VERNACULAR

ARCHITECTURE.

AISHWARYA SHARMA

S.Y.ARCH

INDEX:

1. DEFINITION.2. ABOUT VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE.3. ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS.4. MATERIALS.5. ENVIORNMENT AND MATERIALS.6. INFLUENCE IN ARCHITECTURE.7. CULTURE.8. WHY THEY ARE VERNACULAR?9. REGIONAL VARIATIONS.10. INDIAN VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE.11. CONCLUSION.

CHOKOSSI SILO, WEST AFRICA

All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, accommodating the values, economies and ways of life of the cultures that produce them.

•Vernacular architecture is a category of architecture, based on localized needs and construction material, and reflecting local traditions.

DEFINETION:

TODA HUT

TYPICAL HUTS ,JAISALMER

•Vernacular architecture tends to evolve over time to reflect theenvironmental, cultural, technology, and historical context in which it exists.

FORT ENTRANCE

ZULU HUTS,SOUTHAFRICA

•Vernacular architecture is the simplest form for addressing human needs

STONE HOUSE,SCOTLAND

HOUSE IN SIKKIM,INDIA

THATCHED HUT,AFRICA

•simpler than what the technology of the time is capable of maintaining•characterized by inexpensive materials and straightforwardly utilitarian design •makes use of common regional forms and materials at a particular place and time

ABOUT VENACULAR

ARCHITECTURE

•tends to be commonplace and to reflect the everyday life and experience of people within a culture or region.•often called "ordinary" or "traditional" built environment

ARBIL HAWREL, KUDRISTAN

Random rubble, and mud construction,Talur Bellary

Architectural Elements:-

•One of the most significant influences on vernacular architecture is the macro climate of the area in which the building is constructed.

•Climatic influences on vernacular architecture are substantial and can be extremely complex.

Climate-

•The man-made elements interact with the natural microclimate to determine the factors affecting comfort in the built environment: light, heat, wind, and humidity.

All forms of vernacular architecture are built to meet specific needs, accommodating the values, economies and ways of life of the cultures that produce them.

Vernacular architecture provides shelter and comfort with the evolution of craft passed down through generations

ISLE OF LEWIS,ENGLAND

HUTS IN MADAGASCAR

MATERIALS

•The type of structure and materials used for a dwelling vary depending on how permanent it is.

•Permanent dwellings often offer a greater degree of protection and shelter from the elements.

•Over time, dwellings' architecture may come to reflect a very specific geographical locale.

ILFUGAO HOUSE, PHILIPINE

HUT - KENYA,AFRICA

textures and colors of exposed surfaces of the buildings, and the design of open spaces, such as streets, courtyards, gardens, and squares.

•To this must be added the building materials, surface

TYPICAL SOUTH INDIAN TEMPLE,TAMIL NADU

TEMPLE IN NEPAL

Environment and

materials:-

•The local environment and the construction materials it can provide governs many aspect of vernacular architecture.

•Areas rich in trees will develop a wooden vernacular, while areas without much wood may use mud or stone.

IGLOO, ANTARTICA

LOG HUT, VALLEY FORGE

HAVELI ART,RAJASTHAN COLONIAL ERA ARTWORK

Vernacular, almost by definition, is sustainable, and will not exhaust the local resources.

TYPICAL THATCHED ROOF, STONED WALL SHED

ARSHA,GEORGIA

DESERT DWELLING

GOEREME, TURKEY.

LONDON CHRUCH

IGLOO,ANTARCTICAINNEDRAL TOWER, OMSDAL, NORWAY

•From igloos to bamboo houses, from stone cottages with thatched roofs to terraced, white concrete roof decks, people create shelter and comfort in unique structures in response to their location on the globe.

AMAZON,MALOCAIGLOO,GREENLAND

vernacular architecture as comprising buildings related to their environmental contexts and available resources, utilizing traditional technologies

TURKISH HOUSE

MEROE PYRAMIDS,SUDAN

Influences on the vernacular

•Vernacular architecture is influenced by a great range of different aspects of human behavior and environment, leading to differing building forms for almost every different context; even neighboring villages may have subtly different approaches to the construction and use of their dwellings, even if they atfirst appear the same

MARDIN,TURKEY

Culture

.

•The way of life of building occupants, and the way they use their shelters, is of great influence on building forms.

•The size of family units, who shares which spaces, how food is prepared and eaten, how people interact and many other cultural considerations will affect the layout and size of dwellings.

VILLAGE HUT, SCOTLAND

SANCHI STUPA

JAMI MASJID MADURAI TEMPLE

•Each example is Vernacular because they came from a tradition of some kind.•For example- The log hut was built a certain way because of a tradition.

Why they are

Vernacular??

Clay and Stone House

Location: Nepal

Regional variation

•Building material depends on location. •In hilly areas rocky rubble,ashlar,mud mortar to form walls.•Houses on hills usually have two stories, with the livestock living on the ground floor. •The roof is pitched to deal with the monsoon season and the house may sit on raised plinths or bamboo poles to cope with floods.Flat Lands:

On flat lands, the houses are generally made of mud or sun-baked bricks and then plastered inside out. •Bamboo is used for the construction of all parts of the home as it is flexible and resilient

•Indian vernacular architecture is the informal, functional architecture of structures, often in rural areas of India, built of local materials and designed to meet the needs of the local people•Indian vernacular architecture has evolved organically over time through the skillful craftsmanship of the local people.

Indian vernacular architecture

KAILASH TEMPLE,ELLORATEMPLE- KARNATAKA

Kachcha

•A kachcha is a building made of natural materials such as mud, grass, bamboo, thatch or sticks and is therefore a short-lived structure.•The advantage of a kachcha is that construction materials are cheap and easily available and relatively little labor is required.

Pakka

•A pakka is a structure made from materials resistant to wear, such as forms of stone or brick, clay tiles, metal or other durable materials, such structures are expensive to construct as the materials are costly and more labor is required.

Semi-pukka

•A combination of the kachcha and pukka style, the semi-pukka, has evolved as villagers have acquired the resources to add elements constructed of the durable materials characteristic of a pukka.

ORIGINAL TRULLO HOUSE,ITALY

HOUSE IN JAPAN

NDEBELE HOUSE,SOUTHERN AFRICA

•Tends to evolve over time to reflect the Environmental, Cultural and Historical context in which it exists.

•Provides desired comfort.

•Being energy efficient.

•Withstand the climate.

•Transported by local traditions.

CONCLUSION

REFRENCES

1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernacular_architecture

2. http://www.vernaculararchitecture.com/

3. http://www.archdaily.com/155224/vernacular-architecture

THANK YOU