Introduction to Microeconomics Spring 2011 Exam 1

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. The following diagram shows a budget constraint for a particular consumer.

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 x

10

20

30

40

y

If the price of X is $10, what is the price of Y?a. $70b. $25c. $15d. $35

Table 3-3

Assume that Zimbabwe and Portugal can switch between producing toothbrushes and producing hairbrushes at a constant rate.

Machine MinutesNeeded to Make 1

Toothbrush HairbrushZimbabwe 3 10Portugal 5 6

____ 2. Refer to Table 3-3. Zimbabwe has an absolute advantage in the production of a. hairbrushes and a comparative advantage in the production of toothbrushes.b. toothbrushes and a comparative advantage in the production of toothbrushes.c. hairbrushes and a comparative advantage in the production of hairbrushes.d. toothbrushes and a comparative advantage in the production of hairbrushes.

____ 3. Mallory decides to spend three hours working overtime rather than watching a video with her friends. She earns $8 an hour. Her opportunity cost of working isa. nothing, since she would have received less than $24 of enjoyment from the video.b. the enjoyment she would have received had she watched the video.c. the $24 she earns working.d. the $24 minus the enjoyment she would have received from watching the video.

____ 4. The law of demand states that, other things equal,a. when the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded of the good rises.b. when the price of a good falls, the demand for the good rises.c. when the price of a good falls, the quantity demanded of the good rises.d. when the price of a good rises, the demand for the good falls.

____ 5. The demand curve for hot dogs

a. does not shift when the price of hot dogs changes because the quantity demanded of hot dogs is measured on the horizontal axis of the graph.

b. shifts when the price of hot dogs changes because the price of hot dogs is measured on the vertical axis of the graph.

c. shifts when the price of hot dogs changes because the quantity demanded of hot dogs is measured on the horizontal axis of the graph.

d. does not shift when the price of hot dogs changes because the price of hot dogs is measured on the vertical axis of the graph.

Table 3-4

Assume that the farmer and the rancher can switch between producing meat and producing potatoes at a constant rate.

Labor Hours Neededto Make 1 Pound of

Pounds Producedin 40 Hours

Meat Potatoes Meat PotatoesFarmer 10 2 4 20Rancher 4 8 10 5

____ 6. Refer to Table 3-4. Assume that the farmer and the rancher each has 40 labor hours available. If each person spends all his time producing the good in which he has a comparative advantage, then total production is a. 14 pounds of meat and 25 pounds of potatoes.b. 24 pounds of meat and 15 pounds of potatoes.c. 4 pounds of meat and 5 pounds of potatoes.d. 10 pounds of meat and 20 pounds of potatoes.

____ 7. In a market economy, economic activity is guided bya. corporations.b. central planners.c. the government.d. self-interest and prices.

Figure 5-6

A

B

C

Demand

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 Quantity

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

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22Price

____ 8. Refer to Figure 5-6. If the price decreased from $18 to $6,a. total revenue would decrease by $800, and demand is inelastic between points A and C.b. total revenue would increase by $800, and demand is elastic between points A and C.c. total revenue would increase by $1,200, and demand is elastic between points A and C.d. total revenue would decrease by $1,200, and demand is inelastic between points A and C.

Figure 5-14

Supply

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Quantity

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10Price

____ 9. Refer to Figure 5-14. Using the midpoint method, what is the price elasticity of supply between $4 and $6?a. 1.00b. 1.25c. 1.20d. 0.75

____ 10. Which of the following statements is not correct concerning government attempts to reduce the flow of illegal drugs into the country?a. Drug interdiction shifts the supply curve of drugs to the left.b. Drug interdiction raises prices and total revenue in the drug market.c. Drug interdiction shifts the demand curve for drugs to the left.d. Drug interdiction can increase drug-related crime.

____ 11. The labor supply curve may have a backward bending portion because at higher wages thea. income effect is smaller than the substitution effect.b. income effect is negative.c. income effect is larger than the substitution effect.d. Any of the above could result in a backward-bending supply curve.

