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S A M P L EPHILOSOPHY
Written examination
Day Date Reading time: *.** to *.** (15 minutes) Writing time: *.** to *.** (2 hours)
QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK
Structure of bookSection Number of
questionsNumber of questions
to be answeredNumber of
marks
A 5 5 30B 2 2 20C 2 1 20
Total 70
• Studentsarepermittedtobringintotheexaminationroom:pens,pencils,highlighters,erasers, sharpenersandrulers.
• StudentsareNOTpermittedtobringintotheexaminationroom:blanksheetsofpaperand/orcorrectionfluid/tape.
• Nocalculatorisallowedinthisexamination.
Materials supplied• Questionandanswerbookof24pages,includingassessment criteria for Section Conpage24• Additionalspaceisavailableattheendofthebookifyouneedextrapapertocompleteananswer.
Instructions• Writeyourstudent numberinthespaceprovidedaboveonthispage.• AllwrittenresponsesmustbeinEnglish.
Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic devices into the examination room.
©VICTORIANCURRICULUMANDASSESSMENTAUTHORITY2019
April2019
SUPERVISOR TO ATTACH PROCESSING LABEL HEREVictorian Certificate of Education Year
STUDENT NUMBER
Letter
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 2 April2019
SECTION A – continued
Question 1 (5 marks)a. According to Descartes, given that I could be dreaming or being deceived by an evil demon,
how can I know I have a mind? 2 marks
b. Evaluatetheargumentidentifiedinpart a. 3 marks
SECTION A
Instructions for Section AAnswerallquestionsinthespacesprovided.
April2019 3 PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE)
SECTION A – continuedTURN OVER
Question 2 (2marks)Smartanticipatestheobjectionthat‘anyilliteratepeasant’ cantalkabouttheirsensationswhileknowingnothingaboutneuroscience.Therefore,thethingswetalkaboutwhenwedescribeoursensationscannotbetheprocessesinthebraindescribedbyneuroscience.
OutlineonereplySmartofferstorefutethisobjection.
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 4 April2019
SECTION A – Question 3–continued
Question 3 (8marks)a. TowhatextentdoesHumeagreewithLockeonthenatureofpersonalidentity? 2marks
b. WhatisHume’sdisagreementwithLockeonthenatureofpersonalidentity? 2marks
April2019 5 PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE)
SECTION A – continuedTURN OVER
c. Whichview–Hume’sorLocke’s–ismoreplausibleandwhy?MakereferencetoMichaels’sargumentinyourresponse. 4marks
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 6 April2019
SECTION A – continued
Question 4 (7marks)a. IdentifyonepointofagreementbetweenSocratesandAristotleonhowtoachieveagoodlife. 2marks
b. IdentifyonepointofdisagreementbetweenSocratesandAristotleonhowtoachieveagoodlife. 2marks
c. Whichofthecontrastingviewsidentifiedinpart b.–Socrates’sorAristotle’s–ismoreplausibleandwhy? 3marks
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 8 April2019
SECTION A – Question 5–continued
Question 5 (8marks)a. Wolfclaimsthatthepursuitofmeaningfulnessisaresponsetoparticularhumanneeds.
Describeoneoftheseneeds. 2marks
b. Howplausibleistheaccountofhumannaturedescribedinpart a.?Givereasonsforyourresponse. 3marks
April2019 9 PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE)
END OF SECTION ATURN OVER
c. HowmightNietzscherespondtotheaccountofhumannaturedescribedinpart a.andwhy? 3marks
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 10 April2019
SECTION B – Question 1–continued
Question 1 (10marks)
Maryisconfinedtoablack-and-whiteroom,iseducatedthroughblack-and-whitebooksandthroughlecturesrelayedonblack-and-whitetelevision.Inthiswayshelearnseverythingthereistoknowaboutthephysicalnatureoftheworld.Sheknowsallthephysicalfactsaboutusandourenvironment,inawidesenseof‘physical’whichincludeseverythingincompletedphysics,chemistry,andneurophysiology,andallthereistoknowaboutthecausalandrelationalfactsconsequentuponallthis,includingofcoursefunctionalroles.Ifphysicalismistrue,sheknowsallthereistoknow.Fortosupposeotherwiseistosupposethatthereismoretoknowthaneveryphysicalfact,andthatisjustwhatphysicalismdenies.… Itseems,however,thatMarydoesnotknowallthereistoknow.Forwhensheisletoutofthe black-and-whiteroomorgivenacolortelevision,shewilllearnwhatitisliketoseesomethingred,say.
Source:FJackson,‘WhatMaryDidn’tKnow’,The Journal of Philosophy,vol.83,no.5,May1986,p.291
IsthereanythingMarydoesnotknowbeforesheleavestheroomorreceivesthecolourtelevision?Developaresponsetothisquestion.Inyourresponse,youshoulddiscuss:• howNagelmightrespondtothisargument• howSmartmightrespondtothisargument• whichview–Nagel’sorSmart’s–youfindmoreplausibleandwhy.
Justifyyourresponse,takingintoaccounttheideaspresentedinthepassage.
SECTION B
Instructions for Section BAnswerallquestionsinthespacesprovided.
