OVERVIEW OF ALL

VERB TE

NSES

L I CD A . N

A N C Y LO P E Z M

U R A L L E S

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE (VERB BE) The Euro is the official currency of the

European Union. The Dollar isn’t the official currency of

the EU. Is the Euro the official currency of the

EU? Which is the official currency of the EU?

Facts, habits, routines Things that are true in general

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSEThe digital generation

includes today’s teenagers. The digital generation

doesn’t include today’s

teenagers. Does the digital

generation include today’s

teenagers? Which people does the

digital generation include?

Facts, habits, routinesThings that are true in general

SIMPLE PASTGermany won the World

Cup Final. Brazil didn’t win the

World Cup Final.Did Argentina win the

World Cup Final ? Who surely liked

Shakira’s performance at the

World Cup Closing Ceremony?

EVENTS THAT BEGAN ANDENDED IN THE PAST

FUTURE WITH WILL

Computers will perform many of our tasks in the future.

Computers won’t be able to stop global warming and

pollution. Will the Internet substitute other ways

of communication in the future? Where will the next World Cup take

place? USE WILL TO EXPRESS PREDICTIONS

FUTURE WITH BE GOING TOI am going to spend a month in Europe. Sheila is not going to finish her career. Is Margo going to get married next

year? Why is he going to quit his job?

USE« BE GOING TO» TO EXPRESS PRIOR PLANS

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE The temperatures in the poles are

changing drastically. Christian isn’t studying at

Mesoamericana University anymore. Is Joseph still dating Mary? Why is Argentina feeling so sad? ACTIONS OCCURING NOW

OR FOR A TEMPORARY SITUATION

PAST PROGRESSIVETom was sleeping when I left. I wasn’t paying attention when the

teacher explained the assignment. Were you sleeping when the

earthquake began? Who were you talking to last night?

Something was in progress ata particular time in the past

FUTURE PROGRESSIVE At this time tomorrow, I’ll be swimming

in the ocean.At this time tomorrow, I’m going to be swimming.

Will they be taking the test while we are eating?

Are they going to be taking the test while we are eating?

USE FUTURE PROGRESSIVE FORCONTINIUOUS ACTIONS IN THE FUTURE

PRESENT PERFECTGermany has won the World Cup 4

times. Guatemala hasn’t been a World Cup

team ever. Has Brazil won any World Cup? How many times has Brazil been a

World Cup Champion?

AN INDEFINITE TIME IN THE PAST

PRESENT PERFECTThe United States has launched

many astronauts into space since 1969.Richard hasn’t seen his ex-

girlfriend in a long time . Have you had any serious illness

lately? Who have you spoken to lately?

EVENTS THAT BEGAN IN THE PASTAND CONTINUE INTO THE PRESENT

PAST PERFECTTom said that Sam had left before Ann

got there.

Ann said that Sam hadn’t noticed anything different in

her apartment.

Had she heard a noise before the thief broke in? EXPRESSES AN ACTIVITY THAT WASCOMPLETE BEFORE ANOTHER

ACTIVITY IN THE PAST

FUTURE PERFECTClara will already have finished

her homework by the time her mom

gets home.

By the time you come back, I will have gone

away. EXPRESSES AN ACTIVITY THAT WILL BE

COMPLETED BEFORE ANOTHER TIMEOR EVENT IN THE FUTURE

PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE PPPSara has been studying in College since

2013. You have not been taking your

medication for two days. Have you been doing that all by

yourself? How long have you been felling sick?

USE THE PPP TO SAY HOW LONG SOMETHING HAS BEEN HAPPENING

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVESindy had been sitting there all alone

for 1 hourbefore Pablo showed up at the

Restaurant. Carla hadn’t been attending class for

over 2 weeks when her mom found out about it. How long had Karla been taking drugs

when she fainted? USE IT TO EMPHASIZE THE DURATION

OF AN ACTIVITY THAT WAS IN PROGRESSBEFORE ANOTHER ACTIVITY OR TIME IN THE PAST

FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE By the time this class ends you will

have been sitting here for 45 minutes. How long will you have been dating

Mark when you finally decide to marry him?

USE THE FPP TO EMPHASIZE THE DURATION

OF AN ACTIVITY THAT WILL BE IN PROGRESS BEFORE

ANOTHER EVENT IN THE FUTURE.