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StChPrN
Pre
wit
tratehemrepaeigh
pared for
hin the EU
egy foical Arednbour
r DG ECHO
U Civil Pro
or CaAccidness rhoo
O to Supp
otection M
apacdent Progod Co
port Capac
Mechanism
ity B Prevgramountr
city Buildi
m
Buildiventimesries
ng for Sev
LorZsuzsanna
ng oion a in E
veso Dire
renzo VAN Wa GYENES an
on and U
ctive Imp
WIJK, Maureed Ana Lisa V
plementat
2
E U R
en Heraty WETERE ARELL
tion
2 0 1 5
2 7 7 0 5
OOD, LANO
This publication is a Technical report by the Joint Research Centre, the European Commission’s in-house science service. It aims to provide evidence-based scientific support to the European policy-making process. The scientific output expressed does not imply a policy position of the European Commission. Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. JRC Science Hub https://ec.europa.eu/jrc JRC99979 EUR 27705 EN ISBN 978-92-79-54591-7 (PDF) ISBN 978-92-79-54590-0 (print) ISSN 1831-9424 (online) ISSN 1018-5593 (print) doi:10.2788/017672 (online) © European Union, 2015 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. All images © European Union 2015, except: cover photo (Lorenzo van Wijk) How to cite: Van Wijk, L., M. H. Wood, Z. Gyenes, and A. L. Vetere Arellano. 2015. Strategy for Capacity Building on Chemical AccidentPrevention and Preparedness Programmes in EU Neighbourhood Countries. Joint Research Centre. Ispra, Italy. EUR 27705 EN.
Abstract: The European Union established the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in 2004 to promote an area of peace, stability andprosperity in its immediate neighbourhood with the Countries to the East (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova andUkraine) and to the South (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestinian Authority, Syria, and Tunisia). It aimsat developing tighter and more beneficial relations between the EU and her neighbours in political, economic and culturaldomains, and in particular on security matters, as well as extending and enhancing current existing cooperation frameworks inorder to reduce the likelihood of any new divide appearing. The strengthening of the safety and security with the EUNeighbourhood Countries, also from an economical and resources sharing angle, is identified as a great strategic priority by theEuropean Commission and the EU and is an issue that has acquired a more relevant importance following the latest developmentsin some of these countries. One particular area of shared concern is the control of chemical accident risks. The Seveso Directivehas existed as legislation in the European Union since 1982 and holds a long history of regulatory responses aimed at controllingsites where dangerous substances are processed and stored and where accidents may result in fatalities and serious injury topeople or damage to the environment. As such, there is considerable logic in accelerating implementation of a Seveso approachin Neighbourhood Countries to continue the momentum towards Seveso becoming a standard approach to chemical accidentprevention and preparedness worldwide. For this reason, the Civil Protection Mechanism 2014-2020 (Decision No. 1313/2013 ofthe European Parliament), managed under DG-ECHO, introduced a new initiative, Seveso Capacity Building in EU NeighbourhoodCountries strategy to collaborate with its neighbours on strengthening chemical accident prevention and preparednessprogrammes. The Joint Research Centre’s Major Accident Hazard Bureau is leading the implementation of this initiative on behalfof DG-ECHO. The JRC therefore has analysed its own experience in capacity building, conducted research and sought expertfeedback to produce this strategy document for the initiative. This report presents the final strategy that is the outcome of thisprocess.
ST RA T E G Y
PR E P AR E D
TABLE
Executiv
Proj
Outcom
A ca
Con
1 Intr
1.1
1.1
1.2
2 Out
2.1
2.2
2.3
Y F O R CAP A
DN E SS PR O G R
E OF CON
ve Summary
ject backgro
mes from the
apacity build
nclusions and
roduction an
background
Goals, obje
1.1.1 Acce
1.1.2 Train
Overview o
1.2.1 A sys
1.2.2 Estab
1.2.3 A ba
1.2.4 Train
1.2.5 Ong
tcomes from
Description
Description
Outcomes
2.3.1 Abou
2.3.2 Abou
2.3.3 Abou
2.3.4 Abou
2.3.5 Abou
A C I TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EU
NTENTS
y ..................
und, purpose
e expert wor
ding model ....
d recommend
nd report pu
d, purpose a
ectives and st
ess to inform
ning worksho
of the implem
stematic stru
blishing a rea
sic set of the
ning modules
oing develop
m the expert
n of the work
n of worksho
from the bra
ut the needs
ut the resour
ut the player
ut sharing ex
ut improving
IN G ON CH
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urpose .........
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ation, tools a
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mentation me
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alistic and co
ematic units
s for capacity
pment and im
t workshop .
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rces ..................
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xperiences .....
g the approac
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
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gy .....................
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of the initiati
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and knowled
vidualised su
ethodology ..
eptual appro
omprehensive
for capacity
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ts and partic
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ntries ................
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ch .....................
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N T R I E S
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ive ...................
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dge ...................
pport .............
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oach ................
e country pro
building unit
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t of capacity
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ipant organi
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ts .....................
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building too
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sations ..........
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ls .....................
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.........................
PA G E i O F 5
.................. 1
...................... 2
.................. 6
...................... 8
.................... 11
................15
.................... 17
.................... 19
.................... 21
.................... 23
.................... 23
.................... 27
.................... 27
.................... 27
.................... 32
.................... 34
................41
.................... 41
.................... 46
.................... 53
.................... 54
.................... 56
.................... 58
.................... 61
.................... 64
1
2
6
8
1
5
7
9
1
3
3
7
7
7
2
4
1
1
6
3
4
6
8
1
4
PA GE i i O F 6
2.4 Re
3 A Coun
3.1 Pr
3.2 Ha
3.3 M
3.4 In
3.5 Pr
3.6 M
3.7 Ha
3.8 Lis
3.9 Ap
4 Conclu
A Countr
A.1 A
A.2 A
A.3 A
A.4 B
A.5 E
A.6 G
A.7 I
A.8 J
A.9 L
A.10 M
A.11 M
A.12 P
A.13 T
A.14 U
B Curren
C Bibliog
6 SP
ecommended
ntry Capacit
roposal for a
aving the ne
aintaining a
tegrating pe
roviding the
aintaining th
aving a legal
sting all the p
pplication of
usions and r
ry profile re
Algeria ...........
Armenia ........
Azerbaijan ....
Belarus ...........
Egypt ..............
Georgia .........
Israel ...............
Jordan ............
Lebanon ........
Moldova .......
Morocco .......
Palestinian A
Tunisia ...........
Ukraine ..........
nt and past c
graphy and
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
d options for
ty Building M
capacity bui
cessary resou
relationship
eople and pro
operational i
he delivery p
framework
processes .....
the CB hiera
ecommenda
eport ............
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
Authority ........
..........................
..........................
capacity bui
other sourc
R CAP A C IT Y BS PR OG RA M M
r considerati
Model .........
ilding hierarc
urces availab
with stakeho
ocesses ..........
implementat
rocess ............
in place com
..........................
archical proce
ations ..........
....................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
ilding activit
es of inform
BU I L D I N G O N
MES IN EU N EI
on ....................
....................
chical proces
ble .....................
olders .............
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tion environm
..........................
mpliant with in
..........................
ess model w
....................
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ties in EU Ne
mation .........
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
.........................
....................
ss model ........
.........................
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ment ...............
.........................
nternational
.........................
ithin the proj
....................
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.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
eighbourho
....................
C CI D EN T PRE V
OD CO U NT R I E S
.........................
