VENICE

Local Coastal ProgramLand Use Plan

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VENICE COASTAL ZONE MAPS

LAND USE PLAN

Chapter 1. Introduction

Chapter 2. Land Use Plan Policies

I. Locating and Planning New Development/

Coastal Visual Resources and Special Communities

II. Shoreline Access

III. Recreation and Visitor-Serving Facilities

IV. Water and Marine Resources and Environmentally

Sensitive Habitat Areas

V. Public Works

www.lacity.org/PLN (General Plan - Other Plans) City of Los Angeles

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VENICE LUP POLICIES (certified by the Coastal Commission June 14, 2001) Page 1-1

Exhibit 1

Vicinity Map

Venice Coastal Zone

L.A.County

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VENICE LUP POLICIES (certified by the Coastal Commission June 14, 2001) Page 1-2

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VENICE LUP POLICIES (certified by the Coastal Commission June 14, 2001) Page 1-3

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Exhibit 2b

Venice Coastal Zone

VENICEACTIVITY LOG

ADOPTION DATE PLAN CPC FILE NO. COUNCIL FILE NO.

Oct. 29, 1999 Venice Local Coastal Program / Land Use Plan 1998-0119 LCP 1998-0518

ADOPTION DATE AMENDMENT CPC FILE NO. COUNCIL FILE

Nov. 14, 2000 Coastal Commission approves Plan w/ Modifications 1998-0119 LCP 1998-0518

Mar. 28, 2001 Council adopts Coastal Commission’s Modifications 1998-0119 LCP 1998-0518

June 14, 2001 Coastal Commission certifies LCP/LUP 1998-0119 LCP 1998-0518

VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

I-1

VENICELocal Coastal Program

LAND USE PLAN

Chapter IINTRODUCTION

THE COASTAL ACT

This plan has been prepared to comply with the California Coastal Act of1976. The Coastal Act directs each local government lying wholly or partlywithin the Coastal Zone to prepare a Local Coastal Program (LCP) for thoseareas located in the State's designated Coastal Zone. The Venice CoastalZone is the area generally bounded by Marine Street on the north, the City-County boundary, Washington Boulevard and Via Marina on the south,Lincoln Boulevard and Via Dolce on the east, and the Pacific Ocean on thewest (see Exhibit 1, Vicinity Map and Exhibit 2, Venice Coastal Zone Map).

ORGANIZATION OF THE VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

The Local Coastal Program (LCP) consists of a local government's land useplans, zoning ordinances, zoning district maps, and other implementingactions which implement the provisions and policies of the California CoastalAct at the local level. The LCP contains a Land Use Plan (LUP) and a LocalImplementation Plan (LIP).

The LUP consists of LCP Chapters 1 and 2, the maps entitled "VeniceCoastal Land Use Plan Maps", and Exhibits 1 through 23 with the emphasisplaced upon establishing plan goals and defining policy. It indicates the"kinds, location, and intensity of land uses, the applicable resourceprotection and development policies and, where necessary, a listing ofimplementing actions."

The LIP will consist of LCP Chapter 3 and will contain the regulatorycontrols and incentives for the systematic implementation of the LUP. TheLIP will be comprised of a specific plan and related implementing ordinancesand zoning map. The LIP will implement the certified LUP with specificzoning designations and development standards for all uses within theVenice Coastal Zone.

VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

I-2

SUMMARY OF COASTAL ISSUES

Chapter 3 of the California Coastal Act outlines the following 14 policygroups which must be addressed, if applicable, in the LCP.

1. Shoreline Access2. Recreation and Visitor-Serving Facilities3. Housing4. Water and Marine Resources5. Diking, Dredging, Filling and Shoreline Structures6. Commercial Fishing and Recreational Boating7. Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas8. Agriculture9. Hazards10. Forestry and Soils Resources11. Locating and Planning New Development12. Coastal Visual Resources and Special Communities13. Public Works14. Industrial and Energy Development

The City and California Coastal Commission seek the widest possible publicinput to identify local coastal issues. To this end, the Department of CityPlanning has had an ongoing program of citizen involvement. Starting in1978 seven public meetings were held in both coastal and inlandcommunities. The 14 policy groups were distributed at the meetings toinform the public of the general scope of the coastal issues. In addition,federal, state and local agencies were contacted for their input. City staffand Coastal Commission staff held several subsequent meetings todetermine which of the 14 California Coastal Act policies applied in Venice,to identify the extent to which existing plans met Coastal Act requirements,and to delineate any potential conflicts between existing plans, developmentproposals and the policies of the Coastal Act. The resulting local issueswere translated into a Work Program, which was approved in 1979 by theCity and the California Coastal Commission. The Work Program issues areoutlined in Exhibit 3. Coastal policy groups which were consideredinapplicable to the Venice Coastal Zone are Commercial Fishing,Agriculture, Forestry and Soils, and Energy Development.

