SURAINI ABD-AZIZSURAINI ABD-AZIZMOHD ALI HASSANMOHD ALI HASSANUNIVERSITI PUTRA UNIVERSITI PUTRA MALAYSIAMALAYSIABIOMASS R&D ACTIVITIES IN MALAYSIAINTRODUCTION What is Biomass?INTRODUCTION What is Biomass?Agricultural crops e.g. sugarcane, cassava, corn Agricultural crops e.g. sugarcane, cassava, cornAgricultural residues e.g. rice straw, cassava rhizome,Agricultural residues e.g. rice straw, cassava rhizome, corncobs corncobsWood & wood residues e.g. fast-growing Wood & wood residues e.g. fast-growingtrees, wood waste from wood mill trees, wood waste from wood millWaste stream e.g. rice husks Waste stream e.g. rice husksfrom rice mills, molasses & bagasse from rice mills, molasses & bagassefrom sugar refineries,from sugar refineries, residues fromresidues from palm oil mills palm oil mills, MSW , MSWOrganic matter available on renewable basisOrganic matter available on renewable basisBiomass as an Alternative ?Biomass as an Alternative ?Shifting of paradigm toard! "ioma!! 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Anima$ a!t#!E0nt !$&dg#1a!t#at#r E0nt !$&dg#1a!t#at#r/ood (hip! /ood (hip!Mo!t a"&ndant in Ma$a%!iaMo!t a"&ndant in Ma$a%!ia *2 34 mi$$ion tonn#! ann&a$$%, *2 34 mi$$ion tonn#! ann&a$$%,Prod&(tion of "ioma!!Prod&(tion of "ioma!! thro&gho&t th# %#arthro&gho&t th# %#ar Main (ontri"&tor of "ioma!! 5Main (ontri"&tor of "ioma!! 5 pa$m oi$ ind&!tr% pa$m oi$ ind&!tr%Oi$ Pa$m Empt% fr&it "&n(h#!Oi$ Pa$m Empt% fr&it "&n(h#! *OPE6B, *OPE6B,Pa$m oi$ mi$$ #0nt *POME, Pa$m oi$ mi$$ #0nt *POME,M#!o(arp ."#r M#!o(arp ."#rPa$m 7#rn#$ !h#$$! Pa$m 7#rn#$ !h#$$!Pa$m 7#rn#$ (a7# *r#!id, Pa$m 7#rn#$ (a7# *r#!id,Main$% $igno-(#$$&$o!i( mat#ria$! Main$% $igno-(#$$&$o!i( mat#ria$!Bioma!! r#!o&r(#!8 Agri(&$t&ra$ Bioma!! r#!o&r(#!8 Agri(&$t&ra$ r#!id!r#!id!Pa$m Oi$ Ind&!tr%8 Bioma!!Pa$m Oi$ Ind&!tr%8 Bioma!!Bioma!! prod&(tion *9443, Bioma!! prod&(tion *9443,Empt% fr&it "&n(h *E6B, 5 :; mi$$ion tonn#! Empt% fr&it "&n(h *E6B, 5 :; mi$$ion tonn#!Pa$m 7#rn#$ !h#$$ -< mi$$ion tonn#! Pa$m 7#rn#$ !h#$$ -< mi$$ion tonn#!M#!o(arp ."#r 5 ; mi$$ion tonn#! M#!o(arp ."#r 5 ; mi$$ion tonn#!A"&ndant and (on(#ntrat#d in th# mi$$!A"&ndant and (on(#ntrat#d in th# mi$$! *"&!in#!! a! &!&a$, *"&!in#!! a! &!&a$, N# B&!in#!! and Prod&(t! from Pa$m Bioma!! N# B&!in#!! and Prod&(t! from Pa$m Bioma!! Oi$ Pa$m Empt% 6r&it B&n(h := mi$$ion t1%rPa$m Oi$ Mi$$ E0nt;4 mi$$ion t1%rStandardi!#d "ioma!! a'ai$a"$#>"&!in#!! a! &!&a$?S&gar!Biop$a!ti( *PLA, or Bio#thano$ Pr#-tr#atm#nt and Sa((hari.(ation6#rm#ntation in "ior#a(tor!Bioma!! En#rg%Bio-a(id!Biop$a!ti( *P@A, Bioga!A C@B *C Bioh%drog#n,>D#roD#ro #mi!!ion #mi!!ion? a!t#-to- a!t#-to-#a$th #a$th + water recycling + water recyclingCompo!t! !Adding Va$ to Pa$m Adding Va$ to Pa$m Bioma!!Bioma!!Paradigm !hift toard! "ioma!! Paradigm !hift toard! "ioma!!Not a!t# Not a!t#R#n#a"$# R#n#a"$# S&!taina"$# S&!taina"$#Und#r-&ti$i!#d r#!o&r(# Und#r-&ti$i!#d r#!o&r(# Un(#rtainti#! of "ioma!! Un(#rtainti#! of "ioma!!T#(hno$ogi(a$ pro'#n T#(hno$ogi(a$ pro'#n ) )E(onomi(a$$% f#a!i"$# E(onomi(a$$% f#a!i"$# ) )E&a$it% and +&antit% ) E&a$it% and +&antit% )A'ai$a"i$it% & di!tri"&tion ) A'ai$a"i$it% & di!tri"&tion ) 'a$ (hain 'a$ (hain.n#.n# (h#mi(a$! (h#mi(a$!food food."