in and around the forests will be allowed to collect, store and sale of
NTFP under individual and community rights as provisions made in the Scheduled Tribes
and other forest dwellers (recognition of forest rights) Act, 2006 and rules 2008 and 2012. As
per the prevailing Government order, collection and disposal of NTFPs is also to be through
the Large Area Multipurpose Society (LAMPS), Thithimathi. There is need for the Society to
improve the storage and transport facility and to diversify its activities by taking processing
and value addition of various raw materials. The LAMP Society has to comply all the
conditions cited in the prevailing government order.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XXI
MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS
11.1 - Forest lands consolidation and Management
11.2 - Suggested Management Approach
Following strategies are suggested for effective consolidation and management of these forest
lands.
Survey and demarcation immediately on a war footing. This should be done on the
basis of revenue land record system;
Survey and maintenance of every 10 years is suggested. Permanent cairns or concrete
pillars should be fixed along the boundaries of forest.
Immediate action to get the tenure status appropriately depicted in the revenue
records. It is necessary to integrate the forest tenurial status in Bhoomi database. The
Revenue Department should be moved to issue separate „Khatas‟ in case of forest
lands. Such a move will enable locking the tenure status of forest lands in the
„Bhoomi‟ Master databases, preventing any malpractice of granting of forest lands by
the Revenue Department.
In several forests, some survey numbers are partly included in the forest area. In such
areas „phodi‟ of the forest lands should be done to clearly reflect the boundaries of the
forest land on the revenue maps. Since this work of survey of Government lands has
been taken up by the Commissioner, Survey Settlement and Land Records,
opportunity should be taken to discuss with Commissioner, to get the „phodi‟ of the
forest land survey numbers done immediately.
Maps clearly showing the boundary of the forest lands on the revenue map should be
provided to the frontline staff to enable understanding of the boundaries.
Considering the „real estate‟ value of these lands and consequent possibilities of
encroachment, it is important to provide physical barriers (such as walls etc) to
demarcate the forest boundaries at least in respect of forests located in the peri-urban
areas in other areas also erection of permanent boundary pillars should be fixed. It is
necessary to consolidate devarakadus by digging CPT.
Lack of appropriate signage is a distinct feature along the boundaries of most of the
forest areas. The provisions of the Forest Manual and Forest Code in this regard have
been given complete go by, swept away by the juggernaut of implementation of
externally aided forestry projects. Provision of appropriate signage at every entrance
to the forest is the first step towards providing awareness and consequently deterrence
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XXII
of intrusion into forest lands. The sign boards should show the details of notification,
extent, rough boundary sketch and other important features.
Proper maintenance of records in respect of notified forest lands needs priority. The
existing mechanisms of office inspection by the superior officers, which are expected
to provide appropriate checks and balances should be emphasized to keep the records
updated.
While most of the above suggestions hold true in case of Section 4 notified areas too,
certain specific suggestions are considered in order:
o Need for resurvey of some of the areas, as the maps drawn up during the initial
survey and preparation of draft notification, do not correspond to the village
maps and do not help in correctly locating the boundaries of the lands. The
quality of the draft boundary notifications in terms of their ability to be
translated into closing polygons on village maps is poor in most of the cases.
This is essentially due to lack of proper referencing of boundary description
vis-à-vis permanent land marks such as geographical features, village survey
numbers. Etc. There is need for a serious relook on this.
o Need for recorrection or reissue of the draft notification correcting anomalies
in some of the areas, regarding the village survey numbers and/or extents of
the area notified.
o Hastening the process of settlement through constant interaction with the
Revenue Officials. Unless this is monitored on a continuous basis by all the
implementing and supervising officers, progress in settlement is likely to be
nil.
Section 4 proposed areas: There is also a category of lands which have been
proposed for notification under section 4. In respect of such lands, the following
approach is suggested:
o Resurvey of the areas and preparation of fresh maps on revenue village basis
indicating the actual status;
o Notification of the same;
o Pursuance of the settlement process;
o Physical consolidation of the boundary and;
Other lands under the custody of Forest Department
o Preparation of inventory
o Physical verification of the inventory and the present status, including tenurial
status
o Consolidation in terms of tenure status and on the ground
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XXIII
Maintenance of records
o Maintenance of RF registers
o Maintenance of registers of plantations and
o Creation and maintenance of register of lands under the control of the Forest
Department
After the survey and demarcation of the forest, the encroachments have to be removed
immediately and the areas should be consolidated with digging CPT, EPT, barbed wire
fencing etc., depending upon the situation.
11.3 – Sandalwood Management
The main objective of management will be i) to encourage sandal regeneration in the
forest areas and ii) to encourage the farmers and other private individuals and organizations.
11.3.1 - Prescriptions:
1. Gap planting of sandalwood seedlings along with other miscellaneous species
should be done in the improvement blocks every year.
2. Sandalwood seedlings should be raised for public distribution every year.
3. Only dead and fallen trees and illicitly cut stumps will be allowed to extract from
the forest and other government lands which are under the custody of forest
department every year.
4. A block of 50 ha in compartment No: 18 in Devamachi forest of Thithimathi
Range will be developed as sandal estate.
11.4 Joint forest planning and management: This consists of 1830 ha plantation areas
raised in forest areas coming under VFCs and 1601.63 ha protected forests like Devarakadu,
Ambala and Mandu. The total area under this working circle is 3923.52 ha.
Devarakadus have to be demarcated properly as per the order under which they have
been constituted in the past and encroachments if any have to be evicted. Survey and
demarcation and consolidation of these sacred groves preferably through digging CPT should
be completed during the plan period.
The Village Forest Committees in a more scientific and systematic way may manage
these areas as per the existing Government Orders so that the unique bio-diversity of these
areas may be preserved.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore XXIV
11.5 - Fire Protection.
Appropriate fire management plan should be prepared well in advance of dry season
in the division. Fire vulnerability maps should be prepared in division level. Re-clearing and
fire tracing works along the demarcation lines and other fire lines should be completed by the
end of December. Fire sensitive areas should be identified and marked on the range and
division maps. Watch towers should be constructed at vantage points and fire patrol parties
should be stationed there to take prompt action in the event of occurrence of fire in the area.
Special care should be taken for protecting the regeneration areas from fire.
11.6 - Farm Forestry
The farm forestry program should be expeditiously implemented under various
schemes like a NREGS, „Krishi Protsaha Yojana‟ etc.
12.1 - Summary of financial forecast
Summary of budgeting for estimated expenditure and expected revenue during the plan
period (2014-15 to 2023-24) under different working circle is given in table below. The
estimated total expenditure for the entire plan period is calculated as Rs. 10808.436 Lakhs and
expected revenue is calculated as Rs.1525.257 lakhs.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 1
Working Plan of Virajpet Forest Division
PART - I
CHAPTER 1.
SUMMARY OF FACTS ON WHICH PROPOSALS ARE BASED.
DESCRIPTION OF THE TRACT DEALT WITH.
1.1 NAME AND SITUATION.
1.1.1 Name - This working plan deals with the areas falling under the territorial jurisdiction
of Virajpet forest division consisting of Virajpet, Thithimathi, Ponnampet, Makut and
Mundrote ranges. Entire area of the division falls in the Kodagu district. The tract dealt with
is locally called ‗Malenadu‘ and 'Kanivenadu' that mean hill forests and valley forests
respectively. Besides the reserved forest areas, the plan also deals with the areas falling
under the categories of Paisari, Devarakadus, Jammamalais, Uruduves, C and D lands etc.
Details of forest and other areas are given in Annexures I (a) to I(f).
1.1.2 Area - Virajpet forest division was formed shifting the post of existing wildlife
division, Mysore during 1992 vide Government order No.AHFF/83/FNG/92/ Bangalore
dated 8/5/92 by carving out certain areas from the old Madikeri division and old Hunsur
division as they existed before 1992. This reorganization was necessitated in view of the
policy of bifurcating the areas predominant in wildlife from the areas of territorial divisions
so that greater emphasis may be accorded to wildlife management in such areas. Forest areas
of Thithimathi range, especially Mavukal and Devamachi reserved forests have come from
old Hunsur division and areas of other ranges have come from old Madikeri division. The
wildlife predominant areas of old Madikeri division have been notified separately as
Pushpagiri wildlife sanctuary, Brahmagiri wildlife sanctuary and Talacauvery wildlife
sanctuary. The details regarding geographical area of the division and its ranges are given in
Annexure II. It is bounded on the north by Madikeri forest division and Talacauvery wildlife
sanctuary, on the south by Kerala State, on the east by Hunsur wildlife division and on the
west by Kerala State and Madikeri forest division. As per the Government order of
reorganisation of the divisions as referred to above, the southern boundary of the
compartment number 16 is the boundary between Virajpet division and Hunsur wildlife
division. Which is later named as Nagarhole Tiger Reserve.Therefore the part of the Arkeri
reserved forest which is in compartment number 16 should fall in Virajpet division. But as
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 2
per the notification of Nagarahole National Park vide G.O No.FFD 195 FWL 82, Bangalore
dated 16-3-1983, the western boundary of the park runs from Kaimara along the D line of
Karnataka and Kerala States and along the western boundary of Nalkeri, Hatghat and Arkeri
reserved forests till it touches the starting point of Thithimathi – Anechowkur road.
According to the above notification of the National Park, the Thithimathi – Anechowkur road
is the boundary between Virajpet division and Nagarhole Tiger Reserve. For administrative
convenience the same may be continued. The total length of the forest boundary is 350 kms
of which 72 kms constitute inter-State boundary between Karnataka and Kerala along the
southern and western sides of Virajpet division.The total geographical area of the division is
1410.48 sq. kms. Out of this, the notified forests is about 23%.
1.1.3Situation -The boundary of the division lies between latitudes 11o
55' to 12o
20' north
and between longitudes 75o 25' to 76
o 05' east of Greenwich.
1.2 PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY AND CONFIGURATION OF THE GROUND.
1.2.1 Topography and altitude - The tract has mountainous configuration with rivers,
valleys, ravines, spurs etc. The tract becomes undulating and plains towards the east, while
towards the west, it attains great heights with precipitous slopes. In northwest and southwest
directions it is intersected by a chain of hills, which further project out into innumerable
ridges on either sides, losing their heights gradually as they recede further but have almost
every where sharp peaks. The general elevation of the tract varies from 100 m to 1745 m. The
highest peak of Kodagu district, Tadiandmol, with an elevation of 1745 m. is situated in this
tract. The area is drained primarily towards the east by a number of streams forming
tributaries of important rivers like Cauvery and Lakshmanthirtha.
1.3 GEOLOGY-ROCK AND SOIL.
1.3.1 Rock & Soil - The underlying rock is the peninsular gneiss in the various stages of
disintegration. The rock formations belong to most ancient Archaean system. The peninsular
gneiss consists of granite gneiss and banded gneiss. At many places granites are exposed as
massive and rounded boulders or can be seen as outcrop. As far as economic/commercial
status or availability of mineral deposits in the region is concerned, it is poor.There is wide
variability of soil in depth and composition in different parts of the division. In the eastern
part, especially in the Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests, where the rainfall is
relatively less and ground is gently undulating, leaching out effect is not there, and soils are
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 3
clayey loam and deep. But in the western and southwest parts where rainfall is high, soil is
laterite, lateritic bright red or yellow in colour. In some patches, they are loamy but having a
sandy top layer. Areas covered with thick vegetation and multistoried forests have deep and
fertile soil. In areas receiving heavy rainfall, there exists a delicate balance between the
vegetation cover and quality of soil. In the absence of thick vegetal cover, soils are either
washed away exposing the underlying rock or have become laterite. The availability of
humus is better in the western and southwestern parts of the division where multistoried thick
vegetal cover exists. But in the eastern part, humus cover on the floor of the forest is very
depleted because of repeated ground fires. Moreover, a good proportion of leaf litter which
crumbles into powder during the dry season gets washed away in the rains.
1.4 CLIMATIC PARAMETERS
1.4.1 Climate - The climate of the region may be broadly termed as tropical except at the
higher reaches of the hills where it is montane sub-tropical. Heavy to very heavy rainfall,
high humidity and cold nights characterize it. It may be divided into four seasons. The period
of June to September is the monsoon period; October and November constitute a post
monsoon period; the period between December to February is characterized by clear bright
weather with cold nights followed by summer season between March and May.
1.4.2 Rainfall - There is wide variation of rainfall in the western and eastern parts. It
decreases from west to east. In the western part, Makut and Mundrote receive rainfall of
about 5290 mm while in the eastern part, Thithimathi receives about 1000 mm rainfall.
Eighty percent of the rainfall is received during the period of southwest monsoon. However
in the post monsoon period of October-November, it also gets rainfall by northeast monsoon
or due to depression/cyclones formed in the Arabian Sea which moves towards east and
crosses over this region. Some showers are common during April-May, which are locally
called blossom showers. Average rainfall data of a few typical locations is given in
Annexure III (a). Average rainfall from 11 years data analysis is found to be 2273 mm in the
division.
1.4.3 Temperature - Temperature also varies considerably from top of the hills to the
foothills. During the cold season, the temperature drops up to 10.3oC at the upper portion of
hill. During the summer season, the temperature at the foothills and especially in the eastern
part rises up to 35.0oC. But the mean maximum and mean minimum temperature is 28.6
oC
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 4
and 12.0oC respectively. Maximum and minimum temperatures of last eleven years are given
in Annexure III (b).
1.4.4 Humidity- In general air remains quite humid all through the year, particularly in rainy
season. Fog is also quite common in the region except during the period from March to May.
Mean relative humidity of last 11 years is given in Annexure III (c).Sky is heavily cloudy or
overcast in the monsoon. During the rest of year, the sky is lightly to moderately cloudy.
1.4.5 Winds - The winds are generally light to moderate and sometimes become severe
during the southwest monsoon. Winds mainly blow between the southwest and northwest
directions during the southwest monsoon season. In the post monsoon season, winds are
mainly northeasterly or easterly. But on some days, northwesterly winds blow in the
afternoons. During the rest of the years, winds are from the directions between north and east
in the mornings and between southwest and northwest in the afternoons.
During the post monsoon months of October and November, some of the storms and
cyclones, which originate in the Bay of Bengal, cross the East Coast and move westwards
emerging later in the Arabian Sea. These affect the division and its neighborhood causing
wide spread heavy rains and high winds. Thunder storms occur on about six or seven days
during April, May and October and on about two to three days in March and November.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Ave
rage
Rai
nfa
ll in
mm
Graph depicting average rainfall in Virajpet Division
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 5
1.5 WATER SUPPLY.
Major portion of the division drains eastwards into the Cauvery and Laxmanthirtha
rivers, which ultimately join the Bay of Bengal. As the area is situated in the Western Ghats
that receive heavy to very heavy rainfall, there are several rivulets and streams of seasonal or
perennial nature transecting the area and later joining the tributaries of the main rivers.
Barapole is the only important river that flows towards the west and joins the Arabian Sea.
The following rivers drain the evergreen tract of the division:
1. Matre hole,
2. Kerti hole,
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Rel
ativ
e h
um
idit
y in
per
cen
tage
Graph showing the relative humidity in Kodagu district
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Tem
pe
ratu
re in
de
gre
e c
elc
ius
Graph showing the average temperature in Kodagu district
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 6
3. Udumbe hole,
4. Pulike hole,
5. Padaimalai hole and
6. Nadumalai hole.
The following rivers drain the eastern plains and deciduous tracts of this division:
1. Cauvery river and its tributaries,
2. Laxmanthirtha river and its tributaries.
Most of these rivers originate in the high mountains covered with lush green
vegetation and have water for major part of the year. But as they flow through highly rugged
terrain, they are not suitable for navigation or for assured irrigation round the year. In
Virajpet taluk, there are a few natural reservoirs, which contain water throughout the year.
These are locally called kolly. Presence of several streams, rivers, kollies and tanks in the
region besides the open wells and bore wells mitigates the water problem in the summer
season.
1.6 DISTRIBUTION AND AREA.
1.6.1 - In the old Coorg district, various areas had been reserved from time to time in the past
under the provisions of Indian Forest Act, 1878 as per the orders of the Chief Commissioner
of Coorg. The areas, which had economically important timber species, were the first to be
brought under the category of reserved forests and most of the time forest management was
limited to these areas only. The reserved forests were under the absolute control of Forest
department for all purposes. Only in case of Sandalwood, working plans were prepared for
the Paisari lands also as the occurrence and growth of sandalwood was found to be
appreciable in these lands. The areas outside the reserved forests were burdened with
numerous rights and concessions for the local people for their day-to-day needs. This
unrestricted access had made the areas badly degraded. Therefore Government by its order
No. RD.32.LAD.62 dated 1/7/64 and by its order No. RD.54.LGP.78 dated 8/5/78 had
transferred Paisari and C and D class lands respectively to the Forest department from the
Revenue department for their management. Besides, certain other categories of Government
lands like Devarakadu also have been transferred to Forest department. The total area of
reserved forests in the division is 30348.234 ha. The details of their notification and extent
are given in the table below:
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 7
Table – 1:
Sl
no. Names
Chief commissioner of
Coorg provience notification
No. and date
Extent in ha Remarks
1 Padinalknad RF No. 30 dt 23.4.1906 16776.53 Part of the area is
in Madikeri
division and
Talacauvery
wildlife sanctuary.
2 Kerti RF No. 58 dt 24.6.1908 6480.102 ---
3 Mavukal RF No. 55 dt 2.11.1891 3351.537 ---
4 Devamachi RF No. 65 dt 2.11.1891 3740.068 ---
Total 30348.237 ha
As per the village and survey number details of the reserved forests, the total extent of
reserved forests is found to be 30348.237 ha insetad of 29217.10 ha shown in the previous
sanctioned working plan.
1.6.2 - In addition to the reserved forests, 491.889 ha of land has been notified under section-
4 and the details are given in Annexure I(f).
In Padinalknad reserved forest only 20 compartments i.e., compartment Nos. 36 to 52
and 55,56,62 fall in Virajpet division. The extent of Devarakadu (including Ambala and
Mandu)lands transferred to Virajpet division is 1601.637 ha. The extent of Devarakadu
including Ambala and Mandu lands transfered to Virajpet division is 1173.57 ha.
As regards Paisari lands, the Revenue department has so far transferred 3116.94 ha.
andthe remaining extent is still with the Revenue department. Virajpet division consists of
120 villages of Virajpet taluk and 13 villages of Madikeri taluk. The forest areas of five
villages falling in the Madikeri taluk also come in the Virajpet division but these villages are
in the Madikeri taluk. Village wise details of Reserve Forests, Protected Forests, Jamamalai,
Paisari etc are given in Annexure I(a).
Most of the forest and non-forest government lands, which are with the Forest
department, have already been updated in the revenue records. Parts of Paisari and C and D
lands have already been notified as reserved forests or under section 4 of Karnataka Forest
Act 1963. Some of these Devarakadus, Paisari lands and C and D lands were already
encroached at the time of transfer of these lands. The remaining available area of these non-
forest government lands is under different stages of survey, demarcation and settlement. As
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 8
per the judgment of Supreme Court in the case of T.N.Godaverman Thirumalkpad V/s Union
of India and others, the Honourable Court has held that word ‗Forest‘ has to be understood in
the dictionary sense irrespective of its ownership and classification thereof. Therefore all
these wooded lands fall under the category of forests and all such forestlands come under the
purview of Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980. As per therecent Government Order No:
FEE 185 FAF 2011, Bangalore, dated: 15.05.2014the deemed forest lands are under
review and the district level committee has to finalize the same for submitting to the
government. Even the tree growth in other types of private lands has to be managed as per
the provisions of Karnataka Preservation of Trees Act, 1976 and Karnataka Forest Act, 1963
and Rules, 1969. There is no cases of diversion of forests in the division.
1.7 SURVEY POSITION.
1.7.1 - All the Reserved forests in the division have been surveyed in the past. In order to
check the present boundary status, survey and demarcation of all the reserved forests of the
division have to be done during this working plan period. There is a necessity to survey and
demarcate devarakadus and Sec – 4 notified areas of the division. The compartment
boundaries of the reserved forests have to be surveyed and demarcated again on the ground
during the plan period.The Padinalknad (Part) and Kerti reserved forests have come from the
old Madikeri division. As per the available records of Madikeri division, the notified forest
areas and recorded areas are almost the same. In case of Mavukal and Devamachi reserved
forests also, the notified forest area tally with recorded area.
1.8 WORKING PLAN POSITION.
1.8.1 - Virajpet division was created in 1992 by carving out portions of old Madikeri and old
Hunsur divisions. There is no working plan prepared exclusively for Virajpet division. The
working plan of old Madikeri division was written by Mr. A. Akbar Shah IFS and that of old
Hunsur division was written by Mr. U.T. Alva IFS. Akbar Shah‘s plan (1987-96) expired in
1996. Although Alva‘s plan was still in currency (1978-79 – 2002-03), in view of the re-
organization of areas and changed circumstances its revision was required. Hence Mr. Ajay
Misra wrote the working of newly created Virajpet division for the period from 2001-02 to
2010-2011. After theexpiry of Ajay Misra‘s plan on 31st March-2011, a working scheme was
submitted for the year 2012-13 and it was approved by the Central Government (Annexure
IV). There was no sanctioned plan for the period 2011-12 to 2013-14. During this period no
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 9
logging operations were carried out in the division and only limited extent of afforestation
activities were taken up depending on the available fund. A brief account of different
important activities carried out during this period has been given in chapter VII i.e. past
system of management. The present plan has been prepared for the period 2014-15 to
2023-24.
1.9 STATE OF BOUNDARIES.
1.9.1 - The boundaries of all the four reserved forests falling in the division are maintained.
The details of the boundaries are given in the table below –
Table – 2: Details of boundary length of reserved forest
Sl
no
Name of the reserved
forest
Total
length of
the
boundary
Length of the
common
boundary
between two
forests
Length of the
boundary
between
revenue lands
and forest
lands
Length of
the inter
State
boundary
1 Devamachi and Mavkal
reserved forests 68.00 kms --- 42.00 kms ---
2 Kerti reserved forest 54.00 kms
16.00 kms
(between Kerti
and Kerti
reserved forests)
19.00 kms 10.00 kms
3
Padinalknad reserved
forest (only 20
compartments i.e.
compartments 36 to 52
and 55,56 and 62 come
under Virajpet division.
128.00 kms
9.00 kms (Kerti
and Padinalknad
reserved forests)
26.00 kms 62.00 kms
The existing compartment boundaries and their numbers in the division are the same
as those formed and maintained in the old Madikeri and old Hunsur divisions. There is
immediate need to renumber these continuously in serial order to avoid confusion. Further the
boundaries of compartments may also be reviewed to make changes if necessary in view of
the reorganization of forest areas and present requirements. It is also needed to internally
demarcate the boundary between the Virajpet and Madikeri divisions in the Padinalknad
reserved forest.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 10
1.10 - LEGAL POSITION.
Lands have been classified in the division as per the land tenure system prevalent in
the erstwhile Coorg State. The reserve forests as notified under Section 19 of Indian Forest
Act, 1878 fall under the absolute administrative control of Forest department. The extent of
total reserved forests in the Division is 30348.234 ha. The other land tenures include
Jammamalais, Coffeemalais, Devarakadus, Paisari, Uruduve, Bane, Sagu, Genimalai etc.
Jammamalais are portions of the reserved forest on the Western Ghats in which the
hereditary rights of growing cardamom on the indigenous system is admitted, as stated in
paragraph 97 of the Revenue Settlement of Coorg, 1910 written by Mr. Gustav Haller,
Settlement Officer, Coorg. The occupant is permitted to cultivate cardamom and for that
purpose, he can create openings in the vegetation strata and can use the firewood/timber etc.,
locally. They can‘t move any timber to any place outside the area nor dispose off the same.
Method of cultivation is also prescribed; that is plot method and they can‘t deviate from this
method.The assessment is subject to revision. His rights are hereditary but he does not have
any proprietary rights either over the soil or timber. The extent of Jammamalais in the
division is 3175.86 ha vide Annexure I(d).To avoid destruction of the vegetation and large
scale conversion of the same into commercial plantations, tree preservation act has to be very
strictly enforced. Coffeemalais are the assessed land but assigned permanently for the
cultivation of Coffee. The occupants in this type of land have the right over the tree growth.
Total extent of Coffeemalais in the division is 1333.48 ha. Devarakadus are protected forests
under Section 28 of Indian Forest Act, which are assigned to the temple deities. These are
scattered all over the division. On special permission, the temple management can use timber
and firewood from these lands for the purpose of temple functions. The extent of
Devarakadus in the division is 1554.67 ha. Mandu and Ambala are also the protected forests
notified under Section 28 of the Indian Forest Act. Their extents in the division are 19.62 ha
and 27.33 ha respectively. The details of protected forests (like Devarakadu, Ambala and
Mandu) are enclosed in the Annexure I(c). Other types of land tenure under this category are
Jody and Sarvamanya.
Sagus are the assessed lands which can be of two types viz., redeemed and un-
redeemed. In the redeemed land assignee has the right over both land and tree growth. On the
other hand, in the unredeemed land assignee does not have right over the tree growth. In the
case of unredeemed land, as the tree growth belongs to the government, there is immediate
need to have inventory of such areas so as to prevent any possible misuse of tree growth by
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 11
the occupants. Paisari land is defined as all waste and forest lands which are declared by
Section 42 of the Coorg land and revenue regulation to be the property of the government and
which have not been notified in the Coorg district gazette as protected forest under Section 28
of Act VII of 1878 or as forests under Section 3 of the same Act. An extent of 3116.94 ha of
these Paisari lands are transferred to forest department. Uruduves are the protected forests
notified under Section 28 of Indian Forest Act. Lands like Paisaris, Uruduvesare government
lands burdened with various rights and privileges. Genimalais are the leased lands in the
evergreen reserved forests for the purpose of cardamom cultivation. In the past it has been
observed that Genimalais have been mismanaged and badly damaged by the lessees. At the
time of leasing out such areas for cardamom cultivation, the economical value of the forest
produce was the least and also the ecological imbalance that this practice would bring out
was never thought of. These leases expired in 1975. Subsequently, the leases were not
renewed and the areas were resumed back. The present status of such land has to be verified
on the ground and there is a need to pass formal orders for terminating the leases.
1.11 - RIGHTS AND CONCESSIONS.
1.11.1 RIGHTS - The rights and concessions in the reserved forests are those as settled during
the time of notification of the areas under Section 19 of Indian Forest Act, 1878. Right of
way is the common right as admitted at different places in the reserved forests. The people
living in the enclosures enjoy their rights without any problem. The rights admitted during
the time of settlement are given in Annexure V. Under Forest Right Act,So far 292.685 acres
of forest land rights have been given to 237 families in the division covering Thithimathi and
Makut ranges under Forest Right Act. The details are given in Annexure XLIX (a & b).
The extraction and sale of Rosewood in the private land is controlled/regulated under the
provisions of Rule 127 of Karnataka Forest Rules, 1969. Further, as per the Karnataka Forest
Act, 1963. Prior to 2001, all sandalwood trees, including those growing on private lands,
were considered as Government property. In order to encourage private individuals to grow
sandalwood trees in their lands, the Karnataka Forest Act, 1963 and Karnataka Forest Rules,
1969 were amended during 2001 and 2002 conferring ownership rights of sandalwood trees
growing on private lands to the land owners.
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 12
1.12 - COMMITMENTS.
An extent of 521.76 ha and 2.83 ha.of forest lands in Kerti and Urti reserved forest
were leased to M/s Portland Rubber Co. Ltd., on 6/10/1913 for 999 years starting from
1911-12 for Rubber cultivation by then Chief Commissioner of Coorg. Subsequently in the
year 1940 the period of the lease was reduced from 999 years to 99 years vide gazette
notification no. 28(1) 38 dt. 15/6/40 by the Chief Commissioner of Coorg.The state
government vide order No: FEE-192/FLL-2008, Bangalore dated: 19.12.2012 ordered to
restrict the lease period as 99 years in respect of the private rubber companies in Kodagu
district. The assessment is collected by the Revenue authorities. The details of forest leases
from the inception of the division are given in Annexure – VI.
1.13 - LIST OF PAST DEPUTY CONSERVATORS OF FORESTS.
List is appended vide Annexure VII.
1.14 - LAND USE PATTERN.
The following table shows the land use pattern in the Virajpet taluk –
Table – 3:
Sl no Land use Net area shown Area in Sq.kms %age
1 Geographical area(according to
village records) 1657.31
---
2 Forest area (land not available for
cultivation) 662.34 39.96
3 Land put to non agricultural use
(C&D) 32.01 1.93
4 Barren and uncultivable land other
uncultivated land excluding fallow
land
85.37 5.15
5 Permanent pasture and other
grazing lands 68.35 4.12
6 Land under miscellaneous tree
crops and groves 57.2 3.45
7 Fallow land 31.61 1.91
8 Cultivable waste 7.08 0.43
9 Land under cultivation 713.35 43.04
* N B: The forest area shown in serial number 2 also includes the other areas not covered
under the plan.
(Source : Kodagu District statistics at a glance 2008-09)
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 13
CHAPTER II.
THE FOREST.
2.1 - COMPOSITION AND CONDITION OF CROP.
