Veterinary Terminology

MR. PACE

Veterinary Terminology

Veterinary Terminology

At the completion of this unit students will be able toMatch scientific names with their appropriate

speciesDefine medical terms related to each body systemIdentify prefixes, suffixes, and root words, in order

to define medical termsDecipher directional terminologyDefine medical abbreviationsExtract and interpret information from realistic

medical documents

Scientific Names of Animals

Common Name Latin Species NameDog Canis CanineCat Felis FelineHorse Equus EquineCattle Bos BovineSheep Ovis OvineGoat Capra CaprinePig Sus PorcineBird Avis AvianMouse Mus MurineRat Rattus Murine

Body System Terms

Your body is made up of many systems, each having their own vital parts that work together. (Interdependent) This list represents your bodily systems and the specific parts that comprise them:

Body System Terms

Skeletal : Bones and jointsMuscular: Muscles and tendonsIntegumentary: Skin, hair, nails, and glands

in skin

Body System Terms

Sensory: Eyes, ears, nose, skin receptors, and mouth

Cardiovascular: Heart, blood vessels, and blood

Lymphatic: Tonsils, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, and lymph fluid

Body System Terms

Respiratory: Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs

Gastrointestinal: Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder

Endocrine: Hormones, Pituitary gland, thyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads

Body System Terms

Nervous: Brain, spinal cord, ganglia, nerves, and sensory organs

Urinary: Kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra

Reproductive: Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina in females; testes, ducts, penis, urethra, and prostate in males

Medical Terms

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ODGA7ssL-6g

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ob2OdD0PMnI

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9EU4DtsJBY0







Medical Terms

Medical Terms are composed of word part combinations consisting of: Prefix Root Combining vowel Suffix

Medical Terms: PREFIXES

Consists of one or more syllablesPlaced at the beginning of wordCan NEVER stand alone

Like the train’s engine with its whistle Leads the train and announces the coming train Without the box cars there is not a complete train


A- No, not, without away fromBrady- SlowDys- Bad, difficult, painfulEpi- UpperEryth- RedHemi- HalfHemo- BloodHyper- Above, increased, or more than

normalHypo- Below, Under, or decreasedInfra- Below or beneath


Inter- BetweenIntra- WithinMeta- BeyondPoly- ManySub- Below, under, or decreasedSuper- Above, increased, or more than

normalSupra- Above, increased, or more than

normalTachy- FastTrans- AcrossUltra- Above, increased, or more than

normal


For example: operative Pre- means before. Preoperative means before or

preceding an operation Peri- means around. Perioperative means pertaining to

the period around an operation; before, during or after

Post- means after. Postoperative means after an operation


PRACTIC

E• a-, an- (without or not having)• brady- (slow)• de- (remove, take away, loss of)• dys- (difficult, troubled)• hyper- (high)

1. _________ biotic(against life)

2. _________thermia(high temperature)

3. _________horn(remove the horn)

Medical Terms: ROOT WORDS

ROOT- Main part and core meaning of word Gives you a general idea of what you’re dealing with

Medical Terms: ROOT WORDSTerm DefinitionAbdomin/o AbdomenAden/o GlandAudi/o HearingBio LifeBrachi/o ArmBronchi/o BronchusCarcin/o CancerCardi/o HeartCephal/p HeadCol/o ColonCyt/o CellDent/i/o TeethDerm/a/o – Dermat/o SkinEncephal/o Brain

Medical Terms: ROOT WORDSTerm DefinitionGastr/o StomachGynec/o FemaleHemat/o BloodHist/o – Histi/o TissueIntestin/o IntestineLapar/o Abdomen, loin, flankLymph/o Lymph vesselsMamm/a – Mamm/o Mammary GlandNas/o NoseOpthalm/o EyeOt/o EarSteth/o ChestThorac/o ThoraxTrache/o Trachea

Medical Terms: SUFFIXES

End of a wordIndicates procedure, condition, disease, or

disorder.Cannot stand alone

Like a caboose, its always last

MEDICAL TERMS: SUFFIXESTerm Definition-algia Pain-cyte Cell-ectomy Surgical removal-graphy Recording of-iasis Infestation or infection-ism State or condition-itis Inflammation-lysis Destruction of-megaly Abnormally large-ology/ologist Specialist/study of-oma Tumor-osis Abnormal condition-oxia oxygen