....................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
law .................
.........................
oject .................
....................
....................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
ood Countrie
....................
V E N T I ON A N D
S
.........................
....................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
....................
....................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
es .................
....................
............. 70
.......... 79
............. 81
............. 83
............. 84
............. 85
............. 86
............. 87
............. 88
............. 91
............. 95
.......... 97
........ 103
........... 104
........... 109
........... 113
........... 116
........... 118
........... 120
........... 122
........... 125
........... 128
........... 132
........... 135
........... 139
........... 142
........... 145
........ 149
........ 156
ST RA T E G Y
PR E P AR E D
Y F O R CAP A
DN E SS PR OG R
A C I TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EUIN G ON CH
U NE IGH BO U R
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S E N T I O N A N DD
PPA GE i i i O F 7
PA GE iv O F 8
LIST OF
Table 2.1 O
Table 2.2 P
Table 2.3 Fe
Table 2.4 Fe
Table 2.5 Fe
Table 2.6 Fe
Table 2.7 Fe
8 SP
TABLES
Outline of the
articipants in
eedback pro
eedback pro
eedback pro
eedback on
eedback pro
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
e workshop a
n the expert w
vided by the
vided by the
vided by the
resources an
vided by the
R CAP A C IT Y BS PR OG RA M M
agenda ...........
workshop .....
e experts abo
e experts abo
e experts abo
nd lessons lea
e experts on i
BU I L D I N G O N
MES IN EU NEI
..........................
..........................
out potential
out resources
out the playe
arned from e
implementin
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
.........................
.........................
needs of Ne
s needed for
rs .....................
experience ....
ng the metho
C CI D EN T PRE V
OD CO U NT R I E S
.........................
.........................
eighbourhoo
effective imp
.........................
.........................
odology .........
V E N T I ON A N D
S
.........................
.........................
d Countries .
plementation
.........................
.........................
.........................
............. 43
............. 47
............. 54
n ........... 56
............. 59
............. 61
............. 64
ST RA T E G Y
PR E P AR E D
LIST O
Figure 1.
Europea
Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Figure 1
.................
Figure 1
preventio
Figure 1
preventio
Figure 3.
Figure 3
structure
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Y F O R CAP A
DN E SS PR OG R
OF FIGURE
.1 The sixtee
n Neighbour
.2 A standar
.3 Sample co
.4 Example
.........................
1.5 Example
on ....................
1.6 Examp
on.. ..................
.1 A concept
.2 A mind-m
e ........................
.3 A draft m
.4 A mind-m
.5 A draft m
.6 A draft m
.7 A draft m
.8 A draft m
.9 A propose
A C I TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EU
ES
en Partner Co
rhood Policy
rd process cy
omponents f
(Country 1):
..........................
(Country 2)
..........................
le (Country
..........................
tual hierarch
map to captu
..........................
ind-map hig
map highlight
ind-map hig
ind-map hig
ind-map hig
ind-map hig
ed mindmap
IN G ON CH
U NE IGH BO U R
ountries in Ea
.........................
ycle ...................
for selected t
Limited co
..........................
: Moderate
..........................
3): Mode
..........................
ical process
ure the elem
..........................
hlighting the
ting the Cust
hlighting the
hlighting the
hlighting the
hlighting the
p of elements
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
ast Europe a
..........................
..........................
thematic unit
mpetency an
..........................
competency
..........................
erate compe
..........................
model ............
ents emerge
..........................
e Business pr
tomer proces
e Integration
e Operationa
e Delivery pr
e Regulatory
s suggested b
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S
nd the south
.........................
.........................
ts .....................
nd experienc
.........................
y but limited
.........................
etency and
.........................
.........................
ed during the
.........................
rocess ............
ss .....................
n process .......
al process .....
ocess .............
process .......
by experts an
E N T I O N A N D
hern Mediter
.........................
.........................
.........................
ce with chem
.........................
d experience
.........................
experience
.........................
.........................
e brainstorm
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
nd the JRC-M
D
ranean fallin
.........................
.........................
.........................
mical acciden
.........................
e with chem
.........................
with chemic
.........................
.........................
ming under th
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
.........................
MAHB metho
PA G E v O F 9
ng under the
.................... 15
.................... 21
.................... 28
t prevention
.................... 32
ical accident
.................... 32
cal accident
.................... 32
.................... 81
he BCIOD+R
.................... 83
.................... 84
.................... 85
.................... 86
.................... 87
.................... 88
.................... 89
odology .... 90
e
1
8
n
t
t
1
R
4
6
7
8
9
0
PA GE v i O F 1
LIST OF
Box 1 Capa
Box 2 Che
Building .......
Box 3 Chem
10 SP
BOXES
acity building
emical accide
.........................
mical acciden
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
g and Agenda
ent preventio
..........................
nt prevention
R CAP A C IT Y BS PR OG RA M M
a 21 .................
on and prep
..........................
n and prepare
BU I L D I N G O N
MES IN EU NEI
..........................
paredness pr
..........................
edness prog
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
.........................
rogrammes
.........................
rammes type
C CI D EN T PRE V
OD CO U NT R I E S
.........................
- training m
.........................
es of capacity
V E N T I ON A N D
S
.........................
modules for
.........................
y building to
............. 25
Capacity
............. 34
ools ...... 36
ST RA T E G Y
PR E P AR E D
ACRO
Y F O R CAP A
DN E SS PR OG R
NYMS AN
A
C
DG DEEUROP
DG E
DG
DG
M
O
PPRD
T
UN
U
A C I TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EU
ND ABBRE
APELL Awa
CAPP Che
CPM Euro
EVCO PEAID
Dire
ECHO Dire
G ENV Dire
G JRC Dire
EC Euro
EEAS Euro
EIB Euro
ENP Euro
ENPI Euro
MAHB Maj
NGO Non
OECD Org
EAST EastPre
SMS Safe
TAIEX Tec
TEIA Tran
UN Uni
NCED Uni
UNDP Uni
IN G ON CH
U NE IGH BO U R
EVIATION
areness and
emical Accid
opean Unio
ectorate Ge
ectorate Ge
ectorate Ge
ectorate Ge
opean Com
opean Exter
opean Inves
opean Neig
opean Neig
jor Accident
n-Governm
ganisation E
tern Partnparedness a
ety Manage
hnical Assis
nsboundary
ted Nations
ted Nations
ted Nations
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
NS
d Preparedn
dent Preven
on Civil Prot
neral Devel
neral Huma
neral Enviro
neral Joint
mmission
rnal Action
stment Ban
ghbourhood
ghbourhood
t and Hazar
ental Organ
Economic Co
nership Flaand Respon
ement Syste
stance and I
y Effects of I
s
s Conferenc
s Developm
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S
ness for Eme
ntion and Pr
tection Mec
opment an
anitarian Aid
onment
Research Ce
Service
k
d Policy
d and Partne
rds Bureau
nization
ooperation
agship Ininse to Natur
em
Information
Industrial A
ce on Enviro
ment Program
E N T I O N A N D
ergencies at
reparedness
hanism
d Cooperat
d and Civil P
entre
ership Instr
and Develo
itiative foral and Man
n Exchange
Accidents
onment and
mme
D PA
t Local Leve
s
tion - Europ
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ument
opment
r the Prn-Made Disa
d Developm
A G E v i i O F 11
el
peAid
evention, asters
ent
PA GE v i i i O F
F 12 SP
UNEC
UN
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
CE United
EP United
R CAP A C IT Y BS PR OG RA M M
d Nations Ec
d Nations En
BU I L D I N G O N
MES IN EU NEI
conomic Co
nvironment
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
ommission f
Program
C CI D EN T PRE V
OD CO U NT R I E S
for Europe
V E N T I ON A N D
S
E X E C U T I V
ST R AT E GY
PR O G R A M
EXECU
The Euroof peaceAzerbaijaLebanonbeneficiaparticulaframewosafety anangle, isthat hascountrie
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The Seveof regulaand whewas the process on operauthoritiimpleme
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For this ParliameNeighbo
VE SU MM A RY
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M M E S I N EU N
UTIVE SUM
opean Unione, stability anan, Belarus,
n, Libya, Moroal relations bar on securorks in ordernd security w identified a
s acquired as.
