Part I Direction: Choose the words or phrases from the box to fill in the blanks. Each answer can only be chosen once. Remember to write down your answers on the Answer Sheet (20%)

Task One:

plural; physically; jet; approximately; in good condition; rub; employment; partner; structure; in the case of; destructive; faxed; current; loosed; historical; manufacturing; provoked; multiply; large quantities of; comparative

1. Although the ______of the building hasn’t suffered, the surface is badly damaged.

2. It’s dangerous to swim in the river here because the _______ is so strong.3. If you are aged over 18 and ________, it’s safe to take the medicine.4. Alex removed his jacket and ________ his tie before falling asleep on the

sofa.5. This is what his email says: Have you got the draft of the contract _____

to you by Ms. Thompson, the representative of our company, earlier this morning? We need your suggestions about it badly.

6. You should remember that a fridge doesn’t kill bacteria; it only slows down the rate at which they______.

7. Oil prices have soared to above thirty dollars a barrel, their highest level in a decade, which is almost certain to _______ another round of petrol price increases.

8. Conventional medicine has concentrated mainly on the treatment of chronic (慢性的 ) and acute illness, and until recent years the role of preventive medicine has suffered _______ neglect.

9. Coat the shoes with polish, then _______ hard with a soft cloth to give a shine.

10. Carrying ______ cash could be dangerous and inconvenient. Why not use a credit card?

11. For complicated _________ and political reasons, these border areas are among the most lawless regions in the world.

12. A _______ society is a society composed of different ethnic groups or cultural traditions.

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13. People are very concerned about the _______ effects that violent film may have on children.

14. Racing takes everything you’ve got --- intellectually, emotionally______.15. The earth is 93 millions miles from the sun. If you took a ______ that flies

625 miles per hour to the sun, it would take 17 years to get there. 16. To reduce weight, I am now learning to play golf with my business

______ who is a gold semi-professional. 17. After the United States entered World War Two in 1941, General Motors

(GM) ceased civilian automobile production and started ____ tanks, airplanes, weapons, and other war supplies fir the Allied forces.

18. In 1978, at the beginning of reform period, __________ 111,000 Chinese students went abroad to pursue further studies.

19. Workers who have to work on the weekends are paid twice the normal wages. ______ national holidays, they get triple pay.

20 The quantity of money in a country affects the level of prices, the rate of economic growth, and ________ situation on the job market.

Task Two

leave behind; originally; host; track down; survive; salary; display; impulse; type; obtain; proceed; function; act on; smash; suburb; response; origin; contented; indicate; shortly; argue; annoy; single out; clean up; make for; vital; fortune; crash; perform; end up

1. The doctor’s report _____ that her death was due to heart disease.2. They have invented a new ____ of washing machine.3. The fence along the middle of the road is intended to protect vehicles from _____ each other.

4 My native town, which was _____ rather small, has now been built into one of the biggest cities in the province.

5. A plate dropped from her fingers and ___ into pieces on the kitchen floor.

6. The _____ of the dinner party was disappointed at the small number of guests who attended.

7. Mrs. David wrote the article ____ after she returned from abroad.

8. The pupils _____ the door as soon as they heard the bell ring.

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9. The police were determined to ____ the criminal wherever he might be hiding.

10. Many people have the bad habit of spending money on _____.

11. I must go back; I’ve _____ my car keys.

12. It was through his uncle’s influence that Philip ______ his position with the biggest oil company in the country.

13. A man of humble ____ , Lincoln eventually became President of the United States through his own efforts.

14. ______ the advice of his doctor, Mr. Park had eye operated on right after he retired last week.

15. My friend Joe is an experienced doctor. He can be trusted to ____ the delicate operations.

16. Undoubtedly universal education is ______ to a country’s future.

17. Believe it or not, all the passengers _______the plane crash.

18. After the headmaster had given an account of the difficulties, he ____ to suggest ways of overcoming them.

19. Though the job requires a great deal of efforts, the _____ is quite low.

20. Joe used to live in a northern ____ of Chicago before he was given a post in the center of the city.

21. The machine will not ______ properly if it is not kept well-oiled.

22. Pearl _____ no strong emotion then they told her the news.

23. She _____ logically that the new regulations would harm the poor.

24. Philip is good at writing. Last week his composition was once again _____ for special praise.

25. As far as I am concerned, some days are lucky while others seem marked by bad ____ .

26. Are you ____ with the living conditions and research facilities here?

27. So far the management has made no _____ to the worker’s demand for higher wages.

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28. Jane was ____ because her little brother kept pulling her hair.

29. If you go on doing that kind of thing you’ll _____ in prison.

30. The mayor promised to take effective measures to _____ the city.

Task Three

error; base on; type ; widen; survive; hesitate ;display; impulse; spring up; stale; proceed; perform;act on; smash; suburb; response; origin; at ease;create; shortly; argue; modest; single out; constant;make for; vital; fortune; as to; advertise; avoid

1. The speaker said something about the actors first and then _____to talk about the film.

2. They have invented a new ____ of washing machine.3. We had a long debate ___ whether we should spend so much money on space

technology.

4 The movie we are going to see is said to be ____ the life story of an American general.

5. A plate dropped from her fingers and ___ into pieces on the kitchen floor.

6. New problems _____ when old ones are solved.

7. Mrs. David wrote the article ____ after she returned from abroad.

8. The pupils _____ the door as soon as they heard the bell ring.

9. The man’s eye _____ with fear when he saw the robber'.

10. Many people have the bad habit of spending money on _____.

11. His country made a strategic _____ which led to its defeat in the war.

12. Once he realizes that it is his mistake, Jim never ____ to admit and correct it.

13. A man of humble ____ , Lincoln eventually became President of the United States through his own efforts.

14. ______ the advice of his doctor, Mr. Park had eye operated on right after he

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retired last week.

