78

U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

  • Upload
    others

  • View
    4

  • Download
    0

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

������������ ������ ������

���������! #"$&%('*),+- #./ 0��123��)4�!5-6781:9;"/6.8<=�#��)�>$&?(�>@�A��#BC5/DE6B� 0�#7F$&G�)�;6 # H5-�0�I582� �JK67-./L,+M�#.-67-B�2�!5-6N�O582P5M6��L,��<2�7:9Q2P)><2��I�!582RJM6���(�S'*)T"2�6N����@U%�'V),+- 0.W #��12P��)X2�Y=J-�!2����(9P"ZL��6N�!���!+-.-2P��)[�!5829Q2�9P\]2����^)G&9P"Q2�Y=69��#7-6N�!��),7XB�),9_9_������2�2$8?U��@^?U),+8LP?O+-7M5-69`67-.[?U��@Ha(6N�C #67[bc��2�BC5F@^%�'*),+- #.6 #��)d #��12Q��)d�!5-6781:�!582ZefbdGg6B�+- ��S"/G�)�;JM�!)><=�#.-�#7-L49Q2X�!+-J-J])�!�I.-+8���#7-LZ�!582���2��h'V)d"2�6N���P)Gf9;"L��6.-+M6N��2;���!+-.8"@���#7-6 # #"$,%�'V),+- 0._ #��12f��)R�!5-6781Q6 # M9;"QG�2� # �)�'iL��6.-+-6N��2O���!+-.-2�7j�!�kGl)�*9_6N1c�078L;9P"_���!6�"_�#7�?U+M #+8�!5�!5-6N��9R+-B�5T9Q)�!2UJM �2�6��+8��6N\M �2@�mf582('*6N�C9;�!5[�!5-6N�n2�<2��!"),782I5-6�n�!5-)>'�7T5-6�*9_6.82O+8J[Gl)��6 # ��!582'��#7o��2���.-6>"c���#7Z?O+- #+8�!5F@

Page 2: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

prqts�uPv>wfx-yzq|{}qtu(~`�ZqH�nx8uPs�uR��s�u������P��~�sh�=�V��q|u(~��Ku(�;s!x-w�u3{�q|u(~

���c�-����^�-�

Af2��078Gl)�CB�2�9Q2�7j�O�&2�6N�C7-�#78L:�gA��z���#�U6[Gl)��9�)Gkm|2�9QJ])��6 z?U����2��!2�7MB�23�t2�6N��7-�#7-L_Gl)�I�!�#�!+-6N�!��),7-�U�#7=�<), �<=�#78L�6NL2�7o�!�O2�Y=JM �)���#7-L_.8),9_6�#7-��@fmf5-�#����2�BC5-7-�#�c+82PJ-�!)><=�#.82����!2�'n6N��.-�f)�UJM+-7M�#�!5-9Q2�7o�!����)[�!582 �2�6N��7M�#78L_6NL2�7o�!��@(DE),����)GH�!5-2;'*)�!14�#74�!5M�#��Dd6B�5-�0782P�t2�6N��7-�#78L_�M2� #.45-6�(\]2�2�7W.8),7-2 ),7E���#78L, �2��6NL2�7o�f2�7j<=���!),7M9Q2�7j�!��@kmf5-�#�*'*)�!1T6.-.8�!2��!�!2�����),9Q2I)Gz�!582 �#�!�!+-2����#7j<), #<2�.4�#7T6NJ-JM �"=�#78L3A��K��)�672�7o<c����),7-9Q2�7o��'����!5WB�),9QJ]2��!�#78LX6NL2�7o�!��@�m�582;2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o���#�(6��!�#9R+- #6N��2�.E6���(B�),9P\M6N�UL,69Q2@(¡��J]2�B��¢��B��S"cJ]2()GtA(�/B�6 # �2�.Z£(�S �2�6N��7M�#78LP�0�k2�9QJ� �)>"2�.F@^¡¤B�), # �2�B��!��),7[)Gt6NL2�7o�!��6N�!2O\M+-�# #�^67-.[�!582����\]2�5-6�<=��)�f���!+M.-��2�.F@^mf5-2�����6N\M�# #���h"���)� #2�6N��74�#�n2�<N6 #+-6N��2�.W\o"TB�),9QJM6N���078LQ�!582�����J]2��!G�)��9_67-B�2���@

�#�

Page 3: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

¥§¦U¨U©�ªV¨U©�«

¬ ­�®�¯>°²±F³�´tµ¯²¶l±�® ¬· ¸3¹-µ²ºF»M°²±�´z®t³ ¼½ @#¾ Af2��078Gl)�CB�2�9Q2�7j�(�&2�6N��7-�078LÀ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Á½ @ ½ ¡(�!�!�¢��B��#6 FÂ(2�+8��6 tÂ�2��h'V)�!1=�K¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾ ½½ @Äà Åk 067-7-�#78LQ�#7Z9R+- ��!���S6NL2�7j��2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o�!�Æ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾�Á

½ @ÄÃc@#¾ bc�!6N��2��U67-.Z¡UB��!��),7-�Ç¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾>Ƚ @ÄÃc@ ½ ÅV #67-� ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾�ɽ @ÄÃc@Äà Dd+- ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o��.8),9�6�#7-�Ê¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾�Ë

Ì ÍUÎ&Ï^Ðc°²¶gÑÊÐc®�¯�¹MÒ�ÓFÐo¯�´tÏ ·M·Ãc@#¾ ?U2��!B�����JM�!��),7Z)Gz�!582 L,69Q2Ô¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½½Ãc@ ½ Õ \=Ö�2�B��!��<2׿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½²ØÃc@Äà mf582 Dd6782�+8<2��C�Ù¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½²ØÃc@ Ø �&2�<2� 0�f)Gz2�YcJ]2��!�!�#�!2Ú¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ÛÃc@ Û Å�6NL2 ½½ ÃX¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ËÃc@ÄÁ %Ü9QJM �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7¤¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÃNÝÃc@ÞÈ bc�!6N��2RAf2�J-�!2��!2�7j�!6N�!��),7�¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ã=¾Ãc@ÄÉ ?U2�6.- �)=B!14¡(<),�#.-67-B�2ß¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ã=¾Ãc@ÄË ?U2��!B�����JM�!��),7Z)Gz�!582 J-�!2��àJM�!)L��69_9Q2�.W6NL2�7j�á¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ à ½Ãc@#¾�Ýâen58),�0B�2I)G�¡UB��!��),7 ¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÃÃ

ã ÍUÎ&Ï^Ðc°²¶gÑÊÐc®�¯�ä Ì-ãØ @#¾ DE2��!58)c.-), �)L" ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ à ÛØ @ ½ Å^��2� #�#9_�#7M6N�!"�Af2���+- ��!� ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÃÁ

Ø @ ½ @#¾ �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��n<c�fA(67-.8),9å¡(L2�7o�U¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÃÁØ @ ½ @ ½ �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��n<c�fÅk�!)L��69_9_2�.W¡(L2�7j�æ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÃËØ @ ½ @Äà �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�fA(67-.8),9å¡(L2�7j�ç¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Øj½Ø @ ½ @ Ø �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�fÅk�!)L��69_9Q2�.W¡�L2�7o�á¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø Ã

Ø @Äà Å^��2� #�#9_�#7M6N�!"[e*�!),����mt2����!�078L�¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ØjÛØ @ÄÃc@#¾ �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��n<c�fA(67-.8),9 Õ J-J]),782�7j�á¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ØjÛØ @ÄÃc@ ½ �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�fA(67-.8),9 Õ JMJ�),7-2�7j� ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø ÈØ @ÄÃc@Äà b=+M9_9_6N�!"�¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø É

Ø @ Ø ¡U.8<²67MB�2�.WAf2���+- ��!�(¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø ËØ @ Ø @#¾ DE2��!58)=.8), �)L"è¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø ËØ @ Ø @ ½ �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��n<c�f�t2�6N��7-�#7-L_¡�L2�7o�P�à£(�à�!6N\M #2��Q¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û ÝØ @ Ø @Äà �t2�6N��7-�#78L_¡(L2�7o�P�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�f�t2�6N��7-�#78LQ¡(L2�7j�3�gÂ(ÂI�é¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û Á

�0�#�

Page 4: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

Ø @ Ø @ Ø e*��),�!�fm|2����!�#78Lê¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Á=¾Ø @ Û b=+-9�9_6N�!"è¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÁÁ

ë ìn¶gÑʶl¯>¹8¯²¶l±�®täQ¹�®t³§í|´t¯�´|°�ÐEîï±M°²º ¼Mð¼ ñP±�®tµoÒ�´|ä>¶�±�®|ä ¼Mò

��<

Page 5: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

óWô «-©ê¦�õ÷ö ô�ø(ù3ú ª^«

¾ ¡ûGl)�C9_6 &9Q)=.82� ])G�6_ �2�6N��7-�078L32�7j<=���!),7-9_2�7j�ü¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Á½ ¡U7Z2�Y=69_JM �2 )G�6_A��÷J-�!)\M #2�9 ¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Èà ¡U7Z2�Y=69_JM �2 )G�674+8JF.-6N��2I��)�6[£(�à<²6 0+82I)Gz6����!6N��2��S6B��!��),7EJM6���Z¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾¾Ø ¡êÂ�2�+-��6 &782��h'V)�!1Z�#9_JM �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7T)G�6X£(�àGg+-7-B��!��),7 ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾ ½Û ¡ûJ]2���B�2�J-���!),7Fý^6��!�#9QJM #2(�h'V)N�S #6>"2��!2�.:782�+8��6 F7-2��S'*)�!1�¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾�ÃÁ ¡ïÃ��S #6�"2���2�.WG�2�2�.=�àG�)�!'*6N�C.4782�+8��6 F7-2��S'*)�!1�¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾ ÛÈ ¡ûGl)�C9_6 &9Q)=.82� ])Gz�!582 2�Y=J�2��C�#9Q2�7o�!6 ]2�7j<=���!),7-9_2�7j�ï¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ÝÉ þHY869QJM #2IJM6NL2��fG��!),9ÿ�!582IL,69_2Q¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ÃË mf582 �!2��f)GH9_6782�+8<2����f�!5-6N��B�674\]2OJ]2��!G�)��9Q2�.T\c"T67o"[JM #6�"2�� ¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½Û¾�Ý bc�!6N�!�!�078LQJM6NL2��fG�)��67W2�Y=69QJ� �2 ��2��c+82�7-B�2I)GH9Q)><2�� ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ Ⱦ¾ þk7M.-�#78L3JM6NL2���Gl)��6742�Y=69QJ� �2 ��2��c+82�7-B�2 )GH9Q)�<2��_¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ɾ ½ bc�!6N��2��(�!2�J-�!2��!2�7j�!�#7-L3�!2��o+82�7MB�2 )GH9Q)><2���¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ˾�à � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��*<=�fA�67M.8),9å¡(L2�7j� ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ãɾ Ø � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��*<=�fÅ^��)L��69_9Q2�.4¡(L2�7o��¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø Ý¾ Û � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��*<=�fÅ^��)L��69_9Q2�.4¡(L2�7o��¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø Ý¾�Á � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�gÂUÂI�n<=�fÅ^�!)L�C69_9Q2�.4¡(L2�7j� ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ØjÛ¾>È � ��6NJ�5-�IG�)�;�&2�6N��7M�#78LZ¡�L2�7o�[�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��(����6�#7-2�.K6NL,6�#7-��� 64J-�!)L��69_9_2�./6NL2�7j��$

��2�����2�.d6NL,6�#7-���f6�A�67-.8),9 ¡�L2�7o�/¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø È¾�É � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��*<=�f�&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2���¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û ¾¾�Ë � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��*<=�f�&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2���¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û Ã½ Ý � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��*<=�f�&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2���¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÛÛ½ ¾ � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�gÂUÂI�n<=�f�&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�gÂUÂI��¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û È½½ � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�gÂUÂI�n<=�f�&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�gÂUÂI��¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û Ë½ à � ��6NJ�5-��G�)���&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�gÂUÂI�n<=�f�&2�6N��7M�#78LQ¡�L2�7o�R�gÂUÂI��¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Á=¾½²Ø � ��6NJ�5-�_G�)���&2�6N�C7-�#78LK¡(L2�7j�/�à£(�à�!6N\M #2��R<c�X�&2�6N��7M�#78LK¡(L2�7j�:�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��_mt2�����2�.

6NL,6�#7-�!�fJ-�!)L��69�9Q2�.Z)J-J]),782�7o� ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÁÃ½Û � ��6NJ�5-�_G�)���&2�6N�C7-�#78LK¡(L2�7j�:�gÂ(ÂI�3<=���t2�6N��7-�#7-L:¡(L2�7o�:�gÂUÂO�Qmt2�����2�.§6NL,6�#7-�!�

J-�!)L�C69_9Q2�.Z)J-J]),782�7o�Ç¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Á Û

<

Page 6: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

óWô «-©ê¦�õ�������!ªk«¾ mf582 �!��2�JM�fG�), # �)�'V2�.4�07Z6�£(�S �2�6N��7-�078LQ6 �L)�����!5-9 ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ˽ 6B!1cJ-�!)JM6NL,6N�!�#),7E6 �L)�C���!5-9å�#7Z6XÃ��S #6�"2��!2�.E782�+8��6 F7-2��S'*)�!1 ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¾�Áà %Ü78Gl)�C9_6N�!��),7ZJ-��)><=�#.82�.Z�#7T2�6BC54JM6NL2 ¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ÃØ bc2��c+82�7-B�2 )GzJM #6>" ¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ÁÛ mz6N\M �2IL,��<=�#78LQ�!582 9_)><2��(Gl)�f\])�!5ZJ� #6�"2����׿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ½ ÈÁ bc�!6N�!�!�078L_Å�6NL2û¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÃNÝÈ � 2�782��C6 t9Q2��!58)=.8), �)L"[G�)�f2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!� ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ à ÛÉ �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��*<=��A(67-.8),9ÿ¡(L2�7j�X¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ã,ÈË �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��*<=��Åk�!)L��69_9_2�.4¡�L2�7o��¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ã˾�Ý �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��*<=��Åk�!)L��69_9_2�.4¡�L2�7o��¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø ¾¾¾ �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�fA�67M.8),9å¡(L2�7j�â¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Øj½¾ ½ �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�fÅ^��)L��69_9Q2�.4¡(L2�7o� ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Øؾ�à �&2�6N�C7-�#78L ¡(L2�7j�O�à£(�à�!6N\M �2�������6�#782�.Q6NL,6�#7M���kÅ^��)L��69_9Q2�._¡(L2�7o��$c��2��!��2�.�6NL,6�#7-�!�

A�67M.8),9ÿJM #6>"2�� ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø Á¾ Ø �&2�6N�C7-�#78LQ¡(L2�7j�;�gÂUÂO�n����6�#782�.T6NL,6�#7-�!�fÅ^�!)L��69�9Q2�.T)J-J]),782�7o��$8��2�����2�.46NL,6�#7-�!�

A�67M.8),9å¡(L2�7j��¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø É¾ Û � 2�782��C6 t9Q2��!58)=.8), �)L"[G�)��6.8<N67-B�2�.42�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�/¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Ø Ë¾�Á �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��*<=���t2�6N��7-�#7-L3¡(L2�7o�R�à£(�à�!6N\M #2��E¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û ¾¾>È �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��*<=���t2�6N��7-�#7-L3¡(L2�7o�R�à£(�à�!6N\M #2��E¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û Ã¾�É �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��*<=���t2�6N��7-�#7-L3¡(L2�7o�R�à£(�à�!6N\M #2��E¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÛÛ¾�Ë �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�f�&2�6N�C7-�#78LQ¡(L2�7j�3�gÂ(ÂI� ¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û È½ Ý �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�f�&2�6N�C7-�#78LQ¡(L2�7j�3�gÂ(ÂI� ¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Û É½ ¾ �&2�6N�C7-�#78L_¡(L2�7j�R�gÂ(ÂI�n<=�f�&2�6N�C7-�#78LQ¡(L2�7j�3�gÂ(ÂI� ¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÁNݽ½ �&2�6N�C7-�#78L4¡(L2�7j�T�à£(�à�!6N\M �2��I<c�;�&2�6N��7-�078L4¡�L2�7o�[�à£U�à�!6N\M �2��Om|2�����2�.÷6NL,6�07-��� J-��)N�

L��69_9_2�.4)J-J]),782�7o�Z¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ Á ½½ à �&2�6N�C7-�#78LT¡�L2�7o�X�gÂUÂO�(<=�I�&2�6N�C7-�#78L[¡�L2�7o�X�gÂUÂO�Um|2�����2�./6NL,6�#7-�!�IJ-�!)L��69_9_2�.

)J-J]),782�7o� ¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿;¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ¿I¿;¿ ¿ ¿I¿ ¿ ÁÁ

<c�

Page 7: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

� � ¨O© ú ¦� ù�� © ô ¦(¨Dd6B�5-�#7-2R�t2�6N��7-�#78L:�gDE���(�#�(67:6B��!��<23��2� #.4)GV�!2���2�6N��BC5F@O%h�I�#�(JM #6>"c�#7-LX67:�#7-B��!2�6���#78L, �"ZB�2�7o����6 �!), �2f�07QB�),9QJM+8��2��k��B���2�7-B�2f67-._B�),9_JM+8��2��^��2�BC5-78), �)L"@^Dd�W�#�k6I9P+- #�!�¢�S.-�#�!B��#JM #�#7-6N��"��M2� 0.F$,.8��6>'��#78L�!2��!+M ��!�^G��!),9æ6N�!�!�¢��B��#6 ��#7o��2� # #��L2�7-B�2$c���!6N�!�#���!�0B���$c7-2�+8�!)\M��), #)L"_67-._)�!582��C��@^¡âB�),9QJM+-��2��VJ-��)L��69�#�*�!6�#.���) �# ������ G��!),9`2�Y=J]2�����2�7-B�2('����!5��!2���J]2�B��V��)3��),9Q2OB� #6�!�V)G&�!6��1=�*67-.X6PJ]2��!G�)��9_67-B�2U9Q2�6²��!+8��2 ��G|���!�fJ�2���Gl)��9�67-B�2I�#9QJ-�!)�<2��f'��#�!5T2�YcJ]2�����2�7MB�2@

Õ 782[J])JM+- #6N�RDE�Ù��2�BC5-7-�#�c+82TG�)�3B���2�6N�!�#78L:�#7j��2� 0 #��L2�7o�R6+8��),7-),9Q),+-�36NL2�7j�!���#�R��): #2��P�!582�9 2�Yc�JM �)��2P�!582Q2�7o<=���!),7-9Q2�7o�O67-.:J-�!)�<c�#.-2P�!582�9 '(���!5d�!2��#78G�)��B�2�9Q2�7o�I�!��L,7-6 #��@��§5M�# �2R�!5-�#�O6NJ-J-�!),6BC55-6��'V)�!12�.ü'*2� # �G�)�X��),9Q2E�!6��1=���!+-BC5 6�[ �2�6N��7-�078L:��)÷JM #6>"�\M6B!1cL,69_9Q),7F$f�#���!+=�]2������!2�<2���6 #�#9����!6N�!��),7-��@ Õ 782Q #�#9_���!6N�!�#),7E�#�O�!5M6N�I�!5-�#�U�S"cJ]2Q)GV �2�6N��7M�#78L8$FAf2��#7-Gl)��B�2�9_2�7j� �t2�6N��7-�#78L/�gA����C$&�#�78)�_6NJ-J� #�#B�6N\M �2X��)K9P+M ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�Q2�7j<=���!),7-9_2�7j�!��@çmf5-�#�3�#�367i�09QJ])�!�!67j�3�#�!��+82[���#7-B�2T�!2�6 n'*)�� #.6NJ-JM 0�#B�6N�!��),7-�n'�5M�#B�5Z�#7o<), �<2I�!)\])�!���!5M6N�� �2�6N��74+M�!+-6 # �"X5-6�<2;9R+- ��!�#JM �2I�#7o��2���6B��!�#78L_6NL2�7o�!��@

¡(L2�7j�!�O�#7E6X9R+- ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�O��"c�!��2�9�9_6>"4\]2PB�),9QJ]2��!���!�#<2;)�OB�)o)J]2���6N�!��<23�#7E7-6N�!+8�!2P)�U6[9_�¢Y=�!+8�!2)G�\])�!5F@k�8)�U2�Y=69_JM �2$MB�),7-���#.82��f6������!+-6N�!��),7T'�5-2��!2 �S'*)���)\�)�!��6N�!2;'*)�!1=�#78LQ��)L2��!582��U��)�9Q)�<2\M �)=B!1=�[�#7ü6Ê�!)c),9Z@ b=+-B�5§6ç��"c�!��2�9�'*),+- #. \]2EB�),7-�!�0.82��!2�.§B�)o)J]2���6N�!��<2$U6�[\�)�!5ü�!)\])�!�T6N�!2'*)�!1c�078L4��)>'n6N��.-�R6WB�),9�9Q),7KL),6 @ Õ 7÷�!582_)�!582��35-67-.&$|B�),7-�!�0.82�� �S'*):6NL2�7j�!�R���!"=�#78LZ��)EJM #6�"\M6B�1oL,69_9_),7F@H%�73�!5M�#�HB�6��2$c2�6B�5�6NL2�7o�V�0�����!"c�078LO��) \]2�6N�^5-�#��)J-J]),782�7o�H67-._�#�HB�),7-���#.82��!2�.3��) \]2B�),9QJ]2��!���!��<2@�%Ü7�9Q)��2�B�),9QJM �2�YQ2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o�!��$j�!5-2�6NL2�7j�!�*9_6>"Q\�2�\�)�!5�B�),9QJ]2��!���!��<2�6�V'V2� 0 -6�B�)c)J�2��C6N�!��<2@Re*),7-���#.82�������"c�#7-LX��)T\M+-�0 #.Z�S'*)Z��2�69_�O��)ZJM 06�"W��)=B�B�2���@ )�!5:��2�69_�I6N�!2Q �2�6N�C7-�#78L8$67-.Ê2�6B�5Ç6NL2�7o�Q�#�; �2�6N�C7-�#78L4��):�#7o��2���6B��QB�),7-������+MB��!��<2� �"/'����!5Ê���!�P��2�69Ô9Q2�9;\]2���$H6N�R�!582T�!69Q2�!�#9Q2 B�),9_J�2��!�078L_6NL,6�#7-�����!582 9Q2�9P\�2��C��)G|�!5-2 )�!582�����2�694@

