VIII - UAMAHistory - home · Web viewBetween 1934 and 1937, Congress passed a series of neutrality acts that were designed primarily to 1. strengthen the nation's military defenses

CONTENTS

VIII. 1931-1960

A. Neutrality and World War II

1. Isolationism and the Neutrality Acts2. Good Neighbor Policy (1933)3. Election of 19404. Lend-Lease Act of 1941

B. United States in World War II

1. December 7, 19412. Opportunities for Women and African Americans3. Office of Price Administration (OPA)4. Internment of Japanese Americans5. Korematsu v. United States (1944)6. Two Front War7. Atomic Bombs

C. Impact of World War II

1. Impact of World War II2. GI Bill of Rights3. War Crime Trials4. Twenty Second Amendment

D. Beginning of the of the Cold War

1. Truman Doctrine2. Marshall Plan3. West Germany4. Berlin Airlift5. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)6. United Nations

E. Korean War

1. Containment2. Korean War (1950-1953)

F. Fear of Communism at Home

1. Loyalty Review Boards and HUAC2. Trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg3. McCarthyism4. Domino Theory

5. Intervention in Latin America6. Eisenhower Doctrine7. Sputnik / Space Race(1957)8. Hydrogen Bomb

G. Postwar America (1950s)

1. Suburbanization and the Middle Class2. Baby Boom

IX. 1954-1975

A. Presidency of John F. Kennedy

1. President John F. Kennedy and the Cold War2. Cuban Revolution3. Bay of Pigs Invasion4. Cuban Missile Crisis5. Peace Corps6. Engel v. Vitale (1962)7. New Frontier Space Program

B. President Lyndon B. Johnson and the Great Society

1. Great Society Legislation2. Environment and Consumer Protection3. Warren Court and the Rights of the Accused

C. Civil Rights Movement

1. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas (1954)2. Little Rock School Integration Crisis (1957)3. Civil Rights Act of 19644. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Civil Disobedience5. Affirmative Action6. Voting Rights Act of 1965

D. Equal Rights

1. Native Americans2. Spanish Speaking Americans3. Feminism and NOW4. Equal Pay Act of 19635. Betty Friedan, the Feminine Mystique6. Equal Rights Amendment Proposal7. Roe v. Wade (1973)

E. Vietnam War

1. Tonkin Gulf Resolution2. Anti-War Protest Movement3. Twenty Sixth Amendment4. War Powers Act of 19735. Legacy of the Vietnam War

X. 1968-1999

A. Presidency of Richard M. Nixon

1. Detente (SALT I Treaty and GRAIN)2. New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)3. Watergate Scandal

B. Presidency of Jimmy Carter

1. Energy Crisis2. Camp David Accords3. Environmentalism

C. Presidencies of Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush

1. Supply-side Economics2. Public Schools and the Supreme Court3. Texas V. Johnson4. Iran-Contra Affair5. Americans with Disabilities Act of 19906. Collapse of the Soviet Union7. Russian Federation8. Persian Gulf War

D. Presidency of William Jefferson Clinton

1. Third Parties2. Election of 19923. Intervention in Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, and Kosovo4. Line-Item Veto5. Whitewater Investigation6. Election of 19967. Impeachment Trial of William Jefferson Clinton

E. Economy of the United States

1. United States Economy2. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)3. Cuban Trade Embargo4. Trade Imbalance with China and Japan

5. Consolidation and Downsizing of America6. Federal Debt

XI. 21rst Century

A. Presidency of George Walker Bush

1. Election of 20002. Census3. Economic Policies of President George W. Bush4. PATRIOT ACT5. Operation Iraqi Freedom

B. Electoral Reform

1. Congressional Term Limits2. Electoral College System3. Lobbying4. Campaign Finance Reform5. Media Election Coverage

C. Today's Issues and Problems

1. Social Security System and Medicare2. United States Immigration Policy3. Minimum Wage4. Nuclear Proliferation5. Computer Security and Identity Theft

______________________________________________________________________

VIII. 1931-1960

A. Neutrality and World War II

1. Isolationism and the Neutrality Acts

Between World War I and World War II, most Americans believed that the United States should follow a foreign policy that emphasized

1. containment and interventionism 3. collective security and defensive alliances2. neutrality and isolation 4. internationalism and free trade

Which factor encouraged an American policy of neutrality during the 1930s?1. disillusionment with World War I and its results 2. decline in the military readiness of other nations 3. repeal of Prohibition4. economic prosperity of the period

Which statement most accurately describes the foreign policy change made by the United States between the start of World War II (1939) and the attack on Pearl Harbor (1941)?

1. The traditional isolationism of the United States was strengthened2. The nation shifted from neutrality to military support for the Allies. 3. War was declared on Germany but not on Japan.4. Financial aid was offered to both the Allied and Axis powers.

The Neutrality Acts of 1935–1937 were primarily designed to1. avoid policies that had led to United States involvement in World War I 2. halt the spread of communism in the Western Hemisphere 3. promote United States membership in the League of Nations 4. stop Japan from attacking United States territories in the Far East

Between 1934 and 1937, Congress passed a series of neutrality acts that were designed primarily to1. strengthen the nation's military defenses 2. provide aid to other democratic nations 3. create jobs for unemployed American workers4. avoid mistakes that had led to American involvement in World War I

Passage of the Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937 indicated that the United States desired to1. isolate itself from conflicts in Europe and Asia 2. form alliances to stop the aggression of dictators 3. expand trade outside the Western Hemisphere 4. support the policies of the League of Nations

The Neutrality Acts passed by Congress in the mid-1930s were efforts to1. avoid mistakes that led the country into World War I 2. create jobs for the unemployed in the military defense industry 3. support the League of Nations efforts to stop wars in Africa and Asia 4. help the democratic nations of Europe against Hitler and Mussolini

The Neutrality Acts of the 1930s were primarily designed to1. avoid foreign policy decisions that led to the United States entry into World War I 2. prevent the United States from joining the League of Nations 3. avoid spending money on military development4. strengthen the economy of the United States

The neutrality laws passed in the 1930's were based on the assumption that the surest way to avoid war was for the United States to

1. maintain a superior army and navy 2. restrict loans to and limit trade with warring nations3. discourage aggressors by threatening military reprisals

4. enter alliances with other democratic nations

Which series of events leading to World War II is in the correct chronological order?1. Neutrality Acts --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor --> Lend-Lease Act --> United States declaration of war on Japan

2. Lend-Lease Act --> Neutrality Acts --> United States declaration of war on Japan --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor 3. United States declaration of war on Japan --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor --> Lend-Lease Act --> Neutrality Acts 4. Neutrality Acts --> Lend-Lease Act --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor --> United States declaration of war on Japan

In the early 1940's, the "destroyers-for-military-bases deal" with Great Britain and the Lend- Lease Act were evidence that the United States

1. recognized that its policy of neutrality conflicted with its self-interest 2. believed that the Allied policy of appeasement would succeed3. followed its policy of neutrality more strictly as World War II progressed in Europe 4. wanted to honor the military commitments it had made just after World War I

In 1939, the immediate response of the United States to the start of World War II in Europe was to1. modify its neutrality policy by providing aid to the Allies 2. declare war on Germany and Italy 3. strengthen its isolationist position by ending trade with England4. send troops to the Allied Nations to act as advisors

At the beginning of World War II, national debate focused on whether the United States should continue the policy of

1. coexistence 2. containment 3. imperialism 4. isolationism

The League of Nations, the Washington Naval Conference, and the Kellog-Briand Pact were designed to keep peace in the Northern Hemisphere. Why did these agreements fail to prevent World War II?

1. Independence movements in developing countries were too strong to be stopped2. The United States was not a participant in any of the agreements3. The agreements lacked enforcement powers4. The United States was too involved in military rearmament

In the 1930's, Congress attempted to avoid the situations that led to United States involvement in World War I by

1. enacting a peacetime draft law2. passing a series of neutrality acts3. authorizing the deportation of American Communist Party members4. relocating Japanese Americans to internment camps

In the 1930's, the United States responded to the rise of fascism in Europe by1. invading Germany and Italy2. forming military alliances3. passing a series of neutrality laws4. joining the League of Nations

A primary objective of United States foreign policy during the 1930's was to

1. avoid involvement in Asian and European conflicts2. protect business interests in Africa through direct intervention3. strengthen international peacekeeping organizations4. acquire overseas land as colonies

"Arms Sales of Warring Nations Banned""American Forbidden to Travel on Ships of Warring Nations""Loans to Nations at War Forbidden""War Materials Sold Only on Cash-and-Carry Basis"These headlines from the 1930's reflect the efforts of the United States to

1. maintain freedom of the seas2. send military supplies to the League of Nations3. limit the spread of international communism4. avoid participation in European wars

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In the cartoon, most of the "diseases" refer to the 1. military dictatorships of the 1930's2. Allied powers of World War II3. nations banned from the United Nations after World War II4. Communist bloc countries in the Cold War



The cartoon indicates the foreign policy position of the United States in response to the1. start of the League of Nations2. collapse of the global economy3. beginning of World War II4. spread of communism to Eastern Europe

Speaker A: "We cannot makes the same mistakes that led to the sinking of the Lusitania. Freedom of the seas is important, but we must keep our ships away from possible danger."Speaker B: "We should encourage Great Britain and France to follow a policy of appeasement."Speaker C: "Continued isolation is the only alternative. Whichever way we turn in this conflict, we find an alien ideology."Speaker D: "The future of the free world depends now on the United States and Great Britain. We must not only help win this war, but also ensure that no others occur in the future."

The speakers are most likely discussing the situation facing the United States just before1. the American Revolution2. the Spanish American War3. World War II4. the Korean War

Which speaker best expresses the ideas of internationalism1. A2. B3. C4. D

2. Good Neighbor Policy (1933)

In 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt announced the Good Neighbor policy primarily to1. increase immigration from Latin America 2. grant diplomatic recognition to the Soviet Union 3. promote free trade with the nations of Europe4. improve relations with Latin American nations

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy was designed mainly t1. reduce border conflicts with Canada 2. increase acceptance of minorities within the United States 3. encourage Germany and the Soviet Union to resolve their differences4. improve relations with Latin America

3. Election of 1940

The election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to a third term as President in 1940 was controversial primarily because this action

1. upset the system of checks and balances 2. violated an amendment to the Constitution 3. challenged a long-held political tradition4. interfered with the functioning of the electoral college

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's reelection in 1940 created a controversy that eventually led to1. the Supreme Court declaring the election unconstitutional 2. the establishment of presidential term limits 3. an effort to increase voter participation4. an attempt to increase the number of Justices on the Supreme Court

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's election to an unprecedented third term was most strongly influenced by

1. his policy on immigration2. his popularity among business executives3. the beginnings of the Great Depression4. the advent of World War II in Europe

4. Lend-Lease Act of 1941

Why was the United States called the "arsenal of democracy" in 1940?1. The leaders in the democratic nations of Europe were educated in the United States. 2. Most of the battles to defend worldwide democracy took place on American soil. 3. The United States supervised elections in European nations before the war.4. The United States provided much of the weaponry needed to fight the Axis powers.

Before entering World War II, the United States acted as the "arsenal of democracy" by1. creating a weapons stockpile for use after the war 2. financing overseas radio broadcasts in support of democracy 3. providing workers for overseas factories4. supplying war materials to the Allies

The main purpose of the lend-lease program enacted by the United States during World War II was to1. sell weapons to both Allied and Axis nations 2. rehabilitate countries devastated by war and occupation3. encourage the extension of democratic reforms in Germany

4. assist countries fighting the Axis Powers

During the early years of World War II, the Destroyer Deal and the Lend-Lease Act were efforts by the United States to

1. help the Allies without formally declaring war 3. negotiate a settlement of the war2. maintain strict neutrality toward the war 4. provide help to both sides in the war

Which series of events leading to World War II is in the correct chronological order?

1. Neutrality Acts --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor --> Lend-Lease Act --> United States declaration of war on Japan 2. Lend-Lease Act --> Neutrality Acts --> United States declaration of war on Japan --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor 3. United States declaration of war on Japan --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor --> Lend-Lease Act --> Neutrality Acts 4. Neutrality Acts --> Lend-Lease Act --> Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor --> United States declaration of war on Japan

Base your answer on the quotation below and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . I also ask this Congress for authority and for funds sufficient to manufacture additional munitions and war supplies of many kinds, to be turned over to those nations which are now in actual war with aggressor nations.

Our most useful and immediate role is to act as an arsenal for them as well as for ourselves. They do not need man power, but they do need billions of dollars worth of the weapons of defense.

The time is near when they will not be able to pay for them all in ready cash. We cannot, and we will not, tell them that they must surrender, merely because of present inability to pay for the weapons which we know they must have. . . .—President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Annual Messageto Congress, January 6, 1941

Which program was President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposing in this speech?

1. Fair Deal 3. Lend-Lease2. Great Society 4. Cash and Carry

The Lend-Lease Act and the Destroyers-for-Bases deal were adopted prior to World War II primarily because these actions would

1. help Allied nations without the United States entering the war 2. stop the spread of communism 3. convince the American people that war was necessary4. create jobs to end the Great Depression

Prior to United States entry into World War II, Congress passed the Cash-and-Carry Act of 1939 and the Lend-Lease Act of 1941. These foreign policy actions showed that the United States

1. gave equal support to both the Allied and Axis powers 2. attempted to contain the spread of communism 3. maintained a strict policy of isolationism4. became increasingly drawn into the war in Europe

An immediate effect of the Lend-Lease program was that1. Western Europe recovered from the damage caused by World War I2. the Soviet Union formed the Warsaw Pact3. Japan declared war against the United States4. the United States provided critical aid to Great Britain and the Soviet Union

In 1939, the immediate response of the United States to the start of World War II in Europe was to1. modify its neutrality policy by providing aid to the Allies2. declare war on Germany and Italy 3. strengthen its isolationist position by ending trade with England4. send troops to the Allied Nations to act as advisors

"The people of Europe who are defending themselves do not ask us to do their fighting. They as us for weapons.... which will enable them to fight for their liberty and our security. Emphatically we must get these weapons to them in sufficient volume and quickly enough, so that we and our children will be saved the agony and suffering of war which others have had to endure...."

- President Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 29, 1940

The foreign policy objective stated by President Roosevelt in this address was to 1. provide military aid to the Allies without sending troops2. maintain an isolationist policy towards the war in Europe3. expand the military power of the United States4. secure a declaration of war against the Axis Powers

"The people of Europe who are defending themselves do not ask us to do their fighting. They as us for weapons.... which will enable them to fight for their liberty and our security. Emphatically we must get these weapons to them in sufficient volume and quickly enough, so that we and our children will be saved the agony and suffering of war which others have had to endure...."

- President Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 29, 1940

In this statement, President Franklin D. Roosevelt was asking the nation to

1. support a declaration of war against Nazi Germany2. adopt a policy of containment3. join the League of Nations4. become the "arsenal of democracy"

- Cash and Carry (1937)- Destroyers for Naval Bases Deal (1940)- Lend Lease Act (1941)

Which change in United States foreign policy is demonstrated by the passage of these acts prior to World War II?

1. a shift from neutrality toward more direct involvement2. an effort to become more neutral3. a movement from isolationism to containment of communism4. a desire to provide aid to both Allied and Axis powers

B. United States in World War II

1. December 7, 1941

Which event brought the United States directly into World War II?

1. the sinking of the Lusitania by Germany 2. the invasion of Poland by Germany 3. the murder of many Jews throughout Europe4. the bombing of Pearl Harbor by Japan

Which statement most accurately describes the foreign policy change made by the United States between the start of World War II (1939) and the attack on Pearl Harbor (1941)?

1. The traditional isolationism of the United States was strengthened. 2. The nation shifted from neutrality to military support for the Allies. 3. War was declared on Germany but not on Japan.4. Financial aid was offered to both the Allies and Axis powers

The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 is an illustration of the1. impact a single event can have on public opinion in a time of crisis2. effectiveness of a policy of appeasement in stopping aggression3. success of the pacifist movement in the United States4. role of communism as a negative influence in global affairs

The main reason the United States entered World War II was to1. gain additional overseas territories2. stop totalitarian aggression3. honor its treaty commitments4. spread capitalist economic ideas to poor nations

2. Opportunities for Women and African Americans

Which change in American society occurred during World War II?

1. African Americans were granted equality in the armed forces. 2. Women were allowed to enter combat units for the first time. 3. Congress enacted the first military draft.4. Women replaced men in essential wartime industries.

What was the primary reason for the increased migration of African Americans to cities during World War II?

1. An increase in civil rights legislation occurred during this period. 2. The South was experiencing a major economic recession. 3. Industry in the North was expanding rapidly.4. They had a patriotic desire to join integrated military units.

The experiences of African Americans serving in the military forces during World War II influenced their postwar decision to

1. renew support for the principle of separate but equal 2. join the armed forces in record numbers 3. increase efforts to end racial discrimination 4. move back to the rural south

Base your answer on the accompanying poster and on your knowledge of social studies.

http://barronsregents.com/img/US0806/US0806037.GIF

During World War II, posters like this were used to

1. prevent antiwar protests 2. recruit more women workers3. convince women to enlist in the military services4. gain acceptance for wartime rationing programs

5. Base your answer on the posters shown and on your knowledge of social studies.

These posters were used during World War II to encourage women to


1. serve in the armed forces 3. buy war bonds2. exercise their vote 4. contribute to the war effort

World War I and World War II brought about changes for minorities and women because these conflicts led to

1. the creation of new job opportunities 2. the passage of the Equal Rights Amendment 3. a greater number of high-level management positions4. greater integration in housing and schools throughout the nation

During World War II, posters of Rosie the Riveter were used to

1. recruit women into wartime industries 3. promote women's suffrage2. encourage women to serve in the armed forces 4. support higher education for women

After the end of World War II, many working women left their factory jobs because they were

1. fired from their jobs due to poor performance 2. unprepared for peacetime employment 3. forced to give up their jobs to returning war veterans4. dissatisfied with their low wages

In the United States during World War II, the role of women changed as they

1. were drafted and assigned military roles equal to those held by men 2. continued to work outside the home only in jobs traditionally performed by women 3. made major contributions to the war effort by taking jobs in factories4. achieved positions of leadership in most major industries

10. This poster was used during World War II to

http://barronsregents.com/img/US0699/US0699033.gif

1. encourage citizens to volunteer to serve in the Armed Forces 2. remind citizens not to be wasteful during the war 3. promote the sale of war bonds4. encourage women to seek jobs in war-related industries

Base your answer on the cartoon below and on your knowledge of social studies.


In this cartoon, the main idea is that after World War II, many women might

1. insist that men be given back their pre-World War II jobs 2. demand the right to serve in combat in future wars 3. resist a return to their traditional role as homemakers

4. demand the right to vote and to seek public office

"Though I have found no Negroes who want to see the [Allies] lose this war, I have found many who, before the war ends, want to see the stuffing knocked out of white supremacy. . . to win democracy for ourselves at home and to help win the war for democracy the world over. . ."—A. Philip Randolph.

Which war is most likely being discussed in this statement?

1. Revolutionary War 3. World War II2. Civil War 4. Vietnam War

During World War II, many women experienced a change in role in that they1. served in military combat positions2. worked in jobs formerly held by men3. controlled most corporations4. chaired several congressional committees

Which statement identifies a change in American society during World War II?1. economic opportunities for women increased2. government regulation of the economy decreased3. the Great Depression worsened4. racial tensions were eliminated

During World War II, labor conditions in the United States resulted in1. an expansion of economic opportunities for women2. the creation of forced labor camps3. a governmental takeover of most industries4. a shortage of most military supplies

Which statement describes a major social and economic impact on American society during World War II?

1. the Great Depression continued to worsen2. more women and minorities found employment in factories3. the United States became an agricultural society4. consumer goods became easier to obtain

3. Office of Price Administration (OPA)

To help pay for World War II, the United States government relied heavily on the

1. money borrowed from foreign governments 2. sale of war bonds3. sale of United States manufactured goods to neutral nations4. printing of additional paper money

Base your answer on the speakers' statements below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Speaker A : "The current situation has necessitated that more women enter the workforce."Speaker B : "My family will have to get along without sugar and flour this week."Speaker C : "I say we should continue to support our president, even if a president has never been elected to four terms before now."Speaker D : "I support the government in everything it has to do, to be sure we are safe from fascism here at home."

The speakers would have made these statements during1. World War I2. World War II3. the Korean War4. the Vietnam War

Which situation is Speaker B describing?1. destruction of crops during wartime 3. food rationing to support a war effort2. need for importation of food products 4. limitation of agricultural production through

farm subsidies

A main purpose of government-ordered rationing during World War II was to1. increase foreign trade 3. conserve raw materials for the war effort2. limit the growth of industry 4. encourage women to enter the workforce

Base your answer on the accompanying cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.


