vim user manual 70

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1

__ ___ ___ ____ ____

| |\ / /\ / /\ / |\ / |\

| || / / / /__/ / / || / ||

| || / / / \__\/ / /| || / /| ||

| || / / / ___ / / | || / / | ||

| || / / / / /\ / / /| || / / /| ||

| || / / / / / / / / / | ||/ / / | ||| || / / / / / / / / / | |/ / / | ||

| || / / / / / / / / / | / / | ||

| || / / / / / / / / / | / / | ||

| ||/ / / / / / / / / | / / | ||

| |/ / / / / / / / / |__/ / | ||

| / / / / / / / / \__\/ | ||

| / / / / / / / / | ||

| / / / / / / / / | ||

|__/ / /__/ / /__/ / |__||

\__\/ \__\/ \__\/ \__\|

: Bram Moolenaar

: ZhaoRuFei

: 7.0

1
mailto:[email protected]


2/438

2

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The Vim user manual and reference manual are

Copyright (c) 1988-2002 by Bram Moolenaar. This material may be distributed only subject to

the terms and conditions set forth in the Open

Publication License, v1.0 or later. The latest

version is presently available at:

http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/

People who contribute to the manuals must agree

with the above copyright notice.

Vim.

[email protected]

2004/06/08

3
http://www.opencontent.org/openpub/mailto:[email protected]


4/438

4 0.2

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6/438

6 6.3.0

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11/438


12/438

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15/438

15 00

|usr 29.txt| |usr 30.txt| |usr 31.txt| GUI|usr 32.txt|

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|01.1| |01.2| |01.3| Vim|01.4|

15
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16 00

|usr 02.txt| Vim

|02.1| Vim|02.2| |02.3|

|02.4| |02.5| |02.6| |02.7| |02.8|

|usr 03.txt|

|03.1| Word

|03.2| |03.3| |03.4| |03.5| |03.6| |03.7| |03.8| |03.9| |03.10|

|usr 04.txt|

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|04.8| |04.9| |04.10|

|usr 05.txt| Vim

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16
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17 00

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|usr 07.txt|

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17


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18 00

|usr 10.txt|

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18


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19 00

|20.3| |20.4| |20.5|

|usr 21.txt|

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|usr 22.txt|

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19
http://-/?-


20/438

20 00

|usr 25.txt|

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20


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21 00

|usr 29.txt|

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21


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23 00

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|usr 45.txt|

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23


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24 01

*usr 01.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


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25/438

25 01

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25


26/438

26 01

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26


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27 01

"TUTORCOPY",

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27
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28/438

28 02Vim

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28
http://-/?-


29/438


30/438

30 02Vim

"turtle". Insert

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31


32/438

32 02Vim

*02.4*

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32


33/438

33 02Vim

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34/438

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35/438

35 02Vim

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35


36/438

36 02Vim


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38/438

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39/438

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39


40/438

40 03

*usr 03.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


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41/438

41 03

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42/438

42 03

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43/438

43 03



46/438

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47/438

47 03

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48/438

48 03

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48


49/438


50/438

50 03

word"TheLongFunctionName",

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51/438

51 03

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52/438

52 03

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53/438

53 03

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*03.10*

"G", Vim

.

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.

:

normal mode command``

, , 2

1: , l, ., , , , .

2: , ', : , `1

53


55/438

55 03

Vim. "ma"

"a".az26. . Vim.

, `{mark}, {mark}.:

normal mode command`a

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. ,

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s(start):

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s

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:

ex command:marks

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55


56/438

56 03

List'

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[

]


56


57/438

57 04

*usr 04.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


---

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: , Visual.

|04.1| |04.2| |04.3| |04.4| Visual|04.5| |04.6| |04.7| |04.8|

|04.9|

|04.10|

: |usr 05.txt| Vim: |usr 03.txt| : |usr toc.txt|

*04.1* 2"x".

"4x"4.

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word., "d", .

, "4w"4word. "d4w"4word.

57


58/438

58 04


------------------>

d4w

To err is human. you need a computer.

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word. "e"word, Vim1:

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"c", . "d", Insert. "cw"word. ,

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1: ,

58


59/438

59 04

DisplayTo err is human

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be

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word. word. Vi. , Vim

1.

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().

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+

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x dl()X dh()

D d$()

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59


60/438

60 04

"3dw""d3w" 3word. , "3dw" word 3; "d3w"3word. .

, , "3d2w"word, 3, 6word.

"r". ."cl""s", "r"

Normal.

Displaythere is somerhing grong here

rT rt rw

There is something wrong here

"r"

.

DisplayThere is something wrong here

5rx

There is something xxxxx here

"r".

. :"4r"41.

*04.3*

"."Vim. . , HTML, .


61/438

61 04

DisplayTo generate a table of contents

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asdf 1234

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1, ., :

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:

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: "four""five". . :

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n "four"

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n

.

61


63/438

63 04

Displayname Q1 Q2 Q3

pierre 123 455 234

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steve 392 63 334

"Q2", "Q2""Q". CTRL-VVisual."3j"3 , "w"

word. ."h". "d".

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, . "o".

, 4. "o", "O"

1.

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"d""x",

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a line a line a lineline 2 dd line 3 p line 3

line 3 line 2

, "p"

. (word),"p"2.

1: 42:

63


64/438

64 04

DisplaySome more boring try text to out commands.

---->

dw

Some more boring text to out commands.-------->

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. .

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). , "the""teh". Vim, "teh"e"xp". : "x"e. "p"e

, h.

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*04.6*

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64


65/438

65 04

YankingVim, "c"

1, "y". "yank" "y".

"y", "yw"word.

."y2w"word:

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let sqr = LongVariable *

p

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"yw"word. , "ye".

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line 2 line 2 p line 2last line last line a text line

last line

*04.7*

VimGUI(gvim), "Edit""Copy"

. Visual, Edit/Copy. .

. Vim2.

, VimEdit/Paste. NormalInsert. Visual

.

1:change, copy2: , CopyNormalyank

Copy, Vim *,yVim", Vim

65


66/438

66 04

"Cut" . "Copy",

"Cut""Paste"(). Vim,

.

GUI, ,

. "y"(yank)"p"(put), "*(, ). :

normal mode command"*yy

:

normal mode command"*p

Vim.

|09.3||clipboard|.

*04.8*

, "dw". :

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1

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+,

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1 : Vim PERL : There is more than one way to do the samething

66


67/438


68/438

68 04

12"interesting."

5"text."1. "R". .

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.

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,

. , NMN*M!

|operator

|.

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Listx ("dl")

X ("dh")

D ("d$")

dw word

db worddiw word()

daw word()

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yank, .