ticular area og economies
alized countin many ecoities that accleum refiningof chemical a
ations of prostrategies ance constant ce of the exist
eso Directiveatory responere accidents
first compresafety gover
rators for keies to track aented outside
h, there is ourhood Coul accident pr
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I T Y BU I L D I NG
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MMARY
n establishedd prosperity Georgia, M
occo, Palestibetween the Eity matters, r to reduce
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a more relev
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e has existed ses aimed atmay result i
ehensive legirnance globaeeping their and motivatee Europe in a
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Civil Proteced under DGuntries strat
G O N CHE M I C A
O O D COU N T R
the Europein its immedoldova and nian AuthoriEU and her n
as well asthe likelihoo
Neighbourhorategic priorivant importa
ncern is the of change in ted with che
in numerouowth. Some e, mining, pa
k. To further pment and sies. In addit
tabilizing themeasures.
as legislatiot controlling n fatalities aislation of itsally. It is a p
plants safe operator pr
a growing nu
le logic in ntinue the md preparedne
ction MechaG-ECHO, inttegy , to co
A L ACC I DEN T
R IE S
an Neighboudiate neighbo
Ukraine) anty, Syria, and
neighbours ins extending od of any neod Countriesity by the Euance followi
control of cthis era cre
emical accidus cases outof the most
aint and dye complicate
substances thtion, the dyne status quo,
on in the Eurosites where
nd serious ins kind in theperformance
e, but imposogress. Num
umber of bot
acceleratingmomentum to
ess worldwid
nism 2014-2troduced a ollaborate w
PREVE NT ION
urhood Policourhood witnd to the Sd Tunisia). It n political, ec
and enhanew divide aps, also from auropean Coming the late
hemical acciates significa
dent preventstripped the common inmanufacturematters, therhat can triggamics of tim, and manda
opean Uniondangerous s
njury to peope world and ce-based meases also rigomerous versioth developed
g implemenowards Sevesde.
2020 (Decisionew initiativ
with its neig
A N D PR E P A R
cy (ENP) in 2h the Countrouth (Algeriaims at deve
conomic andncing currenppearing. Tan economicmmission andst developm
dent risks. Inant challengetion and pre
e capacity todustrial proce, and fertilizre is a wide d
ger an accideme, economy ating an ong
n since 1982 substances aple or damagcontinues tosure that pla
orous requirons of the Sed and develo
ntation of so becoming
on No. 1313ve, Seveso Cghbours on
R E D NE S S
2004 to promries to the Eaia, Egypt, Iseloping tight cultural domnt existing he strengthe
cal and resoud the EU and
ments in som
n both induses in both ineparedness manage thcesses in thezer productiodiversity of rient - that req
and human going vigilan
and holds a are processedge to the envo be a leadinaces direct rrements on eveso Directiping countri
a Seveso ag a standard
3/2013 of thCapacity Buistrengthenin
PA GE 1 O F 1
mote an areaast (Armenia,rael, Jordan,ter and moremains, and incooperation
ening of theurces sharingd is an issueme of these
trialised andndustrial andgovernance.is and other
e world, suchon, are majorisk sources –quire specificinterventionce as to the
long historyd and storedvironment. Itng model foresponsibilitygovernmentve are beinges.
approach inapproach to
he Europeanilding in EUng chemical
13
a , ,
e n n e g e e
d d . r h r –c n e
y d t r y t g
n o
n U l
PA GE 2 O F 1
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14 SP
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PA GE 3 O F 15
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16 SP
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PA GE 5 O F 17
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PA GE 6 O F 1
OUTCOM
In March 20with experietheir knowleexpert feedand implem
The goal omethodologproject. Theexperienceschemical ac
Several recofor individurecommendwhich recomcountry. EaThe projectdepends onsides to pro
1. Esta
Establish an
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Focusing oThe project country.
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18 SP
MES FROM
015 a workshence in capaedge and fieback and le
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PA GE 7 O F 19
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20 SP
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Annex A pro
Annex B outthe EU Neigh
Annex C list
year activitid that the coe with exper
firmed and wn impact in nces of soms working to
ACKGROU
atastrophic out the world
c and compleerging econoustrialized coan ever in thl dependent industries to
manufacture populations aLand-use decatly increaseing countriesy substantial
ment adminise chemical sal hazard aret rate outsidhe frequencys, in particul
d over the lasMexico (minin
fire, 2012).
EP ORT P U R P O
A CI TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EU
vides an ove
lines briefly thbourhood C
the resource
ies providedonclusions anrience. It wilwhich ones a
every counte countries wards achiev
UND, PUR
events invold. Technoloex dimensionomies, the paountries assohis era, devel
sectors, inco growing ec
of various are growing acisions often e industrial s face a partily, and concstrators in defety and reg rapidly incr
de Europe, ay with whichlar, in oil andst 3 years, fong spill, 2014
OS E S
IN G ON CH
U NE IGH BO U R
erview of som
the current aCountries.
es used and c
an importand recommenl be of great
are replaced try. Howeve
that can evving reductio
POSE AND
ving dangergical advancn to the maace of chang
ociated with oping countluding oil anconomies thabuilding maand growth ignore not accident ri
cular dilemmurrently expeveloping coulation prog
reasing. Whnecdotal ev
h such accidd gas facilitie
or example: U4), India (ref
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
me of the EU
and previous
consulted for
nt baseline fndations fromt interest to owith new co
er, it is hopeventually he
on of chemic
D STRATE
rous substances and econnagement oge in this erachemical acctries are expend gas, mininat also handlterials. Thevery often taonly industrisk potential
ma in that theosing greateountries, it isgrammes to kile scarce opidence from
dents occur es, where a
Ukraine (tankfinery fire, 20
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S
Neighbourh
capacity bu
r this report.
for shaping m each inputobserve how
oncepts. It ised that therelp all neighal accident r
GY OF TH
nces continuomic growth
of chemical aa creates sigcident preveeriencing rapng, fertilizer, le large quanse countriesakes place inial risks but l in these de presence oer numbers os a constant keep up withpen source d
m newspaperin crowded number of c
k storage fire013), Azerba
E N T I O N A N D
ood Countri
ilding activit
the future int to the initia
w plans evolvs possible thre can be lehbouring coisks.