Since 1979, the Coastal Act has been amended to remove the policies thatrelated to the protection of affordable housing in the coastal zone. Theresponsibility for carrying-out the provisions of Government CodeSection 65915 (Affordable Housing) now rests with local government.

VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

I-3

EXHIBIT 3SUMMARY OF VENICE COASTAL ISSUES

Locating and PlanningNew Development

Residential Land Use and Development

• Preservation of existing housing stock, and discouragement ofconversion of residential uses to commercial use where appropriate.

• Provision of very low, low, and moderate income housing for a cross-section of the population, including persons with special needs.

• Illegal conversion of residential uses to commercial uses and illegalprovision of residential uses.

• Enforcement and regulation of encroachments into public rights-of-way.

Commercial Land Use and Development

• Encouragement of coastal development, recreation, neighborhood- andvisitor-serving facilities.

• Regulation of development which is out of scale with existingcommunity character.

• Regulation of open-air vendors along Ocean Front Walk.

• Over-development of the Coastal Zone resulting in traffic congestion.

• Over-intensification of commercial uses.

Industrial and Railroad Rights-of-Way Land Use and Development

• Preservation of the existing industrial land use base and employmentopportunities.

• Regulation of the location and types of non-coastal-dependentindustrial uses.

• Appropriate use of railroad rights-of-way.

Development within Natural and Recreational Resource Areas/Protection of Views

• Protection of existing natural and recreational resources, including theVenice Canals, Ballona Lagoon, Grand Canal south of WashingtonBoulevard, and Venice Beach.

• Protection of coastal views and vistas.

VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

I-4

Preservation of Venice as a Special Coastal Community

• Preservation of community character, scale and architectural diversity.

• Development of appropriate height, density, buffer and setbackstandards.

• Development of a landscape plan.

Preservation of Cultural Resources

• Preservation and restoration, where feasible and necessary, ofhistorical landmarks.

• Designation of historical sites as historic-cultural monuments.

• Preservation of significant archeological sites.

Shoreline Access Parking

• Conflict between residential and beach visitor parking.

• Inadequate signage of available parking for beach visitors on weekendsresulting in added traffic congestion.

• Inadequate parking provided by non-conforming uses.

• Inadequate off-street parking near or on the beach frontage for visitorsand residents.

• Intrusion of non-resident vehicles on residential streets to locateavailable parking spaces.

• Preventing polluted stormwater runoff from parking lots from enteringthe Venice Canals and Ballona Lagoon.

Alternate Transit and Traffic Management

• Lack of adequate alternate public transportation systems, includingshuttle systems; park and ride facilities; (bikeways;) and public busservices.

• Lack of an adequate traffic management program to facilitate coastalaccess to and within the Venice Coastal Zone.

Pedestrian and Bicycle Access

• Inadequate access to walkways due to lack of adequate parkingfacilities.

• Walk streets are often illegally used as private driveways and parking.

• Open areas in activity nodes and special districts are often completelysurfaced with asphalt and concrete without provisions for pedestrian

VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

I-5

relief from the sun's heat and reflected glare. Resting places or otherpeople-oriented accommodations are seldom provided.

• The eastern sidewalk of Pacific Avenue from Via Marina to Jib Streetand the western sidewalk of Pacific Avenue from Driftwood Avenue toMildred Street is unimproved and cannot be used for public pedestrianuses due to encroachments on public right-of-way and requirementsfor buffers for habitat protection.

• Lack of pedestrian walkways along the banks of the Venice Canalswhere the deteriorated sidewalks have been withdrawn from publicuse,* and along the banks of the Ballona Lagoon.

• Lack of bicycle routes to complement existing and futuretransportation modes.

• Inadequate maintenance of walkways and bikeways.

• Lack of convenient and secure bicycle (parking/storage) facilitiesprovided at public buildings, retail uses, parks and multiple familyhousing developments.

• Inadequate handicap access (e.g. vertical ramps) to the beach.

Recreation and Visitor-Serving Facilities

C Inadequate public support facilities, such as bike racks and storagelockers, public restrooms, outdoor eating areas, trash cans, recyclingbins, etc.

C Inadequate visitor facilities on or near the Peninsula south ofWashington Boulevard.

C Utilization of vacant, publicly owned lots on the Peninsula forrecreational purposes.

C Identification, preservation and enhancement of existing recreationaland visitor serving facilities, both private and public (including waterfaucets and restrooms).

C Inadequate recreational opportunities and pedestrian amenities, suchas walkways, bikeways, walk street improvements, open space andviewing areas.

C Inadequate maintenance of public recreational facilities.

Water and MarineResources,EnvironmentallySensitive Habitat Areas

C Enhancement and maintenance of habitat value, including foraginghabitat for the Least Tern, an endangered species.

