GRADE 9 ENGLISH WORK PACK 2 (Weeks 4 and 5)

1 Mark work:Using the memos I sent last week, make sure you have marked the following:

- Active and Passive Voice- The summary- The comprehension- Radio advertising

2 Work progress:- On 24 April please email me to tell me how far you are with your work.- If you have not yet given me an update of how far you are in the last work

pack you must do so immediately.3 Spelling and vocabulary:

Learn the spelling and definitions for words 21-40. (I have attached those words below in case you don’t have your list with you.)

4 Literature:Do the other contextual questions for Part 2 (II) of Children of the Dust that are in your note pack.

5 Literature: Lockdown analysisDo the following instead of your diary entry for one day:

- Is your family under lockdown or are do you have essential service employees living with you?

- Have you noticed anything different to your (and your family’s) behaviour with regards to:

o What you wear every day?o What you eat?o The way you plan your meals?o Anything physical in your house? (For example, in my house the

table we normally eat at has had to become my desk.)o The way you interact with those around you?o Your moods and emotions?

The next day in the place of your diary entry do the following:Compare your experiences to Sarah and her family’s experiences in Children of the Dust. What are the similarities and what are the differences?

6 Language: Tense(See notes and exercise below.)

7 Poetry: LeviathanWork through the notes and questions below.

8 Poetry: This is Just to SayWork through the notes and questions below.

9 Language: ParticiplesDo the exercise below AFTER you have completed the exercise on TENSE.

Please read my message on the VG website under “News”.

Good luck!

GRADE 9 SPELLING LIST (words 21-40)

21 revolutionary Someone involved in great and sometimes violent change22 dictator All-powerful ruler, unlimited power23 degeneration Breaking down (A degenerate = a person with bad qualities)24 bereft Deprived25 flourish Thrive, grow vigorously, prosper26 immoral Having no morals/ deviant/ promiscuous27 autocratic Dictatorial, absolute ruler28 superiority Having a higher position29 excommunicate Officially excluded from being a member of a church30 vitrified Change into glass/ talk in a hostile manner31 gaunt Very thin32 reverence Looking up to someone with awe/wonder/respect33 primitive Not cultured/ unsophisticated34 loathe Hate35 stagnant No movement/dull/sluggish36 settlement Place where people live37 congenital Existing from birth (especially disease)38 radioactive Emission of radiation/nuclear/atomic matter39 psychic Having telepathic/supernatural powers40 elite A select group considered to be superior

TENSE

Tense is concerned with two parts: (a) TIME (b) ASPECT

(a) The first part is about TIME: Past, Present and FutureThe tense tells when the action took place.

Past (already happened) verb + ed I painted a picture.Present (now) verb I paint a picture.Future (later) will/shall + verb I shall paint a picture.

Complete the following table by first filling in the Past and Present columns and then the Future column. [The answers are beneath so cover them until you have filled in the table; then check your answers.]

PAST TENSE PRESENT TENSE FUTURE TENSE1 I forget.2 You drove.3 Tomorrow they will begin.4 It flew.

ANSWERS:PAST TENSE PRESENT TENSE FUTURE TENSE

1 I forgot. I forget. I shall forget.2 You drove. You drive. You will drive.3 Yesterday they

began/had begunToday they (will) begin.

Tomorrow they will begin.

4 It flew. It flies. It will fly.

(b) The second part is called ASPECT: Simple, Continuous and Perfect

SIMPLE CONTINUOUS PERFECTSomething you

generally doHappening at the moment Already completed

PAST I drove I was driving. I had driven.PRESENT

I drive I am driving. I have driven.

FUTURE I shall drive I shall be driving. I shall have driven.

If you are going to describe the TENSE of a verb you must include both TIME and ASPECT e.g. Sibu was walking home. TENSE = past continuous

Work out the tense of each of the following:1. I am running on a dirt track.2. You will see me again.3. He is crazy.4. By supper time tomorrow night I will have finished my homework.

ANSWERS:

Sentence Answer1. I am running on a dirt track. Present Continuous2. You will see me again. Future Simple3. He is crazy. Present Simple4. By supper time tomorrow night I will have finished my homework.