:

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68


69/438

69 04

List~ ,

. (

'tildeop' 1),

.

Visual.

I Insert

A Insert

: |usr 05.txt| Vim : |manual-copyright| vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:

69
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70/438

70 05Vim

*usr 05.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


Vim

, , ,

, , , . . , : "" , "".

Vim. Vim

. plugin. .

|05.1| vimrc|05.2| vimrc|05.3| |05.4| plugin|05.5| |05.6| |05.7|


*05.1* vimrc *vimrc-intro*

. , vimrc. Vim

.

vimrc(),:

ex command:$MYVIMRC

vimrc, |vimrc|, . ":version"Vim

.

70


71/438

71 05Vim

UnixMacintosh--

List~/.vimrc

MS-DOSMS-Windows:List

$HOME/_vimrc

$VIM/_vimrc

vimrc.

. Vim'incsearch'. vimrc:

ex command

set incsearch

Vim.

Vim.

, vim

|usr 41.txt|.

*05.2* vimrc *vimrc example.vim*

vimrc(Vim

)Vimnot-compatible(|not-compatible|). :

List$VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim

.

..

":help".

ex commandset nocompatible

, Vim

, Vi. 'compatible'.

ex commandset backspace=indent,eol,start

71


72/438

72 05Vim

VimInsert

. Vim, , Insert.

ex commandset autoindent

Vim.

, InsertNormalo.

ex commandif has("vms")

set nobackup

else

set backupendif

Vim. VMS, .

"~". |07.4|.

ex commandset history=50

.

.

ex commandset ruler

Vim.

ex commandset showcmd

Vim . "2f", Vim

"2f". "w", "2fw"Vim , "2f".

72


73/438

73 05Vim

Display+-------------------------------------------------+

|text in the Vim window |

|~ |

|~ |

|-- VISUAL -- 2f 43,8 17% |+-------------------------------------------------+

^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^

'showmode' 'showcmd' 'ruler'

set incsearch

1..

ex command map Q gq

. .

"Q""gq". Vim5.0"Q" . , "Q"

Ex, .

ex commandvnoremap _g y:exe "grep /" . escape(@", \\/) . "/ *.c *.h"

Visual, C. .

. , .

ex commandif &t_Co > 2 || has("gui_running")

syntax on

set hlsearch

endif

, . 'hlsearch'Vim. "if"

. Vim|usr 41.txt|.

*vimrc-filetype*

1:. , , , . , , ,, ,

73


74/438

74 05Vim

ex commandfiletype plugin indent on

Vim:

1.

, Vim."main.c", Vim".c""c"C.

"#!/bin/sh", Vim"sh"shell.

2. plugin

1.

"c", 'cindent'. Vimplugin., |write-filetype-plain|.

3.

, . Vim. |filetype-indent-on|'indentexpr'.

ex command

autocmd FileType text setlocal textwidth=78

Vim, 78. . "autocmd FileType text"

. "text" . "setlocal textwidth=78""textwidth" 78,.

ex commandautocmd BufReadPost *

\ if line("'\"") > 0 && line("'\"")


75/438

75 05Vim

. |line-continuation|. Vim, .

*05.3*

Vim. . , "amount"

"{amount}". ":map", VimF5:

ex command:map i{ea}

: , 4, 5 , F5ESC. .

: F5. .

i{ {. Insert.

e word

a} word}.

, wordword , F5.

, ;

. Vim, 1, Vim.

. , "\p"word, "\c" .

:

ex command:map p i(ea)

:map \c i{ea}

\p, Vim

2

1: , 2: |timeoutlen|

75


77/438

77 05Vim

plugins, |getscript|.

plugin

plugin, .

copy

plugin

:

List plugin

Unix ~/.vim/plugin/

PC and OS/2 $HOME/vimfiles/plugin or $VIM/vimfiles/plugin

Amiga s:vimfiles/plugin

Macintosh $VIM:vimfiles:plugin

Mac OS X ~/.vim/plugin/

RISC-OS Choices:vimfiles.plugin

Unix(plugin):

shell command mkdir ~/.vim

mkdir ~/.vim/plugin

cp /usr/local/share/vim/vim60/macros/justify.vim ~/.vim/plugin

! plugin

.

pluginsplugin/, plugin/. " /.vim/plugin/perl/*.vim"Perl plugins.

plugin *add-filetype-plugin**ftplugins* 1

Vim plugin, :

ex command:filetype plugin on

! |vimrc-filetype|.

plugin, ,plugin:

1. plugin.

1:

77


78/438

78 05Vim

2. .

plugin

plugin, plugin

, , $VIMRUNTIME/macros, $VIMRUNTIME/ftplugin.

plugin *ftplugin-name*

plugin. plugin, "ftplugin"."stuff"plugin, Unix, :

shell commandmv thefile ~/.vim/ftplugin/stuff.vim

. , ,

:

shell command mv thefile ~/.vim/ftplugin/stuff_too.vim

,

. "otherstuff.vim", Vim, "otherstuff".

MS-DOS. plugin61,

:

shell command mkdir $VIM/vimfiles/ftplugin/fortran

copy thefile $VIM/vimfiles/ftplugin/fortran/too.vim

plugin:

Listftplugin/.vim

ftplugin/_.vim

ftplugin//.vim

1: MS-DOS8, 6, , plugin

78


79/438

79 05Vim

"". Unix

"stuff":

List~/.vim/ftplugin/stuff.vim

~/.vim/ftplugin/stuff_def.vim

~/.vim/ftplugin/stuff/header.vim

plugin. plugin. pluginVim, plugin

. ".vim".

:

List

|filetype-plugins| plugin|load-plugins| Vimplugin|ftplugin-overrule| plugin.|write-plugin| plugin.|plugin-details| pluginpluginbug.|new-filetype|

*05.5* *add-local-help* *matchit-install*

, plugin.

, plugin.

"matchit.vim"plugin(Vim). plugin"%"HTML, Vim

if/else/endif, , Vim().

plugin: "matchit.txt". plugin. Vim, $VIMRUNTIME

1. ("mkdir")2.

1: MS-DOSMS-Windows2: MS-DOSMS-Windowsmkdirmd

, , mkdirMS-DOS, MS-Windows Unix, MacOS X(DarwinUnix)

79


80/438

80 05Vim

ex command:!mkdir ~/.vim

:!mkdir ~/.vim/plugin

:!cp $VIMRUNTIME/macros/matchit.vim ~/.vim/plugin

"cp"unix, MS-DOS"copy".

