Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703

Ventanilla de SaludHealth Needs Assessment 2012

Table of Contents

Introduction! 2

At a Glance! 3

Section 1: Demographics! 4

Section 2: Access to Care! 9

Section 3: Mental & Behavioral Health! 12

Section 4: Health Outcomes! 16

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 1

Introduction

The Ventanilla de Salud is pleased to share the outcomes of our 2012 health needs assessment. These outcomes provide a snapshot of the perceived health of an often hard-to-reach population.

According to the 2010 Census, 35% of our Austin population is Latino and growing rapidly. Our data shows that while many of those surveyed reported good health, they hadn’t had basic health screenings. This supports other community findings and observations of high rates of treatable yet undiagnosed illnesses in the Latino community. For example, of those who reported to not having diabetes, only 43% had ever taken a blood sugar test. We found that 95% of women over 40 had not had a mammogram and 78% of males had never taken an HIV test.

These outcomes provide a call to action to address gaps in basic health education and access to care. Working with the Ventanilla de Salud, our community health partners can help overcome these gaps and ensure that a vital and vibrant segment of our population is integrated into preventative care through outreach, education and basic screenings.

We interviewed 393 participants on 109 physical, mental and behavioral health questions. The assessment took place inside the Consulate General of Mexico during business hours and was conducted with the assistance of Dr. Maria Czyzewska of Texas State University, San Marcos. It was verbally administered by a dedicated group of volunteers, predominantly graduate students at University of Texas School of Public Health and LBJ School of Public Affairs, but also included community members and a physician licensed in Mexico.

Since April 2008, Ventanilla de Salud has provided immigrant and Latino families culturally appropriate health education, free health screenings, and referrals to community health services in partnership with the Consulate General of Mexico in Austin.

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 2

Annie Crawford & Paige Menking Ventanilla de Salud

Consulate General of Mexico

Doctor Maria CzyzewskaTexas State University

San Marcos, Texas

At a Glance

In this report, we see a snapshot of individuals who are well integrated into the Austin

area. These hard-working members of our community have lived here on average over

ten years, have raised families, worked and become a vibrant part of the economy, yet in

regards to health services they are distinctly disconnected. This report showcases a

crucial opportunity to strengthen the health of the entire community by improving access

to basic health screenings and primary care for Latinos in our area.

57% eat less than one vegetable serving per day

67% don’t have health insurance, down from 74% in our 2008 survey

78% of men and 46% of women hadn’t been tested for HIV.

54% of men hadn’t received a cholesterol test

90% of adults over 50 had not gotten a colonoscopy.

38% of respondents hadn’t received a blood sugar test.

93% of people who haven’t seen a doctor in 2 years or more are uninsured.

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 3

Section 1: Demographics

 

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 4

Average Age: 38

Oldest Participant: 87

Youngest Participant: 17

Female62%

Male38%

Gender of ParticipantsDISTRIBUTION OF AGEDISTRIBUTION OF AGEDISTRIBUTION OF AGE

AgeNumber of

PeoplePercent of

Total

<18 12 3.1%

18-24 51 13%

25-34 130 33.1%

35-44 113 28.8%

45-54 54 13.7%

55-64 22 5.6%

65+ 11 2.8%

Total 393 100%

Females averaged younger than males:

F- 36.2 versus M- 40.2

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 5

Widow2%

Separated2%

Divorce2%

Single26%

Civil Union11%

Married in MX23%

Married in US34%

Civil Status

US Citizen7%

US Permanent Resident17%

Dual Citizenship3%

Mexican Citizen65%

Decline to Answer8%

Immigration Status

0

125

250

375

500

0 1-2 3-4 5+

1

22

369Num

ber

of H

ouse

hold

s

Number of Household Members

2390

218

62

Age 18-64 Seniors (65+)

Number of Additional Household Members by Age

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 6

0

60

120

180

240

300

Less than 1 1-2 3-5 6-9 10+

248

102

23108

Numb

er of

Peop

le

Number of Years Living in the U.S.

0

30

60

90

120

150

3-5 6-8 9-10 11-12

314

22

128

8793

2322

Numb

er of

Peop

le

Grades Completed

Some college

Undergrad

MastersLess than 3

Years of Education Completed

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 7

Other12%

Professional6%

Construction23%

Restaurant26%

Sales5%

Domestic29%

Types of Part Time Employment

Other24%

Professional12%

Construction31%

Restaurant19%

Sales4%

Domestic10%

Types of Full Time Employment

“Professional” includes Teacher, Secretary & Professional

91.5% of unemployed

females were not looking

for work. Only 3.8% of

unemployed adults lived in

households where all

adults were unemployed.

84.4% of males were

employed. 71% were in full time jobs while

29% were working part time.

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 8

Map kindly generated by Austin/Travis County Health & Human Services Department

Section 2: Access to Care

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 9

Yes33%

No67%

Adults with Medical Insurance

55%

HMO/Private6%

Private27%Medicare

6%Medicaid

5%

Other (Includes Travis County’s Medical Access Program)

HMO/Medicaid2%

Types of Insurance Among AdultsRespondents who

have not received medical attention for more than 2

years are:

▸ Average 38 years old

▸ 63% Male ▸ 37% Female

▸ 80% are employed

91% of people with insurance have seen a

doctor within the last year versus only 61% of those

with no insurance.