15. My friend Joe is an experienced doctor. He can be trusted to ____ the delicate operations.

16. Undoubtedly universal education is ______ to a country’s future.

17. Believe it or not, all the passengers _______the plane crash.

18. Leonardo da Vinci not only ____ great works of arts, he also was a brilliant scientist.

19. Few people shop at this market, for many of the vegetables here seem to be _____.

20. Joe used to live in a northern ____ of Chicago before he was given a post in the center of the city.

21. A company may ____ its products by means of newspaper, magazine, television or even skywriting.

22. Pearl _____ no strong emotion then they told her the news.

23. She _____ logically that the new regulations would harm the poor.

24. Philip is good at writing. Last week his composition was once again _____ for special praise.

25. As far as I am concerned, some days are lucky while others seem marked by bad ____ .

26. Tommy felt quite ____ when he stayed with his aunt, a good-matured old lady.

27. So far the management has made no _____ to the worker’s demand for higher wages.

28. He was a ____ person in spite of his great success.

29. In order to ____ his creditors, he went into hiding.

30. The unpopular mayor was under ___ attack in the newspaper.

Part Ⅱ Direction: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentences.

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Task One1. We need someone really ______ who can organize the office and make it

run smoothly.A crucial B realistic C essential D efficient

2. Under normal circumstances the body can ______ these naturally occurring substances into vitamins.A convert B render C derive D originate

3. I will hold you personally _______ if anything goes wrong in the project. A destructive B lucrative C diverse D responsible

4. The survey found 80 percent of viewers were _______ by the violent scenes in the film.A eliminated B alerted C offended D discouraged

5. There are still some _____ for students of science and engineering, but those in arts and humanities have been filled.A positions B vacancies C categories D applications

6. People under a lot of ________ may experience headaches, minor pains and sleeping difficulties.A stress B exposure C endurance D endeavor

7. The destructions of the Twin Towers in New York city _____ shock and anger throughout the world.A summoned B temped C provoked D enveloped

8 A UN official said aid programs will be ____ until there is adequate protection for relief personnel. A multiplied B spanned C arrested D suspended

9 Many social problems are caused by the uneven _____ of wealth.A equality B justice C distributed D volume

10 The number 30 on a road sign _______ that the speed limit is 30 miles an hour.A signifies B forecasts C illumines D characterizes

Task Two1. When I got to the hospital, he was still _____.

A)live B) alive C) lovely D)lively2. The mechanics of staging a play _______ very complicated.

A) do B) does C) is D) are3. Nitrogen and oxygen ______ water.

A) are made up of B)consist of C) compose of D) constitute

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4. If a=b, b=c, then we can _____ a=c.A) introduce B) induce C) reduce D) produce

5. As a boy and then as an adult, I never lost my wonder at the _____that was Einstein. A) character B) temper C) personality D) characteristic6.. If I were you, I _______ Mr. Smith’s class. A) will attend B) attended C) am going to attend D) would attend7. Under no circumstances _______ Tianjin again. A) I will go to B) did I go to C) will I go to D) I went8. Before taking time to consider it, the president ____ our proposal for several months.

A) took on B) seated on C) sat on D) relied on 9. We've _______ each other for years, but I've never actually met him. A) corresponded B) corresponded with C) corresponded to D) corresponded for10. I would rather _______. A) not to tell me B) you don't tell me C) you didn't tell me D) you hadn't told me

Task Three1. Mr. Smith is a man of strong _______.

A) to build B) builder C) build D) building2. The chairman _______ a question for discussion.

A) aroused B) raised C) arose D) rose3. "Do you think that the labor bill will be passed?"

"Oh, yes. It's _______ that it will."A) almost surely B) very likelyC) near positive D) quite certainly

4. Not until 1868 _______ made the capital of the state of Georgia.A) Atlanta was B) was AtlantaC) when Atlanta was D) when was Atlanta

5. Parents sometimes _______ the youngest child in the family.A) favor B) favorite C) favorable D) favorite

6. She _______ a sum of money for her old age.A) set up B) set about C) set in D) set aside

7. He gets along very well with his American friends, _______.

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A) despite he does not speak EnglishB) in spite of he does not speak EnglishC) although he does not speak EnglishD) for he does not speak English

8. This is a _______ event, for it really happened in the past.A) social B) particular C) historical D) religious

9. The story is not real. It is only _______.A) imaginary B) imaginativeC) false D) thoughtful

10. It is necessary that a university student _______ at least one foreign language. A) learn B) learns C) learned D) would learn11. Each driver stood in the street and _______ that the accident was other's fault. A) managed B) mature C) maintained D) met12. _______ left unguarded.

A) At no time the entranceB) At no time was the entranceC) At no time the entrance wasD) At no time has the entrance

13. He has always been so _______, so full of life and energy. A) vital B) alive C) various D) living14. Although I liked the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _______ through the window. A) vision B) look C) picture D) view15. Mary has to ask her parents for about $1.500 a year to pay for her _______ and room and board. A) money B) fee C) tuition D) grant16. You _______ me; I had expected you to behave more responsibly. A) realized B) satisfied C) disappointed D) fulfilled17. He will agree to do what you _______ of him. A) require B) acquire C) inquire D) enquire18. The French class had twenty students, most _______ had had much better language training than I. A) whom B) of whom C) of who D) of them

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19. Fred talked as though he was a scholar with an _______ knowledge of the subject. A) intensive B) tense C) intense D) extensive20. David was so angry that he just couldn't _______ himself _______ from telling them what he thought. A) hold…up B) hold…back C) hold…on D) hold…down

III Fast Reading: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with information given in the passage (20 points)

Passage One.Theft deterrent systemTo deter the vehicle theft, the system is designed to give an alarm and keep the engine from being started if any of the front, sliding and back doors and hood is forcibly unlocked or the battery terminal is disconnected and then reconnected when the vehicle is locked. The alarm blows the horn intermittently and flashes the headlights, tail lights and other exterior lights. The engine cannot be started because the starter circuit will be cut. SETTING THE SYSTEM 1. Turn the ignition key to the “LOCK” position and remove it.2. Have all passengers get out of the vehicle.3. Close and lock the front, sliding and back doors and hood.The indicator light will come on when the front, sliding and back doors and hood are closed and locked. As the front doors are locked, the system will give you a preparation time of 30 seconds before the setting, during which the front, sliding and back doors and hood may be opened to prepare for the setting. Be careful not to use the key when opening either front door. This will cancel the system.

