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Department of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Wroclaw University of Technology
www.ibp.pwr.edu.pl
VARIOUS FACES OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
Wrocław University of Technology WrUT is an inheritor of the tangible
property of the German Königliche Technische Hochschule Breslau and
the intellectual and research traditions of the Polish Lvov Polytechnic.
The university has been functioning under the current name since 1945. It
was established and organised after WWII by researchers from Lvov and
Warsaw.
Today, it belongs to the best technical universities in Poland – over 32.000
students study here under the guidance of 2.000 academic teachers, at the
12 faculties and the Department of Fundamental Studies, as well as in the
3 regional branches.
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Wroclaw University of Technology
www.ibp.pwr.edu.pl
Department of Biomedical Engineering (former the Institute of
Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation) belongs to the Faculty
of Fundamental Problems of Technology. Dozens of students study
the Biomedical Engineering at our Faculty (ca. 150 are enrolled
each year).
Seven research groups are actively involved in the research projects:
Bio-Optics Group, Laboratory of Biophysics of Macromolecular
Aggregates, Group of Bioinformatics and Biophysics of Nanopores,
Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory, Group of
Biospectroscopy, Group of Biomedical Electronics and
Measurements, Group of Computer Simulations of Biomedical
Systems.
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Wroclaw University of Technology
www.ibp.pwr.edu.pl
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Wroclaw University of Technology
www.ibp.pwr.edu.pl
Our research groups
Bio-Optics GroupGroup leader: Prof. Dr. Halina Podbielska
Optical systems and methods for quick bacteria characterization by optical methods. Antibacterialmaterials. Photosensitive nanomaterials. Nanoscale measurements (AFM). Computer aided analysis ofmedical images. Physcial medicine. Thermal imaging. Pattern recognition.
Laboratory of Biophysics of Macromolecular AggregatesGroup leader: Prof. Dr. Marek Langner
Procedures to evaluate sample stability using calorimetric methods. Procedures to evaluate chemicalcomposition of complex solid materials using LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy). Size andzeta-potential determination using DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering) method. Study of supramolecularaggregates formation and stability for targeted drug delivery systems
Group of Bioinformatics and Biophysics of NanoporesGroup leader: Dr. hab. Małgorzata Kotulska, Assoc. Prof.
Biological nanopores, such as electropores and protein ionic channels. Conductivity characteristics,structure-function relations, and medical applications. Experimental study on electro-nanopores inplanar lipid membranes. Electrochemiotherapy of cancer cells in vitro. Computer modeling ofconductivity of various nanopores. Bioinformatical methods for modeling structure of membranechannel proteins.
Biomedical Signal Processing LaboratoryGroup leader: Dr. hab. Robert D. Iskander, Assoc. Prof.
Monitoring, modeling and analysis of intracranial pressure, arterial blood pressure and cerebral bloodflow velocity in patients with hydrocephalus. Modeling and clinical applications of the eye pupilreactivity. Modeling and study of correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements andgeometry and biomechanical properties of the human eyeball.
Group of BiospectroscopyGroup leader: Prof. Dr. Małgorzata Komorowska
Studies of the influence of near infrared radiation on tissue, proteins, nucleotides, and aminoacids bymeans of different spectroscopic methods. Red blood cells protection by IR irradiation. Spin labels ESRspectroscopy. ATR-FTIR and Raman vibrational spectroscopy, UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy.
Group of Biomedical Electronics and MeasurementsGroup leader: Dr. hab. Zbigniew Moroń, Assoc. Prof.
Bioelectronics. Biomedical measurements and instrumentation. Modeling of biomedical structures andsystems. Medical electronics. Medical navigation.
Group of Computer Simulations of Biomedical SystemsGroup leader: Dr hab. Krystian Kubica, Assoc. Prof.
Membrane properties modeling by computer simulation technique . Study the interaction betweenbiologically active compounds and membranes.
