VIE: STRENGTHENING WATER MANAGEMENT AND …

External Resettlement Monitoring Report

Project No. 42080

Semestral Report

Mission 6 – Additional mission in June, 2016

VIE: STRENGTHENING WATER MANAGEMENT

AND IRRIGATION SYSTEMS REHABILITATION

PROJECT

Subproject: Construction of Nghi Xuyen Pumping Station in Hung Yen province

Prepared by: The External Monitoring Agency (EMA) – Ha Long Investment and Consulting JSC. (Halcom) for the Central Project Office (CPO) Under the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB).

Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project, ADB Loan 2636 – VIE (SF)

Resettlement Monitoring Report - Mission 6 and additional monitoring mission

2

Ha Long Investment and Consulting JSC ( Halcom)

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(As of 23th March 2016 at Vietcombank)

Currency unit – VND

$1.00 = VND 22,300

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

m (Meter) – Is the base unit of length

m2 (Square meter) – A system of units used to measure areas

m3 (Volume) – A system of units used to measure the spaces, that an object or substance occupies.

kg (Kilogram) – A decimal unit of weight based on the gram



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ABBREVIATIONS

ADB Asian Development Bank

AH Affected household

AP Affected person

BHH Bac Hung Hai

CPMO Central Project Management Office

CPO Central Project Office

CPC Commune Peoples’ Committee

DARD Department of Agriculture and Rural Development

DOLISA Department of Labor, Invalids and Social Assistance

DCARC District Compensation, Assistance, Resettlement Committee

DMS Detailed Measurement Survey

DONRE Department of Natural Resources and Environment

DPC District Peoples’ Committee

EA Executing Agency

EMA External Monitoring Agency

IOL Inventory of Losses

LURC Land Use Rights Certificate

MOLISA Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Assistance

MONRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment

MARD Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development

PPC Provincial Peoples’ Committee

CPO Project management unit

RF Resettlement Framework

RP Resettlement Plan

SES Socio-Economic Survey

VND Vietnamese dong

VWU Viet Nam Women’s Union

WRU Water Resources University



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This resettlement monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.



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CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................... 3

I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 6

I.1. Overview of Project ............................................................................................. 6

I.2. Project impact scope ........................................................................................... 8

II. MONITORING METHODS AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS .................... 14

II.1. Methodology .................................................................................................... 14

II.2. Monitoring procedures ..................................................................................... 16

III. MONITORING RESULTS ............................................................................................. 16

III.1. Inventory of loss .............................................................................................. 19

III.2. Compensation plans ....................................................................................... 19

III.3. Resettlement for displaced households ........................................................... 27

III.4. Income and living restoration .......................................................................... 27

III.5. Complaints and grievance redress .................................................................. 28

III.6. Synthesis of incurred issues found in the 6th monitoring mission and additional monitoring ............................................................................................................... 29

III.7. Assessment of the people’s level of satisfaction for the project ....................... 29

IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................. 29

IV.1. Conclusions .................................................................................................... 29

IV.2. Recommendations .......................................................................................... 30

APPENDIX: Some pictures in the survey of Nghi Xuyen Pumping Station in March 2014 .................................................................................................................................. 32



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I. INTRODUCTION

I.1. Overview of Project

1. The Strengthening Water Management and Irrigation Systems Rehabilitation Project

funded by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and the French Development Agency was

ratified by the Government of Vietnam in the Project Portfolio in Decision No. 2272/TTg -

HTQT dated 18/11/2009. The Project takes effect as of 7/9/2011 and the project loan

closing date is 31/12/2016. The project is implemented in three provinces: Bac Ninh, Hai

Duong and Hung Yen.

2. The project consists of three major components:

• Component 1- Construction of new campus for Water Resource University

(WRU): The project will support a major portion in the first phase of establishing the

new campus in Pho Hien area for the Water Resource University, comprising a well-

balanced, functional mix of educational facilities sufficient for 13,400 students and

dormitories for 30% - 50% of them by 2016.

• Component 2 - Strengthening capacity of BHH service providers: The project

will strengthen the capacity of water management organizations through out BHH

area, including strengthening the capacity and establishing the supervisory control

and data acquisition (SCADA) system.

• Component 3 - Construction and Rehabilitation of BHH Irrigation and Drainage

Infrastructure: The project will support the construction of 08 new Pumping

Stations and rehabilitation of two existing Pumping Stations for irrigation, drainage

and dual purposes in the BHH system.

3. The project consists of 11 subprojects, covering three provinces of Hai Duong, Bac

Ninh and Hung Yen; two subprojects: Rehabilitating My Dong Pumping Station - Hai Duong

province and Upgrading Vang Canal II - Bac Ninh province have no resettlement impact.



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Table 1: Locations of the sub-projects

No. Subproject list

Hung Yen province

1. Construction of Chua Tong new Pumping Station - Thanh Long commune and Trung Hung commune – Yen My district

2. Construction of Lien Nghia new Pumping Station - Lien Nghia commune - Van Giang district

3. Construction of Nghi Xuyen new Pumping Station - Thanh Cong commune and Chi Tan commune - Khoai Chau district

4. Construction of new campus of Water Resources University - Nhat Tan commune and An Vien commune - Tien Lu district

Hai Duong province

5. Construction of Doan Thuong new Pumping Station - Doan Thuong commune and Toan Thang commune - Gia Loc district

6. Upgrading Cau Dua Pumping Station - Van To commune - Tu Ky district

7. Construction of Co Ngua new Pumping Station - Van Giang commune - Ninh Giang district

8. Rehabilitating My Dong Pumping Station

Bac Ninh city

9. Construction of Phu My new Pumping Station - Dinh To commune - Thuan Thanh district.

10. Construction of Nhat Trai new Pumping Station - Minh Tan commune, Trung Xa commune - Luong Tai district.

11. Upgrading Vang canal II - Trung Kenh commune - Luong Tai district.

4. Based on the MARD’s Decision No.395/QD-BNN-HTQT on Feb 11, 2010 on the

approval of the investment project "Strengthening Irrigation Management and Improvement

of Irrigation System"; Decision No.1396/QD-BNN-TCTL on June 14, 2012 on the approval

of the Nghi Xuyen Pumping Station Subproject in ADB5. Nghi Xuyen Pumping Station is

designed for the drainage for 8274ha in Chau Giang River Sub-region including: Binh Minh,

Yen Phu, Yen Hoa, Da Trach, Tan Dan, Ham Tu, An Vi, Tu Dan, Dong Ket, Ong Dinh, Binh

Kieu, Lien Khe, Phung Hung, Dai Hung, Thuan Hung, Chi Tan, Thanh Cong and Khoai

Chau town, Chau Giang district, Hung Yen province. The Pumping Station consists of 11

units, with the total capacity of 55 m3/s. In addition, the Sub-project also includes the



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culverts through the channel items, 22KV high voltage line with 15.5 km long, substations,

and administration buildings.