#r."#r f##d f##df$ f$Thermal conversion BiomassThermal conversion BiomassTh#rma$ (on'#r!ion of "ioma!!Th#rma$ (on'#r!ion of "ioma!! Main$% in po#r1#$#(tri(it% g#n#ration Main$% in po#r1#$#(tri(it% g#n#rationComm#r(ia$$% &!#d in th# ind&!tri#!Comm#r(ia$$% &!#d in th# ind&!tri#! Pa$m oi$ mi$$! 5 "oi$#r! and !t#amPa$m oi$ mi$$! 5 "oi$#r! and !t#am t&r"in#! t&r"in#!Land.$$! 5 m#than# (om"&!tion Land.$$! 5 m#than# (om"&!tionT#(hno$og% pro'#n and high d#mand forT#(hno$og% pro'#n and high d#mand for #n#rg% #n#rg%Lo #F(i#n(% "oi$#r !%!t#m 5 m#ant forLo #F(i#n(% "oi$#r !%!t#m 5 m#ant for a!t# di!po!a$ in th# mi$$ a!t# di!po!a$ in th# mi$$Biolo!ical conversionC"Biolo!ical conversionC"# # $eneration$enerationCo$$a"orati'# Partn#r! 5Co$$a"orati'# Partn#r! 5 Uni'#r!iti P&tra Ma$a%!iaAUni'#r!iti P&tra Ma$a%!iaA G%&!h& In!tit&t# ofG%&!h& In!tit&t# of T#(hno$og%A6ELDA Pa$mT#(hno$og%A6ELDA Pa$m Ind&!tri#! & S&mitomoInd&!tri#! & S&mitomo @#a'% Ind&!tri#! @#a'% Ind&!tri#!C@ C@B B g#n#ration from POMEg#n#ration from POME ana#ro"i( tr#atm#nt ana#ro"i( tr#atm#ntPi$ot p$ant op#ration - ;44Pi$ot p$ant op#ration - ;44 m mH H impro'#d d#!ignimpro'#d d#!ign m#than# tan7APOMEm#than# tan7APOME ho$ding tan7A !#tt$ingho$ding tan7A !#tt$ing tan7A ga! !(r&""#rA ga!tan7A ga! !(r&""#rA ga! !torag# tan7 !torag# tan7Con'#r!ion into #$#(tri(it%Con'#r!ion into #$#(tri(it% &!ing ga! #ngin# &!ing ga! #ngin#P@ASE :M#than# Tan7NaO@ Tan7Ra POMEDi!(harg#Ia! Sta(7P@ASE 9Ia! Storag# Tan7Ia! S(r&""#rIa! Uti$iDation%O&' (tora!e(lud!e Rec)cleBio$ogi(a$ Con'#r!ion 8 Organi( Bio$ogi(a$ Con'#r!ion 8 Organi( A(id!A(id!Co$$a"orati'# partn#r! 5 UPMA 6ELDAA GIT Co$$a"orati'# partn#r! 5 UPMA 6ELDAA GITE!ta"$i!h#d f#rm#ntation t#(hno$og% of organi(E!ta"$i!h#d f#rm#ntation t#(hno$og% of organi( a(id! from POME ana#ro"i( tr#atm#nt a(id! from POME ana#ro"i( tr#atm#ntProd&(tion of a(#ti(A propioni( and "&t%ri( a(id! Prod&(tion of a(#ti(A propioni( and "&t%ri( a(id!Up !(a$ing th# pro(#!! to pi$ot p$ant op#ration Up !(a$ing th# pro(#!! to pi$ot p$ant op#rationPURI6IED ORIANIC ACIDSANAEROBIC TREATMENT RA/ POMEBio$ogi(a$ Con'#r!ion 8 Bio$ogi(a$ Con'#r!ion 8 Biop$a!ti(!Biop$a!ti(!Co$$a"orati'# Partn#r! - UPMA 6ELDAA GIT Co$$a"orati'# Partn#r! - UPMA 6ELDAA GITUti$iDation of a(#ti(A propioni( and "&t%ri( a(id! from POMEUti$iDation of a(#ti(A propioni( and "&t%ri( a(id! from POME 6#rm#ntation of organi( a(id! into po$%-h%droJ%a$7anoat#! 6#rm#ntation of organi( a(id! into po$%-h%droJ%a$7anoat#!Th# ho$# pro(#!! i$$ &ti$iD# #J(#!! #n#rg% from "ioga! p$ant Th# ho$# pro(#!! i$$ &ti$iD# #J(#!! #n#rg% from "ioga! p$antC&rr#nt !tag# 5 Di!ti$$ation of organi( a(id! and don!tr#amC&rr#nt !tag# 5 Di!ti$$ation of organi( a(id! and don!tr#am pro(#!!ing of P@A pro(#!!ing of P@ABio$ogi(a$ Con'#r!ion 8 Bio-Bio$ogi(a$ Con'#r!ion 8 Bio-(ompo!t(ompo!tOrgani( (ompo!t a! !&((#!!f&$$% prod&(#d &!ing POMEOrgani( (ompo!t a! !&((#!!f&$$% prod&(#d &!ing POME !$&dg#A !hr#dd#d E6BA MS/ and dom#!ti( !#ag# !$&dg# !$&dg#A !hr#dd#d E6BA MS/ and dom#!ti( !#ag# !$&dg#Iood prop#rti#! !&(h a! p@ =-