%Ü7X6.-.M���!��),7_��)3�!582O6N\])><2$=�!582O6NL2�7j�!��9_��L,5o�k\]2�2����!5-2��n #2�6N��7-�#78L;)�VJ-��2��àJ-�!)L��69_9_2�.[6NL2�7o�!��@k¡J-�!2��àJM�!)L��69_9Q2�.��*6NL2�7o�f5-6�n6P\�+-�# ��Ü�S�#7�������6N��2�L"[Gl)��B�5-)o),�!�078LQ6B��!��),7-��@H%��*5M6��78)RB�6NJ�6N\M�# #���h"Q��)

������� �"!$#�� �"%&#�!'#&("� �"%*),+.-0/�1"- +324-05.6767%8/95.�:/�1;- %=<>1"- +324-05.6767%8/954- %@?"#�%8/A!'�B� %=- C0��5.�"23%854D:EGF¾

Page 8: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�2�6N��7W)��L2�782��C6 #�IH�2 ),7d���!�f2�Y=J]2�����2�7-B�2@nmV"oJM�0B�6 # �"$-67d6NL2�7j�U'�5-�#BC545-6�(6���J]2�B��¢��BI�!2���)G^9Q)�<2��G�)��2�6B�5:���!6N��23�#�(B�),7-�!�#.82���2�.4J-�!2��àJM�!)L��69_9Q2�.&@nm�582;��2��()G^9Q)><2��O.8)[78)�(BC5-678L2P67M.E6N�!2R78)�.82�J]2�7-.82�7o�n),74�!�#9_2@

%Ü7Z�!5-�#��'*)�!1�$-%nJ-�!)J]),��2I��)[6.-.8�!2��!����),9Q2 )G��!582;�0�!�!+82����!5M6N�(6N�!2;B�),7MB�2���782�.4'(���!546NJ-JM #"c�#7-LRA(���)K67ç2�7j<=���!),7M9Q2�7j�3'��#�!5ÊB�),9QJ]2��!�#7-L:6NL2�7o�!��@Çb=�#7-B�2TA��r�#�R\]2����Q�!+-�#��2�.÷G�)�Q�!)\])�Q �2�6N��7-�#7-L8$z%5-6><2_J]2��!Gl)�C9Q2�.d<²6N���#),+-�O��2����!�I),7/L,69_2��àJM #6�"=�#78L46NL2�7o�!��@_mf5-2RL,69_2����!��2� �GV�#�O\M6��2�./),7 �(�C [�&J�(�C �� $F6[���#9QJM �2P6���UB�),9P\M6N�IL,69Q23'��#�!5W�h'V)T)J-J]),�!�#7-L�JM #6>"2�����$]'�58),�!2R6�#9��(6N�!23��)Z�!58)c)�U�!582�����!2���J]2�B��!��<2P)J-J]),782�7o�!�f),+8�()Gz�!5-2P��1c"@fmf582 L,69_2RB�),7-���#���!�f)G^6_��7-����2 �!2���)G^���!6N��2��Q�g.82��!B��C��\M�#78L�!582QJM 06�"2����OJ]),�!���!�#),7E67-./5M�#�U)J-J]),782�7j�!�LK�J]),�!�#�!��),7��f'����!5d2�6B�5/J� #6�"2��;5M6�<=�#78LZ6T��2��I)G*6B��!�#),7-����!+8��7M��$&�!), # 0��$F2��!BN@Þ�ç��)WBC58)o),�!2_Gl��),9Z$t.82�J]2�7-.-�078LX),7K�!582_���!6N��2�5823��7-.-�I5-�#9���2� �Gk�#7&@Rmf5-2QL,69Q25-6�f6���2��f)Gz��+- �2��n�!5-6N�(.82���2���9_�#7-2 58)>'â�!5-2;6B��!��),7-�f6²�]2�B����!5-2;���!6N��2@

%Ü7��!5-�#�R�!582��!�#��$^%P5-6><24B�),7=��782�.�9P"c�!2� �G���)K6:JM6N���!�#B�+- #6N�R�S"cJ]2Z)G(A��NM b=+8����),7F$#¾�ËÉÉPO�B�6 # �2�.i£(� �2�6N��7M�#78LQM �K6N��1c�07-��$#¾�ËÉË�Oà@H%Ü7QA��k$,�!582f�!6�!1R)G��!582�6NL2�7o�V�0�H��); �2�6N��7Q6SR �N�UTg�LV �g+-�!+-6 0 �"P6 9�6NJ-JM�#78LG��!),9û2�<2��!"R�!�!6N��2f�#7;�!5-2n�!2��z)G����!6N��2��H)G��!582n'V)�� 0.P��)I��),9_2n6B��!�#),7Q�#7R�!582���2���)G�6B��!��),7-�H6><²6�0 #6N\M �2��)3�!582O6NL2�7j�C�V�!5-6N�n�#7-.M�#B�6N��2��k�!5-2XWÜ\]2�����Y36B��!��),7[��)3�!6N12 �#7_2�6BC5Z���!6N��2@k%Ü7Z£(�S �2�6N��7-�078L8$j�!5-�0�kJ]), ¢��#B�"��0�*�09QJM �2�9Q2�7o��2�.[6�f67T6B��!��),7=�SB�5-)o),�!�078L_9Q)=.-+- �2(�!5-6N�n2�9QJM �)�"c�n6[Z �\Tl�UTg�\V7J Z ���>�\Tg�N� �!5M6N�n9�6NJM����!6N��2��U67-.Z6B��!��),7-����)�6_7c+-9Q2����0B(<N6 #+82 �07-.-�#B�6N�!�#7-LP�!582;<²6 #+-2Q�g+-�!�# #���h"8�V)Gz�!6N1c�078L_�!5-6N��6B��!�#),74�#7�!5-6N���!�!6N��2@

mf582;J�), 0�#B�"X)GH�!5-2PA��ç6NL2�7o�O�0�f6_G�)��9�)Gz��2�6B��!��<2PJ� #67F@�¡�G���2��O �2�6N��7-�#7-LQ�!582 J]), #�#B�"$-�!5-2P6NL2�7o��#�n6N\M �2O��)Q�!6N12I�!582I\]2�����6B��!��),7Z+M�!�#78LR�!582OJ]), #�#B�"QGg+-7-B��!��),7F@Hmf5M�#�*����6�#7-�#7-LP9_6N12����!5-2 A��/6NL2�7o�9Q)�!2;�!2���J]),7-�!��<2I�!5M67467W6NL2�7o��2�9QJ� �)>"=�#78LQ����6.M���!��),7-6 ]JM 067-7-�#78L39Q2��!58)=.-��@*mf582 6NL2�7o�U�0��6N\M �2��)/6.-6NJ-�R��)/B�5-678L,�078LE2�7o<=���!),7-9Q2�7o�!�3�!�#7-B�2[�!582T6NL2�7j�_9�6N12��Q.82�B��#�!��),7M�P6N\]),+8�PG�+8�!+-�!2[6B��!�#),7-�67-.4B�67W6.²Ö�+M���f���!�f6B��!��),7M����G|�!582I2�7j<=���!),7M9Q2�7j�fBC5-678L2���@

%Ü7_�!5-�#�^'V)�!1�$c%�5M6�<2U\M+-�# ��H6PB�), # �2�B��!��),7�)G&6NL2�7j�!��$=JM�#���!�#78LI�!582�9æ6NL,6�#7-���k2�6B�5[)�!582���@H%Ü7�9P"3J-�!2��

½

Page 9: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

#�#9��#7-6N�!"[��2���)GH2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!��$M%n����6�07W67dA���6NL2�7j�O6NL,6�#7-�!�(6_�C67-.8),9å)JMJ�),7-2�7j��$�67-.E67-)�!582��6NL,6�#7-�!�_6:J-�!)L��69_9_2�.Ê)JMJ�),7-2�7j�4��),7824�!5M6N�QJM�#B!1=�367i6B��!��),7ÇG��!),9Ô6:��J]2�B��¢��BT��2��Q)GU9Q)><2����mf5-�0��'n6�I9_6�#7- #"Z��)4.82���2���9_�#7-2R58)�'ï'V2� 0 |�!5-23 #2�6N��7-�#78LX�!6��1E�0�U5M67-.- �2�.E\o"E�!5823�!2��#78G�)��B�2�9Q2�7o� �2�6N��7-2���@

%Q5-6�<2E\M+-�# #�R�h'V)���2��!��)G �!+-B�5ü6NL2�7j�!��$�2�6B�5§.-�¢�]2����#78LK�#7��!5-2������!2�JM�!2���2�7o�!6N�!��),7i)GO�!582d+8�!�# #���h"Gg+-7-B��!��),7F@[%Ü7K),782$�%I+-��2�.Ê6W���!67-.M6N��.Ê£(�à�!6N\M #2d��'�5-�0B�5K�#�P6W9_6N���C�¢Y/)Gf7o+-9P\]2�����$|),782_G�)�P2�6BC5���!6N��2��S6B��!��),7�JM6�����t67-.Q�#7P�!582�)�!582��>$%|+-��2�.36IB�),7-7-2�B��!��),7-�#����M ¡U7-.82����!),7F$#¾�ËÉ,Èc$ 6N�!��)�2���@ 6 @�$#¾�ËÉÃ]O�!2�J-��2���2�7j�!6N�!�#),7W)G^�!5-2R+8�!�0 #���S"[Gg+-7-B��!��),7ç��'�5-�#BC5E�#�(6X7-2�+8��6 t7-2��S'*)�!1�$]'��#�!54�!5823B�+8�!�!2�7o�(�!�!6N��2R)G�!582R'V)�C #.E6�U�!5823�#78J�+8��67-.E�!582R),+8��JM+8�U)G^�!5823782��S'*)�!1d�#���!5-2R+8�!�0 #���S"T<N6 #+82PGl)�O2�6B�5/6B��!�#),7F@Þ�Af2�L,6N�C.-�#78LQ�!582 6N\])�<2$M%n9_6N12;�!582IG�), # �)�'��#78LQB� #6�09Zý

ñRÒ�¹M¶gÑ_^a`cb ;�# ������dT��o�T� �²�C��Tl� � �,���²�� ��aefVge!�,� b �>�o �������h Z T��S ;V ����jik� b � Z � b � b fTk�l� RmR �Ü�;�,� b ����N���� R � !�Z�8J �� 4�����dTl�c�n���! �h Z T��S R��T oU B�� ��M�%Ü74�!5-�#�f�!582��!�#��$M%n��58)>' �!5-6N���!582P6N\�)�<2RB� 06�#9å�#�zÖ!+-���!���M2�.F$8\c"[���C6�#7-�#78L_67M.4��2����!�#7-L_\])�!546NL2�7j�!�6NL,6�#7-�!����J]2�B��¢��BU)J-J]),782�7o�!��@

Õ 782[J-�!)\� �2�9�'��#�!5Ê �2�6N�C7-�#78LW�07÷L,69Q2T�!582�)��"÷�#�P�!5-6N�Q67ç6NL2�7o�Q �2�6N��7-�R6NL,6�#7-�!�36d��J]2�B��¢��B�)J8�J]),782�7o��$|67-./���!� J�2���Gl)��9�67-B�2_6NL,6�#7-���;)�!582��;)J-J]),782�7o�!� �#�I7-)�;6 �'n6�"=�;�!6N�!�#�!G�6B���)�!"@:�g¡ 9Q)�!2��2�<2��!2O #�#9����!6N�!��),7F$,'(5-�#B�5X�#�k6RB�),9_9Q),7XJ-�!)\� �2�9 ��)3¡�%�$o�0�^�!5-6N�*�!582���2O6NL2�7j�!�n6N�!2O5-��L,5M �"R.-),9_6�#7.82�J]2�7-.82�7o��$H'�5-�0B�5ç9Q2�67-�R�!5-6N�Q6NL2�7j�!�3���C6�#782�.çGl)�Q6d��J]2�B��¢��B�J-�!)\M �2�9 B�67-78)�Q��), #<2T67-)�!582���!6��1K)Gf6d.-�¢�]2��!2�7o�P7-6N�!+-�!2��C@W%Ü7K�!5-�0�;�!582����#��$z% �!5-6 # k2�YcJM #)�!2��!5-�0�;�#�!��+82_)GfL2�782��C6 #�IH�6N�!��),7ç67-.���!+-.-"�58)>' 67Z6NL2�7j������6�0782�.Z6NL,6�#7-���n),782O�h"oJ]2I)Gt)JMJ�),7-2�7j�nJ]2��!G�)��9_�n6NL,6�#7-����678)�!5-2����S"cJ�2I)G)J-J]),782�7o��@

ñRÒ�¹M¶gÑ ý�p b T��� le!�� b �� 4���C�qTl�o�[���c ��M��� �,� b ��r ;�.� R �meBTl�UT��\VX�à�;�o ��� f�8�N�UTIs� 3ik� b P����-�� !�>�\Tg��dT0���t���c ��M������! O�UT0�, ��UVQ�à�_� Z � R f�kJ����C��� b U��� �N���]�����vuxw�� �ye��# ATl� R �# ��� ��M� ��\T �N�ziqJ����O� b ��me���rN Bwh�� ��M�\Tg��� !�Q�.T��{wR �# 3�4�²�� ��B|

Ã

Page 10: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

%3�!58)>'��!5-6N�_�!582E6N\�)�<2EB� #6�09é�#�UÖ!+-���!�¢��2�.Ê\c"�����6�#7-�078L:\�)�!5 �2�6N��7-�#7-L:6NL2�7o�!�[6NL,6�#7-����6KJ-�!)N�L��69_9_2�.K)J-J]),782�7o�;67-./\c":��2����!�#78LE�!582�9}6NL,6�07-��� ��67M.8),9�JM #6>"2�����@Tmf582�B� 06�#9��#�P�!+-B�5K�!5-6N�'�5-�0 �2(\])�!5Z6NL2�7o�!�f\]2�6N���!582 �C67-.8),9 )J-J]),782�7o��$-6QB�),9QJM6N��6N�!�#<2;���!+-.8"[�!58)�'��n�!5-6N�f�!582 B�),7M782�B���!��),7-�0����9Q)c.-2� &.8)c2���\]2�����2���@

Dd+- ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�k�!6��1=�k6N��2�L2�782���6 0 �"P<2���"_B�),9QJM �2�Y]@ Õ 782f #�#9����!6N�!��),73)GFA��d�#�H�!5-6N�V2�6B�5[6NL2�7j�n9R+-���2�Y=JM �)�!2O�!582I2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o���!+~}XB���2�7o�! �"��07X)�C.82�����)_6B�5-�#2�<2IL)o)=.ZJ]2��!G�)��9_67-B�2@Hmf5-�0�*69_),+-7j��)G2�Y=JM �)��6N�!��),7RL�!)�'���$j+M�!+-6 # �"I2�Y=J]),782�7o�!�#6 # �"$N'����!5R�!582�7c+-9P\�2���)G�J�),���!��\M �2*���!6N��2��H)G��!582n'V)�� 0.F@|%Ü79R+- ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�f�!6��1=��$M�!5-2 7o+-9P\]2��f)GH���!6N��2��f)G��!582;'V)�� 0.4�#7-B��!2�6�!2��f.-+82I��)_�!5-2 J-�!2���2�7MB�2 )G�)�!582��6NL2�7o�!��@ %Ü7E�!5M�#�U�!582��!�#��$��!5-�#�O #�09_���!6N�!��),7E�#��2��]2�B��!��<2� �"d�!2�9Q)�<2�.:\]2�B�6+-��23)G^�!582R��7-�#��2R7-6N�!+-�!2P)G�!582 L,69_2@

¡U78)�!582��H.-��}XB�+M ��S" 6�!�!)cB��#6N��2�.3'(���!539P+- #�!�¢�S6NL2�7j��2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o�!���#�t�!5M6N�z2�6BC5Q)GM�!5-2*6NL2�7o�!�^9_��L,5o�\]2_ �2�6N��7-�078L8@Qmf5o+M�OGl)� 2�6BC5Ê6NL2�7o��$z�!582_\]2�5-6�<=��)�I)Gn�!582Q2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o� 9_6�":\]2_.82�J]2�7-.82�7o�O),7�!�#9Q2@W%�7Ê�!�#78L, �2��S6NL2�7o�3.8),9_6�#7-��$|�!582X'V)�C #.÷�#�R6�!�!+M9Q2�.K��)d\]2_�!2� #6N�!��<2� #"KB�),7-���!67o�P)�<2��Q�!�#9Q2@mf5-�0�(2�<), #<c�#7-L47-6N�!+8�!2Q)G*�!582Q�!6��1d��6�#��2��;6Z7o+-9P\]2��I)GVJM�!)\M �2�9_��@P%Ü7:�!582_B�6��2_)GnB�)c)J�2��C6N�!�#78L6NL2�7o�!��$8B�),9_9P+M7-�#B�6N�!��),7�\�2��h'V2�2�7T6NL2�7o�!�n9_6�"_5-6><2(��)R\]2�B�6N�!���#2�.Q),+8�k��)36B�5M��2�<2(�!5-2f��7-6 -L),6 @mf582[7-6N�!+8�!2[)G��!+MB�5çB�),9_9P+M7-�#B�6N�!��),7ç9_6�"÷\�2[��):+8JF.-6N��2�)�!582��Q6NL2�7o�!�3�!2�L,6N��.-�078LW�!582TB�5M678L2�#7E�!5823������6N��2�L"W)Gk),782PJ�6N�!�!�#B�+- #6N�U6NL2�7j��@ a()>'*2�<2���$&B�),9_9R+-7-�0B�6N�!��),7d�;�0�(78)�O67:6��J]2�B��()Gk�!5-�#�'*)�!1�$��!�#7-B�2O�!582��!2P6N�!2;78)_B�)c)J]2���6N�!�#78L_6NL2�7o�!��@

¡U78)�!582��;JM�!)\M �2�9 ��6�0��2�./\c"d�!5-2_2�<), �<=�#78LW7-6N�!+-�!2Q)G�6NL2�7j�!��$H�#� �!5-6N�;)GSZ �-�# ������dT��o� '�5-6N� 'n6�6 ��!2�6.-"R �2�6N�C782�.F@Hmf5-�#���#�^\�2�B�6+M��2f�!582f)JMJ�),7-2�7j�BK �H\]2�5-6><c�#)�k9_6�"QBC5-678L2$=�#7j<N6 #�#.M6N�!�#78LUJ-�!2�<=��),+-�2�Y=J�2��C��2�7-B�2���@*%�74�!582P��2�B�),7M.W��2��()GH2�YcJ]2����#9_2�7j�!���!5M6N��%�B�6N�!����2�.W),+8��$M%�5-6><2R6.M.8�!2��!��2�.4�!5-�#��12�"�#�!��+82@O%�7E�!582���232�Y=J�2��C�#9Q2�7o�!��$]%�5-6�<2Q),7-2R6NL2�7o�  �2�6N��7-�078LX6NL,6�#7M���I678)�!582��  �2�6N��7M�#78L�6NL2�7o��@P¡U�\]2�Gl)��2$o%^5-6><2IB�6N�!����2�.X),+8�k<N6N���#6N�!�#),7-�k),7X�!5-�#�*�#.82�6;)G ���Pw� Br²�N� Z �\Tg�N� \c"_+-�!�#7-L;.-�¢�]2��!2�7o�k�!2�J-��2���2�7=�

�=�,�"%*2f5467%��:5.#�5.��53/;�354�:C&%&/9�f%�- #�!$+.��)��"!$C0�9!$#�D:5.#�%8/9+3��5�� %8546�+.��1:E$5&FB%=- #,C=+3671P%=� !'�:2t5.235.!'�:#\��54�:+.� �"%=-8("5.�:/C&+.676�?:�"!'C854� !'+3�9DP%=��),%&%&��� %85.6�67%&6tDP%=- #,6�5&F���58�f%�� +xDP%�53/"/;- %&#�#�%8/�!$�9��?;� ?"- %*),+4- �Ø

Page 11: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�!6N�!��),7-�P)Gn�!582X+-�!�# #���h"EGg+-7-B��!��),7&@X¡(L,6�#7F$z%O5M6�<2[J�2���Gl)��9_2�./��2����!�P��)E���!+-.-"d�!5-2_L2�782���6 #��H�6N�!��),7B�6NJM6N\M�0 #���S"X)GH�!+-B�5W �2�6N��782�����@

ñRÒ�¹M¶gÑ ý `cb 3���N�M�� !�>�\Tg�N�qT0�����_���j ��*�! �� R �N���²�_�à�4�C��w! fr²�� Z �\T �N�K� Z � b eC �� �S f�R� b �N�ç� b [uxwÜ� �me��# {T��{wR �# ��� ���� ��\Tg�� @�8)�V�!582�6N\])><2UB� #6�#9Z$,6 �!2��^)GF.-�¢�]2��!2�7j�^�!����6N��2�L,��2��^G�)�VBC58)c),�!�#78L 6B��!��),7M�k6N�!2f.82���782�._67-._+M��2�.3��)9Q2�6�!+-�!2 J]2��!G�)��9_67-B�2@nmf5-�#���0����)�)�<2���B�),9Q236� #�#9����!6N�!��),7T�!5-6N�U6N���#��2��f.M+82 ��)��!5-2I��7-����2 7M6N�!+8�!2)G��!582 L,69Q2@�b=�07-B�2I�!582���2R������6N��2�L,��2��U6�#9å6N�U�#7j����)c.-+MB��#78L39Q)�!2;�C67-.8),9_782�����$8�!582;B� #6�09åB�67W\]2Ö!+-���!�¢�M2�.[\c"ZB�),9QJM6N���#7-LR�!5-2 J]2��!Gl)�C9_67-B�2���)Gz\])�!546NL2�7j�!�U+-�!�078LP�!5-2;6N\])><2P�!����6N��2�L,��2���@