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 12 April2019
SECTION B – Question 2–continued
Question 2 (10marks)
In‘TheLostMariner’(1984),OliverSacksdescribesJimmie,amanwithnear-totalmemorylosscausedbyKorsakoff’ssyndrome,abraindisorderassociatedwithheavyalcoholconsumption.Sacksworriesthathispatienthasbecome‘de-souled’,butreconsiderswhenheobserveshowJimmieistransportedwhilesinginghymnsandtakingthesacramentatMass.HerecallstheSovietpsychologistAlexanderLuria’sinsight:‘Amandoesnotconsistofmemoryalone.Hehasfeeling,will,sensibility,moralbeing…Itishere…youmaytouchhim,andseeaprofoundchange.’
Source:NStrohminger,‘TheSelfisMoral’,Aeon,17November2014, <https://aeon.co/essays/moral-character-is-the-foundation-of-a-sense-of-personal-identity>
Inlightofthispassage,whohasthemostplausibleviewofpersonalidentity–LockeorMichaels?Developaresponsetothisquestion.Inyourresponse,youshoulddiscuss:• howthispassagechallengesLocke’sviewsonpersonalidentity• theextenttowhichthispassageagreeswithMichaels’sviewsonpersonalidentity• whichthinker–LockeorMichaels–givesthemoreplausibletheoryofpersonalidentity.
Justifyyourresponse,takingintoaccounttheideaspresentedinthepassage.
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 14 April2019
SECTION C – continued
Question 1 (20marks)
Notsolongago,technologywasheldupasthegreatliberator,whichwouldfreeusfromthetyrannyofourdailyworkinglivesanddeliverusthesupremegiftofpersonaltime…Ofcourse,thathasfailedtohappen.Onthecontrary,technologyhassimplyrampedupthepace,enslavingaworkforcebycreatinggreaterdemandsforincreasedproductivityinever-decreasingtimeframes.What’sworse,technologyincreasinglydisconnectsusfromthetaskathand,reducingourconnectionandstrippingthe‘soul’fromourworkingpractice.Weprogressivelyworkinanenvironmentthatextolsthevirtueofimmediacy.Wecommunicateatgreaterspeed,morefrequently,andwithmoreandmorepeople,butoften,withlessdepthandpersonalconnection.
Source:MDonohue,‘ReversingintoTomorrow’,New Philosopher,issue8,May–July2015,p.116
CriticallydiscusshoweitherNietzscheorWolfmightrespondtothisperspectiveontheinterplaybetweentechnologicaldevelopmentandthegoodlife.Inyourresponse,drawonat least oneofthefollowingphilosophicalconcepts:progress,reality,control,dependency,freedom,creativity.Youmayalsodrawonothersources.
OR
Question 2 (20marks)
Moderntechnologyprovidesuswithmanymeanstocauseourdownfall,andournaturalmoralpsychologydoesnotprovideuswiththemeanstopreventit.Themoralenhancementofhumankindisnecessaryfortheretobeawayoutofthispredicament.Ifwearetoavoidcatastrophebymisguidedemploymentofourpower,weneedtobemorallymotivatedtoahigherdegree…Astrongerfocusonmoraleducationcouldgosomewaytoachievingthis,butasalreadyremarked,thismethodhashadonlymodestsuccessduringthelastcoupleofmillennia.Ourgrowingknowledgeofbiology,especiallygeneticsandneurobiology,coulddeliveradditionalmoralenhancement,suchasdrugsorgeneticmodifications,ordevicestoaugmentmoraleducation.Thedevelopmentandapplicationofsuchtechniquesisrisky–itisafterallhumansintheircurrentmorally-ineptstatewhomustapplythem–butwethinkthatourpresentsituationissodesperatethatthiscourseofactionmustbeinvestigated.Wehaveradicallytransformedoursocialandnaturalenvironmentsbytechnology,whileourmoraldispositionshaveremainedvirtuallyunchanged.Wemustnowconsiderapplyingtechnologytoourownnature,supportingoureffortstocopewiththeexternalenvironmentthatwehavecreated.
Source:JSavulescuandIPersson,‘MoralEnhancement’,inPhilosophy Now,issue91, <https://philosophynow.org/issues/91/Moral_Enhancement>
HowmightAristotlerespondtothisperspectiveontherelationshipbetweentechnologicaldevelopment,moralityandthegoodlife?TowhatextentwouldyouagreewithAristotle’sviews?Inyourresponse,youmayalsodrawonotherphilosophicalconceptsandsources.
SECTION C
Instructions for Section CWriteanessayonone ofthefollowingquestionsinthespaceprovided.Yourresponsewillbeassessedaccordingtotheassessmentcriteriasetoutonpage24.
April2019 19 PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE)
TURN OVER
Extra space for responses
Clearly number all responses in this space.
PHILOSOPHY(SAMPLE) 24 April2019
Assessment criteria for Section CTheessayinSectionCwillbeassessedagainstthefollowingcriteria:• knowledgeandunderstandingofphilosophicalconcepts,viewpoints,argumentsanddebatesrelevant
tothetopic• criticalevaluationofideasandargumentsrelevanttothetopic• selectionanduseofrelevantmaterialandappropriateexamplestosupporttheresponse• developmentofacoherentandwell-reasonedresponsethataddressesthespecificdemandsofthe
topic• useofclearandpreciselanguageappropriatetophilosophy
END OF QUESTION AND ANSWER BOOK