____ 12. To improve living standards, policymakers shoulda. impose tougher immigration policies.b. provide tax breaks for the middle class.c. formulate policies designed to increase productivity.d. impose restrictions on foreign competition.

Scenario 5-3Milk has an inelastic demand and beef has an elastic demand. Suppose that a mysterious increase in bovine infertility decreases both the population of dairy cows and the population of beef cattle by 50 percent.

____ 13. Refer to Scenario 5-3. Total consumer spending on milk willa. increase, and total consumer spending on beef will decrease.b. increase, and total consumer spending on beef will increase.c. decrease, and total consumer spending on beef will decrease.d. decrease, and total consumer spending on beef will increase.

Figure 21-9

____ 14. Refer to Figure 21-9. Bundle C represents a point where a. MRSxy = Px/Py.b. MRSxy < Px/Py.c. MRSxy > Px/Py.d. MRSxy > Py/Px.

Figure 2-8

Panel (a) Panel (b)

J

KL

M

N

cups of coffee

1 2 3 4 5 6 donuts

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

5.5

6

6.5

7cups of coffee

1 2 3 4 5 6 donuts

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

5.5

6

6.5

7

____ 15. Refer to Figure 2-8, Panel (a). The opportunity cost of moving from point J to point L isa. 2 cups of coffee.b. 2 donuts.c. 2 donuts and 2 cups of coffee.d. 6 cups of coffee.

____ 16. Over time, housing shortages caused by rent controla. increase, because the demand for and supply of housing are less elastic in the long run.b. increase, because the demand for and supply of housing are more elastic in the long run.c. decrease, because the demand for and supply of housing are less elastic in the long run.d. decrease, because the demand for and supply of housing are more elastic in the long run.

Figure 21-8

(a)

x

y (b)

x

y (c)

x

y

____ 17. Refer to Figure 21-8. Which of the graphs shown represent indifference curves for perfect complements?a. graph ab. graph cc. graph bd. All of the above are correct.

____ 18. Suppose you make jewelry. If the price of gold falls, then we would expect you to

a. face a greater demand for your jewelry.b. face a weaker demand for your jewelry.c. be willing and able to produce more jewelry than before at each possible price.d. be willing and able to produce less jewelry than before at each possible price.

____ 19. Which of the following is not held constant in a supply schedule?a. technologyb. expectationsc. the price of the goodd. the prices of inputs

____ 20. Suppose the incomes of buyers in a market for a particular normal good decrease and there is also a reduction in input prices. What would we expect to occur in this market?a. Equilibrium price would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.b. Equilibrium quantity would decrease, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.c. Equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be

ambiguous.d. Equilibrium quantity would increase, but the impact on equilibrium price would be

ambiguous.____ 21. Buyers and sellers who have no influence on market price are referred to as

a. monopolists.b. price makers.c. price takers.d. market pawns.

____ 22. The following diagram shows two budget lines: A and B.

B

A

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10y

Which of the following could explain the change in the budget line from A to B?a. a decrease in income and a decrease in the price of Xb. an increase in income and a decrease in the price of Xc. a decrease in income and an increase in the price of Xd. an increase in income and an increase in the price of X

____ 23. When we move upward and to the left along a linear, downward-sloping demand curve, price elasticity of demanda. first becomes larger, then smaller.b. first becomes smaller, then larger.

c. always becomes larger.d. always becomes smaller.

____ 24. People are willing to pay more for a diamond than for a bottle of water becausea. producers of diamonds have a much greater ability to manipulate diamond prices than

producers of water have to manipulate water prices.b. water prices are held artificially low by governments, since water is necessary for life. c. the marginal benefit of an extra diamond far exceeds the marginal benefit of an extra

bottle of water.d. the marginal cost of producing an extra diamond far exceeds the marginal cost of

producing an extra bottle of water.____ 25. Workers at a bicycle assembly plant currently earn the mandatory minimum wage. If the federal government

increases the minimum wage by $1.00 per hour, then it is likely that thea. supply of bicycles will shift to the left.b. supply of bicycles will shift to the right.c. firm must increase output to maintain profit levels.d. demand for bicycle assembly workers will increase.

