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A great ppt about vegetative propagation
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Tuber
Bulb
Rhizome
Corm
Stolon
Runner
Offset
Vegetative propogation
Vegetative propogation
Atificial Vegetative Propagation Stem Cutting1)Cutting the stem of the plant
2) Placing the cut stem into a moist mud pot 3)Development of roots
Grafting
Grafting Whip Grafting
Cleft Grafting
Grafting
Bud Grafting
Bud Grafting
Bud Grafting
Layering
Mound Layering
Aerial Layering
Aerial layering
Advantages of vegetative propagation
Easier, less expensive and rapid Seedless plants can be reproduced by this method New individual produced possesses exact qualities of parents. Flower produced are of superior quality. Desired character of fruits can be maintained.
Sexual PropagationVegetative PropagationSlow, uncertain, less economicQuicker, more certain, more economicSeeds are viable and strong to face environmentSeeds are less viable and less strong.Seedless plants cannot be reproduced by this methodSeedless plants can be reproduced by this method
Parenteral characteristic are not retainedParenteral characteristic are retained
New varieties are possibleNew varieties are not possible
Due to dispersal of fruits and seeds overcrowding does not take place Overcrowding take place. No dispersal of fruits and seeds
Economic importance of vegetative propagation
By growing desired variety of a plant in large number: Vegetative propagation Micro propagation By evolving new varieties of plant with desired characterstic: Hybridisation
Hybridisation Means crossing of two plants having desired characteristic and bringing together of these useful character into a new plant called the hybrid
Hybridisation
Hybridisation
Steps of artificial cross pollination
Choosing the variety with desired characteristic
Anther is removed which is called as emasculation
Stigma of this flower are dusted with pollen grains from desired characteristic.
It gives rise to a hybrid
Somatic Cell Hybridization
Step of somatic hybridisation
Removing cell wall of plant cell ( Protoplasts)
Protoplasts are fused with the help of certain chemicals which leads to formation of somatic hybrid by fusion of nucleus( hetrokaryon)
Somatic hybrid is made to grow in suitable medium where it regenerates cell wall to form plantlets
Advantages of Hybridisation
Production of hybrid which cannot be produced by sexual method Obtaining clones For introducing useful gene in case of male sterility
Advantages of Hybridisation
It helps in producing crops that have: Higher yield Increase in size and number of fruits Resistance to various disease Better ability to survive
Advantages of Hybridisation
Hybrid is superior to parent plant Common method for creating genetic variation for experiment and research.
Micro propagation
Terms involved in Micropropagation
Explant : Plant whose parts are detached and used for plant cultureCulture medium: Artificial medium that contains nutrients like vitamins, minerals and hormones like auxins and cytokinnsCallus: Cell growth Plantlets: Small plants
Steps of Micro propogation
A small piece of tissue generally from shoot tip is taken
It is grown in the nutrient medium which contains essential nutrients, hormones, vitamins
The cells grow into unorganized mass callus
Steps of Micro propogation
Cells differentiate into roots and shoots and plantlets are formed
Plantlets are transferred to soil and grown to maturity
Disadvantages of micro propagation
Tedious process Expensive Needs sterile condition
Uses of bio technology
Uses of bio technology
Enzymes
Uses of genetic engineering
Uses of genetic engineering
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