'runtimepath', "doc".

ex command:!mkdir ~/.vim/doc

copy"doc".

ex command:!cp \$VIMRUNTIME/macros/matchit.txt ~/.vim/doc

, :|:helptags|tags1.

ex command:helptags ~/.vim/doc

ex command:help g%

"g%".

ex command:help local-additions

.

, .

1 : tags / , C/C++/Java, foo, ,tags, tags-aware Vim/Emacs tags ,tags+ +. tags, man ctags, man etags

80


81/438

81 05Vim

|write-local-help|

*05.6*

, |options|. :

ex command:options

, , ,..

. CTRL-O.

. , "displaying text", :

ex commandset wrap nowrap

, :

ex commandset nowrap wrap

.

'wrap'.

'wrap'1.

, , 2. ,

:

ex commandset so=0

"$"0. "r5"5.

. . 'scrolloff',

.

1: , options.txt2: Normal

81


82/438


83/438

83 05Vim

.

.

1, :

ex command

:set whichwrap=b,s,

Normal. Insert

:

ex command:set whichwrap=b,s,,[,]

, 'whichwrap'.

, . :

ex command:set list

^I. $,

.

., GUI, Vim

. 'listchars':

ex command:set listchars=tab:>-,trail:-

">---"2, "-", , ?

'iskeyword'word:

ex command:set iskeyword

iskeyword=@,48-57,_,192-255 >

1 : h, l , h, l , :setwhichwrap += l,h

2: :set list

83


84/438

84 05Vim

"@". "48-57"ASCII4857

, 09. "192-255".

word, "w""upper-case"word:

ex command:set iskeyword+=-

:set iskeyword

iskeyword=@,48-57,_,192-255,-

Vim.

"-=". , :

ex command:set iskeyword-=_

:set iskeyword

iskeyword=@,48-57,192-255,-

.

Vim.

, Vim, .

'cmdheight'1.

:

ex command:set cmdheight=3

, ..., .

: |usr 06.txt| Using syntax highlighting : |manual-copyright| vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:

1:

84


85/438

85 06

*usr 06.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


0, 1, 24, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3456

, 7. ;, m,

echo -e "\e[1;32mthis is green \e[0;37m"

. .

---[Linux/shell]

. . , . .

.

|06.1| |06.2| ?|06.3| |06.4|

|06.5| |06.6|

: |usr 07.txt| : |usr 05.txt| Vim : |usr toc.txt|

*06.1* :

ex command:syntax enable

. Vim

. , , . .

.

85


87/438

87 06

"filetype="Vim

. :

ex command:set filetype=fortran

, $VIMRUNTIME/syntax . GUI

Syntax. |modeline|, . ,

Makefile ():

ex command# vim: syntax=make

. (.). |new-filetype|Vim.

-

1.

, , |mysyntaxfile|.

:

-

Vim . (

). (). Vim , .

'background', :

ex command:set background=dark

:

ex command:set background=light

":syntax enable" ,

. 'background'":syntax reset"

Vim.

87
http://-/?-


88/438

88 06

-

Vim. . 1, . CTRL-L.

, .Tex

|tex.vim|.

*06.3*

, . GUI

Edit/Color Scheme . :

ex command:colorscheme evening

"evening". . $VIMRUNTIME/colors

, |vimrc|":colorscheme".

. :

1. . Vim.Unix

:

ex command!mkdir ~/.vim/colors

!cp $VIMRUNTIME/colors/morning.vim ~/.vim/colors/mine.vim

Vim, $VIMRUNTIME.

2. . :

Listterm

cterm

ctermfg

ctermbg

gui GUI

guifg GUI

guibg GUI

, :

88
http://-/?-


89/438

89 06

ex command:highlight Comment ctermfg=green guifg=green

"cterm""gui""bold""underline"., "bold,underline".

|:highlight|.

3. |vimrc|Vim:

ex commandcolorscheme mine

, :

ex command:runtime syntax/colortest.vim

.

.

*06.4*

. ,:

ex command:syntax clear

().

:syn-off

:

ex command:syntax off

, .

:syn-manual

, :

89


90/438

90 06

ex command:syntax manual

, .

, 'syntax':

ex command:set syntax=ON

*06.5*

MS-WindowsVim:

ex command:hardcopy

,

. , Vim. Vim

.

Vim:

List'printdevice'

'printheader'

'printfont'

'printoptions'

, Visual, :

normal mode commandv100j:hardcopy

"v"Visual. "100j"100, . ":hardcopy".

Visual .

Unix, PostScript, . , .

HTML, NetscapeHTML.

HTML:

90


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92 07

*usr 07.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


, Vim. . .

.

|07.1| |07.2| |07.3|

|07.4|

|07.5| |07.6| |07.7|


*07.1*

Vim Vim. .

ex command:edit foo.txt

Vim.

"foo.txt". Vim. , Vim

:


: VimID, ,

ID: :help E37

92


93/438

93 07

, . :

ex command:write

Vim, :

ex command:edit! foo.txt

, 1,

:

ex command:hide edit foo.txt

, . |22.4|

*07.2*

Vim. :

shell commandvim one.c two.c three.c

Vim3. Vim

. , :

ex command:next

., , ":next". ":edit". , :

ex command:next!

.:

1:

93


94/438

94 07

ex command:wnext

1:

ex command:write

:next

?

. "(2 of 3)". 3

2.

,

:

ex command:args

"arguments". :

Displayone.c [two.c] three.c

Vim.

.

:

ex command:previous

":next", .

:ex command

:wprevious

:

ex command:last

1: , , Vim.

94


95/438

95 07

:

ex command:first

":wlast"":wfirst".

":next"":previous". 2:

ex command:2next

1

, ":write".

. , Vim, :

ex command:set autowrite

,

:

ex command

:set noautowrite

Vim, . 3:

ex command:args five.c six.c seven.h

, shell:

ex command:args *.txt

Vim. ,

, , ":args!"(!).

1: , word, Vim,

95


96/438

96 07

? *arglist-quit*

, Vim.

, Vim

:Display

E173: 46 more files to edit

, . ()

*07.3*

, CTRL-^(^6). :

ex command:args one.c two.c three.c

one.c.

ex command:next

two.c. CTRL-^one.c. CTRL-^two.c , :

ex command:next

three.c. CTRL-^

, ":next"":previous".

"alternate". Vim, .

, :

normal mode command`"

96


97/438

97 07

.

:

normal mode command`.

"one.txt". "x"."G", ":w", ":edit one.txt".`"Vim, . `."x"., `"`.. .

4"mx", "`x". ,

, . . .

.

. , . "foo.txt". ("50%")F

(Ffoo):

normal mode command

50%mF

"bar.txt"B(Bbar):

normal mode commandGmB

"F"foo.txt.

, "B"bar.txt.