C Invasion of non-native plant species along the banks of the VeniceCanals, Ballona Lagoon and in the intertidal habitat zone.

C Regulation of surface runoff into the canals and the provision ofadequate drainage.*

VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

I-6

C Regulation of tidal exchange between Ballona Lagoon and the sea.

C Poor circulation and water stagnation in Ballona Lagoon.

C Contamination of Ballona Lagoon from accidental raw sewagedischarge from the Venice Pumping Plant.*

C Erosion of the banks along Ballona Lagoon.

Diking, Dredging,Filing, ShorelineStructures

C Provision of adequate regulation of diking, dredging and placement offill in coastal waterways.

C Regulations regarding placement of shoreline structures.

C Prevention of hazards, such as liquefaction and flooding.

EnvironmentallySensitive Habitat Areas

C Identification of existing clam beds and domestic duck feeding andnesting areas, if any, in the Ballona Lagoon and adjoining canals, andprotection and preservation of same.

Public Works C Adequacy of public facilities in terms of stormwater drainage, watersupply, sewer capacity, and roadway capacity and maintenance.

C Lack of adequate and regular maintenance program for the VeniceCanals* and Ballona Lagoon. Effluvium (odors) resulting from poorcirculation, lack of maintenance, and occasional accidental sewagedischarges in the Venice Canals* and Ballona Lagoon.

C Deteriorated canal sidewalks, currently withdrawn from public use,requiring restoration.*

C Development and implementation of a comprehensive streetscapeplan.

* This issue has been resolved as indicated in the LUP text; it ismentioned for historical reference.

Not to ScaleN

Espl

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Espl

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VENICE LUP POLICIES (certified by the Coastal Commission June 14, 2001) Page 1-12

Channel Point CtChannel Point Ct

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30th PlBari Wy

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Voyage Ct

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Topsail St

Spinnaker St

Reef St

Quarterdeck St

Privateer St

Outrigger St

Northstar St

Ironsides St

Galleon St

Fleet St

Eastwind St

Hurricane St

Driftwood St

Catamaran St

Buccaneer St

Washington Blvd

Oce

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1 Esp

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Topsail Mall

Spinnaker Mall

Reef Mall

Quarterdeck Mall

Privateer Mall

Outrigger Mall

Northstar Mall

Del

l Ave

Sanb

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Ave

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Ave30th Ave

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Anchorage St

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Mast Mall

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Union Jack Mall

Union Jack St

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VENICE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM

I-7

VENICE COASTAL ZONE SETTING

To facilitate discussion of issues, policies and development standards, theVenice Coastal Zone has been divided into eight (8) subareas, as follows:

• Ballona Lagoon West Bank Subarea, generally bounded byDriftwood Street on the north, Via Marina on the south, Ballona Lagoonand Grand Canal on the east, and Strongs Drive, Canal Court andPacific Avenue on the west, as shown on Exhibit 4.

• Ballona Lagoon (Grand Canal) East Bank Subarea, generallybounded by Washington Boulevard on the north, the northern terminusof the Ballona Lagoon on the south, Via Dolce on the east, and GrandCanal on the west, as shown on Exhibit 4.

• Silver Strand Subarea, generally bounded by the eastern extensionof Driftwood Street on the north, Via Marina on the south, the LosAngeles County line on the east, and Ballona Lagoon on the west, asshown on Exhibit 4.

• Marina Peninsula Subarea, generally bounded by Thirtieth Placeand the Washington Boulevard Pier on the north, Via Marina on thesouth, Strongs Drive, Canal Court and Pacific Avenue on the east, andthe Pacific Ocean on the west, as shown on Exhibit 4.

• Venice Canals Subarea, adjacent to Grand, Sherman, Howland,Linnie, Carroll and Eterna (Eastern) Canals, located south of VirginiaCourt, north of Washington Boulevard and Sherman Canal Court, eastof Strongs Drive and west of Patricia Court and Grand Canal Court asshown on Exhibit 5b.

• North Venice Subarea, generally bounded by the City of LosAngeles boundary line on the north, Thirtieth Place, Virginia Court andNorth Venice Boulevard on the south, Hampton Drive, Electric Avenue,Ocean Avenue, Patricia Court, and Strongs Drive on the east andOcean Front Walk on the west, as shown on Exhibits 5a and 5b.

• Oakwood-Milwood-Southeast Venice Subarea, generally boundedby the City of Los Angeles boundary line on the north, WashingtonBoulevard on the south, Lincoln Boulevard on the east, and HamptonDrive, Electric Avenue, Patricia Court, and Strongs Drive on the west,as shown on Exhibits 6a and 6b.

• Oxford Triangle Subarea, generally bounded by WashingtonBoulevard on the north, the Los Angeles City boundary on thesouthwest, and Lincoln Boulevard on the east, as shown on Exhibit 7.

