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© 2004 Allied Telesyn, Inc.

Video Optimized MAPs, 14 July 2004, Rev. Bwww.alliedtelesyn.com PAGE1 of 6

White Paper

Video Opt im ized MAPs

The Key to Efficient Triple Play Video Delivery

14 July 2004, Rev. B

Triple Play delivers video, data, and voice over a single ADSL line or fiber strand,providing carriers with the arsenal needed to defeat cable companies in the battle for subscribers. Video optimized Multi-service Access Platforms (MAPs) use ADSL and FTTH in the last mile to create a video delivery service that profitably grows revenue while protecting carriers’ markets.





Video Opt im ized MAPsTriple Play’s Key to Efficient Video Delivery

14 July 2004, Rev. B

Triple Play delivers video, data, and voice over a single ADSL line or fiber strand,providing carriers with the arsenal needed to defeat cable companies in the battle for subscribers. Video optimized Multi-service Access Platforms (MAPs) use

ADSL and FTTH in the last mile to create a video delivery service that profitably grows revenue while protecting carriers’ markets.

On-Demand ProgrammingTr ip le Play and Video-Opt im ized MAP

Triple Play delivers

video, data, and voice

to subscribers .

Video-optimized

MAPs provide greater

bandwidth, more

operating flexibility,

extended

management facilities,

and importantly,

video-focused

intelligence.

Independent Operating Carriers are countering the cable television

industry’s expansion efforts by planning and deploying Triple Play services.

Whether leveraging existing copper infrastructure or maximizing the value of

newly deployed FTTx infrastructure, Triple Play delivers video, data, andvoice services to subscribers in order to provide telcos with a larger, more

economically resilient market than voice and data alone. In fact, analysts at

the marketing research firm In-Stat/MDR anticipate that the Triple Play

market in North America will exceed $2.7 billion by 2005.

However, to deliver video via this expanded conduit increases demands on

equipment such as DSL Access Multiplexers (DSLAMs) or Multiservice

Access Platforms (MAPs). The primary difference between the two is the

subscriber-side interface. DSLAMs, as the name implies, provide service

over copper wire using DSL technology, but MAPs carry additional

capabilities by also supporting FTTH and other types of interfaces out of the

same platform. First generation DSLAMs were intended to provide legacy

voice (POTS) and data, and they delivered 1.5Mbps of downstream

bandwidth using legacy carrier technologies (ie. ATM) to ease

implementation. To deliver on the promises of next generation Triple Play

services, however, a video-optimized DSLAM or MAP must provide greater

bandwidth, more operating flexibility, extended management facilities, and

most importantly, video-focused intelligence to maximize network efficiency

and guarantee reliability. Understanding these requirements is the first

crucial step toward planning a successful Triple Play deployment.





The Pow er and Promise of Vi deo

Triple Play allows

Telcos to compete

with their own

threesome of video,

high-quality voice, and

high speed Internet

access.

Video is the new weapon in a carrier’s competitive arsenal. As cable

operators cherry-pick high-revenue subscribers by adding VoIP services to

their traditional video and high speed Internet offeringsthey present a

threat to permanently lock carriers out of these accounts. Today, carrierscan battle back by adding video to their traditional offerings of voice and high

speed DSL Internet to compete with their own Triple Play of services.

The standard Triple Play offers subscribers four distinct video services, each

a potential gold mine for carriers.

Broadcast videoThis staple of cable television can produce $20 to

$50 of revenue per subscriber, per month.

Premium channelsPremium channels such as HBO and Showtime

can increase monthly video revenues by 50 percent or more.

Combining standard broadcast with premium channels can amount to

more than 150 unique video streams for carriers to offer their

subscribers .Pay per ViewPay per View subscribers join a specific multicast

streamsuch as championship boxing matches or other sporting

eventsat a set time. Revenue is dependent on the volume of

broadcast events.

Video on DemandVideo on Demand allows subscribers to select

content for delivery at a time of their choosing. This service can

generate monthly revenues of $8 to $12 per subscriber.

In total, video typically creates up to $65 of incremental monthly revenue per

subscriber according to In-Stat/MDR.

Next Generat ion TechnologyThe Flexib i l i t y of ADSL

ADSL2+ supports

HDTV and allows

more channels per

subscriber, greatly enhancing video

delivery.