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4. After making sure the indicator light starts flashing, you may leave the vehicle. The system will automatically be set after the preparation time elapses. The indicator light will flash to show the system is set. If any of the front, sliding and back doors and hood is opened at that time, the setting is interrupted until it is closed and locked. Never leave anyone in the vehicle when you set the system, because unlocking from the inside will activate (使起动) the system. WHEN THE SYSTEM IS SETActivating the systemThe system will give the alarm and cut the starter circuit under the following conditions: If any of the front, sliding and back doors and hood is unlocked without using the keyIf the battery terminal is disconnected and then reconnected After one minute, the alarm will automatically stop with the starter circuit cut kept on.Reactivating the alarmOnce set, the system automatically resets the alarm each time the front, sliding and back doors and hood are closed after the alarm stops.The alarm will be activated again under the following conditions:If any of the front, sliding and back doors and hood is opened .If the battery terminal is disconnected and then reconnected.Stopping the alarmTurn the ignition key from the “LOCK” to “ACC” position. The alarm will be stopped with the starter circuit cut kept on. Stopping the alarm in this manner will keep the alarm from being reactivated when any of the front, sliding and back doors and hood is opened.Interrupting the settingWith the system set, the back door can be opened with the key without activating or canceling the system. While it is open, the front and sliding doors and hood may be opened in addition, and the system can be activated only by the battery terminal disconnection. To resume the setting, close and lock the front, sliding and back doors and hood. The back door must be closed with the key removed.CANCELLING THE SYSTEMUnlock either front door with the key, or unlock the sliding door with the key

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when it has been closed. This cancels the system completely and the starter circuit cut will be cancelled at once.INDICATOR LIGHTThe indicator light gives the following three indications when the system is in use. When the light is:FLASHING—The system is set. You need the key to open the front, sliding and back doors and hood. ON—The system will automatically be set when the time comes. The front, sliding and back doors and hood may be opened without a key. OFF—The system is inactive. You may open any door and hood.TESTING THE SYSTEM1. Open the driver’s and front passenger’s windows.2. Set the system as described above. The front doors should be locked with the key. Be sure to wait until the indicator light starts flashing.3.Unlock one of the front, sliding and back doors from the inside. The system should activate the alarm.4.Cancel the system by unlocking either front door with the key.5.Repeat this operation for the other doors and hood. When testing on the hood, also check that the system is activated when the battery terminal is disconnected and then reconnected. If the system does not work properly, have it checked by your Toyota dealer.Questions: 1. The system is used to deter the vehicle theft according to the instructions.2. In order to set the system, you should have all passengers get out of the vehicle.3. The system will be cancelled when you use the key to open the back door. 4. The system will be not be activated unless you use the key to open any of the front, sliding and back doors and hood.5. In order to stop the alarm, you have to turn the ignition key from the “ACC” to “LOCK” position.6. When the indicator light is flashing, it is needless to use the key to open any of the doors and hood.7. The passage tells us that the system works so effectively that it never breaks down.8. As the front doors are locked, the theft deterrent system will give you a preparation time of ________before setting.9. Before leaving the vehicle, make sure that the indicator light___________.

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10. According to the passage, if the system refuses to work properly, have it checked by your__________________.

Passage TwoIf it weren’t for nicotine, people wouldn’t smoke tobacco. Why? Because of the more than 4000 chemicals in tobacco smoke, nicotine is the primary one that acts on the brain, altering people’s moods, appetites and alertness in ways they find pleasant and beneficial. Unfortunately, as it is widely known, nicotine has a dark side: it is highly addictive. Once smokers become hooked on it, they must get their fix of it regularly, sometimes several dozen times a day. Cigarette smoke contains 43 known carcinogens, which means that long-term smoking can amount to a death sentence. In the US alone, 420,000 Americans die every year from tobacco-related illnesses.Breaking nicotine addiction is not easy. Each year, nearly 35 million people make a concerted effort to quit smoking. Sadly, less than 7 percent succeed in abstaining for more than a year; most start smoking again within days. So what is nicotine and how does it insinuate itself into the smoker’s brain and very being?The nicotine found in tobacco is a potent drug and smokers, and even some scientists, say it offers certain benefits. One is enhance performance. One study found that non-smokers given doses of nicotine typed about 5 percent faster than they did without it. To greater or lesser degrees, users also say nicotine helps them to maintain concentration, reduce anxiety, relieve pain, and even dampen their appetites (thus helping in weight control). Unfortunately, nicotine can also produce deleterious effects beyond addiction. At high doses, as are achieved from tobacco products, it can cause high blood pressure, distress in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems and an increase in susceptibility to seizures and hypothermia.First isolated as a compound in 1828, in its pure form nicotine is a clear liquid that turns brown when burned and smells like tobacco when exposed to air. It is found in several species of plants, including tobacco and, perhaps surprisingly, in tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplant (though in extremely low quantities that are pharmacologically insignificant for humans).As simple as it looks, the cigarette is highly engineered nicotine delivery device. For instance, when tobacco researchers found that much of the nicotine in a cigarette wasn’t released when burned but rather remained chemically bound within the tobacco leaf, they began adding substances such as ammonia

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to cigarette tobacco to release more nicotine. Ammonia helps keep nicotine in its basic form, which is more readily vaporized (蒸发) by the intense heat of the burning cigarette than the acidic form. Most cigarettes for sale in the US today contain 10 milligrams or more of nicotine. By inhaling smoke from a lighted cigarette, the average smoker takes 1 or 2 milligrams of vaporised nicotine per cigarette. Today we know that only a miniscule amount of nicotine is needed to fuel addiction. Research shows that manufacturers would have to cut nicotine levels in a typical cigarette by 95% to forestall its power to addict. When a smoker puffs on a lighted cigarette, smoke, including vaporised nicotine, is drawn into the mouth. The skin and lining of the mouth immediately absorb some nicotine, but the remainder flows straight down into the lungs, where it easily diffuses into the blood vessels lining the lung walls. The blood vessels carry the nicotine to the heart, which then pumps it directly to the brain. While most of the effects a smoker seeks occur in the brain, the heart takes a hit as well. Studies have shown that a smoker’s first cigarette of the day can increase his or her heart rate by 10 to 20 beats a minute. Scientists have found that a smoked substance reaches the brain more quickly than one swallowed, snorted (such as cocaine powder) or even injected. Indeed, a nicotine molecule inhaled in smoke will reach the brain within 10 seconds. The nicotine travels through blood vessels, which branch out into capillaries within the brain. Capillaries normally carry nutrients but they readily accommodate nicotine molecules as well. Once inside the brain, nicotine, like most addictive drugs, triggers the release of chemicals associated with euphoria and pleasure. Just as it moves rapidly from the lungs into the bloodstream, nicotine also easily diffuses through capillary walls. It then migrates to the spaces surrounding neurones – ganglion cells that transmit nerve impulses throughout the nervous system. These impulses are the basis for our thoughts, feelings, and moods. To transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour, a neurone releases chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters. Like nicotine molecules, the neurotransmitters drift into the so-called synaptic space between neurones, ready to latch onto the receiving neurone and thus deliver a chemical “message” that triggers an electrical impulse.The neurotransmitters bind onto receptors on the surface of the recipient neurone. This opens channels in the cell surface through which enter ions, or charged atoms, of sodium. This generates a current across the membrane of the