Which feature of life on the home front during World War II is most clearly illustrated by this 1944 cartoon?

1. food rationing 3. juvenile delinquency2. housing shortages 4. conserving natural resource

During World War II, the federal government used rationing to1. hold down prices of military weapons2. increase educational benefits for veterans3. increase imports of scarce products4. provide more resources for the military

Which congressional action not only raised money for World War II but also contributed to the national debt?

1. requiring employers to withhold taxes from workers' paychecks2. raising income tax rates3. selling war bonds

4. enacting wage and price controls



The use of this card, issued by the federal government, was intended to1. help the automobile industry2. support the troops in wartime3. increase the use of gasoline4. decrease the cost of automobiles



During World War II, this poster was used primarily to1. contain the spread of communism2. create jobs for the unemployed3. gain financial support for the war4. convince women to fill vacant factory jobs

4. Internment of Japanese Americans

Which federal policy was enacted during World War II and justified as a wartime necessity?1. a ban on German-language books 3. exclusion of Chinese immigrants2. internment of Japanese Americans 4. adoption of the quota system of immigration

Which wartime policy toward Japanese Americans was upheld by the Supreme Court in its 1944 ruling in Korematsu v. United States?

1. deportation to Japan 3. denial of voting rights2. mandatory military service 4. confinement in internment camps

". . . The Director of the War Relocation Authority is authorized and directed to formulate and effectuate [implement] a program for the removal, from the areas designated from time to time by the Secretary of War or appropriate military commander under the authority of Executive Order No. 9066 of February 19, 1942, of the persons or classes of persons designated under such Executive Order, and for their relocation, maintenance, and supervision. . . ."-- Executive Order 9102, March 18, 1942

Shortly after this executive order was signed, federal government authorities began to

1. move Japanese Americans to internment camps 2. deport German and Italian aliens 3. detain and interrogate Chinese immigrants4. arrest the individuals who planned the attack on Pearl Harbor

Based on a study of the trial of Sacco and Vanzetti (1920s) and the internment of Japanese Americans (1940s) which conclusion is most accurate?

1. The Bill of Rights is not intended to apply to naturalized citizens. 2. Racial and ethic hostilities are effectively checked by adherence to due process of law.3. Internment of suspected criminals is necessary during wartime.

4. Nativism and racism sometimes override the ideals of constitutional democracy.

A violation of civil rights that occurred in the United States during World War II was the1. arrests made as a result of the Palmer raids 2. passage of an open immigration law 3. internment of Japanese Americans 4. forced removal of Native American Indians from their reservations

Which World War II action was later determined to be a violation of civil liberties?1. rationing of scarce commodities 3. internment of Japanese Americans2. employment of women in factories 4. use of a military draft

The constitutionality of relocating Japanese Americans during World War II was upheld by the United States Supreme Court because the Japanese Americans were

1. needed as wartime spies2. considered a threat to national security3. openly providing military aid to Japan4. critical of United States attacks on Japan

During World War II, many Japanese Americans living on the West Coast were relocated to detention centers primarily because they

1. were known spies for Japan

2. were seen as a security threat3. refused to serve in the United States military4. expressed their support for Italy and Germany

Which factor contributed to the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II?1. labor shortages during the war2. influence of racial prejudice3. increase of terrorist activities on the West Coast4. fear of loss of jobs to Japanese workers

Which statement about Japanese Americans interned during World War II is most accurate?1. many were forced to return to Japan at the conclusion of the war2. no Japanese Americans were allowed to serve in the United States armed services during the war3. most were released after signing a loyalty oath4. many lost their homes and businesses

"Lincoln Suspends Writ of Habeas Corpus""Supreme Court Rules for Government in Draft Resister Case""Relocation of Japanese American Upheld by Supreme Court"

These headlines illustrate that during wartime1. the liberties of individuals can be restricted2. the role of the government in regulating the economy increases3. most Americans support participation in wars4. new job opportunities are created by increased demand

"... it is known that there are Japanese residents of California who have sought to aid the Japanese enemy by way of communicating information...."

- Culbert Olson, Governor of California, February 1942

This statement helped influenced President Franklin D. Roosevelt to1. ask Congress to declare war on Japan2. force most Japanese Americans to leave the United States3. send federal troops to guard California's capital4. restrict the civil liberties of Japanese Americans

5. Korematsu v. United States (1944)

The decision of the Supreme Court in Korematsu v.United States (1944) upheld the power of the president during wartime to

1. ban terrorists from entering the country 2. limit a group's civil liberties 3. stop mistreatment of resident legal aliens 4. deport persons who work for enemy nations

In Korematsu v. United States (1944), the Supreme Court said that the removal of Japanese Americans from their homes was constitutional because

1. most Japanese Americans were not United States citizens 2. many Japanese Americans refused to serve in the United States Armed Forces 3. this type of action was necessary during a national emergency4. there was strong evidence of significant Japanese sabotage on the West Coast

In both Schenck v. United States (1919) and Korematsu v. United States (1944), the Supreme Court ruled that during wartime

1. civil liberties may be limited 3. drafting of noncitizens is permitted2. women can fight in combat 4. sale of alcohol is illegal

One similarity between the laws being challenged in the United States Supreme Court cases of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) and Korematsu v. United States (1944) is that

1. specific groups of people were being targeted based on race or ethnicity 2. state laws were declared unconstitutional 3. immigrants were relocated to prison camps4. federal laws segregating public transportation were upheld

The rulings of the supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857), Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), and Korematsu v. United States (1944) all demonstrated that the Supreme Court has

1. continued to extend voting rights to minorities 2. protected itself from internal dissent 3. sometimes failed to protect the rights of minorities4. often imposed restrictions on free speech during wartime

The United States Supreme Court decision in Korematsu v. United States (1944) concerned1. restricting freedom of the press 2. the president's right to use atomic weapons 3. limiting civil liberties during wartime 4. the right of women to serve in military combat

In the 1944 case Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that wartime conditions justified the

1. use of women in military combat 3. limitations placed on civil liberties2. ban against strikes by workers 4. reduction in the powers of the president

Which wartime policy toward Japanese Americans was upheld by the Supreme Court in its 1944 ruling in Korematsu v. United States?

1. deportation to Japan 3. denial of voting rights2. mandatory military service 4. confinement in internment camps

The decisions of the United States Supreme Court in Schenck v. United States (1919) and Korematsu v. United States (1944) show that civil liberties are

1. considered more important than military goals 3. affected by state laws2. not guaranteed to immigrants 4. limited in certain situations


"Korematsu was not excluded from the military area because of hostility to him or his race. He was excluded because we are at war with the Japanese Empire, because the ... authorities feared an invasion of our West Coast and felt constrained to take proper security measures."--Justice Hugo BlackKorematsu v. United States, 1944

Which generalization is supported by this quotation?1. Individual rights need to be maintained in national emergencies. 2. The Supreme Court lacks the power to block presidential actions taken during wartime. 3. Individual rights can be restricted under certain circumstances.4. Only the Supreme Court can alter the constitutional rights of American citizens.

In Korematsu v. United States (1944), the Supreme Court said that the removal of Japanese Americans from their homes was constitutional because

1. most Japanese Americans were not United States citizens 2. many Japanese Americans refused to serve in the United States Armed Forces 3. this type of action was necessary during a national emergency4. there was strong evidence of significant Japanese sabotage on the West Coast

6. Two-Front War

What was the key challenge faced by the United States during World War II?1. lack of public support fo the war effort2. fighting the war on several fronts3. difficulty gaining congressional support4. total reliance on naval power

7. Atomic Bombs

A controversial issue that resulted from World War II was the1. future role of the League of Nations 2. morality of nuclear warfare 3. commitment of troops without congressional approval4. civilian control of the military

President Harry Truman's decision to use atomic bombs against Japan was primarily based on his belief that

1. an invasion of Japan would result in excessive casualties 2. Germany would refuse to surrender in Europe 3. an alliance was developing between Japan and the Soviet Union4. Japan was in the process of developing its own atomic weapons

4. Shortly after entering World War II, the United States began the Manhattan Project to

1. work on the development of an atomic bomb 2. increase economic production to meet wartime demands 3. defend New York City against a nuclear attack4. recruit men for the military services

A reason that President Harry Truman decided to use atomic weapons against Japan was to1. end the war while limiting the loss of American lives2. punish the Japanese people by destroying their country3. increase Japan's potential as a future aggressor4. divert forces to fight Germany

Speaker A: "The use of the bomb shortened the war and saved American lives"Speaker B: "The United States might have been able to force the Japanese to surrender simply by demonstrating the power of the bomb on a deserted island."Speaker C: "The use of the bomb was justified because of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor."Speaker D: "In Hiroshima, the bomb instantly incinerated more than 60,000 people. Most were civilians."

Which speakers hold the view that using the bomb was an appropriate military action1. A and B2. A and C3. B and C4. B and D

These statements most likely were made during the1. Versailles Peace Conference (1919)2. 1920's3. Great Depression4. post World War II period

C. Impact of World War II

1. Impact of World War II

After World War II, the United States was better able than its allies to adjust its economy from wartime to peacetime because the United States

1. possessed nuclear weapons 3. had collected its war debts from the Allies2. raised tariffs on imports 4. had suffered no widespread wartime destruction

In 1948, President Harry Truman showed his support for civil rights by issuing an executive order to1. end the immigration quota system 2. assure equal status for women in military service 3. ban racial segregation in the military 4. guarantee jobs for Native American Indians

President Harry Truman advanced the cause of civil rights for African Americans by

1. ordering the desegregation of the Armed Forces 2. appointing the first African American to the Supreme Court 3. supporting the ratification of the 14th and 15th amendments4. establishing affirmative action policies for industry

2. GI Bill of Rights

The GI Bill affected American society after World War II by1. eliminating child labor 3. increasing spending on space exploration2. expanding voting rights 4. extending educational and housing opportunities

A major purpose of the GI Bill (1944) was to1. replace the draft near the end of World War II2. prohibit racial discrimination in the armed forces 3. provide federal funds for veterans to attend college4. increase the number of women working in defense industries

In 1944, Congress enacted the GI Bill of Rights in order to1. provide economic aid to veterans 3. ban racial segregation in the armed forces2. reduce military expenditures 4. create government jobs for returning soldiers

Toward the end of World War II, the Servicemen's Readjustment Act (first GI bill, 1944) attempted to benefit American society by

1. guaranteeing racial equality in the Armed Forces 2. providing educational and financial assistance to veterans 3. abolishing the draft during peacetime4. strengthening the concept of civilian control of the military

What was the main purpose of the GI Bill passed by Congress shortly before the end of World War II?1. to offer low-interest loans to the defense industiry2. to provide economic aid to veterans3. to contain the spread of international communism4. to expand career opportunities in the military

3. War Crime Trials

Which of these trials established the principle that leaders of a nation may be tried for crimes against humanity?

1. Scopes 3. Sacco and Vanzetti2. Rosenberg 4. Nuremberg

One reason the Nuremberg trials following World War II were held was to1. bring Hitler, Mussolini, and Tojo to justice 2. force Japan to pay for the attack on Pearl Harbor 3. make German leaders accountable for the Holocaust4. punish the German government for bombing England

The primary purpose of the Nuremberg Trials following World War II was to determine the guilt or innocence of

1. individuals responsible for the Holocaust 2. men who evaded the draft during the war 3. Americans who opposed United States participation in the war4. Communists who supported the war

Convictions of war criminals by courts at Tokyo and Nuremberg following World War II showed that1. government officials and military leaders could be held accountable for their actions 2. the United Nations accepted responsibility for international peacekeeping 3. the League of Nations could successfully enforce international law 4. nations that start wars would be forced to rebuild war-torn nations

In which pair of events is the second event a response to the first?1. Truman Doctrine --> D-Day Invasion 3. Holocaust --> Nuremberg War Crimes trials2. Manhattan Project --> Lend-Lease Act 4. Germany's invasion of Poland --> Munich

Conference

The war crimes trials of German and Japanese military officials following World War II established that

1. it is difficult to convict leaders of crimes against humanity2. civil liberties must be expanded for civilians during wartime3. individuals can be held responsible for wartime atrocities against civilians4. genocidal acts are acceptable during wartimes

4. Twenty Second Amendment

The election of Franklin D. Roosevelt to a third term as President in 1940 was controversial primarily because this action

1. upset the system of checks and balances 3. challenged a long-held political tradition2. violated an amendment to the Constitution 4. interfered with the functioning of the

electoral college Since the 1950s, no United States president has run for a third term as president because

1. vice presidents are usually eager to succeed presidents 2. the public has not wanted a president to serve more than two terms 3. opposition within each president's political party has discouraged long tenure in office4. a constitutional amendment was passed denying a president a third term in office

Before ratification of the 22nd amendment in 1951, most presidents served no more than two terms because of

1. a federal law2. a Supreme Court decision3. the elastic clause4. custom and tradition

Which feature of the Presidency is a result of a constitutional amendment?1. two term limit in office

2. power to appoint ambassadors3. duty to act as Commander in Chief4. responsibility to nominate Justices to the Supreme Court

Presidents are prohibited from running for a third term of office by1. an amendment to the Constitution2. the unwritten constitution3. an Executive order4. a law of Congress

In 1944, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to a fourth term as President. Which action was taken to prevent future Presidents from breaking the two-term tradition?

1. Both major political parties agreed to nominate a new candidate for President after an incumbent's second term2. A constitutional amendment was adopted placing term limits on the Presidency3. the Supreme Court ruled that a President could serve for only eight years4. an unwritten agreement was made by Presidential candidates that they would serve for no more than two terms

Which government practice established under the unwritten constitution was later included in the written Constitution by an amendment?

1. appointing members of the Cabinet2. exercising judicial review3. holding political party conventions4. limiting the President's time in office to two terms

D. Beginning of the of the Cold War

1. Truman Doctrine

What was one result of World War II?1. the arms race ended2. the Cold War ended3. Communism was eliminated4. two superpowers emerged

" I suppose that history will remember my term iof office as the years when the 'cold war' began to overshadow our lives. I have hardly had a day in office that has not been dominated by this all-embracing struggle...and always in the background there has been the atomic bomb."This quotation best reflects the presidential administration of

1. Franklin D. Roosevelt 3. Richard Nixon2. Harry Truman 4. George Bush

In 1957, the Eisenhower Doctrine expanded the principles of the Truman Doctrine by extending Middle East military assistance in order to

1. offset communist influence in the region 2. combat anti-American terrorist threats 3. force the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to end its oil embargo4. defend Israel against Arab invasions

Issuing the Truman Doctrine, defending South Korea, and sending military advisors to Vietnam were actions taken by the United States to

1. encourage membership in the United Nations 3. limit the spread of communism2. promote American business in Asia 4. gain additional overseas colonies

In the Truman Doctrine, President Harry Truman pledged to1. support Greece in its fight against communist aggression 2. fight hunger in Africa and Asia3. strengthen the United States nuclear arsenal

4. reject a policy of containment

The Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower Doctrine were United States polices concerning1. the international balance of payments 3. worldwide environmental pollution2. the containment of communism 4. nuclear disarmament

One similarity between the Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower Doctrine is that both were designed to

1. limit the spread of communism 3. restrict United States foreign aid2. help develop the space program 4. assist rebellions against the Soviet Union


. . . I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation [control] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way.I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes. . . .—President Harry Truman, speech to Congress(Truman Doctrine), March 12, 1947

The program described in this quotation was part of the foreign policy of1. detente 3. neutrality2. containment 4. colonialism

Which foreign policy decision by President Harry Truman is an example of the policy of containment?1. relieving General MacArthur of his Korean command2. recognizing the new nation of Israel3. supporting the trials of war criminals in Germany and Japan4. providing military aid to Greece and Turkey

The Truman Doctrine was originally designed to1. stop the proliferation of nuclear weapons2. contain communism by giving aid to Greece and Turkey

3. use the United Nations as a tool to eliminate threats posed by the Soviet Union4. rebuild southeast Asia by extending economic aid

Which heading best completes the partial outline below?

I. _____________________A. Open Door PolicyB. Panamanian Revolt (1903)C. Roosevelt CorollaryD. Truman Doctrine

1. American Domestic Programs2. Cold War Events3. United States Interventionism4. Efforts of Isolationism



The main idea of this 1947 cartoon is that the United States was1. concentrating on foreign affairs while ignoring domestic problems2. alienating its traditional Western European allies by aiding Eastern European nations3. creating a debt that the American economy could not afford4. initiating a risky program with unknown consequences

"It is necessary only to glance at a map to realize that the survival.... of the Greek nation is of grave importance in a much wider situation. If Greece should fall under the control of an armed minority,

the effect upon its neighbor, Turkey, would be immediate and serious. Confusion and disorder might well spread throughout the entire region...."

- President Harry Truman, 1947

The United States government responded to the situation described in this situation by1. reaffirming its commitment to isolationism2. offering economic aid to many European nations3. threatening a nuclear attack4. supporting the efforts of the Warsaw Pact

2. Marshall Plan

The main reason for proposing the Marshall Plan was to1. establish spheres of influence in China 2. limit communist influence in western Europe 3. establish American neutrality in the Cold War4. prevent European intervention in the Western Hemisphere

The Marshall Plan (1948–1952) was a United States effort to assist the nations of Europe by1. forming a strong military alliance 2. providing economic aid 3. sending United States troops to trouble spots4. continuing Lend-Lease aid to the Soviet Union

Which action was taken by the United States government to help Europe's economic recovery after World War II?

1. forming the Alliance for Progress 3. creating the Marshall Plan2. sending troops to Turkey 4. joining the North Atlantic Treaty Organization

The Marshall Plan (1948) and the Cuban missile crisis (1962) are most closely associated with1. the establishment of the Peace Corps 2. the creation of the Alliance for Progress 3. United States-Soviet relations during the Cold War 4. an increase in trade between the United States and Cuba

Which United States program is most likely reflected in the amounts of nonmilitary foreign aid given from 1947 to 1950?

1. Peace Corp. 3. Alliance for Progress2. Marshall Plan 4. Lend Lease

The main foreign policy objective of the Marshall Plan (1948-1952) was to1. stop communist aggression in Korea 2. fight poverty in Latin America 3. rebuild the economies of European nations4. provide jobs for unemployed Americans

A common purpose of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and the Eisenhower Doctrine was to

1. carry out the United States policy of preventing the spread of communism 2. insure the survival of the newly independent nations of Africa and Asia3. limit the proliferation of nuclear weapons

4. provide medical aid to Latin American nations

What was the main purpose of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and the Berlin Airlift?1. controlling Nazism in Europe 2. establishing friendly relations between the United States and the Soviet Union 3. spreading democracy to developing nations 4. limiting Soviet expansion

After World War II, the Marshall Plan was proposed as a way to1. improve diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union2. help European nations recover economically3. remove nuclear weapons from Western Europe4. bring Nazi war criminals to justice

A goal of the Marshall Plan (1948) was to1. rebuild Japan after World War II2. provide military aid to the Warsaw Pact3. establish a Pan-American military alliance system4. provide economic aid to European nations threatened by communism



Information provided by the graph indicates that the Marshall Plan tried to prevent the spread of communism in Europe

1. providing military aid to France and Great Britain2. restoring economic stability throughout western Europe3. encouraging domestic revolutions in Europe4. making European nations dependent on the United Nations



The main idea of this cartoon from the late 1940's is that 1. Europe is slipping into chaos and revolution2. American economic aid is assisting European recovery3. containment is failing as a policy for stopping Soviet expansion in Western Europe4. Europeans are not making serious attempts to solve their economic problems

3. West Germany

In the period following World War II, the United States established a long-term military presence in West Germany in an effort to

1. support the unification of Europe, by force if necessary2. stop communist expansion in Europe3. prevent the renewal of German aggression in Europe4. allow the United Nations to resolve international disputes

4. Berlin Airlift

What was the main purpose of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan, and the Berlin Airlift?

1. controlling Nazism in Europe 2. establishing friendly relations between the United States and the Soviet Union 3. spreading democracy to developing nations 4. limiting Soviet expansion



Which event of 1948-1949 is illustrated by this cartoon?1. Berlin Airlift2. Collapse of the Berlin Wall3. Reunification of Germany4. allied invasion of Normandy



The United States carried out the idea expressed in this late 1940's cartoon by1. forming a military alliance with Russia2. airlifting supplies to West Berlin3. accepting Russian authority over West Berlin4. agreeing to turn over control of Berlin to the United Nations

5. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

The primary reason for the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 was to

1. maintain peace in the Middle East 3. protect Western Europe from the Soviet Union2. block the German Nazi threat in Europe 4. increase United States influence in Asia

The main reason that the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was formed after World War II was to

1. provide collective security against international Communist aggression 2. increase trade between European nations 3. encourage "people-to-people" peaceful diplomacy 4. rebuild Western European economies

After World War II, the United States occupied Japan, joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and helped organize the United Nations. These actions show that the United States was

1. concerned solely with rebuilding Europe 3. expanding its imperialistic empire2. taking on greater global responsibility 4. returning to its policy of neutrality

The concept of collective security is best exemplified by the role of the United States in1. forming the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 2. negotiating the Camp David accords 3. granting China most-favored-nation status 4. becoming a member of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

In the late 1940s, an American statesman made this comment.