Novel Perspectives on the Characterization of Species-Dependent Optical Signatures of Bacterial
Colonies by Digital Holography
Novel Perspectives on bacterial identification by light diffraction
Bio-optics and Biophotonics for MicrobiologicalApplications
BASIC CONCEPTS OF LABEL-FREE DETECTION OF BACTERIA
BY LIGHT DIFFRACTION
Genotypic features of bacterial
cells affect the phenotypic
properties of bacterial cells
Morphology and metabolic
properties of bacteria cells
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas vulgaris
Staphylococcus aureus
Species/strains – dependentd
morphological and optical
properties of bacterial colonies
Unique diffraction signatures of
bacterial colonies
„BACTERIA FINGERPRINTS”
DEVELOPMENT OF THE OPTICAL SYSTEM FOR BACTERIA
IDENTIFICATION
(1) Laser diode module, (2) Linear polarizer, (3) Amplitude filter, (4) Beam
expander, (5) Iris diaphragm, (6) Transforming lens, (7) Sample of bacterial
colonies in Petri Dish, (8) Holder, (9) CCD camera, (10) Computer.
I. Buzalewicz, A.Wieliczko, H. Podbielska, Influence of various growthconditions on Fresnel diffraction patterns of bacteria colonies examinedin the optical system with converging spherical wave illumination, OpticsExpress 19(22), 21768-21785, (2011)
2010
2013
2015
Staphylococcus aureus
(ATCC 43300)
Salmonella Typhimurium
(ATCC 13311)
Proteus mirabilis
(ATCC 43071)
Salmonella Enteritidis
(ATCC 13076)
Listeria monocytogenes
(ATCC 19115)
Enterococcus faecalis
(ATCC 51299)
Bacillus subtilis
(ATCC 6633)
Klebsiella pneumoniae
(ATCC 700603)
Citrobacter freundii
(ATCC 43864) Escherichia coli
(ATCC 35401)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(ATCC 27853)
Staphylococcus intermedius
(PCM 2405)
A.Suchwałko, I. Buzalewicz, H. Podbielska, Bacteria identification inan optical system with optimized diffraction pattern registrationcondition supported by enhanced statistical analysis, Optics Express22(21), 26312-26327, (2014)
A.Suchwałko, I. Buzalewicz, A. Wieliczko, H. Podbielska, Bacteriaspecies identification by the statistical analysis of bacterial coloniesFresnel patterns, Optics Express 21(9), 11322-11337, (2013)
A. Suchwałko, I. Buzalewicz, H. Podbielska, Statistical identificationof bacteria species, Microbial pathogens and strategies forcombating them: science, technology and education , vol. 1, A.Mendez-Vilas (Eds.), Formatex Research Center (2013), s. 711-721
Fresnel diffraction patterns analysis supported bystatistical methods enable the bacteriaclassification with the accuracy over 98%.
The reference database contains over 10000diffraction patterns of 30 bacterial species and over15 strains.
I. Buzalewicz, K. Liżewski, M. Kujawińska, H. Podbielska, Degeneration of Fraunhoferdiffraction on bacterial colonies due to their light focusing properties examined in digitalholographic microscope system, Optics Express 21(22), 26493-26505, (2013)
Digital holography for bacterial colonies characterization
Characterization of species-dependent bacterial coloniesprofiles by digital
holography.
Demonstration thatbacterial colonies
exhibit analogical light-focusing properties as
classical lenses.
I. Buzalewicz, M. Kujawińska, W. Krauze, H. Podbielska, Novel Perspectives on the Characterization of Species-Dependent Optical Signatures of Bacterial Colonies by Digital Holography, PLoS One 11(3): e0150449.(2016) doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150449
Novel Perspectives on the Characterization of Species-Dependent Optical Signatures of Bacterial Colonies by Digital Holography
In comparison with previous forward scattering/diffraction sensors it ispossible by digital holography to extract more species-dependent opticalsignatures: digital holograms of bacterial colonies, amplitude and phase patterns ofbacterial colonies, amplitude and phase patterns of diffracted field on bacterial colonies inall observation space.
Staphylococcusintermedius
Escherichia coli
Biomedical Engineering in nanoscale
11
Biofunctionalization of stent surface
2013-2016 Grant FP7-PEOPLE-2012-IAPP”Antibody-functionalised cardiovascular
stents for improved biocompatibility and reduced restenosis”
Grant FP7 nr CP-FP 212533-2, “Electrically modified biomaterials’ surfaces: From Atom
to Application”, grant acronym: “BioElectricSurface”
Problems after coronary angioplasty
restenosis
http://vueklar.com/MyImages/MRI%20of%20VueKlar%20stent%20with%20thrombosis.gif
SMC
restenosis
thrombosis
Modification of stent surface
Collaboration with Balton and the Medical University of Wroclaw
Photoactive coating for implantable medical devices for interventional cardiology. Design
of photosensitive coating to prevent restenosis and thrombosis.