____ 26. A minimum wage that is set above a market's equilibrium wage will result in a. an excess supply of labor, that is, unemployment.b. an excess demand for labor, that is, a shortage of workers.c. an excess demand for labor, that is, unemployment.d. an excess supply of labor, that is, a shortage of workers.

____ 27. If the cross-price elasticity of two goods is negative, then those two goods area. necessities.b. complements.c. normal goods.d. inferior goods.

____ 28. When the price of a normal good increases, a. both the income and substitution effects encourage the consumer to purchase more of the

good.b. both the income and substitution effects encourage the consumer to purchase less of the

good.c. the income effect encourages the consumer to purchase less of the good, and the

substitution effect encourages the consumer to purchase more of the good.d. the income effect encourages the consumer to purchase more of the good, and the

substitution effect encourages the consumer to purchase less of the good.____ 29. Which of the following expressions represents a cross-price elasticity of demand?

a. percentage change in quantity demanded of bread divided by percentage change in incomeb. percentage change in quantity demanded of bread divided by percentage change in

quantity supplied of breadc. percentage change in quantity demanded of bread divided by percentage change in price of

butterd. percentage change in price of bread divided by percentage change in quantity demanded of

bread____ 30. Suppose buyers of computers and printers regard those two goods as complements. Then an increase in the

price of computers will causea. a decrease in the demand for printers and a decrease in the quantity supplied of printers.b. a decrease in the supply of printers and a decrease in the quantity demanded of printers.c. a decrease in the equilibrium price of printers and an increase in the equilibrium quantity

of printers.

d. an increase in the equilibrium price of printers and a decrease in the equilibrium quantity of printers.

____ 31. If the price elasticity of demand for a good is 4.0, then a 10 percent increase in price results in aa. 0.4 percent decrease in the quantity demanded.b. 2.5 percent decrease in the quantity demanded.c. 40 percent decrease in the quantity demanded.d. 4 percent decrease in the quantity demanded.

____ 32. Two goods are complements when a decrease in the price of one gooda. decreases the demand for the other good.b. increases the quantity demanded of the other good.c. increases the demand for the other good.d. decreases the quantity demanded of the other good.

____ 33. Senator Smith argues that replacing the income tax with a national sales tax would increase the level of output. Senator Wells objects that this policy would benefit the rich at the expense of the poor.a. Senator Smith’s argument is primarily about efficiency, while Senator Well’s argument is

primarily about equality.b. Both Senators’ arguments are primarily about equality.c. Both Senators’ arguments are primarily about efficiency.d. Senator Smith’s argument is primarily about equality, while Senator Well’s argument is

primarily about efficiency.____ 34. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. The demand for natural gas is more elastic over a short period of time than over a long period of time.

b. The demand for bourbon whiskey is more elastic than the demand for alcoholic beverages in general.

c. The demand for smoke alarms is more elastic than the demand for Persian rugs.d. All of the above are correct.

Figure 4-10

S

D

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 quantity

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50price

____ 35. Refer to Figure 4-10. If the price is $10, then there would be aa. surplus of 600 and price would rise.b. surplus of 400 and price would rise.c. shortage of 400 and price would rise.d. shortage of 600 and price would rise.

____ 36. Which of the following would not shift the supply curve for mp3 players?a. an improvement in the technology used to produce mp3 playersb. a decrease in the number of sellers of mp3 playersc. an increase in the price of mp3 playersd. an increase in the price of plastic, an input into the production of mp3 players

____ 37. Which of the following descriptions best depicts the substitution effect?a. the change in consumption resulting from a change in the price of one good, allowing the

consumer's level of satisfaction to changeb. the change in consumption resulting from a change in the consumer's income, holding the

prices of the goods constantc. the change in consumption resulting from a change in the price of one good, holding the

consumer's level of satisfaction constantd. the change in consumption resulting from a change in the consumer's income, holding the

consumer's level of satisfaction constant____ 38. You are in charge of the local city-owned golf course. You need to increase the revenue generated by the golf

course in order to meet expenses. The mayor advises you to decrease the price of a round of golf. The city manager recommends increasing the price of a round of golf. You realize thata. both the mayor and the city manager think that demand is elastic.b. the mayor thinks demand is inelastic, and the city manager thinks demand is elastic.c. the mayor thinks demand is elastic, and the city manager thinks demand is inelastic.d. both the mayor and the city manager think that demand is inelastic.

