VARIETIES OF ENGLISH

TYPES OF VARIATION

REGION

MEDIUM

ATTITUDE

SOCIAL GROUP

FIELD OF DISCOURSE

They live in a region or have once lived

in that region

Varieties related to the language use: people

select the varieties according to the situation

and purpose of the communication

Activity that people are engaged

Depends on the proximity of the participants in

the communication

Language is conditioned by the relationship

of the participants in the particular

situation

Affiliation with a social group

Varieties according to the language

user and according with the situation

REGION VARIETY

dialects

Geographical dispersion

We regard them as different language

SOCIAL VARIATION

Education Socioeconomic

group

Ethnic group

Age and sex Educated English

uneducated

Standard English

nonstandard

STANDARD ENGLISH SocialPolitical

Degree of acceptance of a single standard of

English throughout the world

spellingpronunciation grammar vocabulary

NATIONAL STANDARDS OF

ENGLISH

British English (BrE)

American English (AmE)

•Differences:•Vocabulary•Grammar•orthography

Prestige

Older school and university of

England

Associated with

OTHER NATIONAL STANDARS

Scots English

Irish English

Canadian English

Australian English

New Zealand English

South Africa

Great Britain Dialects

Varieties

Field of discourse

Medium Attitude

Type of activity engaged in

though language

Law, cookery, engineering,

football

Lexical item

spoken written

Used a lot expressions and

signs to be understood

Are used many devices to

transmit the language

Stress, rhythm, intonation, tempo

Depends on our attitude to the

hearer(reader), to the topic, to the purpose of our communication

formal informal