Stainless steel surface functionalization for immobilization of antibody fragments for cardiovascular applications.
Foerster A, Hołowacz I, Sunil Kumar GB, Anandakumar S, Wall JG, Wawrzyńska M, Paprocka M, Kantor A,
Kraskiewicz H, Olsztyńska-Janus S, Hinder SJ, Bialy D, Podbielska H, Kopaczyńska M.
J Biomed Mater Res A. 2016 Apr;104(4):821-32
Immunofluorescence images of endothelial cells after 4h
adhesion and 5 days of proliferation on bar stainless
steel and titania coatings
Biocompatibile coating has potential activity against restenosis.
The photoactive stent was produced in prototype series by Balton, tested in vitro and in
vivo and is currently preparing to undertake clinical trials.
Patent P. 395888.
The implantation of photoactive stent
Angiografia Histopatologia OCT
Stent in the vessel
Explanted stent
In vivo study
Patent Application P.412016
17
The photoactive formulation of
nanoliposomes as a new strategy in the
photodynamic therapy of unstable
atherosclerotic plaque
2014– 2017 Grant NCN, „The photoactive formulation of nanoliposomes as a new
strategy in the photodynamic therapy of unstable atherosclerotic plaque”.
18
Application of photosensitizing drug in a liposomal nanoformulation
TEM image of liposomal
nanoformulation with encapsulated
photoactive drug
100 nm
Colocalization of liposomal
nanoformulation with encapsulated
photoactive drug in the cells
19
The prototype system for intravascular PDT
20
Nanostructural changes in the cellular
structures induced by drugs used in
chemotherapy of malignant tumors
2012-2015 Grant NCBiR, “Optical tweezers in biomedical engineering”
groove binding
DNA-drug complexes
intercalationelectrostatic
interaction
Nanostructural changes of DNA caused by doxorubicin
AFM images
DNA DNA + DOX
Anthracycline antibiotic :
doksorubicin,
daunorubicin,
epirubicin;
Nanostructural changes of DNA caused by
aminoglycosides
AFM images: A) free DNA on mica surface, B) toroidal structures
caused by tobramycin, C) DNA strands degradation caused by
kanamycin
New strategies of targeted molecular therapy
Molecular model of the toroidal structures
Selective condensation of DNA by aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Kopaczynska M, Schulz A, Fraczkowska K, Kraszewski S, Podbielska H, Fuhrhop JH.
Eur Biophys J. 2015 Dec 8.
25
The studies of the mechanical properties of the
cell structures induced by drugs used in
chemotherapy of malignant tumors
2012-2015 Grant NCBiR, “Optical tweezers in biomedical engineering”
Optical tweezers in mechanical studies of nanomaterials
27
Optical tweezers in oncology
Collaboration with Medical University of Wroclaw. Studies on biomechanical
properties of the blastic cell membranes of acute myeloid leukemia, comparison
between healthy blood cells and aggressive cancer cells.
Blood smear patient with
acute myeloid leukemia
Mechanical properties study of blastic stem
cells of acute myelogenous leukemia in
optical trap
Nanomanipulation of the cells by using optical
tweezers
28
Stem cells of acute myelogenous
leukemia blastsErythrocyte in the trap
Novel Perspectives of IR imaging for early detection and therapy monitoring of lipodystrophy
Novel Perspectives of IR imaging’ applications for personalized physiotherapeutic approach
Bio-optics and Biophotonics for Predictive, Preventive and Personalized Medicine
INFRARED IMAGING IN
MEDICINE AND
PHYSIOTHERAPY
THERMOVISION (THERMOGRAPHY) measurement technique which enables
registration and visualization of Infra
Red radiation emitted by each body
which temperature is above absolute
zero.
Image of the body’s surface
temperature distribution, obtained
as a result of IR radiation
recording, is called thermogram.