These eight specific plan subareas roughly follow the boundaries of the olderneighborhoods previously used by the City Council and neighborhood groupsfor public participation in neighborhood issues.

Match Line (see Exhibit 5b)

California A

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Not to ScaleN

VENICE LUP POLICIES (certified by the Coastal Commission June 14, 2001) Page 1-13

Alham

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Match Line (see Exhibit 5a)

Not to ScaleN

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VENICE LUP POLICIES (certified by the Coastal Commission June 14, 2001) Page 1-14

Eastern CtEastern Ct Eastern CtEastern Ct

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Match Line (see Exhibit 6b)

VENICE LUP POLICIES (certified by the Coastal Commission June 14, 2001) Page 1-15

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Rennie Ave

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Dimmick Ave

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Bernard Ave

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Not to ScaleN

Match Line (see Exhibit 6a)

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Eastern CtEastern Ct Eastern CtEastern Ct

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RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER CITY PLANS AND PROCEDURES

The most effective means of addressing the largest number of issuesidentified in the work program is through the development of the Venice LCPand the associated general plan amendments and the adoption ofimplementing ordinances including a Venice specific plan. Detailed andspecific coastal issues can be addressed in the LUP through general planamendments including policy statements and specific programs. The LIPwill contain a specific plan process to address development standards andother implementation tools to implement the policies of the LUP.

The Land Use Plan is adopted by means of a plan amendment to theVenice Community Plan. The specific plan ordinance adopts zoning anddevelopment standards which carry the full weight of zoning law. All newdevelopment within the boundaries of the specific plan must comply with theordinance. The specific plan ordinance is an integral part of the Los AngelesMunicipal Planning and Zoning Code, and is enforced accordingly.

Wherever the specific plan contains provisions which differ from provisionscontained in Chapter I of the Los Angeles Municipal Code, the specific planshall prevail and supersede the applicable provisions of the Code. In orderto be certified by the Coastal Commission, the specific plan must conformto, and be adequate to carry out, the policies and land uses maps of thecertified LUP.

After certification of the LCP, permit processing procedures for coastalpermits in the Venice Coastal Zone are controlled by the Coastal Act andthe California Code of Regulations. The City’s permit issuing ordinancesmust be certified as part of the Local Implementation Plan (LIP). Aftercertification of the Local Coastal Program by the Coastal Commission, theauthority of the Coastal Commission is limited to development within theretained, or original jurisdiction (i.e. Submerged lands, public trust lands andtidelands) and to appeals of locally issued coastal development permits. TheCoastal Commission will also retain jurisdiction over amendments to coastaldevelopment permits that it approved before certification of the LCP.Section 30519(a) of the Coastal Act provides that, except for appeals to theCommission (as provided in Section 30603) after a LCP, or any portionthereof, has been certified and all implementing actions have becomeeffective, the development review authority provided for in Chapter 7(commencing with Section 30600) of the Coastal Act shall no longer beexercised by the Coastal Commission and shall at that time be delegatedto the local government that is implementing the LCP. Section 30519(b)states that 30519(a) does not apply to development proposed or undertakenon any tidelands, submerged lands, or on public trust lands. TheCommission also retains jurisdiction over coastal development permits thatwere previously approved by the Commission as well as amendments tosuch permits.

All development, land use and coastal-related activities (including but notlimited to maintenance and recreational activities) in the Venice CoastalZone will be required to be consistent with the certified LCP.

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The Oxford Triangle Specific Plan (OTSP) (Ordinance 162,509) was adoptedby the City Council on June 30, 1987 and includes the area bounded byLincoln Boulevard, Washington Boulevard and the City-County of LosAngeles boundary. The OTSP established the C4(OX)-2-D zone. Theprimary purpose of the OTSP as it relates to the C4(OX)-2-D zone is toencourage mixed-use developments on properties designated forCommunity Commerce to create a lively urban environment. Upon adoptionby the City Council and certification by the Coastal Commission, the VeniceLocal Coastal Program will incorporate the OTSP as part of the LIP. TheOTSP may have to be modified in order to conform to and be adequate tocarry out the policies of the certified LUP.

The Los Angeles Coastal Transportation Corridor Specific Plan (CTCSP)(Ordinance 168,999) was adopted by the City Council on August 4, 1993and includes the areas governed by the Westchester-Playa Del Rey DistrictPlan, the Palms-Mar Vista-Del Rey District Plan, the Venice CommunityPlan and the Los Angeles International Airport Interim Plan. The CTCSPmay have to be modified in order to conform to and be adequate to carry outthe policies of the certified LUP.

