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UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (http://dare.uva.nl)
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Performing the community : representation, ritual and reciprocity in the Totonac Highlands ofMexico
Govers, C.J.H.
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Citation for published version (APA):Govers, C. J. H. (2006). Performing the community : representation, ritual and reciprocity in the TotonacHighlands of Mexico. Berlin: Lit.
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Download date: 28 Apr 2020
ANNEX 5
MEDICINAL PLANTS
Local name: Spanish /Totonac
Aguacate (Hojas de) / kukuta
Ahuah
(axiote)
Ajenjibre / Kaxtalampin
Ajenjo / jenjo*
Ajo*
Anis
Arnica/ maklhtgkun
Canela*
Chaca / tusün
Botanic10 and English name
Persea americana Mill., Lauraceae
Avocade (leaves)
Bixa orellana L, Bixaceae
Annatto, lipsticktree
Zingiber officinale Roscoe,
Zingiberaceae
Ginger
Artemisia absinthium L,
Compositeae
Absinthium
Allium sativum L, Lilliaceae
Garlic
Tagetes micrantha Cav.,
Asteraceae
Licorice marigold
Heterotheca inuloides Cass.,
Compositae
Arnica
Cinnamomum zeylanicum Hees, Lauraceae
Cinnamon
Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.,
Burseraceae
Gumbo limbo tree
Application in self-medication,
usually as tea11
Susto (water, earth, aire): oral and
external: in refino: avocado
leaves, clove, estafiate, garlic,
matanzi, nutmeg, pepper, tobacco;
Stomach pain (also with
manzanilla); Hard delivery: with
chocolate, cinnamon, sugar, silver
coin;. Mai aire: new leaves,
mohuite and salt in refino to rub
child.
Seeds: tea against measles.
Dysentery: root tea; Toothache:
concentrated tincture (boiling root tea).
Coraje (anger, sadness) with loss
of appetite; Strong susto.
See aguacate.
Gas in stomach; Uncomfortable
delivery: rub belly with mescal
(magey), oil, (Anis de campo)
sherry and honey in refino.
Inflamed pimples and bites;
Inflamed stomach. With chaca
and manzanilla to bath
undeveloped pimples.
Coughing: with flower of
bougainvillea, espinosilla, violet;
See aguacate.
See arnica.
10 I am greatly indebted to Miguel Angel Martinez Alfaro for identifying the plants. See also Martinez Alfaro et at 1995.
11 Plant leaves are used to make tea as an oral medicine, unless otherwise indicated. Diseases in Spanish are explained in chapter 5. Plants with * are all added to refino (rum) for a medicine against susto (oral and external use), used by healers. The recipe is secret.
ANNEXES 293
Chichicastle/chiüx*
Clavo de comer*
Coralillo / lakgpin*
Cordoncillo / kgantsaputuwan
(Juniapa)
Epazote / Lhkganni
Escobilla / xkgatnalipalhna*
(verbena)
Espino / maklhtukun (chayote)
Espinosilla/ nicaxanil*
Estafiate / estapiake *
Flor de muerto / kgalhpuxam
Floripundio / kalapux
Guayaba / asiwit
Hierbabuena / Ihpupuwina
Hierba del aire /
paxtokgnatuwan*
Hierba del cancer / tujuma tuwan
Hoja duke / sakgsin tuwan
Hoja santa / pulhuku
Urtica chamaedryoides Pursh,
Urticacea
Heartleaf nettle
Eugenia caryophyllus, Myrtaceae
Clove
Rivina humilis L, Pytholaccaceae
Bloodberry, rouge plant
Piper Auritum H.B.K., Piperaceae
Veracruz pepper
Chenopodium ambrosioides L.,
Chenopodiaceae
Mexican tea, wormseed
Verbena litoralis HBK,
Verbenaceae
Vervain
Sechium edule Sw., Cucurbitaceae
Chayote
Loeselia mexicana (Lam.) Brand.,
Polemoniaceae
Mexican false calico
Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. subsp.
Mexicana (Willd) Keck, Asteraceae
Wormwood, sagebrush
Tagetes erecta L, Compositae
African or Aztec Mangold
Brugmansia x Candida Pers.,
Solanaceae
Angel's trumpet
Psidium guajava L, Myrtaceae
Guava
Mentha arvensis L, Labiatea
Wild mint
Crusea diversifolia HBK Anderson,
Rubiaceae
Mountain saucerflower
Acalypha arvensis Poepp.,
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha
Lippia dulcis Trev., Verbanaceae
Mexican lippia
Eupatorium morifolium Mill.,
Asteraceae
Greenstick
Headache; Stomach pain;
Purifying blood; Fever with
measles (also external).
See aguacate.
Foggy eyes; Blood; Kidney;
Stomach problems.
External: to clean pimples,
infections, swellings; Oral: after a
blow (on the head)
To menstruate; Stomach pain.
Steambath against susfo.
Kidney stones.
High fever: oral and external (in
refino), latter also for chest pain.
See canela.
Constipation; External: susto
(water, earth), with garlic,
tobacco, matanzi. See aguacate.
External: cleaning pimples and
wounds; With mano de lechusa,
tabaco and oil to rub weak
children.
Epilepsy (small quantity); Mai de
ojo: with hojas santa, rose flower,
carbonate, oil, raw egg white (of
egg used for rubbing): 12 hrs on
stomach and back of child.
Dysentery; Pimples in mouth; Hair
loss.
Stomach pain of baby; Very hot
with sugar or honey to lower
fever.
External: cleaning pimples and
wounds; oral: stomach pain.