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receiving cell, which completes delivery of the “message”. An accomplished mimic, nicotine competes with the neurotransmitters to bind to the receptors. It wins and, like the vanquished chemical, opens ion channels that let sodium ions into the cell. But there’s a lot more nicotine around than the original transmitter, so a much larger current spreads across the membrane. This bigger current causes increased electrical impulses to travel along certain neurones. With repeated smoking, the neurones adapt to this increased electrical activity, and the smoker becomes dependent on the nicotine.Questions 1 – 71. Although nicotine is probably the well-known chemical in cigarettes, it is not necessarily the one that changes the psyche of the smoker when cigarettes are smoked.2. In spite of the difficulties, according to the text more than thirty-five million people a year give up smoking.3. It has been shown that nicotine in cigarettes can improve people’s abilities to perform some actions more quickly.4. Added ammonia in cigarettes allows smokers to inhale more nicotine.5. Snorted substances reach the brain faster than injected substances.6. Nicotine dilates the blood vessels that carry it around the body.7. Nicotine molecules allow greater electrical charges to pass between neurones.Questions 8 - 108. Cigarette companies would have to cut the nicotine content in cigarettes by _________ to prevent them from being addictive.9. According to the passage, a cigarette can raise a smoker’s heart rate by _________ a minute.10. In order to transmit nerve impulses to its neighbour, a neurone sends _________ known as neurotransmitters.

Passage ThreeAirplaneAirplane InstrumentsModern airplanes are complicated machines. Pilots need many gauges(量表 ) and electronic aids to help fly them. The flight deck of a large passenger plane contains many indicator dials and warning lights. One of the most important instruments is the altimeter, which tells the pilot how high the plane is off the

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ground. The air speed indicator measures the plane’s speed. The artificial horizon shows the position of the plane relative to the horizon. The turn and back indicator shows how much, if at all, the plane is turning and tilting. In dense clouds and fog, a pilot would not always know which way the plane is heading if it weren’t for this instrument. A gyrocompass(旋转罗盘)and various radio devices are necessary for navigation.Most large planes also have an automatic pilot. This is a device operated by a computer. It will fly the plane without the pilots touching the controls. These autopilots can even control takeoffs and landings. The flight deck also contains many gauges and meters that tell the pilot whether the many pieces of equipment on the plane are operating properly. They measure fuel level, temperatures, cabin pressure, electric current, etc. Indicators show whether the landing gear is up or down. The radio equipment allows the pilot to talk to ground controllers and to receive navigation signals.Airplane ConstructionEarly airplanes were made of wood frames covered by fabric and held in shape by wire. After World War I, airplane designers started to use lightweight metals like aluminum, titanium, and magnesium alloys. A thin skin of metal was riveted into place over metal ribs. Strong epoxy(环氧的) glues are now used for some joints, instead of rivets. As planes grew in size, they became heavier. More powerful engines were developed in order to fly the heavier planes.The use of metals brings with it a problem called metal fatigue. Stress and vibration in flight can cause metal parts eventually to break up. Airplanes must be constantly checked for signs of this trouble. Defective parts must be renewed by aircraft maintenance people.Designers test scale models in wind tunnels before the full sized planes are built. Reactions of the models to high speed air streams give good indications how full sized planes will react in flight. This approach helps save a lot of money. It also helps to make airplanes safe.AirportAn airport is a place where airplanes arrive and depart. Passengers leave and arrive on the airplanes and cargo is loaded and unloaded. Large, jet powered airplanes require long runways for takeoffs and landings. Big terminal buildings are necessary to handle thousands of passengers and their baggage. Very large airports usually serve several large cities and cover thousands of acres. Hundreds of planes arrive and depart daily. All this traffic must be carefully controlled to avoid delays and accidents. This is done from a control

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tower. The tower stands high above the ground. Air traffic controllers, inside the tower, must be able to guide airplanes through their takeoffs and landings.Large airports are often like small cities. Many have post offices, banks, hotels, restaurants, and many kinds of shops. Airports have their own fire and police departments, fuel storage tanks, and repair work shops. Some companies even have their shipping warehouses located at airports.One of the largest airports in the world is in Grapevine, Texas, midway between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth. This airport covers 7 200 hectares (18 000 acres).Its five terminals can handle the arrivals and departures of 90 jumbo jets at the same time. O’Hare International Airport, in Chicago, is the busiest airport in the world. It handles more than 37 million passengers a year.Small airports that are used only by private airplanes usually cover 20 to 40 hectares (50 to 100 acres).They do not need all the buildings and services of a large airport. The control tower may be just a small room in a building at ground level.RunwaysEarly planes were light. Early runways were sometimes just level grass fields. Paved runways became necessary when airplanes became heavier and faster. Today’s big jet planes weigh hundreds of tons. They move along runways at speeds of 160 kph (100 mph).When they land, the runways take a lot of pounding and must be made of concrete or asphalt(沥青).They must have solid foundations and a surface that prevents skidding.Airplanes take off into the wind in order to get better lift. They also land into the wind to have better control as they slow down. Most airports have runways pointing in different directions. This means that there are always runways on which airplanes can go into the wind as they take off and land.Heavily loaded passenger jets need long runways to gather enough speed to leave the ground. Runways at some large airports are longer than 3 000m(10 000 ft).At night, bright lights line the runways so that pilots can find them without trouble. A system of flashing guide lights is set up beyond the runway to help pilots land safely.Control TowersPeople who work in control towers are called air traffic controllers. They direct the movements of all planes on the ground and in the air by keeping track of them on large radar screens. Air traffic controllers tell a pilot, by radio, when and where to taxi or pilot the plane down the runway.