2.1.1 - Because of marked variation in rainfall, altitude, aspect, slope and intensity of biotic
interference, wide range of forests can be seen in the division. Past management practices
coupled with other biotic factors have changed the status of vegetation at many places. The
detrimental effects of the past have set in retrogression and brought the climax vegetation to
either pre climax or sub climax stages. Here grasslands, scrubs, savannas, swamps or inferior
deciduous forests have replaced the original forests. Mostly good forests are confined to the
eastern and western slopes of the Ghats. The stocking in the various reserved forest areas
varies considerably and details of the stocking pattern with extent are given in the Annexure
VIII (a).The details of stocking pattern in different Devarakadus are given in Annexure
VII(b)
2.1.2 - Composition of Crop.
The tropical evergreen forests confined to the Ghats have luxuriant vegetation
forming several strata with very tall trees often with buttressed stems. These can be seen in
Makut, Mundrote and part of Virajpet ranges. Commonly seen and economically important
species among them in the top storey are: -
Table – 4: Species composition in different storey
Sl no. Botanical name
1 Hebbalsu Artocarpus hirsuta
2 Vella paini Veteria indica
3 Panda paini Canarium strictum
4 Chora paini Hardwickia pinnata
5 Kal paini Dipterocarpus indicus
6 Aranji Antiaris toxicaria
7 Neeli Bischofia javanica
8 Poon Callophyllum tomentosum
9 Bollurupa Eugenia gardeneri
10 Perumara Trewia nudiflora
11 Noga Cedrella toona
12 Devadaru Dysoxylum malabaricum
13 Atha Mesua ferrea
14 Jack Artocarpus integrifolia
15 Balanji Acrocarpus fraxinifolius
16 Pali Palaquium ellipticum
17 Irupa Hopea parviflora
18 Kotte Sterculia alata
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 14
19 Biti Dalbergia latifolia
20 Karimara Diospyrous ebenum
21 Buruga Bombax ceiba
The middle storey generally consists of the following species: –
Sl no. Botanical name
1 Pale pannu Chrysophyllum roxburghii
2 Naviladi Vitex altissima
3 Nerolthakai Hydnocarpus wightiana
4 Kartha choote Diospyros nilagirica
5 Veltha choote Hemicyclia alata
6 Kunge pannu Elacocarpus serratus
7 Analthari Elacocarpus tuberculatus
8 Pullichekke Artocarpus lakoocha
9 Amme pannu Canthium diococum
10 Kakcha paya Polyalthia fragrans
11 Malekakkada Scolopia erenulata
12 Chooli Lansium anemaleyanum
13 Karpamara Cinnamomum zeylanicum
14 Punali Elaeodendron paniculatum
15 Chunde Diospyrous microphylla
16 Kulurmavu Machilus macarantha
The under storey consists of the following species: –
Sl no. Botanical name
1 Kadchorange Limonia acidissima
2 Bhatha Macaranga peltata
3 Uduthale Memecylan edule
4 Lavate pannu Allophyllus cobbe
5 Nakki Vitex negundo
Following species of Canes and Reeds are found: –
Canes
Sl no. Botanical name
1 Kirubetha Calamus psedotenuis
2 Halubetha Calamus laxmanae
3 Handibetha Calamus thwaitessi
4 Ontibetha Calamus travancoricus
5 Nagabetha Calamus flagellum
6 Sukku betha Calamus karnatakanses
7 Meese betha Calamus lassiferous
Reeds
Sl no
1 Ochlandra rheedii
2 Ochlandra travancorica
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 15
Other species of under growth which dominate these forests are: –
Sl no Botanical name
1 Kurunji Strobilanthus species
2 Webera Webera corymbosa
3 Mundachekke Pandanus tectorius
4 Uppila Macaranga roxburghii
5 Taggi or Gowri Clerodendron infortunatum
6 Parivallam Callicarpa lanata
7 Maleangare Leportra crenulata
8 Kowri Helictres isora
The mixed deciduous forests, which are found in Thithimathi range, comprise of
species that remain leafless during December to June and are seen around the fringe openings
of lower slopes and in plains. The species composition of this area is as follows:
Sl no. Botanical name
1 Thega Tectona grandis
2 Beete Dalbergia latifolia
3 Honne Pterocarpus marsupium
4 Nandi Lagerstroemia lanceolata
5 Noga mara Cedrella toona
6 Karadi Chuckrassia tabularis
7 Thadasalu Grewia tilaefolia
8 Mathi Terminalia tomentosa
9 Uluve Terminalia paniculata
10 Thari Terminalia bellerica
Bambusa bamboos and Dendrocalamus strictus occur as an under storey and the
former is more common.
The under growth consists of the following species: –
Sl no. Botanical name
1 Glycosmus pentaphylla
2 Curcuma species
3 Helictris isora
4 Lantana camara
5 Eupatorium odoratum
Among the climbers, following species are more common –
Sl no. Botanical name
1 Spatholobus roxburghii
2 Acacia Concina
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 16
2.1.3 - Condition of the Crop.
The condition of the crop in a locality is the result of the interaction of various
climatic, edaphic and biotic factors. As these forests have been worked in the past, the
reasons like faulty management practices, fire, grazing, erosion etc. have caused changes in
different degrees at various places. The observation of Akbar Shah, made regarding the
condition of crop around Makut and Mundrote is still valid. It is stated in the Working Plan
that in Makut, soil conditions have changed considerably tending towards dryness, resulting
in retarded tree growth. In most of the areas, especially in Mundrote belt, regeneration has
become very sparse. In Thithimathi, in addition to the problems of fire, grazing and other
biotic factors, the invasion of weeds like Lantana and Eupatorium in forests, has made it
difficult for any regeneration to come up. The condition of the forests in general has
deteriorated so much that some of the size classes of important tree species are totally
missing.
2.1.4 - Forest types:
The forests of the division are tropical moist and dry types. Following are the main
types of forests found in the division:
1. Moist Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests (IA/C3) :–
It is confined to the Ghats and the vegetation forms several strata with very tall
trees. These forests in most of the areas appear to be climatic climax and are found
mainly in the Kerti and Padinalknad reserved forests. Predominant species are
Dysoxylum malabaricum, Dipterocarpus indicus, Hopea parviflora, Mesua ferrea,
Sterculia alata, Canarium strictum, Calophyllum tomentosum, Vateria indica etc.
2. Moist Tropical Semi-evergreen Forests (I/2A): –
It is an intermediate type between the Tropical evergreen and Tropical moist
deciduous forest types. It is rather difficult to distinguish this type of forests in the
field on account of its presence in patches or along with group of species characterstic
of other types. This type is confined mostly in the foothills or flat land on soils formed
from the crystalline rocks in the Kerti and Padinalknad reserved forests. The common
tree species in the upper storey are Xylia Xylocarpa, Terminalia paniculata,
Langerstroemia lanceolata, Hopea parviflora etc.
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 17
3. Moist Deciduous Forests (3B/C2): –
It comprises of species that remain leafless during March and April and is seen
around the fringes, opening of lower slopes and in plains, mainly in the Devamachi
and Mavukal reserved forests. Important species found are Big Bamboo (Bambusa
bamboos) Dalbergia latifolia, Terminalia paniculata, Terminalia tomentosa, Tectona
grandis, Lagerstroemia lanceolata, Adina cordifolia, Grewia tilaefolia, Bombax
ceiba, Anogeissus latifolia, Xylia xylocarpa etc.
4. Dry Deciduous Forests (5A/C3): –
This type of forest is formed by species, which remain deciduous for greater part
of the year. The canopy is uneven and is not particularly dense. The growth under
consists of a few shrubs and grassy growth, which become more prominent where
burning is resorted to. Canes and palms are absent and bamboo, whenever present, is
dry and stunted. These types of forests are found in the degraded portions of
Devamachi and Mavkal reserved forests. Main species found under this category are
Anogeissus latifolia, Terminalia chebula, Terminalia tomentosa, Terminalia
paniculata, Grewia tiliaefolia, Albizia odoratissima, Pterocarpus marsupium,
Lagerstroemia parviflora, Dalbergia paniculata, Zizyphus xylopyrous, Randia
dumatorum, Bauhinia racemosa, Diospyrous melanoxylon etc.
2.1.5 - Grass lands.
The grasslands which are found in these areas, intermixed with the forests are the
result of the degradation to which these forests have been subjected to in the past. The
degradation might have been caused because of faulty management practices resulting in loss
of tree cover causing erosion or because of repeated fire and other biotic factors. In Mundrote
and Makut ranges, these grasslands are seen on top of the ridges and these continue to exist
because of annual fires. These can be classified as high rainfall grasslands, normally at an
altitude above 750 m, and low rainfall grasslands, usually at an altitude below 750 m. These
grasslands perpetuate themselves because of adverse edaphic and biotic factors.
2.1.6 - Swamps:
These are commonly called ‘Hadlus’ in the local language. These are swampy flat
lands, which exist at different places in varying extents. Outside the reserved forests these
have been converted as paddy fields but inside the reserved forests these are cultivated
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 18
unauthorizedly. The current information regarding their actual number and extent in various
forests is not available. In Alva‘s working plan of old Hunsur Division the extent of Hadlus
in Devamachi and Mavkal reserved forests was assessed to be 2560 acres and 2000 acres
respectively.
The forests in the Padinalknad Reserved forest and Kerti Reserved forest can be
broadly classified under the category of evergreen and semi evergreen type. The total area
under this category is 22212.70 ha. The forests in the Mavukal Reserved forest and
Devamachi Reserved forest can be broadly classified under the category of moist and dry
deciduous types. The total area under this category is 7004.40 ha. In the deciduous type an
extent of 1846.15 ha. is under swamps or hadlus.
2.1.7 - Fauna:
Variety of fauna is found in Virajpet division. Rugged terrain, dense forests,
lushgreen valleys and perennial water streams flowing across the area offer ideal habitat for
wide range of mammals, reptiles, fishes, amphibians, birds and insects. But increasing human
population and consequent shrinkage and degradation of the habitat have had adverse impact
on wildlife.
Because of rich wildlife of the region, the Nagarhole wildlife sanctuary (Now the
Rajiv Gandhi national park with the inclusion of some area of the Mysore district) was
established way back in July 1955. The Brahmagiri wildlife sanctuary comprising of
Brahmagiri and Urti reserved forests were notified in 1974, subsequently other sanctuaries in
Coorg district viz., Pushpagiri and Talcauvery were notified. Although these wildlife areas
are outside Virajpet division, as these are located very close by, wide variety of fauna is
found in the division. During the preparation of the previous Working Plans of old Madikeri
division and old Hunsur division, these wildlife areas were included in these divisions. After
the reorganization of divisions, these are independent administrative units under the control
of wildlife divisions / sub-divisions. In spite of the fact the human habitations and cultivated
areas are surrounded by forests rich in wildlife, damage caused to life and property is not so
high.
The important animals are Tiger, Panther, Elephant, Sambar, Spotted deer, Barking
deer, Wild dog, Grey langoor etc.. Other typical rain forest fauna are Nilgiri langoor, Brown
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 19
palm civet and Lion tailed macaque. In addition to these, carnivores like Jackal, Jungle cat,
Rusty spotted Leopard cat, Small Indian civet, Common palm civet, Common mongoose,
Brown mangoose, Stripe necked mangoose are also present in the area. Birds commonly
found in these forests are Black eagle, Great horn bill, Soaring vulture, Malabar trogon,
Nilgiri black bird, Parrot, Wood peckers, Barn owls, Cuckoo, Red winged crested cuckoo,
Peafowl and Jungle fowl. The Honeybee is an asset in the area as it gives honey and thereby
supports the local apiculture industry. Important reptiles are King Cobra, Cobra, Python and
Russell viper. Tortoises are also occasionally seen in paddy fields and small tanks and also in
the evergreen patches of Mundrote and Makut ranges.
2.2 - INJURIES TO WHICH THE CROP IS LIABLE.
The most common forms of injuries to the crop in these forests are due to smuggling,
fire, wild animals, insects, climbers, grazing, parasites and epiphytes.
2.2.1 - Smuggling and Protection Problems.
From the viewpoint of forest protection, the division is quite sensitive. Organized
smuggling, especially along the inter-State border, and illicit removals by the local villagers
living in and around forests are serious problems. Various legislative and administrative steps
have been taken to check these activities. Police force has been stationed along the border at
sensitive points. Forest camps also have been located along the border in smuggling prone
areas. Routine patrolling and perambulation need to be intensified further in the division. The
eastern part of the division where large numbers of Teak plantations are located and where
many economically valuable species are found requires more protection. Encroachment is
another problem that needs immediate attention. If the demarcation of forest boundary around
the rubber and coffee estates is not proper, planters have a tendency to extend their
boundaries in the surrounding forests. Similarly, the encroachment in the Hadlus in the
reserved forests is to be tackled effectively. Amendment (1998) to the Karnataka Forest Act
1963 and Rules 1969 and the Judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court of India in the case of
T.N.Godavarman Vs Union of India and others have further strengthened the various legal
aspects concerning forest protection.
2.2.2 - Fire.
Fire is a serious problem in these forests. In the evergreen/semi evergreen zone, fire
on the hillocks covered with grasses seriously damages the surrounding vegetation/Sholas; its
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 20
repeated occurrence sets retrogression in the climatic and edaphic climax stages of the area
causing irreversible changes in the micro climate. This tends to make the area drier and
consequently it affects the process of succession. At the higher reaches, on one hand fire
causes shrinkage of Sholas and on the other, it leads to expansion of grassland. Fire due to
natural causes like lightening is very rare. Fire problem is more acute in the eastern part of
deciduous belt. Fire occurs mainly because of intentional/accidental reasons, as biotic
interference is more in these areas. The problem gets further aggravated because of thick mat
of fallen leaves on the forest floor. It creates gaps in the forest, which gradually get covered
by the invasion of weeds like Eupatorium or Lantana. The period between February and
April is the driest and the intensity of fire during this period is very severe. In view of this
there is urgent need for effective fire control measures including burning of fire lines. But
unless timely and complete action is taken there is all possibility that such measures become
totally futile.
2.2.3 - Wildlife damage.
Appreciable damage is caused, especially in the deciduous forests by the elephants to
the young poles, saplings and bamboo clumps. Elephants peel off the bark of younger Teak
and Kydia poles, which they relish very much. Young plants and regeneration also get
damaged due to trampling. Herbivores like Sambhar, Spotted deer, Bison etc. cause damage
to young plants by browsing. Bisons also cause damage by trampling young growth and by
rubbing their bodies against the saplings resulting in stripping off the bark. Wild boar and
Porcupines have a tendency to uproot seedlings and young saplings and to consume the juicy
tubers. Problems from insects and other microorganisms, even though seasonal and
occasional, also cause some concern, especially in the deciduous forests.
2.2.4 - Weeds and grasses.
Deciduous forests of the division are affected by the invasion of weeds like
Eupatorium and Lantana. The problem is more serious in the failed plantation areas or
wherever there are openings in forests. Eupatorium is more widespread and it suppresses
natural regeneration causing extensive damage to forests. During the dry season these weeds
dry up and act like readymade inflammable material and aid in the spread of fire very fast.
Lantana causes serious hindrance to the movement of wild animals. Its removal through
uprooting is not practically feasible, as it spreads by dispersal of seeds, coppice and root
sucker. Once uprooted, it will invade again by left over root stock and fresh dispersal of seeds
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 21
from other areas. Besides, such operations will be prohibitively costly. In the regeneration
areas, however, weeding has to be carried out till the plants are established.
Grasses also cause spread of fire and suppression of natural regeneration in the forests
of the division.
2.2.5 - Grazing.
In the past, strict restrictions were imposed on unauthorized grazing and it was
regulated strictly. But now a days, cattle can be seen in most parts of forests causing damage
to regeneration.
2.2.6 - Parasites and Epiphytes.
Loranthus is a serious problem in Teak plantations. Infestation by Loranthus retards
tree growth. Occasionally, trees die. The menace can be brought under control by mechanical
removal of the parasite. .
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 22
CHAPTER III.
UTLISATION OF THE PRODUCE.
3.1 - AGRICULTURAL CUSTOMS AND WANTS OF THE POPULATION.
3.1.1 - Virajpet division consists of 142 revenue villages of which 124 are in Virajpet taluk
and 18 are in Madikeri taluk. As per 2001 census the number of inhabited village of Virajpet
taluka is only 94. Out of a total geographical area of 1657.31 Sq kms, forest area of the
division is 292.171 km2. The principal agriculture crop is paddy, which is grown in an extent
of 135 km2. Area under the plantation crops like Coffee, Tea and Cardamom is 516.64 km
2,
3.44 km2 and 2.68 km
2 respectively. Area under Pepper, Arecanut is 34.92 km
2and 9.62 km
2
respectively. The population and population density of Virajpet Taluk as per the 2001 census
is 200628 and 124 per km2 respectively. As per the 2008 census total cattle population of
Virajpet taluk is 33277and total livestock population is 129125. This socio economic
statistics indicate that substantial area is either under plantation crops or under forests. The
population density is also relatively low.
Demand for various forest produce from forest areas for local consumption is less
except in and around Devamachi and Mavkal reserved forests where some tribal people live.
The tribals meet their bonafide needs locally from the surrounding forests. In the private
areas under plantation crops, sufficient firewood and timber is produced to meet the local
needs. Besides the reserved forests, there are appreciable extents of Paisari and Bane lands in
the division. Most of the demands of small timber for agricultural implements and for
construction or repair of sheds etc., are either met from these Paisari/Bane lands or from
private lands. Substantial quantity of timber and firewood is also obtained from the redeemed
lands and a part of this is consumed locally. In the past there was demand for charcoal which
was prepared and supplied by the department locally. No such demand for charcoal from
government forests exists now as the same can be met from private sources. Bamboo,
required for fencing is taken from the surrounding Bane or Paisari lands. Demand of leaf
manure is also met from these lands.
Grazing is one of the essential needs of the local agriculturist population for their
cattle. In the past strict regulations/restrictions were imposed on grazing in forest areas. Free
grazing was permitted in the Bane and Paisari lands only, which was enough for the local
grazing needs. With the increase of livestock and the conversion of grazing lands for farming
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 23
and other purposes, forest lands are under a lot of pressure and are facing serious grazing
problems. Stall feeding is not practiced much in the locality. Hundreds of cattle, which find
unrestricted entry into the forest, cause serious problem to regeneration. Therefore there is
immediate need to divert this pressure to unreserved areas and to promote stall feeding
locally.
3.2 - OTHER SOURCES OF DEMAND.
In the past, forests of the division used to cater to the demands of several industries
located outside Kodagu district which obtained raw material required for match wood, ply
wood, railways sleepers, factory fuel etc. In view of the urgency to conserve the bio-diversity
in tropical forests, the present day management of these forests has become conservation
oriented and no such supplies are being made.
3.3 - MARKETABLE PRODUCE.
3.3.1 - In the fast changing world of today the demand for traditional wooden products has
come down considerably because of various reasons. In the late nineteenth century and early
twentieth century, besides a few selected timber species, sandalwood and firewood, there was
not much demand for other forest products. But by the middle of the twentieth century, due to
rapid population growth and consequent increase in the demand, several tree species and
other forest products became marketable. This caused tremendous pressure on the forests and,
at many places, resulted in their depletion and degradation. But in the latter part of this
century, because of increased awareness of the role of forests in maintaining the ecological
equilibrium, discovery of a wide range of synthetic products, use of various metallic products
in the construction industry and increased use of alternative energy sources, the demand for
forest products has come down to some extent. Some of the marketable forest products are as
detailed below:-
3.3.2 - Sandalwood:
Sandalwood is the most precious marketable forest produce of these forests.
Sandalwood oil, which is obtained by its destructive distillation, is quite valuable and is
extensively used in the manufacture of soaps, incense sticks, perfumes, drugs etc. Good
quality wood is also used in several religious rituals. The present supply of Sandalwood from
the division is very meager as only dead/dying/diseased trees or the stumps of illicitly cut
trees from the government or private lands are extracted. In case of Sandalwood extracted
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 24
from private lands value based on current market price is paid to the owner as per the existing
government rules.
3.3.3 - Timber:
In the past, this area was an important source of timber supply to the market. For
different uses, varieties of tree species were harvested. The hardwood trees were sold after
extraction, conversion, transportation and classification in the depots. However softwood
trees were sold standing by allotment to various industries. The practice of standing tree sale
or coupe sale has already been discontinued. As felling of green trees in forests has been
stopped, only dead and fallen material, salvaged from forests is being sold in depots. But
these supplies are supplemented considerably from the material, which is received from the
redeemed or the other private lands.
3.3.4 - Firewood:
As stated earlier, because of increased uses of alternative energy sources, the demand
of firewood, though marketable has come down considerably. Even the traditional users like
tile factories, brick kilns etc. are also switching over to alternate means. But whatever
quantity is received at the depot from the extraction of dead and fallen material is sold
locally. This is also supplemented to a very big extent from the firewood supplies received
from the coffee plantations and other private areas including the redeemed lands.
3.3.5 - Bamboos, Canes and Reeds:
Bamboo, which was not considered economically very important in the early days of
the twentieth century, has subsequently gained a lot of importance because of its multifarious
uses. The demand of bamboo as raw material of pulp industry increased considerably during
the century. However, this demand has gradually decreased because of the increased
availability of other pulpwood species/material to the industries. But it is extensively used in
the cottage industry, for making thattis, baskets etc. Besides, bamboo is used extensively in
the rural areas for construction of houses and manufacture of household articles and
agricultural implements. Bamboo is available in sufficient quantity in the forests of the
division. It is used locally as well as in the adjoining parts of Mysore district. The main
species of bamboo found in the division are Bambusa bamboos and Bambusa arundinacea. In
small patches Dendrocalamus strictus is also found. Canes and Reeds are found in the high
rainfall areas. These are used mainly for furniture making. Their local demand is not much.
However, there is considerable demand for Canes and Reeds in other districts. As these were
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 25
overexploited in the past, it is necessary to provide complete protection and rest to facilitate
their regeneration. The important species of canes found in the area are Calamus rotang,
Calamus thwaitessi, Calamus pseudotenuis and Calamus travencoricus and among the
important species of reeds is Ochlendra reedii.
3.3.6 - Non-Timber Forest Produce:
There are several Non-Timber forest produce found in these forests which are
marketable. Important among these are Rubber, Seegekai (Acacia concinna), Watehuli
(Artocarpus lakucha fruits), Mardapachi (Moss and lichens), Cashew, Gulmavu bark
(Machilus macrantha bark), Honey, Bee wax, Nellikai (Emblica officinalis), Dhupa seeds
(Vateria indica fruits) etc. MFPs collection is normally being done by LAMP (Large area
multi purpose) Society through its members, who are tribals. If the Society does not come
forward, rights of collection are sold through tender cum auction sale. Earlier the lease period
was biannual but now it is annual.The list of NTFP available in the division is given in
Annexure-IXThe details of the quantity collected and revenue earned by LAMPS for last 10
years are enclosed in Annexure X.
3.4 - MARKETS AND LINES OF EXPORT.
In view of the formation of separate wildlife areas after the reorganization and ban on
the green fellings in the forest, the supply of timber to the depots has reduced substantially.
The major depots of the division are Thithimathi and Vatekolli. The salvaged material from
dead and fallen trees or teak poles (if plantation thinnings are carried out), are brought to
these depots and classified as per the existing classification standard. In view of the network
of better roads, most of markets of adjoining districts of Karnataka as well as Kerala are
easily accessible. The main markets are Calicut in Kerala, and Hunsur, Mysore and even
Bangalore in Karnataka.
3.5 - METHODS OF EXPLOITATION AND COST.
Extraction is done only from dead and fallen trees. For felling of dead trees
combination of axe and saws is used. For conversion, only saws are used. Even billets and
firewood are sized by saws. All the logs are taken in the round form by cutting at either end
by crosscut saws. At the middle point bark is removed for taking girth measurements.
Dragging is done by Elephants from the stump site to the lorry track and timber is further
transported by lorries. The old methods for transportation of timber either by floating or
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 26
through skyline cranes etc. are now totally abandoned. Saws are used for thinning of poles in
teak plantations. Bamboo is cut with axe. Collection of minor forest produce is done by
traditional methods.The cost of extraction has increased over the years. In areas where the
terrain is difficult and where skilled labourers are not locally available and have to be brought
from outside, cost works out more. The details of depot-wise sales of timber are given in
Annexure XI.
3.6 - PAST AND CURRENT PRICES.
The species-wise and class-wise average prices of timber received in various depot
sales in Virajpet division are given in Annexures XII. The increase in the prices is because
of limited availability of material and inflationary trend in the economy.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 27
CHAPTER IV
ACTIVITIES OF KARNATAKA FOREST DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION
(KFDC) IN HARVESTING AND MARKETING OF FOREST PRODUCE, RESULT
OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY
4.1 - General
Karnataka Forest Development Corporation Ltd., Bangalore is a government
undertaking and it was incorporated as a company under the Company Act, 1956 on
25/01/1971. The corporations main activities are to develop plantations of rubber, pulpwood,
teak and bamboo which are commercially viable. It also develops the forest land and support
forest department and reclaims the waste lands converting them into productive assets.
KFDC Ltd., Bangalore is not having any area or activities in Hunsur Forest Division.
Another Corporation called Karnataka Cashew Development Corporation Ltd., (KCDC),
Mangalore was incorporated in 1978 for scientifically managing the cashew plantations
raised hitherto by Karnataka Forest Department promoting the development of cashew
plantation in the state. However, there are no activities of KFDC Ltd., in Virajpet division.
The other Corporation called Karntaka State Forest Corporation Ltd (KSFIC), Banglore was
incorporated in the year 1973 with the objectives of undertaking exploitation of forest
produce, processing of forest produce and their marketing as finished products. In Virajpet
division, the services of Karnataka State Forest Industry Corporation (KSFIC) are taken in
thinning of teak plantations and in logging activity in natural forest for extraction of deed and
fallen trees. After extraction, the KSFIC transports the harvested timber and poles to the
forest depots. In case of firewood, they pay royalty to the forest department and transport the
firewood to their sale depots. The KSFIC works almost 300 days in a year engaging on an
average 70-80 laborers (30% from local villages) everyday to carryout their harvesting
operations. The quantity of timber extracted by KSFIC for last 10 years in Virajpet division
is given in the table below.
Table – 5: Details of Timber & Poles extracted by the KSFIC Mangalore during the
Year 2001-02 in Virajpet Division
Sl
No Name of the Range
Name of the
Locality
No of Trees
extracted
Quantity in
M3 (Logs=M3)
1 Virajpet Kedamollor 196 200= 100.028
2 Virajpet Palangala 13 76= 38.441
3 Ponnampet Hysodlor 26 60= 60.945
4 Ponnampet Karthikadu 62 80= 40.097
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5 Ponnampet Begur 11 25= 5.699
6 Ponnampet Hysodlor 1 10= 14.009
Table – 6: Details of Timber & Poles extracted by the KSFIC, Mangalore during the
Year 2002-03 in Virajpet Division
Sl
No
Name of the
Range
Name of
the Locality Coupe No
No of Trees
extracted Quantity in M
3
1 Thithimathi Devamachi 2 408 920= 338.099
2 Thithimthi Devamachi Year of plantation Poles
3 --―-- --―-- 1973 1230
4 --―-- --―-- 1975 130
5 --―-- --―-- 1976 255
6 --―-- --―-- 1944 650
7 --―-- --―-- 1949 300
8 --―-- --―-- 1950 1260
9 --―-- --―-- 1950 1960
10 --―-- --―-- 1944 22
11 --―-- --―-- 1935 171
12 --―-- --―-- 1977 82
Total 6060
4.2 - Socio - Economic Situation:-
In earlier days, both rural and urban people mostly depended on firewood for
household cooking. However, dependence on firewood for household cooking has not
decreased significantly in Virajpet division especially in rural areas. But whatever quantity is
received at the depot from the extraction of dead and fallen material is sold locally. This is
also supplemented to a very big extent from the firewood supplies received from the coffee
plantations and other private areas including the redeemed lands.
The other important requirements of the local people are bamboo, timber for house
construction, small timber for agricultural implements and NTFP like honey, tree moss,
cashew, Gulmavu bark, Nellikai, Dhupa seeds etc. The bamboo is used for construction of
dwelling houses by the poor and also used for making baskets, furniture and other bamboo
crafts. MFPs collection is normally being done by LAMP (Large Area Multi Purpose)
Society through its members, who are tribals. Virajpet is well known for timber trade
specially teak. Tithimati teak is noted for its quality and durability. There are 10 sawmills in
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 29
Virajpet division. The demand for timber for construction and for making furniture is steadily
increasing due to change in life style and improvement of socio-economic status of all classes
of people. Due to ban in green felling in the state, the availability of all kinds of timber in
forest department depots is very limited. To meet the increasing demands, the timber
merchants in the private sector have been importing timber mainly teak from abroad which is
a positive trend from the conservation point of view.
4.3 - JFPM Programme And Forest Resource Management:-
One of the fundamental objectives of 1998 Forest Policy is to involve communities in
protecting and restoring forests. The Government of Karnataka had vide order No.