Vim, ., 1

. , H

header, M Makefile, CC.

, "marks":

1: ,

97


98/438

98 07

ex command:marks M

:

ex command:marks MCP

CTRL-OCTRL-I

.

*07.4*

Vim

.

,

:

ex command:set backup

~. data.txt,data.txt~.

, :

ex command:set backupext=.bak

data.txt.bak.

'backupdir'. . .

.

: 'backup''writebackup'

, Vim. , . (

, ).,

, . ., .

98


99/438

99 07

'patchmode'Vim,

:

ex command:set patchmode=.orig

data.txt, , Vim"data.txt.orig".

, Vim"data.txt.orig"

, "data.txt~"('backupext').

'patchmode'(), .

*07.5*

,

. . "v". Visual.

"y". yanks().

, 1:

ex command

:edit thisfile/This

vjjjj$y

. , "p".

ex command:edit otherfile

/There

p

yank. "V"Visual. CTRL-V

. "Y", "yaw"yank-a-word, .

"p". "P"

. Vim, .

1: ,

99


100/438

100 07

,, . .

Vim. az26().

f(f first):

normal mode command"fyas

"yas". Vim

f"f. . 3l(l line):

normal mode command"l3Y

"l. b(bblock):

normal mode commandCTRL-Vjjww"by

"by. . w".

f, l, b3. , :

normal mode command"fp

"fp.

3. , 1.

.

, . . , wordw

:

normal mode command"wdaw

1:

100


101/438

101 07

"d".

, :

ex command:write >> logfile

"logfile". , log. .

.

, ":write"Visual. 10

.

*07.6*

, .

":w". , .

Vim:

shell commandvim -R file

Unix1:

shell commandview file

"file", ":w"

.

:

DisplayW10: Warning: Changing a readonly file

. .

1: MS-WindowsMS-DOS

101


102/438

102 07

, .":write"!1.

, :

shell command

vim -M file

. , , :

DisplayE21: Cannot make changes, 'modifiable' is off

-MVim viewer.

, :

ex command:set modifiable

:set write

*07.7*

. , . , :

ex command:edit copy.c

. .

":saveas" :

ex command:saveas move.c

Vim,

. ":write", "move.c", "copy.c".

, ,

:

1: !

102


103/438

103 07

ex command:file move.c

Vim"not edited"1. Vim

Vim

.

:

DisplayE13: File exists (use ! to override)

.

: |usr 08.txt|

: |manual-copyright| vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:

1: ""

103


104/438

104 08

*usr 08.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060430


,

, .

.

|08.1| |08.2| |08.3| |08.4| |08.5| |08.6| |08.7| vimdiff|08.8| |08.9|

: |usr 09.txt| GUI: |usr 07.txt| : |usr toc.txt|

*08.1*

:

ex command:split

:

104


105/438

105 08

Display+----------------------------------+

|/* file one.c */ |

|~ |

|~ |

|one.c=============================||/* file one.c */ |

|~ |

|one.c=============================|

| |

+----------------------------------+

, . "====". . (

)

.

, .

CTRL-W w. ,

. , .

(CTRL-W CTRL-W, CTRL)

ex command

:close

. , ":quit""ZZ", ":close" Vim, Vim.

, ,

ex command:only

. . , 1,

.

1: gvim"E445:"

105


106/438

106 08

*08.2*

:

ex command:split two.c

one.c,

:

Display+----------------------------------+

|/* file two.c */ ||~ |

|~ |

|two.c=============================|

|/* file one.c */ |

|~ |

|one.c=============================|

| |

+----------------------------------+

, :

ex command:new

":split"":new"1

*08.3* ":split". ,

. 3alpha.c2:

ex command:3split alpha.c

1: 17, 52: 3,

106


107/438

107 08

.

: , .

:

normal mode commandCTRL-W +

:

normal mode commandCTRL-W -

,

. "4 CTRL-W +"4.

:

normal mode command{height}CTRL-W _

: {height}, CTRL-W(Shift-).

, CTRL-W. 1

Vim.

. . .. ,

.

'winheight'. 'winminheight'

, :'winwidth''winminwidth', .

'equalalways', Vim

.

*08.4*

1: WCTRL,

107


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108 08

":split".

, :

ex command:vsplit

:

:vsplit two.c

:

Display+--------------------------------------+

|/* file two.c */ |/* file one.c */ |

|~ |~ |

|~ |~ |

|~ |~ |

|two.c===============one.c=============|| |

+--------------------------------------+

|.

. .

":vnew", . :

ex command:vertical new

":vertical"1.

. (, ).

,

. :

DisplayCTRL-W h

CTRL-W j

CTRL-W k

CTRL-W l

CTRL-W t

CTRL-W b

1 : , :vertical echo"hello",

108


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110/438


111/438

111 08

ex command:qall

"quit all"1. ,

Vim . . ":write", ":quit!".

,

ex command:wall

. "write all"2. ,

. Vim.

":qall"":wall": :

ex command:wqall

Vim.

, Vim:

ex command:qall!

! !

"-o"Vim:

shell commandvim -o one.txt two.txt three.txt

:

1: 2:

111


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112 08

Display+-------------------------------+

|file one.txt |

|~ |

|one.txt========================|

|file two.txt ||~ |

|two.txt========================|

|file three.txt |

|~ |

|three.txt======================|

| |

+-------------------------------+

"-O".

vim, ":all". ":vertical all".

*08.7* vimdiff

Vim

,

.

"main.c", , 'backup'

, "main.c~".

shell(Vim):

shell commandvimdiff main.c~ main.c

Vim.

.

112


113/438

113 08

DisplayVV VV

+-----------------------------------------+

|+ +--123 lines: /* a|+ +--123 lines: /* a|


114/438

114 08

1:

ex command:edit main.c

:vertical diffsplit main.c

":vertical". ,.

patchdiff , 3 diff .patch . Vim patch:

ex command:edit main.c

:vertical diffpatch main.c.diff

: patchpatch.

, .

, ().

, . Vim2,

.

, :

ex command:set noscrollbind

, , :

normal mode command]c

. :

1: diff??2:

114


115/438

115 08

normal mode command[c

.

.

. . Vim.:

ex command:diffupdate

. ,

. "main.c""main.c~". . :

normal mode commanddp

,

. "dp""diff put".

. , "changed"

.

:

normal mode commanddo

, Vim

. , Vim. "do""diff obtain"1

|vimdiff|diff.

*08.8*

'laststatus':

1: . "diff get") , ("dg",pending, , 3j4

115


116/438

116 08

List0

1 ()

2

, .

"s". ":tag"tag, ":stag"tag.

NormalCTRL-W. CTRL-^

, CTRL-W CTRL-^.

