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VEGETATION ANALYSIS. DEFINITION. VEGETATION ANALYSIS IS THE WAY TO STUDY SPECIES COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF PLANT COMMUNITY. VEGETATION ANALYSIS. SPECIES COMPOSITION. VEGETATION STRUCTURE. AREA. SAMPLING. VEGETATION ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES. UNIT SAMPLING SIZE. UNIT SAMPLING FORM. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
DEFINITIONDEFINITION
VEGETATION ANALYSIS VEGETATION ANALYSIS IS THE WAY TO IS THE WAY TO
STUDY SPECIES COMPOSITION AND STUDY SPECIES COMPOSITION AND
STRUCTURE STRUCTURE OF PLANT COMMUNITYOF PLANT COMMUNITY
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
SPECIES COMPOSITION
SPECIES COMPOSITION
VEGETATION STRUCTURE
VEGETATION STRUCTURE
SAMPLING
AREAAREA
UNIT SAMPLING
SIZE
UNIT SAMPLING
SIZE
VEGETATION ANALYSIS
TECHNIQUES
VEGETATION ANALYSIS
TECHNIQUES
UNIT SAMPLING
FORM
UNIT SAMPLING
FORM
UNIT SAMPLING SETTING
UNIT SAMPLING SETTING
VEGETATION ANALYSIS
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
SIZE AND FORM OF SAMPLING SIZE AND FORM OF SAMPLING UNITUNIT
1. MINIMUM SIZE OF SAMPLE UNIT ?
2. MINIMUM NUMBER OF SAMPLE UNIT ?
SU SIZE CONSIDERATION
VEGETATION SIZE DENSITY SPECIES DIVERSITY LIFE FORM
SEMI OBJECTIVE WAY
SPECIES CURVE AREA
THE SHAPE OF SAMPLE PLOT CONSIDERATION
SQUARE STRIP (RECTANGULAR) CIRCLE
•EASY TO LAYOUT•EFFICIENCY OF SAMPLING
VEG. ANALYSIS
EXAMPLES :
SAMPLE PLOT (S.P) 1(1M2) : 11 SPECIES S.P. 2 (4M2) : 15 SPECIES S.P. 3 (8M2) : 17 SPECIES S.P. 4 (16M2) : 19 SPECIES S.P. 5 (32M2) : 20 SPECIES
1
2
3
4
5
m
n
1 84 16 32A
2
10
20
SAMPLE PLOT AREA (m2)
TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES (CUMULATIVE)
VEG. ANALYSIS
HOW TO PUT SAMPLE PLOTHOW TO PUT SAMPLE PLOT1. RANDOM SAMPLING
2. SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING
3. PURPOSIVE SAMPLING
MORE PRACTICAL MORE APPROXIMATION
TO STAND CHARACHTERISTIC
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
GROWTH STAGE CRITERIA
SEEDLING : GERMINATION UNTIL H<1,5 M
SAPLING : H>1,5 M UNTIL D<10 CM
POLE : DIAMETER BETWEEN 10 CM UNTIL < 35 CM
TREE : DIAMETER 35 CM
GROUND COVER : WITH EXCEPTION OF TREE REGENERATION
VEG. ANALYSIS
SUB-PLOT SIZE OF VARIOUS GROWTH STAGE
NESTED SAMPLING
1
2
3
4
(1) SEEDLING AND GROUND COVER : 2 X 2 M2, 2 X 5 M2, 1 X 1 M2 (2) SAPLING : 5 X 5 M2(3) POLE : 10 X 10 M2(4) TREE : 20 X 20 M2
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
MEASURED VEGETATION PARAMETER IN THE FIELD
SPECIES NAME
NUMBER OF INDIVIDU
CROWN DIAMETER
STEM DIAMETER :
DIAMETER AT BREAST-HEIGHT (DBH)
DIAMETER AT 20 CM ABOVE STAND ROOT
DIAMETER AT 20 CM ABOVE TOP OF AERIAL ROOT
TOTAL TREE HEIGHT AND TREE BOLE HEIGHT
STEM LOCATION
VEG. ANALYSIS
VEGETATION ANALYSIS METHOD
A. COMPARTMENT METHOD1. QUADRAT METHOD
1.1. SINGLE COMPARTMENT1.2. DOUBLE COMPARTMENT
2. TRANSECT METHOD3. LINE COMPARTMENT METHOD4. COMBINATION BETWEEN TRANSECT
AND LINE COMPARTMENT METHOD
VEG. ANALYSIS
VEGETATION ANALYSIS METHOD
B. PLOTLESS METHOD
1. BITTERLICH METHOD
2. POINT QUARTER METHOD
3. RANDOM PAIR METHOD