To menstruate or when it is
painful; Abortion.
Asthma; See floripundio.
294 ANNEXES
Laurel/unantuwan*
Lima de castilla / tsikit lima
Madura de zapote /
akglhtantulunks Mano de grillo / xmakan silakni*
Mano de lechuza / akgachulhnut*
Probably: hierba de lechuza
Manzanilla
Matanzi / Pikuatuwan*
Mejorana*
Mirto*
Moradilla / akgasmalh xatzutzokg
Mozote de caballo / xtiyu kawayü
Muite / tsis
Nuez moscada
Oregano*
Palma / Iflhtamp
Perejil*
Litsea glaucescens HBK,
Lauraceae
Laurel
Citrus aurantifolia (Chr) Swingle,
Rutaceae
Lime
Hamelia patens Jacq., Rubiaceae
Scarlet bush, firebush
Iresine herbstii Hook,
Amaranthaceae
Bloodleaf, beefsteak plant,
chicken gizzard
Kalanchu pinnata (Lam) Pers.,
Crassulaceae
(probably) Cathedral bells
Matricaria recutita L, Asteraceae
Camomille
Satureja brownei (Swartz) Briq.,
Lamiaceae
Savory
Origanum majorana L (sp.),
Lamiaceae
Marjoram, sweet marjoram
Salvia microphylla HBK,
Lamiaceae
Baby sage
Zebrina pendula, Commelinaceae
Wandering jew
Bidens pilosa L, Compositeae
Hairy beggarticks
Justicia spicigera (Schlecht),
Acanthaceae
Mexican honeysucle, firecracker
bush
Nutmeg
Origanum vulgare L, Lamiaceae
Oregano, wild marjoram
Chamaedorea oblongata Mart.,
Palmae
Palm
Petroselinum crispum (Mill)
Nyman ex A.,
Apiaceae
Parsley
Headache; External: purple fingers
and mouth of screaming child.
Skin to treat sour throat.
External: cleaning wounds and
pimples.
Headache; To urinate; See mano
de lechuza.
Root tea: failing to urinate (with
mano de grillo); See flor de
muerto.
Coraje or strong feelings; Nerves;
External: swollen face caused by
tooth infection: fry in oil and lay
on heated sauco leave; See
aguacate and arnica.
See aguacate and estafiate.
Stomach pain; Mai aire, external,
in refino.
Indigestion and empacho;
Stomach pain; Abortion;
External: headache, in vinegar on
forehead.
To stop bleeding (nose); To
urinate; Painful urinating.
Kidneys; Bathing inflamed feet.
To menstruate; Diabetics; See
aguacate; Susto children: to bath;
See aguacate.
Empacho; Coughing; Diarrhoea:
tea with carbonate and drop of
oil.
Painful and hoarse throat: with
tulipan and bougainvillea
Toothache: rinse, with salt;
Abscess in mouth: rinse, with
carbonate.
ANNEXES 295
Pimipnta / ukum*
Piocha
Romero
Rosa de castilla / laktzu rosa
Ruda
Salvia / chujut*
Saüco/tokgxiwa*
Siempreviva
Tabaco / axkut
Toronjil*
Tulipan / reglete
Violeta
Yolispa / lixpa*
Unidentified plants™
Hierba de venado / jukituwan
Hierba plata / kankatatuwan
- / tapakghtawila
Pimenta dioica L. Merrill,
Myrtaceae
Allspice
Melia Azedarach L, Meliaceae
Chinaberrytree
Rosmarinos officinalis L,
Lamiaceae
Rosemary
Rosa centifolia L; Rosa Galica L;
Rosa Chinensis Jacq., Rosaceae
Cabbage rose; French rose;
Chinese rose
Ruta chalepensis L, Rutaceae
Fringed rue
Scutellaria sp., Lamiaceae
Skullcap
Sambucus mexicana Presl.,
Caprifoliaceae
Blue elder, Mexican elder
Sedum dendroideum DC,
Crassulaceae
Sedum
Nicotiana tabacum I., Solanaceae
Cultivated tobacco
Agastache mexicana (Kunth) Lint
et Epiing,
Lamiaceae
Mexican giant hyssop
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L,
Malvaceae
Hibiscus
Viola odorata L, Violaceae
Sweet violet
Cuphea sp., Lythraceae
Waxweed
See aguacate and estafiate.
Stomach pain: with toronjil and
saüco; Same tea and as external:
aching after heavy load: 3 days on
back and stomach, before
almuerzo.
Dysentery; Hair loss; Stomach
pain.
Diarrhoea: dried flowers;
Constipation: fresh flowers;
Inflamed eyes: squeeze flowers
directly in eyes; See hoy'as santa;
See palma.
Mai de ojo: branch in pillow-case;
See piocha.
*
To sleep: branch in pillow-case;
Mai de ojo: branch on scissors on
top of cup, next to head child; See niocha.
Red or inflamed eyes: squeeze
directly in eyes; Pimple in mouth:
chew raw.
Snake bite: in refino (to vomit);
See florde muerto; External:
pimples, swelling, rash, itching:
toasted and pulverized in refino.
Coughing: tea or with refino;
Excessive menstruation; Severe
stomach pain; Strong feelings;
Nerves; See piocha.
Coughing: with cinnamon and
raisins; See palma.
Pimples in mouth; See canela and
espinosilla.
Diarrhoea; External: Cramps: in
refino to rub.
WSKtÊKÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊHtÊM -
--
Saccar piedras (scorcery); To
menstruate.
Espanto de hombres.
Abortion.
12 Details on these plants are kept secret.