'splitbelow'. 'splitright'

, :

List:leftabove {cmd}

:aboveleft {cmd}

:rightbelow {cmd}

:belowright {cmd}

:topleft {cmd} :botright {cmd}

*08.9*

windows, . .

"thisfile".

:

ex command:tabedit thatfile

"thatfile", Vim. :

116


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118/438

118 08

Display+-------------------------------------+

| thisfile | /thisfile/ | thatfile __X| (thisfile is bold)

|/* thisfile */ |

|this |

|this ||~ |

|~ |

|~ |

| |

+-------------------------------------+

":tab"Ex .

. :

ex commandtab help gt

"gt".

:

List- \VimDQuote{gt}

.

- \VimDQuote{X}. .

- - \VimDQuote{tabonly},

|tab-page|.

: |usr 09.txt| GUI : |manual-copyright| vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:

118


119/438

119 09GUI

*usr 09.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


GUI

Vim. GVimVim, . GUI , , . GVimVimGUI.

|09.1| GUI|09.2| |09.3| |09.4|


*09.1* GUI

gVim. ,

:

shell commandgvim file.txt

vim -g file.txt

VimGUI. .

Vim"file.txt". Vim. (ASCII

!).

119


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120 09GUI

Display+----------------------------------------------------+

| file.txt + (~/dir) - VIM X |


121/438


122/438

122 09GUI

ex command:behave xterm

:

ex command:behave mswin

UNIXxterm. Windows. , |:behave|. .

XTERM

List

Visual

List

Visual

, Shift

. :

List

'mouse' Vim'mousemodel'

'mousetime'

'mousehide'

'selectmode' Visual

*09.3*

122


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124/438

124 09GUI

"""",

.

, """

". "*"".

"", Visual. , "V".

"":

normal mode command"*P

"P". "p".

"+"". ,

:

normal mode command"+y$

, "y"yank, Vim.

"":

normal mode command"+P

"", +*.

*09.4*

MS-WindowsX-Windows. . Visual. Visual, . : ,, .

Select, (MS-Windows

, ):

ex command:set selectmode+=mouse

124


125/438

125 09GUI

. Visual.

. , . Insert, .

, Normal

"hjkl", "w". Shift. (

Shift). Visual. Shift+. .

'selectmode'Select.


125


126/438

126 10

*usr 10.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


4. . Visual

. .

|10.1| |10.2| |10.3|

|10.4|

|10.5| |10.6| |10.7| |10.8| |10.9|

: |usr 11.txt| : |usr 09.txt| GUI : |usr toc.txt|

*10.1*

".".

? Vim. 1

1. "q{register}", {register}

. az

2

2 3.

3. q(q,

).

"@{recording}".

1: , :-)2: az3:

126


127/438

127 10

.

:

Liststdio.h

fcntl.h

unistd.hstdlib.h

:

List#include "stdio.h"

#include "fcntl.h"

#include "unistd.h"

#include "stdlib.h"

. :

Listqa a

^

i\#include " #include "

$

a" "

j

q

, 3"@""@a"1,

. :

normal mode command3@a

(

4). , "@a"

. "@a" , "@@". "@a". , "@b""@@"

"@b".

".", , , ".". , "@a", , "."

1: VIM

127


128/438

128 10

.

. ,26. , 26.

yank. .

n. ., :

ListG

o

"np n.

.

{edits} . 0

"ny$ n

dd

"@n". (,

n)

.

, .

wordc.

, word. :

normal mode commandqC/wordq

"qC", c, .

yank, . , yank:

normal mode command"aY

, :

128


129/438

129 10

normal mode command"AY

. a

.

*10.2* *find-replace*

":substitute" . :

ex command:[range]substitute/from/to/[flags]

[range]"from""to".

"Professor""Teacher":

ex command:%substitute/Professor/Teacher/

: :substitute,

":s". .

"%". , ":s". |10.2|.

, ":substitute". ,

DisplayProfessor Smith criticized Professor Johnson today.

:

DisplayTeacher Smith criticized Professor Johnson today.

, "g"

.

129


130/438

130 10

ex command:%s/Professor/Teacher/g

:

DisplayTeacher Smith criticized Teacher Johnson today.

p(), ":substitute". c()":substitute". :

ex command:%s/Professor/Teacher/c

Vim"Professor":

Displayreplace with Teacher (y/n/a/q/l/^E/^Y)?

, 1:

Listy ,

n ,

a , (?? :-) )

q , l

CTRL-E

CTRL-Y

"from".2. ,

"the""these":

ex command:s/^the/these/

/, , /3:

1: CTRL-E CTRL-Y. , , ,

2: Vim, 3: /

130


131/438

131 10

ex command:s+one/two+one or two+

*10.3*

":substitute"":",

, . . :

ex command:1,5s/this/that/g

15. 15.

:

ex command:54s/President/Fool/

. , "."1. ":write". , .

:

ex command:.write otherfile

1. ? "$"., yesno:

ex command:.,$s/yes/no/

, "%", "1,$".

, "grey""gray"."grey". "Chapter"

, :

ex command:?^Chapter?,/^Chapter/s=grey=gray=g

1:

131


132/438

132 10

, . "?^Chapter?" ,

"/^Chapter/". liao/, ":s""=".

: "grey". , ?

: :

ex command/Chapter/-1

1. 2:

ex command

/Chapter/+2

:

ex command:.+3,$-5

3, 61.

: , .

3. "mt", "mb". :()

ex command:'t,'b

VisualVisual":",

:

ex command:'


133/438

133 10

: VisualCTRL-V, . Vim.

'


134/438

134 10

ex command:g+//+s/foobar/barfoo/g

":g", ":global", ":s"":substitute". .

/, . "foobar""barfoo".

.

. ":substitute", .

, "//", "//""foobar",1

.":substitute",

Vim.

.

*10.5* Visual block

CTRL-V,

. Vim

2.

Visual block"$", .

. "j","h".

"Istring", . CTRL-VVisual block.

. I, . ,

. , . :

1: :puts("foobar"); // this line contains a foobar

2: "$" ,

134


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135 10

Displayinclude one

include two

include three

include four

"one""o", CTRL-V. "3j"3, "four". 4

. :

normal mode commandImain.

:

Displayinclude main.one

include main.two

include main.three

include main.four

, . , "long""long",

2:

DisplayThis is a long line

short

Any other long line

^^^^ selected block

"Ivery


136/438

136 10

"A""I", .

, IAVisual.

"A": "$"

. "A". ,

"$A XXX", :

DisplayThis is a long line XXX

short XXX

Any other long line XXX

"$", Vim.

1, .