¡û9_6�ÖÜ)�U.-��}XB�+M ��S"�6����)cB��06N��2�.4'����!5ZA(�÷�#7Z9R+- ��!���S6NL2�7j�f.8),9�6�#7-���#���!5M6N�f)Gz.M�#��������\�+8�!�#78L;B���2�.-���G�)��L),6 #���!5-6N�(6N�!2P6B�5-��2�<2�.E\c"T6NL2�7o�!�O�#7Z6_L��),+8J&@Vm�582��!2;6N�!2;�S'*)[�!�09QJM �2I6NJ-J-��),6B�582���Gl)�(�!5-�#�J-�!)\� �2�9Zý��#7[),782$=�!582I6NL2�7j��J]2��!G�)��9_�#7-L;�!582U��7-6 �6B��!��),7Z�#�*L,��<2�7[�!582IB��!2�.M����$867-.T�#7[�!582()�!5-2���$B��!2�.-�#�k�#�k.M�#��������\�+8��2�.3��);2�<2��!"),7-2O�07Q�!582�L��),+8J&@�%�7��!5-�#�k�!582��!�#��$c�!�#7-B�2��!582��!2(6N��2�),7- �"3�h'V)36NL2�7j�!��#7o<), �<2�.E%�5-6�<2QBC58),��2�7d��)Z6�!�!��L,7dB��!2�.-���(��)T\�)�!5d6NL2�7o�!��$&.82�J]2�7-.-�#7-LQ),7E'(5-�#B�5E6NL2�7j� �0�f\]2��#78L�!58)�_6N��@Çmf5-2��!2Z�#�367i6.-.82�.ç�!2��#7-Gl)��B�2�9_2�7j�QG�)�_6B�5-�#2�<c�#7-Ld�!5-2T��7-6 *L),6 ;�g� @ 2@�$*��)K�!58)c)�Q�!582)J-J]),782�7o�fB�),9QJM �2���2� #"X),+8��)G|�!582P��1o"-�C@

%Ü74�!582PGl), # #)>'��#7-L_��2�B��!��),7F$�%�.-�#�!B�+-�����!2��#78G�)��B�2�9Q2�7o�( #2�6N��7-�#78L8$-6N���!�¢��B��#6 |782�+8��6 &7-2��S'*)�!1c�U67-.d�#�Ü��!+82��R�#7o<), �<=�#78L4JM 067-7-�#78L4�07÷9Q)�!2T.82��!6�# à@dbc2�B��!��),7ÇÃZJM�!2���2�7o�!�P�!5-2X��+M �2�� )G��!582[L,69Q2Z+-��2�.Ê�#7J]2��!G�)��9_�#78L��!582n2�YcJ]2����#9_2�7j�!��$6 �),7-L('��#�!5;2�Y=JM #67-6N�!�#),7-�|67M.R�0 # #+-�����C6N�!��),7-��@zb=2�B��!��),7 Ø ���!6N���!��'����!5�!58236NJ-J-�!),6BC582��I67-.:9Q2��!58)=.8), �)L"W2�9QJM �)�"2�./�#7W�!5M�#���!5-2��!�#��$]67-.E��7-�#��582��f'��#�!5E6TB�), # �2�B��!�#),7E)G�!2��!+M ��!�V67M.X67-6 #"c�!�0�k)G&�!5-2(2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!��@�%�7[�!582O #6���*�S'*)Q��2�B��!��),7-��$c%V.82��!B�����\]2f��2���2�6N��B�5T��2� #6N��2�.��)_�!5-�0�n�!582��!�#�f67M.Z�!582O��7-6 FB�),7MB� #+-�!��),7M��67-.4.-�#��B�+-�!�!��),7M��@

Û

Page 12: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

� � � ��� ø�ú ¦ ù ¨� %Ü7E�!5M�#�OB�5-6NJ-��2��;%�J-�!)�<c�0.82P\�6B!1cL�!),+-7-./9_6N��2��C�#6 zGl)� 9P"W'*)�!1�@;%Ü7E�!5-2P�������O��2�B��!��),7F$&%(L,��<2Q67�#7o���!)=.-+-B��!��),7X��)QAf2��#78G�)��B�2�9Q2�7o�n�&2�6N��7-�078L8@Hmf5-�#�*9_6B�5M�#782O �2�6N��7-�#7-L;��2�B�5M7-�#�c+82$=JM6N�!�!�#B�+- 06N�� �"3�!582£(�S �2�6N�C7-�#78L�6 #L)�����!5-9Z$�5-6�U\]2�2�7E�!5-)>'�7E��)X'*)�!14'*2� # |Gl)�O6[B� #6�!�()G^�!)\])�Ü�S �2�6N��7-�078L_J-�!)\� �2�9_��@%Ü73�!582f��2�B�),7-._�!2�B��!��),7Q%tL,�#<2f6O\-����2�G�),+8�! #�#782*),7_782�+-��6 =782��S'*)�!1=��@H�z�07-6 # �"$%|J-�!2���2�7o�^��),9Q2f�#���!+82��),7ZJM 067-7-�#78LR�!5-6N�f��2� #6N��2 ��)�9P"X'*)�!1�@

�*�0� ���q�0���&���m�~�q ¡�q��¢¤£��q¥¦�y���0��§Af2��078Gl)�CB�2�9Q2�7j�z�&2�6N��7M�#78LP�gA(�z�t�#�t6(Gl)�C9â)GMm|2�9QJ])��6 j?O�¢�]2��!2�7-B�2* �2�6N��7-�078LlM b=+8����),7&$#¾�ËÉÉ�OoG�)���!���Ü�+-6N�!��),7M�H�#7j<), #<c�#7-LO6NL2�7o�!�V2�YcJM #)���#78LO.8),9_6�#7M��@|%Ü73�!582�B� 06�!�!�#B�6 8A(�W��2����!�#7-L8$,�!582�6NL2�7o�k)�k #2�6N��782��J]2���B�2���<2��H�!5-2f���!6N��2�)G��!582f'*)�� #.F$J]2��!G�)��9_�H67�6B��!��),7QG��!),9 6 ��2��H)GF6><²6�# 06N\M �2�6B��!��),7-��$cB�5-67-L,�#78L�!582��!�!6N��2@[?O+8���078LT�!5-�#�OJ-�!)=B�2��!�;�!582_6NL2�7j�R�!2�B�2���<2��;�!2�'n6N��.-� 67-.KJM+-7-�#��5-9Q2�7o�!�U.-2�J�2�7M.-�#78L[),7�!582R6B��!��),7WBC58),��2�7F@�A��Ê��2�B�5M7-�#�c+82���5-6><2P\]2�2�74+M��2�.W�#7W6�7c+-9;\]2��f)G�2�6N�� #"T¡(%���"=����2�9_�U�!+-B�5E6�

í�¶�»�´|°²Ðæ¬q^©¨ ªh±M°NÑ÷¹�ÒZÑ÷±F³zÐcÒ[±«ªE¹æÒlÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�Ð=®¦¬t¶�°�±�®|ÑÊÐ=®�¯]^�¯:­tÐû¹-»MÐ=®�¯ü°²Ðcµ,Ðc¶�¬�Ðo䧹³zÐoä�µj°²¶�Ï|¯�¶�±�®Ç±«ªn¯"­tÐZÐ=®¦¬t¶�°�±�®|ÑÊÐ=®�¯]®tä�Ð=Ò�Ðoµ¯�äR¹�®�¹-µ¯�¶�±�®Ç¯"­t¹-¯Pµ�­t¹M®|»MÐcäR¯"­|ÐZÐc®¦¬t¶�°²±�®zÑ÷Ð=®�¯¹M®|³ ¯:­tÐ=®i°²ÐoµjÐc¶�¬�Ðcä�°²Ð=¶�®�ªS±�°�µjÐcÑÊÐc®�¯�äQ¯|¹Mä�Ðo³§±�® ¯"­|ÐW¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®�°

Á

Page 13: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐÊ·,^g¨T®rÐoÎ&¹MÑÊÏzÒ�Ð:±qªI¹�±[ìïÏ|°²±q¯�Ò�ÐcÑ_^a²�®§¯"­|ÐKÒ�ÐyªS¯Z¶�äX¯"­|д³z»�´t°²ÐK°²ÐoÏz°²Ðoä�Ð=®�¯�¶g®|»¯"­|ÐXÏk±Mä�ä>¶k¯�Ò�Ð[ä�¯>¹8¯>Ðcä ±qªV¯"­|ÐQµ3±M°NÒ�³�®&¯:­tÐ[¹-µ¯�¶�±�®tä;¯"­tÐ[¹-»�Ðc®�¯PÑʹy¶d¯�¹-ºMÐX¯>±:Ñ÷±�¬�Ð[¹-°²±�´z®t³¶g®ê¯"­|ÐÇÐc®¦¬t¶�°²±�®zÑ÷Ð=®�¯:¹M®t³ ¯"­tÐ °�Ð=¶g®cªh±M°²µ,ÐcÑÊÐ=®�¯dä>¶�»�®t¹MÒ�äP°·²�®û¯"­|ÐÇ°N¶l»¦­�¯K¶läd¯"­|Ð�³�»�´|°�л�¶�¬t¶g®|»Z±�®|Ð_±MÏ|¯�¶gÑ÷¹�ÒFÏ^±�Òg¶�µP¶�ªh´z®tµ,¯�¶�±�®´ªh±M°I¯"­|ÐQÏz°�±«¯zÒ�Ð=Ѹ°º¹l­|ÐQ±MÏ|¯�¶gÑʹMÒFÏ^±�Ò�¶�µP¶�ªh´z®|µ¯�¶�±�®ä;­|±�´zÒ�³§¹Mµ:­z¶�Ðm¬�ÐW¯"­|Ð:Ñ÷¹8Ît¶gÑ/´zÑ׳z¶�ä�µj±�´z®�¯>Ðo³»ª�´&¯�´|°²ÐW°²Ðmµ3¹-°²³�°b=69R+82� �K �¼M¢¾�Ë Û Ë"O�B�582�B�12��OJM #6�"=�#78L3J-��)L��69å67-.4a(), # #67M.�K ��M¢¾�ËÉÁ"Oz\�+-B!12��Ü�à\-�C��L,6.82 6 �L)���#�!5-9Z@����L,+8�!2ʾ4L,��<2��[6÷G�)��9_6 (.82��!B����#J-�!��),7�)G 6K��2�6B��!��<2d #2�6N��7-�#78LK6NL2�7o�T'����!5i6Ê.82�B��#�!�#),7 9_6N1=�#78LB�6NJM6N\M�0 #���S"E�#7:6X'*)�� #.d�!5-6N� �0�(��2�J-�!2���2�7o��2�./6�I6Z��2��I)GV�!�!6N��2���@R����L,+-�!2 ½ ��58)>'��I67:2�Y869QJM #2R)G67÷A(�iJ-��)\M �2�9��#7:'�5M�#B�5/�!5-2Q'V)�� 0.K�#� 6ZL�C�#.:)G��!�o+M6N�!2���$t67-.÷�!582QJ]),�!�!��\� �2Q6B��!��),7-�IG�)�;2�6BC5���!6N��2R6N�!2;�!58)�'�7W6 #),78LQ'����!5Z�!5-2 �!2�'n6N��.ZG�)��2�6B�5d6B��!��),7F@*mf582;�!�!6N��2���)G��!582;6NL2�7o�(B�)���!2���J]),7-.��)W�!5-2� �)=B�6N�!��),7/)G��!582�6NL2�7o�P�07/�!582_L���0.F$t67-.Ê6B��!��),7-�;6N��2�9Q)><2��Z�g6�P�!58)>'(7K\c"E�!582[6N�!�!)�'��C�B�)�!�!2��!J�),7M.-�#78LZ��):9Q)><=�#78LE��)d6.NÖ�6B�2�7o�Q�!�o+M6N�!2��;�#7÷�!582[L���#.K)�3���!6>"c�#7-LE�#7Ê6WJM6N���!�#B�+- #6N�;�!�!6N��2@mf582 6NL2�7o�(5M6����)� �2�6N��74��)_�!2�6B�5W�!582 �!�c+-6N�!2;9�6N�!12�.�½ Gl�!),9ÿ67o"T)�!582��(���o+-6N��2@

mf582T6NL2�7o�BK �Q�!6��1÷�#�P��)/ �2�6N��7�6EJ�), 0�#B�"/�!5-6N�3L,��<2��R�!582[\�2��!�R6B��!��),7Ç6><²6�0 #6N\M �2X��)d�!5-2[6NL2�7o�_�#767o"QL,��<2�7����!6N��2@Vmf582f6NL2�7o�V2�Y=JM �)�!2��k�!582f2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o�k����)=B�5-6�!�!�#B�6 # �"�ý|�!5-2(6NL2�7o�VJ]2���B�2���<2��k�!582'*)�� #.F$oJM�#B!1=�k67[6B��!��),7T����)=B�5-6�!�!�#B�6 # �"Q\M6�!2�._),7[���!�kJM�!2�.-�#B���2�.�<²6 #+-2���$o67-.XJ]2��!G�)��9_�H�!582UB�58),�!2�76B��!��),7F$8BC5-678L,�#78LP�!582O���!6N��2()Gt�!582('*)�� #.&@zmf5-2(6NL2�7o�n6 0��)P��2�B�2���<2��*�!2�'*6N�C.-�k)�*JM+-7M�#�!5-9Q2�7o�!�HG�)��!582���2P6B��!��),7-��$M67M.T������2�����)� #2�6N��7Z�!582nWÜ\]2�����Y_6B��!�#),74J]),�!�!��\� �2(G�)��67o"TL,��<2�74���!6N��2@

È

Page 14: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

%Ü7X�!5M�#�k'*)�!1X%V5-6><2OB�),78��782�.T9;"=��2� �Gt��)X£(�S �2�6N��7-�078LXM �K6N��1=�#7-��$#¾�ËÉËPOà@ 2� �)>';$8%^J-�!2���2�7o��639_6N�!5=�2�9_6N�!�#B�6 ]G�)��9R+- #6N�!��),7X)Gz£(�S #2�6N��7-�#78L8$c'�5-�0B�5[+-��2��*�!582O�#.82�6P)G|6R.-�#�!B�),+-7o��2�.TB�+-9R+- #6N�!��<2U�!2�'n6N��.F@mf582P�!6��14)GH�!58236NL2�7o�O�0�f��)T �2�6N��7d6�9_6NJ-J��#78L_G�)�(2�6BC5¿¾�ÀÂÁÇ��)Z��),9_2lÃnÀ´ÄP$�'(582��!2�Á �#�(�!582��2��()G^.-�#���!�#7MB��f���!6N��2��O�#74�!582P2�7j<=���!),7M9Q2�7j�(67-.¤Äï�#���!582P�!2���)G^6B��!��),7-�U6�<N6�# #6N\� �2 ��)��!5-2P6NL2�7o��@b=+-BC5K649_6NJMJM�#78L8$cŧýcÁÇÆÈÄP$|�#�;B�6 # �2�.K6ZJ]), #�0B�"@_¡ �PT0����� Z �M�S ��/� Z � Z �I��\TkrN g�! ������� G�+M7-B��!��),7.82���7-2�.Z6��ý

É�Ê���¾;Ëh�@ÌÎÍÏÐ Ñ ��ÒÐÓ Ë>Ô �

L,��<2��n63B�+-9R+- #6N�!��<2U�!2�'n6N��.�<N6 #+82UG�)�*G�), # �)�'��#78L;�!582OJ�), 0�#B�"ÅWG��!),9 67j"X���!6N��2¼¾ºÀvÁn@^mf582O6N\�)�<2Gg+-7-B��!��),73�����#2��H��) J-�!2�.M�#B��H�!582�.-�0�!B�),+-7o��2�.QB�+-9P+M #6N�!��<2f�!2�'n6N��.Q��2��!+- ��!�#7-LUG��!),9 67o"36B��!��),7F@H%Ü7Q�!5826N\])><2;.-2���7-���!��),7&$ Ó Ë>Ô � �#�n�!582I�!2�'n6N��.Z)\-�!6�0782�.46N�f�!582ºÕ�ÖÙ¾ Ë�× �!�09Q2I����2�J&$M���!6N���!�#78LQG��!),9å���!6N��2l¾6N�I�!�#9Q2�ÕU67-.:Gl), 0 �)>'��078LX�!5-2QJ�), 0�#B�"¤Å�$F'�582���23Ý�Ø Ò�Ù ¾Q�#�O6ZB�),7-���!67o�;.-�#��B�),+-7j�OGg6B���)��@3mf5826NL2�7o�BK �(J]), #�0B�"[�#����)[9�6²Y=�#9��IH�2 �!582;6N\])�<2PGg+-7-B��!��),7WGl)�U6 # t�!�!6N��2��S¾;ËÜ@(b=+-BC5W6_J]), #�0B�"[�#���!2�G�2��!�!2�.��)�6�(67 � R �\T��Q�N� R �N�jT �BV 67M.4�#��.82�78)��2�.�Å�Ú�@mf582d<N6 #+82W)G Ò �#�[B�58),��2�7§��)Ç #��2E\]2��S'*2�2�7rÝÊ67-.ê¾N@ïmf5-�0���#�T.8),782d9_6�#7- #"Ç\�2�B�6+M��2d�!2����!�#78L

Ò Ì�ÝZ'*),+- #./B�)�!��2���J]),7-./��)W64�����!+-6N�!��),7:'�5-2��!2Q�!582_Gg+8�!+8�!23�!2�'n6N��.-�;6N�!2���L,78)��2�.F$t67-.K�!2����!�#78LÒ Ìï¾I'V),+M #.Z9Q2�674�!5M6N����), #+8�!�#),7-��.-�¢�]2����#78L3�#7Z �2�7-L�!5Z\M+8�f �2�6.M�#78L3��)_�!582;��69Q2IL),6 &'*),+- #.Z\]2B�),7-�!�0.82��!2�.42��c+-��<N6 �2�7o��@�¡ê<²6 #+-2;)G Ò Ì`¾;6 #��)[9_6N12��U�!582P #2�6N��7-�#78LQ�C+- �2;�!�09QJM �2@ "46.²Ö�+M���!�#78L�!582 <N6 #+82O)G Ò '*2;B�67E6�!�!��L,745M��L,582���<N6 #+82��n��)_J]), #�#B��#2��n�!5-6N��6B�5M��2�<2 �!2�'n6N��.-�f�!)o),782��>@%Ü7[£(�S �2�6N�C7-�#78L8$o�!582�J]), #�#B�"Q�#�V�#9QJM #2�9Q2�7j��2�.�+-�!�#78LP6P+8�!�0 #���S"RGg+-7-B��!��),7F$zÛêýyÁvÜÄÝÆßÞO$c�!5-6N�*L,��<2��637o+M9Q2����#B(<²6 0+82I�#7��!5-2U��2�6 F.8),9_6�#7[G�)�*2�6BC5W���!6N��2��S6B��!�#),74JM6���>@�m�582��!2�G�)�!2$=�!582I6NL2�7j�BK ��J�), 0�#B�"6N�f�!�#9_2I���#�nL,��<2�7W\o"$

ÅdË���¾N�@̻à àvÛºË���¾má�Ã8��ÌÙ9_6²Yt� ÛSË!��¾má8â]���vã«â¤À¤ÄÉ

Page 15: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

äPå�æ�çyè"éyê~ë�ì íLîSï.ð:îlÛAñ�òPçmójô"îfõxö�ê]÷�î3ò:î�÷Iø�õ8ï&ç"ï&î3ñ�ç:ùfï4ì ê~èûú:çmìU÷ü~å�ýºþ;õ�î�÷Iò�îºï3ð"î�ù�ôy÷ ÷>î�è;ïxõ8ï8ç"ï=î�ÿ0¾�� ����� ��~å�*ð"ê�ê�õ�î¼çyè{ç:ùfï.ì ê~èXÿ à � õ8ï=ê�ù�ð:ç"õ8ï.ì ùLçyó$ó ø å��� PîBù�ô;ï&î�ï3ð"î�ç:ùfï4ì ê~è� å�ýºþ;õ�î�÷Iò�îºï3ð"îè:î�� õ8ï8ç;ï&î�çyè"éûï.ð:î÷>î���ç�÷>é�ÿ0¾������ çyè"é Ó ��~å��tú]éyç"ï&îSï.ð:îlÛAñ�òPçyó$ô"îAö�ê]÷�ï3ð"îSõ8ï8ç;ï&î3ñ�ç:ùfï4ì ê~ègú�çmìj÷�ÿ0¾�� ����� á�à � ô"õfìjè��ï.ð:î�ù�ôm÷ ÷�î�è;ïxõ8ï&ç"ï&î¼çyè"é¤ô;ï.ìjó'ì ï\øö&ômè:ùfï4ì ê~èï=êXç�÷ ÷�ì ò:î{ç;ï9çyèîfõ8ï.ìjëAç"ï&î¼ê:ö�ï3ð"î{î� �ú]îBùfï&îBé�ô;ï.ìjó$ì ï\ø{ö\êm÷�ï8ç��:ìjè��[ç:ùfï4ì ê~èQÃvìjèQ¾ � ������� çyè:éôyú]éyç"ï&îSï.ð:î ��ñ�ò�çyójô"îSö�ê]÷n��¾�� ���!� á�Ã=�Sô;õfìjè��ï.ð:îômú]é�ç"ï4ìUè��[÷ ômó îPå" å#�ê�ï=êõ8ï&î�ú{ü