Patient with spine disease
The following stages of coronary circulation after
LIMA-LAD anastomosis
Healthy patient on the right and patient with
thromboembolism and inflammatory process on the
left
Patient with Reynaud disease
DETECTING OF EARLY STAGES OF
LIPODYSTROPHY
AND ASSESSMENT OF TREATMENT
PROGRESS
Patient with
Stage 1
Patient with
Stage 3
Healthy tissue
Stage 0
Patient with
Stage 2
Nürnberger-Müller scale (1978)
Stages of cellulite
Cellulite
diagnostics
Nürnberger -Müller scale
CT
NMRDermatoscopy
Thermography
USG
THERMAANALYZER – NEW SOFTWARE FOR DIAGNOSTIC,
REAL-TIME THERAPY MONITORING AND TREATMENT
PROGRESS’ASSESSMENT BY USE THERMOVISION
ThermaAnalyzer –working with the
program
Calculation the spots
number and size
Open fileSelect ROI /Set parametrs/
AnalyzeView results
in new window
THERMAANALYZER – LIPODYSTROPHY TREATMENT MONITORING
Patient nr 10, initially stage 3 Patient nr 8, initially stage 1
Before treatment After 4 weeks
treatment
Before treatment After 4 weeks
treatment
Persons with higherdegree of cellulitehave more irregularsuperficialtemperaturedistribution seen asthe spots on thethermal image.
Thermal imaging canbe an objectivemethod forlipodystrophydiagnosis and therapymonitoring.
SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE RESEARCH:
1.Establishment of personalized procedures for monotherapies, based on such parameters like: age, gender, BMI, parameters of physical agents
2.Establishment of personalized procedures for polytherapies, including such parameters like: treatment order, optimal break between treatments parameters of physical agents
Person 1 Person 5 Person 13
Person 10 Person 17
RESEARCH:
1. Personalization of physical treatment is not a trivial task, as a proper planning of the procedures, especially in case of joined therapies, requires an extensive and profound knowledge of physiological and pathological conditions of the body's response to stimuli and regular tracking of the organism’s reaction.
2. Physical stimuli should cause specific therapeutic reaction
3. There are still no comprehensive studies of the different physical procedures, depending on such parameters as patient’s age, gender, BMI, dose, stimuli duration as well as the application’s order.
MONITORING OF PHYSIOTHERAPEUTIC
POLYTHERAPIES AND MONOTHERAPIES
Patient No 16
(Woman)
Thermogram
before treatment After
cryotherapy
After
ultrasounds
After 15
minutesAfter 30
minutes
Our study demonstrated that older persons do not react on the physical agents in form of cooling or heating in the same way as the young individuals.
A significant differences can be seen just after applying the second treatment in both cases DD-Soll and Soll-DD polytherapies. However, the thermal effect is short and no significant differences were observed after 15 and 30 minutes
A significant difference can be observed in case of US-CRYO versus CRYO-US polytherapies. In case of US-CRYO order the cooling effect lasts longer (up to 30 min) whereas in case of CRYO-US the thermal effect is shorter ( up to 15 minutes)
These findings have practical significance, especially when the treatment procedure is performed in order to facilitate the kinesiotherapy and physical exercises.
Boerner Ewa*, Bauer Joanna, Kuczkowska Magdalena*, Podbielska Halina, Ratajczak B*: Comparison of the skin surface temperature on the front of thighafter application of combined red-IR radiation and diadynamic currents executed in a different sequence Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2015, vol. 120, nr 1, s. 921-928, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-015-4545-9
Boerner Ewa*, Bauer Joanna, Ratajczak B*, Dereń Ewelina*, Podbielska Halina: Application of thermovision for analysis of superficial temperature distributionchanges after physiotherapy Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry. 2015, vol. 120, nr 1, s. 261-267, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-014-4026-6
Laboratory for Biophysics of Macromolecular Aggregates
prof. Marek Langner
Magda Przybyło, PhD
Sebastian Kraszewski PhD
Maciej Łukawski, MSc
Kamila Szostak, MSc
Dominik Drabik, MSc
Pl. Grunwaldzki 13, bud. D1 pok. 8A
phone: +48 71 320 41 55
E-mail: [email protected]
www.lbam.pwr.edu.pl
LAB FACILITY:
- Steady-state and time resolved
fluorescence,
- Dynamic light scattering,
- HPLC (UV/VIS, FLUO, ELSD),
- Stopped-flow apparatus,
- UV/VIS spectroscopy,
- LIBS,
- Ultrafiltration,
- Differential Scanning Calorimetry,
- Isothermal Titration Calorimetry
Laboratory for Biophysics of
Macromolecular Aggregates
BASIC RESEARCH : BIOPHYSICS OF LIPID MEMBRANE
Studies of lipid membrane mechanics by microscopic imaging
Drabik, D; Przybylo, M; Chodaczek, G; Iglic, A; Langner, M The modified fluorescence
based vesicle fluctuation spectroscopy technique for determination of lipid bilayer bending
properties Biochimica et Biophysica Acta – Biomembranes 2015; 1858 (2), 244-252
Determination of lipid bilayer bending properties by vesicle
fluctuation analysis based on confocal imaging
Drabik D, Przybyło M., Sikorski A., Langner M., The Effect of a Fluorophore Photo-
Physics on the Lipid Vesicle Diffusion Coefficient Studied by Fluorescence Correlation
Spectroscopy, Journal of Fluorescence DOI 10.1007/s10895-015-1752-5.