Future Perfect

Now do the following exercises to check that you have understood.

Exercise 1: Complete the following table

Simple Continuous (gets –ing) Perfect

Present Lara talks a lot.

Past Lara had talked a lot.

Future Lara will be talking a lot.

/6/

Exercise 2: State which tense the following sentences have been written in.1. Mihle swims well.2. Emma was getting tired when Mr Wright blew the whistle.3. Sachuma had not been speaking when Ms Mbambo got angry.4. Ms Zamani will love her Gr 10 class next year. /4/

Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences in the tense given in brackets.1. Lisakhanya does not like the song. (past simple)2. In 2021 Soso will have been a vegetarian for two years. (past perfect)

3. Lianke will be wearing her hair down tomorrow. (future simple)4. Chulu was drawing a sun on her spring poem. (past perfect) 5. Choneez is skipping. (future continuous)

/5/

Now you can mark your work.ANSWERS

Exercise 1Simple Continuous (gets –ing) Perfect

Present Lara talks a lot. Lara is talking a lot. Lara has talked a lot.

Past Lara talked a lot. Lara was talking a lot. Lara had talked a lot.

Future Lara will talk a lot. Lara will be talking a lot. Lara will have talked a lot.

/6/

Exercise 2

1. Present Simple2. Past Continuous3. Past Perfect4. Future Simple /4/

Exercise 31. Lisakhanya did not like the song.2. In 2021 Soso had been a vegetarian for two years. 3. Lianke will wear her hair down tomorrow. 4. Chulu had drawn a sun on her spring poem. 5. Choneez will be skipping. /5/

______________________________________________________________________

POETRY: “Leviathan” by Douglas Livingstone

Read the following poem and then work through the notes and questions below.

A puff-adder, khaki,fatter than a stocking of pusexcept for its short thin tail,obese and quickas certain light footed dancers 5took a dozing lizard.

Scaly little monsterwith delicate hands and feetstupidly sluggish in the sun.Panting, true, 10but lizards breathe mostlyas if their lives depended.

Gone.Enveloped by a slackwormy yellow bowel. 15

O Jonah, to tumble tothose sickly deadly depths,slick walled, implacably black.

Puff adders are fat snakes that look like they can’t move fast, but it is not true. They are very poisonous.

Leviathans are sea monsters.

Jonah refers to the story of “Jonah and the Whale” from the Bible. Jonah was swallowed whole by the whale but then God intervened and the whale spat him out and he was fine!

Think of the disgusting image that is described in line 2. Line 5: this is a simile comparing the snake to a dancer. (Being a very good

dancer has nothing to do with one’s size. Someone can be quite fat but move very well and quickly.)

Line 6: “Took” here means that he ate it.

Questions1. What does the title of the poem “Leviathan” refer to? Considering what the

poem is about, why is the title effective? (2)

2. What kind of feeling does the mention of “pus” (line 2) give the reader? (1) 3. Explain the contradiction in line 4. (2)

4. What animal does the phrase “scaly little monster” (line 7) refer to? (1) 5. Identify the sound device in line 9 and explain why it is effective. (2)

6. According to the poem, how do lizards normally breathe? (1)

7. Line 12 is an incomplete sentence. Re-write it so that it is complete. (1) 8. (a) Why is the word “Gone” written in its own line? (1)

(b) What has gone where and how? (3)

9. Explain why the word “enveloped” (line 14) is effective. (2)

10. What is clever about the vowel and consonant that the poet has chosen to repeat in line 15? (2)

11. Why is the lizard compared to Jonah? (1)

12. Give a synonym for the word “implacably” and explain the meaning of the word in your own words. (1)

Total: 20

This is Just to Say – William Carlos Williams (Please stick this worksheet into your poetry book.)Getting connected: take five minutes to write a short paragraph about the following topic.

Have you ever done something you shouldn’t have and then owned up? How did you do it?

Read the poem below:This is just to say – William Carlos Williams

I have eatenthe plumsthat were inthe icebox

and whichyou were probablysavingfor breakfast

Forgive methey were deliciousso sweetand so cold

Some notes Williams wrote a quick note to his wife one morning and stuck it on the refrigerator before heading off to

work. It turned out to be a very short poem and became one of his most popular creations when it was published in 1934.