AHFF.232.FAP.86 dated 12-04-1993 and subsequently vide order No. AFEE.50.FAP.2000,
dated 19-06-2002 issued guidelines for JFPM programme in the state. Under F.D.A., 19
EDCs(Devarkadu Thakka Mukyasthara Vedike) were formed. These were formed primarily
to protect and manage Devarakadus. As per the guidelines, 6 Village Forest Committees
(VFCs) have been formed under KSFMBC in order to rehabilitate degraded forests having
less than 0.25 density with the active involvement and participation of local community.
Total 1830 hectares of forest areas having plantations are being managed under JFPM
programme in Virajpet division. Under this programme, both afforestation and entry point
activities have been taken up. In some VFCs, Income Generating Activities (IGA) are taken
up through Self Help Groups (SHGs).The main purpose of formation of VFCs is to address a
variety of problems in protection, regeneration, development and management of forest and
at the same time to improve the livelihood conditions of the people living in the forest fringe
villages by sharing benefits. The detailed socio-economic profile of the VFCs of Virajpet
division based on the micro-plan records is given in Annexure XIII. It is evident from the
socio-economic data that many families from the VFC villages still depend on forest for the
requirement of fodder, fuel wood, small timber, bamboo and other NTFP and medicinal
plants. The weaker section of the society mainly SC, ST, land less people, small farmers and
daily wagers also depend on various forest activities for their livelihood. The effective
implementation of different forestry schemes in the JFPM area is going to fulfill the needs of
the local people considerably in the long run to improve their livelihood condition which will
help in forest conservation and development to retain the forest healthy and protected.
Another user group of forest produce in Virajpet division is the Large Area Multi-
Purpose Society (LAMPS) consisting of members from schedule tribes families. The society
collects NTFP from the forest areas and share the profit among the members.
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 30
CHAPTER V.
5.1 - FIVE YEAR PLANS.
Many poor people including tribals live in and around forest areas and are dependent
on forest resources for their development. Forests meet about 40 percent of the energy needs
of the country of which 80 percent is utilised in rural areas. Forest products play a very
important role in rural and tribal economy as many of these non-timber forest produces
provide sustenance to the rural poor. For landless families, small and marginal farmers, forest
related activities often provide primary source of income. Forest conservation and
development plays role not only in poverty alieviation but also in addressing global concerns
of climate change and in conservation of floral and faunal bio-diversity. The planners and
policy makers all over the world now have realised the economic, ecological and
hydrological values of forests and their contribution for the welfare of the nation.
As per the report of the Working Group for Forestry Sector setup by the Planning
Commission of India to formulate proposals for the 11th
Five Year Plan, it is estimated that
about 270 million tonnes of fuelwood, 280 million tonnes of fodder, over 12 million cubic
meter of timber and countless non-timber forest produces are removed from forests annually.
At a conservative level of pricing, the value of these commodities will approximately
aggregate to over Rs. 27,500 crore per annum. The contribution of forests to India‘s GDP has
varied from 1.0 to 2.5 percent.
The forest cover of India as per 2011 assessment is 692,027 km2 which is 21.05
percent of the total geographical area of the country (India State forest report, 2011). The
over all change in forest cover in the country as compared to the previous assessment of 2009
after making adjustment for interpretational changes is a loss of 367 km2. In case of
Karnataka state, the forest and tree cover is 21.86 percent (tree cover – 2.99 per cent and
forest cover – 18.87 per cent). There has been an increase of 6 km2 in the open forest and a
decrease of 2 km2 in the moderately dense forests and thus an overall 4% increase in forest
cover has been reported as compared to the previous assessment. However, no change of
forest cover has been noticed in Kadagu district. In the past, there has not been a
comprehensive and constant programme structure for forestry. Although plans had specified
objectives and programmes, the main activity under most of them was tree planting. Until
1976, the forest resource was seen as a source of earning revenue for the state and therefore
little was spent for its protection and development. The percentage share of Forestry Sector
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 31
outlay changed from 0.32 percent of the total outlay in the First FYP to 0.94 percent in Eight
FYP. However, the allocation was raised to 1.09 percent in Seventy FYP. In 1976, the
governance of forest came under the concurrent list. ‗Development without destruction‘ and
‗forests for survival‘ were the themes of the next two Five Year Plans aiming at increasing
wildlife reserves and at linking forest development with the tribal economy.
The emphasis of the different Five Year Plans (FYPs) regarding forestry sector was as
follows:
First FYP (1951-1956) and Second FYP (1956-1961) – rehabilitation of degraded
forests, introduction of economic species, survey and demarcation;
Third FYP (1961-1966) and Fourth FYP (1969-1974) – increasing productivity of
forests through fast growing species plantation, scientific assessments and logging;
Fifth FYP (1974-1979) – large scale plantation, social forestry and forest
conservation;
Sixth FYP (1980-1985) – social forestry and fuelwood reserves to save natural forest;
Seventh FYP (1985-1990) – forest conservation, massive afforestation and waste land
development;
Eighth FYP (1992-1997) and Nineth FYP (1997-2002) – Preservation of biological
and genetic diversity (both flora and fauna), protection of forests against biotic
interference, utilisation of wastelands, and promotion of people‘s participation
through Joint Forest Management;
Tenth FYP (2002-2007) – strengthening of infrastructure for forest protection and
preparation of working plans – survey and demarcation of forest areas, regeneration
and eco-development of degraded forests and adjoining areas on watershed basis,
involvement of local people in protection of forests;
Eleventh FYP (2007-2012) – consolidation and strengthening of JFM, regeneration of
bamboo in gregariously flowered area of North Eastern states, identification and
special protection to vegetation areas / habitats having en-dangered, rare, vulnerable
and endemic species; conservation of bio-diversity and capacity building in forestry
sector.
5.1.1 - Virajpet division was created in 1992. Since inception of the division, afforestation
and other forestry activities have been taken up under various schemes. The details of
allotment and expenditures incurred under various plan schemes for the period from 2000-01
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 32
to 2010-11 covering from Nineth Five Year Plan to Eleventh Five Year Plan are enclosed in
Annexure XIV.
During Tenth & Eleventh FYPs, the division raised about3962.00ha plantations in forest land
and other public land. During the same period, 6.23 lakhs seedlings were distributed for
planting on private land.
There are Six Village Forest Committees (VFCs) under JFM programme starting from 1995-
96 to 2007-08 were formed in the division and 1830.00 ha plantations have been raised in the
VFCs area under different schemes involving local people. The major plan schemes
implemented under JFM programme were :
1. CSS-NAP (National Afforestation Programme)
2. KSFMBC (Karnataka sustainable forest management and bio-diversity conservation)
3. CSS-AOFF (Afforestation of Fuel and Fodder)
4. CSS-NTFP (Non Timber Forest Produce)
5. NBM (National Bamboo Mission)
Many afforestation activities were taken up in the non forest area which in turn helped
in protection of many public lands from encroachment and deforestation.
5.1.2 - Suggestion for future forestry activities: For fulfilling the objectives of the FYPs
and keeping in mind the conditions of the natural forests, the following measures are
suggested to be taken up during the plan period :
1. Consolidation of forest areas;
2. Strengthening of infrastructure and capacity building of man power for protection of
forests;
3. Strengthening of JFPM programme;
4. Adequate protection and management of flowered bamboo areas to revive expected
regeneration;
5. Improvement of wildlife habitat;
6. Strategy for reducing man-animal conflict specially in elephant movement areas;
7. Farm forestry to increase tree cover with special measures to suggest alternative crops
in human-elephant conflict zone and in tobacco growing areas;
8. Regeneration of natural species including sandalwood, bamboo and medicinal plants;
9. Control of invasive weeds like Lantana and Eupatorium;
10. Suitable SMC works as per site specific plan in watershed concept.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 33
CHAPTER VI
6.1 - STAFF AND LABOUR SUPPLY
6.1.1 - General.
The optimum strength and quality of staff have direct bearing on the effective and
efficient working of a forest division. With the increasing population the pressure on the
forest has increased manifold. Today, the number of Acts and Rules regulating the
management of forest and tree growth both in government and private lands are far more than
these were in the past. Untrained staff or shortage of trained staff can have adverse effect on
the forest protection and quality of works. The establishment may be categorized as
supervisory, executive and ministerial.
6.1.2 - Staff position:
Virajpet forest division has two sub-divisions with its headquarters in Virajpet and
Thithimathi and has five ranges, namely, Virajpet, Thithimathi, Ponnampet, Makut and
Mundrote ranges. At the supervisory level, i.e. at and above the level of RFO, the staff
strength is adequate. But at the executive level, i.e. at and above the level of Forester, Forest
Guard and Forest Watcher, the staff strength is not adequate. This is due to irregular or no
recruitment at these levels for many years because of economy orders. However, during the
recent years, recruitment at these levels has been regular and there is need to continue this
process to ensure that all the vacant posts are filled. For effective protection and scientific
management of the forests, more posts of beat guards and permanent forest watchers are
required. The beat guards and section foresters should also have respective offices in their
beats and sections. There is also need to strengthen the protection staff with improved
communication equipments. The details of present staff position are given in table below :
Table- 7: The present staff strength in Virajpet Division
Sl.
No. Designation
No. of posts sanctioned and filled as on 30.08.2014
Sanctioned Filled Vacant
1 DCF 1 1 -
2 ACF 2 2 -
3 Manager 1 - 1
4 Superintendent 1 1 -
5 RFO 7 4 3
6 Deputy RFO 39 25 14
7 FDA 8 6 2
8 II Division Surveyor 1 1 -
9 SDA 10 3 7
10 Driver 3 - 3
11 Forest Guard 68 34 34
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 34
12 Forest Watcher 17 1 16
13 I.B.Care taker 2 2 -
14 Police constable 2 - 2
15 Peon (Group D) 9 5 4
Total: 171 85 86
Supernumerary NIL
6.1.3 - Labour Force.
Assured and skilled labour force is extremely essential for successful implementation
of various forestry works. In the past there was not much difficulty in getting labour. The
tribals like Kurubas, Yeravas and Kudiyars who stay in and around the forests were available
for works as unskilled or sometimes as skilled labourers.The skilled labourers were mostly,
malyalis and paniyars who came from the coastal areas and used to work on piece contract
system rather than on daily wages. But now the availability of labour has become scarce as
the local people prefer to work in the private plantations where they earn higher wages than
what is payable as per the departmental SSRs. and get assured work for most part of year.
Besides they need not have to move from place to place as it happens in the forestry works.
Though the local people including the tribals are available for certain works and in some of
the seasons, to overcome labour shortage, especially in respect of skilled labour, workers are
brought from adjoining areas of Kerala State or Mysore district. At present, there are 23
muster rolls daily wage workers in the division.
6.1.4 - Wage Rates
The laborers engaged in forestry operations are paid as per the rates of Common
Sanctioned Schedule of Rates (SSRs) of forest department for various items of works. There
are different wage rates for different category of daily wage mazdoors. The common SSRs
are revised time to time at state level by the Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (HOF)
based on the guidelines of Labor Department on minimum wage. The wage rates in the forest
department have been revised again by the PCCF(HOFF), Bangalore vide O.M No:
D1/BUD/R-61/2014-15, dated: 05.05.2014. As per the recent revised SSRs, the per day wage
rates for skilled labour, semi-skilled labour and unskilled labour are Rs.289.04, Rs.269.04
and Rs.259.04respectively. The category wise daily wage mazdoors and wage rates
sanctioned for the year 2014-15 is given in the Annexure XV. As per the Government Order
dated: 11-06-2009 and as per the PCCF Office O.M. No: D-1/BUD/CR-97/2009-10, dated:
10-07-2009, there is a provision to pay additional amount of Rs.1000/- per month to the daily
wage workers who have been taken for different forestry activities within the period from 01-
07-1984 to 29-01-1990 and who have been continuously working in the department.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 35
CHAPTER VII.
7.1 - PAST SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT
7.1.1 - GENERAL HISTORY OF MANAGEMENT
History of scientific management of the forests of Coorg province dates back to 1865
when the Forest conservancy department was organized in the province, which was a part of
British India. The rules for management of these forests were first introduced in 1865 and
subsequently modified in 1871. Later on, in 1887, the Indian Forest Act of 1878 was
extended to Coorg. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, several plantation crops like
coffee, cardamom, orange etc. were introduced and large patches of forests were cleared
either for raising these plantation crops or for agriculture. Gradually one third of the area of
the province was set aside as reserved forests and remaining areas were to be used for other
purposes. Some wooded areas were kept out of reservation to meet the local demands of
various forest produce. Devamachi and Mavkal reserved forests were constituted in 1891 and
other two reserved forests of the division viz. Padinalknad and Kerti were constituted in 1906
and 1908 respectively.
Soon after the constitution of reserved forests, plans were prepared for their scientific
and systematic management. The first working plan of the deciduous forests of Devamachi
and Mavkal was prepared in 1894. Again during 1899, a fresh working plan was prepared for
Devamachi and Mavukal covering the entire reserved forests. Dissatisfied with exploitation
system and injurious results of the above plans, Tireman prepared a new working plan in
1912. During 1916 Tireman prepared the first working plan for the Ghat forests in and around
Makut. Brand's plan introduced during 1933 was mostly for the deciduous forests. During
1933, Van Haeften prepared a plan for Makut Range, which was in operation for 10 years.
Rangaswamy‘s plan was for 15 years from 1940 onwards. Then came the three plans of
Somaiah for Ghat forests, moist deciduous forests and sandal forests for 1954-1974, 1957-
1972 and 1959-1974 respectively. The working plan by Akbar Shah for 1987- 1996 was for
the old Madikeri division that included Padinalknad and Kerti reserved forests of the present
Virajpet division. Alva‘s plan (1978-79 to 2002-03) for old Hunsur division includes
Devamachi and Mavkal reserved forests of the present Virajpet division.
The plans prepared towards the end of nineteenth century or in the first half of
twentieth century were mostly for specific area or locality with specific objects of
management and therefore did not cover the forests of entire Coorg province. From 1867 up
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 36
to 1916, permits were issued to the West Coast merchants allowing them to remove timber
from any part of forests. But after the introduction of working plans, selection system was
adopted to remove only mature and over mature trees followed by suitable tending operations
for improving the growing stock. Between 1918 and 1925, extraction of Poon timber was
done around Sollekolly on a scheme sanctioned by the then government to meet the growing
demand of the species which was found suitable for the manufacture of Aircraft propellers. In
1919, on the advice of George Hart, the then Inspector General of Forests, regeneration
fellings were carried out in Barpole valley with successful results. In 1926 certain regulations
were introduced in the selection fellings and GBH was restricted to 1.22 m. The Kumri
system in the evergreen forests, which was introduced in 1902, was abolished in 1922. The
tapping of Hardwickia trees for wood tar that was introduced in 1946 was discontinued in
1948 in view of its adverse effects on the forests. By this time, under the selection system,
felling of mature trees limiting to only certain number per hectare was introduced.
Since the early days of forest management, lots of efforts were made to extend the
area under Teak. Teak plantations were raised from 1868 to 1989 regularly at various
intervals. In 1898 about 307.567 ha of teak plantations were raised in Makut range. During
the year 1890, Taungya cultivation was introduced in teak plantation. However the result was
mixed in nature. During 1925 the system of clear felling forests followed by concentrated
artificial regeneration of teak was introduced as per Brand‘s working plan and continued up
to 1932. Bamboo plantations of species like Dendrocalamus strictus, Dendrocalamus
gigantia, Bambusa bomboos, Bamboosa arundinaceae etc. were also raised between 1913 to
1927 to provide material required for floating of heavier logs. Subsequently, with the
improvement in facilities for transportation of timber, raising of bamboo plantation was
discontinued. From 1945 to 1951, attempts were made to raise miscellaneous species like
Rosewood, Nandi, Honne, Mathi along with Teak in some of the regeneration areas.
In Somaiah‘s working plan conservation oriented management approach was adopted
by prescribing the removal of only mature and over mature trees under the selection system.
The sensitive, inaccessible degraded/over exploited areas were grouped in the protection-
working circle so that regular exploitation of trees in such areas may be prevented.
Grasslands were proposed to be brought under plantations. He had left a large extent of areas
unallotted in his plan leaving these for future working. Because of adverse effect of
Cardamom cultivation on the surrounding evergreen forest he recommended for the ban on
such cultivation in forests.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 37
For the deciduous forests, Somaiah constituted the conversion-working circle by
combining the conversion-working circle I and conversion working circle II of Mr
Rangaswamy‘s plan as the objectives of these two working circles were the same. In this
conversion-working circle he divided the area into periodic blocks. In the periodic block ‗C‘
he included all plantations formed till 1957 and had given prescriptions of thinning and
tending operations. In periodic block (I) he proposed clear felling and planting during the
plan period. In the periodic block (Unallotted) he included all the remaining areas. Part of the
area from the unallotted periodic block was to be brought under conversion during the next
working plan period; however for the balance area he suggested working under selection
method (subsidiary coupes) adopting a felling cycle of 30 years and a minimum exploitable
girth of 7 feet at breast height.
The same approach of conservation oriented management continued in the last
working plan of Akbar Shah. Besides, keeping the inaccessible and sensitive areas under
protection working circle he also constituted the wildlife working circle with emphasis on
habitat improvement in such areas and providing various protective measures for the safety of
wildlife. However subsequently these wildlife areas have been brought under the independent
administrative control of wildlife subdivision for exclusive wildlife management. Under the
selection working circle he adopted a felling cycle of 20 years and prescribed for limits on
number and size of trees to be felled. Degraded forest areas in the reserved forests as well as
in the Paisari lands were brought under the Improvement working circle. As the main
objective of this working circle was to improve the growing stock, tending operations, under
planting, gap planting etc. were prescribed. In addition, to maintain hygienic conditions and
protect the forests from fire and pilferage, removal of dead and fallen trees was prescribed as
a general treatment in one twentieth of the area coming under this category every year. For
raising plantations in the forest lands and other non-forest government lands Regeneration
working circle was constituted. In the Teak working circle various works like thinning of
existing teak plantations, improvement works in the teak dominant areas, clear felling of
unwanted growth in degraded areas to raise teak plantations and, after the rotation age,
extraction and regeneration of older teak plantations areas etc., were prescribed. Bamboo was
to be managed under culm selection system. For Sandalwood, removal of only dead trees
followed by natural as well as artificial regeneration was recommended. Other working
circles constituted under this plan were Minor Forest Produce overlapping working circle,
Plantation working circle, Canes working circle and Reeds working circle.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 38
Akbar Shah's Working Plan did not cover the deciduous areas of Devamachi and
Mavkal reserved forests. These areas were covered in the working plan of old Hunsur
division written by Alva for the period of 1978-79 to 2002-03. In his working plan he
constituted the Teak plantation working circle in which all the older plantations which were
to be felled were grouped, keeping in view the rotation age of 80 years. These areas were
proposed to be replanted. In the Selection cum Improvement working circle, the degraded
areas with poor regeneration were brought in. The exploitable GBH prescribed was 1.23 m
subject to the condition that 100 to 150 trees should be retained after marking and gaps of
more than 25 feet should not be created. Along with this, dead, dying and diseased trees
should also be removed. After extraction such areas were recommended for planting with
miscellaneous species. In bamboo overlapping working circle, extraction of bamboos was
prescribed under culm selection system with 5 years of felling cycle. It is stated in the
working plan that bamboo had flowered gregariously in these forests in 1964 and it normally
flowers once in 35 to 40 years. In the Sandalwood overlapping working circle, extraction of
only dead, dying and diseased trees was recommended. Some other working circles like
Wildlife management working circle, Minor Forest Produce working circle etc. were also
constituted.
Though Akbar Shah‘s Working Plan expired in 1996, Alva‘s plan was still in
currency. However, due to the ban on felling of green trees in forests, the prescriptions of
these plans were not given effect to. But a closer look at the forests worked earlier reveals
that the practice of allocating all available areas for working under selection system on a
general principle of limiting the number of trees per unit area without considering the
stocking and distribution pattern has resulted in either depletion of the stock or overcrowding
of mature trees in patches. Unfortunately the prescriptions of Somaiah's plans were also not
implemented properly. The areas kept aside for protection were worked without considering
the extent of operations and period of felling cycle. Records were not maintained in a manner
as prescribed either in the working plan or in the code. This defective implementation of
working plan caused wide spread degradation of forests and in some areas it is responsible
for retrogression of the climax vegetation where changes have become irreversible.
The policy decision regarding ban on felling of green trees was primarily concerned
with the Conversion working circle and the Selection working circle and not with the other
working circles prescribed in the working plans. If all other prescriptions of the working
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 39
plans were followed strictly along with the ban on felling of green trees, the forests would
have improved much better in the last fifteen years. Unfortunately the ban on green felling
was used to justify all the unsystematic working in the forests. All the accessible areas, which
were already burdened with a variety of adverse biotic factors, were repeatedly worked for
the removal of dead and fallen trees. The selection of area for working, determining the
extent to be worked or quantity to be removed was left to subordinate staff. Such adhocism
and arbitrariness caused irreparable damage to regeneration in the natural forests. The present
condition of forests especially in the deciduous belt is degraded. Uncontrolled grazing and
repeated ground fires have caused further deterioration. No care was taken to maintain the
records about the details of extraction or deviations made in a particular area as prescribed in
the working plan. Thinning and other tending operations in the older teak plantations were
left to the discretion of local staff.
In the failed plantations or wherever big gaps were created weeds like Lantana and
Eupatorium have invaded with the result that regeneration has become almost negligible.
Similar effects can be seen in case of management of other forest produce like Bamboo,
Canes, Reeds, MFPs etc. As the prescriptions of the current working plan of Alva for
Mavukal and Devamachai areas have not at all been followed for various reasons, it is
appropriate to revise the plan as per the present government policies/guidelines so as to have
a complete working plan of this newly created Virajpet division.
In the past, evergreen forests, areas were leased out for Cardamom cultivation to
various people. Up to 1941, roughly 5475.56 hectares of forests were leased out for this
purpose for a period of 21 years. This cultivation was earlier practiced by the method known
as Plot Method, which was subsequently changed to plantation method. But in view of its
adverse effect on the evergreen forests, it was recommended in the last working plan to
terminate the left over leases, if any, and resume back such leased areas for restocking and
with this view Cardamom cultivation in forest was to be completely eliminated. Subsequently
in 1975 after the expiry of leases all these areas have been resumed back by the department.
In view of this there is no need to consider this issue any more in the plan.
History of management of Sandalwood forests is very old in Coorg. As in the past,
areas were reserved based on their potential for growing good timber species and occurrence
of sandalwood was not a criterion in this regard. It was found that better Sandal growing
areas were in Paisari lands than in reserved forests. Before 1899, Sandalwood was collected
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 40
through private agencies and contractors were given the target of average yield per annum,
which was fixed at 110 tonnes and subsequently revised to 200 tonnes. The payment was
made on the basis of rates fixed for the exploitation of per tonne of Sandalwood. Efforts were
also made to raise Sandalwood plantations, the technique of which was changed to sowing of
seeds during the time of Tireman with good results. From 1925 to 1930, the extraction of
fixed and predetermined yield was stopped and preference was given only for the removal of
dead and dying trees. Till 1930 Sandal-bearing areas were not worked under any plan or
scheme. In 1930, after carrying out preliminary enumeration, a scheme was introduced. Later
on, in Rangaswamy‘s working plan for the period 1940 to 1955, detailed prescriptions for the
management of Sandalwood growing in various types of land and under various conditions
were given. Thereafter, in view of its increased prices and consequently increased smuggling
problems, the growing stock started depleting fast. This necessiated removal of only dead,
dying and diseased Sandalwood in the subsequent plans.
In the recent past the working was done on the above line on the basis of the annual
schemes prepared in the division. In Makut and Mudrote ranges, while salvaging dead and
fallen material, mainly hardwood was extracted. The quantity of rosewood and teak salvaged
was very less. There is considerable variation in the quantity of material salvaged from year
to year. Some of the compartments were worked repeatedly in Thithimathi range. Besides
salvaging of hardwood timber, damaged poles from plantations and firewood were also
extracted. Here also, some areas were worked repeatedly without having any regard to past
working. In case of teak plantations also, thinnings were not done systematically. This
resulted in overcrowding of stems in many plantations. Bamboo was extracted mainly from
Thithimathi and Mundrote ranges. Extraction was done departmentally and bamboos were
sold to Medars and public. The working was based on the requirement and did not have any
bearing with the potential of the bamboo resources in the area. As Canes were over-exploited
in the past, there is no need to resume its extraction during this plan period. Though 43 kinds
of minor forest produce are listed in the division, the collection of only some of them is being
done presently. Except Cashew the lease for the collection of other minor forest produce is
being given to Large Area Multipurpose (LAMP) Society, Thithimathi. The collection of
Gulmavu chakke (bark of Machilus macarantha) and exudation of Vateria indica and
Canarium strictum (black and white dammer) has caused severe damage to the trees.
Similarly collection of oil from the Hardwickia pinnata trees also caused damage to them.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 41
Therefore these items have been deleted from the list of minor forest produces to be collected
in the division.
7.1.2 - The reasons for the deviation from the approved plans were:
1. Government order banning the felling of green trees in the forest.
2. Reorganisation of divisions and consequently changes in the areas of prescribed
felling series.
3. Due to the change in the priorities of management in the National park and
Sanctuary areas.
4. Paucity of funds and their untimely releases.
5. Number of posts remaining vacant in the division.
6. Change in the demand pattern over a period of time.
7.1.3 - Virajpet division was created in 1992 by carving out portions of old Madikeri and old
Hunsur divisions. There is no working plan prepared exclusively for Virajpet division. The
working plan of old Madikeri division was written by Mr. A. Akbar Shah IFS and that of old
Hunsur division was written by Mr. U.T. Alva IFS. Akbar Shah‘s plan (1987-96) expired in
1996. Although Alva‘s plan was still in currency (1978-79 – 2002-03), in view of the re-
organization of areas and changed circumstances its revision has been necessitated. In view
of the reorganization of areas and also because of the fact that the situation prevailing prior to
1978 when Alva‘s plan was written had considerably changed, it was decided to write a plan
covering the newly created Hunsur forest division and the first Working Plan of the division
was written by Shri Ajai Misra for the period 2001-02 to 2010-11. Ajai Misra‘s working plan
prescribed the following working circles: to achieve the objects in view and to exploit the
forests without endangering their character, and also to improve their present condition.
1. Protection working circle,
2. Improvement working circle,
3. Teak plantation working circle,
4. Bamboo overlapping working circle,
5. Sandal wood overlapping working circle,
6. Minor Forest Produce working circle, and
7. Miscellaneous regulations (JFPM working circle)
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 42
7.2 - Review of implementation of Working Plan of Virajpet Division written by shri
Ajay Misra
The area allotted to different working circles is as under:
Table – 8: Details of area allotted under different working circles
Sl
No
Name of the
working circle
Reserved
forest area
in ha.
Non forest
area in ha.
Other areas
(including private
lands) in ha.
Total
1 Protection working
circle 25248.11 --- --- 25248.11
2 Improvement
working circle 4777.50 --- --- 4777.50
3 Teak Plantation
working circle 2309.00 --- --- 2309.00
4 Bamboo overlapping
working circle 4695.36 82.21 --- 4779.59
5
Sandal wood
overlapping working
circle
29217.10 102589.02 69366.52 142447.64
6
Minor forest
produce overlapping
working circle
29217.10 10641.52 40957.33 80815.95
7
Miscellaneous
regulations (JFPM
working circle)
--- 4348.02 --- 4348.02
Total : 36682.76
7.2.1 - Progress of implementation of the prescriptions of the working plans:
7.2.2 – Protection Working Circle : Makut and Mundrote Ranges of this Division comes
under this working circle comprising of 25248.11 Ha area. No logging including removal of
dead and fallen trees was permitted except salvaging of dead and fallen trees of Rosewood,
White cedar and Aini found in the dry season as and when found. Gap planting/ under
planting in suitable area of an extent of 10-20 ha every year both in Makut and Mundrote
ranges was prescribed.
Progress of implementation : No logging including removal of dead and fallen trees
was carried out during the plan period. Regeneration works like gap planting, Seed sowing,
planting of mixed species, canes and bamboos were taken up. The details of regeneration
works are given below.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 43
Table – 9: Details of regeneration works taken up
Sl.
No.
Name of the
Range Year Extent Name of scheme
1 Makut 2001-02 - -
2 --―-- 2002-03 - -
3 --―-- 2003-04 - -
4 --―-- 2004-05 75.00 KFDF
5 --―-- 2005-06 - -
6 --―-- 2006-07 40.00 KSFMBC, TFC
7 --―-- 2007-08 - -
8 --―-- 2008-09 90.00 KSFMBC, TFC, KFDF
9 --―-- 2009-10 157.50 KFDF, KSFMBC
10 --―-- 2010-11 125.00 FPR&CO, DDF
11 Mundrote 2001-02 - -
12 --―-- 2002-03 34.00 Fuel & fodder
13 --―-- 2003-04 - -
14 --―-- 2004-05 50.00 KFDF
15 --―-- 2005-06 130.00 KSFMBC (Model-1)
16 --―-- 2006-07 86.47 DDF, KSFMBC (Model-1)
17 --―-- 2007-08 175.00 12th
Finance & KSFMBC
18 --―-- 2008-09 225.00 TFC, KFDF, KSFMBC
19 --―-- 2009-10 180.00 KFDF, FPR&CO & KSFMBC
20 --―-- 2010-11 35.00 KSFMBC (Model-2 & 4)
7.2.3 - Improvement working circle: This working circle consistsed of forest areas of
Devamachi and Mavukal reserve forests and surrounding paisary lands of Thithimathi ange.