4. LINE INTERCEPT METHOD
5. POINT INTERCEPT METHOD
VEG. ANALYSIS
A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued)A.1. Quarter MethodA.1.1. SINGLE COMPARTMENT
10M
5M
2M
40M
40M
20M
VEG. ANALYSIS
A.1. Quarter Method (Continued)
A.1.2. DOUBLE COMPARTMENT
RANDOM SISTEMATIC
VEG. ANALYSIS
A.2. Transect Method
20 m
10 m
2 m
5 m
VEG. ANALYSIS
A.3. Line Kompartment Method
20 m
10 m
5 m2 m
x m
VEG. ANALYSIS
A.4. Combination between Transect and Line Compartment Method
20 m
10 m
5 m2 m
VEG. ANALYSIS
TALLY SHEET FOR SEEDLINGS AND SAPLINGS
Quadrat Species N (ind)1 ...
...
...
...
...
...
2 ......
...
...
... ......
...
...
n ......
...
...
A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued)
VEG. ANALYSIS
TALLY SHEET FOR POLES AND TREES
Quadrat Species Diameter (cm) Height (m)
1 .........
...
...
...
...
...
...
2 ......
...
.........
... ......
...
.........
n ......
...
.........
A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued)
VEG. ANALYSIS
Summary of vegetation Analysis by the Quadrat Sampling Technique
A. Quadrat Sampling Technique (Continued)
Species Density(ind/ha)
Relative Density
Frequ-ency(%)
Relative Frequ-ency(%)
Domi-nance (m2/ha)
Relative Domi-nance (%)
Importance Valur
A
B
C
D
...
...
...
VEG. ANALYSIS
DATA ANALYSIS FOR QUADRAT SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
SAMPLEDAREA
SINDIVIDUAL OF NUMBERDENSITY
100X SPECIESALL FOR DENSITY TOTAL
SPECIESA FOR DENSITYDENSITY RELATIVE
SAMPLEDAREA
VALUES COVERAGE AREAL OR AREA BASAL OF TOTALDOMINANCE
100SPECIES ALL FOR DOMINANCE TOTAL
SPECIESA FOR DOMINANCEDOMINANCE RELATIVE X
VEG. ANALYSIS
SAMPLEDPLOTS OF NUMBER TOTAL
OCCURS SPECIESWHICH IN PLOTS OF NUMBERREQUENCYF
100X SPECIESALL FOR VALUES FREQUENCY OF TOTAL
SPECIESA FOR VALUE FREQUENCYFREQUENCY RELATIVE
FREQUENCYRELATIVE
DOMINANCERELATIVEDENSITY RELATIVEVALUEIMPORTANCE
DATA ANALYSIS FOR QUADRAT SAMPLING TECHNIQUE (Continued)
VEG. ANALYSIS
B. Plotless Sampling B. Plotless Sampling TechniqueTechniqueB.1. BITTERLICH METHODB.1. BITTERLICH METHOD
66 CM
2 CM
Bitterlich Stick
VEG. ANALYSIS
B.1. Bitterlich Method (B.1. Bitterlich Method (ContinuedContinued))
Tally Sheet of Bitterlich MethodTally Sheet of Bitterlich Method
SpecieSpeciess
Sampling PointsSampling Points TotalTotal AverageAverage Basal Basal AreaArea11 22 33 ...... nn
TotalTotal
VEG. ANALYSIS
B.1. Bitterlich Method (B.1. Bitterlich Method (ContinuedContinued))
BA = x 2,3 (m2/ha)Nn
DATA ANALYSIS
BA = BASAL AREA; 2.3 = BITTERLICH STICK FACTOR
VEG. ANALYSIS
B.2. Point Quarter Method
d1
d2
d3
d4
VEG. ANALYSIS
B.2. Point Quarter Method (Continued)
Sampling Point
Species Quadrat 1 Quadrat 2 Quadrat 3 Quadrat 4
D (cm)
H (m)
d (m)
D (cm)
H (m)
d (m)
D (cm)
H (m)
d (m)
D (cm)
H (m)
d (m)
TALLY SHEET OF POINT QUARTER METHOD
VEG. ANALYSIS
Data Analysis
B.2. Point Quarter Method (Continued)
Relative Density =Individuals of a species
Total individuals of all speciesX 100
Density =Relative density of a species
100X total density of all species
Dominance = density of species X average dominance value for species
Relative Dominance =Dominance for a species