CITIZEN PARTICIPATION/ADOPTION PROCESS: LCP

The Department of City Planning has had an ongoing program of citizeninvolvement. (For more information refer to Chapter 1.C, Summary of CoastalIssues.) In 1988, a total of 27 public meetings and workshops were held tosolicit information from the community and to present the Draft VeniceCoastal Land Use Plan (LUP) which was released to the public in April1988. Numerous public comments were received on the Draft LUP betweenApril and August 1988. The comments were summarized and organized bycoastal policy group in the document, "Summary of Community CommentsReceived on the Draft Venice Coastal Land Use Plan," dated January 1989.

A Preliminary LUP was prepared and released to the public in March 1990.The Preliminary LUP incorporated information contained in the April 1988Draft LUP and the summary of comments, in addition to the followingreports and documents identified in Exhibit 8.

A public workshop on the Preliminary LUP was held on March 19, 1990.The workshop was attended by approximately 100 persons. A publichearing on the Preliminary LUP was held by a Hearing Officer on March 28,1990, during which 65 of the approximately 150 persons who attended,testified.

Ninety-six written communications were received at the public hearing andduring the Preliminary LUP public review period held between March 5, 1990and April 12, 1990. A summary of the comments raised during the publichearing and in the written communications, along with the Department ofCity Planning's response to those comments, are provided in thePreliminary LUP "Response Document," dated October 1990.

The Preliminary LUP was transmitted to the City Planning Commission on

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January 3, 1991.

In the spring of the 1992, staff held several workshops with members of thecommunity to discuss and clarify development standards for each of theeight subareas.

The Department of City Planning received the California CoastalCommission staff's comments on June 22, 1994.

The Department of City Planning continued the development of the proposedVenice LUP with several more public workshops and public hearings in1998-99.

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EXHIBIT 8RELEVANT DOCUMENTS

1. Coastal Commission Findings for rejection of Venice Canals MarinaPeninsula proposed LCP as submitted and approval of LCP withsuggested modifications, July 28, 1983.

2. Venice Coastal Interim Control Ordinance (Ord. No. 172,019).

3. Coastal Conservancy Urban Waterfront Restoration Plan Policies.

4. North Venice B and C Areas Planning Committee report,Oct. 30, 1988.

5. Milwood Planning Committee report, Nov. 2, 1988.

6. Development Standards and the Local Coastal Program, VeniceNeighborhood Study, Central Area, Nov. 5, 1988.

7. Planning Workshop Summary for Oakwood, Nov. 5, 1988.

8. Report of South-East Venice Specific Plan Study Group, Nov. 1988.

9. Oxford Triangle Neighborhood Study Presentation - DevelopmentStandards and the Local Coastal Program, Nov. 5, 1988.

10. Venice Neighborhood Design Workshop Standards andRecommendations for the Local Coastal Plan - North Beach Area "A",Nov. 2, 1988.

11. Preserving the Future, North Venice Beach Area 'A' Design StudyGroup Development Standards and the Local Coastal Program, Oct.1988.

12. Development Standards and the Local Coastal Program, VeniceCanals Neighborhood Study Group, Nov. 1988.

13. Marina Peninsula Development Outline, Nov. 1988.

14. Addendum from the Silver Side of Upper East Peninsula - DevelopmentStandards, Dec. 1988.

15. West Washington Boulevard Ad Hoc Sub-Committee -Venice Neighborhood Study - Local Coastal Program, Nov. 1988.

16. Preliminary Background Report, Venice Local Coastal Program,May 1988.

17. Venice Parking - Venice Area Parking Task Force Report,March 1987.

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18. Draft Waterfront Restoration Plan, May 1990.

19. Venice Canals Rehabilitation Plan, 1991.

20. Community Working Papers, 1992.

21. Ballona Lagoon Enhancement Plan, 1992.

22. Walk Streets Preservation Committee Report, 1993.

23. Venice Beach Ocean Front Walk Refurbishment Plan, November 1995.

24. Venice Traffic and Parking Study: Prepared for City of Los Angeles,Department of City Planning. The study consists of the followingworking papers:

Venice Traffic and Parking Study, Existing Traffic ConditionsBackground Working Paper, May 1991.

Venice Traffic and Parking Study, Existing Parking ConditionsBackground Working Paper, May 1992.

Venice Traffic and Parking Study, Future Weekday Traffic ConditionsBackground Working Paper, June 1992.

Venice Traffic and Parking Study, Transportation Improvement PlanWorking Paper, March 1995.

Venice Traffic and Parking Study, Final Report, April 1995.

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DEFINITIONS The following words or phrases, whenever used in this land use plan, shallbe construed as defined in this section. Words and phrases not definedherein shall be construed as defined in Section 12.20.2B, 12.03 and 12.40 Dof the Los Angeles Planning and Zoning Code (See Definitions Appendix).Words and phrases not defined therein shall be construed as defined inChapter 4 of the Los Angeles Building Code, if defined therein.

