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VARIETY TRIAL RESULTS AND 2016 CROPPING YEAR CHALLENGES
Dr. Kurtis Schroeder
Cropping Systems Agronomist & Pathologist
University of Idaho, Moscow
January 25, 2017
NORTH IDAHO VARIETY TESTING
• Test new releases and advanced breeding lines for their relative performance in Idaho’s diverse climates
• Accelerate the adoption of improved varieties by increasing the visibility and exposure
• Increase economic returns and maintain competitiveness of Idaho producers
• Provide objective and statistically sound evaluations of variety performance
North Idaho Extension
Cereal Nurseries
Tensed WW
Moscow WW
Bonners Ferry WW & WB
Genesee WW
Nezperce WWCraigmont SW & SB
Bonners Ferry SW & SB
Genesee SW & SB
Tammany WW
Winter wheat
• 4 conv. tillage
• 2 direct seeded
Spring wheat
and barley
• 2 conv. tillage
• 2 direct seeded
Moscow SW & SB
North Idaho Extension
Grain Legume Nurseries
Moscow WP
Craigmont SP, SL, CP
Ferdinand WP
Genesee SP, SL, CP
Winter pea
• 1 conv. tillage
• 1 direct seeded
Spring legumes
• 2 conv. tillage
• 1 direct seeded
Moscow SP, SL, CP
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Te
mp
era
ture
(F
)
20
30
40
50
60
70
2015-2016
Average (1985-2016)
2015-2016 TEMPERATURES AT PORTHILL
http://weather-warehouse.com
Oct
Nov
Dec
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Pre
cip
ita
tio
n (
inc
he
s)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.52015-2016
Average (1985-2016)
2015-2016 PRECIPITATION AT PORTHILL
http://weather-warehouse.com
2015-2016 PRECIPITATION AT PORTHILL
http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/wwdt/time/Dr. John Abatzoglou (UI)Dr. Kelly Redmond
Bru
neau
UI S
parro
w
UI/W
SU H
uffman
LCS A
rtdec
o
WB52
8
Norw
est D
uet
UI C
astle
CL+
WB-J
unctio
n
Mad
sen
Jasp
er
SY O
vatio
n
SY 1
07
WB15
29
WB16
04
Ste
phens
WB45
6
Coda
Pum
a
WB13
76CLP
LCS D
rive
UI M
agic
CL+
UI P
alouse
CL+
Bru
ndage
96
LCS B
ianco
r
Bobta
il
Yie
ld (
bu
/A)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
BONNERS FERRY SOFT WHITE WINTER WHEAT
CV = 11.0, LSD = 19
3-YEAR AVERAGE YIELDS (SWWW)
Bonners Ferry North Idaho (6 sites)
VarietyYield
(bu/A) VarietyYield
(bu/A)Bruneau 123 LCS Artdeco 107UI/WSU Huffman 120 Bruneau 107WB-Junction 116 WB-Junction 106UI Sparrow 113 UI Sparrow 104Madsen 111 UI/WSU Huffman 103Puma 109 LCS Drive 102
Puma 102CV = 8.8, LSD = 3
CV = 9.3, LSD = 8
LCS J
et
LCS C
olonia
Norw
est 5
53
UI S
ilver
Kel
din
WB-A
rrow
head
Whet
stone
Yie
ld (
bu
/A)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
BONNERS FERRY HARD WINTER WHEAT
CV = 8.5, LSD = 12
HARD WINTER WHEAT
VarietyNorth Idaho Average
Yield (bu/A) Protein (%)
LCS Jet 134 11.6
LCS Colonia 126 11.3
Norwest 553 118 12.1
Keldin 118 11.5
WB-Arrowhead 114 11.9
UI Silver 113 11.6
Whetstone 104 12.5
NEW WHITE WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES
• Norwest Duet (LOR-092)• #1 in 2016 and 2-year ave.• Very good winter hardiness• Excellent stripe rust resistance• C-stripe resistant• Tall (6 in. above average)
• Norwest Tandem (LOR-334)• Excellent stripe rust resistance• Average winter hardiness
• LCS Drive (LWW12-7105)• Good 3-year average• Very good stripe rust resistance• C-stripe resistance• Barley yellow dwarf resistance
• UI Sparrow (IDO1108DH)• High yield potential• Excellent winter hardiness• Good resistance to stripe rust, snow mold, eye spot• Immune to dwarf bunt
NEW WHITE WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES
2-GENE CLEARFIELD SWWW
UI Castle CL+
UI Palouse CL+
UI Magic CL+Early, short
High yield
High yield
Good stripe rust res.