Visual block"c",

Insert, . 2 , "long"

, "c LONG ", :

DisplayThis is a _LONG_ line

short

Any other _LONG_ line

"I": , , .

"C"3 ,

Insert, 4. , "Cnew text ", :

Display

This is a new textshort

Any other new text

1: "$", :This is a long line XXX

short XXX

Any other long line XXX

2: 3: 4: ,

136


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137 10

, "long",

. . , .

Visual block:

List~ (a -> A, A -> a)

U (a -> A, A -> A)u (a -> a, A -> a)

"r". , "rx":

Display

This is a xxxx lineshort

Any other xxxx line

: , 25'virtualedit'.

">""shift "1, . . , ">"

:

DisplayThis is a long line

short

Any other long line

'shiftwidth'. 4:

ex command:set shiftwidth=4

"", ,

"shift ", 2.

1 : "shift ":set sw=N , N , :h'sw'

2: , , ,

137


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138 10

"J". , , ,1

. 2.

. "J"

DisplayThis is a long line short Any other long line

"J"Visual block. "v"

"V"3

, "gJ""J"

*10.6*

e-mail, .

":read {filename}" . . :

DisplayHi John,

Here is the diff that fixes the bug:

Bye, Pierre.

, :

ex command:read patch

"patch", :

DisplayHi John,

Here is the diff that fixes the bug:2c2

< for (i = 0; i for (i = 0; i < length; ++i)

Bye, Pierre.

1: , , /^\s\+//s+$/, TODO:

2: ??3:

138


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139 10

":read".

. ":$r patch""patch". ? 0.0. , . "read"

:ex command

:0read patch

"patch".

, ":write". . :

ex command:.,$write tempo

"tempo", "tempo", , Vim., "write"!

ex command:.,$write! tempo

: !":write", .. 1.

, . :

ex command:.write collection

, :

ex command:.write >>collection

">>"Vim"collection", . , .

1:

139


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141/438

141 10

. ,

. , 1. ".", .

*10.8* 2

section header3. "section". "gU". 4

"gu""gU":

Displayguw

SECTION header ----> section header

"g~", , . , ,

Visual5. . , "d", "dd". , "gugu"

. , "guu". "gUgU""gUU", "g~g~""g~ "6. :

Displayg~~

Some GIRLS have Fun ----> sOME girls HAVE fUN

*10.9*

Vim7.

.

"!{motion}{program}"1: Vim,

, , /\w\+/2: 3: 4: section5: Vim, operator commandmotion ,

text object?? "", , a + b ,

6: , , "3dd"3

7:

141


142/438

142 10

. , {program}, {motion}, {motion}.

UNIX, , . sort.

input.txtoutput.txt. (

UNIXMicrosoft Windows).

shell commandsort < input.txt > output.txt

Vim, . 1-5, 1. :

normal mode command!5G

"!"Vim. Vim, . "5G"

Vim5, Vim1()5.

, Vim1., "sort". , :

normal mode command

!5Gsort

sort5. 5.

Displayline 55 line 11

line 33 line 22

line 11 --> line 33

line 22 line 44

line 44 line 55

last line last line

"!!". Unix"date". "!!date""date"

. .

?

1: {motion}VimNormal, ,, Normal,Normal

142


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143 10

Vimshell.

, :

'shell' Vimshell

'shellcmdflag' shell

'shellquote' shell

'shellxquote' shell

'shelltype' shell(Amiga)1

'shellslash' (MS-Windows)

'shellredir'

Unix, shell: "sh"

"csh". Vim'shell'"csh"

,

MS-Windows, shell,

. .

: Unix:

ex command:read !ls

MS-Windows:

ex command:read !dir

"ls""dir"Vim. , "!"Vim.

.

Vim

:

ex command:0read !date -u

UTC(date

"-u")"!!date", "!!date", ":read !date".

143
http://-/?-


144/438

144 10

Unix"wc", , .

, :

ex command:write !wc

"write", , "!".

. 1:

Display4 47 249

"wc"3. 4,

47, 249.

:

ex command:write! wc

"wc"2. !

, .

Vim, . Vim:

normal mode commandCTRL-L


1:2:

144


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145 11

*usr 11.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


? ? ! Vim

. Vim.

|11.1| |11.2| ?

|11.3

|?

|11.4|


*11.1*

, (), Vim"-r":

shell commandvim -r help.txt

Vim(). , (

):

DisplayUsing swap file ".help.txt.swp"

Original file "~/vim/runtime/doc/help.txt"

Recovery completed. You should check if everything is OK.

(You might want to write out this file under another name

and run diff with the original file to check for changes)

Delete the .swp file afterwards.

, :

145


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146 11

ex command:write help.txt.recovered

.

Vimdiff|08.71|. (

). (Vim )

Vim, , .

. Vim4, 200. 'updatetime''updatecount'. Vim,.

,

"":

shell commandvim -r ""

, Vim.

*11.2* ?

Vim. . , :

shell commandvim -r

Vim. 1.

, 2.

:

1: ~foo/, readme.txt, .readme.txt.swp , Vim /tmp readme.txt

2:

146
http://-/?-


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147 11

DisplaySwap files found:

In current directory:

1. .main.c.swp

owned by: mool dated: Tue May 29 21:00:25 2001

file name: ~mool/vim/vim6/src/main.c modified: YES

user name: mool host name: masaka.moolenaar.net

process ID: 12525

In directory ~/tmp:

-- none --

In directory /var/tmp:

-- none --

In directory /tmp:

-- none --

, Vim, .

.

, .

,

. Vim.

:

shell commandvim -r .help.txt.swo

.

, Vim. 'directory'Vim.

: Vim 'dir' "filename.sw?" . (

'shell' ), Vim "filename.swp" . , .

*11.3* ?

147


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148 11

Vim,. ,

Vim. :

DisplayE325: ATTENTION

Found a swap file by the name ".main.c.swp"

owned by: mool dated: Tue May 29 21:09:28 2001file name: ~mool/vim/vim6/src/main.c

modified: no

user name: mool host name: masaka.moolenaar.net

process ID: 12559 (still running)

While opening file "main.c"

dated: Tue May 29 19:46:12 2001

(1) Another program may be editing the same file.

If this is the case, be careful not to end up with two

different instances of the same file when making changes.Quit, or continue with caution.

(2) An edit session for this file crashed.

If this is the case, use ":recover" or "vim -r main.c"

to recover the changes (see ":help recovery").

If you did this already, delete the swap file ".main.c.swp"

to avoid this message.

Vim.

, . :

1. Vim. "processID". :

Displayprocess ID: 12559 (still running)

"(still running)".

Unix. , . .

.