Affordable Unit: Dwelling units or guest rooms for which rental ormortgage payments do not exceed the limits stated in Section 65915 of theCalifornia Government Code. Dwelling units or guest rooms designated forlower income households, as defined in Section 50079.5 of the CaliforniaHealth and Safety Code, shall have rents not exceeding 30 percent of 60percent of the area median income as set forth in the rent scheduleprepared by the City’s Housing Department or its successor agency. Inorder for a development project to qualify as a project containing affordablehousing units, the owner shall record a document with the Los AngelesCounty Recorder guaranteeing that these affordability criteria will beobserved for at least 30 years from the issuance of the Certificate ofOccupancy.

Architectural Features: Features including, but not limited to, sculpture,bas relief, mosaic, mural, vents, porch, balcony, chimney, window anddoorway.

Athletic Facility: A facility which offers the use of the premises andequipment to the general public for physical exercise, dance, or sportsactivities.

Beach Impact Zone: The area which includes all lots located in the MarinaPeninsula, Ballona Lagoon West Bank, Venice Canals and North VeniceSubareas (see Exhibits 17a and 17b).

Blank Wall: A street wall or vehicular entry facing the street and having noarchitectural detailing, windows, doors or similar features.

Change in Intensity of Use: A change in intensity of use includes, but isnot limited to, any addition, expansion or change in use on a site thatinvolves: (a) a change in the total number of dwelling units; or (b) a changein the amount of floor area or customer area to a commercial or industrialuse; or (c) a change in the number of trips as calculated by the Trip Table(See Appendix); or (d) a change in the number of provided or requiredparking spaces as calculated by the LUP parking requirements containedin LUP Policies II.A.3 and II.A.4.

Change of Use: A change from (a) an existing residential use to a newresidential use resulting in an increase in the total number of dwelling units;or (b) an existing residential use to a commercial or industrial use; or (c) anexisting commercial use to a residential use or industrial use; or (d) anexisting industrial use to a residential use or commercial use; or (e) anexisting industrial use to a new industrial use, when an increase in thenumber of trips results from the new use, as calculated by the Trip Table

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(See Appendix); or (f) an existing commercial use to a new commercial use,when an increase in the number of Trips results from the new use, ascalculated by the Trip Table (See Appendix), or when an increase in thenumber of required parking spaces results, as calculated by the LUPparking requirements contained in LUP Policies II.A.3 and II.A.4.

Coastal-Dependent Development or Use: Any development or use whichrequires a site on, or adjacent to the sea to be able to function at all (SeeCoastal Act Section 30101).

Coastal-Related Development: Any use that is dependent on a coastal-dependent development or use.

Coastal Development Permit: A permit for any development within theCoastal Zone that is required pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 30600of the California Coastal Act.

Development: (See Coastal Act Section 30106) “Development” means,on land, in or under water, the placement or erection of any solid materialor structure; discharge or disposal of any dredged material or of anygaseous, liquid, solid, or thermal waste; grading, removing, dredging,mining, or extraction of any materials; change in the density or intensity ofuse of land, including, but not limited to, subdivision pursuant to theSubdivision Map Act (commencing with Section 664l0 of the GovernmentCode), and any other division of land, including lot splits, except where theland division is brought about in connection with the purchase of such landby a public agency for public recreational use; change in the intensity of useof water, or of access thereto; construction, reconstruction, demolition, oralteration of the size of any structure, including any facility of any private,public, or municipal utility; and the removal or harvesting of major vegetationother than for agricultural purposes, kelp harvesting, and timber operationswhich are in accordance with a timber harvesting plan submitted pursuantto the provisions of the Z’berg-Nejedly Forest Practice Act of l973(commencing with Section 45ll).

As used in this section, “structure” includes, but is not limited to, anybuilding, road, pipe, flume, conduit, siphon, aqueduct, telephone line, andelectrical power transmission and distribution line. (PRCs 30106).

Encroachment: Any structure or building or portion of a structure orbuilding which projects into a right-of-way or required setback.

Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Area: any area in which plant oranimal life or their habitats are either rare or especially valuable because oftheir special nature or role in an ecosystem and which could be easilydisturbed or degraded by human activities and developments.

Fill: Earth or any other substance or material, including pilings placed forthe purposes of erecting structures thereon, placed in a submerged area.

Feasible: “Feasible” means capable of being accomplished in a successfulmanner within a reasonable period of time, taking into account economic,environmental, social, and technological factors.

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Flat Roof: Any roof form which has a slope of 2 inches to 12 inches orless.

Height: Height shall be measured as the vertical distance from baseelevation (as specified in LUP Exhibits 13 through 16) to the highest pointof the roof or parapet wall, excluding roof deck railings that do not exceed36 inches and are of a open design. Roof access structures may exceedthe otherwise allowable height limit only as specified in LUP Exhibits 13through 16.

