VALVE AND PACKING DEVELOPMENT TESTINGLeak Rate (mbar l/s) Stress (MPa) Ni-Cr Wire Mesh Reinforced Yarn Flexible Graphite Packing (no impregnation) 1,00E-06 1,00E-05 1,00E-04 1,00E-03

José C. VeigaLuiz Paulo C. V. Romano

Gustavo M. SilvaTeadit Industria e Comercio

Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Carlos D. GirãoTeadit Packing & Gasket

Vadodara, India

VALVE AND PACKING DEVELOPMENT TESTING

Agenda

1. Introduction

2. Minimum Seating Stress

3. Packing Drag and Force Transmission

4. Thermal Expansion

5. Corrosion Test

6. Fugitive Emission Test Rigs

7. Conclusions

Sealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

Introduction

Low Emission Packing Design

Testing Devices: Simulate actual field conditions

Parameters that influence performanceSeating Stress

Number of Packing Rings

Stem x Packing Friction

Thermal Expansion and Contraction


Packing Minimum Seating StressSealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

1,00E-06

1,00E-05

1,00E-04

1,00E-03

1,00E-02

1,00E-01

1,00E+00

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Leak

Rat

e (m

bar l

/s)

Stress (MPa)

Expanded PTFE filled with Barium Sulphate Packing

1,00E-06

1,00E-05

1,00E-04

1,00E-03

1,00E-02

1,00E-01

1,00E+00

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Leak

Rat

e (m

bar l

/s)

Stress (MPa)

Ni-Cr Wire Reinforcement Flexible Graphite Packing

1,00E-06

1,00E-05

1,00E-04

1,00E-03

1,00E-02

1,00E-01

1,00E+00

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Leak

Rat

e (m

bar l

/s)

Stress (MPa)

Ni-Cr Wire Mesh Reinforced Yarn Flexible Graphite Packing(no impregnation)

1,00E-06

1,00E-05

1,00E-04

1,00E-03

1,00E-02

1,00E-01

1,00E+00

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Leak

Rat

e (m

bar l

/s)

Stress (MPa)

Carbon and Flexible Graphite Packing with Graphiteimpregnation

Packing Minimum Seating StressSealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

Packing Drag, Force Transmission and Thermal Expansion

1 – Stem 6 – Bushing2 – Gland 7 – Load Cell3 – Bonnet 8 – Load Cell Base4 – Internally Gaged Bolt 9 – Electrical Resistance5 – Packing


Packing Drag

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

0 20 40 60 80 100Gland Stress (MPa)

Fric

tion

Forc

e (N

)

2 Rings4 Rings5 Rings7 Rings


0

5000

10000

15000

20000


Fric

tion

Forc

e (N

)



0

5000

10000

15000

20000


Fric

tion

Forc

e (N

)


Carbon and Flexible Graphite Packing with Graphite impregnation

0

5000

10000

15000

20000


Fric

tion

Forc

e (N

)




Force Transmission

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


(%

)

2 Rings4 Rings5 Rings7 RingsSmin(0,01)


0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


(%

)


Carbon and Flexible Graphite Packing with Graphite impregnation

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


(%

)2 Rings4 Rings5 Rings7 RingsSmin(0,01)


0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%


(%

)




- Drag forces- Sealability

Other Rigs for Testing Drag - Knife Valve Test Sealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

35643168277223761980158411887923961

160

155

150

145

140

Index

P_H

2O(p

si)

182736

(lb.ft)TORQUE

STUD

P_H2O for STYLE C (ePTFE/Graphite)

35643168277223761980158411887923961

300

200

100

0

-100

-200

-300

Index

F_D

RA

G(l

bf)

182736

(lb.ft)TORQUE

STUD

F_DRAG for STYLE C (ePTFE/Graphite)

36363232282824242020161612128084041

160

155

150

145

140

Index

P_H

2O(p

si)

182736

(lb.ft)TORQUE

STUD

P_H2O for STYLE A (Synthetic/PTFE)

36363232282824242020161612128084041

300

200

100

0

-100

-200

-300

Index

F_D

RA

G(l

bf)

182736

(lb.ft)TORQUE

STUD

F_DRAG for STYLE A (Synthetic/PTFE)

Drag and Sealability Test ResultsSealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

0,00

0,50

1,00

1,50

2,00

2,50

3,00

3,50

4,00

4,50

5,00

Ds 1

(MP

a)

Style A Style B Style C Style D

Thermal Expansion Test ResultsAmbient to 212F (100C)

Style Yarn FillerComparative

e-PTFE content

A e-PTFE None 100% e-PTFE

B e-PTFE Barium Sulphate B% < A%

C e-PTFE Barium Sulphate C % < A% & B%

D e-PTFE Graphite D% < A%, B% & C%


Thermal Expansion Test ResultsAmbient to 212F (100C)

PTFE Packing Extrusion due to Thermal Expansion


Thermal Gravimetric Analysis - TGASealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

Packing

External Leakeage

API 607 TestAfter burn and cool-down (5min)

Style E 0.0 mL/min CERTIFIED

Style F 0.0 mL/min CERTIFIED

Style H 0.2 mL/min CERTIFIED

Material Degradation andAPI 607 Simulation

Validation


Galvanic CellCorrosion Test


CorroTest

0,00%

0,50%

1,00%

1,50%

2,00%

2,50%

3,00%

Inhi

bito

r 1

Inhi

bito

r 2

Inhi

bito

r 3

no In

hibi

tor

Inhi

bito

r 4

Inhi

bito

r 1

Inhi

bito

r 2

Inhi

bito

r 3

no In

hibi

tor

Inhi

bito

r 4

Inhi

bito

r 1

Inhi

bito

r 2

Inhi

bito

r 3

no In

hibi

tor

Inhi

bito

r 4

1010 304 410

Average Mass Loss


Low Emission Valves Test RigsSealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

R&D ResultsSealing for a Safer and Greener Tomorrow

ConclusionsMinimum Seating Stress

Leak free installation and start-upIncrease plant safety and reduce costs

Stem Torque or Drag determinationDesign of actuation devices

Thermal Expansion and Contraction EffectsDevelop lower thermal expansion packingsInstallation proceduresFire Safe

Corrosion InhibitorsProtection of Equipment

API 622, API624 (valve), ISO 15848, VDI2440, othersConsolidation - Development of Low Emission Packings


José C. VeigaLuiz Paulo C. V. Romano

Gustavo M. SilvaTeadit Industria e Comércio

Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Carlos D. Girã[email protected]

Teadit Packing & GasketVadodara, India

VALVE AND PACKING DEVELOPMENT TESTING

Thank you!

Documents

VALVE AND PACKING DEVELOPMENT TESTINGLeak Rate (mbar l/s) Stress (MPa) Ni-Cr Wire Mesh Reinforced Yarn Flexible Graphite Packing (no impregnation) 1,00E-06 1,00E-05 1,00E-04 1,00E-03