HE INITIAT
e to occur wh patterns in accident risksnificant chalntion and pr
pid economicpesticide pr
ntities of dans are also ofn the vicinity the presencedensely pop
of hazardous of the popul
and difficulh the fast ratedata exists trs and othercity neighbo
catastrophic , 2015), the Pijan (oil tank
D PA
es profile.
ies organised
nitiative worative will be ve and what ehat the initiatessons learneuntries, and
TIVE
with alarminthe 21st cent
s. In both inlenges in boreparedness c developmeroduction anngerous subsften the samof economic
e of natural pulated zonsubstances iation to thest struggle toe at which tho measure t
r sources raiourhoods ofchemical accPhilippines (sker fire, 2013
A G E 17 O F 29
d within
k plan. It isre-evaluatedexpectationstive may noted from the
d indeed, all
g frequencytury create andustrialised
oth industrialgovernance.
ent in certainnd numerousstances such
me countriescally thrivinghazards thates. Hence,is increasing,se risks. Foro implementhe sources ofthe chemicalises concernf developingcidents haveshoe factory,3) and Egypt
s d s t e l
y a d l .
n s h s g t , , r t f l
n g e , t
PA GE 18 O F
The Seveso of regulatorand where awas the firsprocess safeon operatoauthorities timplemente
As such, tNeighbourhchemical acconsiderabl
The EU MemENPI countror the Medicountries, otransbound1999, in whflooding an
The EuropeTransboundnumerous E
Globalizatiomultinationevery ENPI standards tcommitted regulation.
More broadany place i
2 “Process sachemical accexpressly incare virtually tis a particular
30 SP
Directive hary responsesaccidents mast comprehenety2 governa
ors for keepito track and ed outside Eu
there is cohood Countrccident preve strategic m
mber States ries share resiterranean Se
often affectinary accidenthich 100,000d causing co
an Union is dary Effects oEuropean Ne
on of the Eurals are involcountry. W
to chemicalsto such stan
dly, Europeanin the world
afety” is the ncident preventlude safety ofthe same. Forr country conc
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
as existed as aimed at co
ay result in fansive legislatnce globallying their plamotivate op
urope in a gr
nsiderable ies to contin
vention and motives for ai
live next doosponsibility fea. One acci
ng livelihoodts over the p0 m3 of cyanonsiderable e
Party to the of Industrial ighbourhood
opean econolved. It can While these s managemendards in the
n companies d as long as
name commotion on sites
f dangerous trr this reason, ccern.
R CAP A C IT Y BS PR OG RA M M
legislation inontrolling siteatalities and stion of its kiny. It is a perfants safe, b
perator progrrowing numb
logic in acue the mompreparedne
iding its neig
or to each otor one or moident can des on all side
past few decanide-contameco-damage
Convention Accidents (
d Countries t
omy brings obe reasonabmultination
ent, they face face of wea
at home ares there are
only used for that process,
ransport but thcapacity buildi
BU I L D I N G O N
MES IN EU NEI
n the Europees where danserious injurynd in the woformance-baut imposes ress. Numerober of both d
ccelerating imentum towa
ss worldwidghbours in th
ther, particuore importan
estroy the usees for years tades and moinated watedownstream
of the UN Ec(TEIA) in Eurto the north
other accidenbly assumedals are usua
ce stiff comak (compare
e also at a dcountries w
the body of , handle or she nature of ting efforts som
IN T R O
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
ean Union sinngerous suby to people oorld and conased measuralso rigorou
ous versions developed an
implementatrds Seveso be. It can a
his regard.
larly on nortnt natural rese and accessto come. Thost notably, r was releas
m to the Tisza
conomic Comrope, in forcand east sinc
nts close to hd that Europeally more thpetition fromd to the EU)
isadvantage who continue
knowledge astore dangerohe risk and prmetimes inclu
OD U CT IO N A N D
C CI D EN T PRE V
OD CO U NT R I E S
nce 1982 andstances are por damage to
ntinues to bere that placeus requiremof the Seves
nd developing
tion of a Sbecoming a salso be argu
thern and Easources, suchs of this resohe EU has ex
the Baia Rived in Roma
a and Danube
mmission fore in the Eurce 1999.
home particuean multinathan willing m other ope) national ch
in competine to offer le
and practices ous substancerinciples undede transport o
D R EP O RT P U R
V E N T I ON A N D
S
d holds a lonprocessed ano the environe a leading ms direct respents on govso Directive ag countries.
Seveso appstandard appued that the
stern borderh as the Danuurce for all b
xperience witver mining dnia due to e rivers.
r Europe (UNropean Unio
ularly when Etionals are pto impose Eerators who emicals man
g for marketess regulated
established tes. The term rlying risk ma
of dangerous
R P O S E S
ng history nd stored nment. It model for ponsibility vernment are being
roach in proach to e EU has
rs, and all ube River bordering th several isaster of excessive
N ECE) on on and in
European present in European are less
nagement
t share in d market
o support does not
nagement goods if it
IN T R O DU
ST RA T E G Y
PR E P AR E D
conditiorelations
In additilegislatiowas modcolonies Seveso aProgramprogramimplemedevelopisupport
1.1 G
The initisupport programand tooltheir resenvironm
Tfk
Tnw
To
3 This docaccident terminoloincorporaunder theefforts tar
CT ION A N D R
Y F O R CAP A
DN E SS PR OG R
ns. The disaships with the
on to 28 Meon. The UN delled in larof EU coun
approach intomme, with summe, the Fenting a Seving countrieschemical acc
GOALS, OB
iative aims aand guidan
mme. The sts developed
sponsibilities ment. For th
To establish for improvinknowledge aTo give accenetwork of with the EuroTo offer traiover time, as
cument geneprevention”, f
ogy for third ating compleme name “Sevesrgeted by this
EP ORT P U R P O
A CI TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EU
advantage be European c
ember StatesECE Industriage part afte
ntries (notabo their chembstantial sup
Flexible Framveso-like prs, including ccident preven
BJECTIVES
at building snce on a birategy for ac in the EU anin preventin
is purpose, t
active partng the effectiv
and tools necess to inforEU governmopean Commning worksh
s feasible and
rally uses thefor short) rath
countries whmentary initiatso”. All the sa project.
OS E S
IN G ON CH
U NE IGH BO U R
ecomes elevcommon ma
, a number oal Accidents
er the Sevesoly Great Brit
mical accidentpport from tmework forogramme ocomprehensntion and pre
S AND STR
sustainable lateral, multchieving thisnd elsewhereng chemicalhe strategy i
erships with veness of prcessary for admation, tool
ment, industrmission on thhops and indd based on o
term “chemiher than the tehere other legtives of intername, the Seves
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
vated when trket.
of CandidateConvention,o Directive. tain and Frants preventionthe Europear Chemical or improvingive guidanceeparedness (
RATEGY
CAPP progratilateral or rs goal is intee to facilitate accidents ts around the
Neighbourhogramme imdditional prols and knowry and internhis importantdividualised objectives ag
cal accident perm “Seveso”.gislative regimnational organso Directive is
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S
these countr
Countries a targeting acMoreover,
nce), have an legislation.n Commissio
Accident Pg programme and tools f(CAPP) progr
ammes in Eregional basended to ope effective gohat can harm
e achievemen
hood Countrmplementatioogress. wledge prodnational stakt topic. advice and reed with pa
prevention an Chemical acmes are opernizations and
explicitly the
E N T I O N A N D
ries also ben
re in the proccidents withnumerous cdopted a su Most recenon, has devePrevention
mes with Sevfor building rammes.3
ENPI countrieis to countrtimize accesovernment am individualnt of these ke
ies and idenon and specif
uced by thekeholders in
support for rticipating co
nd preparedneccident prevenrative. It alsoother non-EUreference mo
D PA
efit from spe
ocess of adoph transboundountries tha
ubstantial pontly, the UN Eeloped a comand Prepar
veso-type pcapacity to i
es through ries participass to existingnd industry ls, communitey objectives
tify critical pfic gaps in te
e JRC and tlong collab
improving countries.