I.2. Project impact scope

I.2.1. Impact scope by original works (implementation phase)

5. As stated in the IMO’s 1st and 2nd monitoring reports, the construction of Nghi

Xuyen Pumping Station affected 137 households and 02 PC head offices of Thanh Cong

and Chi Tan communes. 78 households were affected less than 10% of their total

agricultural land; 59 households were affected more than 10% of their total agricultural land

and there were no displaced households. Among 137 households, there are 37 households

whose land hired from the commune-managing land was affected and 74 and 27

households whose agriculture land was affected permanently and temporarily. There is only

01 household whose land is affected both permanently and temporarily. The details of

impacts are as follows:

Table 2: Impact on households of original works

No. Commun

e

Numbe

r of

APs

Numbe

r of

AHs

Numbe

r of

severel

y AHs

Number

of

marginal

ly AHs

Number

of

vulnerab

le AHs

Number of

permanent

ly affected

HHs

Number

of

temporaril

y affected

HHs

1 Chi Tan 248 54 16 38 3 18 27

2 Thanh

Cong 430 83 43 40 16 56 0

Total 678 137 59 78 19 74 27

Source: DCARC’s data – March, 2013

6. Impact on land: Nghi Xuyen Pumping Station Subproject will impact 154,725.4m2, in

which the permanent land acquisition is 120,167.6 m2 and the temporary land acquisition is

34,557.8 m2. There is no impact on residential land in this Subproject. The details are in the

following table:

Table 3: Land area temporarily and permanently affected by subproject

Unit

Affected land

Permanently Temporarily Total

Production/Agricultural land m2 30,638.6 9,516.8 40,155.4

Residential and garden land m2 0 0 0

Agricultural land managed by the commune, aquaculture land,

m2 89,529 25,041 114,570



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Unit

Affected land

Permanently Temporarily Total

irrigation land

Total m2 120,167.6 34,557.8 154,725.4

Source: DCARC’s data – March, 2013

7. Affected assets: Most of affected assets were crops and plantings. There are about

5,085 trees including banana, bamboo, eucalyptus. The total affected area of crops and

trees is 146,688m2. Besides, there were 04 affected households whose assets like

temporary works, yard, water reservoirs, drilled well, fish pond etc. were affected.

I.2.2. Impact Scope by Additional Works

8. Additional Works include “Construction of 22KV transmission line for Nghi Xuyen

pumping station in Hung Yen Province” and “Dredging and widening the canal ditch and

building some construction works on the canal ditch leading to Nghi Xuyen pumping

station”. Impacts by those 2 additional works are summarized as the follows

I. 2.2.1. Impact on households

9. The additional works and electric line affect 207 HHs. Most of these AHs are

marginally affected, only 05 AHs are affected severely due to relocation and only 02 AHs

are affected severely due to losing more than 10% of productive land holding (one AH

losses 13.01%, and 01 AH losses 13.66% of productive land). There is no ethnic minority

living in the subproject area. No households belong to vulnerable group. Details are shown

in Table 4.



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Table 4: Impacts on households of additional works and electric line

No.

Commune Number of AHs

Number of APs

Number of severely Ahs

Number of marginally AHs

Losing > = 10% of productive land-holding

Relocation

Partially affected agricultural. land

Partially

affected

residential

land

Only affected

non- land

assets

1 Chi Tan 40 172 0 0 24 2 10

2 Thanh Cong

15 65 0 0 2 0 12

3 Thuan Hung

21 90 1 5 7 7 9

4 Tan Dan 29 125 1 0 23 0 3

5 Ong Dinh 11 47 0 0 7 0 5

6 An Vi 6 26 0 0 0 0 6

7 Khoai Chau 9 39 0 0 0 0 9

8 Phung Hung 54

232 0 0 46 0 9

9 Dai Hung 22 95 0 0 20 0 2

Total 207 890 2 5 129 9 65

Source: DMS data and results of Socio-economic survey provided by DRC – April 2016

I.2.2.2. Impacts on lands

I. 2.2.2.1. Permanent impacts on land

10. The implementation of additional works and the erection of electric line in Nghi

Xuyen sub-project acquires a total of 21,240.60m2 of land, including 1,081m2 of residential

land, 1,112.58m2 of agricultural land, 19,047.02m2 of the public land comprising of:

1,847.30m2 of transport/ irrigation and aquaculture land, 16,980.02m2 of land managed by

CPC (productive land and land of river/pond), and 219.70m2 reclaimed land.

11. Details of the permanently affected land are shown in Table below.



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Table 5: Area of land affected

No.

Commune Residenti

al land (m2)

Productive land (m2)

Transport/

Irrigation land (m2)

Land managed by CPC

(m2)

Reclaimed land

(m2)

Total land acquired

(m2)

1 Chi Tan

200.00

117.50

52.32

11,975.60

219.70

12,565.12

2 Thanh Cong

-

8.64

143.40

2,148.12

-

2,300.16

3 Thuan Hung

881.00

455.40

1,430.12

2,714.10

-

5,480.62

4 Tan Dan

-

145.44

4.32

14.24

-

164.00

5 Ong Dinh

-

42.56

9.92

20.96

-

73.44

6 An Vi

-

-

107.36

-

-

107.36

7 Khoai Chau

-

-

63.52

-

-

63.52

8 Phung Hung

-

260.32

26.42

107.00

-

393.74

9 Dai Hung

-

82.72

9.92

-

-

92.64

Total

1,081.00

1,112.58

1,847.30

16,980.02

219.70

21,240.60

Source: DMS data provided by DRC - April 2016

I. 2.2.2.2. Temporary impacts on land

12. The erection of power line and the construction of additional works do not cause

temporarily impacts on land or access of local people, because the erection of power line is

carried out during the off-farm and most of it runs along the right-of-way of a canal and road.

