VICTORY AND DEFEAT IN THE GREEK WORLD

The Persian Wars Athens: most

wealthy Greek city-state

Ionian states were under Persian rule Greeks aid Ionians

in rebellion Darius I is furious

with Athenians and attacks

The Persian Wars Persians

Outnumber Athenian soldier

Athenians break through Persian lines

Athenian victory

The Persian Wars Victory for Athens

was short lived Xerxes

Sent much larger force to attack Greece

The Persian Wars Persians landed in Northern Greece

Met by allied Sparta and Leonidas After beating Spartans – moved south

towards Athens Lured into a strait Attacked by Greeks and lose battle

The Persian Wars Results

Gods had protected their superior form of government

Athens: remains most powerful city-state Created alliances

Athens in the Age of Pericles Considered

“golden age” Direct democracy Creation of a jury Ostracism

Athens in the Age of Pericles Economic and

Cultural Life Rebuilt the

Acropolis Built statues and

coliseums Economic

prosperity Emphasis on

thinkers, writers, artists

Peloponnesian War Athens’ power drew resentment from

other city-states Greek vs. Greek

Athens: geographic disadvantage Sparta eventually captures Athens

Peloponnesian War Results

Athens’ population drops because of disease

Athens rebounds and still remained the cultural center of Greece

Democratic government begins to fail Corruption Selfish interests

Answer Questions With A Partner Name two effects of the Persian Wars How did Pericles contribute to Athenian

society? How did the growth of the Athenian

power lead to war?

THE GLORY THAT WAS GREECE

Greek Philosophers Dealt with….

Math Reason Music Logic Rational thinking

Socrates Socratic method Patient

examination was a way to help others seek truth and self-knowledge

Guilt of corrupting youth and disrespecting the gods

Sentenced to death

Plato Socrates

understudy Wrote books

about Socrates’ ideas

Argued government should control every aspect of a citizens life

Aristotle Suspicious of

democracy Favored strong

rulers Questioned how

people ought to live

Left: Plato; Right: Aristotle

Arts and Architecture Architecture

Parthenon: temple for goddess Athena

Sculpture and Painting Natural poses Gods Goddesses Athletes

Poetry and Drama “classical style” Based on popular

myths and legends Tragedy

Plays that told stories of human suffering that usually ended in disaster

Comedies Humorous plays that

mocked people or customs

Answer Questions With A Partner Why do you think Plato rejected

democracy as a form of government? Describe Plato’s ideal form of

government How were Greek plays performed? What were the topics of Greek poetry

and plays?

ALEXANDER AND THE HELLENISTIC AGE

Alexander the Great Philip

Dreamed of conquering states to the South

Took over Greece Assassinated at

his daughter’s wedding

Alexander the Great Philip’s son

Alexander comes to power

Begins conquest of Persian empire 1st victory:

Granicus River 331 BC: Captured

Babylon

Alexander the Great India

Failed invasion – forced to retreat

Sudden Death Fell victim to a

fever Eventually three

generals will split up his empire

The Legacy of Alexander Spread of Greek culture Alexander, soldiers, traders, and artisans

all help create settlements based on Greek life

The Legacy of Alexander Alexandria

Heart of the Hellenistic world

City could be home to 1,000,000 people

Scholars: museums

Pharos of Alexandria - Lighthouse

The Legacy of Alexander Women

More learned to read and write

Advances in learning Earth rotated on

an axis Heliocentric: sun

centered solar system

Questions To Answer With Partner Where did Alexander’s empire extend

to? How did Alexander’s conquest lead to a

new civilization? Identify three advances in learning.