ess” (or CAPPntion is a moro implies an
U countries thodel for all cap
A G E 19 O F 31
ecial trading
pting Sevesodary impacts,t were once
ortion of theEnvironmentmprehensiveredness, onrovisions, inimprove and
a consistentating in theg knowledgeexecution ofties and thes:
priorities echnical
he vast boration
capacity
P or “chemicalre transparent
openness tohat do not gopacity building
g
o ,
e e t e n n d
t e e f e
l t o o g
PA GE 20 O F
Developinginterventionpriority neelegislative sa specific restarting poicountry’s oprevention a
Maintaininthe capacitbuilding its has an immaccidents hathe catalyspreparednethe cornerstand thereby
Therefore, tand interpreincludes conframeworksand make psectors becoto making tshould be starting fromthis road, experience aimplement
32 SP
g a countryns will targeeds and intetrengths), suegion. For tnt and objecwn informedand prepared
ng motivatioty building tCAPP progra
mediate situaave occurredt for the css. In develotone aroundy give shared
the first job et the answenducting a sus in place to progress, a rome drivers the region srecognized tm top to bobut seekingand collaborimportant le
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
y strategy it building nernal advantupplementedhis reason, ectives. A coud assessmendness.
on is a key toteam must amme infras
ation of concd involving thcountry streoping the co
d which systed direction an
of the capacers in a meaurvey to estaaddress themregional appfor establishelf-sufficientthat reachin
ottom, takes targeted te
rate with othssons learne
R CAP A C IT Y BS PR OG RA M M
is a bottomnational capatages (e.g.,
d by multilateeach countryuntry’s priornt of its stre
o making anidentify the tructure. A ccern, for exahe transport ngthening i
ountry’s stratematic imprond purpose t
city building aningful contablish each com and their eproach may bing regional
t and self-mog the goal oyears to achechnical super countries d from accid
BU I L D I N G O N
MES IN EU NEI
m-up exercisacity in govexperts in i
eral expert wy’s capacity bities in this rengths and
d sustaining country’s m
country that ample, a new
of dangerouits commitmtegy, therefoovements to to capacity b
team is to htext. To addountry’s profeffectivenessbecome posnetworks of
otivated towof an effectihieve. Somepport in ceras a way to s
dents elsewhe
IN T R O
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
se. In the iernment andindustry and
workshops fobuilding progregard can bweaknesses
progress. Vmotivation(s)is a serious
w refinery is us goods. T
ment to cheore, the most
the existing uilding effor
help the coudress this nefiles in regars. In a subseqssible in whicf exchange a
wards furtherive and come countries mrtain areas, stimulate innere.
OD U CT IO N A N D
C CI D EN T PRE V
OD CO U NT R I E S
initiative’s fid industry bd academia, r all Neighbogramme will
be establishein regard t
Very early in ) for seekingpartner in cabeing built hese types oemical accidt urgent neeinfrastructur
rts.
ntry ask itseeed, the first d to existingquent phase,ch certain cond capacity sr progress ovmprehensive may be alrea
or simply lnovation in th
D R EP O RT P U R
V E N T I ON A N D
S
rst phase, Ebased on a
and regulaourhood Couhave its ow
d on the basto chemical
each countryg support iapacity buildor numerou
of situations dent preventds often canre can be un
lf the right qyear of the
(known) haz, as countrieountries andsupport withver the longCAPP progr
ady well-advaooking to eheir program
R P O S E S
EU expert country’s
atory and untries or
wn unique sis of the accident
y project, n further ing often
us serious often are tion and
n become ndertaken
questions initiative
zards, the s engage
d industry h the view -term. It ramme, if anced on exchange
mmes and
IN T R O DU
ST RA T E G Y
PR E P AR E D
As showstakeholassociaterelevant awarenebuilding be less targetedparties cawarene
1.1.1 A
The JRC years to knowledJRC and Accessiocloser copreventio
CT ION A N D R
Y F O R CAP A
DN E SS PR OG R
wn in Figure ders establised barriers t
governmeness and inter
and improvrepresentati
d to build awcould alreadyess and know
ACCESS TO
has worked disseminategebase on ia number o
on Countries o-operation on and prep
EP ORT P U R P O
A CI TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EU
1.2 a typicalshing a set oo and opport ministries
rest in workivement incluon outside
wareness). Ty initiate in t
wledge to sup
O INFORMA
together wite good practndustrial riskof Member Sin building
among interparedness un
OS E S
IN G ON CH
U NE IGH BO U R
Figure 1.2
l country proof agreed objrtunities for with repres
ng on chemdes bringinggovernmenthe results whe project. T
pport decisio
ATION, TO
th DG-ENV, Mice for chemk assessmentStates have capacity to
rnational orgnder the um
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
A standard
oject might jectives, incluaddressing t
sentatives ofmical hazard g awareness t in the first
will be used tTraining wor
on-making.
OOLS AND
Member Statmical accident
t and lessonplayed compimplement S
ganisations wbrella of the
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S
process cyc
start with anuding analysthem. The sf those induissues (sinceto the wide
t stage - anto define a srkshops wou
KNOWLED
te competent preventions learned froplimentary roSeveso effecwith mandatee Inter-Agenc
E N T I O N A N D
le
n introductiois of potenti
stakeholders ustries who e part of ther community
n objective ostrategy and ld accompan
DGE
t authorities and to build
om accidentsoles in assisttively. Morees associatedcy Coordinat
D PA
on to the proal chemical hat this stagehave already
e process of y of interestsof the projepriority acti
ny the projec
and industryd an extensivs. Since earlting Candidaeover, the emd with chemtion Group f
A G E 21 O F 33
ogramme tohazards, ande tend to bey significantprogramme
s, there mayect could beons that thect to provide
y for over 30ve Europeany 2000 bothate and Pre-mergence ofical accidentfor Chemical
o d e t e y e e e
0 n h -f t l
PA GE 22 O F
and Industrsupport theneighbourh
This experieand experie
Theto awith
Memwelof h
Inteaspandsust
The initiativrelated supENLARG anpolicy progknowledge elements oflearned, etc
4 The GroupOrganisationthe United Nworked togeTransbounda2007 in buildthat are expeThe Group contributing Health OrganAffairs (UNEP
34 SP
rial Accidente Commissionood countrie
ence suggestence to influe
e Commissiona wide rangeh experience mber States l as a wealth
highly diverseernational orects of chem
d credibility tainable prog
ve would alsoport to the d DG-DEVCO
gramme arein the regio
f the progra.) from EU M
p includes so for Economic
Nations Economether with UNary Conventionding the Flexiberiencing rapialso offers substantial su
nisation, the JP-OCHA JEU),
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
ts4, providesn’s initiative es.
ts a team appence strategy
n brings a br of informatiin applying and industry
h of practicale chemical hrganisations
mical accidenin developi
gress in envir
o rely on knoENPI countr
O and potenas that are
ons. Variousamme (e.g., T
Member State
me of the Cc Cooperationmic CommissiNECE to provn on Industriable Frameworkd industrializamore opportupport to cheoint Environmand the Organ
R CAP A C IT Y BS PR OG RA M M
s additional to promote
proach to thy and training
road perspecion and specthis knowledy experts bri experience azard sites. have dedic
nt preventionng countriesronmental m
owledge andries. In parntially other r
vital to ths other EU sTwinning proes can be targ
Commission’s and Developon for Europe
vide advice al Accidents sink, a programmation and neetunity for Euemical accidenmental Unit of nisation for th
BU I L D I N G O N
MES IN EU NEI
tools, mateimprovemen
e project thag.