¹*¹d¯zÒ�Ðç¬d^l¹{­|ÐWä�¯>ÐcÏzäQªS±�Ò�Ò�±�µ3Ðo³Ù¶g® ¹%$'&CÒ�Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»÷¹MÒ�»M±M°N¶l¯"­zÑ�Ù582�7:B�)�!�!2�B���$�Û���¾]á�Ã8�C$&�o+M67j�!�¢��2��U6 0 t�!2� #2�<²67o�I�#78G�)��9_6N�!��),7F$]78)�U),7- �"W6N\]),+8�U�!582Q���!6N��2��S6B��!��),7JM6���>$c\�+8�f6 #��)_6 # &G�+8�!+-�!2IB�),7-��2��c+82�7-B�2��f)GHBC58)o),���#78LQ�!582 6B��!��),7E6=@

mf582Q����2�J��O)Gk�!582�£(�S �2�6N�C7-�#78L[6 �L)�����!5-9 6N�!2QL,�#<2�7/�#7:m|6N\M #2[¾N@3mt)Z �2�6N�C7E�!5-2_+8�!�# #���h"ZG�+M7-B��!��),7F$�!582;6NL2�7o�!�O���!6N�!�!�(),+8�f'��#�!546_��67M.8),9_�IH�2�.4+-�!�# #���h"�Gg+-7-B��!��),7467M.4L)c2����!58��),+8L,54����2�JM� ½ � Û �07Z�!5826 �L)���#�!5-9Z@�?U+-���#78LO �2�6N��7-�078L8$�!582f6B��!+-6 -.-2�B��#�!��),739_6N1=�#78L_�g����2�JXÃ,�H�#�H.8),782�����)=B�5-6�!�!�#B�6 # �"$j+M�!�#78L64JM�!)\M6N\M�# 0���S"W.M�#��������\�+8�!��),7dG�+M7-B��!��),7/�!5-6N�R6�!�!��L,7M� 5-��L,582��;'V2���L,5o�!�PGl)�R6B��!��),7-� '(���!5K5-��L,5-2��R£(�<N6 #+82���@Hmf582f+-J].M6N��2���) �!582�+8�!�0 #���S"PG�+M7-B��!��),7_�#�k.8),782�\c"3B�),9_JM6N���#78L 6 J-�!2�.-�#B���2�._�!2�'*6N�C.Q<²6 0+82���)67Z2����!�09_6N��2I)G��!582I����+82O�!2�'n6N��.Z\M6�!2�.T),7Z�!582 6B��!+-6 t�!2�'*6N�C.T)\-�!6�#782�.F@^m�582O2����!�#9_6N��2�.E+8�!�# #���h"�#�nL,��<2�7W\o"$

(Û���¾LË&á�ÃyËh��Ì Ó Ë«Ö Ò Ü49_6²Y*):Û_��¾;Ë>Ô � á8â]�.á=ã«âvÀ¤Ä +'�582���2�Û���¾ Ë á�Ã Ë �*�#�n�!582 B�+-�!�!2�7o�*JM�!2�.-�#B���2�.Z+8�!�0 #���S"�<²6 #+-2UG�)��63JM6N���!�#B�+- #6N�����!6N��2l¾ Ë 67-.Z6B��!��),7nÃ Ë @mf5-�0���#�n�!582�74+-�!2�.Z��)�+8JF.-6N��2O�!582;+-�!�# #���h"�Gg+-7-B��!��),7Z+-���#78L8ý

Ë

Page 16: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

Û���¾LË8á�ÃyËh�-, Û���¾LË8á�ÃyËh��Ö/.�Ü0) (Û_��¾;Ë8á�ÃyËh�21 Û_��¾;Ë&á�ÃmËh�3+'�582���24.ï�#�_6K �2�6N�C7-�#78L:��6N��2EJM6N��69Q2���2���@Ù¡ �)>'�<²6 0+82Z)G5.å��2@ L8@ÙÝ=@#¾>�_B�)�!�!2���J]),7-.M�Q��)÷�! �)�' �2�6N��7M�#78L8@nmf582;6N\])><23�#�f6B��!+M6 # �"Z6_L2�782��C6 |B� #6���f)G^ �2�6N��7M�#78LQ��+- #2���$8'�5-�#BC5W6�!��+-9Q2�� Ó Ëk�#��6�),782�!�#9Q2��S�!��2�J_�!2�'n6N��.F@�¡ü9Q)��2fB�),9QJM �2�YR��+- �2nB�67_6 #��)I\]2�.82����#<2�.R+M�!�#78LO67 �dwh���S RP�!2�'n6N��.3G�+M7-B��!��),7F$'�5-�0B�5:'*),+- #.KB�)�!��2���J]),7-./��)4�!582��!2�'*6N�C./\]2��#78LZ)\-�!6�#7-2�.K6NGl��2��76Ç�!�#9Q2��!��2�JM� 6NG���2��P�!582X6B��!��),7'n6�IJ]2��!Gl)�C9Q2�.F@3�8)�P #6N��L286H$&�!582_6NL2�7o�;'n6���!�IG�)�I�!582_Gg+8�!+8�!23��)4+-78G�), #.d\]2�Gl)��2_+8JF.-6N�!�#78L[�!582£(�à<N6 #+82���@@�K6N��1=�#7-�{M¢¾�ËÉË"Oz5-6���!58)>'(7F$-�#7T�!582; 0�#9_����$c�!5-�#��'(�# # �B�),7j<2��!L2R��)_�!582;)J-�!�#9_6 ]J]), #�#B�"@%����#�QL2�782��C6 # �"�.-��}XB�+- #�P��)ç �2�6N��7Ç�!582W�!6N�!L2���Gg+-7-B��!��),7 6B�B�+8��6N��2� �"Ç67-.i9_),���� �2�6N��7M�#78L/6NL2�7j�!�),7- �"E6NJ-J-�!)>Y=�#9�6N��2Q�!5823G�+-7MB��!��),7d�!5-6N� �#�O\]2��#78LT �2�6N��782�.&@ %�7÷£U�S �2�6N��7-�#7-L8$��!5-2R�!6�!1d�#�I���#9_�# #6N�(��)Gg+-7-B��!��),7Z6NJ-JM�!)�Y8�#9_6N�!��),7TJM�!)\M �2�9_��$c\�+8�f.-�¢�]2������#7Z6QG�2�'â'n6�"=��@

¾N@ ` �� R �P�&�N�&�L�� ���T��@�²�C�.T���-�� ��M� M b=+8����),7&$#¾�ËÉ Ø O-�&�!582( �2�6N��7-�#7-L(��+M �2��#�H\M6��2�._),7Q�!2�'n6N��.Q<N6 #+82��JM�!)><=�#.82�.d)><2��P�!�#9Q2Q67-./.8)c2��I78)� +-�!2Z�g�078JM+8��$ ),+8��J�+8�C��J�6�����O6� 9Q),���OGg+-7-B��!��),7:6NJ-JM�!)�Y8�¢�9�6N�!��),7Z�!6��1=��.8)8@Vmf582 6NL2�7o�(5-6����)X.82���2���9_�#7-2U'(5-�#B�5T)G��!582P6B��!��),7-�f �2�.4��)_�!582I�!2�'n6N��.F@

½ @:9<;3R �����8��\T �N� �z�07�A��d�!582U6NL2�7j��B�),7o���!), #�V�!582(.M�#��������\�+8�!��),73)GF����6�#7M�#78LI2�Y869QJM �2��V\o"_BC58)c),�Ü��078LQ6R�!2��o+82�7MB�2I)G|6B��!��),7-��@^mf5-�#�n9Q2�67-�n�!5M6N���!582I6NL2�7j�fGg6B�2��f6R����6.82��à)N�:\]2��S'*2�2�7Z2�Y=JM �)N��C6N�!��),7Q)GF+-781=78)>'(7R�!�!6N��2��U�g�#7Q67�6N����2�9QJ-�k��);L,6N�!582��V9Q)��2f�#78G�)��9_6N�!��),7��|67-._2�YcJM #),���!6N�!��),7)GH1=78)�'�7Z),782��3�g�#7467E6N����2�9QJ-����)[9_6²Y8�#9_�IH�2I�!582RB�+-9R+- #6N�!��<2 ��2�'*6N��.W'����!5T'�5M6N��2�<2��(2�Yc�J]2����#2�7-B�2 ����5-6�fL,6�0782�.��

Ãc@:= �����\T\�N���UVd�me��� f�3r:�ye��# Q��� ��S �� �f�!582_6NL2�7o� G�6B�2��;9_67j"dJ-��6B��!�0B�6 H #�#9_���!6N�!�#),7-��),7-2Q)Gk'�5-�0B�5�0�;�!5-6N�3�!582T6B��!+-6 n���!6N��2T)Gf�!582['*)�� #.÷9�6�"Ê7-)�P\]2�2�7o�!���!2� #"/)\M��2��!<N6N\M �2@d�8)�Q2�Y=69_JM �2$67Z6NL2�7o�n���!"=�#78LR��)RJ� #6�"��!)cB�B�2��¼M b=6 0+-����)>'(�#BfH$#¾�ËËÉ�OF5-6�n6�Y #�#9_����2�.X<=�#�!��),7dYP67-.X'V),+- 0.X\]26N\� �2I��)���2�2 ),7M �"X�!5-2 ��)cB�B�2����M2� #.Z�#7TG��!),7o��@

¾�Ý

Page 17: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

����L,+8�!2[Ã4�# # 0+-������6N��2��I�!5-2X�#.82�64)G(£(�S �2�6N��7-�078L4+-�!�#7-LZ�!582�2�Y869QJM �2�'V)�� 0.÷.82��!B��C��\]2�.:2�6N�� #��2���@Z¡U�\]2�Gl)��2$,�!582f�!�c+-6N�!2��HG�)��9 6 L���#.Q67-.Q67_6N���!)>'ü�!2�J-�!2���2�7o�!�^6I9Q)�<2�G��!),9ï),782f���o+-6N��2���) �!582�782�Y=��@mf582O��L,+8�!2I),7Z�!582P �2�Gl��L,�#<2��f�!582 ���!6N��2P�!582;6NL2�7o�(�#��B�+8�!�!2�7o�! �"X�07K�g9_6N�!12�.4\c"?>Q�C$M67M.4��),9Q2 )G�!582U�#7j�!�06 82����!�#9_6N��2�.aÛ¤<²6 0+82���@Hmf582���L,+8�!2f),7X�!582��C��L,5j�V�!58)>'(�^�!582UB�5-678L2O�#7��!582SÛâ<²6 0+82�6NG���2���!582_6NL2�7o�;9Q)�<2�.K),782_����2�J÷��)>'n6N��.-�;�#�!�O����L,5o��$&)\-�!6�#7-�078L[6T��2�'*6N��.K<²6 #+-2R)GnÝ=$|67M.:)\M��2��!<=�#78L���!��JM�!2���2�7o�f���!6N��2@

bc2�<2���6 F6NJMJ-�!),6B�5-2��n��)R�!5-2O�09QJM �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7[)G&�!582OJ]), #�#B�"QGg+-7-B��!�#),7[5M6�<2I\]2�2�7T���!+-.-��2�.&@|%Ü7[�!5-�#��!582��!�0��$]%�+-��23\])�!5:6[�!�!67-.-6N��.K£(�à�!6N\M #2R67-.:6TB�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#���I782�+8�C6 |782��h'V)��1 M ¡U7-.82�����),7&$#¾�ËÉ,È=$ 6N�!��)�2���@ 6 à@�$#¾�ËÉÃPOà@�%Ü7��!582UB�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#���V9_)c.82� à$j�!582O�#78JM+-�H��)P�!582O782��h'V)�!1X�#�^�!582OB�+8�!��2�7j�*���!6N��2)G^�!582P'V)�C #.F$�67M.W�!582P),+8��JM+8�()G^�!5823782��S'*)�!14'*),+- #.W\]2;�!582R+8�!�# #���h"T<²6 #+-2;G�)�(2�6BC5/6B��!��),7F@�%Ü7B�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#����£(�S �2�6N��7-�078L8$j�!582O �2�6N��7-2��*9_6>"_\]2U6N\� �2���)R�!2�J-�!2��!2�7j�*�!582U2�7j�!����2(�!6N\M #2�'����!5[6R9P+-BC5�!9_6 0 �2��z�!2��|)G�JM6N��69Q2���2�����@zmf5M�#�t'*),+- #.;\]2*582� #J-G�+M ,�#7R�!���!+-6N�!��),7M�t'�5-2��!2V��2�J-�!2���2�7o�!�#78LU6(B�),9QJ� �2���2£(�àGg+-7-B��!��),74'V),+- 0.T\�2P��JM6B�2;�#7o��2�7-�!�#<2@Va()>'*2�<2���$F6_B�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#����9Q)=.82� &�0�f78)�fL,+-6N�C67j��2�2�.E��)

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐiÌ�^¿¨T®êÐjÎ&¹MÑÊÏ�ÒlÐ�±«ªR¹�®û´|Ï^³z¹8¯>Ðç¯>±Ù¹@$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|ÐDZqª3¹ ä�¯�¹8¯>Ð�&�¹-µ¯�¶�±�®ûÏz¹M¶�°´¯|¹Mä�Ðo³±�®¤¯"­|Ð÷¶g®|¶l¯�¶�¹MÒ(ä�¯>¹-¯>Ðq®�¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®¤¯>¹-ºMÐ=®�®n°²ÐyµR¹-°²³¤±«¯|ä>Ðo°"¬�Ðc³ ¹�®t³¤¯"­tÐÊ°�Ðcä>´zÒl¯�¶g®t»iä�¯>¹8¯>Ы°d­�®¯"­|Ða³�»�´|°�ÐE±�®Ç¯:­tÐWÒ�Ð�ªà¯]®z¯"­|Ð4ä�¯>¹-¯>Ð4±qªf¯"­tÐW°�±«¯^±-¯û¨ ¶läQä"­t±�µX® ¹MÒ�±�®|»A&�µX¶l¯"­Çä>±�ÑÊÐW¶g®|¶l¯�¶�¹MÒÐcä�¯�¶gÑ÷¹-¯>ÐK±qª;¯"­|ÐB$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tЫ°¿¨gªS¯>Ðc°DC&Ñʱy¬t¶g®|»A&�°N¶�»«­�¯�CFE&³�»�´|°²Ð÷±�®¤¯"­|Ð÷°N¶�»«­�¯HG�¯:­tÐʹ-»MÐ=®�¯´|Ï^³|¹-¯>Ðoä_¯"­tÐI$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐvªS±�°X¯:­t¹8¯Xä�¯>¹8¯>Ð�&�¹-µ¯²¶l±�® Ïz¹M¶�°y®^¹dªà¯>Ðc°�°²Ðcµ,Ðc¶�¬t¶g®|»/JjÐo°²±Ê°²ÐyµR¹-°²³§¹M®t³±q¯zä�Ðc°;¬t¶g®|»÷¯:­tÐd®tÐyµ}ä�¯>¹-¯>Ðq° Ò ¶�ä_¹-ä�ä>´zÑÊÐo³ ¯>±Â¯^Ð0K�°#ò

¾¾

Page 18: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐEãc^¼¨MLEÐc´|°²¹MÒV®|Ðo¯.µ3±M°²ºi¶gÑ÷Ï�Ò�ÐcÑÊÐc®�¯�¹8¯�¶�±�®�±«ª�¹%$'&4ªh´z®|µ¯�¶�±�®�^¼¹l­|ÐE¶g®|Ïz´t¯_¯>±K¯"­tЮ|Ðj¯3µR±�°�ºd¶�ä(¹X³|Ðcä�µ,°N¶�Ït¯�¶�±�®/±qªz¯"­|ÐQä�¯>¹8¯�ÐR±«ªz¯"­tÐ{µ3±M°NÒ�³/¹M®t³:¯:­tÐ3±�´t¯>Ï�´&¯I¶�ä�¯:­tÐQÏz°�Ðc³�¶lµ,¯>Ðo³´t¯�¶gÒ�¶l¯3¶¸ªS±�°XÐc¹-µ�­ ±«ªf¯"­|ÐE¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®��7-.T�!5-2I)J-�!�#9_6 FJ]), #�0B�"_G�+M7-B��!��),7F$8\]2�B�6+-��2I)G��!582IL�C6.-��2�7o�f7-6N�!+8�!2 )G�782�+8�C6 F782��S'*)�!1=��@

�*��� N��P¢]�POx�z� ¥RQTS��VU��]¥RQWS��z¢�X[���ZY-[Â(2�+8��6 I782��h'V)�!1=�W5M6�<2K\]2�2�7r�!58)�'�7Ù��)ÇJ]2��!G�)��9×<2��!"§'V2� # O�#7ÙJM�!)\M �2�9_�T�#7o<), �<=�#78LçG�+M7-B��!��),76NJ-J-��)�Y8�#9_6N�!��),7F$�2���J]2�B��#6 # #"Z'�582�7d�!5823�#78JM+8�U.-6N�!6T�#�U5-��L,5- �"4B�),9_JM �2�YW'��#�!5E6T �)�U)GV78),�0��2@Imf582\M6B�1oJ-��)JM6NL,6N�!��),7_6 �L)�C���!5-9ï5-6��\]2�2�7R2���2�B��!�#<2��#7Q��), �<=�#78LUJ-�!)\� �2�9_�z�#7-B� #+-.M�#78L�BC5-6N��6B���2��k��2�B�)LN�7-���!�#),7ÇM �&2�en+-7T2���@*6 @�$#¾�ËÉË�Oà$n�!2�B�)L,7M�IH��#78LK��J])12�7 'V)��.M�¤M �t678L�2���@ 6 @�$#¾�ËËNÝ]OU67-.i�#7�\M�#), �)L,�#B�6 ��"=����2�9_��M DE6B� 0�#7F$#¾�ËËÃ�Oà@(Å|),9_2��� �2�6+�M¢¾�ËËÃ"O^5-6��JM�!)><=�#.82�.E67W2�Y869QJM �2P)Gk6�7-2�+8��6 tB�),7o���!), ���"=�Ü���2�9Z$N¡(��\(%ÜÂUÂ;$�'�5-�#BC5I+-��2��t67P6N�!�!�¢��B��06 782�+8��6 782��h'V)��1I��)(����2�2��z67;6+8��),78),9_),+-�&<2�5-�0B� �2^.8����<=�#78L6N�I78)��9_6 ���J]2�2�.-�(),7:JM+8\� #�#BI5-��L,5o'n6�"=��@ %Ü7W�!5-�0�U�!2�B��!��),7F$F%f),+8�! 0�#782P6[G�2�2�.=�àG�)�!'*6N�C.d7-2�+8��6 z782��Ü�'*)�!1[67M.Z�!582 \M6B�1oJM�!)JM6NL,6N�!��),7ç� Ån�n6 �L)���#�!5-9 M A�+M9Q2� #5-6N�!�n2���@k6 à@�¾�ËÉÁ�Oà@¡ 7-2�+8��6 n782��S'*)�!1��#�Q6/B�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#���39Q)=.82� ��#7-��J����!2�.K\c"÷�!5-2T5c+-9_67Ç7-2��!<),+-�Q��"=����2�9Z@çmf582782��h'V)�!14�0��9_6.82;+8JW)G �] Z �Ü��8� $�'�5-�#BC546N�!2 �!582;G�+-7M.-69Q2�7o�!6 &+-7-���!�n)G��!582P��"c�!��2�9Z$M67-.46�9_6²������¢Y�.-2�JM�#B��!�#78LPB�),7-782�B��!��),7-�*\]2��S'*2�2�7[�!582O782�+8�!),7-��@z¡r��2�6 M<N6 #+82$=B�6 # �2�.X�!582 �,���\Tkr:��\T �N��r:�N� Z $8�#�6�!��)=B��#6N��2�.W'����!5T2�6B�5E782�+8�!),7&@

�&2��W] \]2I�!582 7c+-9P\]2��f)Gz7-2�+8�!),7-�f�07T�!582;��"=����2�9Z$M67M._^ ËÐ À�ÞO$8�!2�J-�!2��!2�7j�f�!5-2;6B��!��<N6N�!��),7Z<N6 #+82¾ ½

Page 19: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

)G��!5825` Ë�× 7-2�+8�!),7Z6N��67o"Z�#7-���!67o�7ÕC@Vmf582�7F$^ Ë Ìê�a^ ËÐ áb^ Ë� á�¿�¿�¿;áb^ Ëc �

�#��6O<2�B���)�^�!2�JM�!2���2�7o�!�#78LO�!582����!6N��2�)G]�#7-.-��<=�#.-+M6 782�+8�!),7-�z)G��!582f782��S'*)�!136N�H67j"3�#7-���!67o�*ÕC@�¡U #��)8$ �2��:d Ð e ��2�J-�!2���2�7o�(�!5-2R�#7o��2���B�),7-7-2�B��!��),7d<²6 #+-2;)�O'V2��#L,5j�U)G^�!5823 #�#781TG��!),9 782�+8�!),7D`���)'f-@Imf582�7�!582;7-2��S'*)�!1Z�#��.82���782�.Z6��ý

g Ë Ìï�a^ Ë á�h Ë �'�582���24h Ë ÌM)�d Ð eji `�ákf�Ì ¾�¿�¿�¿�]I+,@Ç¡ �I��Vj f�! !� 782��S'*)�!1��#�3),7824�#7ç'�5-�0B�5ç�!5824782�+8��),7-�3�#7�),782 #6>"2��P6N�!2_B�),7-7-2�B���2�.K��)W782�+-�!),7-�I�#7/678)�!5-2��P #6>"2���$t\M+-�I�!582��!2_6N�!2�7-)4�#7j��2��CB�),7-782�B��!��),7-�O'(���!5-�#7�!582; 06�"2���@k¡ J� � !�PwjJ���������Ü� 7-2��S'*)�!1Z�#�n),782 '�5-),��2I��)J]), �)L"Z6 # �)>'(��78)�B�"=B� �2���@����L,+8�!2 Û .-2�JM�#B��!�Q6�R B�Ü�� R �\���N� M Af),��2�7o\M #6N����$#¾�ËÁ ½ Oà$V6 ½ �S #6�"2��!2�. Gl2�2�.8�àGl)�!'n6N��.i7-2�+8��6 n782��S'*)�!1'����!5�),7-2Z),+8��JM+8�_782�+-�!),7F@Çmf582Z6B��!��<N6N�!��),7i<N6 #+82��Q�07��!5824��2�B�),7-.i 06�"2��X6N��24B�6 #B�+- #6N��2�.i+M�!�#78L67/6B��!��<N6N�!��),7/Gg+-7-B��!��),7d),7:�!5823'*2���L,5o��2�.K�!+-9 )Gk�!5-2_6B��!��<²6N�!�#),7:<²6 #+-2��O)Gk�!582_782�+-�!),7-�O�#7d�!582

í�¶�»�´|°²Ðüë,^�¨ÆÏkÐo°²µ,ÐcÏt¯>°²±�®�^ʹrä�¶�ÑÊÏ�ÒlÐ�¯3µ3±A&CÒ�¹m¶�Ðo°²Ðc³`®tÐ=´|°�¹MÒR®|Ðj¯3µR±�°�º*®SµX¶l¯"­ ±�®|Ði±�´t¯l&Ï�´&¯â®|Ðc´|°�±�®�° ¹l­|Ð`¹Mµ¯�¶�¬8¹8¯�¶�±�®}±qª:¯"­|Ð ±�´t¯>Ï�´&¯¤®|Ð=´t°²±�® ¶lärµj±�ÑÊÏz´t¯>Ðc³}´tä�¶�®|» ^ e ÌÁ��nmpoÐ Ñrq d