If you read this poem and think, "I don't get it, anyone could write something like that," then, actually, you've got it. The hardest part about this poem is getting over our preconceptions about poetry. Williams thinks that poems don't have to be complicated and hard to read. They can be about something that happens every day, and they can be written in everyday language. As long as something strikes us as true to a human emotion, then it's a poem.

Read the poem below:Variation on a theme by Williams Carlos William - Tino VillanuevaI have eaten the tamalesthat were onthe stove heating

and which you were probably having for dinner

Perdonamethey were requisimosso juicyand so steaming hot

Your Task (on a piece of paper – remember to write your name)Write a poem in which you either create a South African version of Williams’s poem. You may add some words of isiXhosa or Afrikaans to give it that “authentic flavour”.

Answer the following questions: (In your poetry book)

1. What is the setting of this poem? (1) 2. What is an “ice-box”? (1)3. How do you think the person he wrote to felt when she found this note? (2) 4. How is the speaker feeling in stanzas one and two? (1) 5. In the third stanza, there is a change of tone. Why do you think he

describes the taste of the plums? (1)6. What is the technique called when lines “run on” to each other without any

punctuation? (1)7. How genuine is the apology? Explain your answer. (1)

/8/

Glossary:

Tamales – A South American dish (corn-based dough)steamed in banana leaves and filled with meat, cheese, veg – anything really!

Perdoname – Forgive me

Requisimos – delicious

Tino Villanueva (the author of this poem) is from Mexico, and decided to write a South American variation of the poem. He possibly did this to show how Williams’s poem has universal aspects – the same things happen in families all over the world! Since his

PARTICIPLES (These are types of verbs and are parts of finite verbs.)

This is quite a difficult concept, so go through the notes slowly and don’t give up! The answers are given at the end. Don’t look at the

answers until you have tried to answer the questions.

There are two types of participles:1. Verbal Participles :

- Some participles are non-finite verbs i.e. they are incomplete verbs. - They need auxiliary (helping) verbs added to them to make them into

finite (complete) verbs. e.g. “I playing squash.” This is not a complete sentence because

“playing” is not a finite verb; it is a participle (part of a verb).

There are a variety of auxiliary verbs that you can add to the participle to make it a finite verb. One is “am” i.e. “I am playing squash.” What others could one add?

There are two types of Verbal Participles: Present Participles and Past Participles. - Present participles always end in -ing e.g. walking, singing, jumping,

swimming.- Past participles often end in –ed e.g. parted, scrambled, but they can

also end in other suffixes, like –en e.g. eaten

Participles with their auxiliary verbs are often used to form the tense of a verb. e.g. I was swimming. (Past tense)

I am swimming. (Present tense)I will be swimming. (Future tense)

2. Adjectival Participles : These look like verbs but act as adjectives.e.g. 1 “Parted friends soon forget.”e.g. 2 “A swimming gala was held on Friday.”

Participles exercise

Put [ ] around all finite verbs. Underline the participles. Explain their functions (i.e. say if they are verbal or

adjectival). Write down the tense of each finite verb.

The first one has been done for you.

1. He has kicked the ball.He [has kicked {verbal}] the ball. Present Perfect

2. The grinning boy kissed Sihle.

3. The boy, who was grinning, had kissed Sihle.

4. You will be picked for the team.

5. Injured and bruised, she hobbled off the field.

6. A crumbling wall is at the bottom of the road.

Participles exercise (MEMO)

1. He [has kicked {verbal}] the ball.Present Perfect

2. The grinning {adjectival} boy [kissed] Sihle.Past Simple

3. The boy, who [was grinning {verbal}], [had kissed {verbal}] Sihle.Past continuous (grinning) and Past Perfect (kissed)

4. You [will be picked {verbal}] for the team.

Future Simple

5. Injured {adjectival} and bruised {adjectival}, she [hobbled] off the field.Past Simple

6. A crumbling {adjectival} wall [is] at the bottom of the road.Present Simple