Vietnam’s Energy Efficiency Building Blocks: Technical Standards and Guidelines to Support Vietnam’s Building Energy Efficiency Code and Related Policies

MARK HALVERSON, SHA YU, MEREDYDD EVANS, LINH VU

April 25, 2017 1

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

BackgroundMethodologyReview of reference standards and guidelines in VBEECOptions for referencing international standards and guidelines

Single country approachCase-by-case analysis

Synchronization of OTTV guidelinesRecommendations for developing reference standardsResources

Outline

April 25, 2017 2

Buildings are the Largest Energy Consumer in Vietnam

April 25, 2017 3Source:IEAEnergyStatisticsforNon-OECDCountries(2012edition)

BuildingsarecurrentlythelargestenergyconsumingsectorinVietnam!

The Vietnam Building Energy Efficiency Code (VBEEC), introduced by MOC in 2013, could result in at least 30-40% buildings energy savings, provided good implementation.For VBEEC and other energy efficiency policies, having reference standards and guidelines is critical for ease and consistency of implementation.

Benefits of building energy codes

Reduced energy consumption by approximately 0.5-quadrillion Btu per year by 2015,and 3.5-quadrillionBtu per yearby 2030.

Rising cost savingsmore than $4 billion

per year back inhomeowners’ pockets by 2015, a figure that could rise to over $30 billion per year by 2030

Reduced CO2 emissionsby roughly 3 percent in terms of

the projected national CO2emissions in 2030.

Source:www.energycodes.gov 4April 25, 2017

Building Energy Codes in the U.S.

ASHRAEStandard90.1

InternationalEnergyConservationCode

StateandLocallyAdoptedCodes

April 25, 2017 5Source:www.energycodes.gov

Referenced Standards in Codes

April 25, 2017 6

Amodelcodeestablishedminimumqualityandperformancecriteria.

Thereferencedstandardsareanenforceableextensionofthecode.

IECC2012Chapter5ReferencedStandards

Standardsforbuildingmaterialsandthebuiltenvironmentarealsothefoundationofmostbuildingenergyefficiencypolicies.

Review of Reference Standards and Guidelines in VBEEC

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ExamineVBEECrequirementbyrequirement,toreviewstandardsandguidelinescurrentlybeingreferenced,andtoidentifyrequirementsthatshouldhaveareferencedstandard.

ProviderecommendationsregardingwhichstandardsandguidelinesmightbereferencedandincludedinthenextVBEECversion,andsuggestapproachoptions.

RecommendtoprioritizestandardsthataremostrelevanttoVietnam’sclimate,marketandconstructionpractices(especiallySHGCstandard).

VBEEC currently references a mix of standards/guidelines from different countries

April 25, 2017 8

U.S.

Vietnam

GermanInternational

toberenamed(AHRI)outdated

nolongerexists

VBEECcurrentlyreferencesamixofstandards/guidelinesfromdifferentcountries,manyofwhichareoutdatedornolongerexist.

Reference standards/guidelines could help implement VBEEC

9

Section Topic Comments

2.1.2(1),2.1.2(2)

ExteriorWallUo,max andRoofUo NoreferenceforcalculatingU-factorsforenvelopeassemblieswithmulti-dimensionalheattransfer

2.1.2(3)(b)

OverallThermalTransferValue(OTTV)

No testmethodsforwindowandskylightU-factor(requiredforOTTVcalculation)

2.1.2(3)(c) OverallThermalTransferValue(OTTV)

NodescriptionorguidelinesforOTTVcalculation

2.1.2(4) SolarHeatGainCoefficient(SHGC)andVisibleLightTransmittance(VLT)

NotestmethodsforSHGCandVLT

2.5.2 Electricmotorefficacy Notestmethodforelectricmotorefficacy

2.6.2 Water-heatingequipmentefficacy

Onlysomewaterequipmentshaveteststandard (DIN4702-1),andthisstandard nolongerexists;noteststandardsforotherequipments

2.6.2 HeatPumpWater-heatingequipmentefficacy

Noteststandardforheatpumpwaterheaters

Severalrequirementsaremissingreferencestandards/guidelinesandtestmethods.