Ð e ^ Ð� ®�µg­|Ðo°²Ð ^ Ð

¶�ä ¯"­|Ð[¹-µ¯�¶�¬8¹8¯�¶�±�®�¬8¹MÒg´|ÐX±«ª*®|Ðc´|°²±�® ` ¹M®|³ d Ð e ¶�äI¯"­|ÐXµRÐ=¶�»«­�¯;±«ª¯"­|Ð÷Òg¶g®tº¡ªS°²±�Ñè®|Ðc´|°²±�® ` ¯>±�¯:­tÐK±�´&¯�Ïz´t¯4®tÐ=´t°²±�®�°4­�®Ù¯"­z¶�äT³z¶�¹-»�°�¹MÑ_®k¯:­tÐKÏkÐo°²µ,ÐcÏt¯>°²±�®­|¹-ä_ãʶg®|Ïz´t¯X®|Ðc´|°²±�®|äDE�º2s[ÌRG

¾�Ã

Page 20: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

J-�!2�<=��),+-�� 06�"2���@^%Ü7Z��2���9���)GH6Q�!�#78L, �2I782�+-�!),74�#7T�!582 �!2�B�),7-.W #6>"2���'*2;5-6><2ý

^ e Ì Á�� oÏÐ Ñrq dÐ e Ü_^ Ð

'�582���2_tgÖï¾T�#�3�!582Z7c+-9;\]2��3)G(7-2�+8�!),7-�3�#7ç�!582[�M���!�3 06�"2��_�!5-6N�Q6N�!24B�),7M782�B���2�.Ç��)K782�+8��),70f-@Õ 7823J])JM+- 06N�U6B��!��<N6N�!��),7/Gg+-7-B��!�#),7´Ár�#�U�!582 �.T���_��T � ��)�;�!�c+-6�!5M�#78Lo�fG�+-7MB��!��),7F@Pm�582Q�!�o+M6�!5-�#78LGg+-7-B��!��),7TL,��<2�74\o"�ý

ÁRuM�kâ]��Ì ¾¾tÖBv�w u�x

'����!50y�Ìå¾R\]2��#78LT+-��2�./�#7d�!5-�0�(�!5-2��!�#��$F'�5M�#B�5:�#�O6 #��)Z�!5-239_),��� B�),9_9Q),7:<N6 #+82Q�#7d�!5823�M2� 0.E)G�!2���2�6N�CB�5F@^mf5-2(6N\])><2I�#�V6;Gg69_�# �"R)G&Gg+-7-B��!��),7M�k67-.X�#7� #�09 u�z Í Á u �kâ]�^B�),7j<2��!L2��f��)P�!582(G�+M7-B��!��),7

{ �kâ]�@ÌÝ â Ù Ý�� âaÌÙݾ â}| Ý

~ ����������

mf582 e��,��� R ��� R �>�m��\T �N� � Ån�9M A(+-9Q2� #5M6N�!�n2���@V6 @f¾�ËÉÁPO�6 �L)���#�!5-9�5M6�k\]2�2�7X'��#.82� �"3+-��2�.[�#7X782�+=���6 �782��h'V)�!1d�!2���2�6N�CB�5F$t9�6�#7- �"Z\]2�B�6+-��2Q���I5-6�OJM�!)c.M+-B�2�.WL)c)=.:�!2��!+- ��!�U2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!6 # �"@I%��I2�93�JM �)�"c�O6TL��6.M��2�7j�I.82���B�2�7j�  �2�6N�C7-�#78LX),7/67:2�782��!L"WGg+-7-B��!�#),7d.-2���782�.E),7/6TGl2�2�.=�àG�)�!'n6N��.: #6�"2���2�.782��h'V)�!1Z��"=����2�9Z@

e*),7-���#.82��U�!582R7-2��S'*)�!1E)G*����L,+8�!2QÁc@Pb=+-BC5d6T782��h'V)��1E'*),+- #.E�S"cJM�#B�6 # #"Z\�2RG�)��9P+M #6N��2�.d��)4��), �<26[J-�!)\M #2�9�)GVG�+M7-B��!��),7:6NJ-J-�!)>Y=�09_6N�!��),7F@;m�582Q��2�B�),7-.:)� 9_�#.M.- �2P 06�"2�� �#7d�!582Q782��h'V)�!1:�#�O)G���2�7B�6 # �2�.[�!582 b T �,�j �� #6>"2���@H%h��5-6�n\]2�2�7[B� #6�#9Q2�.[�!5-6N��63782��h'V)�!1['����!5X),782I5-�#.M.82�7X 06�"2���$867-.Z�!+-G0���B���2�7o��7o+M9;\]2���)G|+M7-���!��$85-6�n�!582IJ])�'V2��f��)_�!), �<2 5-��L,5- #"_B�),9QJM �2�YZ78),7=�S #�0782�6N��.8"c7M69_�#BU��"c�!��2�9_�67-.[6;782��h'V)��1�'����!5X6 ½ 5-�#.-.-2�7_ #6�"2��n��)J]), �)L"_B�67T��), �<2O9Q),���* �2�6N��7-�078L J-�!)\� �2�9_�k�07_�!582U #�#9_���

¾ Ø

Page 21: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í(¶l»�´t°²Ð:¼�^¼¨ Ì�&CÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°�Ðc³ ªhÐoÐc³�&4ªS±M°"µ3¹-°�³Ù®|Ðc´|°�¹�Ò*®|Ðo¯.µ3±M°²º\]2�B�6+-��2 ���fB�67E9Q2�9Q)����H�2I�!582;.-6N�!6=$-JM�!)><=�#.82�.T�!582P782��S'*)�!1Z�#�nG�)��9P+M #6N��2�.46B�B�)��.-�078L, �"@mf582 ÅÇ6 �L)�����!5-9��#�VGl)��9�6 #�IH�2�.��07�mz6N\M �2 ½ @^mf582(6 #L)�����!5-9��#�kJ]2��!G�)��9Q2�.�),7X6R��2��*)G �\�8��Tl�qTl�o�.-6N�!6 �g.M6N�!6/��2��!�_G�)�Q'�5-�#BC5��!5824�#78J�+8�Ü�à),+8��JM+8�R<2�B���)��J�6�����36N�!241=78)>'(7��C@Ç¡�G���2���6�!�!+M9_�#78L:67�#7-�#�!�#6 &'*2���L,5o�U9_6N���C�¢Y�$]�!58232��!��)�(\]2��S'*2�2�7:�!582Q782��h'V)�!1E),+8��JM+8�UG�)�O67o"E�078JM+8�f<2�B���)�>$t67-.d�!582),+8��JM+-��<2�B���)�_��Gl)�O�!5-6N�U�#78JM+-�f<2�B���)�I�#74�!582R����6�#7M�#78L_.-6N�!6j���#��9_2�6�!+8�!2�.d67-.d+-��2�.4��)T+8JF.-6N��2�!582 '*2���L,5o�f9_6N�����¢Y]@kmf5M�#�*J-�!)=B�2��!�f�#������2��C6N��2�.W6_7c+-9P\�2���)Gz�!�#9Q2��P�gB�58),��2�7E2�9QJM�#���#B�6 # �"-�C@

%Ü7��!582ZB�),7-782�B��!��),7-�0���Q�#9QJM �2�9_2�7j�!6N�!��),7ç)GUA��^$��!5824�078JM+8�P��)/�!5824782��S'*)�!1��#�R�!5824���!6N��2Z)GU�!582'*)�� #.W�g6�VJ]2���B�2���<2�._\c"3�!582(6NL2�7o�C�k67-._�!582�),+8��JM+8�^)GF�!5-2�782��S'*)�!1_�#�k�!582�+8�!�0 #���S"R<N6 #+82fG�)�k2�6BC56B��!��),7F@V?U+-���#78LQ �2�6N��7M�#78L8$c�!582 6NL2�7j�U6B��!��<N6N��2��f�!582;7-2��S'*)�!1XG�)�f�!582 B�+-�!�!2�7o�f���!6N��2;67-.ZJ��#B!1=��676B��!��),7:����)=B�5-6�!�!�#B�6 # �"Z\M6�!2�.W),7E�!5823+8�!�# #���h"X<N6 #+82��()\-�!6�#7-2�.E�#7W�!582R),+8��JM+8�U #6�"2���@(%hGH�!5-2P6NL2�7o��#��78)�( �2�6N��7-�#7-L8$=�#��JM�#B!1=���!582 6B��!�#),74'����!5T�!5-2;5-��L,582��!�n+-�!�# #���h"�<N6 #+82@

Â(2�+8��6 ]782��S'*)�!1=�f6 # �)�'r�!582I6NL2�7j����)QL2�7-2���6 #�IH�2I���!�*J-�!2�.M�#B��!��),7-�n6N\]),+8�*�!582I+8�!�# #���h"_)G|6B��!�#),7-�n��)¾ Û

Page 22: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

��� îfïtï.ð:î�÷>î�þ]îW� ����� ��èyômë¼þ]î�÷�ê:ötìjèmúyô;ï � ð]ì éyémî�è � ê~ô"ï.úyô;ï�è"î�ôm÷�ê~è;õAìjèºï3ð"î{è"îfï���êm÷n� � ÷>îfõBú]îBùfï.ì ò�î�ó øLå��ó õ�ê�ó îfï:`�Ì�¾�¿�¿�¿.Älákf¤Ì�¾�¿�¿�¿��Xá3t´Ì�¾�¿�¿�¿��å � îfïd Ð e ÷>î�ú�÷>îfõ�î�è"ïAï3ð"î8�@î:ì �zð;ï�ëAç"ï3÷�ì gö=÷>ê~ëìUèmúyô;ï�ï&êvð]ì éyémî�ènó ç3øLî�÷�çyè"é�d e o ÷>î�ú�÷>îfõ�î�è;ïW��î:ì �zð"ï¼ëAç"ï3÷�ì Qö&÷>ê~ë ðmì éyémî�èQï&ê[ê~ô;ï3úmô;ï¼ó ç3øLî�÷0å � îfïîLç:ù�ðgìjèyúmô;ï�ñ0ê~ô;ï3úmô"ï�ò�îBùfï=êm÷tú�çmìj÷@ìUè¼ï3ð"îSï3÷�çmìjè]ìUè��Qé�ç;ï8ç¼õ�îfïAÿn��ær����� � þ]î:��÷�ì ï�ï&î�è{ç"õ;���â�á��� �3åäPå�æ�çyè"éyê~ë�ì íLî:�@î:ì �zð;ïºëSç;ï3÷�ì ùBîfõü~å���êm÷�îLç:ù�ð��â[Ìï�kâ � á8â � á�¿�¿�¿4â*�z�tÀI��æ*�T���ÿ0ç � ùBê~ëlúmô"ï=îlê~ô;ï3úmô;ïAó çføBî�÷tômèmì ï=õ��]���âF��Ìï�a� � áb� � á�¿�¿�¿3���H�ÿ8þ � ùBê~ëlúmô"ï=îlî�÷ ÷>ê]÷tìjè{ê~ô;ï3úmô"ï�ó ç3øLî�÷�ÿ\ö�ê]÷�îLç:ù�ðXômèmì ï�ìjè"éyî� �îBé�þ3ø�� �

� o Ì�� o �ܾ�1 � o ��� � o 1 � o �ÿ ù � ùBê~ëlúmô"ï=îlî�÷ ÷>ê]÷tìjègð]ì émémî�ègó ç3øLî�÷tÿ\ö\êm÷�îLç:ù�ðgôyè]ì ï9ìUè"émî� PîBé¤þ3ø�¡ �

� e Ì�¢ e �ܾ�1£¢ e � Ï o d o e � oÿ é � ôyú]éyç"ï&îºîLç"ù�ðXè"îfï���êm÷n����î:ì �zð"ï¤�9ì ï3ðd Ð e Ì�d Ð e Ö/. � e â Ð ed e o Ì�d e o Ö%. � o ¢ e

¹*¹d¯�Ò�Ð:·�^ ¸R¹Mµ�ºFÏz°�±�Ï|¹M»M¹8¯�¶�±�®Ù¹MÒ�»M±M°N¶l¯"­zÑƶg® ¹KÌA&CÒ�¹m¶�Ðo°²Ðo³r®|Ðc´|°²¹MÒV®|Ðo¯.µ3±M°²º)�!582��k���#9_�# #6N�����!6N��2��k)GM�!582�'*)�� #.F@�mf5-�0�t�!2�.M+-B�2��H�!582�69Q),+-7o�H)G�2�YcJM #)��6N�!��),7Q67Q6NL2�7o�k782�2�.QJ]2����G�)��9Z@Ha�)�'V2�<2��>$=6�V���!6N��2�.X2�6N�� #��2���$o782�+8��6 8782��h'V)��1c�*6N�!2� #�#12� �"P��);J-�!)=.-+-B�2f6;��+8\8�à)J-�!�#9�6 =J�), 0�#B�"G�)� ��),9Q2_���!6N��2��;)GV�!5823'*)�� #.F@P%�7:�!5-2Q�!2�9_6�#7-.-2��U)GV�!582_B�5M6NJ-��2���$&%O.-�#�!B�+M�!�(�0�!�!+82��IB�),7-B�2��C7-�#78LJM #67M��67-.Z�!2�6B��!��<2P6NL2�7j�!��@

�*�¦¥ §�Q0¥���������§»�0�· ¨U©Q�¢]��ªf¥¦§c�q��¢[�«��«��0�]�c�� ¡�q��¢Z[%Ü7j��2� # 0��L2�7j�U��"=����2�9_�U9P+-�!�U �2�6N�C7W��)[)J]2���6N��2R67M.W�!2��!J�),7M.W�#7E6X.8"=7-69_�0B�6 # �"TB�5-678L,�078LX2�7o<=���!),7=�9Q2�7o��@¤b=+-B�5 ��"c�!��2�9_��6N�!2dB�6 # �2�. �! ��j���\TkrN L| ?O�¢��2���2�7j�� 0��Gl2ZG�)��9_�X�#7o��2���6B��X.-����2��!2�7o�! �"ç�#7i�!+-BC52�7o<c����),7-9Q2�7o�!��@^mf582O9Q),����B�),9QJM #2�Y�)Gt�!582�9ÿ5M6�<2 67T�#7-582���2�7j�n78)�!��),7[)G|67o�!�#B���J�6N�!��),7[)GtGg+8�!+8�!2

¾�Á

Page 23: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

B�),+8���!2I)G|2�<2�7o�!��67-.4JM #67T6B�B�)��.-�#7-L, �"@H%�74�!5-�#�n��2�B��!��),7F$M%k\-���#2�¬M"��#7o���!)=.-+-B�2O�!582I<N6N����),+-���#���!+82���#7o<), �<2�.4�#7TJ� #67-7-�#7-L8@

Af2�6 *'*)�� #.÷J-�!)\M �2�9�� )Gf�!582[�S"cJ]2[�07j<), �<=�#78LE5o+-9�67Ê.82������!2��R67-.÷�!5-2[6N\M�0 #���S":��)/B�5-)o),��2[G��!),96T��2��O)GVBC58),�#B�2���$&67-.d�!582Q9Q2��!5-)c.-�U)G*6B�5-��2�<=�#78L[�!582�9Z$&6N��2R<2���"E.-��}[B�+- �����)TG�)��9R+- #6N��2@Rb=+MB�5J-�!)\� �2�9_�n�#7o<), �<2 631c7-)>'� �2�.-L2I)G|�!582I'*)�� #.&$=67M.Z6746N\M�# #�#�S"_��)_G�)�!2���2�2I�!5-2;B�),7-��2��c+82�7-B�2I)G�676B��!��),7F@_m�582��!2Q6N�!2_6Z7c+-9;\]2��I)G*G�6B���)�C�;�#7o<), �<2�./�#7-B� 0+-.-�#78LX�!582QJ])��2�7j�!�06 # �"W�#78��7-����23���!6N��2�� )G�!582 '*)�� #.&$c�!5-2;B�5-67-L,�#78LQ2�7o<c����),7-9Q2�7o�f67-.Z�!582IJ-��2���2�7-B�2 )Gz)�!582��(6NL2�7o�!��@

·,°#Ì�°g¬ Ó�¯�¹8¯>Ðcä_¹M®|³ ¨[µ¯�¶�±�®|ämf582(J-���#9�6N�!"Q�#�!�!+82(B�),7-B�2���782�.['����!5��!582O6N\�)�<2IB� #6�!��2��V)G&J-�!)\� �2�9_�k�0�^�!5-6N�*)G&�!2�J-��2���2�7j�!6N�!�#),7X)G¹-µ¯²¶l±�®tä 67-. ä�¯>¹8¯>Ðcä @�mt�C6.-���!��),7-6 =¡(%t'*)�!1XM DdB>en6N�!�!5o"$#¾�ËÁÉmO-5-6�H��),+8L,5o�H��) ��J]2�B���G�" �!582n2�7j�!�#�!��2���#7o<), �<2�. �#7;�!+-B�5 J-�!)\M �2�9���ý]�!582 ��� �,�S )Gc�!582^'*)�� #.&$c��'�5-�0B�5 �#�]J])��2�7o�!�#6 # �"O�#7=��7-����2�� �,���\T �N�8� '�5-�0B�5�!582�6NL2�7o�^�!6N12���$o67M. frN ��M��� �!5-6N�H)=B�B�+8�^�#7R�!582n'*)�� #.R'����!5-),+8���!582�.-���!2�B��H�#7�¬�+82�7-B�2k)G��!582�6NL2�7o��@Õ 782(6�!�!+-9QJM�!��),7��#�k�!5-6N�k),7M �"Q6B��!��),7-�*67-._2�<2�7o�!��B�67XBC5-678L2U�!582�'*)�� #.����!6N��2@*bc),9Q2('V)��1_5-6�6 #��)R\]2�2�7T.8),782U),7X����"c�#7-LP��)3J-�!)�<c�0.82��!582O'*)�� #.[���!6N��2���'��#�!5R ��� R B���\Tà �� @Vmf5-2���2OJ-�!)J]2��!�!��2��V582� �JJ-�!)�<c�0.82O<²6 #+-2�����)_�!582 )\8ÖÜ2�B��!�(�#7T�!582 '*)�� #.Z���!6N��2T�g�#7-B� #+M.-�#78LP�!582 6NL2�7j�!���

bc),9Q2R)�!582�� �#���!+82����07j<), �<2�.:�#7d�!+-BC5d2�7j<=���!),7-9_2�7j�!�('V),+M #.W\]2R�!582378),7=�S.82���2���9��#7-�#���!�0BIJ-�!)J]2��!�h")G��!582P6B��!�#),7-��$-'�5M�#B�549_2�67-�f�!5-6N�('�582�7467E6B��!��),7Ê��)�U2�<2�7o�C��)=B�B�+8�����!5-2;�!2��!+M ��!�#78LQ���!6N��2R9_6�"\]2_),782[69Q),78LE6 �� ��O�8J_��� �,�S �� @4¡U78)�!582��3�#�!��+82_�#� �C�N��� Z �3�! ����LV )Gf6B��!��),7-�R67-.÷2�<2�7j�!��@:bc),9Q2)G*�!582_9Q)=.82� #�U)G*��+-B�5/6Z��"=����2�9Z$t'�582��!23�S'*)4)� 9Q)��2_6B��!��),7-����)� 2�<2�7o�!�C�U)=B�B�+8� 6N� �!5-2_�!69Q2�!�#9Q2X6N�!2_)G���2�7Ê�!�09QJM #�¢��2�.W\c"/6�!�!+-9_�078LT�!5-6N�;�!582��!2X6B��!��),7-�;)cB�B�+-�;),782�6NG���2��3678)�!582��;'(���!58),+8�67o"[)�!5-2���6B��!��),74)=B�B�+8�!�C�#78L3\]2��S'*2�2�74�!582�9Z@

�Ù���!5ç�!582T�!2�J-�!2���2�7o�!6N�!��),7�)GU���!6N��2��_67-.�6B��!��),7-��$k6dGl)��9�6 *9_2��!58)c.ç)G()J�2��C6N�!�#78L:),7ç�!582�9Ô�#��!2��c+-���!2�.&@æmf5-2:�!�!+-.8" )G ���!�PT � R �Ü���P�8�N�3�{T��o� J-��)><=�#.82��Z6ÇB�6 #B�+- 0+-�TGl)�W'V)�!1=�#78L�'��#�!5r6B��!��),7��2��c+82�7-B�2���@_­ ���m�N�V�S �� R ���&�� �)L,�#B��gM Å^����)�>$#¾�ËÁ,È"OkJ-�!)�<c�0.82_649Q2�67-� ��)E�#7-B�)��J�)�C6N��2_67/2� �2�9Q2�7o�

¾>È

Page 24: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

)G �\T��� �#7o��)E),+8�Q��"=����2�9Z@Êb8+-B�5ç6: �)L,�#B[582� �JM�P)J]2���6N��2Z���!6N��2�9Q2�7o�!�Q�!5-6N�3.82���2���9_�#7-2 � b T��� ��S �&J[�E�.V²���S �� �i�\T��� X���S R �9J3�Ü�N� ��� $H'�5-�#BC5K'n6�P78)�PJ]),�!�!��\M #23�07÷��),9Q2X)Gf�!582X2�6N�� #��2��; #)L,�#B�6 B�),7-�����C+-B��!��@^a()>'*2�<2���$M��),9Q2I.82���B���2�7-B���2��V�#7��!5-2OB�6 0B�+- #+-�kGl)��9R+- #6N�!�#),7�L,6><2I���#��2U��)P�!5-2 b8mfAf%ÜÅ*b�!2�J-��2���2�7j�!6N�!�#),7ÇM �z�#12���$#¾�Ë,Èc¾BO�'�5-�0B�5ç6 # �)>'(�R6:���!6N��2Z��):\]2[Gl)��9_2�.ç6�36:B�),7²Ö!+-7-B��!��),7ç)G� #)L,�#B�6 G�)��9P+M #6��$-67-.Z67E6B��!��),7Z��)�\]2O�!2�J-��2���2�7j��2�.E6�f674)J]2���6N��)�>@