I. 2.2.3. Impacts on trees and crops

13. Nghi Xuyen sub-project affects 2,400 trees of all kinds (mainly banana, longan,

kumquat, eucalyptus and bamboo); 1,112.58 m2 of productive land includes 533 m2 of rice

field, 6,460 m2 of annual plants like saffron, vegetables and peanut and 24 m2 of fishing

pond.



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Table 6. Affected trees, crops

No

Commune

Rice, vegetables (m2)

Saffron, peanut, others (m2)

Fish pond (m2)

Banana (pcs)

Longan (pcs)

Orange (pcs)

Kumquat, lemon (pcs)

Jack-fruit (pcs)

Pomelo (pcs)

Bam-boo (pcs)

Eucalyptus (pcs)

1 Chi Tan 77 3,488 - 126 9 - - 6 - - 9

2 Thanh Cong - 2,283 -

1,45

4 - 2 - - 43 - -

3 Thuan Hung - 567 - 146 182 - - 14 - 140 3

4 Tan Dan 87 38 - - 3 4 16 - - - -

5 Ong Dinh 29 29 - 5 7 - - - - 1 5

6 An Vi - 45 6 12 3 9 - 2 - - 11

7 Khoai Chau 25 - - 29 6 - - - - - 4

8 Phung Hung 229 9 18 36 11 - - - 6 - 3

9 Dai Hung 85 - - - - - - - 2 - -

Total 533 6,460 24

1,80

8 221 15 16 22 51 141 35

Source: DMS data provided by DRC April 2016

I. 2.2.4. Impacts on houses and structures

14. The additional works of Nghi Xuyen sub-project affects houses and structures on

land such as water tank, yard, well, wall, or auxiliary structures of 17 households which

were built on the reclaimed land or on right-of-way of irrigation works. The total housing

area affected is 347.6 m2 of grade-4 houses of 6 households of which 5 households may

need rebuilding of which 01 AH has another house in another place so this AH opts for

receiving compensation in cash for his house to be affected. Other 4 AHs opt for moving to

other place nearby. The local authority introduces a resettlement site close by that is large

enough for 4 AHs to move to. This resettlement area is close to a rural road, easy to

access to and just few hundred meters away from their old living place. People are pleased

with the proposed location.



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15. Number of affected households and details of each type of affected structures are

presented in Table 7 below.

Table 7: Impacts on houses and structures

No Commune Houses

(m2)

Water tanks (m3)

Yards (m2)

Wells (pcs)

Brick wall (m2)

Concrete components (m3)

Auxiliary works (m2)

1 Chi Tan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 Thanh Cong

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 Thuan Hung

356.5 299.8 308.3 7 829.5 10.6 252.7

4 Tan Dan 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 Ong Dinh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 An Vi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

7 Khoai Chau 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 Phung Hung 0 0 9.99 0 2.3 0 0

9 Dai Hung 0 0 4.14 0 2.72 0 0

Total 356.5 299.8 322.43 7 834.52 10.6 252.7

Source: DMS data provided by DRC April 2016

I. 2.2.5. Impacts on livelihood and income sources

16. The widening of the canal section and the erection of electric line in Nghi Xuyen sub-

project permanently affects assets of 207 households (890 people) in 09 communes and

town in Khoai Chau district, of which 07 households are severely affected as losing

residential land and houses or losing more than 10% of total productive land, and the

remaining households are marginally impacted as they lose less than 10% of total

productive land area. Among 07 severely affected households, there are 05 households

from Thuan Hung commune that need rebuilding houses. 01 household losing 13.01% of

total productive land in Thuan Hung commune, and 01 AH losing 13.66% of total productive

land in Tan Dan commune. Besides the assistance allowances as stipulated by project

policy, according to the results of in-depth interviews of the severely AHs and CPC leaders,

these households expressed that they would receive further support like to be prior to

attend in the available poverty reduction and extensive agriculture programs or credit for

extension of their farming work as a measure to restore their income. The PPMU, in close

coordination with DCARC, makes list of affected households entitled to the income

rehabilitation program and implements the income rehabilitation program for affected

households, in close collaboration with commune leaders.

I. 2.2.6. Impacts on community assets



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17. The widening of the additional canal section and the erection of power line in Nghi

Xuyen sub-project does not affect any public assets. No cultural/historical structures are

affected by the sub-project.

II. MONITORING METHODS AND IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS

II.1. Methodology

18. The main objective of the independent resettlement monitoring is to review and

assess periodically and independently (i) the achievement of the resettlement objectives; (ii)

the changes in living standards and livelihoods; (iii) the restoration and/or improvement of

the socio-economic conditions of the affected people; (iv) the effectiveness and

sustainability of entitlements; and (v) the need for additional mitigation measures. The

Consultant deploys the independent resettlement monitoring to monitor the implementation

of the resettlement activities in compliance with the provisions outlined in the Project’s

Resettlement Policy Framework (RF) and the Sub-projects’ Resettlement Plan (RP).

19. The monitoring indicators include but not limited to the following:

- The information and public consultation on the resettlement policy and the

entitlements of the affected households; the participation of affected persons in the

planning, updating and implementing the Resettlement Plan;

- The detailed measurement survey of affected properties; the formulation and

approval of compensation plan; payment of compensation under the approved policy

are in accordance with the approved Resettlement Plan;

- The procedures for acquisition and handover of land; the coordination of

resettlement activities in accordance with the construction schedules;

- Construction/reconstruction of houses and replacement structures on residential

land or in new residential areas;

- The satisfaction of the affected persons with the terms and conditions and the

implementation of the Resettlement Plan;

- The grievance redress mechanism (documenting, procedures, settlement);

- The effectiveness and the sustainability of the entitlements and income restoration

measures for the affected households; ability of affected persons to

restore/reconstruct their livelihoods and living standards. Particular attentions will be

given to severely affected and vulnerable households;

- Social and resettlement impacts caused by the activities in the construction phase;

- Institutional capacity, internal monitoring and reporting.