Delivering video – especially over ADSL – requires the DSLAM or MAP to

adopt several new capabilities. One of the most important requirements is

for the support for new ADSL technologies like ADSL2 and ADSL2+. A

broadcast-quality video channel consumes 3.5 to 4.0Mbps of bandwidth,

which far exceeds the 1.5Mbps delivered by standard MAPs in the first

generation of ADSL. Therefore, creating a “video pipe” that is 10Mbpsat a

minimumis required.

A video-optimized MAP must easily adapt to new ADSL standards as the

industry accepts them, most ideal ly through the use of remote softwareupgrades. Similarly, a video-optimized MAP should support multiple ADSL

technologies so carriers can use a variety of Customer Premises Equipment

(CPE) to keep their costs down.

More ADSL advances are forthcoming. ADSL2+ delivers up to 24Mbps over

loops up to 8,000 ft. and supports HDTV, allowing more channels per

subscriber and greatly enhancing video delivery. And the yet-to-be-

discovered technologies that lie beyond ADSL2+ are certain to be even

more exciting.





The Bandw id th Comm odi tyUs ing Resources Ef f ic ient ly

CPE use IGMP as a

tool to inject or

remove subscribers

from video streams.

To be competitive,

carriers must take

advantage of the

ever-declining cost of

Ethernet and IP

equipment.

More than 90 percent

of network traffic

begins and ends

using IP and Ethernet,

therefore it is more

economical and more

simple to build a

network with a video-

optimized MAP.

The efficient use of network bandwidth is critical to the business success of

Triple Play services and must be addressed in a video-optimized MAP.

Local loop bandwidth over legacy copper infrastructure is but a fraction of

the capacity of a cable television drop. To compensate for this more limited

capacity, a video optimized MAP transports only those video streams

requested by the subscriber. Selecting and delivering the desired

programming is accomplished through signaling that is performed byor on

behalf ofthe subscriber. A video-optimized MAP must perform or support

this signaling.

Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP)a standard IP protocolis the

most efficient signaling mechanism available for this task. IGMP queries are

sent between the subscriber’s CPE and a Layer 3 switch that performs

multicasting. The CPE uses IGMP as a tool to inject or remove a subscriberfrom a video stream.

The switch also sends IGMP queries once per minute to every subscriber in

a multicast group to validate membership. Subscribers’ CPE must respond

to each query. Because all IGMP traffic passes through a MAP, i t can snoop

this traffic and consolidate responses from each subscriber CPE into one

response per multicast streama task that greatly reduces the amount of

overhead processing performed by the switch. The MAP should also

accurately replicate multicast video to avoid transmitting redundant streams

across the entire network. As video deployment grows, effective IGMP

snooping and stream replication by MAPs allow more subscribers to be

supported by fewer resources, saving operating and capital expense. The

net result is that less transport bandwidth is required from the MAP towards

the content insertion point (i.e. Head end).

Because a video stream consumes sizable line capacity, a video-optimized

MAP must also make the most efficient use of associated resources.

Bandwidth-robbing network overheadsuch as the ATM cell tax is a

liability. More than 90 percent of network traffic begins and ends using IP

and Ethernet, therefore it is more economical and more simple to build a

network with a video-optimized MAP that adheres to the same model.

Finally, a video-optimized MAP should exploit Moore’s Law. (Based on

forecasts made by Gordon Moore, Intel cofounder, in 1965 and 1975.

Moore’s Law states that microchip technology will double in complexity every18 months.) To be competitive, carriers must take advantage of the ever-

declining cost of Ethernet and IP equipment.





Qual i ty of Serv ic eDel iver the Best Per formanc e

MPEG-4 may reduce

transmission time by

half, permitting more channels per

connection.

A video-optimized

MAP deters such theft

by delivering video

sessions to only

specific Ethernet MAC

addresses.

In addition to video, Triple Play service includes data and voice over a

common access network/transport. This array of services creates the

potential for bandwidth contention resulting in diminished performance within

one or more of the services. One way a video-optimized MAP reducescontention is by directly managing Quality of Service (QoS). A video-

optimized MAP employs a QoS hierarchy for each service it supports by

mapping the hierarchy across subscriber devices. Using defined priorities

the network then allocates available bandwidth to services to ensure best

relative performance.