Term Definition-pathy Disease-penia Deficiency of-phagia Eating, swallowing-plegia Paralysis, stroke-pnea Breathing-sclerosis Abnormal hardening-scope Instrument for examining-sepsis Infection-spasm Involuntary contraction-stasis Control, constant level-stenosis Narrowing-tomy-toxin

Cutting, incisionPoison

Medical Terms:COMBINING FORMS

Many medical words need a letter to connect the prefix to the root or the root to the suffix

Medical Terms:COMBINING FORMS

Vowel commonly used: “o”If the suffix starts with a consonant connect

the root word and the suffix with the vowel “o”

Root Word + CV Suffix New word

Cardi + -O- -logyCardiology

“heart” Study of Study of the heart

MEDICAL TERMS:COMBINING FORMS

If the suffix starts with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) DO NOT USE the vowel “o”. Just attach the suffix to the root word.

Root Word + Suffix New word

Hepat/o -osis Hepatosisliver -disease process Disease in the liver

Medical terms:Combining Forms

If the suffix begins with the same vowel as the root word, DO NOT repeat the vowel.

Root word+ Suffix New wordCardi -itis Carditisheart -inflammation of -inflammation of the heart

Medical Terms: Suffixes

WordErthrocyte:Appendectomy:Cardiomegaly:Arthritis:Biology:Carcinoma:Stethoscope:Dermatitis:HemolysisHemiplegia:

PRACTICE


MeaningRed Blood CellTo surgically remove appendixAbnormally large heartInflammation of the jointsThe study of lifeCancerous tumorInstrument for examining heartInflammation of skinDestruction of bloodParalysis of ½ the body

Medical Terms: Practice

Any of these combinations work: Prefix + Suffix Prefix + Root Root + Suffix Prefix + Root + Suffix

Prefixes never stand alone Suffixes never stand alone

Medical Terms

DICE ACTIVITY

Directional Terminology

Doctors and Veterinarians use specific terminology to identify certain locations on the body


Caudal – towards the tailCranial – towards the head (Frontal)


Deep – further from the surfaceSuperficial – closer to the surface


Dorsal – along the back or uppermost surfaceVentral – along the belly


Distal – part of the limb furthest from the body

Proximal – part of the limb closest to the body


Anterior – front of the animalPosterior – rear of the animal


Median – body plane that divides the animal into “equal” right and left halves


Sagittal – any body plane that is parallel to the median plane (doesn’t divide equally)


Transverse – body plane that divides the body into cranial and caudal parts


Lateral – the far side of the animalMedial – the near side of the animal


Gummy Bear LabEach student needs:

1 Lab Sheet1 Plastic Knife

10 Gummy Bears

Medical Abbreviations

Do you know these?

LOL

BFF GR82nte

BRB IDK

TGIFTTFN

OMGNBD

BTW

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T6s3d2wdXVg





How about these?

lbsml

CWT

hdtsp

hr

qt

min

Medical AbbreviationsAbbreviations Definitionad lib As much as

desiredsid One time dailybid Two times dailytid Three times

dailyqid Four times dailyqh Every hourw/o With outstat immediatelyn normalDSH Domestic Short

HairDLH Domestic Long

HairDX Diagnosis


Abbreviation DefinitionHx HistoryRx PrescriptionSx SurgeryFeLV Feline Leukemia VirusFIA Feline Infectious AnemiaFIP Feline Infectious PeritonitisECG ElectrocardiogramICU Intensive Care Unitcc Cubic Centimeterml Milliliterwt Weight


Abbreviation DefinitionHR Heart ratePCV Packed Cell Volumesg Specific gravityTPR Temp, Pulse, RespirationUA, U/A UrinalysisIM IntramuscularIP IntraperitonealIV IntravenousSub-Q Subcutaneous


Abbreviations Definitionrbc Red blood cellwbc White blood cellDVM Doctor of Vet. MedicineCNS Central Nervous SystemGI GastrointestinalDOA Dead on arrivalDOB Date of Birth

