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Vicente B. Tuddao, Jr. Ph.D.Engr. Erlinda Gonzales
Department of Environment and Natural ResourcesPHILIPPINES
Land Area ..300,000 sq. km Population.. 89 million421 Principal River Basins20 Major River Basins79 lakes1,800 Km coastlines
The Manila Bay‐Pasig River‐Laguna Lake Water Resources Environment
Manila Bay
Laguna Lake
Pasig River Manila
Bay
Major Concerns and Issues affecting Water Environment in the Philippines
• Flooding of low lying areas‐ Flooding of Laguna Region and Metro Manila particularly due to increased frequency of high magnitude monsoon rains;
• Siltation and Sedimentation of water bodies• Low DO, high BOD, high TSS, Heavy metals in some water bodies near high economic activities/urban setting, High nutrients/organics
Major Concerns and Issues affecting Water Environment in the Philippines
• Pollution and over‐extraction of groundwater aquifers
• Drying up of rivers• Declining productivity of aquatic and marine water resources
• Declining biodiversity
Classification Beneficial Use
For Fresh Surface Waters ( rivers, lakes , reservoirs, etc.) Class AA : Public Water Supply • Waters that require disinfection to meet the National Standards for
Drinking Water (NSDW) Class A : Public Water Supply • Waters that require complete treatment to meet the NSDW
Class B : Recreational Water • Waters for primary contact recreation ( e.g. bathing , swimming, skin diving, etc.)
Class C • Water for fishery production • Recreational Water Class II ( boating etc.) • Industrial Water Supply Class I
Class D • For agriculture, irrigation, livestock watering • Industrial Water Supply Class II
For Coastal and Marine Waters (as amended by DAO 97-23) Class SA • Water suitable for fishery production • National marine parks and marine
reserves • Coral reefs parks and reserves
Class SB • Tourist zones and marine reserves • Recreational Water Class I • Fishery Class I for milkfish
Class SC • Recreational Water Class II ( e.g. boating) • Fishery Water Class II ( commercial) • Marshy and/or mangrove areas declared as fish and wildlife sanctuaries
Class SD • Industrial Water Supply Class II • Other coastal and marine waters
Classification of Water bodies According to Best Usage
The Philippine Water Quality Related Laws(Institutional Strengthening and Governance)
• Republic Act No. 9275, Clean Water Act (2004). ‐This law provides for the a program and regulations for the abatement and management of water pollution from point and non‐point sources.‐It introduces market‐based instruments (MBIs) such as the wastewater charge system that imposes fees based on the volume of effluents discharged. ‐ It strengthens enforcement by providing stiffer penalties for violations of standards. This law modified the permitting system in order to accommodate the fee system based on amount of pollution discharged.
Coliform Parameter
(a)
Class SB Criteria(MPN/100
mL)
(c)
Baseline Data(c)
Total Concentrati
on for Reduction(Geomean)
[(b.3)– (a)]
(b.1)2003
(b.2)2006
(b.3)2009
•Fecal Coliform
200 687 (Noveleta, Cavite 2) –
50,075 (Navotas Fishport)
289(Mattel, Bataan)-
41,746 (Luneta Park)
170 (Villa
Carmen, Bataan)
–32,902(Luneta Park)
32,702MPN/100mL(maximum
case)
•Total Coliform 1000
1,454 (Noveleta, Cavite 2) –87,775(Navotas Fishport)
795 (Mattel, Bataan)-62,586 (Luneta Park)
454 (Mattel, Bataan)-139,611 (Tanza, Cavite1)
138,611MPN/100mL(maximum
case)
Bacteriological Assessment of Manila Bay
*based on 14 monitoring stations
1st Quarter Dissolved Oxygen
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0M
anila
Bay
Jone
s
Nagt
ahan
Hava
na
Lam
bing
an
Sevi
lla
Mar
ikin
a
Gua
dalu
peBr
idge
Gua
dalu
peVi
ejo
Gua
dalu
peNu
evo
Buay
ang
Bato
Bam
bang
Varg
as
Napi
ndan
C6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
mg/
L
10-Jan10-Feb10-Mar
DO Std.
Passed
Failed
Pasig River Average concentration of Dissolved Oxygen (1st Quarter, 2010).
Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
Progress in the Implementation of Water Quality Governance in the Philippines
Status of Implementation (as of February 15, 2011)
Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency
Preparation of National Water Quality Status Report
Done National Water Quality Status Report was prepared and published 3 regional water quality status report prepared and published (Regions 3, 6, 12)
Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)
Preparation of a 10-year WQMA Action Plan
WQMA Action Planning for MMO River System; Iloilo-Batiano River System; and Sarangani Bay prepared
DENR
Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency
Designation of Water Quality Management Areas (WQMAs)
Officially designated WQMAs:
1.Areas within the Laguna Lake Development Authority (LLDA) jurisdiction
1.Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando River in Region 3 (DAO 2008-07)
2.Tigum-Aganan Watershed WQMA in Region 6 (DAO 2008-18)
1.Iloilo-Batiano River System WQMA in Region 6 (DAO 2009-11)
2.Sarangani Bay WQMA in Region 12(DAO 2010-12)
1.Silway River WQMA in Region 12 (DAO 2010-10)
DENR in coordination with National Water Resources Board (NWRB)
Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency
Constitution of the Governing Board
LLDA Board Resolution No. 374, series of 2008 declared the formal establishment of the Laguna de Bay Region WQMA Governing Board
In the DAO designating the WQMA, the creation of the Governing Board is already included. Thus, there is already a Governing Board for the Tigum-Aganan Watershed WQMA, MMO River System WQMA, Iloilo-Batiano River System WQMA, Sarangani Bay WQMA, and Silway River WQMA
DENR
Enforcement, review & revision of water quality guidelines
Proposed revised Water Quality Guidelines has been finalized
DENR
Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency
Review and setting of effluent standards
Proposed General Effluent Standards has been finalized
DENR
Establishment of internationally-accepted procedures for sampling and analysis of pollutants
Done Water Quality Monitoring Manual which contains the procedures for sampling has been prepared.
Review/revision of the Methods of Analysis of pollutants is incorporated in the proposed Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards
DENR
Formulation of testing procedures and establishment of accreditation system for laboratories
DoneReview/revision of the Testing Procedures is incorporated in the proposed DAO on Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards.
Guidelines/procedures of accreditation is on-going
DENR
Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency
Categorization of point & non-point sources of water pollution
List included in the Final Draft DAO on Water Quality Guidelines and General Effluent Standards
DENR
Classification or reclassification of all water bodies
Classification of water bodies is on-goingAs of 2009, a total of 650 water bodies (small and principal rivers) has been classified with 5 water bodies classified as Class AA and 205 water bodies classified as class A.
DENR
Establishment of wastewater charge formula
Discharge Permits
The wastewater charge formula was established in 2005 (DAO 2005-10) and adoption of the formula is on-going.
On going (Permit to Discharge required by DENR )
DENR
Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency
Formulation of guidelines for the re-use of wastewater for irrigation and other agricultural uses and for the prevention, control and abatement of pollution from agriculture and aquaculture activities
DA DAO 2007-26 (Guidelines on the Procedures and Technical Standards for the Issuance of a Certification Allowing for the Safe Re-use of Wastewater for the Purposes of Irrigaton and Other Agricultural Uses) was issued in 2007
Department of Agriculture (DA) in coordination with DENR
National Water Quality Management Fund
Draft guidelines for the operationalization of the fund prepared
DENR
Area Water Quality Management Fund
Draft guidelines prepared DENR
Provisions of Law Status Responsible Agency
Preparation of National Sewerage and SeptageManagement Program
The NSSMP was prepared by DPWH as the lead agency.
Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) in coordination with DENR, Local government Units (LGU)and other concerned agencies
Provisions of Law
Status Responsible Agency
Formulation of guidelines and standards for the collection, treatment and disposal of sewage
Done Guidelines can be found in Chapter 17 of the Supplemental IRR of the Sanitation Code (2004)
Department of Health (DOH) in coordination with other government agencies
Formulation of guidelines for the establishment and operation of centralized sewage treatment system
DoneGuidelines can be found in Chapter 17 of the Supplemental IRR of the Sanitation Code (2004)
DOH in coordination with other government agencies
Preparation of program for evaluation, verification, development and dissemination of pollution prevention and cleaner production technologies
Joint (DENR and DOST) Administrative Order 2006-01 (Environmental Technology Verification) was issued in 2006
DOST
Preparation and implementation of comprehensive and continuing public education and information program
Information and Education Campaign (IEC) Program by agencies are on-going
Department of Education (DepED), Commission on Higher Education (CHED), Diepartment of Interior and Local Government (DILG), Philippine Information Agency (PIA) in coordination with
Acknowledgment • Environmental Management Bureau• National Water Resources Board• Department of Agriculture• Greenpeace International• Manila Bay Coordinating Office• Laguna Lake Development Authority• Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission, and • The River Basin Control Office