ASIA-PACIFIC TELECOMMUNITY Document: The 2nd Meeting of the APT Conference Preparatory Group for WRC-19 (APG19-2)

APG19-2/INP-35

17 – 21 July 2017, Bali, Republic of Indonesia 10 July 2017

Iran (Islamic Republic of)

PRELIMINARY VIEWS ON WRC-19 AGENDA ITEMS 1.13, 1.16 &9.1(issue 9.1.8)

This document provides the preliminary views of the Islamic Republic of Iran on agenda items 1.13, 1.16 and 9.1(issue 9.1.8) of WRC-19 for discussion at the second meeting of the APT Preparatory Group for WRC-2019 (APG19-2) from 17 to 21 July 2017, in Bali, Republic of Indonesia.

These preliminary views are provisional and subject to any consideration until the final meeting of the APT Conference Preparatory Group to be held before WRC-19.

Agenda Item 1.13:

1.13 to consider identification of frequency bands for the future development of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT), including possible additional allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis, in accordance with Resolution 238 (WRC-15);Resolution 238 (WRC-15) – Studies on frequency-related matters for International Mobile Telecommunications identification including possible additional allocations to the mobile services on a primary basis in portion(s) of the frequency range between 24.25 and 86 GHz for the future development of International Mobile Telecommunications for 2020 and beyond

1. Background

Resolves of Resolution 238 (WRC-15) invite ITU-R: 1.1 to conduct and complete in time for WRC-19 the appropriate studies to determine the spectrum needs for the terrestrial component of IMT in the frequency range between 24.25 GHz and 86 GHz, taking into account:– technical and operational characteristics of terrestrial IMT systems that would

operate in this frequency range, including the evolution of IMT through advances in technology and spectrally efficient techniques;

– the deployment scenarios envisaged for IMT-2020 systems and the related requirements of high data traffic such as in dense urban areas and/or in peak times;

– the needs of developing countries;– the time-frame in which spectrum would be needed;

Contact: Alireza Darvishi MICT, CRA, I.R. of Iran. Mostafa Darabi & Roghayeh Joda Telecommunication Research Center, I.R. of Iran.

Email: darvishi@cra.ir

Email: mostafa.darabi@ut.ac.ir r.joda@itrc.ac.ir

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1.2 to conduct and complete in time for WRC-19 the appropriate sharing and compatibility studies1, taking into account the protection of services to which the band is allocated on a primary basis, for the frequency bands:– 24.25-27.5 GHz2, 37-40.5 GHz, 42.5-43.5 GHz, 45.5-47 GHz, 47.2-50.2 GHz,

50.4-52.6 GHz, 66-76 GHz and 81-86 GHz, which have allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis; and

– 31.8-33.4 GHz, 40.5-42.5 GHz and 47-47.2 GHz, which may require additional allocations to the mobile service on a primary basis,

2. Introduction

Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond were described in Recommendation ITU-R M.2083. IMT systems are now being evolved to provide diverse usage scenarios and applications such as enhanced mobile broadband, massive machine-type communications and ultra-reliable and low-latency communications. Ultra-low latency and very high bit rate applications of IMT will require larger contiguous blocks of spectrum than those available in frequency bands that are currently identified for use by administrations wishing to implement IMT. The properties of higher frequency bands, such as shorter wavelength, would better enable the use of advanced antenna systems including MIMO and beam-forming techniques in supporting enhanced broadband. Due to the relatively short-distance communication nature of frequencies above 24.25 GHz, small coverage areas such as hot-spots, in-building cells and micro cell are more suitable radiocommunication scenarios. WP 5D liaised to TG 5/1 the methods to calculate spectrum needs for the terrestrial component of IMT in the frequency range between 24.25 GHz and 86 GHz (Document 5-1/36-E). This document employed Recommendation ITU-R M.1651 that provides an acceptable outline for estimation of spectrum needs of IMT for 2020 in the frequency range 24.25-86 GHz.