"There is nothing [the Soviets] admire so much as strength, and there is nothing for which they have less respect than for weakness, especially military weakness."

This perception of the Soviet Union by United States leaders contributed most to the creation of the1. Lend-Lease policy 2. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 3. United Nations4. GI bill

An important effect of World War II on United States foreign policy was a 1. refusal to become involved in world affairs2. smaller role for the President in foreign policy and national security issues3. stronger commitment to collective security and world leadership4. willingness to intervene only when the national economy is involved

After World War II, the United States departed most sharply from its traditional foreign policy when it1. stopped foreign aid programs2. sponsored disarmament treaties3. organized global systems of alliances4. recongized revolutionary governments

One result of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union was that the two nations1. broke all diplomatic ties2. refused to trade with each other3. formed competing military alliances4. clashed over control of the Mediterranean Sea

Immediately after World War II, the relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union became strained because

1. both nations were competing for supremacy in space exploration2. the United States prevented the Soviet Union from joining the United Nations3. each nation believed that the other was a threat to its national security4. the United States used military forces in Cuba and South Vietnam

Speaker A: "We have to take care of our own problems. If we get too involved in the world's affairs, we'll get draged into conflicts that have nothing to do with our own security."Speaker B: "This world is different now. Two oceans can no longer protect us. We have to take a leading role in order to stop problems before they harm our economic and security interests. We need collective security, and we have to help our allies be economically strong."Speaker C: "Perhaps if we had taken an active part in international peacekeeping organizations in the past, we wouldn't have to take on the superpower role that we face now. Now we must get more involved and met our international obligations."Speaker D: "The arms makers and the bankers got us involved in war. The Europeans are only interested in gaining territory. Let them solve their own problems."

Which speaker reflects the foreign policy beliefs of the Truman administration after World War II1. A and B2. A and D3. B and C4. C and D

The statements of speakers A and D express support for the policy of1. containment2. imperialism3. internationalism4. isolationism

"The Parties to this Treaty reaffirm their faith in the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and their desire to live in peace with all peoples and all governments. They are determined to safeguard the freedom, common heritage, and civilization of their peoples, founded on the principles of democracy, individual liberty, and the rule of law....."

- Preamble to the North Atlantic Treaty, 1949

The statement shows the commitment of the United States to the principle of1. colonialism2. neutrality3. military4. collective security

6. United Nations

The change in the nation's attitude toward membership in the League of Nations and membership in the United Nations shows the contrast between

1. neutrality and containment 3. isolationism and involvement2. appeasement and internationalism 4. interventionism and détente

One similarity between the League of Nations and the United Nations is that both were created to1. establish an international armed force to police trouble spots in the world 2. manage the development of industry in economically distressed nations 3. prevent international disputes from escalating into major wars 4. bring democratic government to member nations

Following World War II, Eleanor Roosevelt was most noted for her1. support of racial segregation in the United States military2. role in creating the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights3. opposition to the Truman Administration4. efforts to end the use of land mines

United States participation in the United Nations and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) after World War II demonstrated that the United States

1. recognized the importance of international cooperation2. returned to the policy it followed after World War I3. believed in the principle of hemispheric isolation4. embraced a postwar policy of strict neutrality

E. Korean War

1. Containment


. . . I believe that it must be the policy of the United States to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation [control] by armed minorities or by outside pressures.I believe that we must assist free peoples to work out their own destinies in their own way.I believe that our help should be primarily through economic and financial aid which is essential to economic stability and orderly political processes. . . .—President Harry Truman, speech to Congress(Truman Doctrine), March 12, 1947

The program described in this quotation was part of the foreign policy of1. detente 3. neutrality2. containment 4. colonialism



Which foreign policy term would be the most appropriate title for the partial outline shown?1. Imperialism 3. Noninvolvement2. Appeasement 4. Containment


Which is a valid conclusion based on United States involvement in the Korean War?1. The policy of containment was applied in Asia as well as in Europe 2. United Nations economic sanctions are more effective than military action 3. The American people will support United States participation in any war, whether declared or undeclared.4. United States cooperation with a wartime ally ends when the war ends

Which heading would be the most appropriate for the list below?

I. __________________________A. Truman DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Berlin BlockadeD. Korean War

1. Containment Efforts 3. Trade Agreements2. Tax-Reform Plans 4. Immigration Polices

Speaker A: "We must provide arms to the legitimate governments of Greece and Turkey if they are to defeat Soviet-sponsored subversion."Speaker B: "The first priority is to help rebuild the postwar economis of European countries so that democratic governments can survive."Speaker C: "Our main goal is to create a system of collective security agreements to deal with any military threats."Speaker D: "We must continue to build both our nuclear and our conventional arsenals if we are to have any hope of world peace."

The central concern of all speakers is1. the containment of communism 2. the defeat of the Axis Powers in World War II3. a ban on the proliferation of nuclear weapons

4. the support of United Nations peacekeeping efforts

The primary goal of the United States foreign policy of containment was to1. return to noninvolvement in world affairs 2. stop communist influence from spreading3. gain territories in Africa and Latin America

4. overthrow existing dictatorships

". . . Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. . . ."

-- President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, 1961

This statement by President Kennedy suggests a continued commitment to the foreign policy of1. isolationism 3. containment2. appeasement 4. imperialism

President Harry Truman supported a containment policy after World War II in an ateempt to1. limit the use of atomic bombs and other nuclear weapons2. end colonialism in Africa and Asia3. bring German and Japanese war criminals to justice4. reduce the influence of the Soviet Union in European countries

Throughout the Cold War, most United States foreign policy was based on the belief that the United States had the responsibility to

1. avoid foreign entanglements2. prevent the spread of communism3. support worldwide revolutions4. provide economic aid to the nations of the Warsaw Pact

"After World War II, some United States foreign policy principles were significantly different from those followed prior to the War."

This statement is best supported by a United States post-World War II policy of1. sending troops to various areas of the world to prevent communist takeovers2. maintaining friendly relations with Great Britain and France3. abandoning the Monroe Doctrine in relations with Latin American nations4. closing military bases around the world to save money for domestic program

2. Korean War (1950-1953)

Which list of wars that involved the United States is in the correct chronological order?1. Vietnam War --> War on Terrorism --> Korean War --> World War II 2. Korean War --> World War II --> Vietnam War --> War on Terrorism 3. World War II --> Vietnam War --> War on Terrorism --> Korean War4. World War II --> Korean War --> Vietnam War --> War on Terrorism

Which is a valid conclusion based on United States involvement in the Korean War?1. The policy of containment was applied in Asia as well as in Europe 2. United Nations economic sanctions are more effective than military action3. The American people will support United States participation in any war, whether declared or undeclared.

4. United States cooperation with a wartime ally ends when the war ends

During the Korean War, President Harry Truman removed General Douglas MacArthur from command because MacArthur

1. called for an immediate end to the war 2. refused to serve under the United Nations 3. lacked the experience to provide wartime leadership

4. threatened the constitutional principle of civilian control of the military

Base your answer on the maps (see image) and on your knowledge of social studies.


Which generalization about the Korean War is supported by information on the maps?1. The war began when South Korea attacked North Korea. 2. General MacArthur launched an invasion from China early in the war. 3. Neither side experienced a major military victory during the war.4. At the end of the war, Korea remained a divided nation.

What was a major outcome of the Korean War (1950--1953)?1. Korea continued to be a divided nation. 2. North Korea became an ally of the United States. 3. South Korea became a communist nation.4. Control of Korea was turned over to the United Nations

The Palmer raids following World War I and the McCarthy hearings during the Korean War were similar in that they were caused by fear of

1. new military weapons 3. communist influence in the United States2. foreign invasions of the United States 4. economic depression

Which conclusion can best be drawn from the United States involvement in the Korean War and the Vietnam War?

1. The Cold War extended beyond direct conflict with the Soviet Union. 2. Popular wars have assured the reelection of incumbent presidents. 3. War is the best way to support developing nations.4. The threat of nuclear war is necessary to settle a military conflict.

Which action occurred for the first time in the early 1950's during the Korean War?1. United States and Soviet troops fought on the same side2. The United Nations used military force against an aggressor nation3. A president was impeached for abusing his power as commander in chief4. United States troops fought in Asia

"Soviets Create Iron Curtain in Eastern Europe""Mao Zedong Leads Successful Revolution in China""North Korean Invasion of South Korea Leads to War"

Which development is reflected in these headlines?1. the post-World War II expansion of communism2. the beginning of detente between the Soviet Union and the United States3. the return to an isolationist foreign policy4. the beginning of pro-democracy movements during the Cold War

F. Fear of Communism at Home

1. Loyalty Review Boards and HUAC

What was one similarity between the Red Scare following World War I and the Cold War following World War II?

1. Fear of communism led to the suppression of the civil liberties of some Americans. 2. Large numbers of Russian revolutionaries settled in the United States. 3. congressional investigations proved that the federal government was heavily infiltrated by communist spies.4. Renewed fighting between wartime enemies was a constant threat.

A governmental action that was consistent with the Cold War mentality was the1. establishment of loyalty reviews of government employees 2. reduction in military defense spending3. elimination of the Central Intelligence Agency4. adoption of the GI Bill of Rights

"There shall be a loyalty investigation of every person entering the civilian employment of any department or agency of the Executive Branch of the Federal Government."

- The Truman Loyalty Order, March 22, 1947

President Harry Truman issued this executive order in response to 1. fear of Communist party influence in government2. election of Socialist Party representatives to Congress3. discovery of spies in defense industries4. arrest and trial of high-ranking government employees for terrorism

2. Trial of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

The trial of Sacco and Vanzetti in the 1920s was similar to the trial of the Rosenbergs in the 1950s in that both trials were accompanied by

1. nativist fears of foreign influence in the United States 2. concern that the United States would sink into a depression3. public reactions against organized crime

4. a grassroots movement to gain equal rights for minorities



The protestors in the photograph are expressing their hatred for1. fascists2. communists3. immigrants4. police officers

3. McCarthyism

Who led a "witch hunt" for Communist spies in the United States government during the early 1950s?1. Supreme Court Justice Earl Warren 3. Senator Joseph McCarthy2. President Dwight Eisenhower 4. Secretary of State Dean Acheson

Since the 1950s, the term McCarthyism has been applied to events that are related to1. the basic rights of citizens to own and carry guns 2. the violent activities of international terrorists 3. reckless accusations unsupported by evidence4. questionable methods used to finance political campaigns

Most opponents of the Senate hearings led by Senator Joseph McCarthy during the 1950s argued that hese investigations

1. weakened the armed forces of the nation 2. violated the constitutional rights of many people3. undermined the powers of the president

4. encouraged the spread of communism

Which factor is most closely associated with McCarthyism?1. buildup of Soviet missiles in Cuba 2. fear of communist influence in the United States3. rise of the Communist Party in China

4. creation of the Warsaw Pact by the Soviet Union

This criticism of Senator Joseph McCarthy and his supporters suggests that1. Senator McCarthy did not do enough to protect the nation from Communist conspiracy2. the tactics of Senator McCarthy were necessary to protect the basic principles of democracy 3. free speech must be limited in times of national crisis4. Senator McCarthy was a great threat to the nation than Communist sympathizers were

Senator Joseph McCarthy built his power on the issue of the1. need to weaken the role of Congress 2. extent of Communist influence in the federal government 3. decline of academic achievement among American students4. importance of improving race relations

Today, the term "McCarthyism" is used to describe the practice of1. removing members of Congress for abuses of power 2. investigating civil service employees for corruption3. accusing a person of subversive activities without sufficient evidence

4. using illegal means to obtain evidence in criminal trials

President Harry Truman's order requiring loyalty checks and the Senate hearings led by Joseph McCarthy were both responses to

1. excessive spending by the armed forces after World War II 2. racial discrimination against African Americans3. fear of communist influence in government

4. control of labor unions by known criminals

In the post-World War II era, Senator Joseph McCarthy and the House Un-American Activities Committee attempted to

1. develop an effective system for spying on other countries 2. make Cold War programs a priority in United States foreign policy3. identify Communists in the government and elsewhere in American society

4. establish a policy of detente with the Soviet Union

The Palmer raids following World War I and the McCarthy hearings during the Korean War were similar in that they were caused by fear of

1. new military weapons 3. communist influence in the United States2. foreign invasions of the United States 4. economic depression

The Palmer Raids of 1919 and 1920 and McCarthyism of the 1950's were similar in that both were1. responses to the large number of immigrants entering the United States2. reactions to the fear of communist influence in the United States3. direct causes of United States entry into war4. long-term results of Presidential foreign policies

McCarthyism in the early 1950s resulted from1. new commitments to civil rights for African Americans 2. opposition to the Marshall Plan3. charges that Communists had infiltrated the United States government

4. increased public support for labor unions

What was a cause for the investigations of the House Un-American Activities Committee in the late 1940s and the investigations of a Senate committee headed by Joseph McCarthy in the early 1950s?

1. the belief that there were Communist agents in the federal government2. excessive spending by the United States military 3. the corruption and bribery of members of Congress4. actions of President Harry Truman that might have led to his impeachment

In the United States, the Red Scare of 1919 and the McCarthy Era of the early 1950's were periods of1. severe economic depression 2. widespread support for groups promoting international anarchy3. great growth in art, literature, and music

4. persecution of people suspected of holding anti-American political views

One way in which the Red Scare of the 1920's and McCarthyism of the 1950's were similar is that both1. jeopardized the rights of individuals suspected of un-American activity2. occurred during times of economic depression3. addressed the issue of increased government bureaucracy after a world war4. led to the imprisonment of ethnic minorities during wartime

The Red Scare and McCarthyism were similar in that both1. advocated the development of the arts and sciences 2. supported United States foreign aid programs3. encouraged nativist ideas

4. promoted economic development

Which situation resulted from Senator Joseph McCarthy's search for Communists within the United States during the 1950s?

1. Thousands of American citizens who believed in communism were either jailed or deported. 2. The reputations of many people were ruined by false accusations of disloyalty.3. Many high-ranking government officials were exposed as spies of the Soviet Union.4. Organized groups of Communists began a wave of violent political terrorism.

The growth of McCarthyism in the early 1950s was based on

1. public fear concerning the spread of communism 2. outrage over government corruption3. dissatisfaction with the results of World War II

4. opposition to the policy of containment

Since the 1950's, the term McCarthyism has been applied to events that are related to1. the basic rights of citizens to own and carry guns2. the violent activities of international terrorists3. reckless accusations unsupported by evidence4. questionable methods used to finance political campaigns

During the early 1950's, the tactics of Senator Joseph McCarthy were criticized because he1. violated important constitutional liberties2. displayed racial prejudice in his questions3. opposed the use of loyalty oaths4. ignored evidence of Soviet spying

Which heading is most appropriate for the partial outline below?

I. ___________________________A. The House Un-American Activities CommitteeB. Loyalty review boardsC. Bomb sheltersD. Watkins v. United States (1957)

1. Results of World War I2. The Cold War at Home3. Problems of Urbanization4. Reactions to Immigration

Which would be the most appropriate entry for line D in the list below?I. The Cold War at Home

A. The McCarthy HearingsB. Alger Hiss caseC. House Un-American Activities CommitteeD. __________________________

1. Labor unrest2. Racial segregation3. Wage and price controls4. Loyalty oaths

Which heading would be most appropriate for the outline below?

I. ___________________________A. Congress passes the Alien and Sedition ActsB. President Abraham Lincoln suspends habeas corpus

C. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders internment of Japanese AmericansD. Senator Joseph McCarthy begins hearings on identifying communists

1. Changes in Economic Policy2. Federalism and the Constitution3. Checks and Balances at Work4. Threats to Civil Liberties

".... The American people are sick and tired of being afraid to speak their minds lest they be politically smeared as 'Communists' or 'Fascists' by their opponents. Freedom of speech is not what it used to be in America. It has been so abused by some that it is not exercised by others. The American people are sick and tired of seeing innocent people smeared and guilty people whitewashed. But there have been enough proved cases the cause nationwide distrust and strong suspicion that there may be something to the unproved, sensational accusations....."

-Senator Margaret Chase Smith, United States Senate, June 1, 1950

When Senator Smith spoke these words, she was reacting to1. the Yellow Peril2. McCarthyism3. the Eisenhower Doctrine4. Progressivism

4. Domino Theory (1954)

Which development is most closely associated with the belief in the domino theory?1. military involvement in Vietnam 3. signing of the nuclear test ban treaty2. construction of the Berlin Wall 4. end of the Korean War

Which foreign policy concept influenced the decision of the United States to become militarily involved in Southeast Asia in the 1950s and 1960s?

1. appeasement 3. peaceful coexistence2. detente 4. domino theory

The domino theory was used to justify United States involvement in the1. War on Poverty 3. Bosnian crisis2. Berlin airlift 4. Vietnam War

In foreign affairs, the domino theory was mainly applied to 1. United States involvement in Latin America2. Japanese expansion in East Asia3. the communist threat in Southeast Asia4. the movement for national independence in Africa

5. Intervention in Latin America

"U.S. Sponsors Panamanian Revolution" (1903)"U.S. Establishes Military Rule in Dominican Republic" (1916)

"CIA Supports Overthrow of Guatemala Regime" (1954)

These headlines suggest that1. United States interests in Latin America have often led to intervention 2. the United States is willing to fight to maintain the independence of Latin American nations 3. Latin American nations have declared war on the United States several times4. Latin American nations are able to run their governments without United States help

6. Eisenhower Doctrine

In 1957, the Eisenhower Doctrine expanded the principles of the Truman Doctrine by extending Middle East military assistance in order to

1. offset communist influence in the region 2. combat anti-American terrorist threats 3. force the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to end its oil embargo4. defend Israel against Arab invasions

When President Dwight D. Eisenhower said "If you knock down the first of a row of dominoes, all the others will fall in quick order," he was expressing a view that led to

1. decreased foreign aid to Western Europe 2. less restrictive immigration policies toward Africa and Latin America3. stronger support for United States involvement in Southeast Asia

4. the end of colonialism in Africa


The Eisenhower Doctrine (1957) was an effort by the United States to1. gain control of the Suez Canal 2. take possession of Middle East oil wells 3. find a homeland for Palestinian refugees4. counter the influence of the Soviet Union in the Middle East

"Eisenhower Sends U.S. Troops to Protect Lebanon""Kennedy Places Quarantine on Shipment of Soviet Missiles to Cuba""Johnson Increases U.S. Troop Strength in Vietnam by 125,000"

Which statement about the Cold War is illustrated by these headlines?1. Rivalries between the superpowers often involved conflicts in other nations. 2. United States military support was most often deployed in Europe. 3. Communist forces were frequently victorious in Asia.4. Summit talks frequently succeeded in limiting international tensions.

One similarity between the Truman Doctrine and the Eisenhower Doctrine is that both were designed to

1. limit the spread of communism 3. restrict United States foreign aid

2. help develop the space program 4. assist rebellions against the Soviet Union

7. Sputnik / Space Race (1957)

The immediate impact of the 1957 launch of Sputnik I was that it1. forced the United States to find new sources of fuel 2. focused attention on the need to regulate the uses of outer space 3. heightened the space race as a form of Cold War competition 4. ended the period of peaceful coexistence between the United States and the Soviet Union

Which pair of events shows a correct cause-and-effect relationship?1. secession of South Carolina --> election of Abraham Lincoln 2. United States enters the Spanish-American War --> sinking of the USS Maine 3. passage of the Meat Inspection Act --> publication of The Jungle4. Soviets launch Sputnik --> United States lands astronauts on the Moon

Which development led to the other three?1. The United States government increased funding for science and math education.

2. The Soviet Union launched the Sputnik satellite. 3. A joint Soviet-American space mission was announced.4. President John F. Kennedy set the goal of landing a man on the Moon.