FemaleMale

V/D Vomiting and DiarrheaNSF No Significant findingsPE Physical Examination


Abbreviation DefinitionL LeftR RightHBC Hit by carbdg Bit by dogNPO Nothing by mouthUTI Urinary tract infectionCRT Capillary Refill TmeE&D Eating and Drinking

Medical AbbreviationsCommon Abbreviations

Abbreviation MeaningD DorsalDLH Domestic Long HairDSH Domestic Short HairDVM Doctor of Veterinary MedicineF FemaleICU Intensive Care UnitK-9 DogM Male

Medical AbbreviationsCommon Abbreviations

Abbreviation MeaningNM Neutered MaleO OwnerS/R Suture(sew) removalS/SF Spayed or Spayed FemaleStat ImmediatelySX SurgeryWk Weeky/ yr Year

Medical AbbreviationsPatient History

Abbreviation MeaningBM Bowel MovementD DorsalDOB Date of BirthHBC Hit By CarU UrineV VomitingV/D Vomiting/ Diarrhea

Medical AbbreviationsPhysical Exams

Abbreviation Meaning+ PositiveBAR bright, alert, responsiveCRT capillary refill timeDX DiagnosisFeLV Feline leukemia virusFIP Feline infectious peritonitisFIV Feline immunodeficiency virusHR hourL leftN or (-) NegativeNR Not RelatedNSF No significant findings

Medical AbbreviationsPhysical Exams

Abbreviation MeaningPE Physical examinationPx Physical examinationQAR Quiet, Alert, ResponsiveR respirationRR respiratory rateRx PrescriptionTPR temperature, pulse, respirationTX Treatment URI Upper Respiratory InfectionUTI Urinary Tract InfectionWNL within normal limits (also: we

never looked)Wt Weight

Medical AbbreviationsPharmacy

Abbreviation MeaningBID [Latin] Bis in die, twice a dayCC Cubic CentimeterD DaysEOD Every Other DayH HospitalKG kilogramMG Milligram

Medical AbbreviationsPharmacy

Abbreviation MeaningML MilliliterNPO Nothing By MouthPO by mouth, orallyPRN As neededQD Every dayQH Every hourQid Four times a dayTid Three times a day

Medical AbbreviationsLaboratory

Abbreviation MeaningBX BiopsyCBC Complete blood countCHEM ChemicalHW Heartworm PCV percent of bloodRBC red blood cellsT4 ThyroxineUA urinalysisWBC White Blood Cell

Medical AbbreviationsRoutes of Medicinal Administration

Abbreviation MeaningIM IntramuscularIN IntranasalIV IntraveniousPO by mouth, orallySQ subcutaneous


Practice…….Administer 2cc per 10lbs, bidRx: 6mLIM qidVaccinate for FIA, FeLV, and FIP

Case Studies

Physical examinationBilbo a neutered male dog, was quiet but alert and responsive. Body condition score was 5/9. Mucous membranes were pale but capillary refill time was normal. Respiratory rate was 40 breaths per minute with some increased effort; heart rate was 160 beats per minute. Thoracic auscultation revealed a grade 4/6 left systolic murmur in the mitral area; faint diffuse crackles were heard in the lungs, no arrhythmias were heard. Abdominal palpation was unremarkable. Pulses were fair and regular.

Capillary Refill Time(checking for dehydration)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7RG6Li64VXM



Case Studies

http://www.idexx.com//view/xhtml/en_us/smallanimal/education/reference-library/case-studies/h1n1case-study.jsf?SSOTOKEN=0

http://www.idexx.com/view/xhtml/en_us/smallanimal/education/reference-library/case-studies/h1n1case-study.jsf?SSOTOKEN=0




Case Studies

Physical examinationYofie NM, DLH, was thin but BAR and aggressive at times during PX. His mucous membranes were pink, with a CRT of less than 3 seconds; his TPR were all WNL. His body condition score (BCS) of 3/5 represented wt loss since his last office visit, 3 yr ago (BCS: 4/5). His activity score was 7/10 ("10" being normal activity level as perceived by the client). Auscultation of the heart and lungs and abdominal palpation were WNL.

Documents

Veterinary Terminology