8/12/2019 Verb Tenses - Key Aspects

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Verb Tenses Key Concepts

1) TENSE X TIME > DIFFERENT CONCEPTS

2) Time = Tense + adverb (!n"e#")$ %i"&!'" adverbs "enses !'s !n "&e

*resen"

E#, a) I-m .!in. "! "&e s&!*s (I-m !n m/ %a/ "&ere)

I-m .!in. "! "&e s&!*s 0a"er (0a"er>adverb$ "ime, '"'re)

b) e %as married (n!% &e-s div!red%id!%er e")

e %as married !n Sa"'rda/ (!n Sa"'rda/>adverb$ "ime, *as")

) I"-s been rainin. (I"-s dr/ n!%)

I"-s been rainin. !r "%! &!'rs (!r "%! &!'rs>adverb$ !'s !n "&e

d'ra"i!n)

3) Ea& "ense &as a meanin. and I &ave a &!ie ! verb "enses "! e#*ress

m/se0

E#, e 0!!4s as i &e %as dr'n4 (= &e 0!!4s 0i4e i" b'" I 4n!% &e is n!")

e 0!!4s as i &e is dr'n4 (= &e is dr'n4 I 4n!%)

5) 6s*e"s, a) Sim*0e

b) C!n"in'!'s

8/12/2019 Verb Tenses - Key Aspects

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) Pere"

a) Simple, a"$ in!$ s"a"i$ 7*ermanen"8$ inis&ed!m*0e"e$ 'n&an.eab0e$

*r!d'"

E#s,

9 a &!"e0 0eaner "! &er b!ss, 7I inis&ed "&e r!!ms8 (s"a"in. a a" T&a"-s

&er :!b er b!ss is n!" im*ressed)

9 M/ m!"&er &as "&ree da'.&"ers (S&e is ;2 n!% s&e %!n-" &ave an/

m!re)

9 e &as aner (= &e-s "ermina00/ i00 "&ere-s n! m!re &!*e're)

b) Continuous, a"i!n in *r!ess*r!.ress$ "em*!rar/$ d/nami$ in!m*0e"e$

&an.e < in *r!.ress *0anned !r desired

E#s, e-s a0%a/s b!rr!%in. m!ne/ I %is& &e didn-" d! i" (= desire)

M/ riend is s"a/in. a" &er b!/riend-s 0a" ("em*!rar/)

I-m ba4in. a a4e (in!m*0e"e)

) Perfect, FOCS ON EFFECTREST$ is "&e !nne"in. ! 2 "imes

rea"in. a "ime *eri!d %&ereb/ "&e a"i!neven" e" is seen as si.niian"

in "&e 2nd! "&e 2 "imes (!r e#am*0e %i"& "&e Presen" Pere", 7i" s"ar"ed in

"&e *as" %i"& "&e res'0"ee" in "&e *resen"8 > *resen" is m!re si.niian")

E#s,

9 a &!"e0 0eaner "! &er b!ss, 7I-ve inis&ed "&e r!!ms8 (n!% "&e b!ss is

&a**/ Res'0", "&e r!!ms are 0ean )

9 M/ sis"er &as .!" !ne s!n (s&e-s !n0/ 2? s! s&e ma/ &ave m!re

&i0dren)

9 "&e *resen" *ere" 7ma4es "&e *as" a0ive8

9 T&e !0der !ne .e"s "&e 0ess "&e/ 'se *ere" "enses ("&ere-s

n!" s! m'& "ime a&ead an/m!re)

8/12/2019 Verb Tenses - Key Aspects

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8/12/2019 Verb Tenses - Key Aspects

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) (be) .!in. "! (+ inini"ive) ,

In"en"i!n$ %i00 (*0an), I-m .!in. "! 0!!4 !r a :!b

De"ermina"i!n$ desire, I-m n!" .!in. "! a00 in 0!ve %i"& an!"&er :er4

Predi"i!n based !n a"in!rma"i!nevidene,

I"-s .!in. "! rain "!ni.&" ("&e s4/ is dar4)

e is .!in. "! ai0 bea'se &e didn-" s"'d/

d) i00,

Predi"i!n based !n !*ini!ne#*eriene, T&e b's %i00 be 0a"e (I 4n!%

bea'se I a0%a/s a"& "&is b's and i"-s a0%a/s 0a"e)

C!n"ra"$ *r!mise$ "&rea",

I-00 d! "&e dis&es i /!' !!4 (!n"ra")

I-00 *r!"e" /!' D!n-" %!rr/ (*r!mise)

I /!' d!n-" 4ee* /!'r m!'"& s&'" I-00 4i00 /!' and /!'r ami0/ ("&rea")