20. The Consultant combined different methods for the sixth monitoring and additional

items monitoring in order to collect both quantitative and qualitative information. Main

methods include focused group discussion, questionnaires for survey, data review and in-

depth interview. In addition, the Consultant noted down their observation to deeply



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understand the living conditions of affected households, on-site implementation progress,

etc. In the 6th monitoring, the questionnaire survey and indepth interviews with the affected

households by the Consultants were focused on those which are affected by the original

works, while those which are affected by the additional works will be upgraded in the final

report prepared by the Consultants.

(i) Data analysis

The Consultant review data related on safeguard policies, legal documents, internal reports

and other documents related to resettlement compensation collected from CPO, PMU,

DCARC and analyze those data to get multidirectional information about the monitoring.

(ii) Survey with questionnaires

During the monitoring, this method was used as a main tool to collect information of affected

households concerning demography, income and living standard, production capacity,

satisfaction with the compensation; Satisfaction rate of affected people with regulations and

the implementation of resettlement plans; Effectiveness and sustainability of entitlements

and measures to restore affected peoples’ livelihoods; Capacity of affected people to

recover/ regenerate livelihoods and living standard. The questionnaires were filled by 8

households (including 4 severely affected households and 4 slightly affected households) in

Thuan Hung commune for the additional construction work and 18 affected households in

Thanh Cong commune (2 households affected by previous work and 5 households affected

by additional work) and Chi Tan (3 households affected by previous work and 8 households

affected by additional work It is expected that the Consultants will conduct a survey on

100% affected households (both initial construction part and additional construction part)

during the final monitoring. The records and findings on the implementation of the income

restoration program for severely affected households will be reflected in the Consultants’

final monitoring report.

(iii) Focused group discussion

Disscussions were organized with CPO to study advantages, challenges and solutions

during the implementation of resettlement plans; remaining problems and their causes;

development plan for the coming time; recommendations to address remaining problems,

etc. In addition, affected households were also invited to focused group discussions such

that the Consultant was able to evaluate different aspects of their entitlements. The

Consultant conducted 2 focused group discussions for the additional work in Thuan Hung (6

households) and Chi Tan (6 households). The affected households selected for this

monitoring mission include 02 households that have their houses affected and resettle ,02

others that are severely affected households and 01 vulnerable household. The Consultant

also conducted 3 group discussions with the local authorities of Thuan Hung, Chi Tan and

Thanh Cong communes.

(iv) In-depth interview



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Affected peoples, project implementation staff and responsible people during the

resettlement process were interviewed with the questions prepared in advanace by the

Consultant. That information is used to supplement for those collected from survey with

questionnaires and data analysis. The Consultant conduct 13 in-depth interview including 4

severely affected households in Thuan Hung commune, 5 affected households in Thanh

Cong commune and 4 affected households in Chi Tan commune.

(v) Observation:

Observation is to support those methods mentioned above. Consultants use this kind of

method to investigate people’s living conditions or what is happening on site, etc. Then,

tehy will propose necessary information collected from secondary data, questionnaires

interpretation and group discussion results

II.2. Monitoring procedures

21. The preparation for the monitoring mission was conducted in the weeks from

5/01/2016 to 10/1/2016. In the Consultant’s office, the experts of the monitoring team

reviewed all the remaining issues of the Subproject in the previous mission, prepared the

monitoring tools for the next mission. The field monitoring in three provinces of Hung Yen,

Bac Ninh and Hai Duong were conducted from 11/1/2016 to 20/1/2016.

22. On 11/1/2016, the Consultant worked with the Central Management Unit for

Irrigation Projects (CPO) and the CARC of the ADB5 Subproject in Khoai Chau district to

collect relevant documents. On the same day, the Consultant conducted in-depth interviews

with 4 households in Chi Tan commune, 5 households in Thanh Cong commune. Also, the

Consultant organized some group discussions with local authorities of Thanh Cong, Chi Tan

and Thuan Hung.

23. On 29/4/2016, the Consultant carried out a survey for the additional works including

in-depth interviews for 4 severely affected households in Thuan Hung commune, 4 affected

households in Thanh Cong commune and 3 affected households in Chi Tan commune.

Besides, group discussions with households are organized in Thuan Hung commune (6

households) and Chi Tan commune (6 households) and 21 questionnaires were distributed.

The Consultant also held group discussions with the local authorities of Thuan Hung, Thanh

Cong and Chi Tan communes.

24. Furthermore, the Consultant worked with a representative from Khoai Chau DCARC on

resettlement issues.

25. After site survey, the monitoring team worked with the Central Management Unit for

Irrigation Projects (CPO) of ADB5 Subproject in Hung Yen province to discuss about the

monitoring contents.

III. MONITORING RESULTS

Results of 6th monitoring and additional monitoring are mainly carried out in communes

where much affected during the construction namely Thuan Hung, Chi Tan and Thanh



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Cong communes. Therefore, monitoring results in Part III are only information collected

from those commune. For other communes, households are mainly slightly affected with

land for agriculture production, irrigation, crops on ditches and power lines. Hence, what

was not monitored by the Consultant shall be mentioned in the next monitoring report.

III.1. Assessment of indoor works

26. The CPO in collaboration with the Compensation, Assistance and Resettlement

Committee (CARC) of Khoai Chau district organized the compensation for the Sub-project.

In general, the compensation complies with the provisions laws.

27. All records of inventory and approved compensation plans were stored at the

DCARC and the CPO’s offices. The DMS forms were fully signed by the participants and

representatives of affected households and stored in the CPO and DCARC’s offices.

28. At the time of monitoring, the internal reports between CPO and construction unit

were maintained monthly. Also, sup-project implementation reports between CPO and ADB

were also available when necessary.

29. In communes and towns where the additional work of dredging, expansion and

construction of the diversion canal section to the pumping station and the power line item

are implemented, the appraisal committees were established to verify the land origin. The

committees include 12 - 16 members who are representatives for local authorities and the

departments, unions/associations, village leaders and affected households. Main tasks and

responsibilities of CARB include (i) Disseminating project information; (ii) Organizing,

planning and carrying out land acquisition, compensation, assistance and other

resettlement issues in the district as agreed in the RP. (iii) Conducting DMS and preparing

compensation plan for people who need to relocate (iv) To implement consulting works and

cooperating with stakeholders when updating and implementing RP. (v) Paying

compensation and assistance for people who need to relocate after the updated RP is

approved by CPO and ADB. Ensuring payment for compensation, assistance and other

payments for people who need to relocate are transferred promptly; and (vi) Supporting

PPC to solve disputes at district level (if any).