A video-optimized MAP also maximizes performance by adapting to

improvements in video compression technology. MPEG-2 compresses full

motion video and sound to 3.5 - 4.0Mbps. MPEG-4 may reduce that by half,

permitting more channels per connection. A video-optimized MAP should be

agnostic to the brand of video encoders that digitize, compress, and encode

video into IP packets.

Securing the Content

Theft of video services is a widespread problem in cable television. A video-

optimized MAP deters such theft by delivering video sessions to only specific

Ethernet MAC addresses. This prevents service delivery to a set top box that

has been either spoofed or stolen from a legitimate subscriber.

The management

process should be

intuitive and should

avoid labor-intensive

administration of

virtual circuits.

Reliability and Management

Reliability is a high priority for video subscribers. A video-optimized MAP

must constantly monitor all links and loops and report on problems when

conditions cross carrier-defined thresholds. The MAP also must monitor its

own health. In addition, there should be several means of management

access, including a local craft interface and remote access via the Internet.

The management process should be intuitive and should avoid labor-

intensive administration of virtual circuits. Finally, a centralized Network

Management System (NMS) must be available to serve as a means to

perform network monitoring, service and feature configuration, and network

maintenance.

The Ul t imat e GoalPlan to Succ eed

Video-optimized MAPs deliver services

that profitably grow

revenue and protect

carriers’ markets.

Delivering Triple Play services requires meticulous planning and constant

support to develop and tune the network. A video-optimized MAP suppliershould not only deliver a quality product but also ensure that the application

and all its constituent parts work harmoniously. This requires in-depth

understanding of the applications, video network components, and the

means to perform interoperability certification for customers.

The ultimate goal of a video-optimized MAP is to deliver a service that

profitably grows revenue and protects a carrier’s market. A thorough

evaluation of risks, requirements, and features will lead each carrier to the

solution that best suits its needs.





Company Overview

Al l ied Te lesyn: I t ’s Our Net w ork , Too.

A global company with nearly two decades of continuous profitability.

Allied Telesyn focuses entirely on end-to-

end, purpose-built Ethernet applications. A world-class engineering and support organization spanning five continents and more than 30 countries.

The ideal choice for

cost-conscious IT

professionals who are

looking for high-

quality, feature-rich

network solutions.

Founded in 1987 with the goal of producing feature-rich, reliable, standards -

based networking products, Allied Telesyn has a proven track record inbridging the gap left by other Ethernet networking manufacturers, whose

solutions are often limited in scope or cost-prohibitive.

By taking cues directly from our customers and leveraging our globalmanufacturing competencies, we’ve evolved a market-focused approach to

system development that is geared entirely to applications, rather than

individual components. And by concentrating on battle-tested, end-to-end

solutions for vertical market applications we avoid the scattershot, company-

focused approach common in the industry. Our tagline: “It’s our Network,

too” is a testament to our high-level of accountability and to our investment

in our customers’ bottom line success.

Allied Telesyn focuses entirely on end-to-end, purpose-built Ethernet and IPapplications; with a complete line of networking products that includes Layer

2 switches, Layer 3 switches, carrier class fiber/copper Multiservice Access

Platforms, wireless access points, wireless adapter cards, and residential

gateways. No other networking vendor can match Allied Telesyn’s breadth

and depth of Ethernet products we are the leading manufacturer of media

converters, unmanaged Fast Ethernet switches and hubs, fiber optic network

adapters and other feature-rich interconnectivity products, worldwide.

Additionally, Allied Telesyn has developed a world class systems

engineering and support organization that ensures networks are designed

and implemented to handle the stress of providing voice, video and data

services.

With engineering, manufacturing, sales, and distribution divisionsstrategically located throughout the Americas, Europe, Asia and Japan,

Allied Telesyn is able to deploy solutions anywhere in the world, quickly and

efficiently. And by rigorously testing products in design and support centers

and leveraging our design and manufacturing competencies, Allied Telesyn

is able to offer solutions for the access edge that are both customized and

plug-and-play. This ideal combination helps our customers keep costs low,

speed network deployment and maximize network uptime.

Our customer-driven approachcombined with a pragmatic, value-based

pricing scheme and a superlative service organizationhas made Allied

Telesyn a global networking leader, with more than 17 years of continuous

profitability and products deployed in more than 50,000 companies in 30

countries and five continents. Allied Telesyn: the ideal choice for cost-

conscious IT professionals who are looking for high -quality, feature-rich

network solutions at a lower price.

www.a l l ied te lesyn.com

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