Options for Referencing Standards and Guidelines

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Twooptions:-- Singlecountryapproach-- Case-by-caseanalysis

Options for Referencing: Single Country Approach (U.S. examples)

11

Section Topic Suggestions

1.3 NormativeReferences UpdateARIreferencestoAHRI. AddAHRI551/591.ReplaceASHRAE90.1-2001and90.1-2004withASHRAE90.1-2013.

2.1.2(1),2.1.2(2)

ExteriorWallUo,max andRoofUo Add ASTMC1363-11forcalculatingU-factorsforenvelopeassemblieswithmulti-dimensionalheattransfer

2.1.2(3)(b)

OverallThermalTransferValue(OTTV) AddNFRC100-2014forcalculationofwindowandskylightU-factor

2.1.2(3)(c) OverallThermalTransferValue(OTTV) DevelopasingleOTTVguidelineandsoftware

2.1.2(4) SolarHeatGainCoefficient(SHGC)andVisibleLightTransmittance(VLT)

Add NFRC200-2014

2.5.2 Electricmotorefficacy AddNEMAMG-1

2.6.2 Water-heatingequipmentefficacy Add10CFR430SubpartEandANSIZ21.10.3-2014

2.6.2 HeatPumpWater-heatingequipmentefficacy

Add10CFR430SubpartE

Options for Referencing: Case-by-Case Analysis

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Rigor

Climate

Market

DoesVietnamimportalargeshareofconstructionmaterialsinthiscategoryfromagivencountryorregion?

Isthestandardrelevantforatropicalclimate,orforawiderangeofclimaticconditions?

Howrigorousisthestandard?

Alternatively, referencing standards from multiple countries on a case-by-case basis is also a feasible approach.

Options for Referencing: Case-by-Case Analysis (Examples)

April 25, 2017 13

Consideringmarketsharesofconstructionmaterialsandequipments:• Constructionmaterials(cement,tiles,bricks,etc.)aremostlydomesticallyproduced->DevelopVietnamesestandardsforconstructionmaterials.

• ConstructionglassimportsaremostlyfromChinaandASEANcountries->ChineseorASEANstandardsforglazingwouldbemorerelevant.

Consideringclimateconditions:• NFRC100(forratingwindowandskylightU-factors)assumesU.S.climates,whichistypicallycooler->VietnameseversionofNFRC100couldbeuseful.

Consideringrigor:• U.S.andEuropeanstandardsusedifferentmethodsforcalculatingthermaltransmittanceandwouldresultindifferentU-values->Needtoconsiderrobustnessofstandardscasebycase.

Synchronization of OTTV guidelines

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VBEEC Section 2.1.2(3)(c): “OTTV values are determined using prevailing standards and technical guidelines.”

There are multiple OTTV versions and software being independently developed (VBEEC User Guide, VGBC, VACEE, etc.)

Standardizing a single set of instructions for OTTV calculations and develop a single OTTV software would greatly facilitate VBEEC implementation.

Recommendations on Standards Development

April 25, 2017 15

HighPriority(directly

influencescoolingload)

• IncludeSHGCandVLTratingstandard• UpdateARIreferencestoAHRIreferences• UpdateASHRAEreferencestolatestversion

Mediumpriority(directlyinfluences

envelopeheattransfer,moderateimpacton

cooling)

• IncludewindowandskylightU-factorratingstandard

• DevelopofficialOTTVguideline• DevelopofficialOTTVsoftware

Lowpriority(directly

influenceotherbuildingloads)

• Includeroofandwallassemblytestingstandardsforassembliescontainingmulti-dimensionalheattransfer

• Includetestingstandardforelectricmotorefficacy

• Includetestingstandardforwaterheaterefficacy

GivenVietnam’stropicalclimate,standardsrelatedtocoolingmeasuresneedtobegivenpriority.