30. 21/21 affected households in survey said that they knew about “Project Information”.

The information about the project as well as the steps taken for the site clearance and

compensation is mainly disseminated to the affected households through village meetings.

The households, if they do not understand, can ask information from the local authorities

(communes and villages). The additional PAPs said the same opinions «We were informed

about this project a long time ago, any one know how many years will the project

implement" (a women in Thuan Hung commune).

31. During the RP preparation and update, the general information about the project, the

main content of the RP as well as the compensation and assistance policy, living restoration



18


program, the complaint mechanism were informed to the affected households through

public meetings conducted by the CPO in collaboration with the Consultant (for

consultations). The affected households filling questionnaires (21/21 households) and in the

in-depth interviews and focus group discussions said they joined the consultation meetings

and understand the project information.

32. The plan was publicly posted for 20 days starting from January 04, 2016.

33. After the public posting, households reviewed and signed in the minutes of

compensation calculation. 21/ 21 interviewed affected households said that they checked

the compensation plan and signed on the minutes of the compensation calculation.

34. 4 severely affected households who have to relocate in Thuan Hung Commune said

that they were asked in meeting about economic recovery and agreed to receive support in

cash. Cash support is prepared in compensation plans for households.

35. Table below present the involvement of affected households in project activities:

Table 8: Households’s involvement in project activities

No. Contents Number

Yes No

1. The household to be informed in advance about measurement time, inventory loss count?

20 1

2. The household to be involved in the job of measuring and counting inventory loss?

20 1

3. Is land and household measurement correct? 21 0

4. The household to check through the inventory minute and sign on it?

21 0

5.

The household to be discussed with to select an appropriate compensation options (for example discussion on compensation options by money, “land for land”, by houses, etc.)

21

0

6. The household to be able to look at the calculation minute.?

21 0

Source: IMO survey data in 5/2016

36. In the survey, onnly 1/21 households said they do not remember, do not know or the

other member in their family should know about that. Regarding announcement before

measurement, only 1/21 households said that they did not get involved in measurement

activity. “I did not get involved because I do not have much property” (In-depth interview –

Man from Thanh Cong commune).



19


37. 21/21 households agreed with the accuracy of land and house measurement results.

They were asked to sign on the inventory loss minute and discussion on compensation

options.

38. For relocation households in Thuan Hung communes, the local government has

granted the land use rights for new resettlement land where just 100m far from their recent

houses. In general, all 4 interviewed households were quite happy with the compensation

“We. received money for compensation and we waiting to start building a foundation in the

new land on some beautiful day in May. We are satisfied with the new place and the local

government said that there will be more infrastructure invested there including road

instatement, construction of water supply and power supply system to serve people like us

who move to stay there.”(In-depth interview with households who have to relocate in Thuan

Hung commune)

39. Conclusions: The information and consultation with the affected households were

carried out in accordance with the provisions of updated RP.

III.2. Inventory of loss

40. Before the DMS implementation in households, the CARC through the CPC sent

written notice to each household. The DMS team established by the CARC includes (i)

Representatives of the functional offices of the District as the Natural Resources and

Environment, the Finance, Economy – Infrastructure divisions, (ii) Representatives of the

CPCs, including leaders of the CPC, land registry officers and village chiefs, (iii)

Representatives of the affected households and (iv) heads of the affected households.

41. According to the consultations with 4 severely affected households in Thuan Hung

commune and 21 households in Thanh Cong and Chi Tan communes who were affected by

activities of additional work under the subproject, 20 out of 21 interviewed households said

that they were informed in advance about the schedule of detail measurement survey,

20/21 households said they were involved in detail measurement activity. 21/21 households

checked and signed on the minute for inventory of loss, 21/21 affected households thought

the measurement results were accurate.

42. “ I know exactly how large my house is. Therefore, if their measurement results are

incorrect, I know for sure. If the results are incorrect, I will ask them to measure again.

However, I notice that many people get involved in this detail measurement activity. So,

inaccuracy is almost impossible.” (In-depth interview with affected households in Chi

Tan commune)

43. Conclusion: The DMS was conducted in accordance with the state’s regulations

and the RP provisions.

III.3. Compensation plans

III.3.1. Legal framework and compensation baseline



20


44. The basis for compensation is the Legal Framework of the updated Resettlement

Plan approved by ADB in April 2016 and PPC. The Policy Framework is developed based

on the legislation of the Government of Viet Nam and the ADB's policy relating to the land

acquisition and involuntary resettlement.

45. The compensation process shall apply the following decisions:

- Constitution of Vietnam 2013;

- The Land Law 45/2013/QH13 which has been effective since July 1, 2014;

- Decree No.43/2014/ND-CP dated on May 15, 2014 guiding in detail some articles

of Land Law 2013;

- Decree No.44/2014/ND-CP dated on May 15, 2014 provides on method to

determine land price; make adjusted land price brackets, land price board; valuate

specific land price and land price consultancy activities;

- Decree No. 47/2014/ND-CP dated on May 15, 2014 providing compensation,

assistance, resettlement when land is recovered by the State;

- Decree No. 38/2013/ND-CP dated on April 23, 2013, on management and use of

official development assistance (ODA) and concessional loans of WB;

- Decree No. 72/2007/ND-CP dated on May 07, 2007 of the Government on

management of dam safety;

- Decree No. 201/2013/ND-CP dated on November 27, 2013 of the Government

detailing the implementation of some articles of the Law on Water Resources;

- Circular No. 36/2014/TT-BTNMT dated on June 30 2014, regulating method of

valuation of land; construction, land price adjustment; specific land valuation and

land valuation advisory;

- Circular No. 37/2014/TT-BTNMT dated on 30 June 2014, regulating compensation,

assistance and resettlement when the State acquires land.

- Decision No. 52/2012/QD-TTg, dated on November 16 2012, on the assistance

policies on employment and vocational training to farmers whose agricultural land

has been recovered by the State.