The total area under this working circle was 4777.59 ha.
Details of activities proposed and carried out:
Activities proposed:
Salvage logging followed by improvement operations was proposed in Tithimathi
Series comprised of 10 blocks for 10 year felling cycle. For improvement operations gap
planting/under planting, tending operations, protection or by their combination in a block of
area not exceeding 100 ha. per annum were proposed. Rigid protection of the treated area
from fire was prescribed.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 44
Implementation of the prescriptions:
Salvaging operations:
Salvaging of dead and fallen trees has been carried out during 2001-02, 2002-03, 2006-07,
2007-08, 2008-09 and 2009-10 depending upon the availability of funds. The details of
blockwise quantity of dead and fallen timber removed are given below.
Table – 10: Details of blockwise quantity of dead and fallen timber removed
Year State Forest Coup No.
/Block
Area
included in
the working
circle in ha.
Quantity of
timber
extracted in
cum.
Revenue
realized (Rs.)
Area
Worked
(ha)
2001-02 Mavukal No. 1 507.50 809.052
9708624.00 507.50
2002-03 Mavukal No. 2 435.00 338.099 4395287.00 435.00
2003-04 Mavukal No. 3 400.36 Nil - Nil
2004-05 Devamachi No. 4 262.50 Nil - Nil
2005-06 Mavukal No. 5 275.00 Nil - Nil
2006-07 Mavukal No. 6 487.50 417.825 6267375.00 487.50
2007-08 Devamachi No. 7 677.50 673.598 19788182.00 677.50
2008-09 Devamachi No. 8 605.00 410.708 11599406.00 605.00
2009-10 Devamachi No. 9 460.00 537.742 21944670.00 460.00
2010-11 Mavukal No. 10 585.00 Nil - Nil
Improvement and regeneration operations: In the area salvaged during the year 2001-02
regeneration operations in the form of gap planting was carried out over 47.35 ha under DDF
scheme during 2005-06. The delay was due to unavailability of funds following the year of
salvaging.
As the forest is more degraded, the plan also prescribed raising of plantations with
suitable local miscellaneous species wherever required up to 100 ha per block. The yearwise
details of regeneration works taken up are given below.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 45
Table 11: Regeneration/Improvement works carried out under the Improvement Working
Circle in Thithimathi Range.
Year Village/
Location
Compart
ment No.
Extent
(in ha)
Total Extent
(in ha) Scheme Species planted
2005-06
Singanur
(Bhadragola) 16 47.35
147.35
DDF Miscellaneous
Singanur
(Bhadragola) 16 100.00
KSFMBC
Model-1
Seed dibbling of mixed
species and SMC works
2006-07
Bhadragola
(Mathigodu,
Singanur)
16 20.00 20.00 KSFMBC Mixed
2007-08
Bhadragola,
Chennangi,
Maldare,
Chennanakote
16
18
19
18
50.00
75.00
75.00
50.00
250.00 KSFMBC Mixed
2008-09
Devamachi
Chennanakote
Bhadragola
Maldare
Chennangi
16
18
16
19
18
12.50
100.00
120.00
95.00
90.00
417.50
DDF
KSFMBC
--‗—
--―—
--―—
Mixed
2009-10 Devamachi 16 25.00 25.00 KSFMBC Mixed
2010-11 Akkimala
Devamachi
16
18
30.00
35.00 65.00
KFDF-03
KSFMBC Mixed
2011-12
Chennangi
Devamachi
Chennangi
Bhadragola
16 & 17
16
17 & 19
18
25.00
5.00
64.00
20.00
114.00
TFC
DDF
KFDF-03
KFDF
Mixed
2012-13 Chennangi 19 20.00 20.00 DDF Mixed
2013-14
Devamachi
Bhadragola
Chennangi
18
18
18
143.00
50.00
50.00
243.00
TFC
KFDF
Bamboo
mission
Mixed
Details of year wise plantations are given in Annexure – XIX(a).
7.2.4 - Teak Plantation Management Working Circle: This working circle consistsed of
the forest areas in the Devamachi & Mavukal SF which are under teak plantations. The total
area of this working circle was 2309.04 ha.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 46
Method of treatment: As per the approved Working Plan, the thinning schedule of
plantations and the realizable yield/revenue are as under.
Table 12: Realisable yield and revenue from thinning of teak plantations in Virajpet
Division From 2001-02 To 2008-09.
Sl
no Year Ext (ha)
No. of
stems
as per
WP
(per
ha)
No. of
trees to
be
retained
(per ha)
As per WP
Yield Revenue
(Rs. in lakhs)
Poles
(nos)
Timber
(m)3 Poles Timber
1 2000-01 176.83 6151 5214 12640 766.39 6.51 15.33
2 2001-02 169.87 4743 3750 15682 930.60 7.91 18.61
3 2002-03 184.56 6432 5321 26863 805.95 6.85 161.19
4 2003-04 253.21 5699 4733 25996 1182.43 10.05 236.48
5 2004-05 157.50 5965 4928 22005 1563.20 13.28 312.64
6 2005-06 229.90 4752 3956 29902 1397.53 11.87 279.50
7 2006-07 117.77 2929 2415 13686 1439.82 12.24 287.96
8 2007-08 64.80 1770 1450 6780 368.75 3.13 73.75
9 2008-09 78.0 2380 2060 9034 371.00 3.15 74.20
10 2009-10 - - - - - - -
11 2010-11 - - - - - - -
Thinning/extractions: While thinning schedules have been prescribed by the plan, no
thinnings have been carried out in the division during the currency of the plan period so far.
The reasons attributed for not carrying out of thinnings include:
Late approval received for the working plan: The plan period was 2001-2002 with the
approval given on 16/10/2001. However, thinning schedule was given from 2000-01.
Suspension of the Working plan by the GOI during 2002-03: The working plans of
Karnataka were suspended by GOI on 11/10/2002 and revoked on 4th
March, 2003, vide
Letter No. F.No.9-16-20002(ROHQ)
Actual no. of trees in some of the plantations were less than the number of stems to be
retained after thinning.
Problem faced in identification of some of the individual plantations.
Consequently, only elephant damaged trees were removed. The details of the trees
removed is as under.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 47
Table 13: Yield realization from removal of elephant damaged poles/trees from Teak
plantations, Virajpet division
Sl
no Year
Actual Removals (Elephant damaged stems)
Yield Revenue
(Rs.in lakhs) from
timber and poles Poles**
(nos)
Timber
(m)3
1 2000-01 --- --- ---
2 2001-02 --- --- ---
3 2002-03 6060 --- 12.73
4 2003-04 --- --- ---
5 2004-05 4056 36.686 16.54
6 2005-06 10009 127.131 53.90
7 2006-07 --- Nil ---
8 2007-08 --- Nil
-- 9 2008-09 12392 168.042 95.74
10 2009-10 10218 313.168 160.71
11 2010-011 2210 33.911 34.32
12 2011-12 - -
13 2012-13 - -
The removal of elephant damaged trees was done by going over the entire area of teak
plantations in each compartment. The figures have been aggregated for the entire
compartment as details of extractions from individual plantations being not maintained.
Consequently it is difficult to ascertain the actual removals from each plantation, to relate to
the existing plant population. Hence it is advisable to make enumeration lists of elephant
damaged trees individual plantation wise to enable recording of yield from each plantation.
The approved plan prescribed the thinning regime based on certain number of trees in
each plantation. However, the DCF pointed out that the number of stems in plantations were
less than the actual number mentioned in the Working Plan. Consequently the thinnings was
not done. This may not be true in all the plantations. The problem also has been compounded
due to heavy elephant damage in the forests of Devamachi and Mavukal. Consequently the
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 48
prescription for thinning has not been implemented leading to a set back to the objective of
improving the quality of remaining stand.
Tending operations: The plan prescribed tending of plantations at least once in ten years.
However, it was reported that tending operations were not carried out during the plan
period so far, and also at least 10 years preceding the sanction of the plan. While no
reasons were forthcoming for the non-implementation of the prescriptions, the local
officials were in agreement with the need for carrying out of the tending operations to
improve the quality of the remaining stands. It was suggested that a plan be prepared for
taking up the tending works over the plantation areas.
Identification of plantation area: The plan prescribed to affix plantations boards for
individual plantation to avoid confusion of area and its boundary. It was intimated that 50
% of the plantations had boards. The work of providing suitable boards/plates for
identification of remaining teak plantations, which is yet to be done, should be taken up.
Regeneration: The plan proposed to raise fresh teak plantations in the place of failed teak
plantations that are totally covered with weeds. However no such plantations were raised
in the fear that the plantation wouldn‘t come due to elephant movement.
7.2.5 - Bamboo Overlapping Working Circle: This over lapping working circle consisted
of forest areas of the Devamachi & Mavukal forests. The proportion of the big bamboo was
more than the small bamboo. The total area under this category in these forests is 4777.59 ha
Method of treatment prescribed: It was expected that bamboo would gregariously flower
during 2004-05 i.e., the plan period. Hence in view of the expected gregarious flowering of
bamboo in these forests in the coming years a shorter felling cycle of three years was
prescribed. This was done to facilitate in going over each of the area twice before the
occurrence of flowering so that about 2/3 of the material could be removed over this period in
a phased manner instead of doing the same at a time. The left over culms, required for
seeding purpose, were proposed to be removed without much difficulty after the shedding of
seeds. The entire area was divided into 9 felling series, with 3 coupes in each felling series, to
be worked on a felling cycle of 3 years.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 49
In view of the expected gregarious flowering and the consequent profuse seeding, no artificial
regeneration was prescribed. On the same grounds, no separate cultural operations were
prescribed except for cultural operations for small bamboo on need basis.
Implementation of prescriptions: During the plan period so far, bamboo areas have not
been worked at all, except removals of bamboo for meeting the demand for retail supply to
medars, as ordered by the Conservator of Forests. The prescribed area and actual area worked
are given below:
Table – 14: Details of green bamboo extracted from different coups
Year
Area to be worked (in ha)
in Felling Series
Total (ha)
No. of
Green
bamboo
(Big)
extracted,
Revenue
(Rs.) Devamachi Mavukal
2000-01 Coup I --- 1565.12 - -
2001-02 --- Coup II 1565.12 320 16551.00
2002-03 Coup III --- 1565.12 860 18690.00
2003-04 --- Coup I 1565.12 980 47695.00
2004-05 Coup II --- 1565.12 1705 57787.00
2005-06 --- Coup III 1565.12 2207 53972.00
2006-07 Coup I --- 1565.12 3955 87779.00
2007-08 --- Coup II 1565.12 3985 64707.00
2008-09 Coup III --- 1565.12 3480 72537.00
2009-10 --- Coup I 1565.12 4606 -
2010-11 Coup II --- 1565.12 3321 -
Extraction of Green big bamboo has been done on a very small scale mainly from
coupe I, II and III of Thithimathi Felling Series (CPT 16, 17, 18 and 19) to meet the demands
of medars & locals, as sanctioned by the CF, Kodagu circle. The details of the extraction are
as under:
The non-working of the areas has been attributed to the following reasons:
The extraction scheduled for 2000-01 and 2001-02 could not be done due to non-
existence of approved working plan and late receipt of the approval of the working plan,
respectively. There was also demand from the local people to retain green bamboos for
elephant for mitigating human elephant conflict in the surrounding villages.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 50
7.2.6 - Sandalwood overlapping working circle: This working circle consisted of the entire
geographical area of the division. The total area under this working circle is 1410.48 sq km.
Method of treatment prescribed: The WC covered both forest and non-forest areas with
each Range designated as a felling series, to be worked on a felling cycle of one year. Dead
trees, stumps and roots of illicitly felled trees and trees with spike disease (with permission of
CF) were permitted to be extracted. The plan also prescribed to raise 10 ha plantation in each
of four compartments (16, 17, 18 & 19) of Thithimathi Range starting from the year 2003-04.
The plan prescribed regeneration through dibbling in Improvement Working Circle areas.
Implementation of prescriptions:
Extraction: No specific extraction operations have been carried out in case of sandal wood.
However, extraction of illicitly cut roots and stumps etc along with Forest Offence cases has
been done. The quantity of sandalwood collected from such sources and was transported to
Sandal Kote, Mysore has been given below.
Table 15 : Quantity of sandalwood transported to the Sandal Kote, Mysore
Sl. No. Year Quantity in K.G
1 2001-02 22
2 2002-03 -
3 2003-04 110
4 2004-05 -
5 2005-06 7.30
6 2006-07 21.50
7 2007-08 -
8 2008-09 -
9 2009-10 19.50
10 2010-11 65
11 2011-12 132
The available materials were removed as and when were noticed on regular basis.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 51
7.2.7 - Minor forest produce overlapping working circle: This working circle consistsed of
all the forests and non-forest government lands coming under territorial jurisdiction of
Virajpet forest division. The total area under this working circle is 80815.95 ha.
Method of treatment prescribed: The plan prescribed the continuation of the lease system
of sale to the LAMPS. It prescribed diversification of activities of LAMPS through value
addition activities. The Plan also prescribed a baseline survey for the assessment of various
NTFPs during the plan period, to assess the sustained yield.
Implementation of prescriptions: Earlier the division was disposing NTFPs through a lease
agreement with LAMPS on upset rate basis. In pursuance of the GO No. FEE 10 FDP 2001,
dated 20th
July, 2001, the rights for collection of the NTFP in the division have been given to
the LAMPS Thithimathi, on an annual lease rent of Rs.100. Consequently the LAMPS has
been collecting and disposing the MFPs. The details of the NTFPs collected by the society
and the revenue are as under:
Table – 16: Details of the NTFPs collected by LAMPS
Year Kind of NTFPs
Collected
Revenue to the
LAMPS (Rs)
Revenue to
the Govt.
(Rs.)
Regeneration
fund by
LAMPS (Rs.)
2001-02
Seegekayi,Honey,
Tree Moss,
Antuwala, Honey
Wax, Soap Nut,
Cashew, Booruga
Flower and
Alalekayi
4133042.00 100/- ---
2002-03 3878282.00 100/- ---
2003-04 2222400.00 100/- 26370.00
2004-05 2132724.00 100/- 2835.00
2005-06 1981241.00 100/- ---
2006-07 1305000.00 100/- ---
2007-08 845960.00 100/- ---
2008-09 1312650.00 100/- ---
2009-10 1183380.00 100/- ---
2010-11 659500.00 100/- ---
2011-12 132462.00 100/- ---
2012-13 1366041.00 100/- ---
2013-14 1255485.00 100/- ---
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 52
The GO also mandates that 25 % of the net profits realized by the LAMPS shall be
earmarked for regeneration/improvement of the NTFP. The regeneration works are to be
carried out by the LAMPS in consultation with the Forest Department. LAMPS has deposited
during 2003-04 and 04-05 a sum of Rs.29205/-.
MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS
7.2.8 - JFPM activities :
Under Forest Development Agency, 19 EDC‘s are formed in this Division. The details are
here under.
Table – 17: Details of VFCs / EDCs
Sl No Name of the Range Name of the EDCs
1 Virajpet (9) Kadanur
2 Palangala
3 Devanageri
4 Arapattu Podavada
5 Heggala
6 Betoli
7 Halugunda
8 Bilugunda
9 Mythadi
10 Ponnampet (8) Aruvathoklu
11 Halligattu
12 Mugutageri
13 Badagarakeri
14 Kuttandi
15 Rudraguppe-1
16 Kongageri
17 V. Badaga
18 Thithimathi (2) Hebbale Bhadragola
19 Chennayyanakote Chennangi
Details of Physical and Financial Achievements of EDC‘s in afforestation programme are
given below:
Table – 18: Details of physical and financial targets of afforestation programme
achieved
Sl No Name of the EDC Physical Financial
1 Betoli 10.68 ha 133206.00
2 Devanageri 10.00 125745.00
3 Arapattu 21.00 266519.00
4 Palangala 48.00 545986.00
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 53
5 Heggala 43.00 518247.00
6 Kadanuru 13.00 162142.00
7 Mythadi 10.00 126164.00
8 Halugunda 11.00 137197.00
9 Bilugunda 8.00 99778.00
10 Rudraguppe I 11.00 115891.00
11 Aravathoklu 13.00 201980.00
12 Halligattu 9.00 121417.00
13 Kuttandi 8.00 103286.00
14 V Badaga 50.00 558540.00
15 Konangeri 18.00 222735.00
16 Badagara Keri 12.00 166108.00
17 Mugutageri 28.00 338741.00
18 Chennayyanakote 49.00 421608.00
19 Hebbale Bhadragola 26.00 320456.00
Total 398.68 4685746.00
Along with the plantation works List of Entry Point Activities done and the details are given
in table below:
Table – 19: List of Entry Point Activities done
Sl
No Name of the EDC Kind of Entry Point Activities
1 Kadanur Pond de-silting
2 Palangala Open Well, Jarubandi, Arch gate, Gully checks
3 Devanageri Temple Gate
4 Arapattu Podavada Pond de-silting, Bhagavathi Temple Repair, Ganapathi
Temple Repair
5 Heggala Toilet, Water Pump and Syntax Tank, Check dam
6 Betoli Temple Open Well
7 Halugunda Stone bench, Play ground, Pond de-silting
8 Bilungunda Leveling of existing school play ground, Pond de-silting
9 Mythadi Pond de-silting, Tar Road
10 Aruvathoklu Pond de-silting, Temple Arch & Cement bench
11 Halligattu Pond de silting, Arch gate
12 Mugutageri Arch Gate, Open ring well, Electricity to temple
13 Badagarakeri Open community hall
14 Kuttandi Temple Arch & Gate
15 Rudraguppe – I Temple repair
16 Konangeri Pond de silting, temple construction, Temple arch
17 V. Badaga Pond de silting, Temple compound, Community hall,
Arch gate
18 Hebbale Bhadragola Arch gate, Pond de silting
19 Chennayyanakote
Chennangi Gully checks, Check dam & Solar lamps
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 54
A brief account of work done from 2011-12 to 2013-14 is given in table - 20 form
below. During this period no salvaging works were carried out. A separate working scheme
for the year 2012-13 prepared and submitted by the division was sanctioned by the Central
Government vide letter No: F(C.)A/11.6/18/WP/KAR dated: 01.04.2013. The details of
sanctioned schemes are given in Annexure IV.
Table – 20: Details of activities carried out during 2011-12 to 2013-14
Year
Elephant barrier Plantations
raised (in ha)
Seedlings distributed (in lakhs)
EPT (in Kms) Solar Fence (in Kms)
Excavation Maintenance New
installation Maintenance
2011-12 1.2 13.45 7.5 3.924 194 0.503
2012-13 1.5 22.76 - 34.24 263 1.989
2013-14 2.16 29 3.55 8 816 2.57
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 55
CHAPTER - VIII
8.1 - STATISTICS OF STOCKING, GROWTH AND VOLUME.
8.1.1 - The statistics of the resources to be managed is the fundamental information required
in assessing the potential of resources. The forest resource potential is a dynamic entity,
which depends on the climatic, edaphic, physiographic, biotic and management factors. The
forests found in the division vary from one place to other.
8.1.2 - INVENTORY RESULT OF NATURAL FOREST
To assess the growing stock and condition of forests, inventory with the sampling
intensity of 0.01 % and 0.1% was designed for natural forests grouped under protection
working circle and improvement working circle respectively. The number of sample plots
and their GPS locations are given in the Annexure XVI. During the inventory various details
were collected as per the Form Nos. 1 to 7. The distribution of important trees in various
diameter classes and corresponding figures of per ha. number of trees, basal area and volume
for different forests have been given in the AnnexuresVIII(a&b). The obverse J curve drawn
from this data does not show the normal distribution of trees in the various diameter classes.
Most of the trees found are in the lower diameter classes are of thorny jungle species The
forest-wise per hectare number of trees, basal area, volume and per cent occurrence of species
are given in the following table.
Inventory results in reserved forests :
Table 21: Per ha Basal area and volume of naturally grown trees in different Reserved
forests in Virajpet Division
Name of the Reserved
Forest
Extent in
ha.
CPT
no.
Basal
area in
sqm/ha.
Vol in
cum/ha.
% of occurrence of
species (>10 cm dia)
Mavukal and
Devamachi
3351.537
and
3740.068
16 17.07 86.78
Mathi (16.6), Teak (9.27),
Nandi (10.42), Dindal
(8.8), Beete (3.86)
17 13.21 51.07
Mathi (17.74), Teak
(8.56), Nandi (10.09),
Dindal (6.73), Beete
(4.28)
18 14.22 60.67
Mathi (10.59), Teak
(26.79), Beete (6.23)
19 18.79 101.27
Mathi (14.8), Nandi
(22.37), Dindal (5.59),
Beete (5.92)
Kerti 6480.102 29 21.56 110.25 Hasige (33.78),
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 56
Ramapathre (4.05), Karpa
(2.7), Billichoote (4.05)
30 23.98 124.47
Hasige (24.44), Karpa
(6.67), Karimara (2.2),
Teak (4.44)
31 25.82 109.21
Thadale (35.92), Neeli
(9.71), Nandi (1.94),
Nerale (9.71)
32 29.64 148.29
Hasige (22.29), Bellipaini
(12.57), Vellipai (9.14)
35 19.31 107.03
Hasige (13.73), Nerale
(13.73), Ramapathre(9.8),
Vellipai (5.88)
Padinalknad 16776.53 36 26.07 164.04
Karichoote (10.94),
Kalpaini (4.69), Bilichoo
(3.13)
38 17.02 73.54
Karichoote(19.35),
Kalpaini (9.68), Pali
(3.23)
39 45.21 269.88
Irupa (19.77), Kartha
Choote (12.79), Pali
(6.98)
40 20.16 85.48
Irapu (17.14), Karichoote
(8.57), Karimara (10.00),
Choote (10.00), Palli
(11.43), Rampat (2.86),
Jambe (4.29).
43 19.38 100.59
Kalpaini (19.05), Choote
(11.9), Paali (4.76)
44 11.44 39.94
Paali (10.00), Karpa
(17.5), Bellipaini (7.5),
Kumathi (12.5)
45 47.12 360.09
Vellipain (23.68),
Karimara (2.63),
Chorapaini (7.89)
47 46.96 204.08
Bellipaini (10.00), Karpa
(8.57), Choote (4.29)
50 25.51 134.02
Chorapaini (2.17), Karpa
(2.17), Others (93.48),
Palli (2.17)
55 15.01 71.82
Jambe (17.31), Karimara
(3.85), Poovam (19.23)
56 18.57 84.72
Karpa (5.94), Karimara
(2.97), Others (77.23)
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 57
The main reason for low basal area in all the forests is due to heavy biotic pressure in
these forests. However, in some forests viz, Maukal and Devamachi the basal area of tree
species is low due to presence of bamboo. While calculating the basal area bamboo has not
been taken into consideration. Invasion of weeds like Lantana and Eupatorium are also
causing hindrance in the growth and natural regeneration of valuable species in these areas.
The present regeneration status of the forest that is given in Annexure VIII (d).
clearly shows that the regeneration in most of the areas for important species is inadequate.
This shows that there is an immediate need to take up necessary improvement measures to
bring back the regeneration status to normalcy.
Density-wise assessment of forest cover was also made. The density classes were 0.4
to 0.6 and 0.60 to 0.8 in Maukal RF and Devamachi RF and 0.8 to 1.0 in Kerti RF and
Padinalkadnadu RF As regards forest types, Maukal RF and Devamachi RF have primarily
natural forests in the moist deciduous category with small percentage of area of these forests
is under Teak plantations. The vegetation cover in Kerti RF and Padinalkunad RF is mainly
evergreen. The fuel wood plantations is almost absent or merged with natural forests. The
availability of dead and fallen material in the division is though limited but found in the
forests. As per inventory, the approximate quantity of timber available per hectare in different
forests including Devarakadus has been shown in AnnexureVIII (b).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
16 17 18 17 18 19 29 30 31 32 35 36 37 39 40 43 44 45 47 50 55 56
Bas
al a
rea
CPT Numbers
Basal area in sqm/ha.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 58
Inventory results in Devarakadus (Protected Forests) :
Growing stock inventory was also done in Devarakadus situated in 42 villages in 50
locations with total extent of 575.54 ha (37% area) covering Virajpet, Ponnampet and
Thithimathi ranges.The distribution of important trees in various diameter classes and
corresponding figures of per ha. number of trees, basal area and volume for different forests
have been given in the AnnexuresVIII (b). Density varies from 0.26-0.40 to 0.6-0.8. Natural
regeneration is inadequate.
1. Bhagavathi
Devarakadu
2. Badarkali
Devarakadu
3. Bhagavathi
Devarakadu
4. Kekolu Ayyapa
Devarakadu
5. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
6. Kegote Ayyapa
Devarakadu
7. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
8. Thomadu
Devarakadu
9. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
10. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
11. Pandaithu
Devarakadu
12. Booduayyappa
Devarakadu
13. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
14. Mahalaxmi
Devarakadu
15. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
16. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
17. Thamara
Devarakadu
18. Bettadappa
Devarakadu
19. Kimani Ayyappa
Devarakadu
20. Badarkali
Devarakadu
21. Bhagavathi
Devarakadu
22. Pettotu
Devarakadu
23. Devastana
BhagavathiD.Kadu
24. Balamuri Ayyappa
Devarakadu
25. Kelkula
Devarakadu
26. Ayyappa
Devarakadu
27. Punya Bhagavathi
D.Kadu
28. Ayyappa
Devarakadu
29. Bhagavathi
Devarakadu
30. Bhagavathi
Devarakadu
31. Bodanja
Devarakadu
32. Muthappa
Devarakadu
33. Ayyappa
Devarakadu
34. Badrakali
Devarakadu
35. Subraya
Devarakadu
36. Devarakadu
37. Ayyappa
Devarakadu
38. Ayyappa
Devarakadu
39. Ayyapa
Devarakadu
40. Gundayat Ayyappa
Devarakadu.
41. Ayyappa
Devarakadu
42. Vanabadrakali
Ayyappa D.Kadu
43. Kodla Ayyappa
D.Kadu
44. Thonageri
Bhagavathi
Ayyappa D.Kadu
45. Ayyappa
Devarakadu
46. Manila Ayyappa
Devarakadu
47. Kamate Maha
D.Kadu
48. Badarkali &
Betekurubara
Devarakadu.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47
Bas
al a
rea
Devarakadus
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 59
8.1.3 - Inventory results of bamboo:-
During the inventory assessment was also made about the availability of Bamboo in
the division. Most of the bamboos found in the division are in Maukal RF and in Devamachi
RF. The dominant species is Bambusa bamboos. Availability of small bamboo in the division
is limited. Assessment of bamboo was done in respect of various categories like green, green
damaged, dry and dry damaged bamboos. The statement on growing stock of bamboo in
different forests based on the assessment of inventory data is given in AnnexureVIII (e). The
quantity of big bamboo equivalent to green sound bamboo per hectare available in Maukal
RF was approximately 2565.00 tonnes. In case of DevamachiRF, the approximate quantities
of big bamboo equivalent to green sound bamboo in tonnes were found to be about 9550.00
tonnes. Due to recent gregarious flowering in all the bamboo areas, the availability of green
bamboo is rare. While arriving at the total yield figures, yield restriction of 50% has been
imposed.
8.1.4 - Inventory results of teak plantations
In case of Teak, inventory was done and parameters like basal area, mean height,
volume/ha, number of trees/ha and mean annual increment in volume were assessed. The
inventory results for the teak plantations are given in Annexure XVII. In case of Teak
plantation, it is found that the growth of plantation was not as per the expectation after the
end of the rotation period. The number of trees/ha shows that the thinning have not been
carried out regularly as per the prescriptions.
8.1.5 – Overall summary of inventory results
1. In the Compartments 16,17,18 and 19 of Thithimathi range and Compartments
29,30,31,32,35,36,38,39,40,43,44,45,47,50,50,55 and 56 of Makuta and Mundrote
ranges basal area and growing stock were calculated vide AnnexuresVIII
(a).Obverse ‗J‘ curves were also drawn for the growing stock of these
compartments vide Annexure VIII (c). The data indicate that the forests in these
compartments are under stocked, as the basal area is less than the critical limit.
Further distribution of number of stems in the various diameter classes is not
normal. Proportion of number of stems in the lower diameter classes is far less.
The number of higher diameter trees also falls rapidly as diameter increases. The
trees in the middle diameter classes are more in number because of the presence of
plantations and pole crop. All these shows that forests in the said compartments
are degraded.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 60
2. On the basis of the inventory data regeneration status, density and forest type of
the compartments 16,17,18,19,29,30,31,32,35,36,38,39,40,43,44,45,47,50,50,55
and 56 was assessed. The regeneration status in the compartments 16,17,18,19 is
mostly inadequate. Similarly in other compartments also except compartment 45,
the natural regeneration is unsatisfactory varying scanty to nil. The compartment
45, which is under evergreen type of vegetation, has better regeneration. In case of
compartment 16,17,18 and 19 the canopy lies mostly between 0.26 to 0.8and the
forest type is mostly moist deciduous. in case compartments 29,30,31,32,35, 36,
38, 39,40,43,44,45,47,50,50,55 and 56, canopy density varies from 0.80 to 1.0 and
forest type is mostly evergreen and semi evergreen. In case of Devarakadus,
natural regeneration is slightly better and canopy density lies between 0.26 to 0.8.