3. Analysis of studies

The total bandwidth amounts with primary mobile service (MS) allocation that are under study by TG 5/1 for satisfaction of agenda item 1.13 is 29.45 GHz, consisting from 7.75 GHz in lower part (24.25-43.5 GHz) and 21.7 GHz in upper part (43.5-86 GHz). Moreover, for frequency bands without primary MS allocation, these figures are 3.6 GHz and 0.2 GHz for lower and upper parts, respectively. WP 5D provided TG 5/1 with the methodology and examples of spectrum needs as well as information on spectrum needs in some countries (Document 5-1/36-E). The summarized spectrum needs of administrations together with above figures repeated below for clarity:

Frequency ranges(designation)

24.25-43.5 GHz

(lower part)43.5-86 GHz(upper part) Total

Spectrum needs of some 2-6 GHz 5-10 GHz 7-16 GHz

1 Including studies with respect to services in adjacent bands, as appropriate.22 When conducting studies in the band 24.5-27.5 GHz, to take into account the need to ensure the protection of existing earth stations and the deployment of future receiving earth stations under the EESS (space-to-Earth) and SRS (space-to-Earth) allocation in the frequency band 25.5-27 GHz.

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administrations(as provided by Document 5-1/36-E)

Total partial

bandwidth

considered by Res.

238

Frequency bands having primary MS allocation

7.75 GHz 21.7 GHz 29.45 GHz

Frequency bands without primary MS allocation

3.6 GHz 0.2 GHz 3.8 GHz

The spectrum needs of those administrations that answered to WP 5D questionnaire, is readily about 7 GHz to 16 GHz, which is less than half of bandwidth under study, based on above table. Although it is premature to judge or guess on spectrum needs of all countries at this initial phase of studies, however it is almost clear that the real spectrum requirement of countries are considerably less than the amounts under the study by TG 5/1.

For the I.R. of IRAN there is similar issue and spectrum needs is considerably less than 33.25 GHz (29.4 GHz + 3.8 GHz).

4. I.R. of Iran's Preliminary Views

4.1. Considering above explanation and with the aim of facilitating APG work in efficient compilation of submitted contributions under agenda item 1.13, this Administration propose to invite member administrations to prepare their spectrum needs for each of frequency bands listed in the Resolution 238 (WRC-15), similar to what had been down already for preparation of APG work for agenda item 1.1 of WRC-15.

4.2. Moreover, this Administration supports ITU-R studies and is in view of:a) that any identification of frequency bands for IMT should take into account the use of the bands by other services and the evolving needs of these services;b) that there should be no additional regulatory or technical constraints imposed to services to which the band is currently allocated on a primary basis.Based on the ongoing activities in the ITU-R and studies being carried out, the above preliminary views may be updated, modified as well as amended.

Agenda Item 1.16:

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1.16 to consider issues related to wireless access systems, including radio local area networks (WAS/RLAN), in the frequency bands between 5 150 MHz and 5 925 MHz, and take the appropriate regulatory actions, including additional spectrum allocations to the mobile service, in accordance with Resolution 239 (WRC-15);Resolution 239 (WRC-15) – Studies concerning Wireless Access Systems including radio local area networks in the frequency bands between 5 150 MHz and 5 925 MHz

1. Background

Resolves of Resolution 239 (WRC-15), invite ITU-R: a) to study WAS/RLAN technical characteristics and operational requirements in the 5 GHz frequency range;b) to conduct studies with a view to identify potential WAS/RLAN mitigation techniques to facilitate sharing with incumbent systems in the frequency bands 5 150-5 350 MHz, 5 350-5 470 MHz, 5 725-5 850 MHz and 5 850-5 925 MHz, while ensuring the protection of incumbent services including their current and planned use;c) to perform sharing and compatibility studies between WAS/RLAN applications and incumbent services in the frequency band 5 150-5 350 MHz with the possibility of enabling outdoor WAS/RLAN operations including possible associated conditions;d) to conduct further sharing and compatibility studies between WAS/RLAN applications and incumbent services addressing:i) whether any additional mitigation techniques in the frequency band 5 350-