Other laws, decrees and regulations relevant to land management, land acquisition

and resettlement include the Construction Law 50/2014/QH13, dated on 18 Jun 2014,

on construction activities, rights and obligations of organization and individual investing

in civil works construction and construction activities; Decree No. 46/2015/ND-CP

dated on May 12, 2015 on quality management of constructions; Decree No.

38/2013/ND-CP on management and use of official development assistance; Law on

Marriage and Family No. 52/2014/QH13 of the Government on marriage and family

Law implementation, stipulating that all documents registering family assets and land

use rights must be in the names of both husband and wife.

Besides, the compensation plans are prepared based on the following decisions and

notifications of Hung Yen PPC as follows:



21


- Decision No. 14/2014/QD-UBND of Hung Yen PPC issued on 27/10/2014

promulgating some specific cases on compensation and support to affected people

when the State acquires land from them in Hung Yen province;

- Decision No. 2209/QĐ-UBND of Hung Yen PPC issued on 10/11/2015 approving

the land prices for preparing Resettlement and Compensation plan when the State

acquires land for dredging, widening canal sections and construction of on-canal

structures to Nghi Xuyen pumping station;

- Decision no. 21/2014/QD-UBND of Hung Yen PPC issued on 26/12/2014

promulgating regulations on land prices in Hung Yen province in 2015;

- Notice No.279/TB-STC dated 31/12/2015 of Hung Yen Provincial Department of

Finance regulating the compensation rates, allowances for crops, trees and

livestock in Hung Yen province;

- Notice No.217/TB-SXD dated 31/12/2015 of Hung Yen Provincial Department of

Construction regulating the compensation rates, allowances for houses, assets and

other structures in land acquisition and resettlement in Hung Yen province.

- Decision no. 2382/UBND-KT2 dated 22/12/2015 by Hung Yen PPC applying the

resettlement frameworks for compensation and assistance in land acquisition by

canal section of Nghi Xuyen pumping station.

46. At the 6th monitoring mission and additional monitoring, Khoai Chau DCARC issued

some options and statements relating to the implementation of the "dredging, expansion

and construction of the diversion canal into Nghi Xuyen pumping station" in the 3

communes as follows.

- Option No.05/PA - HDBTHT-TDC dated January 4, 2016 by Khoai Chau district on

the compensation, support and resettlement in Thanh Cong commune.

- Option No.06/PA - HDBTHT-TDC and resettlement by Khoai Chau district dated

January 4, 2016 on compensation, support and resettlement in Chi Tan commune.

- Option No.07/PA-BTHT and resettlement by Hung Yen dated January 4, 2016 on

compensation, support and resettlement in Thuan Hung commune.

47. At the 6th monitoring mission and additional monitoring, Khoai Chau District CARC/

District People’s Committee issued some options, statements and decisions relating to the

implementation of “Dredging and widening the ditch and construct a work on the canal

leading to Nghi Xuyen pumping station” and "construction of 22KV transmission line for

Nghi Xuyen pumping station, Hung Yen province” in 8 communes and 1 town as below:

- Detailed Option No. 05/PA-HDBTHT-TDC by Khoai Chau district People’s

Committee dated January 4, 2016 the compensation, support and resettlement

when the State recovers land in Thanh Cong commune, Khoai Chau district to

carry the project to carry the project of Strengthening the irrigation management

and upgrading, specifically "Dredging and widening the ditch and construct a work

on the canal leading to Nghi Xuyen pumping station". Detailed Option No. 02/PA-

HDBTHT-TDC by Khoai Chau district People’s Committee dated January 4, 2016

the compensation, support and resettlement when the State recovers land in



22


Phung Hung commune, Khoai Chau district to carry the project "Strengthening the

irrigation management and upgrading", the construction item of the 22KV

transmission line to Nghi Xuyen pumping station, Hung Yen province.

III.3.2. Compensation and Assistance Unit Prices

48. The compensation unit prices for land is appropriate to the results of the

replacement costs of the updated RP. The affected households agreed and have no

questions about the land compensation unit prices. The compensation unit prices for

property, structures, plants and crops are in accordance with the findings of replacement

costs stated in the updated RP.

Table 9: The compensation unit prices for affected households by diversion

canal

No. Items Unit prices for compensation (VND/m2)

1 Rural residential land 700,000 – 900,000

2 Farmland 61,000

3 Compensation for crops 10,000

4 Compensation for plants 30,000 – 4,500,000

(VND/tree)

6 Compensation for structures According to the unit prices stipulated by the

PPC for each type

49. The compensation unit prices for affected households by “the construction of 22KV

transmission line into Nghi Xuyen pumping station, Hung Yen province” as follows:

Table 10: The compensation unit prices for the additional items of the electric line

No. Items Unit prices for compensation (VND/m2)

1 Farmland 61,000 – 71,000

2 Compensation for crops According to the unit prices stipulated by the

PPC for each type 3 Compensation for plants

4 Compensation for structures

50. Conclusion: Through the observation and information collection from the affected

families as well as local government officials, the monitoring team assessed that the unit

prices of the compensation and assistance in the compensation plan for affected

households are suitable to the updated RP replacement costs and the affected people

agreed with the compensation prices.

III.3.3. Assistances and supports



23


51. According to resettlement framework of the Strengthening Water Management and

Irrigation Systems Project, affected persons losing 10% or more agriculture land holding are

entitled to receive assistance for income restoration, life stabilization and some special

assistance for vulnerable groups and affected persons losing less than 10% of agriculture

land are entitled to the assistance for job-training or creation also. Besides the assistance

for affected households, under this sub-project the agriculture land managed by commune

has been acquired with huge areas, therefore DRC has considered the negative impact to

land budget of communes and proposed to have the support for the public agriculture land

which are permanently acquired by project for affected communes. The support amount is

applied according to the Decree 47/2014, Circular No. 37/2014/TT-BTNMT dated 30/6/2014

of MONRE and Decision No.14/2014/QD-UBND of Hung Yen PPC dated 27/10/2014 of

Hung Yen province for compensation, assistance and resettlement when the state acquires

land, and also in accordance with the Project Resettlement Framework.

III.3.4. Approval of the compensation plan - compensation budget

52. The costs of compensation for 3 communes affected by dredging, expansion and

construction of the diversion canal in Nghi Xuyen pumping station is about VND

5,055,258,631.