ctive on diffecific core comdge to a varieng some simin applying t
ated progran and prepars in targetin
management
d networks orticular, advirelevant poli
he creation support instrojects, wheregeted to mee
long time inment (OECD),
e (UNECE). Thnd technical
nce its inceptiomed aimed at d support to
uropean Comnt prevention,
UNEP and the Prohibition
IN T R O
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
erials and opnt in chemica
at allows a va
erent implemmpetences foety of nation
milar and somthe science o
ammes and redness as wng their serand disaster
of other policce and praccy DGs is esand sustain
ruments coue knowledgeet needs in E
nternational p the United N
he European Csupport to c
on. They havefast-growing address the i
mmission collapreparednes
e UN Office fof Chemical W
OD U CT IO N A N D
C CI D EN T PRE V
OD CO U NT R I E S
pportunities al accident p
aried combin
mentation apor chemical ral and local s
me different of prevention
tools to suwell as substarvices to achr risk reductio
cy DGs provictical supporsential to de
nability of euld also be ee transfer (gENPI countrie
partners in thNations EnvironCommission ancountries on e also worked economies anncreased risksaboration wits and responsfor the CoordiWeapons (OPC
D R EP O RT P U R
V E N T I ON A N D
S
for collaboprevention in
nation of com
proaches, acrisk managemsettings. competencen on a multit
pport imporantial experiehieve long ton.
ding variousrt from DG-Eeveloping linexpert resouemployed toood practicees).
his field, inclunment Progrand Member Simplementatioclosely with U
nd developings of chemical th other orgse, including tination of Hum
CW).
R P O S E S
ration to n the EU’s
mpetence
ccess ment
es, as tude
rtant ence term
s types of ENV, DG-ks across rces and
o support e, lessons
uding the mme, and tates have on of the
UNEP since g countries
accidents. ganisations the World manitarian
IN T R O DU
ST RA T E G Y
PR E P AR E D
1.1.2 T
Capacityaddress essentialintroducfacilitatin
EffectiveassumesFlexible the elemwhich onspecific a
Uca
TEir
Ri(e
Tuicmmt
1.2 O
Over thebuilding reductioUnited Nprinciple
CT ION A N D R
Y F O R CAP A
DN E SS PR OG R
TRAINING
y building reqthe individu
lly a collectiocing and appng expert exc
e capacity bus considerabFramework”)
ments of the pnes are selecattention in d
Understandichemical accand why cheThe institutEstablishing/influences orequirementsRisk assessmidentifying t(severity/freqenforcing anTechnical aurgent needindustry safechemical hazmitigation mmanagementhat looks bo
OVERVIEW
e last few dein a variet
n that are cloNations Confes of capacit
EP ORT P U R P O
A CI TY BU I L D
RA M M E S IN EU
WORKSHO
quires a flexual needs oon of serviceplying data changes, and
ilding also isle flexibility ). In practiceprogramme, cted to start developing c
ing the natcident and coemical accidetional frame/ reinforcing of interfacins, may also nment of hahe factors coquency). Thed implement
and practicad in many coety managerzard sites a
measures. St deficiencie
oth at technic
W OF THE I
cades, the iny of fields, osely relatedference on Ey building th
OS E S
IN G ON CH
U NE IGH BO U R
OPS AND I
ible approacf each counes, typically icollection an
d strategic co
s based on a in how to
e, this factorand can proand, to a la
countries are
ture of a chollecting andents are occuework for m
enabling leng legislationeed to be adazardous cheontributing te ability to idting almost e
al training fountries is ors and govend how to uch program
es on sites, wcal measures
IMPLEMEN
nternational cin particula
d to chemicalEnvironment hat are still
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
INDIVIDUA
ch and so a ntry and proincluding trand analyticaonsultations
systematic smake the c
r suggests thovide supporrge extent, h:
hemical accd analysing acrring in the c
monitoring aegislation andon, such addressed. emical sitesto higher ordentify chemevery elemenfor implemeoften to estarnment insprecognize a
mmes may bwith a view ts and safety
NTATION
community hr the fields accident preand Developapplied toda
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S
ALISED SUP
broad and domote a susaining worksl tools, onlinon specific p
structured cooncept work
hat the capacrt for each, bhow they are
cident. Apccident inforcountry.
and enforcind associatedas chemical
s. Recognizr lower risk,
mical hazardsnt of a CAPP enting key ablish sustai
pectors on sand implemebegin with tto eventuallymanagemen
METHOD
has obtainedof environm
evention. Aspment (UNCay [1]. Whil
E N T I O N A N D
PPORT
diverse rangestainable apphops on diffne access toprogramme a
onceptual apk for each ccity buildingut the count
e delivered.
plying a comrmation to un
ng chemical d regulatory l identificat
zing which sand estimati
s and assess programmeprogrammenable traininafety manag
ent appropriatraining to ay moving tot systems.
OLOGY
d considerabmental protes noted in Bo
CED) of 1992e there can
D PA
e of tools is proach. Theferent elemeo tools and aspects.
proach (e.g. country (e.g. team has p
try’s situationAreas that o
mmon definnderstanding
risk managrequirement
tion and la
sites are hazing the levelrisks is essen. e componenng programmgement systeate preventi
address basicowards an ap
le experienceection and
ox 1, Agenda specifically be substant
A G E 23 O F 35
necessary toe toolbox isnts, projectsinformation,
Seveso), but. the “UNEP
pre-identifiedn determinesoften require
ition of g where
gement. ts. The abelling
zardous, l of risk ntial for
nts. An mes for ems for on and c safety pproach
e in capacitydisaster risk 21 from theoutlined thetial technical
o s s ,
t P d s e
y k e e l
PA GE 24 O F
differences, the topic als
The UN Devwhich is the
12345
The UNDP ownership, importance those in theothers, netwthat can lea
Most recenrelevant direas follows:
This initiativmain centreto provide aJRC’s experneed in devtools to undand industrobstacle to
36 SP
a number oso suggested
Identifyin Being clea Using a w Target the Making th Institution
velopment Pe term UNDP
1. Engage st2. Assess ca3. Formulate4. Implemen5. Evaluate c
process recnecessitatinof leveragin
e line of respworks that sd to sustaina
tly, the Sendection for th
Priority 1: Priority 2: Priority 3: Priority 4:
in recove
ve proposes e of technicaassistance anience of mor
veloping couderstand, priry. The chaprogress in
ST RA T E G Y FO R
PR E P A R E DN E S
of common pd that these p
g needs andar about the
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D R EP O RT P U R
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In focusinfrastruby the influencegeneric progressaddress on findinliberalizaterm sucCapacitythat can political made ha
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“The abilitycapacity of “Specificallyorganisatio“A fundamequestions ron an undethe countrycountries.”