April 25, 2017 16

Questions?

Thank you!

Resources

April 25, 2017 17

Vietnam’s Energy Efficiency Building Blocks: Recommended Priorities for Technical Standards and Guidelines to Support Vietnam’s Building Energy Efficiency Code and Related Policies (PNNL-24478).

ANSIZ21.10.3-2014 – Gas Water Heater, Volume 3, Storage, with Input Ratings above 75,000 Btu/h, Circulating and Instantaneous Water Heaters – Available at http://webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ANSI%20Z21.10.3-2014%2FCSA%204.3-2014&source=google&adgroup=ansi&gclid=CjwKEAjwj9GqBRCRlPram97Xk3ESJADrN7Ieee2fgoNNMINNjMAropb1lpBj4d6dzylccQKIfSCcRBoCinnw_wcB.

Resources

April 25, 2017 18

ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2013 – Energy Standard for Buildings except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. Latest version of Standard 90.1 available in read-only format at https://ashrae.iwrapper.com/ViewOnline/Standard_90.1-2013_I-P.

ASTMC1363-11 - Standard Test Method for the Thermal Performance of Building Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus – Available at http://www.astm.org/Standards/C1363.htm.

ENEN 673 Glass in Building – Determination of Thermal Transmittance (U Value) – Calculation Method – Available at http://www.nbn.be/en/catalogue/standard/nbn-en-673-0.

Resources

April 25, 2017 19

AHRI340/360-2007 - Performance Rating of Commercial and Industrial Unitary Air-Conditioning and Heat Pump Equipment – Available at http://www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/standards%20pdfs/ANSI%20standards%20pdfs/ANSI%20AHRI%20Standard%20340-360-2007%20with%20Addenda%201%20and%202.pdf. 365-2009 - Commercial and Industrial Unitary Air-Conditioning Condensing Units – Available at http://www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/standards%20pdfs/ANSI%20standards%20pdfs/ANSI.AHRI_Standard_365_(I-P)-2009.pdf. 550/590-2011 - Performance Rating of Water-Chilling and Heat-Pump Water-Heating Packages Using the Vapor Compression Cycle – Available at http://www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/standards%20pdfs/AHRI%20standards%20pdfs/AHRI%20Standard%20550-590%20(I-P)-2011.pdf. 551/591 (SI) - Performance Rating of Water-Chilling and Heat-Pump Water-Heating Packages Using the Vapor Compression Cycle – Available at http://www.ahrinet.org/App_Content/ahri/files/standards%20pdfs/ANSI%20standards%20pdfs/ANSI.AHRI%20Standard%20551-591%20(SI)%20with%20Addendum%203.pdf.

Resources

April 25, 2017 20

ISOISO 10077-1 Thermal Performance of Windows, Doors and Shutters –Calculation of Thermal Transmittance – Part 1: General – Available at http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=67090.ISO 10077-2 Thermal Performance of Windows, Doors and Shutters –Calculation of Thermal Transmittance – Part 2: Numerical Method for Fames – Available at http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=64995.ISO 15099 Thermal Performance of Windows, Doors and Shading Devices – Detailed Calculations – Available at http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=26425.

Resources

April 25, 2017 21

NEMAMG-1-2006 – Motors and Generators – Available at https://www.nema.org/Standards/Pages/Motors-and-Generators.aspx.

NFRCNFRC 100-2014 - Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product U-Factors –Available at http://www.nfrccommunity.org/store/view_product.asp?id=1380591. NFRC 200-2014 - Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product Solar Heat Gain Coefficients and Visible Transmittance at Normal Incidence – Available at http://www.nfrccommunity.org/store/view_product.asp?id=1402116.

U,S, Code of Federal Regulation10 CFR 430 Subpart B, Appendix E - Uniform Test Method for Measuring the Energy Consumption of Water Heaters – Available at http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=563966991ccb5fd100498a238428bf02&mc=true&node=ap10.3.430_127.e&rgn=div9.