Implementing Actions: The ordinances, regulations, zoning maps, andprograms which implement the Land Use Plan portion of a certified LocalCoastal Program.

Lagoon Buffer: The land area that separates the developable portion of alot from the waters of Ballona Lagoon.

Lagoon Lot: Any lot which is immediately adjacent to the Ballona Lagoon(as shown on Exhibit 4 of this land use plan).

Lot Consolidation: Lot consolidation occurs when: (1) one or morestructures are built over a lot line dividing two lots created in a previoussubdivision; or (2) a lot line is abandoned, a lot line is adjusted, lots aremerged, or other action is taken, for the purpose of allowing a structure tobe built extending over what were previously two or more separate lots.

Permeable: A paving material that permits water penetration to a soildepth of 18 inches or more, including non-porous surface collectivelycomprising less than two-thirds of the total surface area of the lot andloosely laid materials, such as crushed stone or gravel.

Public Utilities: All production, storage, transmission, and recoveryfacilities for water, oil, gas, sewage, telephone, and other similar utilitiesowned or operated by any utility company subject to the jurisdiction of thePublic Utilities Commission.

Public Works:

a. All production, treatment, storage, transmission, conveyance, andrecovery facilities for water, sewerage, stormwater, telephone, andother similar utilities owned or operated by a public agency.

b. All public transportation facilities, including streets, roads, highways,streetlights, public parking lots and structures, ports, harbors, airports,railroads, and mass transit facilities and stations, bridges, trolleywires, and other related facilities.

c. All publicly financed recreational facilities, all projects of the StateCoastal Conservancy, and any development by a special district.

d. All community college facilities.

Remodel: In the coastal zone, a remodel is an improvement to an existingstructure in which no more than fifty percent (50%) of the exterior walls are

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removed or replaced.

Replacement Unit: Any affordable housing unit to be provided asreplacement for an existing unit on a project site.

Replacement Parking: Any parking space to be provided as replacementfor an existing parking space on a project site.

Roof Access Structure: An enclosed stairway or elevator housing thatprovides access to a roof, but contains no storage, habitable or living area.

Sensitive Coastal Resource Areas: Those identifiable land and waterareas within the Coastal Zone of vital interest and sensitivity, including thefollowing:

a. Special marine and land habitat areas, wetlands, lagoons, andestuaries as mapped and designated in Part 4 of the Coastal Plan.

b. Areas possessing significant recreational value.

c. Highly scenic areas.

d. Archaeological sites referenced in the California Coastline andRecreation Plan or as designated by the State Historic PreservationOfficer.

e. Special communities or neighborhoods which are significant visitordestination areas.

f. Areas that provide existing coastal housing or recreationalopportunities for low- and moderate-income persons.

g. Areas where divisions of land could substantially impair or restrictcoastal access.

Service Floor: All areas where the customer can be served, except thebathroom, including the indoor and outdoor dining area, bar, waiting roomand tavern.

Seven-Foot Contour: The mean sea level as defined by the U.S.Geological survey.

Silver-Strand Lagoon Buffer Strip: The strip of land (lagoon buffer)immediately adjacent to the Ballona Lagoon as approved in CoastalCommission Permit No. A-266-77, Permit Amendment No. A-266-77, andAppeal No. A-266-77.

Special Coastal Community: An area recognized as an important visitordestination center on the coastline, characterized by a particular cultural,historical, or architectural heritage that is distinctive, provides opportunitiesfor pedestrian and bicycle access for visitors to the coast, and adds to the

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visual attractiveness of the coast.

Street Wall: An exterior wall of a building that faces a street.

Subarea: One of the areas in the Venice Coastal Zone within which aproject is located as defined in the "Locating and Planning NewDevelopment" Section of the Venice Land Use Plan, as shown in Exhibits4 through 7.

Stepped Back Roofline: A roof on which the portion that exceeds the flatroof height limit is set back from the required front yard one foot for everyfoot in height above the flat roof height limit.

Trip: A single or one direction vehicle movement with either origin ordestination (exiting or entering) generated by the use of a subject site.

Varied Roofline: Any roof which has a slope in excess of 2 inches to 12inches, including but not limited to a sloped, curved, or stepped backroofline.

Venice Coastal Zone: The area within the Venice community planningarea west of Lincoln Boulevard, including those lots fronting on the west sideof Lincoln Boulevard (See Exhibits 2a and 2b of this Land Use Plan).

Walk Street: A public street in the Coastal Zone and/or beach area thathas been improved for public pedestrian use over part of its width and islandscaped (privately or publicly) over the remainder, but which has not beenimproved for vehicular access.