·,°#Ì�°#· ®;Ò�¹M®|ä¡ �!2�B�),7-.i�#�!��+82[�0�PJ� #67çGl)��9R+- #6N�!�#),7F@ 2�Gl)��24.-�#�!B�+-���!�#78LE�!582Z.-�¢�]2��!2�7j�Q9Q2��!5-)c.-�Q6><²6�0 #6N\M �2[��)G�)��9P+M #6N��2;JM 067-��$-�����0���#9QJ])�!�!67o�f��)X�!2�6 #�IH�2 �!5-2P78)�!��),7W)G^6QJM #67&@*mf5-),+8L,54�!582���2P�#�f7-)�G�)��9_6 2����!6N\M 0�#�!582�.K.-2���7-���!��),7&$&64JM #67÷�#� +-7-.-2�������)c)c./��)E\]2 ���N�� �� b Tl�o�PiP ; �� Z �\T �N�i�&J� b T � b R �Ü��� Z �� ��e� b ��r"Tg���gTl���E�Q�,� b T��� @�\O��2�'*2�.÷�#7:�!5-�0� 9_67-782��>$t6ZJ-�!)L�C69���)W64B�),9_JM+8��2��P�0� 6ZJM #67&@_mf582\]2�5-6�<=��)�;.-2�J�2�7M.-�O2�7j�!�#�!2� �":),7/�!582[9_6B�5-�0782Q)�P�!5-2�6NL2�7j��$H67-.Ê9_6�":\]2�78),78�S.82���2���9_�#7M�#���!�#BR�#77-6N�!+8��2@

¡U78)�!582��3�#�!�!+82_�0� )GfB�),7-B�2���7Ê�#� '(582��!582��P6WJM #67K�0�;6 � Z ���C ���� )�36 JB��Tl� Z �� @4¡ÿ�!+-B�B�2��!�!G�+- ^JM #67'*),+- #.T\]2I),782;�!+MB�5Z�!5-6N��2�<2��!"TJM6N�!��)GH���f�#�n2�Y=2�B�+8��2�.E\o"[�!582;6NL2�7o��$�67-.W674+-7-�!+MB�B�2��!��Gg+- �JM #67'*),+- #.Ç\]2Z),782W�07�'�5-�#BC5Ç�!582��!2W�0�_6N�� �2�6���X),7824JM6N���Q�!5-6N�X�#��78)�_2�Y=2�B�+8��2�.i\c"��!582W6NL2�7o��@Ù¡JM #67:B�67/\]23B�),7-�!�#.-2��!2�.d��)Z\�2QB�),9QJ]),��2�.:)Gn6[Gl2�'`\M6�!�#B ���N�dw��j ����N� R �²�B�me��# R ���N�-� $t'(582��!23�!5829Q2��!58)=.-�()G^B�),9QJ]),�!�#78L��!582�9 '*),+- #.W\]2P6[B�),9;\M�07-6N�!��),74)G Tg�S f�8��\T��o��in�� �h Z ����BT��o��i��� �� Z �C�.T��o� )�� b ���²�.T��o� G��!),9ÿ�!582�9Z@= �I�N�Z�B�! ���\T �N�W���cJ������ Z ����\T �N� �#7j<), #<2��H6I9Q)�!2�.-���!2�B���2�.Q6NJMJ-�!),6B�53�!5M67(Ö�+-�!�z2��!�!6N\M #�#�!5M�#78L(�!�!6N��2��67-._6B��!�#),7-�k�#7Q67_2�Yc2�B�+8�!6N\� �2fG�)��9_6N��@^mf582f�0.82�6O)GF6 �j�L�� �0�^�#7-582���2�7j�! �"R6IJM6N�!�H)GF6IJ� #67F@|m�582��!26N�!2W.M�¢��2���2�7j�3'n6�"=���#7�'�5M�#B�5�L),6 #�X6N�!24 �)c)12�.i6N��.82�J]2�7-.M�#78Ld),7Ç�!5824��"=����2�9Z@§e� #6�!�!�#B�6 0 �"$k6L),6 �'n6�IB�),7-�!�#.82���2�.E��)T\]236Z��2��O)GV.82��!�#�!2�.E�!�!6N��2��I)GV6T��"=����2�9 ��)T'�5-�#BC5E67/6NL2�7o�I'*),+- #.dL)8@a()>'*2�<2���$=�!2�6 8'*)�� #.QJ-��)\M �2�9_�H6N�!2(9Q)�!2�B�),9QJ� �2�Y367M.QL),6 #�k5M6�<2�\]2�2�7Q��2�.82���782�.Q67-._�!2���2�6N��BC55-6��\]2�2�74.-),782I),746�!�!+M9_�#78LQ6QL),6 t��)_\]2 9_6�#7o�!6�#7-�#78LR)��JM�!2�<2�7j�!�078L_��),9Q2;B�),7M.-���!��),7F@

¾�É

Page 25: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

mf582�)��2�9 J-�!)><=�#78L/5-6�3\]2�2�7��!582ZB�2�7o��2���)GU �)L,�#BZ���!+-.M��2��RGl)�_9_67o"÷"2�6N�C��@�%h�QJ-��)><=�#.82��36/.82��.-+-B��!�#<2_6NJ-J-�!),6BC5÷�#7:G�)��9R+- #6N�!�#78LTJM 067-�I�!�#7-B�2Q),+-�;78)�!��),7/)GnJM 067-�O�!2�<), �<2��P6N�!),+-7-.K6Z #)L,�#B�6 �!2�J-��2���2�7j�!6N�!�#),7:Gl)�O�!582Q���!6N��2�� 67M.d6B��!�#),7-��@;ÅV #67-7-�#7-L�5-6�O6 #��)T\]2�2�7d2�Yc��2�7-����<2� �"W �)c)12�./6N�I�#7�!582RGl)�C9 )Gk�!2�6N��B�5F@Imf5-2��!2P5-6><23\�2�2�7E�S'*)Z.-�¢�]2��!2�7o�(6NJ-J-��),6B�582��O��)T��2�6N��BC5Fýf���!"4��)T��2�6N��BC5:�!582���!6N��2T��JM6B�2XGl)�R6W��2��P)Gn�!�!6N��2��P'(5-�#B�5÷ �2�6.K��)E�!582�L),6 *���!6N��2H¯^)�P���!":��)E��2�6N��BC5�6ZJM #67K�!JM6B�2M ÂU�# #�!��),7&$#¾�ËÉNÝ8$-m|6N��2$#¾�ËÉ Ø Oà$-'(5-�#B�5Z�0�n��)X �)c)1XG�)��6QJ� #67T'�582��!2I2�6BC542� �2�9_2�7j���07Z�!582IJM #67Z�!JM6B�2�#�(6_JM6N�!�!�06 # �"XB�),9_JM �2���2�.EJM #67F@*%h��2��C6N�!��<2RB�),7M������+-B��!�U5-6�<2R6 #��)X\�2�2�7E �)c)12�.W6N��$]� @ 2@�\]2�L,�#7-7-�#7-L'����!5���),9_2[J� #67ç),7�'�5-�#BC5ç6:��2��c+82�7-B�2Z)GU9Q)=.-�¢��B�6N�!��),7M�P6N�!249�6.82$k+-7o�!�# *�!582TL),6 f5-6�3\]2�2�76B�5M��2�<2�.F@

·,°#Ì�°�Ì °ê´|Òl¯�¶�&�¹-»�Ðc®�¯�³z±�ÑʹM¶g®|äb=�#7MB�2��!5-�#���!582��!�0�^�#��\M6��2�.�),7_6 9R+- ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�^2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o��$j���^�#�^'V)�!�!5o'�5-�0 �2n��);��J]2�7-.Q��),9Q2��!�#9Q2.-�#��B�+-�!�!�#7-L*��),9_2k)G=�!582V�0�!�!+82��F�#7o<), �<2�.P�#7 �!+-BC5;��"=����2�9_��@|mf582V6N\�)�<2V�!�078L, �2^6NL2�7o�z9Q)=.82� #�FB�67M78)�\]2�+-��2�.3�#739P+M ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�^��"c�!��2�9_��\]2�B�6+-��2n)G��!5-2n�07-B�6NJM6N\M�# 0���S"I)G��!582f6NL2�7j�!�^��) +-7-.82����!�!67-.R)�!582��6NL2�7o�!�BK�6B��!��),7M��@�Ù582�7��!582��!2Z6N�!2Z9R+- ��!��JM #2X6NL2�7o�!�_�#7ç�!582Z��"=����2�9 �!582�"�9_6�" ����� R f�8��S ��)K6B�5-��2�<246/B�),9�9Q),7L),6 $&)�I�!5-2�"E9_��L,5o�O\]2 �C�N� R ��\Tg�\TkrN �07d7M6N�!+8�!2$&�#7d'�5-�0B�5:B�6��2Q�!582�"d6N�!2Q)J-J]),�!�#78LX2�6B�5/)�!5-2���@mf582�"EB�),+- #.d6 #��)T\]2 ���N�qw�T��M�S f�kJ� f�3Tl�o� $F'�5-�#BC5W'*),+- #.:9Q2�67d�!582�"d5-6�<2Q78)Z.-�#�!2�B��(�#7A¬�+82�7-B�2P'����!5)�!582��R6NL2�7j�!��@T%Ü7K6 # ��!582��!2XB�6��2���$z�!582�6B��!�#),7K�!2�J-��2���2�7j�!6N�!�#),7-�;5-6><2���)4\]2_2�Y=��2�7-.82�.KGl�!),9}�!582�!�#7-L, �2(6NL2�7o�fB�6��2O��)3\�2U6N\M �2U��)Q5-67-.- �2 ���N��� Z �.�! ���� 2�<2�7j�!� ��)�f6B��!��),7M�C�C@^mf5-�#�V\]2�B�),9Q2��n639P+-BC59Q)�!2 B�),9_JM #�#B�6N��2�.ZJM�!)cB�2�����$-67-.4B�67W\�2I9Q)=.82� �2�.T\c"T6NJ-J-�!)>Y=�#9�6N�!�#78L3�!582 2�<2�7o��)=B�B�+8�!�!2�7MB�2���)�\c"XL,��<=�#78LQ��),9_2 )G|�!5-2 2�<2�7j�!�(6QJ-�!)J]2��!�h"�)G ��à�N��T �BTg�\V '�5-�#BC5Z�#7o<), �<2��f674�#.-2�6Q #��12 � Z �3Tl�o�T� b ���C� Z �.�! ����C X�&JQ�,���\T �N� à ���W�,� b f�� fr ��M�����Q�,�>�\Tg��ç���C� Z ��� @;b=+-B�5d6[J-�!)J]2��!�h"Z2�7-.8)>'(�(+8J]),7E�!582��"=����2�9ÿ�!582 7-)�!��),7Z)G�6Q���!6N��2 ����67-�!Gl)��9�6N�!��),7T<2��!"Z�!�#9_�0 #6N�V��)X�!�#78L, �2O6NL2�7o�(��"=����2�9_��67-.W582�7-B�2�!582RGl)�C9P+- 06N�!��),7-��)G^�!5-2PB� #6�!���#B�6 |�!"c����2�9 B�67d\]2P6NJ-JM 0��2�.4582��!2@(Å|2�.M7-6+- ���M¢¾�ËËNÝ:OH�07j���!)=.-+-B�2��U6

¾�Ë

Page 26: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í(¶l»�´t°²ÐI±«^l¨ ªS±�°²ÑʹMÒ*Ñ÷±F³zÐ=Òk±«ªf¯"­|ÐEÐoÎ&Ï^Ðc°²¶gÑÊÐc®�¯�¹MÒ^Ð=®¦¬t¶�°�±�®|ÑÊÐc®�¯ #678L,+M6NL23B�6 0 �2�.E¡U?O�^$]'�5-�0B�5d�#�(�!"c7o�!6B��!�#B�6 # �"W\M6��2�.d),7d�!582Qb8mfAf%ÜÅ*bW #678L,+-6NL2$]\M+-�U5-6�U<2��!".-�¢�]2��!2�7o����2�9_67o�!�#B���$��!5-6N�X6 # #)>'��X9P+- #�!�¢�S6NL2�7j�T.8"=7-69_�#BZ�!"c����2�9�����)ç\]2W9Q)=.82� �2�. 6�[6÷���#78L, �26NL2�7o�(���!6N�!�#B;��"c�!��2�9Z@

%Ü7/�!5-�#�I�!5-2��!�#��$&%O5-6><2XB�5-),��2�7÷��)W'V)�!1:'��#�!5:),782� �2�<2� k)G*L��2�6N��2��PB�),9QJM #2�Y=���h":�!5-67/�!582����#78L, �26NL2�7o�O�!"c����2�94@�%h�O�#��6 ½ �S6NL2�7j�O2�7o<c�#�!),7-9Q2�7o��$�'(���!5T��7-�#��2;���!6N��2Q��JM6B�2R67-.E�074'�5-�0B�5Z�!582R6NL2�7j�!�6N�!2:6.8<2����!6N�C�#6 (�07 7-6N�!+8��2$�67-.ü2�6B�5Ù)G �!582�9×5-6><2:2�Y=6B��! �" �!582d��69Q2W��7-����2E�!2��X)G;6B��!�#),7-��g6N��),9_�#B>�C@_m�582��!2Q6N�!2�78)T2�<2�7o�!�X�g6�P.82���782�.:�#7:�!5-�0�(�!5-2��!�#�C�U�#7o<), �<2�.F$F),7M �"E6B��!��),7M�I'�5-�#BC5:�!5826NL2�7o�!�_J]2��!G�)��9Z@Ê¡U #��)8$V�!5824���!6N��24���C67-��G�)��9_6N�!��),7B²[)GU�!5824��"=����2�9Ô�#�Q6/B�),7-B�+8���!2�7j�_6B��!�#<c���h"$'�5-�0B�5�B�67X\]2�9Q)=.82� # �2�.�6�V6 �� �h Z ��M�\T��N� R ��Tk�I�8JS��à��{T �¼�j���\T �N�8� $=�!582��M�����k\o"Q),782U6NL2�7j�n67-.X�!582³�´ E'Ey#\�05�� %*��-05.�:#\�U+.- 6�5�� !$+.�:#�54- %�/;%=� %=- 67!'�:!'#\� !'C

½ Ý

Page 27: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

��2�B�),7-.4\o"T�!582I)J-J]),�!�078LQ6NL2�7j��@

þk6BC5d)G^�!582���236N��),9_�#BR6B��!��),7-��$F �2�6.M����)T6 T��M�S B�C�«���T��M�S f���� !��T���S ���!6N��23����67-��G�)��9_6N�!��),7&$M'�5-�0B�5'*),+- #.Z78)��\]2I�!582I�!2���+- ��n)G|�!5-2;���!6N��2 ����67M��Gl)�C9_6N�!��),7Z)Gz�!582 6B��!+-6 |B�),7-B�+8�!�!2�7o�f6B��!��<=���S"@ Õ 746��"=����2�9 �2�<2� $M�!5-2R6N��),9_�0B;6B��!��),7-�U6N�!23B�),9_9R+8�!6N�!��<2$F�#74�!5-2P��2�7-�!2;�!5-6N�U��G@ÃT)cB�B�+8�C�HÖ!+-���f\]2�G�)�!2µ )=B�B�+8����$��!582�7E�!582R�!2��!+- ��!�078L_���!6N��23)GH�!5823��"c�!��2�9��#�(�!582R�!69Q23��G µ )=B�B�+8���U�#9_9Q2�.-�06N��2� �"X\]2�G�)�!2Ã/��'�582��!2lÃqá µ 6N�!2P6N��),9_�#B>�C@nmf5-�#��9Q2�67M�f�!5-6N�f�!5-2;�#7o��2���9Q2�.-�#6N��2P���!6N��2���$M2�<2�7E�!58),+8L,5W6²��2�B��U�!582),+8�!B�),9Q2�)Gk�!582Q�!2���+- ��!�#78L[���!6N��2_)GV�!582_��"=����2�9�.8)478)�I5-6><2�6T.-���!2�B��O\]2�6N���#78L[),7K����@R����L,+8�!2�ÈL,��<2��V67_�#7-B�),9QJ� �2���2�JM�#B���)���06 =�!2�J-�!2���2�7o�!6N�!��),7Q)G]�!582f�!"c����2�94@�m�582fB�),9QJM �2���2(9Q)c.-2� 8�#�^.-�#��B�+-�!��2�.'����!5T�!5-2 2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!6 F�!2��!+8JW�#7Z #6N��2��(B�5-6NJ-��2��C��@

½ ¾

Page 28: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

¶ ·I¸º¹ ª ú&ô�» ªk¨U©,����¼;ªH© ù ¹� 69Q2Z�!5-2�)�!"Ê�#�367�),78L),�078L/6N�!2�6:)G��!2��!2�6N��B�5F@çDE+MB�5�)G��!5M�#�R'V)�!1ÊGl)=B�+-��2��3),7�J������!�#78Ld9_676NL,6�#7-�!� 9_6B�5-�0782@3bc),9_2R'*)�!1:5-6�O\]2�2�7/.8),782Q�#7:6NJ-JM #"c�#7-LXA��i��2�B�5-7-�0�o+82��OG�)�IJM #6>"c�078LXL,69_2�� #��12I\�6B!1o�àL,69_9Q),74)�(�!�#9R+- #6N��2�.Z��)=B�B�2���@k%Ü7T�!5-�#���!2�B��!��),74%*'��# # �.82��!B��C��\]2U�!5-2IL,69Q2 %n5-6�<2R+-��2�.��)����!+M.8"[ #2�6N��7-�#78L3�#�!��+82���@

Åk 06�"=�#78L363L,69Q2IL2�782���6 # #"X�#7o<), �<2�� J����C��T��o�[�Q���\�&�,�S à�PV @V%h��9_6>"[�#7o<), �<2 6 ���>� R f�8��\TkrN 2��])�!����)���� R ��S 6NL,6�#7M���z67R)J-J]),782�7o�>�g�C�C@�%Ü7P�!+MB�5RB�6��2���$,�!582*JM #6>"2��H+-�!+-6 # #"(�����#2��t��)OL,6�#7PJ-�!)N��B��#2�7-B�"I\o"JM #6>"c�078L �!582UL,69Q2O6;G�2�'ü�!�09Q2���@H�8)��9_�078LP6PL2�782���6 ]������6N��2�L"��!5-6N�*.-2�Gl2�6N�!�n67o"_)J-J]),782�7o�k'*),+- #.\]2I2�Yc����2�9Q2� �"T.-��}XB�+- #��@�½U�!+-6 0 �"$=JM #6�"2��C��.82�<2� �)JE6_������6N��2�L"T��)�\]2�6N�f6QJ�6N�!�!�#B�+- #6N��)JMJ�),7-2�7j��@mf582P6N\M�# #���h"X��)XL2�782���6 #��H�2;'�5-6N�(5-6��\]2�2�7Z2�Y=J]2�����2�7-B�2�.W\]2�Gl)�!2P�#�fB�6 # �2�.E�#7-.-+MB��!��<2  �2�6N��7-�078L8@V%Ü79P"Q�!582��!�#��$o%H'��# # M6N����2�9QJ-�*��)R.8) �B���²���3w��S ����\T��o� @^%H'(�# # =J-���09_6N���# �"P\M+-�# 0.Q6;��2��*)G&6NL2�7j�!�n'(5-�#B�5X6N�!2J-�!)L�C69_9Q2�.X'����!5[6;JM6N���!�#B�+- #6N�*������6N��2�L"@V�|6N��2���$=%^'��# 0 - �2��n �2�6N��7-�#7-L;6NL2�7j�!�nJ� #6�"_6NL,6�#7M����67j"_)G�!582���2P)J-J]),782�7o�!�(67-.W)\M��2��!<2R58)>'û'*2� # &�!582�"ZJ]2��!G�)��9�6NL,6�#7-���U678)�!582��U)GH�!582���2;)JMJ�),7-2�7j�!��@�%'��# 0 ��!5-2�7Z��2����f�!582��!2;6NL2�7j�!�U6NL,6�#7-�!��)�!582��( �2�6N�C7-�#78L3)J-J]),782�7o�!��@

%�5-6><2_B�58),�!2�7:��)['*)�!14'(���!5E6T��J]2�B��¢��B L,69Q2Q67-.F$F6�O'��#�!5E9Q),�!�U �2�6N�C7-�#78LXJ-�!)\M �2�9���$�L2�7-2���6 ¢��IH�6N�!��),7:��)T)�!582��;L,69Q2�� 9_6>"E78)�I\]23��)Z2�6�!�# �"E6B�5-��2�<2�.&@PDE)�!2�)><2���$z�!5823L,69Q2_���!�!2� �Gk5-6�O),7- #"6T��7M����2Q��2�� )G����!6N��2��X�g+M7- #��123)�!582��R9Q)�!2_B�),9QJM #2�Yd),782���@Þ�ÇÂ(2�<2��!�!582� �2��!��$t�!5-�#�OL,69_2X��2��!<2��P6�6d+-��2�Gg+- k���!6N���!�#78LdJ�),�07j�PGl)�Q.8),�#7-LW�!2���2�6N�CB�5ç'����!5ç9P+M ��!��JM �2X6NL2�7j�!��@/Dd67j"ç�#�!�!+-2�� )G�J� #67-7-�#7-L67-.Ê �2�6N��7-�#7-L4������6N��2�L,��2��3B�67Ê\�2X6.-.8�!2��!�!2�.F@[m�582�L,69Q2[5-6�R6.8<²67MB�2�.÷<2�������),7-� �!5M6N�P��2��!<2X��)�#7o<2����!��L,6N��2R6.8<²67MB�2�.4 �2�6N��7-�078LQ�#�!�!+82���6�f'V2� # à@

¥*�0� ¾´�V[��~�m�k¿�¢]� ��� ���¼¢ZÀ�� §�¥�  �mf582�L,69Q2(%^5M6�<2O+-��2�._��)R��+-7�9;"Q2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�^),7[�#�kB�6 0 �2�. ¨[µ,ÐT±qªx¨[µ,Ðcä �p¸p�Á �ATk�7ÂH�N�ûe��,�à �N�� 67-.K�#�I6B��!+M6 # �":),782_69Q),78Ld64��2����#2��I)GVL,69_2��;JM 06�"2�.÷+M�!�#78LTJM #6>"j�à\])c)1c��@�þk6BC5KJM #6>"2��

½½

Page 29: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐTð�^S¹{­|ÐX°N¶�»«­�¯PÏ�¶�µ¯�´|°�ÐZ¶�ä;¹EÒlÐc¹dªV±�´t¯P±qªk¯"­|Ð ½ Ðo°NÑ÷¹�®÷Ï�¶gÒl±M¯ZÄ�伯^±F±�º*°¼¹l­|Ð[¨[ÒgÒg¶�Ðo³¹M¶�°²µ,°�¹qªà¯X¶�ä_±�®i¯"­|Ð:ÒlÐ�ªà¯m°

¾ mf5-2 9_6�#7TJM�#B��!+-�!2 �!2� #6N�!��<2 J]),�!�#�!��),7[)Gz)JMJ�),7-2�7j���678L2 )G��!582I)J-J]),782�7o�.-���!2�B��!��),7T�!5-2 )J-J]),782�7o�f�#�nG�6B��078L

½ ¡U.-.82�.Z�#7-Gl)��9�6N�!��),7 Â(6N�!��),7M6 #���S"Åz6NL2RÂ(+M9;\]2��m|6�# 0�#78LQ�#78G�)��9_6N�!��),7Å|),�07j�!�(�!B�)�!2�.