The successful launching of Sputnik by the Soviet Union in 1957 signaled the beginning of1. American fears that the Soviet had achieved technological superiority 2. the cold war with the United States3. Soviet aggression in Afghanistan and China

4. disarmament discussions between the superpowers

"Sputnik Launch Propels Soviets Ahead in Space Race"

In 1957, the United States government responded to the event described in this headline by1. reducing military spending 2. building a joint space station with the Soviet Union3. constructing President Ronald Reagan's "Star Wars" defense system

4. providing funds to improve the educational system in the United States



Which event of the 1950's most likely led to the publication of this cartoon?1. Russia put cosmonauts on the Moon2. The Soviet Union launched the Sputnik satellite3. The United States was defeated in the Vietnam4. American students scored low on tests in math and science

8. Hydrogen Bomb

During the Cold War era, the United States and the Soviet Union were hesitant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly because of

1. the threat of China to both nations2. pressure from nonaligned nations3. the potential for global nuclear destruction4. mutual dependence on Middle East petroleum



What does this photograph indicate about the United States in the 1950's1. extraordinary steps were taken to hide atomic weapons2. the nation had become the only nuclear superpower3. much fear was created by the Cold War4. only government officials would be safe in a nuclear attack



What is the main idea of this 1945 cartoon?1. the world community needs to stop the spread of nuclear weapons2. Korea's development of atomic bombs has threatened world peace3. the Treaty of Versailles was successful in preventing World War II4. Germany should be criticized for using atomic bombs



The main idea expressed in the cartoon involves the1. relationship between consumer needs and military needs2. problems created by the development of nuclear weapons3. need for all people to be informed about world affairs4. problems associated with the shift from a wartime economy to a peacetime economy

" I suppose that history will remember my term iof office as the years when the 'cold war' began to overshadow our lives. I have hardly had a day in office that has not been dominated by this all-embracing struggle...and always in the background there has been the atomic bomb."This quotation best reflects the presidential administration of

1. Franklin D. Roosevelt 3. Richard Nixon2. Harry Truman 4. George Bush

G. Postwar America (1950s)

1. Suburbanization and the Middle Class

Base your answer to the question on the song excerpt below and on your knowledge of social studies.

Little boxes on the hillside,little boxes made of ticky tacky,Little boxes on the hillside,Little boxes all the same.There's a green one and a pink oneAnd a blue one and a yellow oneAnd they're all made out of ticky tacky,And they all look just the same.—Malvina Reynolds

This song from the 1950s expresses1. criticism of suburban growth 2. encouragement for families to build backyard fallout shelters 3. praise for the variety of goods available to American consumers4. excitement over the expansion of public housing programs

Base your answer on the accompanying photograph and on your knowledge of social studies.


This photograph shows the post-World War II growth that was typical of1. tourist resorts 3. inner cities2. suburban communities 4. public housing projects

Which decade was marked by the beginnings of the space race, suburbanization, and a continuing baby boom?

1. 1890s 3. 1950s2. 1930s 4. 1970s

As a result of the Interstate Highway Act of 1956, the United States experienced1. increased suburban growth 2. the elimination of urban renewal programs 3. less air pollution from motor vehicles4. a reduction in United States dependence on foreign oil

Base your answer on the diagram shown and on your knowledge of social studies.


Which development following World War II caused the urban-suburban pattern shown in the diagram?1. increase in the number of farms 2. expansion of highways and automobile ownership3. movement of most factories to rural areas

4. decline in the number of middle-income families

The rapid growth in personal income in the decade after World War II contributed to1. a decrease in the birthrate2. a major economic depression3. expansion of the midle class4. shortages in the supply of luxury goods

A population movement that developed in the United States immediately after World War II was the migration of white, middle-class Americans from

1. the west coast to the east ocast2. the Northeast to the Sunbelt3. the cities to the suburbs4. the suburbs to renewal areas in inner cities



Which situation is associated with the trends in agriculture shown in these tables?1. farm foreclosures decreased2. farm size was substantially reduced3. farm output declined4. farmers became a smaller percentage of the labor force

2. Baby Boom

During the next 30 years, what will be the most likely impact of the baby boom that followed World War II?

1. More money will be spent on national defense. 2. The cost of health care will decrease. 3. Social Security will have to provide for increasing numbers of retired people.4. The elderly will be the smallest segment of the population.

Which decade was marked by the beginnings of the space race, suburbanization, and a continuing baby boom?

1. 1890s 3. 1950s2. 1930s 4. 1970s

How did the post--World War II baby boom affect American society between 1945 and 1960?1. It decreased the demand for housing. 2. It bankrupted the Social Security System.3. It increased the need for educational resources.

4. It encouraged people to migrate to the Sun Belt.

The aging of the baby boom generation will most likely result in1. an increase in Social Security spending 2. a decrease in health care costs 3. a decrease in infant mortality in the United States4. a balanced federal budget

The baby boom primarily resulted from the1. economic prosperity of the 1920s 3. delay in marriages during World War II2. Great Depression of the 1930s 4. counterculture movement of the 1960s

Which change in the demographic pattern of the United States is currently contributing most to the problems facing the Social Security system?

1. aging of the baby boomers 3. migration to the Sunbelt2. shorter life span of the elderly 4. decline in the rate of immigration

Population increases that resulted from the baby boom of the 1950's and 1960's contributed to a 1. housing surplus2. drop in immigration3. reduction in government services4. rise in demand for consumer goods

IX. 1954-1975

A. Presidency of John F. Kennedy

1. President John F. Kennedy and the Cold War

In a farewell message to the American public, President Dwight D. Eisenhower warned of the growth of the "military-industrial complex." This term refers to the

1. influence of defense contractors in Congress2. threat from the Soviet Army3. internal danger from Communist spies4. economy's dependence on oil imported from the Middle East

". . . Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. . . ."-- President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, 1961

This statement by President Kennedy suggests a continued commitment to the foreign policy of1. isolationism 3. containment2. appeasement 4. imperialism

". . . Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. . . ."-- President John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, 1961

Which conclusion is best supported by this quotation from the Inaugural Address of President John F. Kennedy in 1961?

1. the Cold War was over, and the Soviet Union was beginning to unravel2. President Kennedy was encouraging a very strong presence in foreign policy in the post-World War II period3. Compromise and appeasement were the best avenues to world peace4. President Kennedy understood the limitations of power, even for a strong nation like the United States

2. Cuban Revolution

What was a result of the takeover of Cuba by Fidel Castro?1. Relations between the Soviet Union and Cuba worsened. 2. Many Cuban Americans returned to their homeland. 3. Trade between the United States and Cuba increased.4. Many people fled from Cuba to the United States.

The United States began a trade embargo against Cuba in the 1960s to

1. encourage political change in Cuba 2. promote domestic industries in Cuba 3. motivate Cubans to immigrate to the United States4. end the domination of the banana industry by Cuba

3. Bay of Pigs Invasion

President John F. Kennedy supported the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba as an effort to1. remove a communist dictator from power 2. stop the flow of illegal drugs to the United States 3. support Fidel Castro's efforts for reform 4. rescue hostages held by Cuban freedom fighters

President John F. Kennedy's most significant foreign policy failure involved the1. invasion at the Bay of Pigs in Cuba2. development of the Peace Corps3. signing of a nuclear test-ban treaty4. sending of troops to Berlin

4. Cuban Missile Crisis

"Batista Driven from Power""Bay of Pigs Invasion Fails""U-2 Planes Reveal Soviet Missiles"

These headlines refer to the relationship between the United States and1. Canada 3. Mexico2. Cuba 4. Panama

Base your answer on the statement below and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . But this secret, swift, and extraordinary buildup of Communist missiles—in an area well known to have a special and historical relationship to the United States and the nations of the Western Hemisphere, in violation of Soviet assurances, and in defiance of American and hemispheric policy—this sudden, clandestine [secret] decision to station strategic weapons for the first time outside of Soviet soil—is a deliberately provocative and unjustified change in the status quo which cannot be accepted by this country, if our courage and our commitments are ever to be trusted again by either friend or foe. . . .— President John F. Kennedy, October 22, 1962

What is a valid conclusion based on this statement?1. Strategic weapons of the United States should be stationed on foreign soil. 2. An isolationist foreign policy is the most effective way to preserve peace.3. Presidential attempts were made to end military alliances.

4. Geographic location plays an important role in determining foreign policy


. . . But this secret, swift, and extraordinary buildup of Communist missiles—in an area well known to have a special and historical relationship to the United States and the nations of the Western Hemisphere, in violation of Soviet assurances, and in defiance of American and hemispheric policy—this sudden, clandestine [secret] decision to station strategic weapons for the first time outside of Soviet soil—is a deliberately provocative and unjustified change in the status quo which cannot be accepted by this country, if our courage and our commitments are ever to be trusted again by either friend or foe. . . .— President John F. Kennedy, October 22, 1962This statement is most closely associated with the

1. Bay of Pigs invasion 3. United States-Soviet space race2. Cuban missile crisis 4. nuclear test ban controversy

The 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion and the 1962 missile crisis are conflicts directly related to United States relations with which two nations?

1. the Dominican Republic and Haiti2. Cuba and the Soviet Union3. China and Japan4. North Korea and South Korea

During the early 1960s, the United States had to deal with the building of the Berlin Wall, the Bay of Pigs invasion, and the Cuban missile crisis. Each of these events was a direct result of the

1. United States continued support of United Nations decisions 2. continuing tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union3. United States failure to remain involved in world affairs

4. concern for the safety of Americans living in foreign nations

The Cuban missile crisis (1962) influenced President John F. Kennedy's decision to1. negotiate the limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty with the Soviet Union2. reduce the nation's commitment to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)3. forbid Americans to trade with and travel to Latin America4. send Peace Corps volunteers to aid developing countries

What was one outcome of the Cuban missile crisis in 1962?1. Cuba became a communist nation2. The United States seized military control of Cuba3. The Soviet Union withdrew its nuclear missile from Cuba4. Fidel Castro met with President John F. Kennedy



President John F. Kennedy attempted to deal with the situation shown in the map by1. bombing all the missile sites simultaneously2. imposing a naval blockade to isolate Cuba from the Soviet Union3. allowing the Soviet Union to keep some missiles in Cuba if the remainder were removed4. landing an invasion force on the Cuban mainland

What was the main reason for President Kennedy's action toward Cuba?1. Cuba is located close to the United States2. The United States needed to protect business investments in Cuba3. The cost of building missile defense bases in Florida was high4. Cuba threatened to seize United States merchant ships in the Caribbean

The Marshall Plan (1948) and the Cuban missile crisis (1962) are most closely associated with1. the establishment of the Peace Corps 2. the creation of the Alliance for Progress 3. United States-Soviet relations during the Cold War4. an increase in trade between the United States and Cuba

5. Peace Corps

The Peace Corps was established by President John F. Kennedy in an effort to provide1. support to developing nations of the world 3. markets for consumer goods2. job training for the unemployed 4. teachers for inner-city areas

One reason for the creation of the Peace Corps by President John F. Kennedy was to1. stop the spread of AIDS in Africa and Asia 3. provide workers for industrial nations2. gain control of territory in Latin America 4. give support to developing nations

The Peace Corps was established by President John F. Kennedy in an effort to provide1. support to developing nations of the world 3. markets for consumer goods2. job training for the unemployed 4. teachers for inner-city areas

One reason for the creation of the Peace Corps by President John F. Kennedy was to1. stop the spread of AIDS in Africa and Asia 3. provide workers for industrial nations2. gain control of territory in Latin America 4. give support to developing nations

".... My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for your, but what together we can do for the freedom of man...."

- John F. Kennedy, Inaugural Address, 1961

To implement the idea expressed in this statement, President Kennedy supported the1. creation of the Marshall Plan2. formation of the Peace Corps3. removal of the United States from Korea4. establishment of the South East Asia Treaty Organization

One way in which President John F. Kennedy's Peace Corps and President Lyndon Johnson's Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA) are similar is that both programs attempted to

1. increase domestic security 2. support United States troops fighting overseas 3. improve the quality of people's lives4. provide aid to immigrants coming to the United States

6. Engel v. Vitale (1962)

Which category most accurately completes the heading for the partial outline below?

I. Supreme Court Cases that Deal With_________________________A. Engel v. Vitale (1962)B. Tinker v. Des Moines School District (1969)C. New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)D. Vernonia School District v. Acton (1995)

1. Right to Counsel 3. School Integration2. Student Rights 4. Federal Funding of Education

Base your answer on the cartoon shown and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0606/US0606036.GIFThe cartoonist is commenting on public reaction to the Supreme Court decision that

1. restricted attendance in churches 3. declared school-sponsored prayer unconstitutional2. mandated home-based prayer 4. banned public observance of religious holidays

In the United States Supreme Court case Engel v. Vitale (1962), concerning the separation of church and state, the Court banned

1. state-required student prayer in public schools2. the study of religions in public schools3. released time for religious instruction for public school students4. transportation of students to parochial schools at public expense

7. New Frontier Space Program

President John F. Kennedy's New Frontier program was most successful in 1. establishing social welfare programs to end poverty2. passing civil rights legislation assuring fair housing and equal employment opportunities3. removing restrictions on the number of immigrants entering the United States4. expanding the United States space program

"... We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenges is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win, and the others, too....."

- President John F. Kennedy, speech at Rice University, September 12, 1962

The main purpose of this speech was to win public support for1. establishing a missile defense system on the moon2. cooperating with communist countries in exploring space3. surpassing the Soviet Union in the space race4. controlling the spread of nuclear weapons

B. President Lyndon B. Johnson and the Great Society

1. Great Society Legislation

Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt and Lyndon B. Johnson supported domestic policies that1. favored only one region of the nation 3. led to tax cuts for all Americans2. attempted to increase the wealth of the rich 4. provided direct help to those in need

One goal of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society was to1. improve the quality of life for the poor 3. send additional troops to Vietnam2. privatize many government programs 4. reduce the number of nuclear weapons

One way in which the New Deal, the Fair Deal, and the Great Society are similar is that these programs

1. promoted the idea of "rugged individualism" 2. increased government commitment to the well-being of the people 3. reduced the amount of money spent on domestic programs4. encouraged the states to take a more active role in national defense

The chief objective of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society programs was to1. increase foreign aid to developing nations 2. correct environmental pollution 3. help the disadvantaged in the United States4. unite democratic nations and contain communism

The Great Society legislation enacted under President Lyndon B. Johnson is an example of1. the increased power of the states to deal with economic problems 2. a reliance on laissez-faire capitalism to combat continuing inflation3. direct federal involvement in the United States economy to address the problems of poverty

4. decreased support for the concerns of minority groups

Base your answer to the question on the cartoon shown and on your knowledge of social studies.


Which federal government program was designed to solve the problem illustrated in this cartoon?1. Great Society 3. New Federalism2. Peace Corps 4. Dollar Diplomacy

Which initiative was part of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society program?1. providing medical care to the poor and elderly 2. reducing federal aid to education3. increasing foreign aid to the Soviet Union

4. opposing civil rights legislation

A major goal of President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society was to1. provide government aid to business 3. conserve natural resources2. end poverty in the United States 4. stop emigration from Latin America

A major goal of President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society program was to1. control economic inflation 3. repeal several New Deal social programs2. end poverty in the United States 4. return responsibility for welfare programs to the states

The term Great Society was used by President Lyndon B. Johnson to describe his efforts to1. lower taxes for all Americans 3. end poverty and discrimination in the United States2. win the race for outer space 4. improve the nation's armed forces

The Great Society programs of the 1960's used the power of the Federal Government to bring about1. an all-volunteer military 3. deregulation of business2. antipoverty reforms 4. reduced defense spending

President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society is similar to President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal in that both programs

1. sought ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment to guarantee equality for women 2. advocated passage of civil rights laws to help African Americans 3. supported federal funding of programs for the poor4. approved efforts by states to reduce taxes for the middle class

President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society was an effort to solve the problem of1. poverty 3. overpopulation2. drug trafficking 4. illegal immigration

". . . the Great Society is not a safe harbor, a resting place, a final objective, a finished work. It is a challenge constantly renewed, beckoning us toward a destiny where the meaning of our lives matches the marvelous products of our labor. . . ."

—President Lyndon B. Johnson.This statement supports President Johnson's belief that the federal government has a responsibility to

1. protect the national security 3. assume the responsibilities of state governments2. guarantee the rights of workers 4. improve the general welfare

Lyndon Johnson's Great Society program was aimed at reducing the social pressures caused by1. poverty and urban deterioration 3. environmental pollution2. the war in Vietnam 4. political corruption

One similarity between President Franklin D. Roosevelt and President Lyndon B. Johnson is that both1. believed strongly in states rights2. expanded the power of the Presidency3. supported a strict construction of the Constitution4. oppossed most civil rights legislation

Which action was a common objective of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal and President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society?

1. eliminating nuclear weapons2. helping those living in poverty3. lowering barriers to immigration4. breaking up business monopolies

President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society programs were similar to Progressive Era programs in that both

1. strictly enforced antitrust laws2. focused on expanding civil rights for African Americans3. used federal government power to improve social conditions4. made urban renewal their primary concern

One similarity in the presidential administrations of Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Lyndon Johnson is that each

1. maintained a foreign policy of neutrality2. expanded the power of the presidency3. removed Supreme Court Justices from office4. decreased the size of the military

President Lyndon Johnson's Great Society program was aimed at reducing the social pressures caused by

1. poverty and urban deterioration2. the war in Vietnam3. environmental pollution

4. political corruption

The passage of the Medicare Act of 1965 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 shows that1. health care is no longer a political issue 2. New Deal principles continue to have a significant influence on later legislation3. government programs have been successful in correcting discrimination

4. Federal policies continue to emphasize individual responsibility for health and welfare

Which federal government program has been most affected by the longer life expectancy of people in the United States?

1. Medicare 3. War on Poverty2. Americans with Disabilities Act 4. No Child Left Behind Act

In 1965, Congress established Medicare to1. provide health care to the elderly 3. grant scholarships to medical students2. assist foreign nations with their health problems 4. establish universal health care

2. Environment and Consumer Protection

The goal of both Upton Sinclair in the early 1900s and Ralph Nader in the 1960s was to1. limit immigration to those with skills needed by American industry 2. encourage the growth of American business interests3. protect the environment

4. expose social and economic problems

Rachel Carson and Ralph Nader are similar to the muckrakers of the Progressive Era because they have

1. advocated a total change in the structure of government2. attempted to expose societal problems3. failed to influence public opinion4. supported anti-American activities

The Jungle by Upton Sinclair and Unsafe at Any Speed by Ralph Nader were both intended to1. publicize the growing violence in American society2. suggest that a poor person could get rich with hard work3. encourage immigration reform4. make the public aware of the poor quality of certain products

How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis (1890)The Jungle, Upton Sinclair (1906)The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck (1939)Unsafe at Any Speed, Ralph Nader (1965)

What has been the impact of these authors and their books on American society?1. most Americans have developed a preference for escapist and romantic literature2. most American authors have adopted a conservative viewpoint3. American business has corrected poor conditions quickly

4. these works have had significant influence on social, political, and economic reforms

3. Warren Court and the Rights of the Accused

In the 1950s and 1960s the United States Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren was characterized as

1. applying a loose interpretation of the Constitution to increase individual rights 2. following precedents rather than overturning them3. stressing states rights and local control

4. emphasizing law and order by severely limiting the rights of the accused

In the 1950s and 1960s, the decisions of the United States Supreme Court under Chief Justice Earl Warren tended to

1. expand the rights of individuals 3. deal harshly with persons accused of crimes2. reduce government regulation of business 4. increase the power of state governments

One similarity in the Supreme Court decisions in Gideon v. Wainwright and Miranda v. Arizona is that both decisions

1. expanded the rights of the accused 2. improved the ability of the police to gather evidence3. lengthened sentences for violent felony offenses

4. set limits on the use of the death penalty

The Supreme Court cases of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966) dealt with the constitutional principle of

1. freedom of religion 3. separation of powers2. freedom from unreasonable search 4. rights of the accused

Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0100/US0100036.GIFThe man holding the sign is objecting to Supreme Court decisions that

1. redefined the right to assemble peacefully 3. expanded the right to bear arms2. strengthened the separation of church and state 4. increased the rights of the accused

The Supreme Court decisions in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966) have been criticized because these rulings

1. expanded the rights of the accused 3. lengthened prison sentences for the guilty2. granted more powers to federal judges 4. reinstated the use of capital punishment

The Supreme Court decisions in Mapp v. Ohio, Gideon v. Wainright, and Miranda v. Arizona all expanded

1. integration of public facilities 3. presidential powers2. rights of the accused 4. equality in the workplace

The United States Supreme Court decisions in Gideon v. Wainwright and Miranda v. Arizona have extended the rights of the accused to

1. a speedy trial

2. reasonable bail3. legal counsel4. an impartial jury

In Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966), the Supreme Court ruled that persons convicted of crimes had been

1. denied due process of law2. denied a speedy and public trial3. vicitimized by illegal search and seizure4. sentenced to cruel and unusual punishment

What was a central issue in the Supreme Court cases of Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) and Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?

1. freedom of religion2. voting rights3. rights of the accused4. property rights

The police enter an individual's home without invitation or a warrant and seize evidence to be used against the individual.