Wetland: Wetland shall be defined as land where the water table is at,near, or above the land surface long enough to promote the formation ofhydric soils or support the growth of hydrophytes, and shall include thosetypes of wetlands where vegetation is lacking and soil is poorly developedor absent as a result of frequent and drastic fluctuations of surface waterlevels, wave action, water flow, turbidity or high concentrations of salts orother substances in the substrate. Such wetlands can be recognized bythe presence of surface water or saturated substrate at some time duringeach year and their location within, or adjacent to, vegetated wetlands ordeep-water habitats. Wetlands include saltwater marshes, freshwatermarshes, open or closed brackish water marshes, swamps, mudflats, andfens.

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Chapter IILAND USE PLAN POLICIES

POLICY GROUP I. LOCATING AND PLANNING NEW DEVELOPMENT/COASTAL VISUAL

RESOURCES AND SPECIAL COMMUNITIES

INTRODUCTION Developed as a beach resort, Venice was known as the Coney Island of thePacific. Historically it has attracted people from all social and ethnic groupsto the coast to live, work and play. While little remains of the “Venice ofAmerica” that was built by Abbot Kinney, Venice is still strongly influencedby its past. Each weekend hundreds of thousands of people are stillattracted to the shore to enjoy the ambience of this coastal community.Kinney envisioned Venice to be more than a resort and today it is home to32,270 permanent residents many of whom inhabit the small summerhomes built on substandard lots along paved streets over canals. Otherslive on substandard lots (many are less than 3,000 square feet in area) thathave been redeveloped with more substantial single-family homes and multi-unit structures. Yet Venice remains the quintessential coastal village wherepeople of all social and economic levels are able to live in what is still, bySouthern California standards, considered to be affordable housing.Diversity of lifestyle, income and culture typifies the Venice community.United by the term Venetians with all its connotative meanings, Venice isreally a group of identifiable neighborhoods with unique planning and coastalissues.

As a result of prior development and changes in land use, there hasemerged a blend of residential uses of various intensities, commercial usesand some minor industrial uses. Housing is located in single-family homes,multi-family dwellings, and mixed-use structures including live/work artiststudios. Although many of the commercial uses are oriented to theautomobile traffic, there are numerous instances of commercial uses whichare more pedestrian oriented, particularly near the beach. While Venicecontains traditional light industrial uses it also has a concentration ofindustrial structures which house artist galleries and live/work studios.Much of this unusual mixture of uses has its origin in the area’s initialamusement park activities.

The subdivision patterns in Venice are also unique, the layout of which stillreflects the original canal system and rail lines. Lots range in size from lessthan 3,000 square feet near the beach to 5,000 square feet closer to LincolnBoulevard. Few of the original canals remain. Most have been filled in andhave become streets for vehicular traffic, while others are now part of thesystem of walk streets.

The requirements of the California Coastal Act, the historic development ofthe community, and the traffic study conducted for the LCP in conjunctionwith numerous planning workshops held in the community were among thefactors considered in assigning Land Use Categories in the plan.

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Residential land use densities in this LCP have been assigned in the Venicecoastal area to reflect the year 2010 Venice population as projected by theSouthern California Association of Governments (SCAG). Based oncirculation and infrastructure limitations, the assigned Land Use Categoriesresult in substantially lower build out densities than current zoning capacity.The development standards also define for each land use designation adensity of housing units and lot coverage to maintain the scale andcharacter of existing residential neighborhoods and minimize the impactsof building bulk and mass. New residential development is linked to theavailability of public services and infrastructure, and in addition to trafficconsideration, environmental and coastal access concerns as required bythe Coastal Act.

Based upon the SCAG projections, the coastal zone within the VeniceCommunity Plan area has a projected (year 2010) population ofapproximately 38,325 persons. This represents an increase ofapproximately 19 percent (or 6,055 persons) over the existing population ofapproximately 32,270 persons (as of 1990). This is based upon a constantrate of projected growth to all Los Angeles communities and assumes aprojected growth which would occur if current trends remain unchanged.

Coastal Act Policies The policy groups covered by this part of the LUP address the followingSections of the California Coastal Act, which are included as part of theLand Use Plan:

Section 30244. Where development would adversely impact archaeologicalor paleontological resources as identified by the State Historic Officer,reasonable mitigation measures shall be required.

Section 30250.

a. New residential, commercial, or industrial development, except asotherwise provided in this division, shall be located within, contiguouswith, or in close proximity to, existing developed areas able toaccommodate it or, where such areas are not able to accommodateit, in other areas with adequate public services and where it will nothave significant adverse effects, either individually or cumulatively, oncoastal resources. In addition, land divisions, other than leases foragricultural uses, outside existing developed areas shall be permittedonly where 50 percent of the usable parcels in the area have beendeveloped and the created parcels would be no smaller than theaverage size of surrounding parcels.

b. Where feasible, new hazardous industrial development shall belocated away from existing developed areas.

c. Visitor-s