Violence

David’s Story – Born to Fail

The PlanThe Plan

• Violence Reduction – The Context

• Public Health – A useful Lens

• Early Years – Could it be Magic ? • David’s Story – Knew that would happen!!

• ChangeChange – Can we make it Irresistible?

“The challenges we face converge, intertwine and often remain largely beyond our understanding. Most of us suspect that the “experts” don’t really know what’s going on and that as a species we’ve released forces that are neither managed nor manageable.”

Thomas Homer-Dixon

(Paper by Prof Phil Hanlon University of Glasgow 2009

“One manifestation of this is the rise of new epidemics such as obesity, addiction-related harm, declining well-being, rising rates of depression and anxiety and widening inequalities. The tools of modernity have proven unsuccessful in tackling such “diseases.”

Learning our way into the future public health: a proposition

Journal of Public Health Vol 33

September 2011Phil Hanlon, Sandra Carlisle, Margaret Hannah, Andrew Lyon, David Reilly

“We have been fixated on the causes of disease rather the mechanisms that can create health.”

Sir Harry Burns

Chief Medical Officer

2011

Sense of Coherence Sense of Coherence

• Your world is structured, predictable and explicable

• You have the internal resources to meet the demands

• The demands are seen as challenges worthy of investment and engagement

Sir Harry Burns

Chief Medical Officer 2011

ViolenceViolence

The The WHATWHAT

“ Interpersonal violence – violence between individuals in families and communities –

is a public health problem.”

Etienne KrugDirector

Department of Injuries and Violence PreventionWorld health Organisation

2004

The The HOWHOW

Surveillance

Systematic data collection

Identify risk / protective factors

Research why it occurs

Develop and evaluate interventions

Find out what works.

Implement

Scale up and evaluate effective programmes

Understand theUnderstand theCausesCauses of Violenceof Violence

Two components to Violence:

• The propensity to be violent - personal factors

• The triggers of violence - social factors

The Wave Report 2005 “Violence and what to do about it”

What do Employers What do Employers Want ?Want ?

Percentage of Employers reporting an employee skill gap

Future Skills Bar Chart. See Future Skills Scotland Website, Employer Survey 2004, p27, fig 15.

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

Literacy

Using numbers

Advanced IT or software

Strategic management

Basic computer literacy / using IT

Written communication

Other technical and practical skills

Oral communication

Team working

Problem solving

Customer handling

Planning and organising

Death

Conception

Adoption of Health-risk Behaviors

Social, Emotional, & Cognitive Impairment

EarlyDeath

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesToxic Stress

Disease, Disabilityand Social Problems

ACEs are fundamental risk factors for disease and early death

Consequences: long-termConsequences: long-term

Secondary

Preschool

Primary

Higher Education

Rates of Return to Human CapitalRates of Return to Human Capital

EconomicsEconomics

“A major determinant of successful schools is

successful families. Schools work with what

parents bring them. They operate more effectively if parents reinforce them by encouraging and motivating children”

Professor James Heckman

Chicago University

Ecological Model = The Frame Ecological Model = The Frame

IndividualRelationshipCommunitySocietal

Parenting Lack of knowledge Friends that engage in violencePrevalence of gang cultureViolent families – siblings/parentsLack of significant adults/positive role model

Cultural norms Legitimisation of violenceAccess to and use of alcoholLack of aspiration Dependancy

Tolerance

Lack of punishment for pre cursor offences – knife carryingLack of visible swift justiceLinks to deprivationScottishness

Inequality

Lack of communication skillsPoor behavioural controlImpulsivenessAggressive behaviourLack of skills to deal with conflict Inability to judge risk

Lack of “life” skillsExclusion from Services/SchoolsNutrition Diet HealthAlcohol Lack of employment opportunities

birth

Early Years Framework

GIRFEC

Curriculum for Excellence

YJ Framework

Promoting Positive Outcomes (ASB)

Achieving our Potential (Poverty)

Equally Well (Health Inequalities)

Road to Recovery (Drugs)

Alcohol framework

181610

Purpose

Scottish Government Economic Strategy

National Outcomes

SOAs

NATIONAL POLICIES

NATIONAL PERFORMANCE

LIFE JOURNEY

Valuing our Young People

More Choices More Chances

ChallengesChallenges

• Wicked problems – Leaders not technicians

• Professional Gangs = Territorialism

• Outcomes not processes

• Assets not deficits

Coalition of the WillingCoalition of the Willing

• Deciding WHAT we do is EASY

• Deciding HOW we do it is HARD

• Knowing WHY we do it is AGREEMENT

RelationshipsRelationships

AMAZING PEOPLE

DO AMAZING THINGS

Aspire to build a cathedral and not a garden shed.