Which Supreme Court decision may be used to rule this evidence inadmissible in court?1. Baker v. Carr2. Gideon v. Wainwright3. Mapp v. Ohio4. Roe v. Wade

The Supreme Court decisions in Mapp v. Ohio, Gideon v. Wainright, and Miranda v. Arizona all affected individual liberty by

1. eliminating the poll tax as a voting requirement2. preventing the use of organized prayer in public schools3. requiring equal pay for men and women in performing the same job4. expanding the constitutional rights of people accused of crimes

The requirement that all persons placed under arrest must be informed of their legal rights resulted from a

1. custom adopted from English common law2. law enacted by Congress3. decision of the United States Supreme Court4. specific statement in the original Constitution of the United States

Which United States Supreme Court decision assured accused persons the right to be informed of certain constitutional rights at the time of their arrest?

1. Engel v. Vitale2. Baker v. Carr3. Miranda v. Arizona4. Gideon v. Wainwright

As a result of the Supreme Court ruling in Miranda v. Arizona (1966), a person accused of a crime is entitled to

1. a speedy trial2. reasonable bail3. a reading of his or her rights at the time of arrest4. protection against cruel or unusual punishment

What principle was established by the United States Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona (1966)?

1. persons placed under arrest must be informed of their legal rights2. defendants in capital punishment cases cannot appeal their sentence3. poor persons must be provided free legal counsel4. evidence obtained by an illegal search is inadmissible in court

The United States Supreme Court decision in Miranda v. Arizona (1966) shows that the Court can1. suspend civil liberties in times of national crisis2. increase the power of state governments3. expand the constitutional rights of individuals4. limit the power of Congress and the President

In the 1960's, Supreme Court decisions in the cases Miranda v. Arizona and Gideon v. Wainwright specifically protected the rights of

1. the accused2. women3. military veterans4. persons with disabilities

The decisions of the United States Supreme Court in Miranda v. Arizona, Gideon v. Wainwright, and Escobedo v. Illinois all advanced the

1. voting rights of minorities2. guarantees of free speech and press3. principle of separation of church and state4. rights of accused persons

Which method resulted in both "separate but equal" public facilities (1896) and Miranda warnings against self-incrimination (1966)?

1. decisions of the United States Supreme Court2. proclamations of state governors3. executive orders of the President4. congressional actions

You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used against you in a court of law. You have the right to speak to an attorney, and to have an attorney present during any questioning. If you cannot afford a lawyer, one will be provided for you at government expense.

The requirements included in this passage are part of the Supreme Court's efforts to protect the rights of

1. individuals accused of crimes2. students from unreasonable searches

3. defendants from double jeopardy4. criminals from cruel and unusual punishment

This passage resulted from what Supreme Court decision?1. Mapp v. Ohio (1961)2. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)3. Miranda v. Arizona (1966)4. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

C. Civil Rights Movement

1. Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)

In 1954, the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka advanced the civil rights movement by

1. guaranteeing equal voting rights to African Americans 2. banning racial segregation in hotels and restaurants 3. declaring that racial segregation in public schools violated the 14th amendment4. upholding the principle of separate but equal public facilities

Which generalization can most accurately be drawn from a study of Supreme Court cases Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education?

1. The Supreme Court has issued consistent decisions in cases involving rights of the accused. 2. Supreme Court decisions are accepted without public controversy. 3. The justices believe that social issues are best left for state courts to decide.4. The Supreme Court has helped to determine public policy.

The constitutional basis for the 1954 decision of the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education is the guarantee of

1. freedom of assmebly2. due process of law3. state control of interstate commerce4. equal protection of the law

"We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."--Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

Which constitutional idea was the basis for this Supreme Court decision?1. protection against double jeopardy 3. freedom of speech2. equal protection of the law 4. right of assembly

"We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."--Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

This quotation illustrates the Supreme Court's power to1. uphold previous decisions

2. overrule state laws3. check the powers of the executive branch4. provide for educational funding

"Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."--Brown v. Board of Education (1954)

The effect of this Supreme Court ruling was to1. establish affirmative action programs in higher education2. require the integration of public schools3. desgregate the armed forces and the military academies4. force states to spend an equal amount on each public school student

Which constitutional principle was tested in the cases of Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?

1. separation of powers2. popular sovereignty3. equal protection of the law4. separation of church and state

Since the 1950s, some of the greatest public controversies about United States Supreme Court decisions have resulted from the Court's interpretation of the

1.power of the House of Representatives to initiate revenue bills 2. power of state governors to pardon criminals 3. right of individuals to criticize public officials 4. right of individuals and groups to equal protection of the law



Information provided by the map most clearly supports the conclusion that by 1964, racial desegregation in Southern schools aws

1. failing in Oklahoma, Missouri, Kentucky, and West Virginia2. supported by most voters in the South3. occuring at different rates in Southern states4. completed by the mid-1960s

The school desegregation that is shown on the map was most affected by the1. decline of the Ku Klux Klan2. passage of the equal rights amendment3. expansion of voting rights for African Americans4. decision of the Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

What has been one of the greatest obstacles to achieving racial integration of public schools in the United States?

1. Federal courts have avoided dealing with public education. 2. Many cities have local laws requiring children of different races to attend different schools.3. 'Separate but equal' public education is still legal in many states.

4. Segregated housing patterns are still common in many communities.

I. "Separation of the races does not place a badge of inferiority upon one group over another, thus it is not a violation of the 14th amendment." (1896)

II. "To separate children in grade school in high school from others of similar age and qualifications solely because of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status.... that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely every to be undone." (1954)

The difference in opinion between these two rulings best shows1. a change in judicial philosophy and public attitudes2. the persistent efforts of the major political parties to increase equal opportunity3. a recognition that democracy depends on economic equality for all citizens4. the refusal of the Supreme Court to deal with controversial issues

2. Little Rock School Integration Crisis (1957)

In 1957, President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent federal troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to1. protect civil rights marchers 2. help African Americans register to vote 3. enforce a Supreme Court decision to desegregate public schools 4. end race riots resulting from a bus boycott

What was the significance of the use of Federal marshals to protect African-American students in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957?

1. It was the first time martial law had been declared in the United States2. It led to the Federal takeover of many Southern public schools3. It strengthened control of education by state governments4. It showed that the Federal Government would enforce court decisions on integration

Which statement is a valid conclusion based on President Dwight D. Eisenhower's approach to applying the Brown v. Board of Education ruling to the desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas?

1. State governors do not have to obey Supreme Court rulings. 2. Presidents refuse to allow military intervention in local disputes. 3. Some Supreme Court decisions are not effective unless the President enforces them.4. Presidents have been unwilling to enforce laws pertaining to minorities.

The president acted as commander in chief in response to which event of the civil rights movement?1. refusal of the governor of Arkansas to obey a federal court order to integrate public schools in Little Rock 2. desegregation of the city bus system in Montgomery, Alabama3. arrest of Martin Luther King Jr. during protests in Birmingham, Alabama

4. assassination of Medgar Evers in Mississippi

When President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent Federal troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, during the 1957 school integration crisis, he was exercising his constitutional power as

1. Chief Legislator2. Commander in Chief3. Chief Diplomat4. Head of State

".... Whenever normal agencies prove inadequate to the task and it becomes necessary for the Executive Branch of the Federal Government to use its powers and authority to uphold Federal Courts, the President's responsibility is inescapable. In accordance with that responsibility, I have today issued an Executive Order directing the use of troops under Federal authority to aid in the execution of Federal law at Little Rock, Arkansas. This became necessary when my Proclamation of yesterday was not observed, and the obstruction of justice still continues...."

- President Dwight D. Eisenhower, September 24, 1957

The situation described in this statement grew out of efforts to1. uphold the Voting Rights Act2. pass a constitutional amendment ending poll taxes3. enforce the decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka4. extend the Montgomery bus boycott to Little Rock

".... I was disappointed not to see what is inside Central High School. I don't understand why the governor of Arkansas sent grown-up soldiers to keep us out. I don't know if I should go back. But Grandma is right, if I don't go back, they will think they have won. They will think they can use soldiers to frighten us, and we'll always have to obey them. They'll always be in charge if I don't go back to Central and make the integration happen....."

- Melba Beals, Warriors Don't Cry, an African American student, 1957

President Dwight D. Eisenhower reacted to the situation described in this passage by1. forcing the governor of Arkansas to resign2. allowing the people of Arkansas to resolve the problem3. asking the Supreme Court to speed up racial integration4. sending federal troops to enforce integration

3. Civil Rights Act of 1964

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was intended to end1. loyalty oaths for federal employees 3. unfair treatment of the elderly2. affirmative action programs in education 4. discrimination based on race or sex


. . . In 1961, James Farmer orchestrated and led the famous Freedom Rides through the South, which are renowned for forcing Americans to confront segregation in bus terminals and on interstate buses. In the spring of that year, James Farmer trained a small group of freedom riders, teaching them to deal with the hostility they were likely to encounter using nonviolent resistance. This training would serve them well. . . .

— Senator Charles Robb, "A Tribute to an American Freedom Fighter," U.S. Senate

The activities described in this statement helped lead to1. President Harry Truman's order to desegregate the military 2. passage of the Civil Rights Act of 19643. ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment

4. a decision by the Supreme Court to integrate public schools

OLD JIM CROW

.... It's wrong to hold malice, we know,But there's one thing that's true, from all points of view,All Negroes hate old man Jim Crow

.... We meet him wherever we go;In all public places, where live both the races,You'll always see Mr. Jim Crow.

- The Nashville Eye (c. 1900)

The presence of Mr. Jim Crow "In all public places" was legally ended by the1. ratification of the 13th amendment (1865) 2. Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)3. establishment of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) (1909) 4. passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed in an effort to correct1. racial and gender discrimination 3. unfair immigration quotas2. limitations on freedom of speech 4. segregation in the armed forces

The Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Fair Housing Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act were government efforts to

1. eliminate restrictions on immigration 2. end discrimination against various groups

3. provide federal aid for children 4. require equal treatment of men and women

Filibusters were used by the United States Senators from the South in the 1950's and 1960's to1. block passage of civil rights bills2. protest United States involvement in Vietnam3. override presidential vetoes of environmental bills4. gain approval of presidential appointments to the Supreme Court

4. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. and Civil Disobedience

"Martin Luther King Jr. Delivers 'I Have a Dream' Speech to Civil Rights Demonstrators in D.C.""Rachel Carson Awakens Conservationists with Her Book, Silent Spring""Cesar Chavez Organizes Migrant Farm Workers"

A valid conclusion based on these headlines is that1. individuals have a great impact on movements for change 2. social reforms progress faster with support from big business 3. the press discouraged efforts at reform in the 1960s4. mass movements often continue without strong leaders

"Rosa Parks Arrested""Supreme Court Rules Against School Segregation""Martin Luther King, Jr., Speaks at March on Washington"

Which movement is best represented by these newspaper headlines?1. abolitionist 3. Progressive2. Populist 4. civil rights

Martin Luther King, Jr. first emerged as a leader of the civil rights movement when he1. led the bus boycott in Montgomery, Alabama 2. refused to give up his seat on a bus to a white man3. challenged the authority of the Supreme Court

4. was elected as the first black congressman from the South

Base your answer on the quotations below and on your knowledge of social studies.

. . . Unjust laws exist; shall we be content to obey them, or shall we endeavor to amend them, and obey them until we have succeeded, or shall we transgress them at once? . . .

--Henry David Thoreau, 1849. . .

But the great glory of American democracy is the right to protest for right. My friends, don't let anybody make us feel that we [are] to be compared in our actions with the Ku Klux Klan or with the White Citizens Council. There will be no crosses burned at any bus stops in Montgomery. There will be no white persons pulled out of their homes and taken out on some distant road and lynched for not

cooperating. There will be nobody amid, among us who will stand up and defy the Constitution of this nation. We only assemble here because of our desire to see right exist. . . .

--Martin Luther King, Jr., December 1955

Which statement most accurately summarizes the main idea of these quotations?1. Revolution is inevitable in a democratic society2. Government consistently protects the freedom and dignity of all its citizens.3. Violence is the most effective form of protest.

4. Civil disobedience is sometimes necessary to bring about change.

Base your answer on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies.

". . . In a sense we've come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the 'unalienable Rights of Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.' It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked 'insufficient funds.' ". . . -- Martin Luther King, Jr., August 28, 1963

The focus of this passage from Dr. King's speech was his belief that1. equal rights for all were guaranteed by the founders of this nation 2. Americans had become blind to racial differences3. violence was often necessary for the protection of civil liberties

4. civil rights for African Americans would always be a dream

Which method is contrary to the principles of Martin Luther King, Jr.?1. sit-ins at a segregated restaurant 2. use of violence to express frustration in achieving racial equality3. demonstrations by minorities in front of a government building

4. marches on Washington to draw attention to the needs of minorities

Which strategy did African-American students use when they refused to leave "whites only" lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, in 1960?

1. economic boycott2. hunger strike3. petition drive4. civil disobedience

"I would agree with Saint Augustine that 'An unjust law is no law at all.'"--Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr."Letter From Birmingham City Jail' "

This statement was used by Dr. King to show support for1. Social Darwinism 3. separation of church and state2. Jim Crow laws 4. civil disobedience

". . . there are two types of laws: There are just laws and there are unjust laws. I would be the first to advocate obeying just laws. One has not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws. Conversely, one has a moral responsibility to disobey unjust laws."

--Martin Luther King, Jr.This statement is a justification of the concept of

1. cultural pluralism 3. reverse discrimination2. ethnic assimilation 4. civil disobedience

"I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal.'"

--Martin Luther King, Jr. Washington, D.C., 1963

Which step was taken following this speech to advance the dream of Martin Luther King, Jr.?1. desegregation of the Armed Forces 3. elimination of the Ku Klux Klan2. ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson 4. passage of new civil rights acts

"The civil rights movement would have been vastly different without the shield and spear of the first amendment."

Based on this quotation, which is a valid conclusion?

1. The civil rights movement used the right to assemble peaceably to its advantage. 2. Armed violence was responsible for the gains made by the civil rights movement. 3. Congress ignored the Constitution in its efforts to speed civil rights gains.4. The executive branch lacked the power to enforce equal rights legislation.

During the 1950s and 1960s, which civil rights leader advocated black separatism?1. Medgar Evers 3. Rosa Parks2. James Meredith 4. Malcolm X

Which conclusion about the civil rights movement of the 1960's is most valid?1. Groups in the movement had common goals but different methods for attaining them2. Civil disobedience failed to bring about any legislative changes3. the movement began with violent protests but ended with peaceful demonstrations4. the movement failed to inspire other groups to work for change

During the civil rights movement of the 1960s, activities of the Congress of Racial Equality, the National Urban League, and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) illustrated that

1. all civil rights groups use the same tactics 2. different approaches can be used to achieve a common goal 3. organizational differences usually lead to failure4. violence is the best tool for achieving social change


Speaker A:

It is more important now to focus on vocational training and economic opportunities than on removing obstacles to social equality for African Americans.Speaker B:The Constitution is color-blind and recognizes no superior class in this country. All citizens are equal before the law.Speaker C:The American Negro [African American] must focus on the achievement of three goals: higher education, full political participation, and continued support for civil rights.Speaker D:African Americans should return home to Africa to establish their own independent nation free from white control.

During the early 1900s, reform leaders tried to advance the goals of Speaker C by1. supporting passage of Jim Crow laws 2. forming the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama3. avoiding attempts to overturn racial segregation in the courts

4. creating the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

The major goal of the civil rights movement of the 1960's was to1. establish a separate political state for African Americans 2. gain passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution3. end segregation based on race

4. permit unlimited immigration to the United States

Base your answer to the following question on the song and on your knowledge of social studies."It isn't nice to block the doorway,It isn't nice to go to jail,There are nicer ways to do it,But the nice ways always fail,It isn't nice, it isn't nice,You told us once, you told us twice,But if that is freedom's price, we don't mind."

--Malvina Reynolds, "It Isn't Nice"This song from the 1960's is most likely referring to the movement to

1. liberalize immigration laws 3. allow women to serve in combat roles in the military2. expand civil rights 4. grant voting rights to 18-year-old citizens

Base your answer on excerpts from the song lyrics below and on your knowledge of social studies.Lyric A:. . . Father, fatherWe don't need to escalateYou see, war is not the answerFor only love can conquer hateYou know we've got to find a wayTo bring some lovin' here today. . .

--"What's Going On," Al Cleveland, Marvin Gaye, Renaldo Benson, 1971

Lyric B:

Yeah, my blood's so madFeels like coagulatin'I'm sittin' here, just contemplatin'I can't twist the truthIt knows no regulationHand full of senators don't pass legislationAnd marches alone can't bring integrationWhen human respect is disintegratin'This whole crazy worldIs just too frustratin'. . .

--"Eve of Destruction," P.F Sloan, 1965Which conclusion is most clearly supported by an examination of these song lyrics?

1. In the 1960s and early 1970s, Americans shared common views on foreign policy. 2. Social conflict existed over war and civil rights in the 1960s and early 1970s.3. The music of the 1960s and early 1970s supported government policies.

4. Most songwriters of the 1960s and early 1970s used their music to advocate violent revolution.

"Henry David Thoreau Refuses to Pay Tax During Mexican War!""Students Sit In at Segregated Lunch Counters in Greensboro, N.C."

ThThe events described in these headlines involve persons who have demonstrated a commitment to1. civil disobedience2. laissez faire3. affirmative action4. pacifism

5. Affirmative Action

What is the main criticism of affirmative action in recent years?1. The program has been extremely costly to the federal government. 2. Hiring quotas for minorities may have denied opportunities to other qualified persons. 3. Very few minority persons have been hired.4. Most state governments have been unwilling to enforce the program.

The program that promotes preference in hiring for African Americans and other minorities to correct past injustices is known as

1. Title IX 3. affirmative action2. open admissions 4. Head Start

One criticism of affirmative action programs is that these programs1. ignore the needs of women in business and education 2. lead to discrimination against more qualified people 3. have a negative effect on immigration4. have not eliminated segregated housing patterns

Programs designed to increase the representation of minorities and women in the workforce have come under attack during years mainly because

1. minorities and women have not been able to point to serious examples of discrimination in employment 2. most laws guaranteeing equal opportunity have been found unconstitutional3. affirmative action has sometimes been considered reverse discrimination

4. the economy has been too weak to absorb more workers

Some critics of affirmative action claim that these programs1. reintroduce Jim Crow practices into the workplace2. apply to private business but not to public education3. lead to reverse discrimination and racial quotas4. fail to provide any assistance to persons with disabilities

The main goal of affirmative action programs is to 1. enforce racial segregation laws2. secure equal voting rights for African Americans3. provide affordable child care4. promote economic gains for minorities and women



The main idea of this cartoon is that the elimination of affirmative action programs on some college campuses has

1. improved race relations2. caused friction among white students3. reduced the number of minority students4. led to rapid increases in enrollment

6. Voting Rights Act of 1965

Base your answer on the accompanying poster and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0805/US0805044.GIF

This poster was used during the1. abolitionist movement 3. civil rights movement2. woman's suffrage movement 4. environmental movement

The federal voting rights laws passed in the 1950s and 1960s were designed to1. return control of voting regulations to the states 2. remove racial barriers to voting3. extend suffrage to American Women

4. prevent recent immigrants from voting

The main reason the Voting Rights Act of 1965 removed the literacy test as a voting qualification was that

1. different standards of literacy had been applied to different groups of voters 2. a majority of voters were unable to read election ballots 3. technology had made voter literacy unnecessary4. the cost of achieving literacy was too high


are needed to see this picture.The changes shown in the chart were most directly the result of the

1. enactment of voting-reform laws by these southern states2. Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education3. passage of the Voting Rights Act of 19654. executive branch's resistance to protecting the civil rights of minorities

Base your answer on the accompanying chart and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0807/US0807045.GIFWhich conclusion is best supported by the changes shown on the chart?

1. African American voters would have little impact on presidential elections. 2. The income of African Americans had increased between 1965 and 1988. 3. Efforts to encourage African American voter registration were successful.4. After 1988, no further effort was made to register African Americans.

E. Equal Rights

1. Native Americans


are needed to see this picture.What Native American Indian viewpoint does the cartoonist support?

1.Illegal immigrants should not be allowed to settle on Native American Indian reservations. 2. European settlers took Native American Indian land. 3. Government efforts to restrict immigration should be supported. 4. Native American Indians support government efforts to stop illegal immigration.