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Electronic equipment is used to guide airplanes. Long range radar is used to keep track of planes far away from the airport. This radar is called Ground Control Approach (GCA).When the airplane gets within a few miles of the runway, the air traffic controller begins to use Precision Approach Radar (PAR).This allows the controller to guide the airplane to within 0.4km(0.25mi)of the runway. At that point, the pilot completes the landing. Another electronic aid used in bad weather is the Instrument Landing System (ILS).In this system, radio transmitters located near the runway send guidance signals to the airplane. These signals tell the pilot how to steer the plane for the final approach to the runways. Today, there are also electronic "microwave" landing systems (MLS) that can land the plane fully automatically.Terminal BuildingsTerminal buildings vary in size and shape. Most of them are quite large. More than 228 million people fly on the airlines in America every year. Every passenger must pass through terminals. Long, covered walkways lead from the center of some terminals to the gates where airplanes are boarded. At some airports, buses are used to transport passengers to their airplanes. Passengers arriving from another country must pass through customs and passport control. Customs officials check the incoming baggage for taxable items. They also check passengers to be sure no forbidden items are brought into the country. Passport officials check the passports of passengers for personal identification.Passengers are not allowed to bring guns, knives, or other weapons onto a passenger airplane. Before boarding, they must walk through a detector which triggers a special signal if they are carrying anything made of metal. Luggage is also examined for weapons. This is done to ensure the safety of the passengers.1. The main purpose of this passage is to introduce the history of airplanes.2. The device of an automatic pilot can usually fly a plane more smoothly than a human pilot.3. With the help of the radio equipment, pilots are able to communicate with ground controllers.4. We can tell from the passage that early airplanes are not as solid as modern ones.5. According to the passage, the busiest airport in the world is in Grapevine, Texas, midway between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth.6. The runways should be long and solid enough for the heavily loaded jets.7. Precision Approach Radar (PAR) is used by air traffic controllers to keep track of airplanes far away from the airport.

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8. The planes can be landed fully automatically if the control towers are equipped with ___________ .9. After getting off the plane, every passenger arriving from another country must pass through___________ .10. When passengers go through a detector before they board, and anything made of metal is detected, the detector triggers __________.

VI. Read the following passage, and then do the exercises. Choose the best answer of each question.

Passage 1In everyday usage 'hot' means 'having a lot of heat'. Many people think that 'cold' is something completely different from heat. But this is not true. 'Cold' simply means 'having very little heat'.

Your life depends on heat. In fact, every living thing depends on it. Without heat, every living thing would be frozen to death. All living things get their heat from the sun, which provides the conditions in which life is possible.

Before the dawn of history, man has been able to make his own heat. He has been able to release the sun's heat that is trapped in things such as wood, coal, and oil. And he has been able to use this heat.

Heat has made civilization possible. With heat, man could melt metals. As man learned to use metals and fuels, industries grew. As a result, engines were invented. These are machines that change heat energy into mechanical energy. Engines can do the work of many men. Without engines industrial civilization is impossible.

Yet when the first engines were built in the 17 th century, men were still wondering about the nature of heat. "What is it?" they asked. Not until the early years of the 19th century did they find the right answer.

1. Your life depends on heat. It means _______.A) human beings will die when it is coldB) the more heat you have, the betterC) it is impossible for man to live without heatD) man is able to make his own heat

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2. In everyday usage, 'hot' means _______. A) something completely different from 'cold'B) not having very little heatC) it is in summerD) having a great deal of heat

3. Which of the following is true?A) Engines change mechanical energy into heat energy.B) Without engines we have no industrial civilization.C) Without engines civilization is impossible.D) Engines were invented before industries grew.

4. He has been able to release the sun's heat that is trapped in things such as wood, coal, and oil. From this sentence we know _______.A) man can get heat only from wood, coal, and oilB) only wood, coal, and oil have heatC) man can get heat from things like wood, coal, and oilD) all the sun's heat is trapped in things

5. From the last two sentences, we can see _______.A) men found the nature of heat after the 17th centuryB) men found the nature of heat in the 19th centuryC) men found the nature of heat when the first engines were builtD) men found the nature of heat before the dawn of history

Passage TwoThe temperature of the Sun is over 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center. The Sun is so much hotter than the Earth that matter can exist only as a gas, except all the core. In the core of the Sun, the pressures are so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may be a small solid core. However, no one really knows, since the center of the Sun can never be directly observed.

Solar astronomers do know that the Sun is divided into five layers or zones. Starting at the outside and going down into the Sun, the zones are the corona (光环圈), chromospheres (色环层), photosphere, convection zone, and finally the core. The first three zones are regarded as the Sun's atmosphere. But since the Sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where the atmosphere ends and the main body of the Sun begins.

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The sun's outermost layer begins about 10,000 miles above the visible surface and goes outward for millions of miles. This is the only, part of the Sun that can be seen during an eclipse such as the one in February 1979. At any other time, the corona can be seen only when special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to shut out the glare of the Sun's rays.

The corona is a brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full Moon. Its beautiful rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse. The corona's rays flash out in a brilliant fan that has wispy (稀疏的) spikelike (穗状的) rays near the Sun's north and south poles. The corona is thickest at the sun's equator.

The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds and reaching a temperature of more than 2 million degrees Fahrenheit. The rays of gas thin out as they reach the space around the planets. By the time the Sun's corona rays reach the Earth, they are weak and invisible.

6. With what topic is the second paragraph mainly concerned?A) How the Sun evolved. B) The structure of the Sun.C) Why scientists study the Sun. D) The distance of the Sun from the planets.7. As it is used in the passage, the word" photosphere" (Line 3, Para. 2) meansA) a scarlet gaseous envelope surrounding the Sun B) the luminous envelope of gas surrounding the SunC) the mixture of gasses that surrounds any planet or starD) the luminous irregular envelope of highly ionized gas outside the chromospheres of the Sun8. All of the following are parts of the Sun's atmosphere EXCEPT theA) corona B) chromospheres C) photosphere D) core 9. According to the passage, as the corona rays reach the planets, they becomeA) hotter B) clearerC) thinner D) stronger10. The paragraphs following the passage most likely discuss which of the following?A) The remaining layers of the Sun. B) The evolution of the Sun to its present form.C) The eclipse of February 1979. D) The scientists who study astronomy.