5 470 MHz beyond those analysed in the studies referred to in recognizing a) would provide coexistence between WAS/RLAN systems and EESS (active) and SRS (active) systems;

ii) whether any mitigation techniques in the frequency band 5 350-5 470 MHz would provide compatibility between WAS/RLAN systems and radiodetermination systems;

iii) whether the results of studies under points i) and ii) would enable an allocation of the frequency band 5 350-5 470 MHz to the mobile service with a view to accommodating WAS/RLAN use;

e) to also conduct detailed sharing and compatibility studies, including mitigation techniques, between WAS/RLAN and incumbent services in the frequency band 5 725-5 850 MHz with a view to enabling a mobile service allocation to accommodate WAS/RLAN use;f) to also conduct detailed sharing and compatibility studies, including mitigation techniques, between WAS/RLAN and incumbent services in the frequency band 5 850-5 925 MHz with a view to accommodating WAS/RLAN use under the existing primary mobile service allocation while not imposing any unacceptable constraints on the existing services,

2. Introduction

As specified in RR No. 5.446A, the frequency bands 5 150-5 250 MHz, 5 250-5 350 MHz and 5 470-5 725 MHz are allocated to the mobile service on a primary basis for the implementation of WAS/RLAN applications in accordance with Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-12). Based on estimation indicated in recognizing b) of Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-12), the minimum spectrum need for WAS/RLAN in the 5 GHz frequency range in the year 2018 is at 880 MHz; this figure includes 455-580 MHz already utilized by non-IMT mobile broadband applications operating within the 5 GHz range resulting in 300-425 MHz additional spectrum being required.

The compatibility studies performed by ITU-R in preparation for WRC-15 indicated that when assuming the use of WAS/RLAN mitigation measures limited to the regulatory provisions of

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Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-12), sharing between WAS/RLAN and the EESS (active) systems in the frequency band 5 350 to 5 470 MHz may not be feasible, as well as being insufficient to ensure protection of certain radar types in this frequency band. For these cases, sharing may only be feasible if additional WAS/RLAN mitigation measures are implemented. However, no agreement was reached on the applicability of any additional WAS/RLAN mitigation techniques. No studies were agreed for the frequency band 5 725-5 850 MHz. As such, WRC-15 concluded no change (NOC) for these frequency bands and established a WRC-19 agenda item to continue the work.

3. Analysis of studies

This Administration would like to draw attention of APG to the following outcome of studies which are presented within the ongoing working document of WP 5A (Annex 10 to Document 5A/469-E):

Previous ITU-R sharing studies show that sharing between RLAN and the EESS (active) systems in the 5 350-5 470 MHz frequency band would not be feasible unless additional RLAN mitigation measures are implemented. After further study of currently available mitigation measures, study results show that there are no feasible mitigation techniques to facilitate sharing between RLAN and EESS (active) in this band.

The regulatory provisions in the 5 150-5 350 MHz and 5 470-5 725 MHz frequency ranges contained in Resolution 229 (Rev.WRC-12) are insufficient to ensure protection of certain radar types in the 5 350-5 470 MHz frequency band. After further study of currently available mitigation measures, study results show that there are no feasible mitigation techniques to facilitate sharing between RLAN and the different radar systems in the 5350-5470 MHz frequency band.

Moreover, studies are continuing regarding the affordability and feasibility of proposed mitigation techniques to fix the harmful interference which WAS/RLAN could potentially create into incumbent services in the frequency band 5 850-5 925 MHz.

4. I.R of Iran's Preliminary Views

Referring to the related ongoing activities of WP 5A and the wide use of other services that the relevant frequency bands were already allocated, this Administration is in view of:

Any mitigation technique proposed under AI 1.16 as a possible measure to facilitate compatibility between RLAN and FSS should be accompanied by a clear implementation step a) to ensure its efficiency, effectiveness and its practicality of use, b) such technique should be implementable without any technical, logistical and operational burden to the Administrations/Operators of incumbent services/applications to which the bands are allocated. Administration operates RLAN should undertake due diligence to fully respect the above mentioned conditions and course of action.

Use of the band 5 850-5 925 MHz, should not impose any unacceptable constraints on existing services such as FSS (particularly space station receivers) and other existing applications under the mobile service such as ITS.

Based on the ongoing activities in the ITU-R and studies being carried out, the above preliminary views may be updated, modified as well as amended.

Agenda Item 9.1(issue 9.1.8):Issue 3) in the Annex to Resolution 958 (WRC-15)Urgent studies required in preparation for the 2019 World Radiocommunication Conference

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3) Studies on the technical and operational aspects of radio networks and systems, as well as spectrum needed, including possible harmonized use of spectrum to support the implementation of narrowband and broadband machine-type communication infrastructures, in order to develop Recommendations, Reports and/or Handbooks, as appropriate, and to take appropriate actions within the ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) scope of work.