Vim, , . , . , Vim.

2. Vim.

Vim. , :

Display modified: YES

148


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149 11

Vim, .

,

. (, ), , (

, ). Vim:

DisplayNEWER than swap file!

:

Display[cannot be read]

? .

, .

0. .

. 1, . ,

, "read error". (

).

.

. (), . ,

.

?

VIM, :

DisplaySwap file ".main.c.swp" already exists!

[O]pen Read-Only, (E)dit anyway, (R)ecover, (Q)uit, (A)bort, (D)elete it:

O .

.

, .

1: ?

149


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150 11

E .

! Vim, .Vim, , .

R .

.

Q .

. Vim. Vim, Vim. , Vim

1. , , .

A .

, , . .

D .

. , , . Unix

.

(Vim),

. :

ex command:recover

Vim.

. Vim.

, 'shortmess'

"A"2. , .

*11.4*

1: Vim2: AATTENTION

150


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152/438

152 12

*usr 12.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060424


, Vim. .

.

|12.1| word|12.2| "Last, First""First Last"

|12.3| |12.4| |12.5| |12.6| 1

|12.7| |12.8| word


*12.1* word

word:

ex command:%s/four/4/g

"%". "g"

.

"thirtyfour",

, "thirty4". . "\


153/438

153 12

, "fourty". "\>"

word:

ex command:%s/\/4/g

, "four", . , "c"

:

ex command:%s/\/4/gc

. , . .

C++, ".cpp". "GetResp""GetAnswer".

vim *.cpp Vim, : C++. .

qq , q.

:%s/\/GetAnswer/g .

:wnext

q @q q .

":wnext. .

999@q 1

, ":wnext"

"next". , 2.

: , .

.

: .cpp"GetResp",, . "e":

2: Vim,

153
http://-/?-


154/438

154 12

ex command:%s/\/GetAnswer/ge

"e"":substitute"

.

*12.2* "Last, First""First Last"

:

DisplayDoe, John

Smith, Peter

:

DisplayJohn Doe

Peter Smith

. Vim:

ex command:%s/$[^,]*$, $.*$/\2 \1/

. . "%": .

"/from/to/". "from""to"."from":

Display$[^,]*$, $.*$

, "Last"  [^,]

* ", " ,, "First" 

. *

"to""\2""\1". Vim

. . "\2"

154


155/438

155 12

"", "First", "\1"

,"Last" .

9. "\0". . |sub-replace-special|.

*12.3*

Makefile, :

DisplayOBJS = \

version.o \

pch.o \

getopt.o \

util.o \

getopt1.o \

inp.o \

patch.o \

backup.o

sort:

ex command/^OBJS

j

:.,/^$/-1!sort

, "OBJS", , sort. Visual"!sort". ,

.

:

DisplayOBJS = \

backup.o

getopt.o \

getopt1.o \

inp.o \

patch.o \

pch.o \

util.o \

version.o \

155


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156 12

.

! "backup.o",1

"A \".

,

.

*12.4*

|:global||:move|, . :

ex command:global/^/m 0

:

ex command:g/^/m 0

"^"().

|:move|0, .|:global|.

,

2

. "mt".3:

ex command:'t+1,.g/^/m 't

*12.5*

--- Vim

.

, :

normal mode commandg CTRL-G

1: Makefile2: , Join3: , : :10,20g/^/m9

156


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157 12

. "g"

, .

:

Display

Col 1 of 0; Line 141 of 157; Word 748 of 774; Byte 4489 of 4976

word(748),

word(774).

,

"g CTRL-G", "g CTRL-G". word,

. , .Visual, . "g CTRL-G". :

DisplaySelected 5 of 293 Lines; 70 of 1884 Words; 359 of 10928 Bytes

, , |count-items|.

*12.6* 1

VimshellC,

(Unix). ::

normal mode commandK

Vim"man". . ( "more").

Vim.

.

manVim, manplugin:

ex command:source $VIMRUNTIME/ftplugin/man.vim

vimrc. ":Man"2

man:

1: Unix2ManVim, unixman,

157


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158 12

ex command:Man csh

, .

. "CTRL-W w"

.

, ,

3"echo":

ex command:Man 3 echo

man, man

"word(1)",CTRL-]. ":Man"

1

man, :

normal mode command\K

(, ). , "strstr()":

codeif ( strstr (input, "aap") == )

"strstr", "\K". Vimstrstr() man2.

*12.7*

,

. :

ex command:%s/\s\+$//

1 : (1) man CTRL-] , "word(1)" man, man. Vimman, man,. (2) man"word.~" ., . (3) :vertical Manls,

2: man.vim, "K"

158


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159 12

"%", . ":substitute"

"\s\+$"., |usr 27.txt|.

":substitute""to":"//".

, .

. . ! , :

normal mode command/

, , . "/". "x"

. ,. "n". .

*12.8* word

UNIX, Vimgrep

. , . .

, "frame counter"C:

shell commandvim \VimBacktick{}grep -l frame_counter *.c\VimBacktick{}

. grep. "-l", . "frame counter". ,

(: grepVim1.)

2. UNIXshell:, , . grep

, Vim. ":next"":first"3.

1: Mastering the Regular Expression

2: ":substitute"\13: MS-DOSgrep. Cygwin

grep. SHELL`

159


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160 12

word. .

Vim

. C"error string", :

ex command:grep error_string *.c

Vim (*.c) "error string"."error string"

. (), ":cnext". , ":cprev", ":clist"

.

":grep"grep(Unix)findstr(Windows).'grepprg'.


160


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162/438

162 20

List

CTRL-B CTRL-E

: ( Shift )( CTRL )

. ShiftCTRL.

.

, . , CTRL-W.

normal mode command/the fine pig

CTRL-W

/the fine

CTRL-U. .

.

:

normal mode command/the fine pig

2(, 8)"fine". ,

"great".

normal mode command/the greatpig

162


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163 20

, , . ,

"t"(). , :

normal mode command/the great pig

, .CTRL-C .

: "". ,

Vi ! bug, Vim .

'cpoptions'VimVi.

(Vi)Vi.CTRL-Ca.)

a: : CTRL-W, , CTRL-W CTRL-C

, . ":""/".

*20.2*

. ":substitute"":s". Vim,

.

? 26, ":set"":s",":s"":set", ":set" ":se".

, .

? , good good study. , :

Display:s[ubstitute]

":substitute"":s". . ":su"":sub".

, .":function"":fu".

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, ":fun". (Vim":funny",

":fun").

Vim. . ":w"(":write")":r"(":read")

.

":end", ":endif", ":endwhile""endfunction.

.

. , , ,'autoindent''ai'. :

normal mode command

:set autoindent:set ai

|option-list|.