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ll objectives oational and rent …”
OS E S
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an option foing the counreduce chem
hemical acce on the topi
ress in termrisks, the aponal communs within thewages and ced. This initiainitiative, thi
hieve some mate obstaclesthe evolutio
o identify prange in the lo effectivenes
Box 1 Capa
agreed at the(Brazil) in 199al mechanism
to follow sustad its institutionbuilding en
nal and resourcapacity buildcy choices anenvironmenta
As a result,
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on of politicactical opporonger term. ss of disaste
city building
e United Natio92. It remainss and internat
ainable develons as well as bcompasses trce capabilitiesding is to enhad modes of iml potentials an
the need to
us capacity buegional and re
C I D E N T PREV
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stream line scal accident ore efficientl
in governm
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nd that thereaws) that brses these limgests that ca
successes in r achievemeal, social antunities, whilDG-ECHO si
er risk reduc
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opment paths by its ecologicathe country’ss.” ance the abilitmplementationnd limits and oo strengthen
uilding in this egional capac
E N T I O N A N D
taff of numerisk would
y and effecti
ment and in
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miting factorsapacity buildthe short tent. Indeed,
nd cultural ale at the samimilarly has etion for all
a 21
ce on Environlueprint for s
ation for capac
is determinedal and geogras human, s
ty to evaluaten among deveof needs as pe
national cap
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in some coattitudes and
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nment and Deustainable decity building’,
d to a large exphical conditi
scientific, tec
e and address elopment opterceived by thepacities is sha
area are to depabilities for
A G E 25 O F 37
isations withationalisationover, a
onducive to
a technicalers producedy building isbarriers of a
w the rate ofe part cannotshould focusy encourage
ountries longd structures.blish a visionn supportingluding man-
evelopment velopment. notes that:
xtent by the ons.”
chnological,
the crucial ions, based e people of ared by all
evelop and sustainable
h n
o
l d s a f t s e g .
n g -
PA GE 26 O F
There are a Namari et aof comprehgovernancerisk reductioways of incbuilding progaps of caimportant vfor capacitycapacity assexperience. to be clarirecommendand long te
Taking on binitiative inc
38 SP
number of ol. [5] recomm
hensive disase (i.e., municion responsibcreasing comoviders, and pacity build
variables for y building isessment, mo They note tfied concret
ding a more rm needs.
board this cocorporate the
A systemaaccident pmaterials. A mechancountry prstrengths preparedneA range oconceptuafocus on spmonitoringtools, facilitOngoing da combinaexisting knad hoc conIndividual collaborationeeds and time and re
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other ideas fomend that legster managepal, governo
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atic structurprevention a
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esources ava
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OS E S
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A G E 27 O F 39
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PA GE 28 O F
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Capacity buDirective) amotivation prevention one-time evmultiple yeaaudience. Tprocess for of thematic a decade to
The compomany yearsimplementacollection collaboratiodynamic prorequired to emergence
40 SP
circumstances shown Figaccount of t
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ce in capacimatic units n the ENPI pbuilding prio
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ity building likely to becprogramme. orities by dethematic uning of its mai
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A G E 29 O F 41
possible toone or moreroutinely areparagraphs.
ptual model,ting point ofng blocks of
asking cident to the
efforts. hs and tifying
ystems
ematic cilities
dentify enting builds
dustry, hazard
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The on the a risk spects uation, rea of tivities uding,
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PA GE 30 O F
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42 SP
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BU I L D I N G O N
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s should be
oduced traon in Englis
ayers and aco the successn Table 2.5.
OU T C OM
CH E M I CA L AC
I G H B O U RH O O
considered
ining matersh, Russian
ctors who has of the prog
M ES FR OM T H E
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1 2
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ve different gram. The f
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2 3 4
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stake but ovided by
OU T C O M
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Table 2.5 F
mments / o
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nisation sucNECE, UNEPes.
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ocal experersities and
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rsity studenare the ne
rts from research c
the countme should ject.
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It is imporintended tcountry ebuilding pl
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72 SP
Comm
f the topican also help
ccess reque different
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hat is achieite and regbe focussinof what th
e and respelying problth well qualaces and th
d the cultung why untile of industry
est Conflicthey will get ost Time Injhave lots tfety manag
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UNECE workshoCountrieimplem
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ABOUT SH
ation and pt roles and rl experiencezed and pres
Tab
Com
has severaops and impes that can entation sta
ECD has entation toe useful for
es of hownce and adop include:
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mments / o
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people who responsibilitie and uniqusented in Tab
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atus of Neig
produced opics from r specific tra
w industry vice should
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KS H O P
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observation
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XPERIENCES
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dback on reso
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numerousworkshops
aining and s
can contrd be collect
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E M I CA L AC C
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ns / feedba
stitutional beparedness
S
involved inent organisat advice. T
ources and le
ns / feedba
bsite from s in the Easthe current
d Countries
s publicatis and specsupport effo
ribute valuted. Examp
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nce of mult
C I D E N T PREV
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ack
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n chemical ational levels he feedback
essons learne
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ons on scial projectorts.
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to plant in
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1
lved in ntually
accident preare able to
k provided
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chnical urhood rective
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D PA
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evention proshare differby the part
erience
Thematic
2 3 4
A G E 61 O F 73
c Unit
4 5 6
ograms withent kinds ofticipants are
c Unit
4 5 6
h f e
PA GE 62 O F
very The
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The startinbe develomeantime,way. The fliving with the risks bycatastrophof hazardappropriat
Build on wstarting wbetter to iwho are cowhich makas the basi
Basics firscompetentWithout thdeterioratiturnaround
74 SP
Comm
y importante UNECE red ports; odern indusest” with its
ws culture: d give goowill reveal nout hazardc element ard and risk
ng point: It tped, put in plants willfirst step is what you h
y practical, ic situations, failures,
te to have m
what you havith a seriesdentify theompetent ake a significs for future
st: Get tht people, pehem, there ing badly ads. There
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ments / obs
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stry in Azernew offsho
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k at all levels
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is no poin
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e it is temp audits andwhich are
and the engbution. Mai
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/ feedback
e tricky but g Ukrainian
trying to bons.
viduals aren of hazardppreciatede right thin be that it
for a regulato show ren a potentiangerous ps a very rapdentificationn of the keyexposures.
ation of regu
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OU T C OM
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M ES FR OM T H E
C C I D EN T PRE V
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T
1 2
nals
the
e to tion king The talk
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ajor zard
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2 3 4
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manage
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resourcesey can be
e have deve to start nced and should beed and upd
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of the ditheir appr
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ack
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D PA
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A G E 63 O F 75
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Incentives but cannomanageme
Regarding in the projnot the esteach counta challengthe country
In many conot a fire, defining habout how
Terminologis not cons
Interventiowidespreadmeans thamotivationmotivationmotivation(administra
2.3.5 AB
The differenHence, theyfeedback pr
76 SP
Comm
and measuot easily ment
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ountries, “mexplosion,
ow bad it iw bad it is.
gy is often sistently und
ons often hd lack of awat concern
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nt organisaty can providrovided by th
Table 2.7 F
ST RA T E G Y FO R
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ments / obs
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major accidetoxic releas and each
not clear: cderstood.
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tions have ade several suhe participan
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HE APPROA
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1 2
risk zard
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main the The
dure
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ng the meth
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2 3 4
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programs. HB. The
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mments / o
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cessful if thexperts seentatives hoystems and
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E M I CA L AC C
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ns / feedba
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ould be invusively in t
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ack
e Neighbour time in catries.
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nvolved try wing industr
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es that ts.