Passage Three

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If you want to stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most of our brains are not getting enough exercise -- and as a result, we are aging unnecessarily soon.

Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of aging could be slowed down.

With a team of colleagues at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.

Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect（智能）and emotion, and determine the human character. (The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional faculties.)

Contraction of front and side parts -- as cells die off -- was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty -- and seventy-year-olds.

Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age -- using the head.

The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White-collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm worker, bus driver and shop assistant.

Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain," he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators."

11. The team of doctors wanted to find out _______. A) why certain people age sooner than othersB) how to make people live longerC) the size of certain people's brains

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D) which people are most intelligent12. On what are their research findings based?

A) A survey of farmers in northern Japan.B) Tests performed on a thousand old people.C) The study of brain volumes of different people.D) The latest development of computer technology.

13. The doctor's tests show that _______.A) our brains shrink as we grow olderB) the front section of the brain does not shrinkC) sixty-year-olds have better brains than thirty-year-oldsD) some people's brains have contracted more than other people's

14. The word "subjects" in Paragraph 5 means _______. A) something to be consideredB) branches of knowledge studiedC) persons chosen to be studied in an experimentD) any member of a state except the supreme ruler

15. According to the passage, which people seem to age slower than the others? A) Lawyers. B) Clerks C) Farmers. D) Shop assistants.

Passage Four

You’re busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Let’s assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isn’t it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university.

Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them "impostors (骗子)"; another refers to them as "special cases". One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase

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of all, says that these claims are made by "no such people". To avoid outright (彻底的) lies, some job-seekers claim that they "attended" or "were associated with" a college or university. After carefully checking, a personnel officer may discover that "attending" means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that "being associated with" a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the century---that’s when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you don’t want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma.

One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from "Smoot State University". The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the "University of Purdue". As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.16. The main idea of this passage is that __[ A ] employers are checking more closely on applicants now[ B ] lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem[ C ] college degrees can now be purchased easily[ D ] employers are no longer interested in college degrees17. According to the passage, "special eases" refers to cases that __[ A ] students attend a school only part-time[ B ] students never attended a school they listed on their application[ C ] students purchase false degrees from commercial firms[ D ] students attended a famous school18. We can infer from the passage that __[ A ] performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree[ B ] experience is the best teacher[ C ] past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do[ D ] a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition19. This passage implies that __[ A ] buying a false degree is not moral[ B ] personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools[ C ] most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school[ D ] society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications

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20. The word "phony" (Line 17, Para. 2) means __[ A ] thorough [ B ] ultimate [ C ] false [ D ] decisive

Passage Five

We don't have beds in the space shuttle, but we do have sleeping bags. During the day, when we are working, we leave the bags tied to the wall, out of the way. At bedtime we unite them and take them wherever we've chosen to sleep.

On most space shuttle flights everyone sleeps at the same time. No one has to stay awake to watch over the space-plane; the shuttle's computers and the engineers at Mission Control do that. If anything goes wrong, the computers ring an alarm and the engineers call us on the radio.

On the space shuttle, sleep-time doesn't mean nighttime. During each ninety-minute orbit the sun "rises" and shines through our windows for about fifty minutes; then it "sets" as our path takes us around the dark side of the Earth. To keep the sun out of our eyes, we wear black sleep masks.

It is surprisingly easy to get comfortable and fall asleep in space. Every astronaut sleeps differently. Some sleep upside down, some right side up. When it's time to sleep, I take my bag, my sleep mask, and my tape player with earphones and float up to the flight deck. Then I crawl into the bag, and float in a sitting position just above a seat, right next to a window. Before I pull the mask down over my eyes, I relax for a while, listening to music and watching the Earth go by beneath me.21 When it's bedtime, astronauts put their sleeping bags _______.

A) near the windows B) in the flight deckC) above the seats D) in any place they like

22 “watch over” in para.2 has the closest meaning to _______.A) take care of B) seeC) look at D) pay attention to

23 How long does it take for the space shuttle to go round the Earth?A) Twenty-four hours. B) Fifty minutes.C) Ninety minutes. D) Nineteen minutes.

24 According to the passage, in order to get comfortable and fall asleep in space, it is necessary to _______.

A) wear a sleep mask B) listen to musicC) sleep upside down D) sleep sideways

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25. The best title for this passage is _______.A) Bedtime Doesn't Mean NighttimeB) Sleeping In SpaceC) Orbiting The SunD) Sleeping On The Space Shuttle

Passage Six

The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become "better" people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don't go.

But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don't fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxi; college students interfere with each other's experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school. Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out -- often encouraged by college administrators.

Some observers say that the fault is with the young people themselves -- they are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that's a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesn't explain all campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy can't absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-year-olds, either.

Some adventuresome educators and campus watches have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. Perhaps college doesn't make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things.26. The passage suggests that _______.

A) people used to question the value of educationB) people used to have full confidence in higher educationC) all high school graduates went to collegeD) very few high school graduates chose to go to college

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27. In the second paragraph, "those who don't fit the pattern" refers to _______.A) high school graduates who are not suitable for college educationB) college graduates who are selling shoes and driving taxiC) college students who aren't better for their higher educationD) high school graduates who failed to be admitted to college

28. The drop-out rate of college students seems to go up because _______. A) young people are disappointed with the conventional way of teachingB) many young people are required to join the armyC) young people have little motivation in pursuing a higher educationD) young people don't like the intense competition for admission to

graduate school29. According to the passage, the problem of college education partly arises from the fact that _______.

A) society can't provide enough jobs for properly trained college studentsB) high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college educationC) too many students have to earn their own livingD) college administrators encourage students to work hard

30. What can we infer from the passage?A) Cheating in school is on the rise.B) Some people concerned challenge the traditional view that college is

the best place for high school graduates.C) College administrators should be responsible for the increasing number

of drop-out.D) College education is not the first choice for intelligent people.

Passage Seven

If you are like most people, your intelligence varies from season to season. You are probably a lot brighter in the spring than you are at any other time of a year. A famous scientist, Ellsworth Huntington, concluded from other men's work and his own among peoples in different climates that climate and temperature have a definite effect on our mental abilities.