____ 39. When a shortage exists in a market, sellersa. lower price, which increases quantity demanded and decreases quantity supplied, until the

shortage is eliminated.b. raise price, which decreases quantity demanded and increases quantity supplied, until the

shortage is eliminated.c. lower price, which decreases quantity demanded and increases quantity supplied, until the

shortage is eliminated.d. raise price, which increases quantity demanded and decreases quantity supplied, until the

shortage is eliminated.____ 40. Suppose the government has imposed a price ceiling on cellular phones. Which of the following events could

transform the price ceiling from one that is binding to one that is not binding?a. Traditional land line phones become more expensive.b. Cellular phones become more popular.c. The components used to produce cellular phones become more expensive.d. A technological advance makes cellular phone production less expensive.

____ 41. Which of the following events will definitely cause equilibrium quantity to rise?a. demand decreases and supply increasesb. demand increases and supply decreasesc. demand and supply both decreased. demand and supply both increase

____ 42. Which of the following is an example of a normative, as opposed to positive, statement?a. If the government were to set a maximum legal price on gasoline, then there would be a

shortage of gasoline.b. The price of gasoline came down sharply during the second half of 2006.c. The federal government obtains much of its revenue from income taxes.d. Income taxes should be reduced.

____ 43. The rate at which a consumer is willing to exchange one good for another, and maintain a constant level of satisfaction, is called the

a. value of marginal product.b. marginal rate of substitution.c. relative expenditure ratio.d. relative price ratio.

Figure 4-3

D' D

quantity

price

____ 44. Refer to Figure 4-3. The movement from D to D’ could be caused bya. a technological advance.b. a decrease in the price of a complement.c. a decrease in the price of a substitute.d. an increase in price.

____ 45. A production possibilities frontier is bowed outward whena. the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced depends on how much of each

good is being produced.b. an economy is self-sufficient instead of interdependent and engaged in trade.c. the more resources the economy uses to produce one good, the fewer resources it has

available to produce the other good.d. the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced is constant.

____ 46. Assume that Greece has a comparative advantage in fish and Germany has a comparative advantage in cars. Also assume that Germany has an absolute advantage in both fish and cars. If these two countries specialize and trade so as to maximize the benefits of specialization and trade, thena. Germany will produce more cars than it would produce in the absence of trade.b. the two countries’ combined output of both goods will be higher than it would be in the

absence of trade.c. Greece will produce more fish than it would produce in the absence of trade.d. All of the above are correct.

Table 5-2The following table shows a portion of the demand schedule for a particular good at various levels of income.

PriceQuantity Demanded

(Income = $5,000)Quantity Demanded

(Income = $7,500)Quantity Demanded(Income = $10,000)

$24 2 3 4$20 4 6 8

$16 6 9 12$12 8 12 16$8 10 15 20$4 12 18 24

____ 47. Refer to Table 5-2. Using the midpoint method, at a price of $16, what is the income elasticity of demand when income rises from $5,000 to $10,000?a. 0.00b. 1.00c. 0.50d. 1.50

Figure 4-7

S S'

quantity

price

____ 48. Refer to Figure 4-7. If the supply curves that are drawn represent supply curves for single-family residential houses, then the movement from S to S’ could be caused bya. an increase in the price of apartments (a substitute for single-family houses for many

people looking for a place to live).b. a newly-formed expectation by house-builders that prices of houses will increase

significantly in the next six months.c. a decrease in the price of lumber.d. All of the above are correct.