Short
C-stripe tolerance
UI 2-GENE SWWW – 2016 PERFORMANCE (ID)
VarietyRegional
Ave. (bu/A)Bonners
Ferry Genesee Lewiston Moscow Nezperce Tensed
LCS Artdeco 135 (109%) 134 130 159 120 113 155
UI/WSU Huffman 128 (103%) 136 124 136 112 113 147
UI Castle CL+ 124 (100%) 127 124 136 117 109 132
Stephens 120 (97%) 115 114 137 113 108 134
UI Magic CL+ 120 (96%) 108 119 142 114 96 139
UI Palouse CL+ 119 (96%) 116 116 132 117 103 130
WB 1376 CLP 108 (87%) 111 105 127 95 94 116
NEW HARD WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES
• LCS Jet (NSA10-7208) – Hard red• Excellent yield potential (10+ bu/A over closest variety)• Good protein• Excellent winter hardiness• Strong straw, shorter than Keldin• Good stripe rust resistance• C-stripe tolerance
Sea
hawk
Div
a
Rya
n (WA82
14)
WB-6
341
JD (c
lub)
Tekoa
(WA81
89)
Mel
ba (c
lub, W
A81
93)
WB-6
121
WB-1
035C
L+
UI S
tone
Altu
ras
Bab
e
Yie
ld (
bu
/A)
0
20
40
60
80
100
BONNERS FERRY SOFT WHITE SPRING WHEAT
CV = 8.5, LSD = 10
LCS S
tar (W
)
Day
n (W)
Gle
e
LCS Ir
on
UI P
latin
um (W
)
LCS A
tom
o (W)
WB95
18
HRS 3
419
WB94
11
WB-H
artli
ne (W
)
HRS 3
504
Jeffer
son
WB92
00
UI W
inch
este
r
WB96
68
HRS 3
616
Alu
m
WB98
79CLP
HRS 3
530
Yie
ld (
bu
/A)
0
20
40
60
80
100
BONNERS FERRY HARD SPRING WHEAT
CV = 6.1, LSD = 7
CRAIGMONT HARD SPRING WHEATVariety Protein (%) Variety Protein (%)Alum 13.3 LCS Star (W) 12.0Dayn (W) 12.6 UI Platinum (W) 12.0Glee 12.5 UI Winchester 13.0HRS3419 11.9 WB9200 14.5HRS3504 13.1 WB9411 13.0HRS3530 12.5 WB9518 13.5HRS3616 14.6 WB9668 14.5Jefferson 12.0 WB9879CLP 13.4LCS Atomo (W) 11.8 WB-Hartline 12.4LCS Iron 12.3
http://washingtoncrop.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/2016-Preferred-Varieties-printable.pdf
LCS V
espa
Lenet
ah
Tetonia
Cla
ymore
(BZ50
9-21
6)
Ore
ana
(BZ50
9-44
8)
Cam
as
Cham
pion
Lyon
LCS O
dysse
y
LCS W
estm
inst
er
LCS G
enie
CDC-C
opelan
d
Kar
dia (2
Ab09
-X06
F084-
51)
Sal
ute
Transi
t
Yie
ld (
ton
s/A
)
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
BONNERS FERRY SPRING BARLEYFeed Malt Food
CV = 5.0, LSD = 0.2
NEW SPRING BARLEY FEED VARIETIES• Oreanna (BZ509-448)
• Highland Specialty Grain• Well adapted to northern Idaho (top 3-year ave. at Bonners Ferry)• High tillering variety• Resistance to barley stripe rust• Shorter than Champion
• Claymore (BZ509-216)• Highland Specialty Grain• High yield potential (#1 in north Idaho in 2015)• Fewer tillers than Champion• Taller, but very good straw strength
NEW SPRING BARLEY VARIETIES
• Kardia (2Ab09-X06F084-51) – food barley (USDA)• 2-row, hulled• High β-glucan (> Salute)• Good yield potential in north Idaho (1,580 lb/A higher than
Salute at Bonners Ferry in 2016, 2-year ave 1,050 bu/A higher)
• Havener (09WA-265.5) – food barley (WSU)• 2-row, hull-less• High β-glucan
Char
les
Win
tmal
t
Endea
vor
Sunst
ar P
ride
Alb
a
LCS S
aturn
Strid
er
Ver
dant
Eig
ht-Tw
elve
Maj
a
Buck
Yie
ld (
ton
s/A
)
0
1
2
3
4
BONNERS FERRY WINTER BARLEY2-row 6-row
CV = 15.0, LSD = 0.6
NORTH IDAHO CHICKPEA
Variety Yield (lb/A)100 Seed
Weight (g)BillyBeans 2884 27.8CDC Orion 2739 40.2CDC Frontier 2713 34.7Sawyer 2710 40.9Nash 2647 56.8Bronic 2642 34.6Sierra 2333 46.2
CV = 11.9, LSD = 252
Chickpea Sizing
Bill
yBea
ns
Bro
nic
CDC F
rontie
r
CDC O
rion
Nas
h
Sawye
r
Sierra
CA07
90B00
34C
CA07
90B00
43C
CA07
90B05
47C
CA08
90B04
29C
CA08
90B05
31C
Rati
o o
f S
ize C
ate
go
ry
0
20
40
60
80
100>25/64" (10 mm)
>22/64" (9 mm)
>20/64" (8 mm)
<20/64"
CHICKPEA SIZING
NORTH IDAHO SPRING PEA
Variety Yield (lb/A)100 Seed
Weight (g)Erect Index
(0-10)Hampton 3023 22.1 0.58Ginny 2431 20.7 0.80Greenwood 2418 20.1 0.83Aragorn 2043 21.6 0.85Ariel 2032 18.7 0.78Banner 1900 20.3 0.76Columbian 1897 18.0 0.29
CV = 21.4, LSD = 403
Website:www.uidaho.edu/extension/cereals/north/variety-trials
FALLING NUMBERS
WHAT ARE FALLING NUMBERS?