Table 9: The detailed compensation cost for 3 communes is presented as the follows:

No. Contents Thanh Cong Chi Tan Thuan Hung Total (VND)

1 Land acquired from people

2,909,005,942

2,909,005,942

2

Compensation and assistance for households on agricultural land

282,200,550

282,200,550

3

Compensation and assistance for households farming for additional income on irrigation land

113,816,250

236,926,876

350,743,126

4

Compensation and assistance based on area of affected land

99,090,000

89,086,995

188,176,995

5

Compensation and assistance based on area of public land of PPC

202,161,800

852,994,400

163,608,100

1,218,764,300

6

Cost of land reclamation and improvement

7,245,000

7,245,000

7

Implementation cost of resettlement compensation and assistance

8,446,261

24,485,639

66,190,818

99,122,718

Total



24


430,759,311 1,248,767,584 3,375,731,736 5,055,258,631

53. The estimated cost of compensation in 8 communes and 1 town for the construction

of 22KV transmission line for Nghi Xuyen pumping station is about VND 281,492,622.

Table: Compensation for the construction of 22KV power line for Nghi Xuyen pumping station

No. Item Phung Hung

Tan Dan

Khoan Chau Town

An Vi Commune

Ong Dinh Commune

Dai Hung Commune

Thuan Hung

Chi Tan Thanh Cong

Total

1 Compensation for farm land

15,879,520

10,326,240

2,596,160

5,045,920

4,203,200

7,168,720

2,389,080

47,608,840

2 Assistance for job transition

47,638,560

30,978,720

7,788,480

15,137,760

21,506,160

123,049,680

3 Assistance for vocational training

780,960

436,320

127,680

248,160

352,560

1,945,680

4 Compensation for crops and other assets

10,537,000

5,099,600

9,720,000

1,725,858

1,864,400

86,400

29,033,258

5

Public land leased by household from CPC

499,600

499,600

6 Land managed by CPC

6,527,000

1,011,040

1,278,560

605,120

1,952,000

341,600

263,520

11,978,840

7

Crops cultivated on land leased by household and under CPC’s management

35,192,200

429,200

1,179,560

625,000

662,000

38,087,960

8 Assistance for land reclamation.

5,509,800

1,178,400

184,800

1,389,600

1,846,800

194,400

10,303,800



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No. Item Phung Hung

Tan Dan

Khoan Chau Town

An Vi Commune

Ong Dinh Commune

Dai Hung Commune

Thuan Hung

Chi Tan Thanh Cong

Total

9

Assistance for people earning living on irrigation land

3,607,800

6,678,800

80,000

356,400

10,723,000

10 Total 122,065,540

49,459,520

3,607,800

6,678,800

24,955,280

25,331,978

6,860,200

34,080,640

2,933,400

275,973,158

Assistance for land acquisition (2%)

2,441,311

989,190

72,156

133,576

499,106

506,640

137,204

681,613

58,668

5,519,463

Grand total 124,506,851

50,448,710

3,679,956

6,812,376

25,454,386

25,838,618

6,997,404

34,762,253

2,992,068

281,492,622

III.3.5. Compensation payment

54. The compensation payment made for AHs in 3 communes which were chosen for

survey conduction are basically finished. HHs received compensation from February to April

2016. However, Thuan Hung communal authorities reported there was still 1 HH headed by

Ms. Nguyen Thi Hoa (light AHs) who had not received compensation (around 36 millions).

The reason is that Ms. Hoa did not agree with the authority’s opinion on the origin of her

land. The board of land examination origin said that Ms. Hoa land was originally long-term

garden land rather than homestead land. So, her family will get compensated with the cost

norm for garden land as her neighbors. (It should be noted that her neighbors whose land

had similar origins as evaluated by the board of land examination also received full

compensation already).

55. The compensation was made by District Tresuary at CPC office. AHs were invited to

come and take the money from 3-7 days in advance.

56. All of respondents said that they received the advance notice of compensation

payment which was convenient for households to receive the compensation.

57. Conclusion: The payment of compensation is made in accordance with the

provisions specified in the updated RP.

III.4. Resettlement for displaced households

58. It is expected that there are 5 households (in Thuan Hung commune) for the

additional item of dredging, expansion and construction of the diversion canal into the

pumping station. In these 5 households, there are no poor, policy/vulnerable households.

The local authorities have arrange some land for their relocation (5 households). They are

preparing to build the foundation.

III.4. Income and living restoration

59. The majority of households had main income source from agriculture namely

planting rice, crops and turmeric roots. Apart from that, HHs earn extra income by working

as masonry and selling goods in the local markets. In Thanh Cong commune, the average

income per person in 2015 was VND 21 million/ year, number of poor households

accounted for 5,1%. . In Chi Tan commune, the average income per person in 2015 was

VND 15.4 million/ year. In Thuan Hung commune, the average income per person in 2015

was VND 30.2 million/ year and the rate of poor households reduced to 2.66%.

60. The level of impacts caused by the erection of the electric line is very minor and

does not affect the livelihood of affected people. The alignment of the electric line runs

along the canal and road, so it only affects trees and some crops growing in the right-of-way

of canal and road or growing on the public land managed by the communes. The averaged

land acquired by the erection of electric line is about 5m2 per household, so it is very minor,

except for 01 household in Tan Dan commune losing 16.8m2 of land (equal to 13.66%) of

total productive land, and 01 household losing 13.01% of total productive land in Thuan



28


Hung commune. The socioeconomic survey to these households indicated that these SAHs

live on farming and have participated in the agricultural extension and do more intensive

cultivation thanks to the knowledge gained from the agricultural extension courses that

they’ve been participated. The AH tends to use the compensation to apply farming

techniques in their production.

61. The income restoration program for the households affected by the initial

construction part was stated in the previous monitoring report. As recorded in the 6th

monitoring, their lives become stable.