1. Background

Machine-type communications (MTC), which are also known as machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, describe communication between devices which do not require human intervention. An increasingly large number of M2M devices, with a range of performance and operational requirements, are expected to communicate due to further improvements of low cost and low complexity device types. For example, according to Recommendation ITU-R M.2083, “it is envisioned that future wireless systems will, to a larger extent, also be used in the context of M2M communications, for instance in the field of traffic safety, traffic efficiency, smart grid, e-health, wireless industry automation, augmented reality, remote tactile control and tele-protection, requiring high reliability techniques.”As these MTC are expected to grow rapidly, WRC-15 decided within Agenda Item (AI) 9.1 as Issue 9.1.8 that urgent studies should be carried out “to support the implementation of narrowband and broadband MTC infrastructures”. In addition to these studies, there are several other relevant ITU-R Resolutions including Resolution ITU-R 66 “Studies related to wireless systems and applications for the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Resolution ITU-R 542 “Studies to achieve harmonization for short-range devices”. Resolution ITU-R 66 recognizes “that IoT is a concept encompassing various platforms, applications, and technologies that are, and will continue to be, implemented under a number of radiocommunication services”. Within ITU-R, Working Party 5D is the responsible group for the preparation of CPM Text for AI 9.1.8 and Working Parties 1B and 5A are concerned groups. WP 5D has started the consideration of AI 9.1.8. The work on MTC infrastructures under AI 9.1.8 coincides with the studies proposed to be conducted within WP 5D on the use of terrestrial IMT by other industry sectors. At the meeting of WP 5D in June 2016 it was decided to focus the work on the new Report ITU-R M.[IMT.BY.INDUSTRIES] and consider on a later stage, which elements from this study could be used for AI 9.1.8. Currently, only general information has been incorporated to the working document towards draft CPM text for WRC-19 Issue 9.1.8. During the 25th meeting of WP 5D in October 2016 the contribution Doc.5D/234 has proposed to harmonize 733-736/788-791 MHz bands for MTC. This proposal has not been endorsed by the meeting, but new studies have been initiated to address technical and operational aspects of IMT radio networks, as well as the spectrum needs, and possible harmonized use of spectrum on Narrowband and Broadband IMT MTC. At the 25th meeting WP 5D agreed to consider non-IMT technologies in the purview of WPs 1B and 5A related to MTC based on contribution Doc.5D/167. As a result the liaison statement to WPs 1B and 5A has been prepared to invite them to contribute material for draft CPM text for WRC-19 issue 9.1.8. WPs 1B and 5A have sent initial replies already, but without any specific proposals so far. The topic of IMT and non-IMT technologies for MTC has been thoroughly discussed during ITU-R workshop on “Spectrum management for IoT deployment” in conjunction with the ITU-R Study Groups 1 and 5 meetings at the 22nd November 2016. Based on the discussion during the workshop it could be noted that the variety of IoT applications could be already addressed by short range devices and IMT networks, however critical applications in MTC may require further consideration beyond general framework of short range devices and IMT. One example of such applications is transport sector. In this regard Issue 9.1.8 may be interrelated with the studies under AIs 1.11 and 1.12 for railroad communications and ITS, accordingly. In addition, it should be mentioned that during the workshop ASMG representative has presented

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aforementioned proposal to harmonize 733-736/788-791 MHz bands for MTC and ATU representative has also mentioned the consideration of such proposal.