The forest type is evergreen and moist deciduous. The results of the inventory are
appended in the Annexures VIII (d).
3. The determination of quantity of dead and fallen material was made for
compartments 16,17,18 and 19 where salvage logging is proposed. The dead and
fallen material mostly comprised of Honne, Nandi, Dindal and Mathi. The
contribution of rest of the species is assessed under the category of others. The
inventory results are given in Annexures XXI.
4. Assessment was made for the availability of various minor forest produce yielding
trees and their distribution in various diameter classes. Some of the MFP yielding
species found in the moist deciduous / dry deciduous areas were Nelli, Thare,
Muthuga, Buruga etc. It is seen that most of these trees were in the lower diameter
classes.
5. From the results of the bamboo inventory it is evident that clumps found in the
area have large proportion of green damaged, dry and dry damaged culms. This
shows lack of proper management in the bamboo areas. Assessment of green
bamboo culms on the basis of annual recruitment was also made. Most of the
bamboos found in the division are big bamboo. The yield due to dry and green
bamboo was calculated and its results are given in the Annexures VIII (e).
6. All the teak plantations in the division were inventoried and their condition was
assessed on the basis of parameters like number of stems per ha, basal area,
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 61
volume per ha, mean annual increment etc. From the number of stems per ha, it is
clear that plantations have not been thinned regularly in the past. Mean annual
increment generally comes down as the age of the plantation increases. Site
quality is found to be mostly III and IV.
8.1.6 - To study the composition and growth parameters of tropical rain forest several long-
term research stations are laid in different parts of the Western Ghats in the State. Out of
these, two linear tree increment (LTI) plots are in Virajpet division. Details of their location,
description and results of various studies carried out in these plots are given in books titled
―Long Term Research Sites in Tropical Forests‖ and ―Productivity of Tropical Rain Forests
of Karnataka‖ written by Dr. S.N.Rai. The description and other details of linear tree
increment plots as referred to in these books are given here below:
1. ―Chippinahole Linear Tree Increment Plot: This linear tree increment plot was
laid in block number 19 of Kerti State forest of Makut range of Coorg Forest
division in the year 1937. The plot is located at 12o5‘ N Latitude and 75
o42‘ E
Longitude at an elevation of 200 m above mean sea level. The average annual
rainfall is 5300 mm. The months November to April are practically dry. These
forests can be called Dipterocarpus–Vateria type. The top canopy has
Dipterocarpus indicus, Callophylum elatum, Vateria indica, Palaquium
ellipticum, etc. and the understorey has Drypetes alata, Lansium anamalauyanum,
Diospyros species, Garcinia indica and other species. The soil is sandy loam. The
first working plan for the area, prepared in 1920, prescribed mainly selection
system of felling and improvement felling. Diospyros ebenum (Ebony) was
mainly removed under selection system. The second working plan came into
being from 1938. The working plan prescribed mainly irregular shelter wood
system and selection system. Tapping of Hardwickia pinnata trees for resin was
introduced during 1946 and stopped in the year 1948. However illegal wood oil
tapping from trees of Hardwickia pinnata and Dipterocarpus indicus still goes on.
A rubber estate touches one end of the plot. The thickness of humus layer is less
compared to Bannadapare plot. The natural regeneration of evergreen species is
sparse. Cultural operations such as climber cutting have been carried out in this
block. The present basal area of the plot is 37.96 sq. mts/ha. The plot is in good
shape.‖
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 62
2. ―Bannadapare Linear Tree Increment Plot: This plot was laid in Kerti reserved
forest near Arabithittu in Makut range of Coorg forest division in the year 1937.
The general description of the plot is similar to the Chippenahole plot. The
working plan prescriptions and working of the forest have been similar to that of
Chippenahole plot except for the fact that this block was under, ―Evergreen
Tending Working Circle‖ during the period 1948 to 1957. Felling was heavier
than what they should have been in this working circle. Wood oil tapping from
Hardwickia pinnata trees and extraction of Reeds have also been done. Regular
felling was carried out from the years 1934 onwards in the block. Callopyllum
tomentosum was cut heavily during the two world wars. Removal of NTFP‘s has
continued. The natural regeneration of Dipterocarpus indicus and Canarium
strictum is adequate. The present basal area of the plot is 41.70 sq.mts/ha. The plot
is in reasonably good shape.‖
The details of the species occurring in this plot in the various stories are given in the
Annexure XVIII (a).
The rate of annual diameter increment for various species in the tropical forests was
also assessed in the book referred above. Among the species that were considered for study,
the least annual diameter increment was for Myristica dactyloides (0.12 cm) and maximum
was for Spondias acuminata (0.54 cm). For most of the other species it was around (0.30 cm).
The results of the study are enclosed in the Annexure XVIII (b).
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 63
PART II.
FUTURE MANAGEMENT DISCUSSED AND PRESCRIBED.
CHAPTER I.
1.1 - BASIS OF PROPOSALS.
1.2 - Objects of Management.
Forests of the division were managed in the past primarily for extraction of timber and
firewood. However, after the enactment of the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980, promulgation
of the National Forest Policy, 1988 and Hon‘ble Supreme Court order in Writ Petition
202/96, the Forest department has re-oriented its strategy of forest management from revenue
oriented to conservation oriented. The forests are managed under the principles of
conservation and protection with emphasis on meeting the local needs. People‘s involvement
in forest management has been given more attention through Joint Forest Planning &
Management (JFPM).
The main objectives of forest management in the Plan are:
1. To maintain environmental stability and ecological balance and to enhance ecosystem
services by protecting, preserving and enriching the existing natural forests;
2. To ensure maximum protection of soil and moisture to maintain the forest cover in
good condition;
3. To maintain and improve the plantations to ensure long term sustainability of forest
production;
4. To rehabilitate and increase the economic value and utility of the degraded forests;
5. Consistent with the above objectives, to ensure sustainable use of forests to meet the
needs of the people, especially the rural and tribal people, living in the vicinity of
forests;
6. To ensure people‘s participation and involvement in all round protection and
development of forests;
7. To manage the forest land through watershed approach for enhancing ground water
recharge and for improvement and regulation of hydrological regime;
8. To improve wildlife habitat and to reduce man-animal conflict and
9. To increase green cover in the division so as to mitigate the problems of global
warming and climate change by progressively increasing the growing stock and
carbon sequestration potential.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 64
1.3 -Method of treatment to be adopted.
For attaining the above objects, the following methods of treatment are prescribed:
1. Providing protection to the forest from fire, grazing and other biotic interferences;
2. Ensuring effective soil and moisture conservation in the forest areas;
3. Removal of available dead and fallen material from deciduous forests;
4. Supplementing the regeneration, where necessary, and closure of such areas from
grazing;
5. Managing the plantations and bamboo forests on the principles of silviculture;
6. Improving the availability and productivity of Sandalwood trees;
7. Managing the sustainable harvest of Non Timber Forest Produce (NTFP);
8. Ensuring people‘s participation in development, protection and management of forests
and
9. By increasing the vegetation cover in the catchment areas of rivers and streams
through plantation, soil conservation works and by strict protection.
1.4 - Constitution of Working Circles.
In order to prescribe appropriate treatment to different forest areas of the division in
conformity with silvicultural principles and the management objectives, six working circles
are formed:
1 Protection working circle
2 Improvement working circle,
3 Teak plantations management working circle,
4 Bamboo overlapping working circle,
5 Wildlife Management overlapping working circle,
6 Non Timber Forest Produce (NTFP) working circle and
7 Miscellaneous regulations: i) Consolidation of forest lands,
ii) Joint Forest Planning Management,
iii) Sandalwood Management,
iv) Farm Forestry etc.,
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 65
1.5 - ALLOTMENT OF AREAS TO WORKING CIRCLES.
1. Protection working circle: This working circle consists of evergreen and semi
evergreen areas falling in the Makut and Mundrote ranges. Besides the reserved
forests areas it also includes the paisari lands transferred to forest department and
which have the similar vegetation. It covers the Canes and Reeds areas.The total
area under this working circle is 26291.342 ha.
2. Improvement working circle: This working circle consists of moist and dry
deciduous forests of Thithimathi range, which are not under the teak plantations. It
also includes small portion of paisari lands, which are adjoining to these forests
and have similar vegetation. The total area under this working circle is 4864.792
ha.
3. Teak plantation management working circle: This working circle consists of
older teak plantations area in the Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests. Total
extent of this working circle is 2309.04 ha.
4. Bamboo overlapping working circle: This working circle consists of moist and
dry deciduous areas of Thithimathi range. It also includes a small portion of
Paisari lands that are surrounding to these forests and have similar vegetation.
The total area of this working circle is 4864.792 ha.
5. Wildlife Management : This working circle consists of all the reserved forests
and surrounding Paisari lands transferred to forest department. Total extent under
this working circle is 33465.184 ha.
6. Non-timber forest produce overlapping working circle: This working circle
consists of reserved forests and surrounding paisary land of Thithimathi Range,
Devarakadus of Virajpet division. The total area under this working circle
6466.429 ha.
7. Miscellaneous regulations:
i) Consolidation of forest lands :
ii) Joint forest planning and management: This consists of 1830 ha
plantation areas raised in forest areas coming under VFCs, 491.889 ha
section-4 notified area and 1601.63 ha protected forests like Devarakadu,
Ambala and Mandu. The total area under this working circle is 3923.52 ha.
iii) Sandal wood Management: This working circle consists of all the forest
and non-forest government lands.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 66
iv) Farm Forestry etc.,
The tabular statement showing the distribution of areas under various working circles
is given in the following table:
Table-22: Statement showing allotment of area under different working circles.
(Area in hectares)
Sl
No.
Name of the working
circle
Extent of
reserved
forest
Paisari
lands
(transfer
ed to
forest
dept.)
Area
notified
under
Section-
4
Protected
forest
like
Devara
kadu,
Ambala
and
Mandu
etc.
Total in ha.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 Protection working
circle
23256.632 3034.71 --- 26291.342
2 Improvement working
circle
4782.562 82.23 --- 4864.792
3 Teak working
circle
2309.04 --- --- 2309.04
4 Bamboo overlapping
working circle
4782.562 82.23 --- 4864.792
5 Wildlife Management
overlapping working
circle
30348.24 3116.94 - --- 33465.184
6 Non timber forest
produce overlapping
working circle
4782.562 82.23 - 1601.637 6466.429
7 Joint forest planning
and management
working circle
(Miscellaneous
regulations)
--- 1830 491.889 1601.637 3923.52
Total 30348.234 3116.94 491.889 1601.637 35558.700
1.6 - Period of the Plan
The validity of the plan will be for a period of ten years from 2014-15 to 2023-24.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 67
CHAPTER II.
PROTECTION WORKING CIRCLE.
GENERAL CONSTITUTION OF THE WORKING CIRCLE.
2.1 - Rationale for the Working Circle
This working circle comprises of the forest areas of Makut and Mundrote ranges. The
type of vegetation in these ranges is predominantly tropical wet evergreen interspersed with
semi-evergreen patches. At a few places, retrogression has set in resulting change of
vegetation towards moist deciduous species and big bamboo, canes and reeds are also found
in valleys and depression.
The total area under this working circle is 26291.342 ha. They are found in all 27
compartments of Makut and Mundrote ranges. In this area five main species of canes are
found and they are Calamus laxmanae (Halubetta), Calamus thwaitesii or Calamus
canavanus (Handi betta), Calamus pseudotenuis (Kir betta), Calamus travancoricus
(Ontibetta) and Calamus flagellum (Nagarabetta) Calamus karnatakanses (Sukku betha)
Calamus lassiferous (Meese betha).
Reeds are commonly found in the evergreen/semi evergreen areas along the river and
stream banks depending upon the moisture availability. There are 2 types of reeds. The
smaller size, which is usually of finger thickness, is called Ochlandra reedii (Neeru wate).
The other species, which is slightly bigger in size and looks almost like small bamboo, is
Ochlandra travancorica (Thumpu wate). In addition to these commonly found reeds (Wate)
one more variety called Kalluwate is occasionally found in Shola forest.
Two Linear Tree Increment Plots (LTI) have been laid out in Kerti Reserved Forest of
Makut Range in the year 1937 for the purpose of studying growth parameters of tropical rain
forest. Presently these plots are being maintained and monitored by the Conservator of
Forests, Research, Madikeri.
2.1.1 - As per the present government policy, evergreen and semi-evergreen forests should be
afforded full protection and even the extraction and removal of dead and fallen trees is not
recommended from such areas. Moreover, the forests of Makut and Mundrote ranges that
receive high to very high rainfall constitute the main watersheds of a number of important
rivers flowing across the area. Considering their ecological sensitiveness, it is proposed to
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 68
provide complete protection to these forests. The under planting/ gap planting areas in the
evergreen and semi evergreen zone are to be managed under this working circle as they have
become a part of the natural forest itself. The details of the plantations of miscellaneous
species are given range wise in the Annexure - XIX (a). The list of compensatory plantations
is given Annexure - XIX (b).
2.2 Specific Objects of Management
The main objects of management are: -
1. To protect these forests to maintain the environmental stability and restore the ecological
balance wherever it has been disturbed;
2. To conserve the biological diversity;
3. To check soil erosion and denudation in the catchment areas of rivers flowing across
these areas;
4. To improve the natural structure and growth to ensure long term sustainability of forest
production and
5. To rehabilitate the degraded forests by providing effective protection from fire, illicit
cutting etc.
2.3 Allotment of areas to the working circle
Areas coming under the Protection working circle are indicated in the following table:
Table – 23: Area allotted under protection working circle
Name of the forest Extent
1. Padinalknad reserved forest (Compartments 36 -
52,55, 56 and 62) and Kerti reserved forest
(Copartments 29 to 35)
2. Surrounding Paisari lands transferred to forest
department (in evergreen and semi evergreen zone)
23256.632 ha*
3034.71 ha.
Total : 26291.342ha.
* (The total extent of Padinalknad and Kerti reserved forests coming under the jurisdiction of
Virajpet division is 23256.632 ha. This includes an extent of 8.24 ha of Teak plantations,
which have failed and are now covered with natural growth.)
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 69
2.4 Proposed Treatment
1. No logging including removal of dead and fallen trees will be carried out in the forest
areas under protection working circle.
2. No new plantations activities including soil moisture conservation will be taken up.
However, plantations raised so far will be only maintained.
3. No tending, climber-cutting operations will be carried out.
4. Proper fire prevention measures will be taken so as to avoid burning of forests specially
grassy blanks.
5. Other protection measures like anti-smuggling camp/ anti-poaching camps, wireless
network etc. in the area is to be strengthened to ensure effective control over
smuggling/poaching activities. It is prescribed to maintain seven anti-poaching/ anti-
smuggling camps in Makut and Mundrote Ranges. The details of their locations are given
in Annexure XXIX (c).
6. The growth parameters of two Linear Tree Increment Plots (LTI) should be procured
from the research wing and records should be updated during the plan period.
7. The old concrete pillars / cairns will be maintained and new ones will be fixed along the
RF boundaries of private land and along the Kerala state boundary. The details are given
in Annexure XXXV (a).
8. No collection of NTFP will be allowed with the exception of cases as per provision under
Forest Right Act.
2.5 Statistics of Growth
In case of Makut and Mundrote ranges where the forests are mostly evergreen or semi
evergreen, condition of forests is relatively better. The growth parameter of basal area
(m2/ha) and volume (m
3/ha) were also determined. The results in Compartments 29,30,31,
32,35, 36, 38, 39,40,43,44,45,47,50,50,55 and 56 of Kerti and Padinalknad reserved forests
are given in the Annexures VIII.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 70
CHAPTER III.
IMPROVEMENT WORKING CIRCLE.
GENERAL CONSTITUTION OF THE WORKING CIRCLE.
3.1 Rationale for the Working Circle
This working circle comprises of the Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests of
Thithimathi range excluding the teak plantations raised therein. The forests are of moist
deciduous and dry deciduous types. Analysis of the inventory data pertaining to these forests
has indicated poor growing stock, lower basal area and unsatisfactory regeneration status.
Hence it is proposed not to take up felling of green trees. The under planting/gap planting
areas in these deciduous forests are to be managed under this working circle as they have
become the part of natural forest itself. The details of the plantations of the miscellaneous
species are given in Annexure- XIX (a). Removal of dead and fallen trees followed by
regeneration has been prescribed in the Improvement working circle.
3.2 Specific Objects of Management
The main objects of management are: --
1. To maintain environmental stability through preservation and restoration of ecological
balance;
2. To conserve natural flora and fauna;
3. To check soil erosion and denudation in the catchment areas of rivers flowing across
these forests;
4. To maintain or improve natural forest structure and growth in non-degraded areas to
ensure long term sustainability of forest production;
5. To increase the productivity of natural forests and to make degraded forest areas
productive and
6. Consistent with the above objectives, to ensure sustainable use of forests to meet the
needs of the people.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 71
3.3 Allotment of area to the working circle
Areas under the Improvement working circle are indicated in the following table:
Table – 24: Area allotted under improvement working circle
Name of the forest Extent
1. Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests
(Compartments – 16,17,18 & 19)
4782.562 ha*
2. Surrounding Paisari lands transferred to forest department
(in the moist and dry deciduous zone)
82.23 ha.
Total : 4864.792 ha.
* (The total extent of Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests is 7091.605 ha. Out of this,
an extent of 2309.04 ha of area having Teak plantations has been included in the Teak
plantation working circle.)
3.4 Cycle of Salvage logging and Division of area:
For the purpose of salvage logging, Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests of
Thithimathi range (excluding Teak plantation areas) have been included in the proposed
Thithimathi improvement series. This improvement series is divided into ten blocks as
marked in the 1: 50,000 topo sheet map. Each of these blocks is taken as annual coupe. The
word annual coupe as referred here is only annual improvement area which is the part of the
beat. Rotation cycle in the felling series is ten years. As the extent of paisari land is very
small, it is included in the adjoining blocks for the purpose of annual coupe and no separate
improvement series is proposed for it.
3.5 Rules for marking and extraction:
1. At the start of the operations the coupe boundary should be demarcated and fire traced.
Trees standing on the coupe boundary should be clearly demarcated and listed.
2. Only dead and fallen trees should be marked. The Deputy Conservator of Forests should
inspect the area and he should check marking.
3. Marking should be done well in advance and extraction should be completed before
March of the financial year.
4. Salvage logging will be done in 10 year cycle.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 72
5. No new roads should be formed and the existing old extraction paths should be used for
carting the material.
3.6 Improvement Operations
As already indicated, the felling cycle is 10 years. The total extent of Teak plantations
in Thithimathi range is about 2309.04 Ha. The block area (excluding Teak plantation), that is
taken as a coupe, after the removal of dead and fallen material, will be taken up for
improvement operations. The annual coupes (improvement blocks) coming under this felling
series have been marked on 1:50000 topo sheet and a tabular statement showing the area of
each block is given in Table-below.
Table – 25(a): Division of improvement series into blocks for Salvage logging
Sl.
No.
Name of the
range
Name of the
improvement
series
Annual working for Salvaging
COUP
No.
Year CPT No. Extent in
ha.
1 Thithimathi Mavukal and
Devamachi
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
2018-19
2019-20
2020-21
2021-22
2022-23
2023-24
16
17/1
17/2
17/3
18/1
18/2
19/1
19/2
19/3
19/4
675.65
402.00
402.27
402.00
500.00
578.065
455.00
455.00
455.00
457.58
Total 4782.565
Table – 25(b): Division of improvement series into blocks for improvement operations
Sl.
No.
Name of the
range
Name of the
improvement
series
Annual working for improvement operations
COUP
No.
Year CPT No. Extent in
ha.
1 Thithimathi Mavukal and
Devamachi
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
2018-19
2019-20
2020-21
2021-22
2022-23
2023-24
2024-25
16
17/1
17/2
17/3
18/1
18/2
19/1
19/2
19/3
19/4
675.65
402.00
402.27
402.00
500.00
578.065
455.00
455.00
455.00
457.58
Total 4782.565
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 73
As the forest is more degraded, the improvement operations will also include raising
of plantations wherever required. On an average 100 ha gap planting under Supplemental
planting model will be done every year in the improvement block. About ten SMC trenches
of size 5m x 1m x 1m should be dug. Under this model, gap planting upto 400 plants/ha
including about 50 plants with local suitable species on mounds of SMC trenches will be
planted.
For this purpose, areas requiring any treatment in the block should be identified and
marked on the block or coupe map. For carrying out the improvement operation, area should
be effectively fenced by using either brushwood or barbed wire fencing in such a way that
fencing may be extended if required in the subsequent years when improvement operations
progress in the various blocks in the beat. Grazing will not be permitted in such areas for a
minimum period of 10 years. All the advance work should be completed before the onset of
monsoon by aligning the area at the suitable espacement depending upon the gaps but in any
case plant to plant distance should not be less than 5 meters. In case the patches are covered
with weeds, the same may be cleared and burnt or where the gaps are bigger alignment at the
regular espacement of 5m x 5m may be done. Selection of species should be done to suit the
local requirement. For example in case of hadlus (swampy land) species, which can tolerate
water logging like bamboo, holematti, mango, neralu etc. should be chosen. Similarly in other
cases suitable local miscellaneous species like sandal, rosewood, mathi, kindal, honne, tare,
nelli, ippe, shivane, nandi, nerale etc. may be chosen. More emphasis also should be given for
planting rare, endangered and threatened species (RET species) depending upon the locality.
One to two years old tall and healthy seedlings of miscellaneous species raised in 8‖X12‖
poly bags should be used for planting. Unless the gaps are of clear patches of more than 10 ha
in extent, fast growing species should not be attempted. Bamboo found within the treatment
area may be managed as per the prescriptions given in the Bamboo overlapping working
circle. All planting works should be completed by the end of June. Protection measures need
to be strengthened effectively, as damages due to the wild animals are quite common in the
area. If necessary, thorn fencing for individual plants may be done. After 10 years condition
of the forest need to be reassessed and further operations/treatment as required may be
planned accordingly. Rigid protection of the treatment area from fire is a must. For this fire
lines around the area and even criss-cross fire lines within the area may be maintained. All
the re-clearing and fire tracing work should be completed by the end of December.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 74
3.7 - Watershed Management & Soil and Moisture Conservation Out of total annual precipitation, only a portion of it percolates and reaches the
groundwater aquifers, while the major portion drains out as run-off and goes unused. Even-
though, forests have little effect on regional or global precipitation, but they strongly influence
the fate of precipitation on a watershed. Most forests soils are extremely pervious which
readily absorb rainfall and reduce surface run-off. Instead, water infiltrates stability to the
watershed, holding stream banks and soils in place yielding lower and is either stored or moves
through subsurface pathways in its journey to stream channels or groundwater. During
extended wet periods, significant groundwater recharge can occur from forest soils. Even
though, forests can not prevent major floods but they can mitigate flooding from moderate
rainfall in watershed. Thus forests provides greater hydrological stream flow per unit of rainfall
than other vegetative cover types. Forest also reduces the sedimentation in reservoir. The
healthy forests in watershed can provide clean and safe water. Forests watersheds generally
offer higher quality water than watersheds under alternative land uses.
To improve the rainwater infiltration capacity forests catchment area has to be treated
properly providing with different inputs including suitable soil and moisture conservation
measures. The Range Forest Officer and Assistant Conservator of Forests, will prepare the site
specific plan (SSP) with treatment map with other necessary details which will be carefully
scrutinized by the Deputy Conservator of Forests. If required the Deputy Conservator of
Forests will make field visit and will submit the SSP to Conservator of Forests for approval. A
guess estimate of hydrological contribution of forests in Virajpet division is given in
Annexure-XX.
3.8 – Calculation of Yield From the inventory results the availability of dead and fallen material was assessed in
the Compartments 16,17,18 and 19. In the Annexure XXI the information given about the
dead and fallen trees pertains to the trees actually found in the forests in the inventory area
and it is in no way an indication of prescribed girth for salvaging of these species. The dead
and fallen material will be identified only on the basis of its actual availability and it will be
classified as timber or firewood as per the existing norms and it will be salvaged strictly as
per the rules for marking and salvaging given in this circle. Though the assessment of
damaged and abnormal trees was also made but as their numbers are not much and the
removal of these green trees may lead to creation of big gaps, they were not recommended
for removal. The yield has not been fixed as such but only will be incidental to the
improvement operations as given above.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 75
CHAPTER IV.
TEAK PLANTATION WORKING CIRCLE.
4.1 - GENERAL CONSTITUTION OF THE WORKING CIRCLE.
This working circle consists of mainly the teak plantation areas in compartments
16,17,18 and 19 of Mavukal and Devamachi reserved forests of Thithimathi range. Total area
under this working circle is 2309.04 ha. The oldest teak plantation existing in the division is
of 1909. As per the Champion and Seth classification of the forest type, these forests fall
under the category of teak forests (C1B) and site quality is mostly III and IV.
4.2 - SPECIFIC OBJECTS OF MANAGEMENT.
Main objects of the working circle are:
Intensive management of existing teak plantations.
Improving the quality of stand.
4.3 - EXPLOITABLE GIRTH AND ROTATION.
Before the reorganization of the States in 1956, the Mavukal and Devamachi reserved
forests of Thithimathi range were part of old Coorg province. Prior to Alva‘s plan (1978-79
to 2002-03) of old Hunsur division, these areas were being managed under Somaiah‘s
working plan (1957-72) where the rotation of 100 years as prescribed in the earlier plans was
continued. Somaiah also concluded by the data collected during the preparation of his plan
and during the earlier plan of Brand that, while the exploitable girth of 6 feet can be attained
between 100 to 105 years in case of plantations, to attain this girth in natural forests 130 years
are required. Krishanaswamy who wrote the working plan of the adjoining forests of old
Mysore State had fixed the rotation of 104 years and exploitable girth of 4 ½ feet, based on
the statistics collected by him. But Alva, on the basis of the data collected by him, prescribed
the exploitable girth at 1.65 m and rotation age of 80 years as he found that the girth
increment is appreciable upto this age and it stagnates thereafter. It is however to be noted
that though the girth increment stagnates after 80 years yet the tree continues to grow with the
same increment till mean annual increment culminates. In order to fix the exploitable girth
limit for other species M.R.S Pearson‘s record for Kalinadhi high forests has been taken as
the guide. In general it is observed that the growth rate reduces with the age of the crop.
Further it is also evident from the Pearson‘s table that after attaining the age of 120 years,
there is a reduction of annual increment in all species except rosewood which continues to
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 76
put on an appreciable growth up to the age of 120 years the fall in the annual growth is to
tune of 44% and this is the age at which the rotation is to be fixed and harvested for
maximum revenue. Besides this in view of increased biotic interference and general
degradation of the forest areas it is considered appropriate to fix a longer rotation period.
During the inventory work the growth pattern of older plantations was assessed. From the
statistics of age versus diameter and age versus height, it is found that the growth of Teak
trees was less than what was expected by Alva in his plan.
If we take into account the concept of silvicultural rotation for the scientific
management of forests, the rotation of 120 years appears to be correct. This rotation is also
nearer to the silvicultural rotation of teak in natural forests. Hence it is proposed to fix the
rotation of Teak at 120 years.
4.4 - THINNING.
In the past, thinnings were prescribed in the teak plantations by taking into account
the average site quality class of the area. In Somaiah‘s plan six thinnings were prescribed at
the age of 6th
, 12th
, 20th
, 28th
, 38th
and 50th
year. All the thinnings were selective in nature and
by the end of final thinnings at the age of 50th
year total number of stems to be retained were
between 175 to 190 per ha. But in Alva‘s plan (1978-79 to 2002-03) only five thinnings were
prescribed. The first two thinnings were mechanical cum silvicultural and other three were
silvicultural thinning. Though the number of trees to be retained after the final thinning as
prescribed in Alva‘s plan is more, the same is being adopted in the present plan as the excess
number of stems will compensate towards damages caused by wild elephants, which is quite
common in this area. The details of the thinnings regime recommended are given below: -
1. First mechanical cum silvicultural thinning at the 6th
year by retaining about
1300 – 1400 trees by marking the stems silviculturally in the alternative diagonals.
2. Second mechanical cum silvicultural thinning at the12th
year by retaining about
700 – 800 trees by marking the trees silviculturally in the alternate lines.
3. First silviculture thinning at the 18th
year (leaving about 500 to 600 trees /ha).
4. Second silviculture thinning at the 30th
year (leaving about 400 trees /ha).
5. Third silvicultural thinning at the 50th
year (leaving about 250 to 300 trees /ha).
6. An elite thinning at the age of 80th
year (leaving about 150 trees/ha)
7. Elephant damaged teak trees may be extracted every year.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 77
Importance is given to retain a definite number of trees after the thinnings. This is to
ensure that any subsequent variation in the number of trees in the plantation at the time of
thinning should not result in excess thinning of plantation.