He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative thinking than is summer heat. This does not mean that all people are less intelligent in the summer than they are during the rest of the year. It does mean, however, that the mental abilities of large numbers of people tend to be lowest in the summer.

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Spring appears to be the best period of the year for thinking. One reason may be that in the spring man's mental abilities are affected by the same factors that bring about great changes in all nature.

Fall is the next-best season, then winter. As for summer, it seems to be a good time to take a long vacation from thinking!

31 Huntington based his conclusions on _______.A) the records of changes in his own intelligence B) the work with peoples in different climatesC) the records of temperature changesD) all of the above

32 Ellsworth Huntington decided that climate and temperature have _______.A) a clear effect on everyone's intelligenceB) some effect on most people's intelligenceC) effect on only a few people's intelligenceD) no effect on people's intelligence

33 One possible reason why spring is the best season for thinking is that _______.

A) all nature, including man, is growing thenB) it is longer than the other seasonsC) it is neither too warm nor too coldD) everyone words harder in the spring

34 According to the passage, summer is a good season for people _______.A) to do creative thinking B) to make a long journeyC) to have a rest D) to go in for outdoor activities

Passage Eight

Anna Douglas was 72 years old when she started writing her newspaper column. She had been the director of a school and a camp before she retired, but she needed to keep busy. She was even willing to work without pay. That was the reason why she found a volunteer job with an agency（代理处）. The agency that she chose to work for was a business that helped other businesses find jobs for old people. Every day she talked with other retired people like herself. By talking, she recognized two things. Old people also had abilities that were not being used. Old people also had problems-- mostly problems with

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communication.

Mrs. Douglas found a new purpose for herself. Through the years, from time to time, she had written stories about people for national magazines. Now there was a new subject: old people like herself. She began to write a newspaper column called "Sixty Plus", which focuses on getting old. She writes about the problems of old people, especially their problems with being misunderstood.

Anna Douglas uses her thinking ability to see the truth behind a problem. She understands the reasons why problems begin. She understands old people and young people, too. For example, one of her readers said that his grandchildren left the house as soon as he came to visit. Mrs. Douglas suggested some ways for him to understand his grandchildren. She told him to listen to young people's music and to watch the most popular television shows.

"It's important to know something about your grandchildren's world," says Mrs. Douglas. "That means questioning and listening, and listening is not what old people do best." She continues, "Say good things to them and about them. Never criticize your grandchildren or any other youngsters. Never tell them that they are wrong. Don't give them your opinion. They have been taught that they should have respect for old people. The old should have respect for the young as well." 35 Anna Douglas began writing her newspaper column _______.

A) when she worked as the director of a schoolB) after she became a businesswomanC) after she retiredD) before she found a volunteer job

36 Anna Douglas understands the problems of old people _______.A) because she likes their musicB) because she has grandchildren C) because she watches their television programsD) because she is old herself

37 Anna Douglas' newspaper column _______.A) is about how to find jobs for old peopleB) has ideas for youngstersC) discusses the problems of old peopleD) contains mostly funny stories

38 What advice did Mrs. Douglas give to the reader whose grandchildren

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didn't want to see him?A) Go to the concert more often with them.B) Give them some advice from time to time.C) Try to understand the young.D) Watch more popular TV shows.

39 According to Mrs. Douglas, old people need to learn _______.A) how to work B) how to listen C) how to criticize D) how to complain

40. The main point of Mrs. Douglas' advice (last paragraph) is that _______. A) old people should understand and respect the youngB) old people have a lot to learn from the youngC) poor hearing often causes old people to misunderstand the youngD) the young should show respect for the old

V. Cloze. There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.

Task One: If we view a science as a body of systematized knowledge, then chemistry is usually called a natural science because it (1) _______ knowledge of the natural world. (2) _______ we may wonder (3) _______ there is no complete system (4) _______ all of chemistry fits perfectly. Gaps in the present system, however, show that chemistry is still a (5) _______ subject and that we (6) _______ all of its facts, laws and theories. (7) _______, chemistry as a science is very much (8) _______ us today, and its future holds the bright promise (9) _______ much more to come.

Man's knowledge about himself and nature has grown into (10) _______ sciences. The growth of the separate sciences (11) _______ more developmental than intentional. The separation of the natural science into physical and biological sciences, and physical sciences into physics and chemistry, happily (12) _______ a larger body of knowledge into more manageable parts. At the same time we (13) _______ that the concepts, techniques and applications of the various sciences are interdependent and not exclusively a part of one science or (14) _______. In this (15) _______, chemistry is a key science (16) _______ the natural sciences because everyone,

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(17) _______ the area of natural science he wishes to pursue, (18) _______ at least an introduction to the principles and simpler application of chemistry as a foundation for his specialty.

Chemistry deals with the (19) _______ of matter, changes in matter, the laws and principles (20) _______ these changes, and the concepts and theories that interpret them.

1. A) is dealt with B) is connected C) is connected with D) deals2. A) At time B) At times C) Sometime D) At any time3. A) why B) where C) when D) how4. A) which B) of which C) into which D) on which5. A) interesting B) important C) necessary D) growing6. A) didn't discover B) had not discovered C) haven't yet discovered D) haven't discovered yet7. A) At the same time B) In the same way C) In other words D) By the way8. A) with B) for C) to D) of9. A) to B) of C) for D) in10. A) a lot of B) a kind of C) a variety of D) a set of11. A) was B) has been C) became D) have become12. A) breaks down B) breaks off C) breaks out D) breaks up13. A) should remember B) should remind C) should find D) should remain14. A) the other B) the next C) one another D) another15. A) way B) respect C) science D) time16. A) between B) about C) among D) around17. A) regardless of B) no matter how C) although D) even if18. A) needs B) orders C) asks D) permits19. A) quantities B) substance C) qualification D) properties20. A) described B) showed C) describing D) showing

Task TwoAn earthquake hit Kashmir on Oct. 8, 2005. it took some 75,000 lives,

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__ 1 __ 130,000 and left nearly 3.5 million without food, jobs or homes. __ 2 __ overnight, scores of tent villages bloomed __ 3 __ the region, tended by international aid organizations, military __ 4 __ and aid groups working day and night to shelter the survivors before winter set __ 5 __ .