Determination of lipid diffusion coefficient by Fluorescence
Correlation Spectroscopy
Studies on lipid membrane permeability
Przybylo M, Drabik D, Lukawski M, Langner M. Effect of Monovalent Anions on Water
Transmembrane Transport. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2014;118(39):11470-11479. A
Experimental studies of water transport through
the lipid membrane – development of new
method based on stopped – flow technique
Lis M, Wizert A. Przybylo M. Langner M. Swiatek J. Jungwirth P.
Cwiklik Ł. The effect of lipid oxidation on the water permeability of
phospholipids bilayers Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2011, 13, 17555–
17563
Supported by Molecular Dynamic Simulations
Brain Research Lab
Joint time-frequency analysisof dynamic cerebral autoregulation
Research supported by National Science Centre, Poland (no. DEC-2013/10/E/ST7/00117)
www.brainlab.pwr.edu.pl
Non-invasive measurements:
Arterial Blood Pressure – Finapres finger plethysmograph (Finometer®
MIDI, FMS Medical Systems)
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity – Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (Doppler-Box™ X DWL)
End tidal CO2 – capnograph (RespSense™, NONIN)
ECG – three lead (ECG module, FMS Medical Systems)
Experimental Procedure Hypercapnia is induced by increasing the
respiratory dead space by attaching plastic sack.
Hypercapnia is used as a model of cerebral autoregulation impairment.
Results: Exemplary Subject
Time (minutes)
Fre
quen
cy (
Hz)
0 1 2 3 4 50.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
time-frequency coherence = 0.36
time frequency phase shift = 35.5°
Time (minutes)
Freq
uenc
y (H
z)
0 1 2 3 40.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
normocapnia hypercapnia
time-frequency phase shift = 17.9°
time-frequency coherence= 0.44
Cerebral autoregulation is less effective in hypercapnia (higher T-F coherence, lower T-F phase shift between arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flowvelocity )
Research
www.brainlab.pwr.edu.pl
Multimodal monitoring of biosignals in brain injury patients
Decomplexification of biosignals in brain pathology
ABPRenyi entropy=51.05
1st day after SAH (before vasospasm) 10th day after SAH (duringvasospasm)
CBFV (side of vasospasm)Renyi entropy=38.62
ABPRenyi entropy=27.58
CBFV (side of vasospasm)Renyi entropy=29.98
Complexity of T-F representations of arterial blood pressue (ABP) and cerebralblood flow velocity (CBFV) is lower during vasospasm than before vasospasm in patients after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)
Ocular dicrotism, a double-peak shaped feature in corneal pulsation, is a newly observed phenomenon (2015). It was found to increase its prevalencewith age and with glaucoma progression.
Ocular dicrotic pulse, characterised by two corneal pulsations with each cardiac cycle, was detected with innovative ultrasonic transducers.
Oculardicrotism
New instrument for measuring corneo-scleral topography
Typical coverage by a standard Placido disk
videokeratoscope
Wide coverage range
Fluroescein needs to be instilled into the eyeFourier Profilometry
topographer
Department of Biomedical Engineering
Faculty of Fundamental Technical Problems, Wroclaw University of Technology
www.ibp.pwr.edu.pl
CURRENT EUROPEAN PROJECTS
Prof. R. IskanderH2020-MSCA-ITN-2014 EDEN – European Dry Eye Network, ID 642760, European Commission, start: 01-10-2014FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN AGEYE – Aging Eye, ID MC608049, European Commission, start: 01-10-2013
Prof. H. PodbielskaFP7- PEOPLE-2012-IAPP EU Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways (IAPP) EPICSTENT Antibody-functionalised cardiovascular stents for improved biocompatibility and reduced restenosis, start: 01-05-2013
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