The prescriptions laid down above should be followed in all the teak plantations
where regular thinnings have been carried out in the past. But in case the thinning regime as
given in the previous plan has not been followed in the past it is not desirable to reduce the
number of stems as per these prescriptions at one stroke as such action may cause opening of
canopy and consequently invasion of weeds and also make the stand susceptible to wind
damage. In such cases, gradual reduction of excess number of stems during the next thinnings
or over a period of time will be desirable. Modified thinnings in such plantations are
proposed from this point of view. In case if more number of trees are found in certain pockets
of the same plantation where overall number of trees per ha. is less in that case desirable
number of trees may be felled to remove the congestion after verification and marked by the
Deputy Conservator of Forests and Chief Conservator of Forests. Care should be taken so
that sufficient number of trees per ha. is retained to fulfill the requirement of prescribed
thinning regime for the particular closely spaced trees. The thinning schedule worked out on
the above principles is given in the Annexure XXII (a to e).
The list of all the teak plantations raised in the division is given in the Annexure
XVII. Eighteen teak plantations with a total extent of 399.52 ha. have been prescribed for
thinning during the entire plan period.
4.5 - AREA ALLOTTED TO THE WORKING CIRCLE.
The compartment wise area under the Teak plantation is given in the following table.
Table – 26: Area allotted under teak plantation working circle
Sl.
No.
Compt.
No.
Area of
Compt. in
ha
Area under
teak plantation
in ha
Name of the RF Remarks
1 16 1004.40 328.75 Mavukal RF 334.13 ha area of
this CPT falling in
Arkeri RF is deleted.
2 17 2062.40 856.13 Part of Mavukal and
Devamachi RF
3 18 1732.005 653.94 Part of Mavukal and
Devamachi RF
4 19 2292.80 470.22 Devamachi RF
Total : 7091.605 2309.04
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 78
4.6 - THINNING MARKINGS.
Marking of trees for thinning is an important work and should be attended by a
trained RFO and should be inspected 100% by the ACF and at least 25% by DCF also. This
work becomes more important because thinning proposed are either mechanical cum
silvicultural or sulvicultural. Thinning marking should be completed after rains and before
the end of December when the crown is still green. Any tending operation required in the
plantations should be completed before marking is started to facilitate clear view and easy
accessibility in the plantations. While marking, care should be taken so that the prescribed
number of sound and well growing stems that are to be retained are distributed evenly over
the plantation area. As during the preparation of this plan individual plantations have not
been surveyed the total extent as given in the records has been taken to show the area under a
particular plantation. But in many cases it is observed that the existing plantation areas are
less than the area, what it is given in the record. Therefore it is essential to first survey the
plantation and identify its boundaries before taking up the thinning markings.
Grading of poles: Teak poles obtained from thinning should be cut at the ends with saw and
classified as per the following standard classification before putting up for auction sale-
Sl no Length Class
1. Ist class
Over 6 meters in length
2. IInd
Class
Over 4 meters in length
3. III rd class
Over 2 meters and upto 4 meters in Length
Sl no Girth Class (butt end)
1. Class (a)
over 40 Cms and upto 65 Cms.
2. Class (b)
Over 20 cms and Upto 40 Cms
The thinned material having girth less than 20 Cm may be treated as Ballis or may be
sold as such. Teak stems having girth more than 65 cms may be classified as timber.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 79
4.7 -MANAGEMENT OF PARTIALLY FAILED TEAK PLANTATIONS.
Partially failed teak plantation areas having large number of naturally grown trees of
species like Mathi, Nandi, Beete, Kindal etc. are proposed to be managed as natural stand.
Some tending operations if required at subsequent stage may be considered as per the opinion
of Deputy Conservator of Forests after his inspection. The rotation age prescribed for the teak
plantations will not have any bearing for the management of these areas.
In case of failed Teak plantations that are totally covered with weeds, it is proposed to
raise fresh Teak plantation after clearing and burning the existing weed growth. As the extent
of such areas is not large, it proposed to tackle them in the first half of the plan period by
planting them with teak seedlings raised in polythene bags through pre sprouted stumps. For
raising the teak stumps good quality of teak seeds should be got collected from the plus trees.
The seeds so collected should be treated by the method of alternately soaking them in the
cowdung slurry and then drying up for three weeks. Teak beds of size 12m x 1.20m should
be prepared before the rainy season starts. The treated seeds should be sown in the
standard teak beds in rainy season. The stumps should be prepared by selecting the healthy
seedlings during the month of March and April. From these stumps, seedlings should be
raised in the polythene bags of 6” x 9” size over a period of one month in staggering manner.
The details of Nursery techniques are not elaborated as these practices are already been
standardised by the department. Pits of the size 30 Cms X 30 Cms X 30 Cms in
2mtr x 2mtr spacing should be got dug by the end of the November as a part of advance
work. After refilling of earth by the end of May, planting work should be commenced soon
after the on set of monsoon and should be completed by the end of June. All the post
planting and subsequent maintenance operations should be carried out as per the standards
practices. Plantations should be effectively fenced to protect it from grazing or damage due to
wild animals. The potential of diffused regenerations in the forest blanks in the form of
plantations as proposed in the past also did not show promising because of frequent damages
due to wild elephants. In view of this the concentrated artificial regeneration or assisted
natural regeneration as proposed elsewhere in this plan has to be carried out by taking these
limitation into account with suitable species and with more intensive management practices.
Sincere efforts may be made to raise 10 ha. teak plantations every year in Tithimathi range
after uprooting and removing of invasive species like Lantana and Eupatorium. In the
previous Working Plan, after the third silvicultural thinning of teak plantations, under
planting with bamboo was prescribed. But in view of the damage caused by the wild
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 80
elephants and cattle it is better not to take up such operations. Plantations of teak with
bamboo should also be avoided.
4.8 TENDING.
Some of the older Teak plantations require tending operations like climber cutting,
cleaning of unwanted under growth, trimming of copice growth, removal of Loranthus etc.
These operations are to be organized in such a way that each plantation is tended at least once
in ten years. While carrying out tending operations, the younger plantations are to be tended
first. The dead and fallen, elephant damaged trees may be removed. The strict marking and
other procedures must be carried out as mentioned in para 4.6.
4.9 IDENTIFICATION OF PLANTATION AREA.
Most of the teak plantations do not have any name boards about their identification or
for other details. To avoid any confusion over the plantation boundary and its extent it is
necessary to affix/erect boards at the prominent places around these plantations. Once such
boards are fixed the Beat Guard will have full responsibility to maintain the same. This work
has to be completed by the year 2016-17.
4.10 - STATISTICS OF YIELD
During the preparation of this plan, the Teak plantations in the Division were inventoried and
results of the inventory are given in the Annexure XVII. The figures of approximate yield
under this working circle are given in the following table (as per the quantity assessed from
the inventory results without applying the yield restriction of 50%; however the form factor
of 0.4 has been taken while calculating the timber yield from 1st part of the tree)
Table – 27: Approximate yield of timber and firewood
Sl no Year Approximate yield (in
cum) from timber portion
Approximate yield
of firewood
1 2014-15 - -
2 2015-16 234.96 352.44
3 2016-17 161.75 242.63
4 2017-18 245.10 367.66
5 2018-19 186.49 279.73
6 2019-20 292.45 438.58
7 2020-21 307.10 460.65
8 2021-22 158.94 238.41
9 2022-23 185.75 278.62
10 2023-24 165.93 248.91
Total 1938.47 2907.63
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CHAPTER V.
BAMBOO OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE.
5.1 - GENERAL CONSTITUTION OF THE WORKING CIRCLE.
This is an overlapping working circle comprising of compartment numbers 16,17,18
and 19 of Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests in Thithimathi range. The main species is
Bambusa bamboos and is mostly found as an associate species in the moist deciduous forests
of the region. It is more prominient along the streams and valleys. Dendrocalamus strictus is
also found as undergrowth here and there. Bamboo is also found in the compartment numbers
55 and 56 of Padinalknad reserved forests of Mundrote range as an associate of semi-
evergreen forests tending to moist deciduous type on account of biotic factors. These two
compartments have already been included in the Protection working circle and no felling
including extraction and removal of bamboo is contemplated. Limited number of bamboo
also exists in some devarakadus in the division.
Ecologically bamboo is a pioneer species which can grow profusely wherever the
canopy of moist and dry deciduous forests is open up. It is also a good soil binder and soil
builder.
Bamboo plays an important role in the socio - economic life of the rural population
and in the cottage industries of the state. As the availability of bamboo is mostly restricted to
the Western Ghats and its transition areas, supplies from these areas are made to other parts
of the State also. Though Bamboo is an important raw material for the paper industry no
supply is being made from Virajpet division. In the past, gregarious flowering of bamboo in
Thithimathi range occurred in 1965 – 1966 and in Makut and Mundrote ranges, in 1974.
Recently gregarious flowering of Dowga bamboo has already taken place in the forest areas
of the division during the year 2010-11 and 2011-12. It resulted in large increase in standing
dead culms which exceeded leaf litter fall decomposed more slowly. Mostly all the clumps of
bamboo has died and dried up.As a result the forest has become extremely fire prone. In view
of this, the primary importance is to take up adequate fire prevention measures to ensure good
regeneration of the species from the seeds fallen on the forest floor. As the normal flowering
cycle of Bambusa bamboos is 40 – 45 years, the next gregarious flowering of the species is
expected around 2050 – 2055 in the division. As common practice 50% of the mature green
bamboo should be harvested just before the occurance of gregarious flowering to reduce
sudden accumulation of huge quantity of inflammable dry materials after flowering.
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Small bamboos, which are found as growth under in some of the above areas are not
worth extraction as these are frequently damaged by cattle and wild elephants and have
stunted growth.
5.2 - OBJECTS OF MANAGEMENT.
The main objective of management of the working circle is establishment of good
natural regeneration of bamboo and consolidation of the bamboo forests of the division. This
will lead to habitat improvement for wildlife mainly wild elephants. In addition to that due to
its fast growing nature with strong and extensive root system it will prevent soil erosion, land
degradation and will contribute to major carbon emission reduction.
Another important objective is to ensure sustained supply of bamboo to various users
consistent with the principles of sustained use of forests giving priority to rural population,
local artisans and to the cottage industries.
Bamboo is a very important resource with respect to the revenue earning capacity
especially in JFPM villages. Therefore, added objective is to sustain the income level of
Village Forest Committees by revenue sharing. This will also help in increasing the
productivity of bamboo forests by taking up intensive cultural operations and protection with
the participation of the Village Forest Committees.
The strategy to achieve the above objectives is by strict protection of the area for 10
years till the new crop attains harvestable stage. Thereafter regular extraction of bamboos for
supplying to the medars may be done retaining sufficient numbers of clumps for the elephants
for fodder.
5.3 - METHOD OF TREATMENT
In view of the peculiar situation of gregarious flowering of big bamboos that has
taken place in the forests of the division, the prescriptions given for the management of a
normal bamboo growing forest will not apply till a new crop regenerates, establishes and is
available for harvest in accordance with the silvicultural principles.Bamboo regeneration
normally takes 10-15 years to establish itself. As complete flowering of big bamboos that has
already taken place in the division, the dead and dry bamboos are in different stages of
decomposition. Therefore it is not cost-effectiveto extract the dead material.It is also
silviculturally not proper to extract dry bamboo at present juncture. The areasneed to be given
maximum protection from fire and grazing by cattle for a minimum period of 10 years to
ensure establishment of good regeneration.Early fire tracing is a must and if required some
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more internal fire lines may be made.Heavy climber growth hampering the bamboo
regeneration has to be cut back and removed. Care has to be taken open bamboo regenerating
area is not invaded by invasive weeds like Lantana and Eupatarium spp.
Even after establishment of regeneration, the bamboo forests will need to be protected
from fire and grazing on a continuous basis.No new path to be formed. These special
protection measures have to be followed till new clumps are established.If adequate
protection is provided to the bamboo growing areas of the division, it is expected that regular
harvest of bamboo can start from 2025-2026.
5.4 - FELLING CYCLE.
The minimum age at which culm is exploitable and age of full maturity of culm
determine the length of felling cycle. The minimum age of exploitation is two years and age
of full maturity of a culm is about 5 – 6 years. Smaller felling cycle may result in over
exploitation of clumps whereas longer felling cycles result in over crowding of clumps. But
in view of the prevailing biotic and edaphic conditions, this system has not been found
suitable in the area. In the culm selection system under the normal condition as prescribed in
the previous working plan (for Thithimathi range), a felling cycle of 5 years would have been
appropriate. In the normal course bamboo can be exploited within 10-15 years from the time
of germination under effective protection measures. Therefore the chances of availability of
exploitable size of bamboo during this plan period is remote. It is expected that bamboo may
be available for harvesting from 2025 onwards. The following felling cycle may be followed
in future.
Table- 28: Felling schedule for working in different years
Coupe
No. Years.
1 2025-26 2030-31
2 2026-27 2031-32
3 2027-28 2032-33
4 2028-29 2033-34
5 2029-30 2034-35
5.5 - ALLOTMENT OF AREA TO THE WORKING CIRCLE.
Compartments 16,17,18 and 19 of Thithimathi Range where bamboo is found as a
mix crop has been included in the Bamboo overlapping working circle. Details of area are
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given in the table-33 below.The area details and extent are same as in the case of
Improvement Working Circle.
Table – 29: Area allotted under bamboo overlapping working circle
Name of the Reserved Forest Compartment Number Area where bamboo occurs
as mix crop
1. Mavukal and Devamachi
reserved forests
16,17,18 and 19 4782.565 ha
2. Surrounding Paisari lands
transferred to forest department.
82.230 ha.
Total : 4864.792 ha.
(The area of Arkeri Reserved forest falling in Compartment No. 16 has been excluded)
5.6 - REGENERATION.
Since gregarious flowering has taken place recently in all the bamboo areas the
following activities have been prescribed for regeneration during the plan period.
1) The area will be strictly protected from fire and grazing by engaging adequate
numbers of watchers and by involving local community.
2) In areas where natural bamboo regeneration is insufficient, limited extent of
planting (20 ha to 25 ha) may be done preferably mixing with other potential
bamboo species like Burma bamboo, Bamboosa tulda etc. This will aid in species
diversity and also help to have bamboo availability continuously irrespective of
occurance of gregarious flowering in otherareas.
3) Soil working around the clumps to an extent of 100 ha per year will be done
covering atleast 50 clumps per ha. Seeds of leguminous plants should be sown in the
loosen soil around the clumps. This activity is suggested to be done from the year
2018-19 on onwards.
4) Climber growth hampering in natural regeration of bamboo will be cut and
removed.
5.7 - STATISTICS OF GROWTH AND YIELD.
For collection of data of growth and yield, inventory was designed with the sampling
intensity of 0.1 % and data was processed. Total area under bamboo, clumps per ha, culms
per ha, and yield from green damaged, dry and dry damaged bamboo were calculated
(Annexure XXIII). It was observed that proportion of green damaged, dry and dry damaged
bamboos in the clumps was high. Yield from green sound bamboo (from annual recruitment)
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was also calculated but it has flowered subsequently and dried up. Therefore, yield due to
green bamboo will be only incidental and not the main object of the working circle. The
following correlation factors of Forest Survey of India were used for various categories of
culms to find out equivalent green weight of the green damaged, dry and dry damaged
bamboo:
Dry sound culm - ½ green sound culm
Dry damaged culm - ¼ green sound culm
Green damaged culm - ½ green sound culm
Decayed culm - 0
Regarding the weight, 50 big bamboos or 250 small bamboos are taken to weigh one
ton. The approximate yield of different category of bamboo is given in table below.
Table – 30: Approximate yield of green and dry bamboo.
Sl
no. Name of the State forest
CPT
No. Kind
Approximate yield of
green sound culm over
two seasons old
* Approximate yield of
dry bamboo
Total nos. Tonnes Total nos. Tonnes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1 Mavukal and Devamachi 17 Big 43384 867.68 80570 1611.40
2 18 Big 18170 363.40 162803 3256.00
3 19 Big 108059 2161.18 349467 6989.00
Total : 169613 3392.26 592840 11856.40
50 % of yield 84806 1696 296420 5928
* The approximate yield of dry bamboo is based on the growing stock assessment on
availability of dry sound culm and dry damaged culms during the inventory done in the year
2010-11.
In no way, this yield should be treated as prescribed yield. There is no green bamboo
availablein the division nowfor extraction. Even the extraction of dry bamboo in the present
scenario is not economic.
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CHAPTER VI
WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE
6.1 –This is an overlapping working circle comprising of reserved forest and surrounding
Paisari lands transferred to forest department. Total area under this working circle is
33465.184 ha.In Virajpet division, the types of forests vary from evergreen to dry deciduous
and wildlife can be seen in all these forest areas. Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests are
confined to Makut and Mundrote ranges whereas deciduous forests are found in Thithimathi
range. In Mundrote and Makut ranges, the forest is a continuous stretch of evergreen and
semi-evergreen vegetation with two wildlife sanctuaries adjoining to it. These are
Bhrahmagiri and Talakaveri wildlife sanctuaries. The animals have vast area for their
movement and usually do not come out of the forests. Hence in these areas man-animal
conflict is very rare.
6.2 - Thithimathi and Ponnampet ranges are surrounded by Nagarahole national park (Rajiv
gandhi national park) which covers and area of 643.39 sq.kms. The park comprises mixed
forests, teak plantations and scrub jungle. It is rich in bio diversity both in terms of flora and
fauna. The movement of animals from the national park to the adjoining areas of Virajpet
division is very common. Among the important mammals found in the National Park are
Asian or Indian elephant (Elephas maximus), Tiger (Panthera tigris), Leopard (Panthera
pardus), Wild dog (Cuonalpinus), Sambar (Cervus unicolor), Chital (Axis axis), Muntjac
(Muntiacus muntjac), Wild boar (Sus scotei). In view of this, it is necessary to ensure that all
forestry operations are carried out in these forest areas in such a manner as to contribute to
the improvement of the natural habitat conducive to wildlife preservation. The invasive
weeds like Lantana, Eupatorium etc which do not form part of elephant food should be
eradicated. Indigenous species that are preferred by the elephants should be planted. Steps
should be taken to augment and conserve the water resource. De-silting and deepening of
tanks should be undertaken. Intensive protection measures against smuggling and poaching
should be taken. Since gregarious flowering has taken place in this forest area, strict control
of fire and grazing is to be ensured for proper regeneration of bamboo for next 5 years.
Immunization of the domestic cattle should be done to halt the spread of any epidemic among
the wildlife. The villagers and tribal people living in and around forest areas should be
organized to form village forest committees (VFC)/ eco development committees (EDC) for
the protection and conservation of forest and wildlife. Collection of NTFPs should be through
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the local Large Area Multipurpose society and any method of collection that has a
detrimental effect on the habitat of the forests should be strictly avoided. Efforts should be
made to change the cropping pattern in the adjoining private land through persuasive methods
preferably to adopt wildlife friendly crops like tubers, climbers and valuable tree species
instead of agricultural crops. The protective staff should be equipped with sufficient arms,
ammunition and wireless equipment for effective communication.
6.3 -In these areas the coffee estates and other agricultural lands are adjoining to the forest
area. During nighttime, the animals try to move out of the forests to enter into the coffee
estates and other agricultural lands in search of water and food. During the summer season,
because of water scarcity, movement of elephants out side the forests especially in the
western part of Thithimathi range is quite common. The intermittent coffee plantations and
narrow corridors have resulted in man-animal conflict. Though steps have been taken in
Hunsur wild life division to dig elephant proof trenches bordering Thithimathi range and
erecting solar fence around Brahmagiri wildlife sanctuary to an extent of 5 kilometers, the
problems of man-animal conflict have not been reduced. The measures like permanent
elephant scaring camps, regular maintenance of elephant proof trenches/solar fence in the
vulnerable areas are necessary to reduce man-animal conflict. In special cases, translocation
of rouge elephants may also be considered. The solar fence that has been erected between
Maldare to Devamachi villages needs to be maintained effectively. Prompt and timely
payment of ex-gratia will help in earning goodwill amongst the local people who in turn
would participate in conservation and preservation of wildlife. The details of the ex-gratia
payment made for loss of life/permanent disability and for crop damage/cattle kill are given
in the Annexure XXVI.
6.4 - The details of natural and unnatural death cases of wild elephants in Virajpet Division
from 2001-02 to 2011-12 is given in Annexure XXVII (a) and (b). Priority should therefore
be given to excavation of elephant proof trenches all along the outer boundary of forests to
check the entry of the wild animals, especially elephants, in the adjoining crop lands and
other areas of human habitation. Already a stretch of 35.50 Km Elephants Proof Trenches
(EPTs) and 78.135 Km solar fence have been made along the forest boundary touching
villages shown in Map. The details of EPT dug and solar fencing erected are given in
Annexure XXVIII. The digging of EPT may be continued till the entire stretch human
elephant conflict zone is covered. This EPT has to be maintained periodically at least every
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3rd
year to make it effective. The damage points of EPT along the periphery of forests
through which elephants commonly gain entry into the private lands should be identified and
immediate steps should be taken to repair the EPT in those locations. Such points should also
be marked on the beat maps. The concerned local beat guard should ensure that trenches so
dug remain effective. The outer side of the mounds formed should be planted with Agave,
Euphorbia species etc. and the inner sides with bamboo at close spacing in two rows so as to
make it impenetrable. This will help in bringing down the incidence of crop damage, loss of
life etc. in the surrounding areas and thereby significantly reduce man-animal conflict. This
will also save substantial amount of money, which is presently being spent towards the
payment of compensation for loss of crop and other damages. Solar fencing should be erected
if necessary in the high human elephant conflict zone. Wherever EPT and solar fencing are
not effective, special structures like erection of spike pillars, construction of rubble stone
walls etc should be done. Deepening of EPT by blasting of rocks should be done on need
based basis.
6.5 - For the purpose of improvement of wildlife habitat and to mitigate the human elephant
conflict a comprehensive action plan program covering all the important required activities
has been proposed and the details are given in Annexure XXIX (a to f).
6.6 - A set of guidelines issued by the Chief Wildlife Warden, Karnataka for General
management of wildlife in forest areas outside the Protected Area Network are given
below:-
1. Eco –restoration of the habits by way of moderating the pressure of human demands and
allowing the nature to heal the scars of over exploitation of the habitats including
replacement of exotic species of plants which do not form part of wildlife food, with
indigenous forest species for enrichment of habitat;
2. Habitat manipulation and better preservation of bio-tope including plantations of trees
and fodder species fire protection, prevention of erosion and denudation, removal of
unwanted species of flora and protection from floods;
3. Augmentation of water supply, facilities for ponds, dams, wells and for transportation of
water and pumping of water;
4. Census of wildlife in reserves by aerial and / ground survey, enumeration / survey and
status of wild animals;
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5. Construction works of roads and buildings for patrolling, supervision research and
accommodation of staff concerned with the development and management of wildlife
services to be located close to the wildlife rich areas;
6. Enrichment of the natural habitats through development of cover, water resources, salt
licks, soil and water conservation etc., wherever necessary;
7. Direct measures to mitigate man-beast conflict: May include creation of barriers
depredations control squads, early warning systems etc;
8. Indirect measures to mitigate man animal conflicts: Development of pasture lands and
woodlands on available community lands and Government lands outside the wildlife
habitats, establishment of alternate systems to meet sustenance need of forest-dependent
human populations, popularization of Non-Conventional Energy systems, changes in
Socio-economic practices which lead to intensification of conflict with wildlife;
9. Compensation for depredation by wild animals;
10. Assistance should be provided for constitution of awards, for exemplary work to the
subordinate staff. Awards would be confined to subordinate staff up to the level of Asst.
Conservator of Forests whereas certificate/citation/medals could be given to the officers
above the rank of Assistant Conservator of Forests;
11. Adoption of alternative schemes, such as crop insurance system;
12. Ecological restoration of critical elephant migration corridors and routes;
13. Capture and translocation of problem populations of elephants, translocation and /
elimination of established rouge elephants crop degrading wild boars;
14. Immunization of cattle in fringe of elephant reserves;
15. Setting up well equipped squads at strategic points to help the villagers in chasing away
wild elephants;
16. Erecting electric fences at strategic places;
17. Demarcation and Consolidation of corridors by procuring land (if approved by
Government of India);
18. Capturing of elephant (If approved by Government of India);
19. Publicity and awareness program in and around wildlife habitat;
20. Research/monitoring works and ;
21. Eco-tourism in these areas has an indirect effect of affording protection to Wildlife and
hence it could be encouraged;
Control and records: The records on seasonal movement of elephants and their migratory
behavior should be maintained.
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Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 90
CHAPTER VII.
NON TIMBER FOREST PRODUCES OVERLAPPING WORKING CIRCLE.
7.1 - GENERAL CONSTITUTION OF THE WORKING CIRCLE.
This overlapping working circle consists of Mavukal and Devamachi reserved forest,
and some extent of surrounding paisari land which has been transferred to forest department.
It also includes Deverakadus which are protected areas. Makut and Mundrote ranges have
evergreen and semi-evergreen types of forests. The local populations, mostly non-tribals, do
not depend on the minor forest produce found in the nearby forests. It is only in the moist and
dry deciduous forest zone of Thithimathi range where the tribals among the local
communities have a stake in the management of minor forest produce. There are thirteen
tribal colonies in and around Mavukal and Devamachi reserved forests. So far Hakku Patras
for 292.685 acres of forest land have been given to 237 such tribal families under the
Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act,
2006 and Rules 2008 as shown in Annexure-XLIX (a&b). These families depend for their
livelihood partly on cultivation and partly on collection of minor forest produce. They also
earn good wages by working in the surrounding coffee estates.There is also a Large Area
Multipurpose Society (LAMPS) in the area based at Thithimathi with a tribal person as its
President and RFO Thithimathi is one of the members. The LAMPS either through its
members or through the other tribals living in and around these forests in the division,
collects or markets various minor forest produces.
7.2 - SPECIFIC OBJECTS OF MANAGEMENT.
In view of the changes in the policies, unrestricted harvesting of minor forest produce
and realizing higher revenue are no longer the important objectives of management; instead,
the emphasis is on conservation and people‘s participation in the management of these
resources. Following are the special objectives in this working circle:
1. To ensure sustainable use of forests by streamlining the collection of non-timber
forest produce on scientific basis compatible with sound silvicultural principles to
maintain its potential to meet the needs and aspirations of the present and future
generation.
2. To involve the local people, especially the tribal communities living in and around
the forest areas and also in the VFC areasin the sustainable management of
resources.
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3. To motivate and train the forest dependent communities in protection,
improvement, harvesting and disposal of non-timber forest produces including
non destructive collection, processing and marketing of value added products.
7.3 - ALLOTMENT OF AREA.
The total area under these working circle is 6466.429 ha as indicated in the table
below.
Table – 31(a): Area allotted under NTFP overlapping working circle
Name of the forest Extent
1. Devamachi and Mavukal reserved forests
(Compartments – 16,17,18 & 19)
4782.562 ha*
2. Surrounding Paisari lands transferred to forest department
(in the moist and dry deciduous zone)
82.23 ha.
3. Devarakadus, Ambala and Mandu (protected forests) 1601.637 ha.
Total : 6466.429 ha.
Though several minor forest produces are available in these forests all of them can not
be permitted for exploitation. The main reason for this is to prevent any injury or damage to
`the trees. The species which are either ecologically endangered or have endemic distribution
also need to be protected from any exploitation. The important naturally occurring Non
Timber Forest Produces available in the division are listed below:
Table 31 (b): Naturally occurring NTFPs
1. Seege kai (Fruits of Acacia concinna).
2. Vate huli (Fruits of Artocarpus lakucha).
3. Tree moss.
4. Honey.
5. Bee wax.
6. Nellikai (Fruits of Emblica officinalis).
7. Dhupa (Exudation of Vateria indica)
8. Pannerale (Fruits of Syzygium jamboos).
9. Kotte Hannuu (Fruits of Zizyphus
rugosa).
11. False Rampathre (Fruits and seeds of Myristica
beddomi).
12. Ramphatre (Fruits and seeds of Myristica fragrans).
13. Bhootha rudrakshi (Fruits and seeds of Elaeocarpus
tuberculatus).
14. Fruits of Garcina Morella and Garcina gummigutata.
15. Exudates of Kingiodendron pinnatum.
16. Exudates of Canarium strictum.
17. Bark of Gulmavu (Persia macarantha).
18. Bark of Nothapodytes foetida.
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10. Rakthamara (Fruits and seeds of Knema
attenuata).
19. Pods of Sterculia alata.
20. The Cilmber Concnium fenstratum.
With the coming of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers
(Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 and the distribution of ―Community rights‖
generally covering the right to collect NTFP in forest areas. It is important that items of
NTFP that are being collected are listed and prescribed for collection. Thus the following are
the details and prescriptions for NTFPs collection.
1) Fruits of Syzygium jamboos: Trees of S.jambos (Pannerale) occur quite frequency in
the evergreen forests of Virajpet division. This is actually a small tree nature to South
East Asis. It has yellow or reddish fruits, which are hollow and taste like apple.
Collection of this NTFP may be allowed subject to the conditions that branches are
not broken in harvest and that more than two third of the fruits on any tree are not
removed.
2) Fruits of Zizyphus rugosa (Kotte Hannu): This tree is quite locally abundant in the
grass lands abutting evergreen patches. It gives white or pinkish fruits which are not
very sweet, but are considered of more medicinal value than other Zizyphus.
Collection of the fruits may be allowed with the same condtion as that for S.Jambos.