27% of the uninsured respondents have not seen

a doctor in more than 2 years.

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 10

0

75

150

225

300

Declined to Answer MX Perm Res U.S. Dual

Num

ber

of H

ouse

hold

s

Immigration Status

229

67

186

35

331412 7

6

Insurance Coverage by Immigration Status

Insured Uninsured

0

50

100

150

200

All Some None Don’t Know

4

5036

183

Num

ber

Of

Hou

seho

lds

How Many Children in the Household Have Insurance

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 11

ER utilization doesn’t seem to be affected by

insurance status:

24.6% of people with

insurance utilized the ER in the last

year while 23.1% without insurance also

used it.

Children of insured adults are more likely to also

be insured. Of the adults with

insurance, 86% have all their

children insured as well.

Of uninsured adults, 25% have

none of their children insured.

No20.2%

Yes79.8%

Does Your Doctor Speak your Language?

0

45

90

135

180

225

Has Regular Doctor Doesn’t Have Regular Doctor

16695

41

89Num

ber

of R

espo

ndan

ts

Has a Regular Doctor by Insurance Status

Has Insurance Doesn’t Have Insurance

Section 3: Mental & Behavioral Health

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 12

More than 2/day1/week 2-3/week 4-6/week 1/day

45

124

41

116

45

1965

139

28

107

42

9

Num

ber

Of

Resp

onda

nts

Frequency of Servings

Frequency of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption

Fruits Vegetables

Less than 1/week

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 13

There was no significant difference in age, number of years in the

US, immigration, employment and insurance status between

those who ate more than one serving of fruits or vegetables per day and

those that ate less than one per day.

Respondents who had seen a doctor in the last year were

more likely to frequently eat fruits and vegetables over those that

hadn’t seen a doctor in over a year.

28.8% of respondents had received suggestions from a doctor concerning

their diet.

Of the 135 people who had

been recommended to lower

their body weight by their

doctor, 53% still eat less

than one serving of vegetables

per day.

More than 143%

Less than 157%

Vegetable Servings per Day

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 14

44 respondents had been diagnosed with Anxiety

and/or Depression, 11.3% of all respondents.

60% of those diagnosed were uninsured.

8% of women versus 1% of men have mild to moderate* levels of depression.

The vast majority of respondents, 82%, had no signs of depression.

*Symptoms result in minor to moderate impairment in occupational and social functioning, treatment recommended.

Percentage who received suggestions from a doctor about:

Mental Health – 5.1% Alcohol – 4.3%

Smoking – 2.3%

0

37.5

75

112.5

150

Less than 1 time/week 1-2 times/week More than 3 times/week

149

73

15Num

ber

Of

Resp

onde

nts

Excercise Frequency per Week

Frequency of Exercise

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 15

41% of drinkers felt like they should reduce their

alcohol consumption.

41% of male drinkers versus 8% of female

drinkers have felt guilty about their

drinking.

18% of drinkers have been criticized for their drinking habits.

8% drink in the morning.

Don’t Drink Alcohol72%

Drink Alcohol28%

Alcohol Consumption

Only 5% of women versus 15% of men were current

smokers.

Of the 34 smokers, 11 said they’d like to quit, 8 said they don’t

want to quit and 4 were undecided.

Including past smokers, 67%

smoke(d) less than 5 cigarettes per day.

Only 2.3% of all respondents had

received suggestions from a doctor about smoking.

Non-smokers91%

Smokers9%

Rates of Smoking

Section 4: Health Outcomes

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 16

Blood Pressure Diabetes Obesity Depression Colesterol

15%

15.6%

19.2%

16.6%

16.2% 15.9%

4.9%

11.4%

6.9%

11.8%

Perc

enta

ge w

ithin

Gen

der

Self-Report of DiagnosisMales Females

Disease Diagnosis by Gender

While these numbers suggest that women have poorer health versus males, it might actually indicate a better awareness and usage of health services.

Males receive less physical exams, have less access to medical professionals and report lower rates of insurance.

Ventanilla de Salud • 512-478-2866 x117 • ventanilla@txaheceast.org • 410 Baylor St., Austin,TX 78703 17

Of adults over 50 years old, 90% had NOT gotten a colonoscopy.

Of the 39 women over the age of 40 that answered the question about mammograms, ONLY 2 had received a mammogram.*

*24 of the 63 female participants over 40 did not answer the question about mammograms.

Blood Sugar Test Blood Pressure Check Cholesterol Test HIV Screening

46%

29%

21%

28%

78%

54%

28%

54%

Perc

enta

ge w

ithin

Gen

der

Type of TestMales Females

Percentage within Gender that have NOT Received Health Test

Total = 38%

Total = 24%

Total = 38%

30% of respondents stated that their health Could be Better, or was Bad or Very Bad.

78% of those respondents were women. Zero men reported their health as bad or very bad.

Total = 57%