Mercifully, the season was mild. But with the __ 6 __ of spring the refugees will be moved again. Camps that __ 7 __ health care, food and shelter for 150,000 survivors have begun to close as they were __ 8 __ intended to be permanent.

For most of the refugees, the thought of going back brings __ 9 __ emotions. The past six months have been difficult. Families of __ 10 __ many as 10 people have had to shelter __ 11 __ a single tent and share cookstoves and bathing __ 12 __ with neighbors. “They are looking forward to the clean water of their rivers,” officials say. “They are __ 13 __ of free fresh fruit. They want to get back to their herds and start __ 14 __ again.” But most will be returning to __ 15 __ but heaps of ruins. In many villages, electrical __ 16 __ have not been repaired, nor have roads. Aid workers __ 17 __ that it will take years to rebuild what the earthquake took __ 18 __ . And for the thousands of survivors, the __ 19 __ will never be complete.

Yet the survivors have to start somewhere. New homes can be built __ 20 __ the stones, bricks and beams of old ones. Spring is coming and it is a good time to start again.

1. A) injured

B) ruined

C) destroyed

D) damaged

2. A) Altogether

B) Almost

C) Scarcely

D) Surely

3. A) among

B) above

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C) amid

D) across

4. A) ranks

B) equipment

C) personnel

D) installations

5. A) out

B) in

C) on

D) forth

6. A) falling

B) emergence

C) arrival

D) appearing

7. A) strengthened

B) aided

C) transferred

D) provided

8. A) never

B) once

C) ever

D) yet

9. A) puzzled

B) contrasted

C) doubled

D) mixed

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10. A) like

B) as

C) so

D) too

11. A) by

B) below

C) under

D) with

12. A) facilities

B) instruments

C) implements

D) appliances

13. A) seeking

B) dreaming

C) longing

D) searching

14. A) producing

B) cultivating

C) farming

D) nourishing

15. A) anything

B) something

C) everything

D) nothing

16. A) lines

B) channels

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C) paths

D) currents

17. A) aside

B) away

C) up

D) evaluate

18. A) aside

B) away

C) up

D) out

19. A) reservation

B) retreat

C) replacement

D) recovery

20. A) from

B) through

C) upon

D) onto

Task ThreeKimiyuki Suda should be a perfect customer for Japan’s car-makers.

He’s a young, successful executive at an Internet-services company in Tokyo and has plenty of disposable 1 . He used to own Toyota’s Hilux Surf, a sport utility vehicle. But now he uses 2 subways and trains . “It’s not inconvenient at all ,” he says 3 , “having a car is so 20th century.”

Suda reflects a worrisome 4 in Japan; the automobile is losing its emotional appeal, 5 among the young ,who prefer to spend their money on the latest electronic devices. 6 mini-cars and luxury foreign brands are still popular ,everything in between is 7 .Last years sales fell 6.7 percent, 7.6 percent 8 you don’t count the mini-car market . There have been 9 one-year

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drops in other nations :sales in Germany fell 9 percent in 2007 10 a tax increase . But experts say Japan is 11 in that sales have been decreasing steadily 12 time. Since 1990, yearly new-car sales have fallen from 7.8 million to 5.4 million units in 2007.

Alarmed by this state of 13 , the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA) 14 a comprehensive study of the market in 2006. It found that a 15 wealth gap, demographic(人口结构的) changes and 16 lack of interest in cars led Japanese to hold their 17 longer , replace their cars with smaller ones 18 give up car ownership altogether .JAMA19 a further sales decline of 1.2 percent this year. Some experts believe that if the trend continues for much longer , further consolidation (合并 ) in the automotive sector is 20 .1. A) profit B) payment C) income D) budget2. A) mostly B) partially C) occasionally D) rarely3. A) Therefore B) Besides C) Otherwise D) Consequently4. A) drift B) tide C) current D) trend5. A) remarkably B) essentially C) specially D )particularly6. A) While B) Because C) When D) Since7. A) surging B) stretching C) slipping D) shaking8. A) unless B) if C) as D) after9. A) lower B) slighter C) broader D) larger10. A) liable to B) in terms of C) thanks to D) in view of11. A) unique B) similar C) mysterious D) strange12. A) over B) against C) on D) behind13. A) mess B) boom C) growth D) decay14. A) proceeded B)relieved C) launched D) revised15. A) quickening B) widening C) strengthening D) lengthening16. A) average B) massive C) abundant D) general17. A) labels B) cycles C) vehicles D) devices18. A) or B) until C) but D) then19. A) concludes B) predicts C) reckons D) prescribes20. A) distant B) likely C) temporary D) immediate

VI Translation Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet by translating

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into English the Chinese given in brackets. 1. _____________ (罐装食品 ) popular because they are already partially

prepared and cooked, can be stored without refrigeration for long periods, and are generally low in cost.

2. Fortunately ________(碰巧屋子里没人) at the time of the explosion.3. Sleep is a never ending task that has to be done at least once every couple

of days _______________(即使不用每天).4. _________________(除了美丽的容貌 )， there is quality about her that

makes her stand out from all the other girls in the class. 5. ________________(考虑到天气), we got here quite quickly. 6. Soon after he transferred to the new school , Ali found that he had (很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.

7. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary (就不会被大雨淋湿了).8. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are (更有可能增加体重).

9. . (很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.

10. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is (与缺乏锻炼密切相关)

11. ________________________ (如果河水没污染)，we would have raised fish in it.

12. He made a suggestion that ______________________ (我们明天一早离开).

13. China may face crisis if it does not _______________________(停止对自然资源的过度开采).

14. He always spends a little of his time to help _________________ (街坊那些残疾人和老年人).

15. ______________________(和其他同龄人比起来)，Jacob is much more talented in singing.

VII. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to our club. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:

Outline One:1）现在有一些大学生沉迷于网络游戏，家长和学校对此忧心忡忡

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2）但有人认为网络游戏并不是一无是处3）你对此的看法是……Outline Two:1）据调查显示，现在大学生每月的花销越来越高，很多大学生花钱如流水，根本没有节俭的概念2）分析产生这一现象的原因3）我的看法Outline Three1) 有人认为读书要有选择2) 有人认为应当博览群书3) 我的看法

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