3) Fruits and seeds of Knema attenuate (Rakthamara), Myristica beddomi (False
Rampathre) and Myristra fragrans (Rampathre): Collection of this NTFP is done,
more off record in a clandestine way, than overtly. The species if found in the
evergreen forests of Virajpet, but the species needs to be conserved. It shoud either be
not allowed for being, collected. If at all it is needed, some collection may be allowed
but not with a frequency of more than once in three years.
4) Fruits and seeds of Pseudo Rudraksh: Trees of Elaeocarpus tuberculatus (Bhootha
rudrakshi), E.serratus and E.pblongus give seeds which resemble the real rudraksh
(E.ganitrus). Whereas E.tuberculatus is found commonly in the evergreen forests of
Virajpet division, the other species are infrequent to rare. Hence it is prescribed that
collection of E.tuberculatus be allowed but that of all other species of the genus not
be done.
5) Fruits of Emblica officinalis (Nellikai): The species is seen manly in the drier parts of
the division. The fruits rich in vitamin C are in demand for its various uses, including
medicinal. Fruits may be allowed to be collected with the restriction as in case of
S.Jambos.
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6) Fruits Artocarpus lakoocha (Vate huli): The trees of this species are frequently found
in the semi evergreen areas of the division. The species needs a bit of conservation. It
may be permitted to be collected with the same restriction as in case of S.Jambos, but
only in alternate years.
7) Fruits of Garcina Morella and Garcina gummigutata: The trees of thses species are
found in the evergreen areas, but are not very frequent. It may be conserved as in the
case of Knema and Myristica dealt with above.
The extraction of the following items is completely prohibited is any area-
1) Exudates (white damer and black damer) of Vateria indica and Canarium strictumand
oil fromKingiodendron pinnaturn.
2) The bark of Persia macarantha (Gulmavu) and that of Nothapodytes foetida (that
gives on anti cancer drug valued highly to the market).
3) Any item that would qualify to be called a ―wildlife article‖ in the Wildlife Protection
Act 1972.
4) The pods of Sterculia alata.
5) The Climber Coscnium fenstratum.
To avoid overexploitation,the use of NTFP should be in such a manner and at such
rate that does not lead to the long time decline of biological diversity.The concerned Range
Forest Officer and his staff will closely supervise all works of collection and ensure that there
is neither any violation of lease agreement nor damage to any trees.
7.4 - METHOD OF SALE.
As per the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition
of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 and Rules 2008 and Amendment Rules, 2012the forest
dwelling tribes living in and around the forests will be allowed to collect, use and dispose off
NTFP which has been traditionally collected within or outside village boundaries. The
committee constituted under Grama Sabha has to prepare conservation and management plan
for community forest resources in order to sustainably and equitably manage such community
forest resources for the benefit of forest dwelling Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional
Forest Dwellers and integrate such conservation management plan with the working plan of
the forest department after Forest Dwellers rights on such resources are recognized.
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Presentaly, biannual lease is being taken by the Large Area Multipurpose Co-
operative Society (LAMPS), Thithimathi.The LAMPS makes its request to the Deputy
Conservator of Forests, Virajpet for renewal of biannual lease for collection of specified
NTFPs. The LAMPS will enter into an agreement with the forest department for the purpose
with the conditions as envisaged in the Government Order No: FEE 10 FDP 2001 dated :
20.07.2001. The DCF will insist that only 50% of the NTFPs will be allowed to collect by the
LAMPS so that sufficient NTFPs are left behind for perpetutation of the species and to meet
the dietary needs of the wildlife. This agreement will exclude the JFPM areas. In JFPM areas,
the LAMPS will not be allowed to collect NTFP. In such cases, the NTFP will be collected
by the VFCs and the sale proceed will be shared between the VFCs and the Government as
per the prevailing Government order. As the procedure being followed in the division is in
conformity with the current policy of the Government, the same may be continued in future
also. The LAMPS has to improve the facilities for storage, transport, value addition,
marketing etc. so that the society may earn more remunerative prices from the NTFPs
collected and marketed by it.
In Mundrote range 30 ha rubber plantations and 56 ha cashew plantations were raised
in compartment No: 55 during the period from 1967 to 1970 and from 1980 to 1982
respectively. An extent of 29.42 ha cashew plantation was raised during the period from 1936
to 1956. All these plantations will be left to merge with the natural forest due to their
diminishing yield.
7.5 - GENERAL MEASURES.
1. No NTFPs will be allowed to collect from the areas alloted under protection working
circle with the exception of the cases provided under Forest Right Act.
2. The collection of NTFPs should be done in a systematic, scientific and controlled manner.
Non destructive methods of extraction have to be followed. Therefore there should be
proper supervision at the field level to avoid any harm to the trees. The responsibility to
the proper compliance of agreement conditions will be with the Range Forest Officer
concerned. In case of any violation of agreement conditions, he should report the matter
to the Deputy Conservator of Forests for taking penal action against the
society/contractor.
3. It will be the responsibility of the LAMP society to ensure that during summer season the
local tribals engaged in the collection of NTFPs do not set fire to the forests to facilitate
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collection of any item and that they extend all co-operation to the local staff to keep the
forests free from fire. In the interest of sustainability of forest and wildlife, the sensitive
areas having the problem of over-exploitation, smuggling, poaching, fire etc. may be
ordered for closure.
4. The Deputy Conservator of Forests should ensure that LAMP society/VFCs etc.,submit
regular monthly returns of the quantity of NTFP collected and disposed off. This
information will give an idea about the correct potential of particular non timber forest
produce in the division.
5. The restricted items found during the routine perambulation of the staff should be sent to
the concerned Range Forest Officer for safe custody. Range Forest Officer in turn will
give regular report in this regard to Deputy Conservator of Forests.
6. In case the seeds of any species included in the list of non timber forest produces are
required for departmental purpose, the society/contractor will have to supply the same to
the Department on priority as per the rates fixed by the Silviculturist, Madikeri.
7. The LAMP Society has to comply all the conditions cited in the prevailing government
order and also the agreement.
8. The Deputy Conservator of Forests should sensitize the LAMPS and the tribal community
through awareness program regarding method of collection, the time of harvesting, its
grading, storage and value addition for economically important species for sustainable
management. The DCF should develop a good practice guide for sustainable harvesting,
grading, effective storing and value addition. The tribal community and the VFCs need to
workout and agree on sustainable harvesting methods as a collective enterprise.
9. The Deputy Conservator of Forests should verify the present status of the NTFP yielding
species in the division by special studies and if he finds that, specific NTFP species
comes under RET status in the division should stop harvesting of such species.
The details of NTFP tree species recorded during the inventory work in RFs and
Devarakadus have been given in Annexure XXIV.
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CHAPTER - VIII
MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS
8.1 - Forest lands consolidation and Management
The pressure on forest land for encroachment is growing day by day. The single
biggest challenge before the Forest Department is to effectively consolidate and manage the
forest lands. The forest lands of Virajpet Division have got the same problem. Highest
priority should be given on the consolidation of forest land for the following reasons :
a. Growing encroachments of forest lands
b. Imperfect or non-existent legal titles to the forest lands
c. Delays in settlement and notification of the lands notified under Section 4 of
KFA, 1963.
d. Lack of effective approach to tackle the ‗other lands‘ i.e., the lands under the
control of Forest Department.
As per the CF Working Plan, Mysore office record, 179.75 Km, 10.5 Km and 75 Km
boundaries were surveyed and demarcated during the year 2003-04, 2004-05 and 2007-08 in
the division.
8.1.1 - Growing encroachments of forest lands: It is due to lack of knowledge of correct
boundary and limits of forest areas amongst the staff; lack of maintenance of boundaries in a
manner that dissuades encroachments while clearly highlighting the actual boundaries; lack
of adequate numbers of frontline staff; Growing apathy of officials towards regular
perambulation of boundaries; lack of clear titles to the land parcels.
8.1.2 - Imperfect and/or non-existent legal titles to the lands: Lack of clear property rights
on the forest lands by the Forest Department is a great obstacle to the work of consolidation
of forests. It is reported that, 100 percent mutation in revenue records have taken place for the
reserved forests while mutation has yet to be done for Section 4 notified area and other
category of forest lands.
It also needs investigation whether the titles in revenue records in respect of mutated
lands indicate correct mutation or only in column 11 (i.e., the custodian) instead of column 9
(i.e., owner).
8.1.3 - Delays in settlement of forests: Seventeen areas have been notified under section 4
of KFA, 1963 and one area has been notified under Section 4 of Mysore Forest Act XI of
1900. However, the settlement process has not started in most of the cases. In most cases
even the mandatory proclamations under Section 5 – that prevent any alienation of the land
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by the revenue authorities - have not been issued, leading to possibility of encroachment as
well as creation of rights on such lands in favour of private individuals. Non posting of the
Forest Settlement officers and the apathy or the workload of the Sub-divisional Revenue
officers who are designated as the FSOs is hampering the settlement process.
8.1.4 - Lack of effective approach to tackle the ‘other lands’ i.e., the lands under the
control of Forest Department: The division has other land tenures like Paisari, Uruduve,
Devarakadu, Jamamalai etc. In some such areas, plantations have been raised. However, the
legal status of such lands still continue to be with the revenue department and not yet mutated
in favour of the forest department.
In this context, it becomes imperative to prioritise the consolidation of forest lands as
a major item of forest management with the following objectives.
1. To consolidate the physical and tenurial status of notified forest lands in the divisions;
2. To consolidate the physical and tenurial status of other lands under the control of the
Forest Department and;
3. To put in place a mechanism for regular monitoring and consolidation of all forest
lands leading to better protection and conservation of forest lands ;
8.2 - Suggested Management Approach
Following strategies are suggested for effective consolidation and management of
these forest lands.
Survey and demarcation immediately on a war footing. This should be done on the
basis of revenue land record system;
Survey and maintenance at every 10 years interval should be done. Already existing
cairns / boundary pillars should be maintained and additional new cairns / boundary
pillars should be fixed along the forest boundary abuting to private land and Kerala
state boundary as shown in Annexure – XXXV (a);
Immediate action to get the tenure status appropriately depicted in the revenue
records. It is necessary to integrate the forest tenurial status in Bhoomi database. The
Revenue Department should be moved to issue separate ‗Khatas‘ in case of forest
lands. Such a move will enable locking the tenure status of forest lands in the
‗Bhoomi‘ Master databases, preventing any malpractice of granting of forest lands by
the Revenue Department.
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In several forests, some survey numbers are partly included in the forest area. In such
areas ‗phodi‘ of the forest lands should be done to clearly reflect the boundaries of the
forest land on the revenue maps. Since this work of survey of Government lands has
been taken up by the Commissioner, Survey Settlement and Land Records,
opportunity should be taken to discuss with Commissioner, to get the ‗phodi‘ of the
forest land survey numbers done immediately.
Maps clearly showing the boundary of the forest lands on the revenue map should be
provided to the frontline staff to enable understanding of the boundaries.
Considering the ‗real estate‘ value of these lands and consequent possibilities of
encroachment, it is important to provide physical barriers (such as walls etc) to
demarcate the forest boundaries at least in respect of forests located in the peri-urban
areas in other areas also erection of permanent boundary pillars should be fixed. It is
necessary to consolidate devarakadus by digging CPT.
Lack of appropriate signage is a distinct feature along the boundaries of most of the
forest areas. The provisions of the Forest Manual and Forest Code in this regard have
been given complete go by, swept away by the juggernaut of implementation of
externally aided forestry projects. Provision of appropriate signage at every entrance
to the forest is the first step towards providing awareness and consequently deterrence
of intrusion into forest lands. The sign boards should show the details of notification,
extent, rough boundary sketch and other important features.
Maintenance of records in respect of notified forest lands is to be done properly. The
existing mechanisms of office inspection by the superior officers, which are expected
to provide appropriate checks and balances should be in full spirit.
While most of the above suggestions hold true in case of Section 4 notified areas too,
certain specific suggestions are considered in order:
o Need for resurvey of some of the areas, as the maps drawn up during the initial
survey and preparation of draft notification, do not correspond to the village
maps and do not help in correctly locating the boundaries of the lands. The
quality of the draft boundary notifications in terms of their ability to be
translated into closing polygons on village maps is poor in most of the cases.
This is essentially due to lack of proper referencing of boundary description
vis-à-vis permanent land marks such as geographical features, village survey
numbers. Etc. There is need for a serious relook on this.
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o Need for recorrection or reissue of the draft notification correcting anomalies
in some of the areas if any, regarding the village survey numbers and/or
extents of the area notified.
o Hastening the process of settlement through constant interaction with the
Revenue Officials. Unless this is monitored on a continuous basis by all the
implementing and supervising officers, progress in settlement is likely to be
nil.
Section 4 proposed areas: There is also a category of lands which have been
proposed for notification under section 4. In respect of such lands, the following
approach is suggested:
o Resurvey of the areas and preparation of fresh maps on revenue village basis
indicating the actual status;
o Notification of the same;
o Pursuance of the settlement process and
o Physical consolidation of the boundary.
Other lands under the custody of Forest Department
o Preparation of inventory
o Physical verification of the inventory and the present status, including tenurial
status
o Consolidation in terms of tenure status and on the ground
Maintenance of records
o Maintenance of RF registers
o Maintenance of registers of plantations
o Creation and maintenance of register of lands under the control of the Forest
Department
After the survey and demarcation of the forest, the encroachments have to be removed
immediately and the areas should be consolidated with digging CPT, EPT, barbed wire
fencing etc., depending upon the situation. The details of encroachment is given in Annexure
XXV (a) to (c) and Annexure XLX (a) to (c).
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8.3 – Sandalwood Management
During the inventory for preparation of this plan, occurrence of sandalwood trees
have not been noticed in any sample plots of reserved forests as well as in devarakadus.
Sandalwood plantations have not been raised in the division.
Only few young sandalwood saplings have been observed during the field inventory
in scattered places specially on the EPT mounds in Thithimathi range. In the past, better
sandalwood growing trees were in paisari lands than in reserved forest. Therefore, a separate
working circle for sandalwood management has not been made in this present plan.
Sandalwood seedlings should be planted along with other local species in gap planting
prescribed under improvement working circle.
Prior to 2001, all sandalwood trees, including those growing on private lands, were
considered as Government property as per the Karnataka Forest Act, 1963 and Karnataka
Forest Rules, 1969. Extraction, transportation and trading of sandalwood were done by the
Forest Department. Private individuals were paid bonus and not the actual value of the
sandalwood extracted from their land. In order to encourage private individuals to grow
sandalwood trees in their lands, the Karnataka Forest Act, 1963 and Karnataka Forest Rules,
1969 were amended during 2001 and 2002 conferring ownership rights of sandalwood trees
growing on private lands to the land owners. Trading of sandalwood has been liberalized and
the farmers can sell the sandalwood to the Karnataka Forest Department or to the Karnataka
Handicrafts Development Corporation Limited (KHDCL) or to the Karnataka Soaps and
Detergents Limited (KSDL) after taking felling and transportation permission from the Forest
Department. If farmers opt to send the sandalwood to Government sandalwood depots, they
are paid as per prevailing market rates after deducting conversion charges. The KHDCL and
KSDL are permitted to purchase the sandalwood from the owner at prices negotiated by them
with the owner. In order to encourage the PSUs and other organizations to protect the
sandalwood trees growing in their lands/ premises, these organizations are treated as owners
and they can claim monetary benefit at the time of harvesting the sandalwood trees growing
in their lands.
The main objective of management will be i) to encourage sandal regeneration in the
forest areas and ii) to encourage the farmers and other private individuals and organizations
to grow sandalwood in private land providing quality seedlings and technical support.
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8.3.1 – Prescriptions:
1. A suitable block of 50 ha in Compartment No: 18 of Devamachi Reserved Forests
in Thithimathi range will be identified for developing in to sandal estate by
artificial planting. The area will be protected by erecting chain link mesh / solar
fence.
2. Gap planting of sandalwood seedlings along with other miscellaneous species
should be done in the improvement blocks every year.
3. Sandalwood seedlings should be raised for public distribution in Thithimathi
range.
4. Only dead and fallen trees may be allowed to extract from the forest and other
government lands under the custody of forest department.
5. Other regulations will be as per the provisions of the existing Forest Act and
Rules.
GROWING CONDITION & REGENERATION:
Sandal (Santalum album L. or East Indian Sandalwood) is a small evergreen tree
attaining a height of 12-13 meters with slender drooping as well as erect branching. It is quite
hardy, can grow in dry and degraded lands and over a variety of soils. Sandalwood tree is a
hermi root parasite. It can parasitize over 300 species from grass to another sandal plant.
Under gregarious growing conditions, self-parasitism is common. Sandalwood establishes
haustorial connections with the host plants and depends on them for its requirement of
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It can obtain other nutrients on its own. Seedlings are
found to survive without a host for 3 years but thereafter they tend to die. In a natural
population 2 percent of seedlings do not produce haustoria, and they fail to survive on their
own beyond three years of age.
Nursery Techniques :
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore has standardlized nursery practices to raise
quality seedlings of sandalwood. Sandal fruits, fresh from the tree or fallen on the ground are
collected during April-May and October-November from known superior populations and are
depulped by soaking in water and rubbing off the pulp on rough surface. Seeds are dried
under shade and stored in polythene bags. To hasten germination, seeds are soaked overnight
in 0.05% gibberellic acid (500 parts per million) solution for 16 hrs before sowing in
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germination beds. Seed beds of size 10mx1m are prepared with sieved sand : red earth in the
ratio 2:1. Nematicides in the form of Ekalux or Thimet at 500g per bed is mixed with soil, 4
kg (400 g seeds/ sq.m). Seeds are then spread uniformy over the bed covered with 2 cms of
sand and mulched with straw. The straw is removed once leaves appear. To prevent fungal
infections, beds are sprayed with 0.25% Diathene M-45 solution once in 15 days. Ekalux
solution (0.02%) sprayed once in a month prevents nematode attack. Beds are watered once
or twice day depending on the climatic conditions. Under semicontrolled conditions (mist
chamber/ green house/ shade house) pure sand in trays can be used as a germination medium,
following prophylactic measures cited above. Seed sowing should be carried out in the month
of December-January so that plantable seedlings are ready by subsequent monsoon period.
Seedlings are transplanted at two-leaf stage in containers (root trainers/ polybags).
Root trainers (270cc to 600cc) with potting media consisting of sand, soil, compost in the
ratio of 40:10:50 or sand, soil, compost, rice husk and characoal in the ratio of 25:15:50:5:5
sieved by 6x6 holes/sq.inch is best for raising quality seedlings of sandal. Polyvags (600cc to
1500cc) can be used with potting media consisting of sand, soil and farm yard manure or
compost in the ratio of 2:1:1 for production of sandal seedling in six months.
Nutritional enrichment of potting media by adding neem cake and SSP and
application of slow release fertilizers or periodic spray of nutrients boost the growth of
seedlings. Traditionally, Cajans cajan is used as primary host for sandal. However, Mimosa
pudica has been found to be better in terms of growth of sandalwood seedlings. To further
improve the growth of seedlings and for better survival, combined application of
biofertilizers Glomus fasiculatum and G.mossae is recommended. As a prophylactic measure
Diathene/Bavastin (0.25%) and Ekalux (0.02%) solutions are sprayed at monthly intervals.
Field Planting :
Healthy sandal seedlings having a height of about 25 to 30cm and collar diameter
approximately 3.0mm are planted in pits of 50 cm3 size with an espacement of 4m x 4m at
the onest of monsoon. Miscellaneous secondary forestry species are planted in separate pits in
a quincunx pattern. Some of the species which have proved as good hosts for sandal are
casuarina equisetifolia, Acacia nilotica, Pongamia pinnata, Cassia siamea, Albizia lebbeck
and Wrightia tinctoria.
Thithimathi range is adjoining to Nagarahole Tiger Reserve due to which movement
of wild animals is very common. Therefore for successful establishment of plantation, 2 to 3
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feet tall healthy seedlings raised in 8”x12” woven bags along with the primary host
(Mimuosa pudica) should be planted in pits of 0.50m x 0.50m x 0.50m size. As sencondary
host Albizia lebbeck/ Pongamia pinnata may be planted in separate pits in a quincunx pattern.
Farm yard manual @ 1m3
for 40 plants should be applied as basal dose at the time of planting
to the sandal seedlings. The area should be protected by chainlink fencing or solar fence to
avoid damage from elephant. The details of activities to be taken up under sandal
management are given in Annexure XXXII.
8.4 – Joint Forest Planning and Management
The Government of Karnataka had, vide Order No. AHFF 232 FAP 86 dated
12-4-1993, issued guidelines for the joint forest planning and management (JFPM)
programme in order to rehabilitate degraded forests (with density less than 0.25) with the
active involvement and participation of the local community on benefit sharing basis.
As most of the forest areas in the division fall in the category of more than 0.25
density,the scope of forming VFCs in the division is limited. However, under the framework
and guidelines of JFPM, there is tremendous scope to protect, conserve and consolidate
sacred groves existing in Virajpet division. These sacred groves are repositories of endemic
flora and have a high conservation value (Boraiah et al,). There are 25 medicinal tree species
of rare, endangered and threatened category present in these sacred groves (Kushalappa and
Bhagavat 2001). In addition to that, there is a scope to improve and conserve degraded areas
adjoining to forest enclosures. As per the above Govt. orders. 19 EDCs and 12 Village Forest
Committees have been formed in the Division under various projects/schemes such as JBIC,
KSFMBC and NAP-FDA covering an area of 1830.00 ha.
Under the JFPM, both afforestation and entry point activities have been taken up in
the VFCs / EDCs. Entry point activities such as desilting of tanks, digging of open well,
construction of jarubandi, repairing of temple, construction of temple compound etc., IG
activities such as assisting in dairy activity, piggery activity and opening of garment shop
were taken up.
8.4.1 - Specific objects of Management
1. To involve the local people in planning, protection, regeneration development and
management of degraded forest areas on a sustainable basis;
2. To protect, conserve and consolidate devarakadus and other government lands;
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3. To encourage sharing of the responsibilities as well as benefits due to the joint
forest planning and management between the Forest department and the local
people;
4. To improve the livelihood conditions of people living in the forest fringe villages;
5. To prevent encroachment, forest fires, illicit felling, smuggling of forest produce
and poaching of wild animals and to regulate grazing and to perform such other
functions which are helpful to develop forest resources.
No separate prescription has been made for the management of forest area coming
under this working circle. Depending upon in which working circle this parcel of forest land
has been originally included, the prescriptions given to that particular working circle would
be applicable. Whenever and wherever VFCs have enough funds under VFD fund, option
may be given to the VFCs to raise valuable plantations like NTFP.
Each village forest committee has a separate approved management plan. All the
forest areas included in the management plan will be taken up for managements as per the
prescriptions given under corresponding working circle. The sharing of usufructs and sale
proceed of forest produces has to be done as per prevailing government order. The NTFP
collection from the JFPM areas should be done by the concerned VFCs and the sale proceeds
should be shared by the VFCs and Govt. as per prevailing Govt. order. In case of
devarakadus, the sharing of forest produce between the government and the temple
committee should be done as per prevailing government order.
Presently, 06 VFCs are found to be active. Special measures have to be taken to
revive the other VFCs and also the EDCs for sustainability during the period of this plan.
8.4.2 - Prescription:
1) VFC/EDC and KFD to prepare joint Management plan for the areas identified for the
purpose.
2) VFC/EDC & KFD to conduct planning, protection, conservation and development of
degraded forest areas and other Government wastelands included in the Joint
Management plan.
3) Both VFC/EDC & KFD to perform its duties and responsibilities as per MOU and Joint
Management Plan and play an important role in the Management of JFPM areas.
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4) The VFC/EDC & KFD to play an important role in the development of any
Government land included for JFPM purpose.
5) The VFC/EDC & KFD to play an important role in enriching the forests by preventing
encroachments, forest fires, illicit cuttings, smuggling of forest produce and poaching of
wild animals and regulating grazing and such other functions which are needed to
develop forest resources.
6) There should be a conscious attempt to ensure that the benefits from JFPM areas go to
the people not as a philanthropic gesture from benevolent donor but as a token of
gratitude for responsible and honourable partnership in forest management and related
activities.
7) The rotation age of fuel wood plantations raised in JFPM area is as follows:
a) For Eucalyptusplantations – 14 years;
b) For Acacia auculiformis plantations – 20 years;
c) For Casuarina plantations – 10 years.
Devarakadus have to be demarcated properly as per the order under which they have
been constituted in the past and encroachments if any have to be evicted. The Village Forest
Committees in a more scientific and systematic way may manage these areas as per the
existing Government Orders so that the unique bio-diversity of these areas may be preserved.
The Devarakadus are thickly wooded areas. Previously these were attached to temples
and were looked after by village community. The total area of Devarakadus (including
Ambala and Mandu) in Virajpet division is about 1601.67 ha. The extent and distribution of
Devarakadu (including Ambala and Mandu) are given in the following table–
Table – 32: Rangewise extent of Devarakadu including Ambala and Mandu
Sl.No. Name of the Range Extent in ha
1 Virajpet 752.90
2 Ponnampet 717.67
3 Thithimathi 109.27
4 Mundrote 21.83
Total : 1601.67
Survey and demarcation and consolidation of sacred groves preferably through
digging CPT should be completed during the plan period.
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8.5 - Grazing
Grazing is an important biotic factor that causes a lot of damage to the forests of the
division. Uncontrolled grazing by large herds of unproductive cattle far beyond the carrying
capacity of the forests has put a lot of pressure on the forests. During summer season it also
causes fire problem in forests, as the grazers intentionally or accidentally set fire to forests.
Therefore, it is recommended to restrict grazing in the forests. Grazing may be allowed in
older plantation areas. However, all the regeneration areas have to be closed till the
regeneration is fully established. Grass cutting in these areas may be allowed on headloads
free of charge. People may be advised to switch over from local breed of cattle to improved
breed and they should be encouraged to stall feed their cattle.
8.6 - Fire Protection
Fire is a more serious problem in the moist and dry deciduous forests of Thithimathi
range than in the evergreen and semi-evergreen areas of Makut and Mundrote ranges. But fire
in the grasslands in the evergreen and semi-evergreen zone also causes damage to the Shola
forests. Ground fires, which are common, cause substantial damage to the ground flora and
fauna and to the regeneration. Due to recent gregarious flowering of bamboo, large quantity
of dry bamboo materials have accumulated in the forest making the forests in the division
more vulnerable for fire. The dead and fallen material of valuable trees also gets burnt due to
ground fire. It is always better to take preventive measures to check the outbreak of fire
instead of allowing it to happen and then trying to extinguish it. Re-clearing and fire tracing
work along the demarcation lines and other fire lines should be completed by the end of
December. The Sholas, which are susceptible to repeated fires from the adjoining grasslands,
should be identified and fire tracing around these should be completed well in time. Fire
sensitive areas should be marked on the range and division maps. Watch towers may be
constructed at vantage points and fire patrol parties should be stationed there to take prompt
action in the event of occurrence of any fire in the area. Special care needs to be taken in the
regeneration areas. All incidence of fire should be reported to the Deputy Conservator of
Forests and burnt areas should be marked on map. All such cases should be investigated to
take further necessary action in the matter.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 107
8.7 - Petty fellings
In exceptional circumstances to meet the departmental demand and research needs,
petty fellings can be done provided the number of trees do not exceed 5 in each case. Cases in
which the number exceeds 5 prior permission must be obtained from the Chief Conservator
of Forests (Working Plan).
8.8 - Research plots
The research plot trials are found in two locations in Tithimathi range. In addition to
that there are two permanent Linear Tree Increment (LTI) plots in Kerti Reserved Forests of
Makut Range. These are under the control of Conservator of Forests, Research, Madikeri.
Any operation in those areas and record keeping shall be done by the research wing, Madikeri
only. The list of research plots and other details are given in Annexure XXX.
8.9 - Buildings
New buildings for administrative convenience should be taken up by the division
depending on the availability of funds and needs. The existing buildings including forest rest
houses should be maintained. The details are given in Annexure XXXI.
8.10 - Farm Forestry
Planting in private lands/ farm forestry should be encouraged. Seedlings required by
the farmers should be got raised locally by providing necessary technical guidance and
assistance to them. Growing trees in the private lands will reduce pressure on forests and
therefore this activity should be encouraged and supported wholeheartedly. The farm
forestry program should be expeditiously implemented under various schemes like a NREGS,
‗Krishi Protsaha Yojana‘ etc.
8.11 - Application of Forest Management information system (FMIS)
Development of FMIS is essential to make timely and pertinent information available
for decision making which in turn is helpful for effective forest protection and management.
FMIS implementation may follow a four-pronged approach: (a) building up the capability of
staff to use and manage information; (b) facilitating the flow of information (c) mainstreaming
the use of information technology(IT), particularly database management systems, Geographic
information Systems (GIS) and internet connectivity; and (d) increasing the availability of key
reference data sets, such as an updated forest inventory. Emphasis has to be given to develop
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 108
FMIS and use effectively during the plan period. Forest boundary digitalization should be
completed during the first 3 years of the working plan period.