2. Spanish-Speaking Americans

Cesar Chavez created the United Farm Workers Organization Committee (UFWOC) in 1966 primarily to

1. secure voting rights for Mexican Americans2. improve working conditions for migrant laborers3. provide legal assistance to illegal aliens4. increase farm income

One similarity between the actions of Samuel Gompers and Cesar Chavez is that both leaders1. organized workers to strive for better conditions 2. relied on the use of force to gain minority rights3. advocated federal regulation of railroad rates

4. worked to improve consumer product safety

3. Feminism and NOW

One similarity between the 1920's and the 1960's in the United States is that during both decades1. traditional standards of dress, conduct, and conformity were challenged2. involvement in international peacekeeping organization was rejected

3. economic conditions led to severe depression4. civil rights legislation improved conditions for minorities

A study of the women's movement in the United States would show that1. the National Government granted rights to women long before state governments did2. the gains made by women usually took considerable periods of time3. women received voting rights before African-American males did4. wartime employment slowed progress toward gender equality


are needed to see this picture.A valid conclusion based on the data in the table is that

1. men have received better medical attention than women2. Americans are healthier than people in any other country3. the average life expectancy in the United States has increased steadily during the 20th century4. most of the change in the average lifespan for men and women has occurred since 1950



The data included in the table suggest that since 10711. boys are losing interest in participating in sports

2. participation in sports by boys and girls is nearly equal3. girls' participation in sports equals that of boys4. girls' participation in sports is increasing at a faster rate than that of boys

Which development contributed most to the changes shown in the table?1. passage of the Civil Rights Act of 19642. inclusion of Title IX in the Education Amendments of 19723. the beginnings of Head Start programs in the 1960s4. increase in the number of nonpublic schools since the 1970s

4. Equal Pay Act of 1963

Which issue continues to be a major goal of the women's rights movement in the United States? 1. having women serve as officers in the military 2. guaranteeing women equal pay for equal work 3. enabling women to serve in the President's Cabinet 4. admitting women to top-ranked universities

A major goal of the women's movement over the past twenty years has been to gain1. full property rights2. the right to vote3. equal economic opportunity4. better access to Social Security

The concept of comparable worth, or equal pay for equal work, is most closely associate with the movement to

1. promote equality for working women2. enact child labor laws3. gain equality for African Americans4. increase labor union membership



The data in this chart support the conclusion that between 1960 and 19901. government failed to pass laws that granted women equal access to jobs2. the earnings gap between men and women was only slightly improved3. women's earnings consistently increased faster than those of men4. most higher paying jobs were still not legally open to women



Which statement is most clearly supported by the information in the graph?1. more children were under age 6 in 1990 than in 19502. since 1990, women have made up more than half of the workforce3. the gap between male and female incomes has declined4. fewer women are staying home to raise their young children

A candidate for public office would likely conclude from a study of this graph that the public would favor increased government support for

1. additional foreign aid2. health care facilities3. child day-care centers4. colleges and universities



The trend in the graph was mainly the result of 1. increase in immigration2. demands for more schoolteachers3. a buildup of the defense industry4. new social attitudes


are needed to see this picture.Which statement is best supported by teh data in the table?1. women earn more in service jobs that in craft and repair jobs2. men can more easily find jobs that require little skill or education

3. more women are working as professionals than as laborers4. a discrepancy exists between the earnings of men and women in similar jobs

5. Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique

The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan was an influential book in the 1960s because it1. helped strengthen family values 2. led directly to the defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment3. energized a new women's rights movement

4. reinforced the importance of women's traditional roles

Uncle Tom's Cabin, The Jungle, and The Feminine Mystique are significant books because they all1. exposed corrupt government practices 2. led to federal legislation to protect the environment 3. led to the adoption of constitutional amendments4. influenced socioeconomic changes

The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan was an influential book in the 1960s because it

1. helped strengthen family values 2. led directly to the defeat of the Equal Rights Amendment3. energized a new women's rights movement

4. reinforced the importance of women's traditional roles

One way in which Harriet Beecher Stowe, Ida Tarbell, and Betty Friedan were similar is that each1. fought to protect the environment2. exposed problems in society through literature3. supported the Women's Christian Temperance Union4. attempted to end racial discrimination

Books such as Uncle Toms Cabin, How the Other Half Lives, and The Feminine Mystique all show that literature can sometimes

1. expose government corruption2. cause violent revolution3. begin military conflict4. encourage social reform

6. Equal Rights Amendment Proposal

The Equal Pay Act, the Title IX education amendment, and the proposed Equal Rights amendment (ERA) were primarily efforts to improve the status of

1. African Americans 3. migrant workers2. Native American Indians 4. women

7. Roe v. Wade (1973)

The Supreme Court decision in Roe v. Wade (1973) was based on the constitutional principle of

1. protection of property rights 3. right to privacy2. freedom of speech 4. freedom of religion

Constitutional amendments have been proposed to ban forced busing, forbid abortion, and prohibit burning the United States flag. These proposals indicate that

1. the Constitution is an inflexible document 2. amending the Constitution is a simple process3. some people disagree with certain Supreme Court decisions

4. American society has been unwilling to deal with complex social issues

http://barronsregents.com/img/US0197/US0197042.GIFThe cartoon most clearly implies that since its decision in Roe v. Wade the Supreme Court has

1. ignored public opinion on the issue 2. experienced serious conflict between female and male Justices over the issue3. refused to deal with the issue again

4. struggled to accommodate conflicting viewpoints on the issue



The cartoon makes the point that decisions of the Supreme Court1. sometimes do not resolve controversial issues2. are usually accepted by both sides in a controversy3. avoid dealing with controversial issues4. ignore public opinion

F. Vietnam War

1. Tonkin Gulf Resolution

Resolved..., that the Congress approves and supports the determination of the President, as Commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repeal any armed attack against the forces of the United States..." -Gulf of Tonkin Resolution.

This congressional resolution provided justification for1. William Howard Taft's Dollar Diplomacy 2. Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points3. Lyndon Johnson's involvement in Vietnam

4. Ronald Reagan's invasion of Grenada

"The Congress approves and supports the determination of the President, as Commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression."

—Tonkin Gulf Resolution, August 7, 1964.The passage of this resolution led to

1. the building of the Berlin Wall 2. settlement of the Cuban missile crisis3. increased United States involvement in the Vietnam War

4. the seizure of American hostages by Iran

Several United States Presidents committed military troops to serve in Vietnam in an effort to1. react to violations of United States neutrality 2. support the policy of containment 3. oppose the Chinese occupation of Indochina 4. protect United States economic interests in East Asia

One reason the United States became involved in the Vietnam War was to1. prevent the spread of communism in Indochina 2. reduce French influence in Vietnam3. stop China from seizing Vietnam

4. support the government of North Vietnam



Which development is most closely associated with the belief in the domino theory?1. military involvement in Vietnam 3. signing of the nuclear test ban treaty2. construction of the Berlin Wall 4. end of the Korean War

"Eisenhower Sends U.S. Troops to Protect Lebanon""Kennedy Places Quarantine on Shipment of Soviet Missiles to Cuba""Johnson Increases U.S. Troop Strength in Vietnam by 125,000"

Which statement about the Cold War is illustrated by these headlines?1. Rivalries between the superpowers often involved conflicts in other nations. 2. United States military support was most often deployed in Europe. 3. Communist forces were frequently victorious in Asia.

4. Summit talks frequently succeeded in limiting international tensions.

Which conclusion can best be drawn from the United States involvement in the Korean War and the Vietnam War?

1. The Cold War extended beyond direct conflict with the Soviet Union. 2. Popular wars have assured the reelection of incumbent presidents.3. War is the best way to support developing nations.

4. The threat of nuclear war is necessary to settle a military conflict.

The domino theory was used to justify United States involvement in the1. War on Poverty 3. Bosnian crisis2. Berlin airlift 4. Vietnam War

From the end of World War II until the 1980's, the Untied States carried out its foreign policy mainly by

1. giving in to foreign demands2. avoiding any situation that might involve the nation in a conflict3. acting forcefully to obtain and control colonies4. taking a variety of actions to prevent the spread of communism

In the 1950's, the domino theory was used by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to justify1. sending federal troops into Little Rock, Arkansas2. United States involvement in Vietnam3. joining the United Nations4. opposing Britain and France in the Suez Canal crisis

The power of the Presidency has increased in the 20th century mainly because1. Congress has granted much of its authority to the President2. events have often required the personal diplomacy and leadership of the Presdent3. Constitutional amendments have increased the power of the executive branch4. Supreme Court rulings have enhanced Presidential authority

United States involvement in the Vietnam War was based in part on a desire to1. prevent renewed Japanese expansionism in the Pacific2. assure access to an adequate supply of oil from the Middle East3. contain communism in Southeast Asia4. protect American business interests in China

Which heading best completes the partial outline below?I. _______________________

A. BerlinB. GermanyC. KoreaD. Vietnam

1. Areas Divided as the Result of Wars2. Major Allies of the United States3. Original Signers of the League of Nations Charters

4. Neutral Nations During World War II

2. Anti-War Protest Movement

The Berkeley demonstrations, riots at the 1968 Democratic National Convention, and the Kent State protest all reflect student disapproval of

1. the Vietnam War 3. the unequal status of American women2. increases in college tuition 4. racial segregation

Protests against United States involvement in Vietnam grew in the late 1960's and early 1970's mainly because many Americans

1. believed that the war was unjust 2. objected to the drafting of college students3. feared nuclear war with the Soviet Union

4. opposed participation in conflicts involving the United Nations

Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0100/US0100044.GIFThe cartoon reflects conflicting opinions held during the United States involvement in

1. the Spanish-American War 3. the Vietnam War2. World War I 4. the Persian Gulf War

The United States experience in the Vietnam War supports the idea that the outcome of a war1. is determined mainly by technological superiority 2. is dependent on using the greatest number of soldiers3. is assured to countries dedicated to democratic ideals

4. can be strongly affected by public opinion

Most Americans who opposed sending United States troops to fight in the Vietnam War believed that1. nuclear weapons should be used to end the war2. the war should be extended into China3. the United States should not police the world4. international trade would be interrupted

Which conclusion can be drawn from a study of the Vietnam War?1. the policy of containment was successful2. Foreign policy can be altered by public opinion3. the power of the President is reduced during wartime4. Military superiority ensures military victory

Base your answer on excerpts from the song lyrics below and on your knowledge of social studies.Lyric A:. . . Father, fatherWe don't need to escalateYou see, war is not the answerFor only love can conquer hateYou know we've got to find a wayTo bring some lovin' here today. . .

--"What's Going On," Al Cleveland, Marvin Gaye, Renaldo Benson, 1971

Lyric B:Yeah, my blood's so madFeels like coagulatin'I'm sittin' here, just contemplatin'I can't twist the truthIt knows no regulationHand full of senators don't pass legislationAnd marches alone can't bring integrationWhen human respect is disintegratin'This whole crazy worldIs just too frustratin'. . .

--"Eve of Destruction," P.F Sloan, 1965Which conclusion is most clearly supported by an examination of these song lyrics?

1. In the 1960s and early 1970s, Americans shared common views on foreign policy. 2. Social conflict existed over war and civil rights in the 1960s and early 1970s.3. The music of the 1960s and early 1970s supported government policies.

4. Most songwriters of the 1960s and early 1970s used their music to advocate violent revolution.

3. Twenty-Sixth Amendment

Which topic has been the focus of four different amendments to the United States Constitution?1. voting rights2. term limits on federal officeholders3. the electoral college4. prohibition of alcoholic beverages

The change to the direct election of senators, the lowering of the voting age to eighteen, and the establishment of a two-term limit for presidents are all examples of the use of

1. judicial review2. checks and balances3. executive privilege4. the amendement process

The ratification of the 26th amendment, which lowered the voting age to 18, was a result of the 1. participation of the United States in the Vietnam War2. fear of McCarthyism3. reaction to the launching of Sputnik by the Soviet Union4. reporting of the Watergate scandal

"I believe that our young people [18-20 years old] possess a great social conscience, are perplexed by the injustices which exist in the world and are anxious to rectify [correct] these ills."

- Senator Jennings Randolph, 1971

Those who favor this point of view would likely have supported

1. a constitutional amendment extending voting rights2. a presidential decision to raise speed limits3. a Supreme Court ruling to reverse desegregation4. a law passed by Congress to increase Social Security

4. War Powers Act of 1973

A constitutional issue that was frequently raised about United States involvement in the Korean conflict and the Vietnam conflict was the

1. right to regulate commerce with foreign nations 2. use of deficit spending to finance wars3. lack of a formal declaration of war by Congress

4. Supreme Court's role in foreign policy decision making

The main purpose of the War Powers Act of 1973 was to1. expand the power of Congress to declare war 2. limit the president's ability to send troops into combat abroad 3. allow people to vote on the issue of United States commitments overseas4. end the Vietnam War on favorable terms

The primary purpose of the War Powers Act (1973) is to1. limit presidential power to send troops into combat 2. allow for a quicker response to a military attack 3. assure adequate defense of the Western Hemisphere4. stop the use of troops for nonmilitary purposes

An effect of the War Powers Act of 1973 was that1. the authority of the president as commander in chief was limited 2. the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) became more involved in world conflicts3. congressional approval was not needed when appropriating funds for the military

4. women were prevented from serving in combat roles during wartime

http://barronsregents.com/img/US0197/US0197040.GIFWhich action was taken in response to the problem identified in the cartoon?

1. The Supreme Court ruled that the federal government could not prevent publication of the Pentagon Papers 2. Term limits were placed on the President by the ratification of the 22nd Amendment 3. Congress passed the War Powers Act4. The President was forced to resign as a result of the Vietnam War

The War Powers Act of 1973 was passed by Congress as a response to the1. spread of nuclear weapons during the Cold War 2. invasion of Kuwait by Iraq 3. threat of communism in the Middle East4. United States involvement in the Vietnam War

Which action would most likely result in the greatest increase in the power of the executive branch?1. abolishing the electoral college

2. borrowing money from the World Bank3. broadening the President's wartime authority4. lowering the age at which a person can be elected President

The war in Vietnam led Congress to pass the War Powers Act of 1973 in order to 1. affirm United States support for the United Nations2. strengthen the policy of detente3. increase United States participation in international peacekeeping organizations4. assert the role of Congress in the committment of troops overseas

The War Powers Act was passed at the end of the Vietnam War to limit the president's power to1. draft citizens in peacetime2. send troops into military combat3. negotiate peace treaties4. ask Congress to declare war

The intent of the War Powers Act of 1973 is to limit the President's power to1. send troops to rescue Americans held captive by terrorists in a foreign nation2. use troops to defend against an armed attack on the United States3. send troops to suppress a riot in an American city4. commit troops to major military operations in a foreign nation

5. Legacy of the Vietnam War

"Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty."—President John F. Kennedy, 1961.

"Clearly there are limits to what outside forces can do to solve the severe internal problems of countries."—President Bill Clinton, 1993.

The best explanation for the difference between these two statements is that the United States has1. reduced its support for the United Nations 2. rejected the principle of collective security 3. abandoned the policy of terrorism4. been influenced by its experiences in the Vietnam War

Which situation was a result of the Vietnam War?1. South Vietnam was able to maintain its noncommunist status. 2. The United States questioned its role as a police officer of the world.3. Richard Nixon was forced to resign the presidency.

4. The War Powers Act was repealed by Congress.

A major long-term effect of the Vietnam War has been1. an end to communist governments in Asia 2. a change in United States foreign policy from containment to imperialism

3. a reluctance to commit United States troops for extended military action aboard4. a continued boycott of trade with Asia

X. 1968-1999

A. Presidency of Richard M. Nixon

1. Détente (SALT I Treaty and GRAIN)

Which presidential action best represents the policy of détente?1. John F. Kennedy's order for the Bay of Pigs invasion against Cuba 2. Lyndon B. Johnson's escalation of the Vietnam War3. Richard Nixon's Strategic Arms Limitations Talks (SALT) with the Soviet Union

4. George Bush's military action to remove Iraqi forces from Kuwait

The Washington Naval Conference of 1921-22 and the SALT talks of the 1970's between the United States and the Soviet Union both reflect the belief that

1. civil wars within nations can create international hostilities 2. escalating military buildups are one of the causes of war3. cultural exchange programs can reduce world tensions

4. rivalry between nations over the control of natural resources is the major cause of conflict

Base your answer on the accompanying cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0809/US0809041.GIFWhich United States foreign policy decision most clearly reflects the relationship shown in the cartoon?

1. issuance of the Eisenhower Doctrine 3. support of Israel in the Six Day War2. quarantine of Cuba 4. negotiation of the Strategic Arms Limitation

Treaty (SALT)

The main goal of President Richard Nixon's foreign policy of détente was to1. assure American victory in Vietnam 2. resolve conflicts in the Middle East3. abolish the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

4. improve relations with the Soviet Union

President Richard Nixon's policy of détente is best characterized by his1. decision to dismantle the nuclear weapons arsenal of the United States 2. attempt to reduce tensions with the Soviet Union 3. order to bomb Cambodia4. support for membership in the United Nations for communist countries

President Richard Nixon supported the policy of détente as a way to1. reduce tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union 2. introduce democratic elections to communist nations3. encourage satellite nations to break their ties with the Soviet Union

4. undermine Soviet influence among nonaligned countries in Africa and Asia

The easing of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union during the 1970s was called

1. containment2. detente3. neutrality4. isolationism

The policy of detente was used by President Richard Nixon in an effort to1. decrease tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States2. improve relations with Latin America3. promote democratic government in China4. create stronger ties with Western Europe

President Richard Nixon's visit to the People's Republic of China in 1972 was significant because it1. convinced the Chinese to abandon communism2. brought about the unification of Taiwan and Communist China3. reduced tensions between the United States and Communist China4. decreased United States dependence on Chinese exports

"I think it will be a safer world and a better world if we have a strong, healthy United States, Europe, Soviet Union, China, Japan, each balancing the other, not playing one against the other, an even balance."

- Richard Nixon, 1972

President Nixon put this idea into practice by1. expanding economic relations with communist nations2. abandoning his policy of detente3. declaring an end to the Korean War4. ending collective security agreements

2. New York Times Co. v. United States (1971)

The case of John Peter Zenger (1735) and New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) both involved a government's attempt to limit

1. freedom of religion 3. the right to bear arms2. freedom of the press 4. the right to counsel

The Supreme Court decisions in New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) and United States v. Nixon (1974) reinforced the principle that the president of the United States

1. has unlimited use of the veto power 3. may not be convicted of a crime2. is protected from unfair media criticism 4. is not above the law

Court decisions in the trial of John Peter Zenger (1735) and the case of New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) strengthened

1. freedom of religion 3. due process rights2. freedom of the press 4. the right to counsel

3. Watergate Scandal

Base your answer on the accompanying cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0608/US0608041.GIFThe cartoon is most closely associated with the controversy over the

1. Watergate affair 3. Arab-Israeli conflict2. war on drugs 4. Iran hostage crisis

What was a lasting effect of the Watergate scandal under President Richard Nixon?1. The system of checks and balances was weakened. 2. The scope of executive privilege was broadened.3. Trust in elected officials was undermined.

4. Presidential responsiveness to public opinion was lessened.

One way in which the Watergate controversy, the Iran-Contra affair, and the Whitewater investigation are similar is that each led to

1. the addition of new amendments to the Constitution 2. the impeachment of a President 3. a loss of respect for government leaders by the American public4. convictions of several military leaders for sexual harassment

One way in which the Teapot Dome scandal, the Watergate affair, and the Iran-Contra affair are similar is that each of these political scandals resulted in

1. a loss of faith in elected government leaders 2. an attempt to abolish the electoral college3. a movement to impeach the president

4. an effort to regulate the banking industry

Base your answer on the cartoon shown and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0602/US0602043.GIFWhat is the main idea of this cartoon from the Watergate era?

1. The Supreme Court presides over a presidential impeachment trial. 2. Congress has to obey the Constitution.3. The president has the final word involving constitutional issues.

4. No person or group is above the law.

A major effect of the Watergate scandal of the 1970s was that it

1. led to the Arab oil embargo 3. resulted in term limits for elected officials2. reduced people's trust in government 4. increased presidential power

Credit Mobilier, Teapot Dome, and Watergate are all examples of 1. congressional attempts to limit Presidential power2. efforts that failed to regulate government spending3. scandals that damaged the reputations of various Presidents

4. foreign policies designed to contain the spread of communism

Which statement best describes an impact of the Watergate scandal on American society?1. the modern environmental movement began2. public trust in government declined3. voter turnout in elections increased4. an economic recession ended

What was a major result of the Watergate controversy?1. Presidential veto power was expanded2. The president resigned from office3. Congressional power was reduced4. The Supreme Court was weakened

The Supreme Court decisions in New York Times Co. v. United States (1971) and United States v. Nixon (1974) reinforced the principle that the president of the United States

1. has unlimited use of the veto power 3. may not be convicted of a crime2. is protected from unfair media criticism 4. is not above the law

"President Roosevelt Proposes Wide Range of New Deal Programs""Supreme Court Orders President Nixon to Release Watergate Tapes""Congress Calls Cabinet Member to Testify"

Which concept is best illustrated by these newspaper headlines1. federalism2. States rights3. the elastic clause4. separation of powers



The conflict that was the focus of the cartoon involved President Richard Nixon's attempt to1. increase the number of troops in Vietnam2. withhold evidence in the Watergate scandal3. impose mandatory wage and price controls4. improve relations with the People's Republic of China

The cartoon illustrates the constitutional principle of 1. federalism2. checks and balances3. representative government4. civilian control of the military

B. Presidency of Jimmy Carter

1. Energy Crisis

"Gasoline Prices Soar in 2008"

"U.S. Oil Consumption and Imports Continue to Rise""OPEC Votes to Reduce Oil Production"

Which conclusion is most clearly supported by these headlines?1. The United States exports more oil than it imports.2. Energy policies are not affected by domestic events.3. The demand for alternative energy sources is declining4. United States dependence on foreign oil is a major problem.