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UNECE for the
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ist the
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D PA
Thematic
2 3 4
A G E 65 O F 77
c Unit
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PA GE 66 O F
resources,
The projecassist the particular countries process saf
Given the could be designed f
On the baexternal exaddress gimplement
Tools and culture bu(especially
As much aacademic/rthe differeprovide inreinforce callow the stakeholde
When desishould be
In couRusRus
It is
78 SP
Comm
and practic
ct could benproject in
for basic ewith limitefety risks.
presence ofto make a
for storage s
asis of surxperts can agaps and tation.
systems shut also tofor industry
as possibleresearchers
ent training,nsights to consistency
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ments / obs
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nefit from en producinenforcemened resource
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dapted note independ).
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and messag
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Examples ooften valuaand its indchemical a
Developmeinformatiocountries exchange ocountry. Tweb-based
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Questionnachemical aof-the-art country to realizing tprofiles co
80 SP
Comm
possible to ate various p
ct should coa strategy to
ct should coFor example
man factorsk assessmenveso inspectustry exper
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A G E 71 O F 83
he country’sriving policyg point for
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84 SP
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A G E 73 O F 85
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A G E 75 O F 87
roject. dova and on
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ell as the twoglish on the
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A G E 77 O F 89
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A G E 79 O F 91
d in scientificlving severalffering aims.country can
onstrains EU
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92 SP
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3.1 P
This sectorganiseNeighbosustainadomainsmaintain
T RY CA P A C IT Y
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A G E 81 O F 93
ce indicatorse country toand measurerated in thellel with this
a top-downrocesses. Ining programdiary can beefinition andthe capacityn, the moremportant to
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MODEL
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meet the dethese doma
As illustratewhich are m
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94 SP
emand (or oains are prop
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T RY CA P A C IT Y
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A G E 83 O F 95
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3.3 MA
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96 SP
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A G E 85 O F 97
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108 SPST RA T E G Y FO R
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USION AND R
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Establish andeveloping Establish a government blishing acity/Evalua
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s a number ar, Chaptersive. It is envish of them wown dynamic
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H E M I C A L AC C
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MENDATIO
ons and recothe main bothere will bestarting poinnces that wilrequire a conl implement
fer to main press challeng
been identifphasized tha
g with count
e project
in putting on the proce
een experts we. A team aprocesses th
nd backgrouoject successains and will
xperts for thessful CAPP sommittee fohe project’s s
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CI D EN T PRE V
N T R I E S
ONS
ommendatioody of informa number ofts, advantagl drive the pa
nstant monitoation. As su
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ns associatemation provf different coges, disadvanace and outcoring of strat
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ntages and ncomes. Keeptegic optionsortant that tep projects o
tial recommes new recomsis. These p
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vidual reporton differentts starting atneeds. Eachping track ofs and both athe initiative,on track and
endations onmmendationsprinciples are
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110 SP
opportunityts of the capa
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otential mode
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CH E M I CA L AC
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to establish
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ION AND RE
C CI D EN T PRE V
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d, to discuss
over time achocess Mode
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COMMEND A
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s, elicit, eval
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on and risk trisks. there is no pects may ne
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ears in capaccy response
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train trainerntion of trainand general ue when avanity’s netwo
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CH E M I CA L AC
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plemented inthe long term
ractice
s can help ide of tools, pe EU and els
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A.1 ALG
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About half oin elevationmain rivers rivers are naand streamPlateaus arebecomes inPlate with th
F 116 ST R
PR E
GERIA
hy
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Languages:Dzayer, Fren
Population
Area: 2,381
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Boumerdes
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ea level, and (3,003 m), ind, and even f the High Ply depend foow salt lakes
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s within the tthe diversity
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temperate zoof the relief
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105 O F 117
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F 118 ST R
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111 O F 123
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113 O F 125
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There wereaccident beothers.
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e reportedly etween 1988
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127 O F 139
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TopograMediterrmountai
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141 O F 153
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F 154 ST R
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al industry: s, which are r of calcium
ant highlight
The State-ophosphoric phosphate, 3phosphate. Société des Tunisien, hasktpa ammonammonia locIndustries CGafsa operatet d'Engrais Paint, glue a(each produc
al disaster h
07/07/1978,
and potenti
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t Tunisian a
f oil and gasde oil from t
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Tunisia's chits second lphosphates,
ts:
wned Groupacid, 1 00
300 ktpa NP
Engrais de s the capacitnitrate, largelcally, probabhimiques Mates the Gafsa(SIAPE) has pnd detergencing 650 ton
history and p
Manouba, e
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IN G ON CH
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and foreign
s pipelines cothe Saharan rouga / Laric
ugh a 24-incto the Gulf
anean pipelia. Code becam
production coevelop oil ex
hemical indulargest expoand the wor
pe Chimique0 ktpa trip
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bly at La Skirraghrébines (a fertiliser coplants at Sfaxnts are also m/day wet lim
potential:
xplosion, 150
ral disasters:
E M I CA L AC C
RH O O D CO U N
companies
overs the cooil fields of
ch / Debech,ch pipeline. Sof Gabes vianes transect
me effective ontracts. Thexports.
ustry is domrt earnings srld's third lar
e Tunisien hle superpho-phosphate-p
EPA), an opce 330 ktpa orted ammorha, using Alg(ICM) has plmplex; and Sx and La Skirmanufactured
me ) are being
0 people inju
: No informa
C I D E N T PREV
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are current
untry, linkingTunisia, incl
, is deliveredSince 1972, a a 10.75 inct the count
on 20 Februe Law introdu
minated by itsource. The rgest fertilise
has the caposphate (TSpotash) and
perating comphosphoric nia, althoughgerian gas. lants at GabSociete Indusrha. d in the coung built at Tha
ured, 3 peop
ation found y
E N T I O N A N D
ly engaged
g fields with uding El Bor
d to the La Skgas has also
ch pipeline. Atry and tran
uary 2000 anuces some n
s phosphatecountry is thr exporter.
pacity to proP), 600 ktp100 ktpa m
mpany of Gacid, 330 ktph there are p
bès; Industriestrielle d'Acid
ntry, and twoala and Mezu
le dead invo
yet
D PA GE
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ports and urma, Choueckhira terminao been delivAdditionally, nsport gas f
nd applies tonew incentive
es and phosphe world's fo
oduce 700 pa diammon
mono-ammon
roupe Chimpa DAP and plans to prod
es Chimiquesde Phosphor
o wet lime wuna.
lved ammon
143 O F 155
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F 156 ST R
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145 O F 157
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lion; 000; ,000
nd, Romania,
y in the west
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CAPACITY B
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saster risk E) (2012)
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sponsible p://www.un20Productio-v0.22WEB.p
fety Assess012-2013)
hancing Insd to integraJordan (201
saster Risk M
gh risk chemantic Façad
Centre of Exc
C I D E N T PREV
N T R I E S
bourhood Co
Assistance P
rofil nationnformationsiques (2004
reduction
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Prodnep.org/resoon%20%28Wpdf
ment Capa
stitutional Cate Climate 11-2015)
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mical facilitiee (AAF) Reg
ellence
E N T I O N A N D
ountries to th
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al, établir d pour une
4-2006).
initiative fo
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uction ourceefficieWeb%20up
acity buildin
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nt (Year?)
es and risk gion (http://
D PA GE
he East
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des prioritésgestion rat
or South-Eu
Security in
Pilot ency/Portalsploads%29/L
ng for Jord
to reduce the Hashem
mitigation i/www.cbrnc
155 O F 167
s
s et renforctionnelle de
urope (DRR
n the Centr
Projecs/24147/SafLessonsLear
dan –Nucle
Disaster Rimite Kingdo
in the Africacoe41.eu/)
er es
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ral
ct. fern
ar
sk m
an
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