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐ:Ì�^ ­�®�ªS±�°²Ñʹ8¯�¶�±�®iÏz°�±�¬t¶�³|Ðc³r¶g® Ðc¹-µ�­ Ïz¹-»MÐ5-6�f6_\�)c)1�$8'�5-�#BC5Z5-6��JM6NL2��( #��12I�!582I),782��(�!58)�'�74�#7Z����L,+8��2;Éc@

þk6BC5W\])c)1[5M6���#7Z6 # ½½ ÃQJM6NL2���$�'�582��!2;2�6B�5EJM6NL2P�#��B�),9QJ-���#�!2�.T)Gz�!5-2P�#78G�)��9_6N�!�#),7AÅ�J-��)><=�#.82�.�#74mz6N\M �2;Ãc@nmf582IJ��#B��!+8�!2I),7W2�6B�5EJM6NL2;L,��<2����!582 �!2� 06N�!��<2 J]),�!���!��),7T)G��!582;)J-J]),782�7j�BK �(6����B���6NG���@mf582���2f6N�!2��!58�!2�2�.M�¢��2���2�7j�H��67-L2��HJ]),�!�!��\M #2VG�)�^�!582f.-�0���!67-B�2�\]2��S'*2�2�7_�!582�JM #6782���ý �����²�� fi|�� !�PT Z �67-. ���N�o� @Vmf5-2IJM6NL2���7c+-9P\�2���2�./¾��hÃÁ_B�)�!�!2��!J�),7M.T��)��!582 B� �),�!2 ��678L2$-�!5-),��2;7c+-9;\]2��!2�.4Ã,È>��¾�Ý,É6N�!2I�#7T9Q2�.-�0+-9`�C678L2$-67-.T�!58),��2OG��!),9�¾�Ý,ËP� ½½½ 6N�!2  �),7-LP��67-L2@kÅ�6NL2 ½½ Ã35-6����J]2�B��#6 ]�!��L,7M��G0��#B�67-B�2367-.d�#�(2�YcJM 06�#782�.W 06N��2���@Um�582PJ��#B��!+8�!2;6 0��)[��58)>'��U�!5823.-����2�B��!��),7W�#7E'�5-�0B�54�!5-2P)J-J]),782�7o�

Æ �,�"%=- %�!'#�#�+.67%�67+4- %@!'�"��+4- 6�54� !'+3�º1;- +��;!$/;%8/�E'!'�f%�5.EG� !G� ?�/;%3(�C=- !G� !'C854E~1:E$5.C=%�+4�q�:!G� #&(�%=� C�Ç,�,�:5��3%@�:+.�cC&+.�:#�!$/"%�- %8/��+4-c6tF7),+4- �Hǽ Ã

Page 30: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�#�nGg6B��#78L8@

mf582 � 2���9�67EJ��# �)�(5M6�U6[B��!),�!�ºÈ�9_6N��12�.d�07W�!5823�!2�B��!67-L,+- #6N�O\])�YW��)T�!5823 �2�G��()G^�!5-2RJ��#B��!+8�!2$�!582;¡U # #�#2�.XJ��# �)�f5-6�f6?ÉÚ9_6N��12�.W�#745M�#�n\])o)1�@kmf582IJ]),�#7o�!�f�!B�)��2�.4),7Z2�6BC5WJM6NL2R6NJ-J]2�6N���zÖ!+-���\]2� �)>'ü�!582���2�B��!678L,+- #6N�V\�)>YE�g67�2�7MB�����B� �2�.gÖ Ø �H�#7Q�!5-2�JM�#B��!+-�!2f),7_�!5-2�����L,5o�^)G]�ML8@=Éc@^mf582fJ]),�#7o�!��!B�)�!2�.E.82�J]2�7-.T),7Z�!582P.-�#���!67-B�2;\�2��h'V2�2�7W�!582 JM 06782���@^mf582IJ� #6�"2��(\�2��078LQ�!58)��6N�U �),��2�� Ø J]),�#7o�!���Gz�!582 �h'V)T6���!JM 06782���6N�!2P�07T�!582PB� �),�!2 ��678L2$ ½ ��Gz�!582�"46N�!2;�#74�!582;9Q2�.-�0+-9 ��678L2R67-.K¾;�#G|�!582�"6N�!2_Gg6N� 6NJM6N�!��@ Õ 7- �"4J�6NL2��;�#7:'�5M�#B�5d�!582_)JMJ�),7-2�7j� �#�I.M���!2�B��! �"W�07:Gl�!),7o�I"=��2� #./�!+-B�B�2�����G�+M H5-���!��@mf582O�!6�# 0�#78L3�#78G�)��9_6N�!��),7F$cL,��<2�7Z\c"��!5-2 ¹ )� ¯ $8�#��+M��2�.Z�#7[�!582 6.8<N67-B�2�.T<2����!�#),7-�n)G|�!5-2IL,69Q2@

¥*��� Ê4Ë2Ì:�q��¢]�n«c�� 2�782��C6 # �"$8�!582 )\8ÖÜ2�B��!��<2;)Gz�!5-2 L,69Q2;�#�n��)[�!58)c)���!582 )J-J]),782�7o��),+8��)G��!582;�!1o"@k¡ L,69Q2P2�7-.-�2����!582��n'�5-2�7�),782OJM 06�"2����#�*�!58)�nGl��),9��!5-2U��1c"_)��'�5-2�7�),782OJM 06�"2���.82�B��#.82��*��)3'����!5M.8��6�'ê�g�#7[�!582B�6��2 )G��!582P��J]2�B��#6 �JM6NL2 ½½ Ã,�

þ^<2���"KL,69Q2Z���!6N�!�!�3'��#�!5K2�6B�5iJM #6�"2��Q5-6><c�078Lʾ ½ J]),�#7o�!��@d?O+8�C�#78LW�!5-2[B�),+8�C��2X)G��!582XL,69_2$V6JM #6>"2��U #),��2���J]),�#7o�!�f��GH582R�#����58)�(6N��@�¡êJ� #6�"2��O�#����58)��),+8�()GH�!582P�!1o"4��GH5-�0�f�!B�)�!2RL)o2��(��)XH�2��!)��)�^\]2� �)�' @Þ�;%�73�!582(B�6��2f)G��!582f��J]2�B��#6 =JM6NL2 ½½ Ãc$c�!582�JM 06�"2����^5M6�<2��h'V);)J-�!��),7-��\]2�G�)�!2��!582�9Zýz��)B�),7o�!�#7o+-2()�n2��!B�6NJ]2@H%�G&\])�!5�JM 06�"2����*B�58)c),��2O��)32��!B�6NJ]2$=�!582(L,69_2O�0�VB�),7-���#.82��!2�.���)R\]2U.8��6�'(7R¯c�#G),7- �"3),782�)GF�!582�9`BC58)o),�!2��V��)P2��!B�6NJ]2��!582�7��!5-6N�kJ� #6�"2��n �),��2��k�!582�L,69Q2H¯858)�'V2�<2��>$=�#G�\])�!5�BC58)c),��2��)�B�),7o�!�#7c+82$-�!582 L,69_2;���!6N�!�!��Gl�!),9å�!582 �#7-���!�06 ��!2����!�#78L,��'��#�!5T2�6B�5EJM #6�"2����!2��!6�#7-�#7-L35M�#���!B�)�!2@

%Ü7:�!582_6.8<N67-B�2�.K<2�������),7:)GV�!5-2QL,69Q2_'�582���2Q�!582��!2_6N�!2_9R+- ��!��J� �2PJ� #6�"2�����$t64.8)LT�ML,5o� B�67K\]2�!�#9R+- #6N��2�.&@z%Ü74�!+MB�546_B�6�!2$M�!582I)\=Ö�2�B��!��<2R�#�n��)_2�6N��7Z<=�#B���)�!"TJ]),�#7o�!��@

¥*�¦¥ Í?À��BÎ ¥����VUÏ«c�d��[þ^<2���"÷JM #6>"2��_5-6�36:��2��Q)G�9Q)�<2��Q�!5-6N�_6NJ-J]2�6N�Q6N�3�!582T\�)����),9 )G(�!582TJM�#B��!+8��2[�#7Ê2�6B�5iJM6NL2@mf582��!2W9Q)><2��[6N�!24\�6��2�.i),7Ç��2�6 f'*)�� #.i6���CB���6NGl�X9_6782�+8<2�����@ümf582�"�6N�!2WB� 06�!�!�¢�M2�. �#7j��) ���¢� $

½²Ø

Page 31: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°�Ð:ò�^l¹{­|ÐEä�Ðo¯_±qªUÑ÷¹�®tÐ=´�¬�Ðo°²äQ¯"­|¹8¯_µ,¹�®_¯^ÐdÏ^Ðc°"ªh±M°NÑ÷Ðc³_¯,¶i¹�®¦¶iÏzÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°�� !��T Z � 67-. Jf�N��� | þk6BC549Q)><2PB�6+-��2����!582 6�#��B���6NG��*��)_BC5-678L2;�#�!�nJ�),�����!��),7[�#7[�!582 ��1c"@k����L,+8�!2 ËL,��<2����!582  #�#���n)G�J]),�!�!��\� �2U9_)><2��f�!5M6N�f2�6B�5EJM #6>"2���B�674J]2��!G�)��9Z@

�8)�32�Y869QJM �2$�6W9Q)�<2Z #��12ÑÐ 9Q2�67-� ��� �N���k�# \J�� �g�! #)>'æ�!+8��7÷ #2�Gl�C�C@4m|)WJ]2��!G�)��9��!5M�#�;9Q)�<2$H�!582JM�# #)�(�#7-B� 0�#782��f�!5-236�#��B���6NG��U),7:67/678L, #2367M.E�!5-2RJ� #6782P #),��2��I6 ��!���!+-.-2P+-7o�!�# |�!5823'��#78L,�U\]2�B�),9Q2 �2�<2� -6NL,6�07F@^¡Ù�!�#9_�# 06N���!2��^)GF9Q)><2��V2�Y=�0���^G�)�^\])�!5Q�!582��! #)>'ü67M.QG�6�!�k��2��^)GF9_6782�+-<2�����$j�!5-),+8L,5�!582�"Z6N�!2IJ]2��!G�)��9Q2�.Z.-����2��!2�7o�! �"@

¡ J� #6�"2�� BC58)o),�!2�� 6Z9Q)><2QG��!),9 �!5-�0�U�!2��I)GV6B��!��),7-��$&67-.:��2� # #�O5-�#�U)J-J]),782�7o�U�!582_7o+M9;\]2��U�!5-6N�6NJ-J]2�6N���O\]2� �)�' �!582_6B��!��),7K5-2_B�58),��2@Xa�2�.-)o2�� 7-)�I�!2�<2�6 ^�!582_6B��!+M6 k9Q)�<2@��8)�;2�Y869QJM #2$t�#7mz6N\M �2 Û $H��Gn�!582XJM #6>"2�� BC58)c),��2��R��)WJ]2��!G�)��9}6B��!��),7ç9_6N�!12�.Çe`�#7/JM6NL2 ½ $��!582�7Ê5-2_��2� # #�P5-�#�)J-J]),782�7o�^�!582�7c+-9P\]2�� Ø Ëc@^mf582���2(7o+-9P\]2����H6N�!2U6B��!+-6 # �"Q.-�¢�]2��!2�7o�HJM6NL2���@^mf5-2�6B��!��),7-�V6N�!2f�-Y=2�.\M+8�3�!582TJM6NL247c+-9P\]2����R�!582�"ÊB�)�!��2���J]),7-.ç��)K.82�J]2�7-.ç),7��!582ZB�+8�!�!2�7o�3JM6NL2@ç�-)�_2�Y=69_JM �2$V¡6 �'n6�"=�f�!2�G�2����n��)�6B��!�#),74Ðâ$8\M+-�*�!5-2 7o+-9P\]2��f+-7-.82����!5M�#��6B��!��),74.82�J]2�7-.M�V),74�!582 JM #6>"2��P�g¡U # #��2�.)� � 2��C9_67��n6��'V2� # F6���!582IJM6NL2;5-2;�#�n),7F@¡U # �JM6NL2��XGl��),9ƾ4��) ½½½ 5M6�<2E6Ê�!�#9_�0 #6N�_��2���)GI #�0���!�#78L/)GI6B��!��),7-�[67-.üB�)�!�!2���J]),7-.-�078L:JM6NL27c+-9;\]2����f\�2�7-2�6N�!5W�!582�94@fÅz6NL2 ½½ ÃX�#��6X��J]2�B��#6 FJM6NL2@�m�5-�#�f5-6�U78)���+-B�5d��2���)G^6B��!�#),7-�( 0�#����2�.F@mf5-�0�nJM6NL2;B�)�!�!2��!J�),7M.-�n��)_JM #6>"2����f �),���#78LQ�!��L,5o��)G�2�6B�54)�!5-2���@*bc2�2;�!2�B��!��),7EÃc@ Û @

¥*�ÓÒ £��Ô«c�VQk[¤�����AÕ-¿7�d�]¢P��[:�mf582EL,69Q2:�#��J� #6�"2�.ü'����!5ü.-�¢�]2��!2�7j�[ �2�<2� #�X)G 2�Y=J�2����!�#��2ý Tl���\�Ü��� Z �>�à���3V"iX��� �N���]�����:ia�j��r:�N���C !� @mz6N\M �2 Ø L,��<2����!5-2;��2��c+82�7-B�2;)G^�!��2�JM�fG�), # �)�'V2�.W��)��!582PJM #6�"T�!582P�#7j����)c.-+MB���)�!"TL,69Q2@�¡ï9Q)><23�#�B�5-),��2�7d\o"Z�!2�G�2��!���078L_��)[�!582P7c+-9P\�2��(\]2� �)>'û�!582P6B��!�#),7-�O9_6N�!12�.d¡ï�!58�!),+8L,54Ö ���!2�G�2��Umz6N\M �2 Û �C@

½Û

Page 32: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

äPåT×zï&ç�÷>ïxç"ïAú:ç��]îQä "HØü~å�*ð"ê�ê�õ�îëAê:ò:îfõ

��Ù ó çføBî�÷>õ�ëAç��4î{çûó ê��ûê:ö*ï.ð:î¼ç:ùfï4ì ê~è;õ7ï3ð:ç"ïtï3ð"î3øXëAç��4îûÿn��ñ¤Ú �� ��çyó$ó�ê~ô;ï�ï.ð:îú:ç��]îèyômë¼þ]î�÷>õºëAç�÷n�.îBé�þ]î�ó êl�»ï.ð:î�ç:ùfï4ì ê~è

�~å � ê�ùLç"ï=îÜÛgì éPñ ï3ôm÷ ègú:ç��]î� �9ð]ì õºú:ç��]îSö�ê]÷�úyó ç3øLî�÷<#_ÿ � � ì õ7ï3ð"îQèmômëlþ]î�÷cùLçyó$ó îBéûê~ô;ïSþ3ø[úmó çføBî�÷ � ÿ�# �

å � ê�ùLç"ï=îÑ�¦è:éPñ ï3ôm÷ èXú:ç��]î� �9ð]ì õSì õ7ï3ð"î�ú:ç��]îèyômëlþ]î�÷�þ]î�ó ê��¡ï3ð"î�ç:ùfï.ì ê~è{ù�ð"ê�õ�î�èXìjèlï.ð:î�ë�ì é]ñ ï.ôy÷ èXú:ç��]î� �9ð]ì õºú:ç��]îð:ç"õ7ï&ê[þ]îSõ4çyë�îSö�ê]÷tþ]ê�ï.ðgúmó çføBî�÷>õLå� ��ôy÷ èlï&ê�ï3ð]ì õºú�ç��]î

� å�æ,îBùBêm÷>éXõ�ùBê]÷>îfõ� ëSç��4îlçgè"ê�ï&î�ê:ö*ï.ð:îºõ�ùBê]÷�îfõ9ï3ð:ç"ï�ç�÷�î�ìjè:ézì ùLç"ï&îBénè:î� :ïxï=ê�ï3ð"îQú]ì ùfï3ôm÷�î� îPå �då � ì öpÝßÞ Ý�ì õºëAç�÷n�.îBé � ê~úyú]ê~è"î�è"ïAó ê�õ�îfõ ú]ê�ìjè"ï�õ

�~å#�ê�ï=êõ8ï&î�ú{ü¹*¹d¯�Ò�ÐEãc^3Ó]Ðjà&´|Ðc®|µ,Ð:±qª(ÏzÒ�¹y¶

½ Á

Page 33: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í(¶l»�´t°²Ðç¬�K�^_Ó�¯>¹M°>¯�¶g®|»÷Ïz¹-»MÐcäQªh±M°[¹M® ÐoÎ&¹MÑÊÏzÒ�ÐEä�Ð�à&´|Ð=®tµ,Ð:±«ª(Ñʱy¬�ÐoäÅV #6�"2�� ¡ e ? þ

Å�6NL2 ½ ÃÁ É Ø Ø Ë ½ ÉÅ�6NL2RÃÁ ½ Á ¾�Ë ¾ ÃÁ ½

ÅV #6�"2�� � ¡ e ? þÅ�6NL2 ½ Ë ½ Ë ÃÁ ½ Ã=¾Å�6NL2RÃÁ à ½ à ½ Á ÃÁ ½Û

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐ:ë,^l¹*¹d¯�Ò�ÐE»�¶�¬t¶�®|»Ê¯"­tÐdÑ÷±�¬�ÐoäQªh±M°X¯^±-¯:­ Ï�Ò�¹m¶�Ðo°²äþk6BC5÷J� #6�"2��R��2� # #�P5-�#�I)J-J]),782�7o� �!582[7o+M9;\]2�� \]2� �)�'`�!582[6B��!��),7÷�!5M6N�P582�BC58),��2@ )�!5ÊJM #6>"2�����!582�7R�!+8��7P��)O�!582nJM6NL2����!582����z�!2���J]2�B��!��<2n)J-J]),782�7o�z��2� # #�|�!582�9û��)UL)I��)8@Hmf5M�#�t�#�z�!582nDE%�?(�Sm�½UA�ÂJM6NL2@I%Ü7d�!5-�#�UDW%Ü?(�Sm�½(A( JM6NL23\])�!5dJM #6>"2����O78)>'ï �)c)1W+-7-.-2��(�!582Q6B��!��),7d�!582�"dB�58),�!2R2�6N�C #��2��67-.ZL)���)_�!582;7c+-9P\�2���\]2� �)�'r�!5-6N��6B��!��),7&@kmf5-�#���0�n�!582;þkÂU?(�Sm�½UA�ÂûJM6NL2@¡U # -�!582U�#78G�)��9_6N�!��),7X�#7_�!5-2(DE%�?(�Sm�½UA�ÂrJ�6NL2U�#�V��L,78)�!2�.&@ Õ 7- �"R�!582UþVÂ(?(�Sm�½UA�ÂâJM6NL2��!2�¬�2�B��!��!582R����+82R���!6N��23����67-�!���!�#),7F@�mf582P��+- �2���)G^�!582RL,69Q2Q6N�!23B��!2�6N��2�.:�!+-B�5E�!5-6N��$F��G^6XJM #6>"2��O�0�f\]2��#78L�!6�# �2�.4�g�07-.-�#B�6N��2�.3\c"P6�YN��Yj�C$o�!582�7_5-�0�|)JMJ�),7-2�7j�H'�5-)O�0���!6�# #�#78LO5-�#9ÿ�g�#7M.-�#B�6N��2�.3\c"R6ºYm�Yj�H5-6����)\]2(L,�#<2�7[67[2�Y=����63�#78G�)��9_6N�!��),7X6�n��)3'�5-6N�*�!582(�!6�0 �2�.[JM #6�"2��;K �*7-2�Yc��9Q)�<2U'*),+- #.X\]2@^a�)�'V2�<2��>$%n5-6�<2RB�58),��2�7W��)���L,78)��2I�!5-�#�n��+- #2U�!5-�!),+8L,58),+8�f9P"T2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!��@

¡(�V67Q2�Y869QJM �2$cB�),7-�!�#.82��^����L,+-�!2;¾�Ý=@^�&2�� �!2�J-�!2���2�7o�^�!582(¡( # 0��2�.RJM #6782f67-. � \]2��!582 � 2��C9_67½ È