62. The affected households in the additional construction stages when being consulted

all said that they wholeheartedly support the project for the common goals of the

community. The Subproject impact does not make them worse off but would rather make

them benefit much when the project is completed. “I think that it is a good project and

benefit people like me. So, I would not so unhappy for my land loss since I think it is for the

common benefit of the Stat. Though land loss of course make us face some difficulties, we

think we can overcome that and that would not make us worse off. Later on when the

project is completed, we will gain much benefits for our irrigation which is expected to

increase the productivity?” (Group discussion in Thanh Cong commune)

III.5.Land use right certificate issuance

63. Previously, the revoked agricultural land is the land type 03. People have not been

granted with land use right certificates. Besides, Hung Yen takes both methods of

"Agricultural Land Exchange and Accumulation" in accordance with the State’s general

policy. Basically the program completed. Through consultations with local leaders, the

issuance of certificates of land use rights is underway and people are re-declaring their land

area to communal cadastral officials. This work will be updated in the next monitoring report

by the Consultant.

64. On the other hand, Hung Yen province is implementing the "Vietnam Land

Administration Project” (hereinafter referred to as VLAP)" carried out from 2008 to 2013 in 9

provinces of Hanoi, Hung Yen, Thai Binh, Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Khanh Hoa, Tien Giang,

Ben Tre, Vinh Long. The project is sponsored by the World Bank and the New Zealand

Embassy with the aims of reforming administrative procedures in land management in

Vietnam. It is expected that by the end of 2020, people in Hung Yen province will be

granted new land use-right certificates.

III.6. Complaints and grievance redress

65. For AHs in implementation phase: According to the information obtained from the

CPO, the District Compensation, Assistance and Resettlement Committee (DCARC) and



29


the CPC, during the implementation, there was no grievance letter from affected

households.

66. For AHs in additional construction: Thuan Hung commune authorities reports only

Ms. Hoa’s HH refused to take the compensation. It is because she disagreed with the

conclusion of the board of land examination on the origin of her affected land. The DARD

and CPO already had a discussion for explanation to her but she did not accept. At the time

of 6th monitoring mission, the Consultant failed to meet with Ms. Hoa since she was not

home.

III.7. Summary of findings in the 6th monitoring mission and additional monitoring

67. The Sub-project have additional items (i) dredging, expansion and construction of

the diversion canal to the pumping station which affects 3 communes: Chi Tan, Thanh Cong

and Thuan Hung (ii) the construction of 22KV line for Nghi Xuyen pumping station (phase

2), which affects 8 communes and one town (Tan Dan, Phung Hung, Dai Hung, Thuan

Hung, Thanh Cong, Chi Tan, An Vi, Ong Dinh and Khoai Chau town).

68. During the 6th monitoring and additional monitoring missions, the Subproject issued

some decisions for compensation, support and resettlement plans for households affected

by two additional works (i) dredging, expansion and construction of the diversion canal to

the pumping station (ii) construction of 22KV line for Nghi Xuyen pumping station.

69. The payment was basically finished except for one HHs who refused to take the

compensation for they did not agree with the conclusion of the origin of their land.

70. At the time of additional monitoring, the local government of Thuan Hung commune

updated the news that the construction was suffering from erosion and might affect 4-5

households. It is being checked at the moment.

III.7. Assessment of the people’s level of satisfaction for the project

71. The Subproject takes long deployment in the communes, so most people in the

affected communes said that they knew the project information. The affected households

were disseminated the concerned policies and consulted in public meetings. The affected

people were satisfied with the compensation plan and the project supports.

72. Overall, the affected households are aware of the importance and benefit the Sub-

project brings to the locality and community. They expected that the project would be

implemented as soon as possible and the benefits of the projects will come true.

IV. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

IV.1. Conclusions



30


73. The payment of compensation to farmers affected in implemented phase finished in

the 2nd monitoring mission, people have received compensation from 11/2012. As of the 3rd

monitoring mission, there is no incurred payment of compensation for households in this

period. For households affected in additional stages (i) the dredging, expansion and

construction of the diversion canal to the pumping station and (ii) the 22KV line for Nghi

Xuyen pumping station was basically done except for 1 HH who refused to take the

compensation.

74. During the implementation, there were no complaints to the Subproject. However,

regarding the additional construction work, there is still 1 HH in Thuan Hung commune who

did not agree with the conclusion of the board of land examination on the origin of their land.

That’s why they refuse to take the compensation.

75. Most affected people are aware of the project benefits and satisfied with the

compensation policy; people have no complaints about measurements and DMS as well as

the payment of compensation and support.

76. Basically, the construction of Nghi Xuyen pumping station has undergone the

coordination between Central Management unit for irrigation projects (CPO) and the DCRC

of Khoai Chau district who have complied with the resettlement procedures as outlined in

the Project's RP. The stages of dissemination of information, inventory of loss, payment of

compensation are participated and monitored by the representatives of the affected

households and relevant departments. Some recommendations of the affected persons

were timely addressed by the CPO and local authorities. The internal monitoring was

fulfilled fully and routinely by the CPO and the CPO.

77. The reports reflect the resettlement progress as well as problems to be solved. The

data are saved in the offices of the DCARC and the CPO’s office in both hard-copies and

soft-copies in computer database to serve the management and reporting. Thank to this

cooperation, the implementation of the compensation and resettlement of the project has

been carried out with accuracy, objectiveness and convenience; all complaints and

questions of the affected persons have been resolved promptly to ensure the progress.

IV.2. Recommendations

78. Nghi Xuyen Sub-project is under the additional expansion of the diversion canal.

During the construction there will be arising impacts that affect households. The CPO and

the DCARC should have close monitoring plans to detect arising problems and address

them timely (if any). The CPO should collaborate with the construction units to ensure the

construction schedule as outlined by the plan.

79. Thuan Hung TPC and local political organization shall work together with the DARD,

CPO to encourage and explain to Ms. Hoa’s family about the origin of her affected land

such that she can understand that the current conclusion on her affected land’s origin is true



31


and well-grounded complying with legal regulation and the compensation for her family is in

accordance with approved policies.

80. The DCARC should try to finish counting inventory of loss and measurement, then

preparing compensation plan for households affected by the erosion during the construction

to the north of the construction work.

81. The CPO needs to request the Contractor to utilize local workers with special

attentions to the severely affected household, poor households, female headed households,

female labors. The proper basic works shall be arranged to be suitable for the workers of

different groups, ages to participate.



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APPENDIX: Some pictures in the survey of Nghi Xuyen Pumping Station in March

2014

Group Discussion in Thanh Cong Commune Land where 4 affected household relocate

Documents

VIE: STRENGTHENING WATER MANAGEMENT AND …