8.12 – Biodiversity Conservation
Assessment of status of plant and faunal species and their periodic monitoring can be
helpful in formulating strategies for conservation, maintenance and enhancement of overall
biodiversity thorough sustainable management and use practices. Assessment of biodiversity
especially the lower forms of life (algae, fungi, lichens, epiphytes, parasites, etc.) of a forest
division must be made an on-going programme with the support from State Biodiversity Board
during the plan period. Observations of interest may be recorded regularly to keep the track of
the dynamics of various factors, which are responsible, either for its current state or any change
(progressive/retrogressive) in the area.
8.13 – Afforestation and management of grassy blanks
There is not much scope for afforestation in the division as most of the area is already
under one or other type of vegetation. Therefore separate afforestation working circle has
not been proposed. The regeneration works which are required for the rehabilitation of
degraded forests or enrichment of the existing growing stock in the forest have already been
prescribed in the concerned working circles. Further, most of the grassy blanks in the
division are in the semi-evergreen or evergreen zone. As these grassy blanks are a part of the
existing vegetation in the locality, no planting work has been proposed in these areas.
Moreover, as these grassy blanks are excellent wildlife habitats, these can be maintained as
such. The only special measure to be taken in these areas is very intensive fire protection.
8.14 – Petty removal of dead and fallen trees
Some quantity of dead and fallen materials of Teak and Andaman Padak trees from
older plantations are available in an extent of about 10 ha area around Makut Forest Rest
House in compartment No. 30 of Kerti Reserved Forests. Such dead and fallen trees may be
removed after marking assessing strictly following the procedure. While removing the
materials, there should not be any damage to existing vegetation and regeneration. Only old
extraction paths should be used for carting the material.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 109
CHAPTER IX.
9.1 - General Financial Forecast and Financial Plan of operation
Various management prescriptions have been made in different chapters under each
working circle for achieving the goal and objectives of forest management. Adequate budget
provision is required to implement the prescriptions in letter and spirit.
Since 1991, felling of green trees has been banned except in the case of thinning and
harvesting of mature trees in fuelwood and teak plantations. In case of natural forest, only
dead, fallen and wild elephant-damaged trees are allowed to be removed. In the present
scenario, the forest is not looked up on as major revenue source but as important contributor in
providing ecological and hydrological services.
In this chapter, attempts have been made to make assessment of expected revenue and
estimated expenditure required for implementing the prescriptions made under different
working circles and for carrying out other plan and non-plan activities in the division. Required
estimated expenditure has to be met from the available funds under various schemes provided
by the State Government and the Central Government.
9.2 – Protection working circle
Total area under this circle is 26291.342 hectare. Various activities like gap-planting,
seed sowing, removal of invasive weeds like Lantana, soil and moisture conservation work and
tending works have been prescribed in different blocks during the plan period.
Estimated expenditure:
The estimated expenditure for implementation of the prescribed works is about
Rs.412.66 lakhs. The year wise estimated expenditure required during the plan period is given
in table-33.
Table:33: Estimated expenditure under protection working circle
Particulars of activities
Requirement of budget under PWC for 10 years with effect from 2014-2015 to 2023-2024 in lakhs
Total 2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
2017-2018
2018-2019
2019-2020
2020-2021
2021- 2022
2022-2023
2023-2024
Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin
Maintenance of anti smuggling camps (2 camps for the year 2014-15 and 2015-16 and there after 8 camps per year)
2.90 8.00 35.20 38.72 42.56 46.80 51.44 56.56 62.16 68.32 412.66
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 110
9.3 - Improvement working circle
Total area under this circle is 4864.792 hectare. Uner this working circle, extraction of
dead and fallen trees from specified forest blocks will be taken up. Improvement works like
gap planting, seed sowing, removal of invasive weeds like Lantana, soil and moisture
conservation work and tending works have been prescribed in different blocks during the plan
period.
Estimated expenditure and revenue
The estimated expenditure for implementation of the prescribed works is about
Rs.1055.649 lakhs. The expected revenue from the sale of timber and firewood due to
salvaging operations is estimated as is Rs. 1193.021 Lakhs. The year wise estimated
expenditure and revenue projected during the plan period is given in Table-34.
Sl no.
Particulars of activities
Requirement of budget under IWC for 10 years with effect from 2014-2015 to 2023-2024 in lakhs
Total 2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
2017-2018
2018-2019
2019-2020
2020-2021
2021- 2022
2022-2023
2023-2024
Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin
1
Gap Planting under ANR (Supplementary model) - 50 ha. each year
35.64 56.16 70.14 84.014 99.992 109.980 120.978 133.06 143.36 76.98 930.304
Table: 35__: Expected expenditure and revenue applying the yield restrictions during the plan period 2014-15 to 2023-24
Year
Expected quantity of timber (in cum)
Expected expenditure from timber extraction
(Rs. in Lakhs.)
Total expenditure (Rs. in Lakhs.)
Expected Revenue from timber
extraction (Rs. in Lakhs.)
2014-15 427.50 14.962 14.962 42.750
2015-16 351.58 13.544 13.544 38.673
2016-17 351.80 14.899 14.899 42.567
2017-18 351.80 16.394 16.394 46.789
2018-19 281.50 14.427 14.427 41.183
2019-20 330.50 18.624 18.624 53.177
2020-21 1129.50 7.003 7.003 199.921
2021-22 1129.50 7.703 7.703 219.913
2022-23 1129.50 8.471 8.471 241.938
2023-24 1129.50 9.318 9.318 266.110
Total 6612.68 125.345 125.345 1193.021
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 111
Note: The above estimated expenditure and expected revenue is only approximate based on the
quantity of timber and firewood assessed on the basis of number of trees per ha found during
inventory work.
9.4 - Teak Working Circle
Total area under this circle is 2309.04 hectare. Under this working circle, silvicultral
thinning of older teak plantations have been recommended. Also extraction of elephant
damaged trees and dead and fallen trees from the specified plantations have been suggested.
Expected revenue and estimated expenditure:The expected revenue from the sale of
timber and firewood due to thinning operations of older plantations is about Rs.172.236 Lakhs
(Table – 39) and estimated expenditure is about Rs.72.680 Lakhs as shown in Table-36
below.
Table: 36__: Expected yield after applying the yield restrictions during the plan period 2014-15 to 2023-24
Year
Expected quantity
of timber
(in cum)
Expected quantity of firewood (in cum)
Expected expenditure from timber
extraction (Rs. in Lakhs)
Expected expenditure
from firewood
(Rs. in Lakhs)
Total expenditure
(Rs. in Lakhs)
Expected Revenue
from timber
extraction (Rs. In Lakhs)
Expected Revenue
from firewood
(Rs. in Lakhs)
Total Revenue
(Rs. in Lakh.)
2014-15 - - - - - - - -
2015-16 117.48 176.22 4.523 1.410 5.933 11.748 2.643 14.391
2016-17 80.875 121.315 3.425 1.067 4.492 8.896 2.002 10.898
2017-18 122.550 183.830 5.710 1.783 7.493 14.792 3.336 18.128
2018-19 93.245 139.865 4.778 1.490 6.268 12.410 2.790 15.2
2019-20 146.225 219.290 8.240 2.565 10.805 21.392 4.813 26.205
2020-21 153.550 230.325 9.520 2.960 12.48 24.706 5.563 30.269
2021-22 79.470 119.205 5.419 1.686 7.105 14.066 3.164 17.23
2022-23 92.875 139.31 6.965 2.166 9.131 14.082 4.067 18.149
2023-24 82.965 124.455 6.845 2.128 8.973 17.771 3.995 21.766
Total 969.235 1453.815 125.345 17.255 72.680 139.863 32.373 172.236
Note: The above estimated expenditure and expected revenue is only approximate based on the
quantity of timber and firewood assessed on the basis of number of trees per ha found during
inventory work.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 112
9.5 - Bamboo Working Circle: The total area under this circle is 4864.792 hectare.
Different operations like engaging fire watchers, raising of bamboo seedbeds, raising of
bamboo plantations and SMC works have been proposed under this working circle. The
estimated expenditure Rs.224.191 lakhs.
Table –37: Requirement of budget for improvement of bamboo areas for the plan period
Sl no.
Particulars of activities
Estimated expenditure in lakhs Amount in lakhs
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
2017-2018
2018-2019
2019-2020
2020-2021
2021- 2022
2022-2023
2023-2024
Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin
1 Engaging watch & ward for 4 months Jan, Feb, Mar & April (in numbers @ the rate of 1 watcher /100 ha.) Area – 4864.792 ha.
7.771 8.548 9.703 10.673 11.74 12.914 14.206 15.626 17.189 18.908 127.278
3 Raising of Bamboo Plantations
4.00 5.775 7.015 8.443 9.288 10.223 11.243 12.364 13.601 14.961 96.913
Total: 11.771 14.323 16.718 19.116 21.028 23.137 25.449 27.99 30.79 33.869 224.191
9.6 – NTFP : The total area under this circle is 6466.429 hectare.The expected revenue to the
LAMPS will be about Rs.16.00 lakhs per annum.
9.7 - Wild Life Management working circle
Under this working circle Activities like construction of wild animals barriers, creation
of water facility and improvement of habitat etc., have been proposed to reduce human
elephant conflict. The estimated expenditure under this working circle are approximately
Rs.2047.40 lakhs.
Miscellaneous Regulations:
Forest land consolidation and Management: The estimated expenditure is about
Rs.60.91 lakhs during the plan period for consolidation of forest land.
Sandalwood management: The estimated expenditure is about Rs.169.43 lakhs during the
plan period for regeneration of sandalwood.
9.8. - Fire protection: The estimated cost for carrying out forest fire protection works is
Rs.111.41 Lakhs given in table below.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 113
Table- 38: Requirement of budget for fire protection.
Amount in lakhs
Sl no.
Particulars of activities
Year wise requirement of budget Total 2014-
15 2015-16
2016-17
2017-18
2018-19
2019-20
2020-21 2021-22
2022-23
2023-24
Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin Fin
1 Requirement of fire watcher for 4 months (December, January, Febraury & March) in numbers
7.00 7.70 8.47 9.31 10.24 11.26 12.38 13.61 14.97 16.47 111.41
9.9 - Summary of financial forecast
Summary of budgeting for estimated expenditure and expected revenue during the plan
period (2014-15 to 2023-24) under different working circle is given in table below. The
estimated total expenditure is calculated as Rs. 10808.436 Lakhs and expected revenue is
calculated as Rs.1525.257 lakhs.
Estimated expenditure and expected revenue during the plan period (2014-15 to 2023-24)
Table- 39:
Sl. No
Name of the working circle
For the revised plan As per previous plan
Expenditure in Lakhs
Revenue in Lakhs
Expenditure in Lakhs
Revenue in Lakhs
1 Establishment 6654.115 - 892.945 -
2 Protection working circle 412.66 - - -
3 Improvement working circle
1055.649 1193.021 187.615 -
4 Teak working circle 72.680 172.236 307.44 1702.20
5 Bamboo Working Circle 224.191 - 245.359 286.56
6 Miscellaneous Regulation
NTFP Management - 160.000 - 55.00
Wild Life management 2047.40 - - -
Fire Protection 111.410 - 30.00 -
Forest land consolidation and Management
60.91 - - -
Sandalwood management 169.43 - 14.10 -
Total: 10808.436 1525.257 1677.459 2043.76
Summary of yearwise budgeting for estimated expenditure and expected revenue
during the plan period is given in the table - 62 below. In calculating the estimated expenditure,
escalation rate for every year has been considered while the expected revenue has been
calculated based on present rate only.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 114
Year wise estimated expenditure and expected revenue projected during the plan period.
Table – 40:
Sl.
No Years
For the revised plan
Estimated expenditure in lakhs Expected revenue in
lakhs
1 2014-15 350.570 58.750
2 2015-16 841.177 69.064
3 2016-17 1321.103 69.465
4 2017-18 1281.040 80.917
5 2018-19 1258.909 72.383
6 2019-20 992.448 95.382
7 2020-21 1065.793 246.190
8 2021-22 1157.336 253.143
9 2022-23 1261.602 276.087
10 2023-24 1278.467 303.876
Total: 10808.436 1525.257
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 115
CHAPTER X.
ESTABLISHMENT AND LABOUR
10.1 -Optimum strength of staff both in executive and ministerial level is required for efficient
management of a division. Though the biotic interference in forest and human animal conflict
haveincreased considerably over period of time, the strength in frontline staff has not increased
proportionately to meet the challenges. Due to loss of habitat and elephant corridor human
elephant conflict has increased in the division bordering to Nagarahole National Park and
Brahmagiri and Talacauvery Wildlife Sacntuaries. Under such circumstances, it is essential to
increase the strength of forest guards and watchers to mitigate such problems. Therefore, it is
proposed to reorganize few existing beats in high human and elephant conflict zone of the
division as given in the table below.Fourteen additional beats and 68 additional requirements of
permanent watchers have been proposed.
Table – 41: TABLE SHOWING THE PROPOSAL FOR RE-ORGANISATION OF FOREST BEATS IN VIRAJPET DIVISION
Sl No
Range Section
No of Exisiting Forest
Beats
Beats Guards Forest Watcher
Name of the Exisiting Beat
Area of the
Exisiting Beat (Ha)
Additional Beats
Proposed
No of Permanen
t Forest Watchers existing in the beat
Additional No of
Permanent Forest
Watchers Proposed
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 Makut Kurat 2 1 Kurat 832.65 - 1 1
2 Porthotu 633.93 - - 1
2 Makut Udumbe 3
1 Yalapare 826.83 - - 2
2 Udumbe-I 323.53 - 1 -
3 Udumbe-II 342.13 - - 1
3 Makut Koolimakki 3
1 Panjaramakki 560.04 - - 1
2 Thenangaya 891.26 - - 2
3 Koolimakki 739.10 - - 1
4 Makut Matre 3
1 Matre-I 995.40 - 1 1
2 Matre-II 669.35 - 1 -
3 Kalangi 625.00 - - 1
5 Makut Arabithattu 3 1 Arabithattu-I 688.34 - - 1
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 116
2 Arabithattu-II 710.44 - - 1
3 Arabithattu-III 923.00 - - 2
6 Makut Watekolly 2
1 Watekolly-I 1041.00 - - 2
2 Watekolly-II - - 1
7 Makut Makut 1 1 Makut 1622.00 1 - 2
8 Mundrote Meenancherr
y 2
1 Kottanjeri 971.70 - - 2
2 Meenancherr
y 625.87 - 1 1
9 Mundrote Mundrote 1 1 Mundrote 782.10 - - 2
10 Mundrote Murukumotte 1 1 Murukumotte 1214.29 1 1 1
11 Mundrote Baikabbe-I 2
1 Mombail 703.61 - - 1
2 Baikabbe-I 688.16 - 1 1
12 Mundrote Baikabbe-II 2
1 Baikabbe-II 829.50 - 1 1
2 Angarakolly 886.32 - - 1
13 Mundrote Cheekad 3
1 Benjeri 1204.50 1 1 1
2 Cheekad 925.71 - - 1
3 Karimalai 957.15 - 1 -
14 Thithimathi Thithimathi 3
1 Singanur 1004.40 - 1 1
2 Devamachi 2062.40 1 - 4
3 Hebbale 1170.80 - - 3
15 Thithimathi Chennagi 2 1 Chennagi 756.00 - 1 1
2 Gaddige 2292.80 1 - 4
16 Ponnampet V Badaga 1 1 V Badaga 6158.77 - 1 1
17 Ponnampet Ponnampet 1 1 Ponnampet 8750.00 1 - 2
2 Nallur 7626.20 1 - 2
18 Ponnampet Kutta 2 1 Kutta
10248.08
1 - 2
2 Kanoor 8100.00 1 - 2
19 Ponnampet Hudikeri 2 1 Hudikeri 6845.09 - - 1
2 Birunani 7660.00 1 - 2
20 Virajpet Virajpet 1 1 Virajpet 8408.09 - - 2
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 117
21 Virajpet Ammathy 2
1 Siddapur 7852.40 1 - 2
2 Ammathy 5850.00 - 1 1
22 Virajpet Heggala 1 1 Heggala 6885.12 1 - 2
23 Virajpet Cheyandane 1 1 Cheyandane 8044.34 1 - 2
24 GTD Thithimathi 1 1 - - 1 3 2
Total : 14 17 68
In addition to the above, fifteen additional posts of Deputy Range Forest Officer and twelve
posts of additional ministerial staff have been proposed as shown in table given below.
Table – 42: STATEMENT SHOWING THE REQUIREMENT OF ADDITIONAL POSTS FOR DIFFERENT CADRES (FIELD STAFF
AND MINISTERIAL STAFF) AT DIVISIONAL LEVEL.
Sl No
Designation Sanctioned
posts Additional
posts proposed Remarks
1 2 3 4 5
1 ACFs 2 -
2 RFOs 7 -
3 Ministerial Staff
Manager 1 -
Suptds 1 -
FDA 8 1 Required for Virajpet Sub-division office.
SDA 10 -
Steno - 1 Required for Virajpet division office. A.S.O. - 1
IInd grade – Surveyor 1 -
Typist - 8 Required for Range
offices and sub-division offices.
4 Group D 9 1 Required for Virajpet Sub-division office.
5 Deputy Range Forest Officer 39 15
6 Drivers 3 -
7 Forest Guards 68 14
8 Forest Watchers 17 68
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 118
CHAPTER XI
CONTROL AND RECORDS
11.1 - The maintenance of records in the division needs improvement. The old records
regarding release, lease and de- notification of state forest which are not presently available
in the division should be procured from different other sources like Revenue Department
Office and Archives. The importance of maintaining various details concerning the working
plan prescriptions and regulation of work as per the working plan need be properly
emphasised. It is necessary to maintain various Forms with regard to the execution of
different works in the division as prescribed in the Karnataka Forest Code and the Karnataka
Forest Account Code. The control records as given in the concerned working circles should
be maintained scrupulously. Deputy Conservator of Forests should be primarily responsible
to ensure the receipt of all the periodical reports and returns from the Range Forest Officers
and for the further compilation and maintenance of these in his office. This information will
not only be necessary for systematic working in the division as per rules and procedure but
also for better planning of works in future in the division.
As per the Karnataka Forest Code, 1976, the following control records will be
prepared and maintained by the territorial DCF.
i. Control book
ii. Record book
iii. Control journal
iv. Control maps
v. Register of deviations from the working plan
vi. Register of statements of sanctioned working plan
The division should have division map on 1:250000 scales, range map on 1:50000
scales and beat map on 1:10000 or 1:7920 scales on topo sheet. The territorial DCF will
annually make entries in his copy of the control forms and send these together with the
deviation statements in triplicate to the working plan CF through the territorial CF. The
working plan conservator will send three copies of deviations statement to the PCCF(HOF)
through the CCF (WP) for sanction.
The control forms should be submitted by the territorial DCF to the territorial CF on
or before 1st December and the latter should send them to the working plan CF on or before
January each year.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 119
11.2 - Deviation:
As per Karnataka Forest Code, 1976 in Para 45, it is stated that ― When a Working
plan has received the sanction of government, no deviation shall take place from its
prescriptions‖.
As per Para 83 & 84 of National Working Plan Code, 2004. ―all deviations, which
permanently alter the basis of management laid down in a working plan, will require prior
sanction of the PCCF. All deviations, which do not permanently alter the basis of
management and with the necessity of which he agrees, may be approved and sanctioned by
the Working Plan Conservator on behalf of the PCCF. In case where there is difference of
opinion between the Working Plan Conservator and the Territorial Conservator, the former
will refer them to the PCCF for instructions. The PCCF/CF WP, as the case may be. Will
countersign the deviation statement. Minor deviations can be sanctioned at the level of the
CF Working Plan or the PCCF as the case may be; but the PCCF, before sanctioning the
major deviations of following nature, will necessarily take prior approval of the Regional
CCF of the Ministry of Environment & Forests‖.
i. Change in silvicultural system;
ii. Clear felling of natural forest;
iii. Formation of new felling series; and
iv. Large scale felling due to natural calamities, which cannot be adjusted against
future yield.
Deviation occurred due to fire or any sudden accident necessitating a sudden change
of the plan may be sanctioned by the CF, working plan in anticipation of approval from the
PCCF.
All proposals involving deviation, which require the sanction shall be submitted by
the DCFs through their respective territorial CFs.,
All deviations sanctioned either by the PCCF(HOF) or CF, Working plan should be
intimated to the territorial CF & territorial DCF.The proforma for register of deviation is
given in Appendix-V.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 120
CHAPTER XII.
Summary of Prescriptions
12.1 - Basis of proposal
The Plan deals with the entire territorial division of Virajpet comprising of Virajpet,
Ponnampet, Makut, Mundrote and Thithimathi ranges.
12.2 - General Objects of Management :
1. To maintain environmental stability and ecological balance by adopting measures to
protect, preserve and enrich the existing natural forests with variety of flora and fauna.
2. To apply a system of management which will ensure maximum degree of protection to soil
and maintain the forest cover in good condition.
3. To maintain or improve natural and man made forest structure and growth in non-
degraded areas to ensure long term sustainability of forest production.
4. To rehabilitate and increase the economic value and utility of the degraded forests.
5. Consistent with the above objectives, to ensure sustainable use of forests to meet the
needs of the people, especially the rural and tribal people, living in the vicinity of forests.
6. To encourage tree planting in private lands and to meet the local demand of forest
produce to a great extent from these areas.
7. To create a massive awareness movement and to ensure people's participation and
involvement in all round protection and development of forests.
12.3 - Constitution of Working Circles:
1 Protection working circle.
2 Improvement working circle.
3 Teak plantations management working circle.
4 Bamboo overlapping working circle.
5 Wildlife management overlapping working circle,
6 NTFP overlapping working circle.
7 Miscellaneous regulations – land consolidation, Sandalwood regeneration, JFPM
fire protection etc.,
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 121
CHAPTER II.
12.4 - Protection working circle.
This working circle consists of evergreen and semi-evergreen forest areas of
Mundrote and Makut Ranges. This working circle has been prescribed with a view to
affording complete protection to the sensitive forests of the division that are very rich in bio-
diversity.
A brief account the information under this working circle is given in the tabular form
below:
1 Name of the reserved forest included
in the working circle
Padinalknad RF and Kerti RF.
2 Total area under the working circle 26291.342 ha
3 Protection activities Strict protection from fire, encroachment and other
biotic interference and from smuggling will be
provided .
4 Basal area The basal area / ha varies from 11.44 (CPT 44) and
47.12 (CPT 45) in Padinalknad and Kerti RFs
5 Control records 1. Control book
2. Record of work
3. Control journal
4. Control maps
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 122
Chapter III.
12.5 - Improvement working circle.
This working circle consists of the deciduous forests of Thithimathi range excluding
the areas under Teak plantations.
A brief account the information under this working circle is given in the tabular form
below:
1 Name of the reserved forest
included in the working circle
Devamachi and Mavukal RFs and surrounding
paisari lands
2 Total area under the working circle 4864.792 ha.
3 Felling series / improvement works The forests of Thithimathi range excluding the Teak
plantations have been constituted as Thithimathi
improvement series which has been divided into 10
blocks. Only dead and fallen timber will be extracted
from the specified block made year wise.
4 Protection activities Strict protection from fire, biotic interference and
from smuggling will be provided .
5 Regeneration Sowing of seeds, gap planting, uprooting of invasive
weeds like Lantana and Eupatorium, tending &
SMC works have been prescribed. On an average,
100 ha gap planting will be done every year under
supplementary plantations models in the specified
block every year. All such activities have to be done
as per site specific plan (SSP). Natural regeneration
is in adequate.
6 Yield The available dead and fallen material of specified
species have to be harvested.
7 Basal area The basal area / ha varies from 11.36 (CPT 18) and
18.79 (CPT 19) in Devamachi and Mavukal RFs
8 Control records 1. Control book
2. Record of work
3. Control journal
4. Control maps
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 123
Chapter IV.
12.6 - Teak Plantation Management Working Circle.
A brief account the information under this working circle is given in the tabular form
below:
1 Name of the reserved forest
included in the working circle
Mavukal and Devamachi RFs (CPT 16, 17, 18 and
19)
2 Total area under the working
circle
2309.04 ha.
3 Exploitable girth and rotation The exploitable girth is 1.65 meter at breast height
with corresponding height 25.65 meter. Rotation
period is 120 years.
4 Thinning 1. First mechanical thinning at the 6th
year
(retaining about 1300-1400 trees/ha).
2. Second mechanical thinning at the 12th
year
(retaining about 700-800 trees /ha).
3. First silvicultural thinning at the 18th
year
(retaining about 500-600 trees /ha).
4. Second silvicultural thinning at the 30th
year
(retaining about 400 trees /ha).
5. Third silvicultural thinning at the 50th
year
(retaining about 250-300 trees /ha).
6. An elite thinning at the end of 80th
year
(retaining about 150 trees /ha)
7. Elephant damaged trees may be extracted
every year.
4 Protection activities Strict protection from fire, biotic interference and
from smuggling will be provided
5 Yield Approximate yield assessed basid on the inverntory
result as shown in chapter- IV under teak plantation
working circle.
6 Control: 1. Control book
2. Plantation journal
3. Control map
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 124
Chapter V.
12.7 - Bamboo overlapping working circle.
A brief account the information under this working circle is given in the tabular form
below:
1 Name of the reserved forest
included in the working circle
Devamachi and Mavukal RFs and surrounding paisari
lands
2 Total area under the working
circle
4864.792 ha.
3 Felling series / improvement
blocks
No felling is prescribed except removal of dry and dead
bamboos remaining after gregarious flowering. The area
will be improved by providing strict protection.
4 Protection activities Since gregarious flowering has taken place recently in all
the forests of the Division, therefore all the forest areas
have to be strictly protected from fire and grazing.
5 Regeneration Strict fire prevention measures have been recommended.
6 Yield Approximate yield of green and dry bamboo has been
calculated based on the inventory result.
7 Control records 1. Control book
2. Record of work
3. Control journal
4. Control maps
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 125
Chapter VI.
12.8–Wildlife Management Overlapping working circle.
A brief account the information under this working circle is given in the tabular form
below:
1 Name of the reserved forest
included in the working circle
All reserved forests of the division and surrounding
paisari lands handed over to forest department.
2 Total area under the working
circle
33465.184ha.
3 Protection activities Since gregarious flowering has taken place recently in all
the forests of the Division, therefore all the forest areas
have to be strictly protected from fire and grazing.
Measures for habitat improvement, barrier construction
have been suggested / prescribed to mitigate human
wildlife conflict.
4 Regeneration Strict fire prevention measures have been recommended.
SMC works and seed sowing activities have been
suggested.
5 Control records 1. Control book
2. Record of work
3. Control journal
4. Control maps
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 126
Chapter VII.
12.9 - NTFP Overlapping working circle.
A brief account the information under this working circle is given in the tabular form
below:
1 Area under the working circle This is an overlapping working circle and includes all
the forest lands including Devarakadus.
35066.817ha comprising of forest and non forests area.
2 Method of sale The Forest Dwelling Tribals living in and around the
forests will be allowed to collect NTFP as per the
prevailing Forest Right Act. The LAMPS, Thithimathi
will also be allowed to collect and sale NTFP with
certain conditions.In JFPM areas, the VFCs should be
allowed to collect NTFP and the sale proceeds is to be
shared between VFC and KFD as per the prevailing
Govt. order.
3 Control records Record of yield, control of works as prescribed in the
concerned appendix should be maintained.
Working Plan for Virajpet Forest Division
Conservator of Forests, Working Plan, Mysore 127
Chapter VIII
12.9 - Miscellaneous regulations.
This chapter details with various regulations like forest land consolidations and
management, wildlife management, sandalwood management, social forestry plantations
management, Joint Forest Planning and Management, grazing, fire protection, maintenance of
roads and bridges, maintenance of buildings and communication, maintenance etc. Under
forest land consolidation and management, fixing of cairns / concrete pillars along the forest
boundary abutting private land and Kerala state boundary has been prescribed. Under
sandalwood management, 50 ha block of forest in Thithimathi range will be developed in to a
sandal estate.
Devamachi RF
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Photographs 1 to 6 showing Teak plantations in Devamachi RF of Thithimathi Range.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Photographs 7 to 9 showing Natural Bamboo in Devamachi RF of Thithimathi Range. Photograph 10 Showing Bamboo seeds after flowering of Natural Bamboo.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Natural Vegetations in Devamachi and Mavukal Reserved Forests in Thithimathi Range. (Photographs 11 to 18)
19.
Forest Rest House in Thithimathi Range.
20.
Anti-poaching Camp in Thithimathi Range.
21.
Special structure constructed along elephant barrier in forest boundary in Thithimathi Range.
22.
Culvert constructed in Thithimathi Range.
23.
Spiked up and down gate in Thithimathi Range.
24.
EPT in Thithimathi Range.
Kerti RF 25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
Natural Vegetation in Kerti Reserved Forests of Makut Range. (Photographs 25 to 30)
Padinalknad RF 31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
Natural Vegetation in Padinalknad Reserved Forests of Makut Range. (Photographs 31 to 35)
36.
Flowered Bamboo in Padinalknad RF of Mundrot Range.
37.
View of Talcauvery peak from Mundrot FRH.
38.
Natural reeds in Padinalkand RF of Mundrot Range.
39.
Natural cane in Padinalkand RF of Mundrot Range.
40.
Malabar Squirrel in Mundrot Range.