2. DiscussionIMT systems are now being evolved to provide diverse usage scenarios and applications such as enhanced mobile broadband, massive MTC and ultra-reliable and low-latency communications. Massive MTC and broadband M2M communication will require larger contiguous blocks of spectrum than those available in sub-6 GHz frequency bands that are currently identified for IMT services. Thus, for IMT-based implementation of massive M2M communications, it may be suitable to examine higher frequency bands such as millimeter wave bands suggested in AI. 1.13 (Portions of the frequency range between 24.25 and 86 GHz). By exploiting millimeter wave frequency spectrum, the transmitter and receiver size will be reduced which results in cheaper and smaller sensors and machines in the M2M communication network. Therefore, the cost of implementing MTC via IMT in millimeter wave is dramatically decreased. Furthermore, the path loss of millimeter wave is significantly larger than the sub 6 GHz frequencies, and thus, by adopting millimeter wave, the frequency resources can be reused in a short range and the interference issues can be handled more efficiently. Such millimeter wave identification shall be supported by ITU-R Study Groups, under the conditions that the existing services and their future development shall be fully protected. Furthermore, adopting millimeter wave for M2M communication shall not put any unacceptable constrains to the incumbent services to which the band is currently allocated including their future development without any additional constrains.To this effect, according to the recommendation ITU-R M.2376, one of the pervasive deployment scenarios of the IMT 2020 is overlay small cell architecture, in which by leveraging the existing macro cell deployment, millimetric wave small cells are rolled out on top of the existing network to form the overlay network architecture. Together with much wider bandwidth available, millimetric wave small cell deployment can provide area throughput, scalability, and number of connected machines on magnitude orders higher than the existing macro cell networks. With the introduction of MTC, networks will be obliged to manage large numbers of heterogeneous machine type devices (MTD). There are many ways to connect devices directly to the IMT 2020. Moreover, they can also connect with the help of the capillary networks using short range radio to extend the IMT 2020 network coverage. If we want to manage those devices in the similar fashion as that of mobile phones, then we need to use MTD Gateways. MTD Gateways acts as a bridge and connects other networks with the IMT 2020 system. Capillary networks are a smart way to connect the billions of things and devices that need connectivity. In order to optimize the network usage, it automatically manages the connectivity between devices and gateways in the network. This technology supports short-range radio technologies, which are easy to deploy with different topologies, such as star and mesh for example Bluetooth, Wi-Fi and IEEE 802.15.4.In the proposed capillary architecture, the MTDs send their information to the MTD Gateway via short range technologies such as Bluetooth, ZigBee, IEE 802.15.4, and etc. In addition, the MTD Gateway transmits data to the small cell base station using millimeter wave frequency bands. MTD Gateways are fixed installations, and therefore the directionality (steering) characteristic of the millimeter wave in the link between MTD Gateway and the small cell base station can be compensated. Effectively managing resource allocation in such a complex massive M2M network warrants a fundamental shift from the traditional centralized mechanisms towards the self-organizing optimizing approaches. The need for this shift is motivated by practical factors such as increased network density and the need for low-latency communications. In consequence, there is a need for self-organizing systems in which small cell base stations and even devices can have some intelligence to make resource management decisions rapidly.

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The centralized optimization techniques for resource allocation can provide optimal solutions. However, they often require global network information and centralized control, thus yielding significant overhead and complexity. Moreover, centralized optimization may not be able to properly handle the challenges that emerge in the massive MTC and heterogeneous small cell wireless environments in IMT 2020. The aforementioned limitations of the centralized optimization have led to the use of decentralized resource allocation scheme such as non-cooperative games, message passing graph theory, auction theory, and etc. for the wireless resource allocations.

3. I.R. of IRAN's Preliminary ViewsConsidering the ongoing related studies of WP 5D activities, this administration is in view of:

Supporting studies on the technical and operational aspects of radio networks and systems, as well as spectrum needed, including possible harmonized use of spectrum to support the implementation of narrowband and broadband MTC infrastructures, in order to develop Recommendations, Reports and/or Handbooks, as appropriate.

Introduction of any MTC to the frequency bands, shall not put additional constrain on applications that are in operation or planned to operate in future in accordance with the table of frequency allocations.

Should APT support identification of spectrum for M2M, it would more appropriate to consider higher frequency bands, such as parts of those bands referred to in AI. 1.13 perhaps, upper parts of 24 GHZ band, or above, as appropriate. However, such identification should be based on the results of studies yet to be done, by ITU-R for the reasons mentioned above.

This preliminary view may be changed, modified and updated as results of ongoing studies in the ITU-R and other regional organizations.

Editor's Note:See another contribution on AI. 1.13, which was submitted for the APG 19-2 meeting in July 2017. Based on the ongoing activities in the ITU-R and studies being carried out, the above preliminary views may be updated, modified as well as amended.

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