Total dominance for all speciesX 100
Total density of all species =Unit area
(mean point-to-plant distance)2
VEG. ANALYSIS
Data Analysis (Continued)
B.2. Point Quarter Method (Continued)
Relative Frequency =Frequncy value for a species
Total of frequency values for all speciesX 100
Frequency =Number of points at which species occurs
Total number of points sampled
Importance Value = relative density + relative dominance + relative frequncy
VEG. ANALYSIS
B.3. Ramdom Pairs Method
90
Randompoint
Measureddistance
Individual nearest to point
Nearest neighborin opposite 180o sector
VEG. ANALYSIS
B.3. Ramdom Pairs Method (Continued)Sampling Points
Species D
(cm)
H
(m)
d
(m)
VEG. ANALYSIS
DATA ANALYSIS
B.3. Ramdom Pairs Method (Continued)
Total density of all species =Unit area
(0.80 X mean point-to-plant distance)2
Absolute and relative values for density, dominance, and
frequency and the importance value may be determined
by the formulas previously given for the point-quarter
method
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
B.4. Line Intercept MethodB.4. Line Intercept Method
50 – 100 kaki ( 1 kaki = 30,48 cm)
x m x m x m
Pita Ukur
x m
SpeciesSpecies IntervalInterval
11 22 33 ........ NN
TALLY SHEET OF LINE INTERCEPT METHOD
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
DATA ANALYSISDATA ANALYSIS
B.4. Line Intercept Method (B.4. Line Intercept Method (ContinuedContinued))
Relative density =Total individuals of a species
Total individuals of all speciesX 100
Dominance or cover(as % of ground surface)
Total of intercept lengths for a species
Total transect lenghtX 100=
Relative dominance =Total of intercept lengths for a species
Total of intercept lenghts for all speciesX 100
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
DATA ANALYSISDATA ANALYSIS
B.4. Line Intercept Method (B.4. Line Intercept Method (ContinuedContinued))
Frequency =Intervals in which species occurs
Total number of transect intervalsX 100
Relative frequency =Frequency value for a species
Total of frequrncy values for all speciesX 100
Importance Value = relative density + relative dominance + relative frequncy
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
B.5. Point Intercept MethodB.5. Point Intercept Method
110 cm
10 cm
10 cm
kawat
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
B.5. Point Intercept Method (B.5. Point Intercept Method (ContinuedContinued))
TALLY SHEET OF POINT INTERCEPT METHODTALLY SHEET OF POINT INTERCEPT METHOD
SpeciesSpecies Random Point InterceptRandom Point Intercept
11 22 33 ........ NN
VEG. ANALYSISVEG. ANALYSIS
B.2. Point Intercept Method (B.2. Point Intercept Method (ContinuedContinued))
Data AnalysisData Analysis
Dominance = Number of point intercept for a species
Total of point intercept for all speciesX 100
Relative Dominance = Dominance values of a species
Dominance values of all speciesX 100
Absolute and relative values for density, and frequency
and the importance value may be determined by the
formulas previously given for the quadrat sampling
technique
VEG. ANALYSIS