Which situation in the 1970s caused the United States to reconsider its dependence on foreign energy resources?

1. war in Afghanistan2. oil embargo by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)3. meetings with the Soviet Union to limit nuclear weapons4. free-trade agreements with Canada and Mexico

Which factor contributed most to inflation in the United States during the 1970s?1. high tariffs 3. tax increases2. oil embargoes 4. high unemployment

2. Camp David Accords

A major result of the Camp David accords was the1. establishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and Israel2. creation of permanent United States military bases in Latin America3. commitment of United States combat troops to Bosnia4. end of the Cold War in Europe

The Camp David Accords negotiated by President Jimmy Carter were important because they1. reduced tensions in the Middle East2. renewed diplomatic relations between the United States and China3. slowed the pace of the nuclear arms race4. provided for cooperation with the Soviet Union in the exploration of outer space

The Camp David accords negotiated during President Jimmy Carter's administration were an attempt to

1. decrease United States control of the Panama Canal2. encourage the use of solar and other nonpolluting energy sources3. end inflationary oil prices4. establish peace in the middle East

Which foreign policy agreement had the most direct influence on the Middle East?1. Kellogg-Briand Pact 3. SALT I Treaty2. Yalta Conference declaration 4. Camp David Accords

In the Camp David Accords (1978), President Jimmy Carter succeeded in1. returning the Panama Canal Zone to Panama2. suspending grain sales to the Soviet Union and China

3. providing a foundation for a peace treaty between Egypt and Israel4. freeing hostages being held in Iran

A major achievement of President Jimmy Carter was1. the worldwide acceptance of his human rights policy2. the balancing of the federal budget3. his handling of international terrorist incidents 4. the signing of the Camp David peace accords

One similarity between the presidencies of Woodrow Wilson and Jimmy Carter is that both leaders1. emphasized moral principles in foreign policy2. supported imperialism throughout the world3. rejected human rights initiatives in Congress4. sought to end the nuclear arms race

3. Environmentalism

One way in which some environmentalists want the United States Government to protect lakes and forests from acid rain is by

1. requiring factories to use coal rather than other forms of energy2. spraying lakes and forests with protective chemicals3. replacing nuclear energy with fossil fuels4. requiring industries to reduce their smoke-stack emissions



Data from the graphs support the conclusion that between 1960 and 19901. the government failed in its efforts at recycling2. the amount of waste that was recycled increased3. most people favor mandatory recycling efforts4. efforts to recycle waste decreased steadily

".... Our decision about energy will test the character of the American people and the ability of the President and the Congress to govern. This difficult effort will be the 'moral equivalent of war' - except that we will be uniting our efforts to build and not destroy...."

- President Jimmy Carter, Address to the Nation, April 18, 1977

President Carter put these ideas into practice by1. halting construction of nuclear power plants2. increasing imports of foreign oil3. urging the development of alternative fuel sources4. imposing a price freeze on all petroleum products

C. Presidencies of Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush

1. Supply-Side Economics

President Ronald Reagan's supply-side economic policy was successful in1. increasing government spending on social programs2. lowering tax rates on personal and business income3. reducing defense spending4. enforcing stricter environmental regulations

During the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan used the ideas of supply-side economics to justify1. increases in social welfare spending 3. tax cuts for businesses2. expansion of the Social Security program 4. reductions in military spending

According to the supply-side economics principles promoted by President Ronald Reagan, economic growth would occur when

1. corporate business taxes were reduced2. business was regulated by antitrust legislation3. unemployment benefits were increased4. investment in capital goods was decreased

The "trickle down" economic theory of President Herbert Hoover and the "supply side" economic policies under President Ronald Reagan were based on the idea that

1. balanced budgets are essential to economic success2. the Federal Government needs to assume more responsibility for solving economic problems3. economic growth depends on making increased amounts of capital available to business4. economic stability is the responsibility of Federal monetary agencies

A major goal of the Republican Party since the 1980's has been to1. increase welfare benefits2. increase the size of the federal workforce3. reduce defense spending4. cut federal taxes

A major policy of President Ronald Reagan's administration was to1. reduce defense spending2. lower federal income tax rates3. end desegregation of public facilities4. promote regulation of small businesses



This 1991 cartoon is criticizing President George H.W. Bush for1. refusing to support the United Nations2. involving the United States in foreign wars3. using foreign affairs to hide domestic failures4. ignoring the economic needs of developing nations

"In this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problems... It is my intention to curb the size and influence of the Federal establishment and to demand recognition of the distinction between powers granted to the Federal Government and those reserved to the States or to the people. All of us need to be reminded that the Federal Government did not create the States; the States created the Federal Government."

- President Ronald Reagan, First Inaugural Address, Jan. 20, 1981

Which action did the Reagan administration take based on the belief expressed in these statements?1. it increased government spending on social programs2. it reduced defense spending3. it increased corporate and personal income taxes4. it reduced government regulation of business

2. Public Schools and the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court decisions in New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985) and Vernonia School District v. Acton (1995) show that

1. a student's right to privacy is limited under certain conditions2. prayer in public schools must be limited3. racially segregated schools are unconstitutional4. a student has no guaranteed rights while in school

In the Supreme Court cases New Jersey v. T.L.O. and Tinker v. Des Moines School District, the Court ruled that

1. individual student rights are more important than a safe school environment2. students can be expelled from school without a hearing3. civil liberties can be both protected and limited in schools4. the Bill of Rights does not apply to minors

Which category most accurately completes the heading for the partial outline below?

I. Supreme Court Cases that Deal With____________________________A. Engel v. Vitale (1962)B. Tinker v. Des Moines School District (1969)C. New Jersey v. T.L.O. (1985)D. Vernonia School District v. Acton (1995)

1. Right to Counsel 3. School Integration2. Student Rights 4. Federal Funding of Education

The Supreme Court cases of Tinker v. Des Moines and New Jersey v. TLO involved the issue of1. freedom of the press 3. the rights of students in school2. freedom of religion 4. the rights of prison inmates

The constitutional basis for the separation of church and state is the1. establishment clause of the 1rst amendment2. double jeopardy provision of the 5th amendment3. reserved powers of the 10th amendment4. equal protection clause of the 14th amendment

The decisions of the United States Supreme Court in Tinker V. Des Moines and New York Times Co. v. United States were based on interpretations of the

1. meaning of a republican form of government2. powers delegated specifically to Congress3. president's rights to executive privilege4. rights guaranteed by the 1rst amendment



What is the main idea of the cartoon?1. Different branches of the Federal Government have disagreed about important constitutional issues2. the wishes of the President should not have been opposed by the United States Supreme Court3. The Federal Government operates without any real checks and balances4. Issues related to church-state relationships no longer create controversy in the United States

3. Texas v. Johnson

The Supreme Court has ruled that burning the United States flag is a form of protest protected by the first amendment. Which action would be necessary to overturn this ruling?

1. issue of an Executive order by the President2. passage of a law by Congress3. ratification of an amendment to the Constitution 4. adoption of a formal resolution by each state's legislature

4. Iran-Contra Affair


1. the addition of new amendments to the Constitution2. the impeachment of a President3. a loss of respect for government leaders by the American public 4. convictions of several military leaders for sexual harassment

One way in which the Teapot Dome scandal, the Watergate affair, and the Iran-Contra affair are similar is that each of these political scandals resulted in

1. a loss of faith in elected government leaders2. an attempt to abolish the electoral college3. a movement to impeach the president4. an effort to regulate the banking industry

5. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990

One recent accomplishment in the struggle for equal rights for all Americans has been the1. prohibition of discrimination against Americans with disabilities2. passage of "English-only" laws in the workplace by many states3. guarantee of the right to vote for all women 4. establishment of drug and alcohol testing by employers

The passage of the Medicare Act of 1965 and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 shows that1. health care is no longer a political issue2. New Deal principles continue to have a significant influence on later legislation3. government programs have been successful in correcting discrimination4. Federal policies continue to emphasize individual responsibility for health and welfare

The Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Fair Housing Act, and the Americans with Disabilities Act were government efforts to

1. eliminate restrictions on immigration 3. provide federal aid for children2. end discrimination against various groups 4. require equal treatment of men and

women

A major purpose of the Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) is to1. eliminate physical barriers for persons with disabilities2. create separate but equal facilities for all persons3. encourage political participation by persons with disabilities4. decrease government welfare payments for persons with disabilities

A major reason that most newer buildings are accessible to people with disabilities is that1. the number of people with disabilities has dramatically increased in the last decade2. a building that is accessible to people with disabilities is less expensive to build3. people with disabilities no longer face discrimination in American society4. legislation has been passed that recognizes the rights of people with disabilities

6. Collapse of the Soviet Union

Which event is most closely associated with the end of the Cold War?1. passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)2. establishment of a policy of détente with the Soviet Union3. invasion of Afghanistan by the Soviet Union4. fall of the Berlin Wall

Since the end of the Cold War, the most persistent problem facing United States foreign policy has been

1. using higher tariffs to protect United States markets2. dealing with the conflicts in other nations and regions3. supporting command economies in Western Europe4. increasing the preparedness of the Armed Forces

Which event led directly to the end of the cold war?1. reunification of Germany2. formation of the European Union3. breakup of the Soviet Union4. creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

The beginning of the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe is most closely associated with the

1. fall of the Berlin Wall2. admission of Warsaw Pact nations to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)3. intervention of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in Yugoslavia4. formation of the European Union

Base your answer to the following question on the cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/USMTMT/USMTMT039.GIFAccording to the cartoon, what was a major contributing factor that led to the collapse of communism in eastern Europe in the early 1990s?

1. overpopulation 3. democratic elections2. military force 4. high tax rates



The changes shown on the chart most clearly reflect the1. effects of the Cold War2. influence of the business cycle3. failure of United States military policy4. reverse in political party control of Congress

"Gorbachev Proposes Nuclear Arms Reductions""Berliners Travel Freely Between East and West""Russia Seeks to Join NATO"These headlines are most closely associated with the

1. military arms race2. decline of Cold War hostilities3. failures of containment policy4. successes of comunism in the Soviet Union

7. Russian Federation

Since the Russian people rejected communism in the early 1990s, the United States has provided support to the new nation by

1. creating a military alliance with Russia2. destroying most United States nuclear weapons3. opposing the independence of the other Russian republics

4. giving foreign aid to Russia in the form of low-interest loans

8. Persian Gulf War

In 1991, one of the reasons President George H. W. Bush committed United States troops to the Persian Gulf War was to

1. maintain the flow of trade through the Suez Canal2. fulfill military obligations as a member of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)3. contain the spread of communism in the Middle East4. assure the flow of Middle East oil to the United States and its allies

One direct result of the Persian Gulf War was that the United States1. gained control of oil resources in the Middle East2. liberated Kuwait from Iraqi control3. brought about peaceful relations between Israel and its neighbors4. obtained overseas colonies in the Middle East

One way in which the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and the Persian Gulf War are similar is that in all three wars

1. the goal was to defeat the Soviet Union2. the United States was primarily interested in protecting oil supplies3. the United States was fighting without allies4. no formal declaration of war was made by Congress

The Camp David Accords and the Persian Gulf War both show the desire of the United States to1. create stability in the Middle East2. expand trade with Asian nations3. maintain friendly relations with Europe4. provide economic stability in Latin America

One similarity between the Korean War and the Persian Gulf War is that in each conflict the1. United States attempted to limit traffic through the Suez Canal2. sentiment of the American public turned against the conflict3. United Nations took action to halt the aggression4. dictators of North Korea and Iraq were removed from office



The controversy shown in the cartoon occurred when President George Bush 1. sided with Iraq against Iran2. increased foreign aid to Iraq3. sent United States troops to defend Kuwait4. was threatened with impeachment by Congress

The main idea expressed by the cartoonist is that1. discipline has broken down in the United States military2. a majority of the people must support the conflict before the United States enters a war3. the Presidents use of military power may depend on Congressional cooperation4. Congress often opposes Presidential proposals for increased military spending

D. Presidency of William Jefferson Clinton

1. Third Parties

Traditionally, third parties have had the greatest impact on American politics by1. requiring additional Presidential primaries 2. reducing the costs of Presidential campaigns 3. supporting issues often ignored by the major parties 4. endorsing candidates of the major parties

What has been the greatest success of third parties in United States political history?1. winning Presidential elections2. having their ideas adopted by major parties3. securing appointments to the President's Cabinet4. replacing one of the two major parties



Information provided by the graph shows that between 1988 and 1993, there was an increased need for candidates of major political parties to win the support of

1. ethnic minorities2. senior citizens3. independent voters4. the labor vote

Base your answer to on the accompanying graph and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0608/US0608044.GIFData from this graph support the conclusion that between 1992 and 2000

1. the Democrats lost more votes to third-party candidates than the Republicans did 3. less than 50 percent of eligible voters participated in elections2. third-party candidates received less support in each succeeding presidential election 4. the Republicans received more than 40 million votes in each election

2. Election of 1992


are needed to see this picture.Which generalization is supported by the information provided by the graphs?

1. the electoral vote often fails to reflect the popular vote2. the House of Representatives settles Presidential elections in which third-party candidates participate3. the electoral college system weakens the two-party system4. electoral college members often vote against their party's candidates

"Johnson Decides Not to Run""Nixon Resigns Presidency""Bush Defeated by Clinton"

Based on these headlines, a valid conclusion about the Presidency since the 1960's is that1. incumbent Presidents are guaranteed success in the next election2. Vice Presidents seldom become President3. the people hold a President accountable for his performace4. Presidential power has become nearly unlimited

3. Intervention in Somalia, Haiti, Bosnia, and Kosovo

President Bill Clinton's decision to send troops to Bosnia in 1995 and to participate in the bombing of Kosovo in 1999 were both in response to international concern over

1. trade agreement violations 3. human rights violations2. access to world oil reserves 4. monetary policies

The main reason that the United States sent troops to Bosnia in 1995 was to try to1. bring a peaceful end to a civil war 3. take over the area as a protectorate2. contain the spread of communism 4. resettle refugees in North America

The main reason that United States troops were sent to Bosnia in the mid-1990's was to1. guarantee the safety of American citizens living in the area 2. protect American investments in the Balkans 3. assure the continual production of critical natural resources 4. help bring about political stability in the area

The United States intervened in Haiti and Bosnia during the 1990's to1. gain access to new markets2. acquire colonies for an economic empire

3. stop conflicts within those nations4. disrupt international drug trafficking

The main reason President Bill Clinton sent United States military forces into Haiti and Bosnia was to1. remove communist threats in these nations2. stop illegal immigration to the United States from these nations3. help secure peace in these nations4. establish permanent military bases in these nations

Since the end of the Cold War, the most persistent problem facing United States foreign policy has been

1. using higher tariffs to protect United States markets2. dealing with the conflicts in other nations and regions3. supporting command economies in Western Europe4. increasing the preparedness of the Armed Forces

"Clinton Offers Economic Aid to Russia""U.S. Sends Peacekepping Troops to Bosnia""U.S. Airlifts Food and Medicine to Somalia"

These headlines illustrate that United States foreign policy during the 1990's stressed1. containment2. collective security3. global involvement4. neutrality


are needed to see this picture.Which situation faced by President Bill Clinton is expressed in the cartoon?

1. impeachment hampered his ability to carry out programs2. international problems interfered with domestic policy goals

3. health care costs took away funds needed for peacekeeping commitments4. budget deficits prevented military action in world trouble spots

"Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty."—President John F. Kennedy, 1961.

"Clearly there are limits to what outside forces can do to solve the severe internal problems of countries."—President Bill Clinton, 1993.

The best explanation for the difference between these two statements is that the United States has1. reduced its support for the United Nations 2. rejected the principle of collective security 3. abandoned the policy of terrorism4. been influenced by its experiences in the Vietnam War

4. Line-Item Veto

A major argument against granting the President the line-item veto was that it1. violated the principle of checks and balances 3. encouraged Congress to be wasteful2. reduced "pork barrel" spending 4. prevented balanced budgets

5. Whitewater Investigation


1. the addition of new amendments to the Constitution 2. the impeachment of a President3. a loss of respect for government leaders by the American public4. convictions of several military leaders for sexual harassment



What is the main idea of this cartoon about President Bill Clinton?1. positive economic conditions helped maintain his high approval ratings2. voter approval of the president declined due to flaws in his character3. he did not deserve credit fro the economic prosperity of the nation4. the American public considered personal character the most important trait of a president in the 1990s

6. Election of 1996



This cartoon concerning the 1996 Presidential election supports the generalization that1. major political parties try to be successful by avoiding extreme positions on issues2. political opponents try to conform to each other's platforms to show patriotism3. President candidates usually present clear and distinct positions on the issues4. the views of political candidates tend to be rigid and unchanging



The point of view expressed in this cartoon is that1. President and Mrs. Clinton have made Chicago their new home2. President Clinton supports adoption over abortion3. Republican issues should not be part of the Democratic National Convention4. Democrats sometimes support traditionally Republican issues



Which proposal has most commonly been made to deal with the situation shown in the table?1. prohibiting third-party candidates from Presidential elections2. allowing the direct popular election of the President3. requiring electors to campaign for the candidate of their choice4. counting only the popular vote of the top two candidates

Which conclusion can best be drawn from the information in the table?1. incumbent Presidents usually win reelection

2. Third-party candidates threaten the electoral process3. a candidate can be elected President with less than half the popular vote4. candidates are more interested in winning the popular vote than in winning the electoral vote

7. Impeachment Trial of William Jefferson Clinton

Which statement about the impeachment trials of both President Andrew Johnson and President Bill Clinton is most accurate?

1. the House of Representatives failed to vote for articles of impeachment2. only President Johnson was convicted and removed from office3. only President Clinton was convicted and removed from office4. the Senate failed to convict either president

One similarity shared by President Andrew Johnson and President Bill Clinton is that both1. served only term as president2. were impeached but not convicted3. had no vice president4. came to office after the death of a president

E. Economy of the United States

1. United States Economy

Statistics such as the gross domestic product, consumer price index, and unemployment rate are used to measure the

1. condition of the economy2. amount of the federal budget deficit3. balance of international trade4. productivity of industry

How does the present-day United States economy differ from the nation's economy of 1900?1. immigrants are no longer a source of labor2. today's government plays a less active role in the economy3. the United States is less dependent on oil imports4. the growth of service industries is greater today

Since 1980, most new jobs in the United States have been in1. education2. heavy industry3. service industries4. civil service


are needed to see this picture.What is the main idea of this cartoon?

1. the global economy is on the verge of collapse2. rich nations should help poor nations improve their economic conditions3. one nation's economic problems affect many other nations4. each nation controls its own economic destiny



The main idea of this cartoon is that1. economic considerations dictate United States foreign policy

2. a free-trade policy is largely responsible for the success of the American economy3. a President can benefit from a strong national economy4. the United States no longer has a trade deficit

2. North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

Evidence that the United States has become more economically interdependent since 1990 is shown by its

1. participation in the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 2. change from a service economy to a manufacturing economy3. increased dependence on domestic farm products4. policy of restricting imports

Support for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) reflected the United States commitment to

1. globalization 3. collective security2. Manifest Destiny 4. isolationism

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) have encouraged countries to

1. participate in the global economy 2. create a uniform international currency 3. accept similar wage and price controls4. regulate multinational corporations

n the United States, support for the passage and expansion of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has been strongest among

1. labor unions 3. big business2. environmentalists 4. farmers

President Bill Clinton supported the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) primarily as aw ay to

1. normalize trade relations with Cuba2. stimulate economic growth in the United States3. restrict the flow of drugs into the United States4. increase the United States trade deficit



What is the main idea of this cartoon?1. shortages of consumer goods have become a serious problem in the United States2. the economies of the United States and Russia are similar3. economic recession leads to a severe decline in trade4. imported products make up a significant part of the American economy

3. Cuban Trade Embargo

The United States began a trade embargo against Cuba in the 1960s to1. encourage political change in Cuba2. promote domestic industries in Cuba3. motivate Cubans to immigrate to the United States4. end domination of the banana industry by Cuba



The main point of this cartoon is that Fidel Castro has1. tried to spread communism to the United States2. frustrated many Presidential administrations3. allowed many Cuban refugees to come to the United States4. failed to influence United States foreign policy



The cartoonist is expressing the opinion that1. the United States should place tariffs on goods from communist nations2. most Americans favor trading with both China and Cuba

3. American foreign trade policies are sometimes inconsistent4. democratic nations should receive preferential trade agreements

What is the explanation for the situation shown in the cartoon?1. strong anti-Castro sentiment existed in Congress2. China had met all United States human rights demands3. Castro refused to allow Cuba to trade with the United States4. the United States was dependent on food imports from China

4. Trade Imbalance with China and Japan

During the 1990s, which issue has led to the greatest tension between the United States and Japan?1. immigration quotas 3. trade policies2. use of natural resources 4. military preparedness

In the late 1990's, congressional opposition to granting a more favorable trade status to China was based primarily on China's

1. persecution of Hong Kong residents 3. history of unstable governments2. high-priced exports 4. disregard for human rights

"President Nixon Plans Trip to China to Meet with Chairman Mao""President Carter Signs New Panama Canal Treaty""President Clinton Concludes Trade Agreement with Japan"

Each headline illustrates an action of a President fulfilling his role as1. head of his political party2. Commander in Chief3. chief diplomat4. chief legislator


are needed to see this picture.The cartoonist is trying to encourage American consumers to consider that1. the United States buys more from Japan than Japan buys from the United States

2. cars produced in the United States are often inferior to foreign-made automobiles3. single purchases of automobiles do not have an impact on calculating foreign trade imbalances4. automobile dealerships in the United States should offer more incentive for purchasing American-made cars

5. Consolidation and Downsizing of America

The loss of jobs in manufacturing industries has been caused by the introduction of1. radio and television2. automobiles and airplanes3. automation and computers4. improved medicine and space travel



According to the cartoon, how was the United States in the 1990s similar to the United States in teh 1890s?