*20.3*

ViVim. ,

1.

3:

Listinfo.txt

intro.txt

bodyofthepaper.txt

:

ex command:edit bodyofthepaper.txt

. :

ex command:edit b

1: : ", , !" --

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, ? ."b". Vim"b"., Vim.

:

ex command:edit i

Vim, :

ex command:edit info.txt

Vim. (

). , :

ex command:edit intro.txt

, , ,,.

:

ex command:edit i

. Vim, CTRL-P

.

Display -->

:edit i :edit info.txt :edit intro.txt


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, ":set info.txt"? Vim

. . Vim":set", .

, Vim. ,

:

ex command:set isk

:

ex command:set iskeyword

"=":

ex command:set iskeyword=@,48-57,_,192-255

Vim, .

Vim. ., Vim

, .

(^I).

, : CTRL-D.

CTRL-D:

ex command:set is

:

ex command:set is

incsearch isfname isident iskeyword isprint

:set is

Vim. .

, . ,

.

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, "incsearch" "is"."is". ()Vim,

.

CTRL-L. ":edit i", "info.txt""info backup.txt", ":edit info".

'wildmode'.

'wildmenu'.'suffixes', .

'wildignore'1.

|cmdline-completion|

*20.4*

3.

.

4. "/""?", "/""?", . input()

. |cmdline-history|

":set",10":set". ":"10.

:

ex command:se

Vim"se". ":set"

. 10(10":set").

..

,

. CTRL-U.

1: (1)Vim, , (2)Vim, .,

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, :

ex command:history

. , 1:

ex command:history /

CTRL-P, . , CTRL-N. CTRL-Pprevious, CTRL-NNext 2

*20.5*

3 .

. . . .

4:

normal mode commandq:

Vim(). , :

1: : map, autocommand, tags, ,

2: , CTRL-PCTRL-N, shell. emacs, ,

3: : , Vim

4: normal

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Display+-------------------------------------+

|other window |

|~ |

|file.txt=============================|

|:e c ||:e config.h.in |

|:set path=.,/usr/include,, |

|:set iskeyword=@,48-57,_,192-255 |

|:set is |

|:q |

|: |

|command-line=========================|

| |

+-------------------------------------+

Normal. "hjkl". "5k"":e config.h.in" . "$h" "in""i", "cwout".

:

ex command:e config.h.out

. .

. VimInsertNormal.

. ., 1

, , , , .

.

"?config""config". , .

, 2

1: , , . . :-).2: CTRL-W c, Vim

, , CTRL-C, , , , :q

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: |usr 21.txt| Go away and come back : |manual-copyright| vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:

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*usr 21.txt* Vim 7.0.: 20060425


---

Vim. Vim

, Vim. , Vim

, .

|21.1| |21.2| shell|21.3| : viminfo|21.4| |21.5| |21.6|

: |usr 22.txt|

: |usr 20.txt| : |usr toc.txt|

*21.1*

UnixVimCTRL-Z. VimVimshell. . "fg"

Vim.

shell commandCTRL-Z

{shell}fg

, .

CTRL-Z, ":suspend".

Vim, .

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Unix. Vimshell.shell, shell,Vim1.

GUIVimVimshell. CTRL-Z

2

*21.2* shell

shellVim":!{command}"., :

ex command:!ls

:!dir

Unix, MS-Windows.

Vim. .

.

"!". :

ex command:!{program} {program}

:r !{program} {program}

:w !{program} {program}

:[range]!{program} {program}

3"!{program}". , .

, shell.shell:

ex command:shell

1: , shell,

2: windowsgvim, CTRL-Zu, , :unmap , CTRL-Z

3: , , ?

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CTRL-ZVim. shell.

GUIVimshellVim. Vim

. . ,'guipty'. ,

shell. :

ex command:!xterm&

*21.3* : viminfo

,

, . Vim. !

viminfo:

List

Vimviminfo. Vim.

'viminfo'.

. :

ex command:set viminfo=string

string.

. /.

viminfostring. '(a-z).

(1000). :

ex command:set viminfo='1000

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f(A-Z0-9). 0

. 1f, . :

ex command:set viminfo='1000,f1


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VIMviminfo

Vim":wviminfo"":rviminfo"

. Vim, ,Vim :

ex command:wviminfo! ~/tmp/viminfo

:

ex command:rviminfo! ~/tmp/viminfo

, "w""write", "r""read".

":wviminfo"!viminfo. viminfo.

":rviminfo"!viminfo

, 1.

info. viminfo, .

*21.4* 2

Vim. .

, .

Vim3., , , . ('sessionoptions', )

:

ex command:mksession vimbook.vim

, :

ex command:source vimbook.vim

1: : !2: viminfo3: ,

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Vim, :

shell commandvim -S vimbook.vim

Vim. 'S'session(, -SVim. "source").

, , . .

'sessionoptions'.

"blank,buffers,curdir,folds,help,options,winsize".

Listblank

buffers ,

curdir

folds folds,

help

options

winsize

. Vim, :

ex command:set sessionoptions+=resize

,

.

"~/.vim" . "screen", "boring":

ex command:wall

:mksession! ~/.vim/secret.vim:source ~/.vim/boring.vim

":wall". ":mksession!". . "secret"

. "boring".

, , , ,

:

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ex command:source ~/.vim/boring.vim

,

,

.

, . , :

Display+----------------------------------------+

| VIM - main help file |

| |

|Move around: Use the cursor keys, or "h|

|help.txt================================|

|explorer | |

|dir |~ |

|dir |~ |

|file |~ |

|file |~ |

|file |~ |

|file |~ |

|~/=========|[No File]===================|

| |

+----------------------------------------+

, . . plugin.

. .

Vim:

ex command:help

CTRL-W w

:vertical split ~/

. :

ex command:mksession ~/.vim/mine.vim

Vim:

ex commandvim -S ~/.vim/mine.vim

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: ,

"O", .

UNIXMS-WINDOWS

MS-WindowsUnix. ,

"slash""unix"'sessionoptions'. . :

ex command:set sessionoptions+=unix,slash

Vim Unix , MS-Windows Vim Unix .UnixVimMS-Windows. , MS-WindowsVim/, UnixVim\.

VIMINFO

, , .viminfo.

viminfo.

. , .

viminfo. . :

ex command:mksession! ~/.vim/secret.vim

:wviminfo! ~/.vim/secret.viminfo

:

ex command:source ~/.vim/secret.vim

:rviminfo! ~/.vim/secret.viminfo

*21.5*

Vim .

, .

: . 'number', folds. ,

. , .

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:

ex com

Documents

vim user manual 70