1 Which Personality Theory?

BEHAVIORISM!!!

“Give me any child and I’ll shape him into anything.”--Burrhus Frederic Skinner

“Give me a dozen healthy infants ... and my own specified world to bring them up in and I'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select — doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors.“--John Broadus Watson

2 Behaviorism @ Work!!!

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B-ZoqiiMdC15azlieGdmeFItUm8

3 Cuteness Overload

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/0B-ZoqiiMdC15RndiWW9naC1zZVU

4 Logotherapy in a Nutshell!!!Viktor Emil Frankl

1905-1997

Presented by: Ferry Fleurimond

5 Overview

Background Introduction & Differences from a few other theories Main Foci & Concepts of Logotherapy Logotherapy as a technique Summary & Conclusion Final Thoughts

6 Background

7

8 Intro & Differences

Freud’s PsychoanalysisRetrospectionIntrospection

Behaviorism

9

What do you consider “very important” to you right NOW in your life?

Are you living for these things?Would you die for them?

10 Main Foci Logotherapy focuses on the future and

meaning Patients are confronted and reoriented to

meaning in their lives Primary motivational force is meaning of

existence Will to meaning more important than will to

pleasure and will to power This meaning is unique and specific b/c only

the person can achieve it People are able to live and sometimes die for

their ideals and values We need something for which to live or die Surveys show that most people prefer to find

purpose and meaning in life than just to have money

11 Existential Frustration

Will to meaning can be frustrated (existential frustration)

Existential refers to three thingsExistence itselfMeaning of existenceStriving to find tangible,

personal meaning Existential frustration can lead to

neuroses

12 Neuroses Neuroses caused by existential frustration

are called noogenic neuroses Originates in the mind—not

psychological or from conflicts of drives and instincts

Not all conflicts are neurotic; some are healthy and normal

Logotherapy rather than psychotherapy is needed in such cases

Man’s concern or sadness due to worthlessness is existential distress—NOT mental disease

Logotherapy’s job or goal is to help patients find meaning in life

13 Noo-Dynamics Search for meaning can cause inner tension instead

of balance, equilibrium, or homeostasisMan needs noo-dynamics

polar poles: 1 is meaning to be fulfilled and the other is the man who will fulfill it

Such tension is good (prerequisite) for mental health

Having something to live for can help one endure many harsh situations

14 Existential Vacuum & Meaning of Life

Vacuum-void/emptiness withinManifest itself in boredom

Sunday Neuroses; mask/compensated

Man have to make choices; nothing will tell them what to doCan choose for oneself or

conform/totalitarianismMeaning differs from person to

person, day to day, hour to hourLIVE in the MOMENT

15 Essence of Existence Essence of life is to live as if one is living for

the second time and wants to improve life Logotherapy makes patient aware of

responsibilities (eye dr. vs painter)Man is responsible to achieve self-actualization

True meaning is found in the world and not in man (self-transcendence)

Actualization is a side effect/result—don’t pursue it

Meaning of life always changes

16 Meaning of Love & Suffering Love—primary phenomenon; not side effect of sex

Allows us to fully understand othersSex is a way to express togetherness, which is

love Suffering can also help us find meaning

Must transform personal tragedies into victoriesSuffering is no longer suffering once meaning is foundWe must change our attitudes—don’t seek suffering thoughUnhappiness is not a symptom of maladjustment

17 Some Extra Thoughts Inviting people to think of their last days can motivate

them to live in the nowThis helps people to find meaning or get motivation to

live People need to be able to see and understand different

views and approaches “Having been is the surest kind of being” Lootherapy recognizes the transitoriness of existence

18 Logotherapy as a Technique Logotherapy established the special technique called

“Paradoxical Intention” w/ 2 aspects1. Fear engenders the very thing of which a person is afraid 2. Hyper-tension makes it impossible to get what someone

wishes This technique allows people to be okay with their fears by

Making fun of it or themselves (paradoxical wish and paradoxical intention)

Self-detachment innate in sense of humorLearning to laugh at oneself leads to self-management

Can also be applied w/ sleep disturbances, obsessive-compulsive disorder

19 Summary Every age has its own collective neurosis and need its own

psychotherapy Psychotherapy denies that man is free Freedom is restricted but man can defy and brave the worst

conditions Man is self-determine Man is more than psyche Whether neurotic or healthy, there will always be freedom

available to people--even if it’s small Psychotherapy needs to re-humanized people See the person behind the disease

20 Conclusion

Sometimes, we may have to change our attitudes

Freedom can NEVER be taking away

There are always choices

21 Your Reward

5812 Only way to access the quiz Open for only 24 hours

22 References

Atherton J S (2013) Learning and Teaching; Figures in Behaviourism [On-line: UK] retrieved 9 November 2015 from http://www.learningandteaching.info/learning/figures_behaviourism.htm

[Between stimulus and response]. Retrieved from http://coachcampus.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Aleka_Thorvalson_coaching-model1.png

Existential vacuum. Retrieved from www.critical-theory.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/existential-vacuum.jpg Existential frustration. Retrieved from http://

images.8tracks.com/cover/i/001/993/750/exfr-1875.png?rect=0,0,700,700&q=98&fm=jpg&fit=max&w=640&h=640 LifespanLearning LA. (2009, January 19). Search for meaning in life today with Viktor Frankl [Video file]. Retrieved from

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y_Cey-UZX-E [Meaning of life humor]. Retrieved from https://

s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/96/fe/fb/96fefb6e8fcdf797104df4e2019686e2.jpg NanaBorderCollie. (2014, August 24). Awesome, amazing rat tricks [Video File]. Retrieved from https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=7g2rxtWu_FMSteve W’s Channel. (2009, January 9). Viktor Frankl “man alive" 1977 1 of 2 [Video file]. Retrieved from https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=hX4eaMUiIw0Steve W’s Channel. (2009, January 9). Viktor Frankl “man alive" 1977 2 of 2 [Video file]. Retrieved from https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpN2D_tGsiY