1. little need existed for government regulation2. investment in the stock market decreased3. the price of petroleum products decreased4. business consolidation was an accepted practice



The main idea of this cartoon is that businesses in the United States have1. generated a great quantity of solid waste2. eliminated the jobs of many workers through downsizing3. solved most environmental problems4. improved workers' lives as well as the quality of products



What is the main idea of this 1997 cartoon?1. investors believe the stock market may crash in the near future2. illegal aliens are trying to come to the United States in record numbers3. workers still suffer from dangerous conditions on the job4. workers are being laid off to keep corporate profits high



What is the main idea of the cartoon?1. airline technology has resulted in more efficient service2. reduced competition in the airline industry has hurt the consumer3. a growing economy has led to the start-up of new airlines4. an increase in the number of airlines has led to computer malfunctions

6. Federal Debt

A primary reason for the increase in federal debt between 1980 and 1996 was 1. the cost of sending United States troops to Bosnia 2. instability of the stock market3. lower sales tax revenues collected by state governments4. high levels of spending by the federal government



Which practice of the federal government has contributed most to the situation shown in the table?1. taking steps to reduce growth of the gross domestic product2. raising taxes to try to reduce inflation3. spending more money than is received in revenues4. lowering taxes during election years

XI. 21st Century

A. Presidency of George Walker Bush

1. Election of 2000

The disputed elections of 1876 and 2000 were similar because in both contests the1. winner was chosen by a special electoral commission 2. states were required to hold a second election3. winner of the popular vote did not become president

4. election had to be decided in the House of Representatives

The dispute over counting Florida voter ballots in the presidential election of 2000 was settled by1. an order of the governor of Florida 3. a vote of the United States Senate2. an agreement between the candidates 4. a United States Supreme Court decision

How were the presidential elections of 1876 and 2000 similar?1. the winner of the popular vote lost the electoral vote2. third-party candidates did not affect the outcome3. the outcome of the election was decided by Congress4. the winner was decided by the Supreme Court



This cartoon from the disputed presidential election of 2000 suggests that the winner might1. lack strong popular support for his programs2. easily win reelection in 20043. succeed in fulfilling his campaign promises4. be unable to claim victory in the electoral college



Which criticism of the electoral college system is illustrated by the information in the table?1. Presidential electors frequently do not vote for the person they were pledged to support2. a person can win the presidency without winning the most popular votes3. the vote of the people in each state has little relationship to the election outcome4. minor-party candidates often receive too many electoral votes

Which change is most often proposed to correct the problem shown by the table?1. adopt a constitutional amendment to elect the president by popular vote2. pass a law requiring state electors to vote for the candidate with the most popular votes3. place limits on the number of political parties allowed in presidential elections4. allow elected members of Congress to select the president

In the 2000 presidential election, which aspect of the electoral college system caused the most controversy?

1. a state can divide its electoral votes among different candidates2. states with few electoral votes have no influence on election outcomes3. the selection of electors varies among states4. the winner of the popular vote might not get the majority of the electoral vote

2. Census

What was a direct result of the census of 2000?1. Personal income tax rates were changed. 2. New United States District Courts were created3. Seats in the House of Representatives were reapportioned.

4. The number of United States Senators was increased.

Population data from the census of 2000 was used to determine the number of1. states in the Union 3. electoral college votes from each state2. senators from each state 4. Supreme Court justices

3. Economic Policies of President George W. Bush

The economic policies of President Ronal Reagan (1981-1989) and President George W. Bush (2001-2009) are similar in that both

1. balanced the federal budget2. expanded welfare programs to end poverty3. used tax cuts to encourage economic growth4. decreased military spending

4. Patriot Act



Which issue is the central focus of this cartoon drawn after September 11, 2001?1. is there a need to give up some civil liberties to protect the nation?2. should the United States reduce oil imports from the Middle East?3. does the United States need fewer limits on immigration?4. should the United States abandon the Constitution?

5. Operation Iraqi Freedom

* Announcement of Eisenhower Doctrine (1957)* Operation Desert Storm (1991)

* Operation Iraqi Freedom (2003-present)

These events involve attempts by the United States to1. protect human rights in Europe 3. deliver humanitarian aid to Africa2. protect its interests in the Middle East 4. contain the spread of communism in Asia

B. Electoral Reform

1. Congressional Term Limits

Which action would be necessary to place a legal limit on the number of terms served by members of Congress?

1. an amendment to the Federal Constitution2. a United States Supreme Court ruling3. an agreement between political parties4. a Presidential order



What is the main idea of the cartoon?1. experienced officeholders more effectively represent the people's wishes than newly elected officeholders do2. members of Congress are not making sincere efforts to curb their tenure in office3. the average voter does not support the idea of term limits4. campaign platforms accurately reflect the views of Members of Congress

2. Electoral College System

To revise the electoral college process for selecting the President, changes must be made in the

1. Cabinet system 3. system of primary elections2. qualifications for voters 4. federal Constitution

To win a presidential election, a candidate must win a1. two-thirds vote of the state legislatures 3. majority of the popular vote2. two-thirds vote in Congress 4. majority of the electoral college vote

A major criticism of the electoral college is that it1. limits the influence of the two-party political system 2. allows a president to be elected without a majority of the popular vote3. forces each political candidate to campaign in every state

4. makes the federal election process too expensive

Base your answer on the accompanying table and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0805/US0805046.GIFWhich criticism of the electoral college system is illustrated by the information in the table?

1. Presidential electors frequently do not vote for the person they were pledged to support. 2. A person can win the presidency without winning the most popular votes.3. The vote of the people in each state has little relationship to the election outcome.

4. Minor-party candidates often receive too many electoral votes.

Which statement best explains why critics have called for a change in the electoral college system?1. A person who did not receive the largest percentage of the popular votes can be elected President. 2. The system is a threat to the two-party system.3. Electors often vote for candidates not listed on the ballot.

4. States with small populations have greater influence on Presidential elections than more populated states do.

"Presidential Candidates Skip Campaigning in Low-Population States""Winner of Popular Vote Loses Election"

These headlines refer to controversial issues most directly related to1. judicial review 3. impeachment2. the electoral college 4. checks and balances

A major criticism of the electoral college system has been that1. party loyalty is weakened after a presidential election 2. electors frequently fail to vote for a candidate3. members of the electoral college are appointed for life terms

4. a president may be elected without receiving the majority of the popular vote

http://barronsregents.com/img/US0198/US0198007.GIFWhat is the main idea of the cartoon?

1. The electoral college has more value now than it did in the past. 2. Only the Congress should have the power to elect a President. 3. The electoral college decreases the value of a citizen's vote.4. Free elections in the United States have almost disappeared.

Population data from the census of 2000 was used to determine the number of1. states in the Union 3. electoral college votes from each state2. senators from each state 4. Supreme Court justices

What is a characteristic of the electoral college system that is reflected in the election results of 1912 and 1968?

1. The two-party system has failed to work in some elections 2. Electors are not bound to their party's candidate3. States with small populations can dominate election results

4. The ''winner-take-all'' method can distort the relationship between the popular vote and the electoral vote

What has been the most frequent criticism of the electoral college system?1. An excessive number of third-party candidates have been encouraged to run for office. 2. Electors frequently ignore the vote of the people.3. The person who wins the popular vote has not always been chosen as President.

4. The electors are not chosen by political parties.

3. Lobbying

Which action is an example of lobbying by a special interest group?1. labor union members threatening to strike if their company opens a factory in a foreign nation 2. members of Congress introducing a bill that will provide for low-interest college loans3. a congressional committee investigating the activities of organized crime

4. several lumber companies asking Senators to allow logging on federal lands

Lobbying groups like the National Rifle Association (NRA) and the National Education Association (NEA) can influence government decisions because they

1. directly choose the leaders of Congress 2. work to elect legislators who support their views3. pay the salaries of elected officials

4. become members of third political parties

A major objection to many lobbying groups is that they1. are illegal under the federal Constitution 2. have too much influence on government3. are free from all government regulations

4. have been controlled by the media

The main purpose of lobbying is to1. influence legislation on behalf of special interest groups 2. strengthen the power of political parties3. increase the speed and efficiency of the law-making process

4. reduce the number of candidates in political elections

Political action committees (PACs) are most closely associated with the1. spoils system 3. lobbying process

2. Cabinet system 4. appeals process

Which aspect of lawmaking is a result of the unwritten constitution?1. Congress overriding the President's veto 2. special-interest groups lobbying to try to influence legislation 3. bills passing both houses of Congress by majority vote4. revenue bills originating in the House of Representatives

Which part of government is least influenced by lobbying and political pressure?1. executive branch of the United States government2. United States Supreme Court3. United States Congress4. New York States Legislature

The main political function of lobbyists for special interest groups is to1. influence public officials to support or oppose specific programs2. provide a source of unbiased information for legislators3. nominate candidates for elective offices4. simplify the process of developing nad passing laws

What is a primary role of lobbyists in the political process?1. to draft bills for legislators2. to present the views of special interest groups on proposed legislation3. to locate citizens willing to run for public offices4. to provide legislators with unbiased information on important issues


are needed to see this picture.Based on the chart, which statement is a valid conclusion?

1. Japan needs more United States foreign aid than any other country listed2. The United States has a balance-of-payments problem3. Foreign countries may have major influence on United States legislation4. the American economy has come under the control of other nations



According to the cartoon, the most difficult task for the Federal Government in the 1990s was1. reforming the welfare system2. balancing the Federal budget3. providing affordable medical insurance4. cutting defense spending

The main obstacle to solving the problem shown in the cartoon was the1. failure of Congress to respond to public opinion2. Government's inability to fund social programs3. inefficiency of the Government's tax collection system4. demands of a variety of special interest groups


are needed to see this picture.In this cartoon, what is the main concern of the cartoonist?

1. the technology needed to run the federal government is too expensive2. consumers should be protected from false advertising in the media3. technology makes it easier to influence legislators4. the government is unable to safeguard the privacy of Internet users

4. Campaign Finance Reform

To reduce the influence of special-interest groups on political campaigns, reformers have often proposed increasing

1. the length of political campaigns 3. the number of elected officials2. public funding of political campaigns 4. the number of women candidates

Base your answer on the cartoon (see image) and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0603/US0603010.GIFWhat is the main idea of this cartoon?

1. Americans fail to adequately support the expenses of political candidates. 2. Campaign advertising has no influence on voter turnout.3. Campaign costs are a major cause of the national debt.

4. High campaign costs negatively affect the political process.

"Influence of Political Action Committees Continues to Rise""Republicans and Democrats Spend over $100 Million in 2000 Presidential Election""Senate Passes Campaign Finance Reform Act"

What is the central issue of these headlines?1. Republicans and Democrats spend equal amounts of money. 2. American citizens pay high taxes to support presidential campaigns. 3. Money has a strong impact on the American political process.4. Candidates spend much of their own money on political campaigns.

The most common proposed solution to the problem shown in the cartoon is to1. establish poll taxes 2. have candidates finance their own campaigns 3. eliminate primaries from the election system4. use public funds to pay for political campaigns

Base your answer on the accompanying cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0102/US0102046.GIFWhat is the main idea of this cartoon?

1. Senators spend too much time talking and not enough time passing new laws. 2. Additional limits on campaign spending are needed. 3. The salaries of United States senators are too high.4. Only a wealthy individual can campaign for a seat in Congress.

What would be an expected result of the public financing of election campaigns?1. Personal income taxes would be reduced. 2. Political parties would no longer be necessary.3. People who contribute large amounts of money would lose their influence.

4. Incumbents would be guaranteed reelection.



What is the main idea of this cartoon?

1. wealthy persons should be discouraged from running for public office2. efforts to limit political contributions from special interest groups are not successful3. special interest groups from foreign nations have too much influence on American politics4. placing limits on terms in office for elected officials would solve campaign funding problems

5. Media Election Coverage

Which heading would be most appropriate for this list?

I. _______________________A. Presidents appearing on major television networks to announce important policiesB. Candidates for public office spending large amounts on political advertisementsC. Presidents delivering "State of the Union" addresses to Congress at 9:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time

1. Political corruption2. Reforms in television3. Influence of the media4. Duties of the President



What is the main idea of the cartoon?1. families that watch television are the most informed about politics2. the speeches of candidates often fail to attract the voters' attention3. more voters should watch cable television4. television networks are not acting in politically responsible ways

C. Today’s Issues and Problems

1. Social Security System and Medicare

During the next 30 years, what will be the most likely impact of the baby boom that followed World War II?

1. More money will be spent on national defense. 2. The cost of health care will decrease. 3. Social Security will have to provide for increasing numbers of retired people.4. The elderly will be the smallest segment of the population.

The aging of the baby boom generation will most likely result in1. an increase in Social Security spending 2. a decrease in health care costs 3. a decrease in infant mortality in the United States4. a balanced federal budget

Which change in the demographic pattern of the United States is currently contributing most to the problems facing the Social Security system?

1. aging of the baby boomers 3. migration to the Sunbelt2. shorter life span of the elderly 4. decline in the rate of immigration

As the average age of the nation's population increases, there will be a need to1. create more child care facilities2. address the financing of Medicare3. increase the number of public schools4. reform immigration laws

Social scientists use the expressing "the graying of America" to describe the1. aging of the nation's population2. declining political power of older Americans3. possible failure of the Social Security system4. increasing number of babies born to older couples

Since the 1990's, the primary issues concerning the health care system in the United States has been the1. increasing cost of medical care2. shortage of prescription drugs3. safety of medical procedures4. reorganization of hospitals



Which situation can be inferred from the population trend shown on the graph?1. in the 1980's, more new schools were needed than in the early 1960's2. in the 1970's, there was an increased migration to the northeast3. in the 1980's, the number of baby boomers was recognized as a threat to the future of Social Security benefits4. in the 1990's, death rates increased

Information on the graph shows that the birthrate peaked in 1. 19402. 19473. 19574. 1970



What did the federal government propose to address the problem suggested by the graph?1. creation of a national one-child policy2. expansion of the Medicare program3. development of a national child-care program for working parents4. elimination of Social Security benefits for Americans over the age of 85



The changes shown in the graph support the recent concerns of Americans about the1. future of Social Security and Medicare2. return to an agrarian society3. surplus of health care workers4. shortage of schools and colleges

2. United States Immigration Policy

During the 1990s, an increase in Mexican immigration to the United States was caused by the immigrants' desire for

1. greater political freedom 3. better economic opportunities2. bilingual education 4. religious freedom

Which statement most accurately describes United States immigration policy since 1920?1. Any person wishing to immigrate to the United States has been welcomed. 2. Limits have been placed on the number of immigrants allowed to enter the United States. 3. Only immigrates with jobs or relatives in the United States have been admitted.4. Immigrants have been required to speak English before they can be admitted to the United States.

http://barronsregents.com/img/US0698/US0698026.GIFPeople who support unrestricted immigration would agree most with Speaker

1. A 3. C2. B 4. D

Which statements about immigration to the United States is most accurate?1. the desire for economic advancement has been a major reason for immigration to the United States2. the ethnic mix of immigrants to the United States has remained mostly unchanged3. the number of immigrants has remained constant in each decade during most of United States history4. nearly all immigrants have easily assimilated into American culture

Over the past twenty years, an objective of United States immigration policy has been to1. reduce the number of illegal immigrants2. keep out immigrants from former communist nations3. return to an open immigration policy4. encourage emigration from Western Europe

Base your answer on the accompanying cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0807/US0807047.GIFThe cartoonist is directing criticism at the

1. use of unskilled workers 2. government policy toward illegal immigrants3. poor quality of domestic textiles

4. use of nonunion labor in the workplace

"Once I thought to write a history of the immigrants in America. Then I discovered that the immigrants were American history."

--Oscar Handlin, The UprootedWhich aspect of American society is referred to by this statement?

1. nationalism 3. assimilation2. ethnocentrism 4. racism


Speaker A:"Our nation has grown and prospered from the ideas and labor of immigrants. The nation has been enriched by immigrants from different nations who brought new ideas and lifestyles, which have become part of American culture."

Speaker B:"United States industries are competing with established European manufacturers. To prosper, American industries need the vast supply of unskilled labor that is provided by immigrants."

Speaker C:"Immigrants are taking jobs at low wages without regard for long hours and workers' safety. American workers must unite to end this unfair competition."

Speaker D:"Immigrants arrive in American cities poor and frightened. They are helped to find jobs or housing. These newcomers should show their gratitude at voting time."

Which speaker is most clearly expressing the melting pot theory?1. A 3. C2. B 4. D

Which social practice has done the most to assimilate immigrants into American culture?1. educating immigrant children in public schools 2. housing immigrants in tenements 3. making low-cost medical care available 4. forming ethnic neighborhoods in cities

In United States history, a similarity between the "old" and "new" immigrant groups was that both were

1. financially helped by state and federal government programs 2. readily assimilated into American society 3. primarily drawn to the United States by economic motives4. mainly attracted to the Middle West

"Year of the Rat Celebrated in Chinatown""St. Patrick's Day Parade Draws a Crown of 10,000""Martin Luther King Day Recognized in Schools Across the United States'

Which characteristic of United States society is best illustrated by these headlines?1. nativism 3. urbanization2. social mobility 4. cultural pluralism



Which statement best expresses the main idea of the cartoon?1. the United States has returned to an open immigration policy2. current immigration policy favors those with financial security3. today's immigrants need to have an advanced knowledge of technology4. current immigration policy supports the spirit of the Statue of Liberty



According to the cartoonist, the United States has1. an ethnically diverse population2. an overly restrictive immigration policy3. a national requirement that high school students learn foreign languages4. a census report printed in languages that are spoken in the United States



Supporters of literacy tests to restrict immigration would most likely favor the views of Speakers1. A and C 3. B and D2. B and C 4. A and B

The immigrants referred to be Speaker D were mainly from1. Canada and Mexico2. South America3. western Europe4. southern and eastern Europe

3. Minimum Wage

Congress established a minimum wage for workers and regulations on radio broadcasts by combining its delegated power to regulate interstate commerce with the

1. sanctity of contract clause 3. elastic clause2. due process clause 4. writ of habeas corpus clause



The point of view expressed in this cartoon is that the 1997 increase in the minimum wage would1. significantly reduce the gap between the rich and the poor 2. encourage the poor to appreciate the concern of politicians3. help workers climb the ladder of success

4. be unlikely to provide any major benefit to the poor

4. Nuclear Proliferation

The development of nuclear weapons by India and Pakistan has been criticized by the United States government because

1. India and Pakistan are allies of Russia 2. India and Pakistan have threatened to use these weapons against the United States3. the United States insists on maintaining its nuclear capability

4. the spread of nuclear weapons threatens all humankind

Base your answer on the accompanying cartoon and on your knowledge of social studies.http://barronsregents.com/img/US0601/US0601039.GIFThe main idea expressed in the cartoon involves the

1. relationship between consumer needs and military needs 2. problems created by the development of nuclear weapons 3. need for all people to be informed about world affairs4. problems associated with the shift from a wartime economy to a peacetime economy

5. Computer Security and Identity Theft



The cartoonist is critical of computers mainly because1. important personal records are frequently lost2. personal information may no longer be private3. computers are becoming more difficult to use4. computer technology becomes obsolete too quickly

Documents

VIII - UAMAHistory - home · Web viewBetween 1934 and 1937, Congress passed a series of neutrality acts that were designed primarily to 1. strengthen the nation's military defenses