• A measurement of flour quality• Indirect measurement of alpha-amylase activity• Process where starch in flour is gelatinized by rapid heating in
boiling water bath• Measurement is the time in seconds for a plunger to fall
through the gelatinized starch mixture• 300 seconds is the standard
MEASURING FALLING NUMBERS?
Perten Instruments
FALLING NUMBERS• Pre-harvest sprout
• Germination initiates prior to harvest
• Wet conditions at harvest
• Increased hydrolytic enzyme activity
• Soft white varieties more susceptible
• Late maturity alpha-amylase (LMA)
• Large temperature increase or decrease
• 26 to 30 days after pollen shed
• Both soft white and hard wheat affected
CIMMYT
VARIABILITY IN FALLING NUMBERS•Micro-environment differences within a field
•Sampling error in collecting small grain sample (truck or bin)
•Variability in the testing procedure
2016 GRAIN SAMPLES (BONNERS FERRY)Variety FN Variety FNWB-456 428 LCS Artdeco 367WB1376CLP 428 Bruneau 364Coda 427 Madsen 362Norwest Duet 404 WB-528 361UI Castle CL+ 400 UI Sparrow 359LCS Drive 391 WB-1604 356UI-WSU Huffman 390 WB-Junction 333SY 107 387 Stephens 326
WB-1529 378 UI Palouse CL+ 312
Puma 377 Jasper 304Bobtail 368 Brundage 96 299UI Magic CL+ 367 SY Ovation 266
Variety FNWhetstone 445LCS Colonia 381LCS Jet 379UI Silver 374WB-Arrowhead 368Keldin 354Norwest 553 307
2016 GRAIN SAMPLES (NEZPERCE)
2016 NORTH IDAHO GRAIN SAMPLES
Variety FN Variety FNWB-Junction 290 SY Ovation 280Coda 282 UI Palouse CL+ 264Norwest Duet 199UI Palouse CL+ 197 Norwest 553 264Brundage 96 175Bruneau 166UI Magic CL+ 153
Lewiston GeneseeVariety FNJasper 312WB-1604 302Brundage 96 298SY Ovation 202
Norwest 553 259
Moscow
No low FN at Nezperce
FUTURE OF FALLING NUMBERS
• Upcoming ‘Falling Numbers Summit’• Collaborative research effort
• USDA-ARS• Washington State University• University of Idaho• Oregon State University
• http://steberlab.org/project7599.php
STRIPE RUST Favored by cool, wet weather
In 2015-16, disease levels were usually moderate in northern Idaho with some fields containing susceptible varieties experiencing high pressure
Photos courtesy of WSU
2017 STRIPE RUST FORECAST• Dr. Xianming Chen, USDA-ARS, Pullman
• Model to forecast stripe rust based on winter temperatures
• Low disease severity
• Highly susceptible varieties – 6% yield loss
• Model does not account for snow cover
• Will have better estimation once wheat breaks dormancy
• Updated forecast expected in March
Cooperator:• Tim Dillin
Schroeder lab:• David White• Cole Senefsky• Drew Leggett• Justin Pickard• Jocelyn Bowser• Cody Wilmore• Aspen Welker• Brooklyn Collins
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Farm crew & extension:• Roy Patten• Brad Bull• Doug Finkelnburg• Ken Hart• Kathleen Painter
Falling numbers:• Andrew Ross, OSU