____ 49. A market supply curve is determined bya. horizontally summing individual supply curves.b. vertically summing individual supply curves.c. finding the average price at which sellers are willing and able to sell a particular quantity

of the good.d. finding the average quantity supplied by sellers at each possible price.

Introduction to Microeconomics Spring 2011 Exam 1Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 21-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: Budget constraintMSC: Analytical

2. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 3-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Absolute advantage | Comparative advantage MSC: Applicative

3. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 1-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Scarcity, tradeoffs, and opportunity costTOP: Opportunity cost MSC: Applicative

4. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 4-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Law of demandMSC: Definitional

5. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Demand curveMSC: Applicative

6. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 3-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Specialization MSC: Applicative

7. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Markets, market failure, and externalitiesTOP: Market economies MSC: Definitional

8. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Total revenue | Price elasticity of demandMSC: Applicative

9. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 5-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Midpoint method | Price elasticity of supplyMSC: Analytical

10. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Government | Demand | SupplyMSC: Applicative

11. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 21-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: Labor supplyMSC: Interpretive

12. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 1-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Productivity and growth TOP: Productivity | Standard of livingMSC: Applicative

13. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 5-3NAT: Analytic LOC: ElasticityTOP: Equilibrium | Price elasticity of demand | Total consumer spendingMSC: Analytical

14. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 21-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: OptimizationMSC: Analytical

15. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 2-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Understanding and applying economic modelsTOP: Production possibilities frontier | Opportunity cost MSC: Applicative

16. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 6-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Rent control | Long run | ElasticityMSC: Interpretive

17. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 21-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: Perfect complementsMSC: Interpretive

18. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Input pricesMSC: Applicative

19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Supply scheduleMSC: Interpretive

20. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Equilibrium TOP: Equilibrium MSC: Interpretive

21. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 4-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Perfect competition TOP: Perfect competitionMSC: Definitional

22. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 21-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: Budget constraintMSC: Analytical

23. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Price elasticity of demandMSC: Interpretive

24. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 1-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Marginal costs & benefits TOP: Marginal changesMSC: Interpretive

25. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Input pricesMSC: Applicative

26. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 6-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Labor markets TOP: Minimum wage | UnemploymentMSC: Interpretive

27. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Cross-price elasticity of demandMSC: Interpretive

28. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 21-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: Income effect | Substitution effectMSC: Analytical

29. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Cross-price elasticity of demandMSC: Definitional

30. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Equilibrium TOP: Equilibrium MSC: Applicative

31. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Price elasticity of demandMSC: Applicative

32. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 4-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: ComplementsMSC: Definitional

33. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 1-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Efficiency and equity TOP: Equality | EfficiencyMSC: Interpretive

34. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Price elasticity of demandMSC: Interpretive

35. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Equilibrium TOP: Shortages MSC: Applicative

36. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Supply curveMSC: Applicative

37. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 21-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: Substitution effectMSC: Definitional

38. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Total revenue | Price elasticity of demandMSC: Applicative

39. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Equilibrium TOP: Shortages MSC: Interpretive

40. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 3 REF: 6-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Price ceilingsMSC: Analytical

41. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-4NAT: Analytic LOC: Equilibrium TOP: Equilibrium MSC: Interpretive

42. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 2-2NAT: Analytic LOC: The study of economics and definitions in economicsTOP: Normative statements MSC: Applicative

43. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 21-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Utility and consumer choice TOP: Marginal rate of substitutionMSC: Definitional

44. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: SubstitutesMSC: Interpretive

45. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 3-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Understanding and applying economic modelsTOP: Production possibilities frontier MSC: Interpretive

46. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 3-2NAT: Analytic LOC: Gains from trade, specialization and tradeTOP: Specialization MSC: Applicative

47. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 5-1NAT: Analytic LOC: Elasticity TOP: Income elasticity of demandMSC: Analytical

48. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-3NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Input pricesMSC: Applicative

49. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 4-3

NAT: Analytic LOC: Supply and demand TOP: Market supplyMSC: Interpretive