Page 34: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í(¶l»�´t°²Ðç¬M¬d^PÍO®|³�¶�®|»÷Ïz¹-»�ÐoäQªh±M°[¹M®üÐjÎ&¹MÑÊÏ�ÒlÐEä�Ðjà&´tÐ=®tµjÐE±«ª(Ñʱy¬�ÐoäJM #67-2@(�&2��O+-�U6�!�!+-9_2P\])�!5d6N�!2P),7dJM6NL2 ½ 6�UL,��<2�7:�#74�!582P�ML,+8��2@Ie*),7M�!�#.82���mz6N\M �2 Û @O�&2��I+-��!+8JMJ�),�!2 9_6N12����!5-2 9Q)><2;9�6N�!12�.4?R$-67-. � 9_6N12��f�!582 9Q)><2P9_6N�!12�.EeU@8mf5-2�7F$ �!+-��7-�*��)JM6NL2�ÃÁc$t67M. � �!2�9_6�#7-�U�#7dJM6NL2 ½ @RÅz6NL2 ½ �0�(�!5-23DE%Ü?��SmT½(A(Â`JM6NL2QG�)�I�!582 � 2���9�67:JM�# �)��$'�5-�0 �2UÅ�6NL23ÃÁ_�#�n�!582PDW%Ü?(�Sm�½(A(ÂûJM6NL2 G�)�f�!582;¡U # #��2�.T6���CB���6NGl��@%Ü7E�!5-23DE%Ü?��SmT½(A(Â`JM6NL24�g����L,+8��2T¾¾>�(G�)�O�!582Q¡( 0 #��2�.EJM #6�"2��I'*2Q5-6�<2$|+-7-.82��O6B��!��),7K? �g6�I5825-6.TB�5-),��2�746B��!��),7Z? �k�!582OJM6NL2 7c+-9;\]2��fÃÁc@��Ù5-�#BC5[9_2�67-�n�!582IþkÂU?(�Sm�½(A(ÂâJM6NL2 �0�nÃÁc@Vmf5-�#�JM6NL2�B�67÷6 #��)Z\]2_6N�!����<2�./6N�;\o"d�!2�G�2��!���#78LT��)W6B��!�#),7Êeê�#7:�!582 � 2���9_67�K �PDW%Ü?(�Sm�½(A(ÂæJM6NL2 ½�g����L,+8�!2[¾�Ýj�C@(¡n�U�!582;2�7M.4)G^�!5-�0����2��c+82�7-B�2P)G^9Q)><2���$]�!582PJM #6>"2����(6 #'*6>"c�U2�7-.E+8JW),7E�!5823�!69Q2JM6NL2@

����L,+8�!2E¾ ½ L,��<2��R6W�!�!6N��2T.-2��!B�����J-�!�#),7:)G��!582XJ� #6�"2����LK|9Q)�<2��PG��!),9}),782�JM6NL2[��)E67-)�!582��R+M�!�#78L�!582Q7c+-9;\]2��OL,��<2�7:\c"W�!5823)J-J]),782�7o��@;mf5-2R7c+-9P\�2��C�U9�6N�!12�./�#7E\�), 0.dB�)���!2���J]),7-.E��)Z�!5823JM6NL27c+-9;\]2����n+-7M.82��n�!5-6N��6B��!��),7ZG�)���!5-6N��JM 06�"2���@k�-)�f2�Y=69_JM �2$8�!582I\]), #.[Gg6B�2�.WÃÁZ�gm|6N\� �2 Û �V�!2�G�2������)�7c+-9P\�2��f+M7-.82��f6B��!��),7:eÙ�#7T�!582 � 2��C9_67�K �f\])c)1�@%Ü7/�!582 ��� ����]����� <2����!��),7K)GV�!582�L,69Q2$|�!5-2_JM #6>"2����I�!6N12X�07j��)W6B�B�),+M7j�P�!582_.-�¢�]2��!2�7o� 9_6B�5-�0782���!582�"Q6N�!2T¬M"c�078L �#7F@�þk6BC5X9_6BC5-�#782(5-6�k��),9_2�B�5-6N�C6B���2����#���!�#B��O��'�5-�0B�5�6N��2�.82��!6�# �2�.X�#7Q�!582���+- �2��H)G�!582OL,69Q2��*67-.[9_6>"X78)�n\]2U7-2�B�2��!�!6N���# #"Q2�<2�7- �"X9�6N�!B�582�.F@k%k5-6�<2 BC58),��2�7T��)Q��L,78)��2(�!5-�0�k<2�������),7

½ É

Page 35: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²Ðʬ=·,^QÓ]¯>¹8¯>Ðcä_°²ÐoÏz°²Ðoä�Ð=®�¯�¶g®|»÷ä�Ðjà&´tÐ=®|µ,Ð:±qª(Ñʱ�¬�Ðcä)G��!582IL,69Q2@

%Ü7÷�!582 �,��r��N���� !� L,69Q2$^�!5-2X���!6N�!�!�078LEJ�6NL2[�#�R78)�;�-Yc2�.ç6N�Z¾>ȲÝ=@dDE)�!2�)�<2���$k�!582���2[�#�P6 #��)d�!582�#.82�6 )G&.-�¢�]2��!2�7j�V6 ��!���!+-.82�)GF�!582�JM 06�"2����V�#7j<), #<2�.F@�%^5-6�<2O58)>'*2�<2���$8B�5-),��2�7���)R��L,78)�!2(.-�¢�]2��!2�7-B�2�#7/582��#L,5j�!� �07/9;"d2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!��@_mf582Q���!6N�!�!�#7-LZJM6NL2��#� .-2���2���9_�#782�.:\c":B�6���!�#78L464���¢Yo�S���#.82�.:.-��2�S'(�#B�2@Pmz6N\M �2_Á[L,��<2��O�!582_�!�!6N�!�!�#78L[JM6NL2�� .82�J]2�7-.M�#78L�),7:�!5-23.M��2P��), # #��@;m�582;�������O�!), # |�!2�G�2����O��)B�), #+-9�7F$�67-.E�!5823��2�B�),7-.E�!), # t�!2�Gl2��C����)T�!582P�!)>' @O�8)�O2�Y869QJM �2$]��G��!582��!2R'*6�O6?á ���N�l�# !���&J��S f�'â�!582�7Z�!5-2;���!6N�!�!�#7-LQJM6NL2 '*),+- #.T\]2_¾�Á,ÈZ�g9_6N�!12�.E�#7T\]), #.TGg6B�2;�#7T�!582 �!6N\� �2@Þ�

mf582���2;�#�f),7-2;)�!582��U<2����!��),7W)GH�!582;L,69_2$ � b ��4�N� R �PT¢�,� $]'�5-�#BC54�#7o<), �<2��(9R+- ��!�#JM �2OJM #6>"2����(�07W6.8)LQ��L,5j��$-'(5-�#B�5T'*),+- #.T\]2 63L)c)c.E���!6N�!�!�#7-LQJ�),�07j�nG�)�f'V)��1c�#7-LQ),746Q��2�69 �!����6N��2�L"@

¥*�¦ã §�¥,§��¸���䥡U�*9_2�7j�!��),7-2�.�\]2�G�)�!2$cÅ�6NL2 ½½ ÃR�#�k6R��J]2�B��#6 ��!���!+-6N�!�#),7F@zm�5-�#�^J�6NL2O.-)o2��*78)�n5-6�<2U�!582O+-�!+-6 ���2��)Gn6B��!��),7-�  #�0����2�./+-7-.82��I����@3%�� B�)�!�!2���J]),7-.M�O��)4�!582QJM #6>"2����  �),���#78LZ�!��L,5o�O)G*2�6BC5K)�!582��>@Q%hGV�!5-�#�JM6NL2_)=B�B�+8���;6�;64DE%�?(�Sm�½UA�ÂæJM6NL2$z�!582�7/�!5-2_JM #6>"2�� '�58)Z2�7-.-2�.K+8JK582��!2X�!58),+- #.d'n6���;+-7o�!�# 5-�#�f)J-J]),782�7j�n��L,+8�!2��f),+-�f�!582 2�7-.WJM6NL2@�a�2P�!58),+- #.T�!5-2�74L)���)X�!582 2�7-.WJM6NL2P67M.Z�!2��!+-9_2 �!582L,69Q2

½ Ë

Page 36: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

¾ ½ Ã Ø Û Á¾ ¾¾ ½ ¾�Ãà ¾¾ Ø ¾>È Û ¾>ÈNÁ ¾>ÈȽ ¾�ÁË ¾>È²Ý ¾>Èc¾ ¾ Ø É ¾ Ø Ë ¾ Û Ýà ¾�É=¾ ¾�É ½ ¾�Éà ¾ Û ¾ ¾ Û½ ¾ Û ÃØ ¾�ÁÁ ¬c¼r± ¾�ÁÉ ¾>ÈNà ¾>È Ø ¾>È ½Û ¾>ÈNÉ ¾>ÈNË ¾�ÉNÝ ¾�É Ø ¾�É Û ¾�ÉÁÁ ¾�ÁË ¾>È²Ý ¾>Èc¾ ¾>È ½ ¾>ÈNà ¾>È Ø

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐ4¼�^3Ó�¯�¹-°>¯²¶�®|»dÏ|¹-»�Ðq^¼¹{­|ÐZµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®|äRÑʹ-°²ºMÐc³r¬[¯"­t°²±�´|»«­ ¼:¹-°�ÐT¯:­tÐZ®F´zÑ�¯^Ðo°²äRµ,±M°�&°²Ðoä�Ïk±�®|³z¶g®|»W¯>±4¯"­tÐ[°²±�ÒgÒz±qª^¯:­tÐû³z°²ä�¯;³�¶�Ðq°º¹l­|Ð[°�±�µ�ä;Ñʹ-°²ºMÐc³ ¬Q¯:­t°²±�´|»«­�¼4µj±M°²°�Ðcä�Ï^±�®t³¯>±÷¯"­tÐE°�±�ÒgÒl±«ª�¯:­tÐEä�Ðoµo¶�®|³Ù³z¶�Ы°a()>'*2�<2���$F��GH���f)=B�B�+8���U6���!582RþkÂU?(�SÅ�¡ � þ ��'�5-�#BC5W9Q2�67-�(\])�!54JM 06�"2����(5-6�<2R��)[ 067-.4+8Jd582��!2���!582�7R����9Q2�67-�z\])�!5;JM 06�"2����z5-6�<2� �),�!�z�!�#L,5j�z)G-2�6B�53)�!5-2���@zm�582kJM 06�"2�����5-6><2*�h'V)O)J-�!�#),7-�t\]2�G�)�!2�!582�9ZýH�!5-2�"[B�67EB�58)c),��2I��) �� ������ b � b BT��;� R]R �N�� ��M���N���g�! �� Z �� R� b <å|� b � )�f�!582�"TB�674BC58)o),�!2 ��) ����4� R @kmf5-2fJM #6>"2����V9R+-���V'f������2�),+8�k'�5M6N�k�!582����*B�58),�0B�2�)G&6B��!��),7F$=\]2�G�)�!2f�!582�"_.-�0�!B� �),��2��#��$o6NG���2��'�5-�0B�5T�!582�"Z6N�!2 78)�(6 # �)>'*2�.Z��)�BC5-678L2R����@

%�GF\�)�!5�JM #6>"2����nB�58),��2U��)R2��!B�6NJ]2$c�!5-2�L,69Q2O2�7-.-�V�#7�6R.8��6>'§�07_�!582O�#7o���!)c.M+-B���)�!"3L,69Q2O���!�!2���J]2�B���!��<2Q)GV�!582QJ]),�#7j�O.-�¢�]2��!2�7-B�2@P%hG*67j"E),782QJM #6>"2�� B�58),�!2Q��)4��2�6N��B�5&$|67-.d�!582Q)�!582��I2���B�6NJ�2$t�!582�7�!582(JM #6�"2��V'�58);BC58),��2U��)P��2�6N�CB�5X'��#7-�H�!5-2�L,69Q2@^a(2(�#�kB�),7-�!�#.82���2�._��)P5M6�<2 ���.TkrN �� b Tl�O� R]R �N�� ����� Z �n�&J;� b ;�C�"V @¥*�¦æ ç" �¿¤Q �q ¡�q��¢P¥¦¢P�0�c�¡U # -2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�k6N�!2O.8),782U6�V���#9P+M #6N�!��),7-��@�mf582�L,69Q2U�0�kJM 06�"2�.[+-�!�#78L 6PJ-�!)L�C69`'f�C������2�7��#7TeU@mf582 9�6�#7TJ-�!)L��69 �!�#9QJM #"_Gl), 0 �)>'��f�!582 ����2�JM��)G|�!582;L,69Q2;6�f),+-�! #�#782�.T�#7Zmz6N\M �2 Ø @

mf582QJM�!)L��69}+M��2��;64B�),78�ML,+8��6N�!��),7/�� �2$t'(5-�#B�5÷582� �JM�IB�),7o���!), V�!582_JM6N��69_2���2����;�#7o<), �<2�.÷'�5-�# �2 �2�6N��7M�#78L 67-.���2����!�#78L8@^?O�¢�]2��!2�7o�kJM #6>"2��*9_)c.82��V6N�!2O��J]2�B��¢�M2�._�#7_�!5-�#�H�� �2@zþV6B�5[JM #6>"2��*9_)c.82(5-6�6��� �2 '�5M�#B�5d.8)c2����!582R.82�B��#�!�#),7W9_6N1=�#78L8@(%�7EB�6��23)GH�!582R #2�6N��7-�#78LX6NL2�7j�!��$F�!5-2;�!2�'n6N��.-�U6N�!236 #��)

ÃNÝ

Page 37: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

J-�!)L�C69_9Q2�.K�#7o��)4�!5823�� �2���@_mf582���2��#�I6 #��)E649_67c+-6 HJM #6>"2��;9Q)=.82Q�!5-6N�;6 0 �)>'��;+-��2����I��)WJM #6�"�!582 L,69_2@^%�74�!5-�#��B�6��2$��!582 .-�¢�]2��!2�7o��JM6NL2���6NJ-J]2�6N�f),74�!582;�!B��!2�2�7&@

¥*��è é�¢P¥¦¢P���v�V¿��]�V[:�q��¢P¥¦¢]� �c�þ^<2���"����!6N��2 �#�V�!2�G�2��!2�7-B�2�.T+-�!�#7-L;�!582UJM6NL2I7o+M9;\]2��*�!5-6N��B�)�!�!2���J]),7-.-�V��)Q����@Hmf582O �2�6N��7-�078L;6NL2�7o�+-�!�078LP�!5-2P£(�à�!6N\M �2 5-6��6Q9�6N�����¢Y:� ½½½ J�),���!��\M �2U���!6N��2��ûÜ ½Û J�),���!��\M �2U6B��!��),7-�C�n)G�£(�à<N6 #+82���@^�-)�2�Y869QJM �2$���Gz6B��!�#),7 Û �#7ZJM6NL2[¾�ÁNÝX5-6���!582;9_6²Y8�#9R+-9å<N6 #+82;Gl)�(�!5-6N�(���!6N��2$��!582�7:£M¢¾�ÁNÝ:O�M Û O^5-6��!582;9�6²Y=�#9R+-9 <N6 #+82I)G�6 # ]�!582R£QM¢¾�ÁNÝ:O�M @ OU<N6 #+82���@mf582* �2�6N��7-�078Lf6NL2�7j�H+-���#78L��!582*782�+8��6 o782��S'*)�!1�$����67-�! #6N��2��|�!582*7o+-9P\]2��V¾�ÁNÝU�#7o��)(67R�#78JM+8�F<2�B���)�>@mf582 �078JM+8�*<2�B���)�UB�),7M�!�#���!��)G^É3+-7M���!�n\M6��2�.Z),74�!582;67-6 �"=�!�#�n)G��!582IL,69_2��BK �fJM6NL2���ý� Ø +-7-���!�nG�)��.-�#�!�!67-B�2I\]2��S'*2�2�74JM #67-2���ýf¾OGl)�(2�6B�5W)G^e� �),��2�ê²DE2�.-�#+-9�ê²�t),78L�êbc����67-L2� ½ +M7-���!�(Gl)�IJ]),�!���!�#),7W)G*)J-J]),782�7o��ýR¾R2�6B�5KGl)�I�!582Xb8�#782P67M.:�!582�e*),�!�#782R)G*�!582Q678L, �23��)�!5-2 )J-J]),782�7o�

� ½ +-7-�#�!�fG�)�(J]),�!���!�#),7Z)Gk6NL2�7o�Q�g6�U<=��2�'*2�.W\c"Z)J-J]),782�7o�C�Cý ¾;2�6BC5EG�)�;b=�#782P67-.de*),���#782;)G�!5-2;.-���!2�B��!�#),7T�!582I)J-J]),782�7o�f�#��Gg6B��#78L8@

mf582X782�+8��6 V782��S'*)�!1K5-6� ½Û 5-�0.-.82�7K+-7M���!��$|67M. ½Û ),+-��JM+8�P+M7-���!���ܾ�Gl)�R2�6B�5ç6B��!��),7��C$^67-.Ê�#�Gg+- # �"�B�),7M782�B���2�.4G��!),9ÿ),782P #6�"2��(��)_�!582;782�Y=��@

¥*�¦ë ¾´�d¥Rì©Q �@�ZYíNî«c�c�kì�¥����~�bc),9Q2Q��2��c+82�7-B�2�� )GV9Q)�<2��; �2�6.:��)Z6ZB�"=B� �2_�#7d�!582Q���!6N��2_����67M�!���!��),7-��@I%�7/�!+MB�5/6T�!���!+-6N�!�#),7F$F�!582L,69Q2 L)c2��f),74Gl)�!2�<2��>@kmf5-�#��5M6NJ-J]2�7-�n.-+82I��)�.82���2��C9_�#7-�#��9æ�07X�!5-2;6B��!��),7=�SBC58)o),���#78L�9Q)=.-+- #2(G�)�67�6NL2�7o��@k�8)�*2�Y869QJM �2$c �2��*bR\]2f�!582(B�+8�!�!2�7o�k���!6N��2@*b8+8J-J]),��2$\])�!5_JM 06�"2����VB�67�9_6N12(),7- �"3),7826B��!��),7X�#73�!5-�#�H���!6N��2@^�t2��^�!582��!2���+- ��!�#78LI���!6N��2�\�2fm @%hG�\])�!53JM #6�"2��C�^5-6�<2(),7- �"P),782�6B��!��),7_�073�!5-�#����!6N��2 67-.X\c"�9_6N1=�#78LR�!582�9Z$=�!582�"_L)Q\M6B�1���)Q���!6N��2;b�$c�!582��!2I�#�*63B�"cB� �2O�#7X�!582I���!6N��2O����67-�!�#�!��),7-��@

Ã=¾

Page 38: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�gmf5-�0�*B�6�!2 �#�n�!582I�!�#9QJ� �2����nB�6��2@Þ�Q�-+-�!�!582���$8��G|\�)�!54b[67-.Zmr.-)37-)�f�#7j<), #<2 5-���!�*\o"[67j"[JM #6>"2���!582�7:�!582Q�!B�)��2��IGl)�I2�6BC5/JM #6>"2��I'V),+M #.d�!2�9_6�#7:6�I�!582�"d6N�!2$&\M+-�(�!582QL,69_2Q'V),+- 0.d7-2�<2��I2�7-.F@�gmf582���2 �#�f6 #��)Q�!5-2 J]),�!�!��\M�0 #���S"3)GH6_B�"=B� �2I)GH �2�78L�!5ZL��2�6N��2����!5-67Z�h'V)8@Þ�

?U2�6.- �)=B!1=�nB�67[6 0��);)=B�B�+8�n'�582�7��!582��!2O�#�V7-),7=�S.82���2���9_�07-�#�!9Z$\�+8�k�!582O�!���!+M6N�!��),7��#�*�!�#9��# #6N�H��)3�!5826N\])><2@[mf5823),7- �":.-�¢�]2��!2�7-B�2_�#7:�!5M�#�IB�6��2��#�O2�6BC5÷J� #6�"2��;5M6� 64��2�� )Gn6B��!��),7-�P�#7-����2�6.:)Gn),7- #"),782@Omf58236NL2�7j�IBC58)o),�!2��I69Q),78L[�!5-�#�U��2��O��67-.8),9_ #"$M\M+8�('�5-6N��2�<2�� 6B��!��),7:���U�!6N12���$& �2�6.M����)Z6B�"=B� �2@

mf5-�0�*�0�!�!+82O)G�.82�6.- �)=B!1T�#��78)�f��J]2�B��¢��B(��)��!5-�#�nL,69Q2@*b8�#9_�# #6N�n�!���!+M6N�!��),7-��6N�!2I1=78)>'(7Z��)Q2�Y=�0���f�#7)�!582��PL,69Q2��;67-.K2�7j<=���!),7-9_2�7j�!� 6�;'V2� 0 @_�8)�;2�Y869QJM #2$|�#7:�!582�L,69Q2_)G�B�582�����$z�#Gk2�6B�5ÊJM #6>"2�� �),��2��V6 # =�!582fJ���2�B�2��^2�Y8B�2�J-�k�!5-2ûWÜ1c�078L]Y=$j�!582�7�782����!582��^J� #6�"2��*B�67�6B�5M��2�<2(6P.82�B��#�!��<2�<=�#B���)�!"3)�<2���!582 )�!5-2���@*m�582IJ-�!)\M #2�9åB�674\]2I�!2���), #<2�.4\c"T.-2�B� #6N���#78LQ�!5-2 L,69Q2;��)X\]2 .8��6�'(7F@k%Ü7Z�!5-�#�fL,69Q2$�!582T9_6�#7çB�),7j����), VJM�!)L��69 12�2�JM�R����6B!1Ê)Gf�!582T7o+M9;\]2��R)G�9Q)><2���$k67-.ç+-�!+-6 # #":.-2�B� #6N�!2��367j"L,69Q2 �!5M6N�fL)o2���\]2�"),7-.K¾ Û Ý�9_)><2���6�(6_.8��6>' @

¥*�¦ï ¾´�V[��~�m�k¿�¢]� ��� ���¼¢ZÀ��/¿��]��ª�¿��]�c§��]¥� »  �ðì ¥,§��«�c¢mf582(������6N��2�L"_)G]�!582(��67-.8),9�6NL2�7j�n�#�H��)RJM�#B�1367o"3)GF�!582 ½Û J]),�!�!��\M #2n6B��!�#),7-�V�07_67j"_�!�!6N��2@^mf582J-�!)L�C69_9Q2�.T)J-J]),782�7o��.82���2���9_�#7-2���6R�!2��f)Gt�!2�6�!),7-6N\M �2 6B��!��),7M�nGl)�f2�6BC54���!6N��2$�67-.[��67-.8),9_ #"JM�#B�1c�fGl�!),9å�!5-�#����2���@km�582 ��2����#��B�),9_JM+8��2�.W�07T�!582IGl), 0 �)>'��078LQ9_67-782��

� ?U2���2���9��#782 �!582 B�+-�!�!2�7o�f���!6N��2@� ¡U�!�!+M9_�#78LP�!582I)J-J]),782�7o�*.82�B��0.82��*��)_B�),7j�!�#7c+82:¬M"=�#78LR�#7[�!582IB�+8�!�!2�7o��.-���!2�B��!��),7&$c.82���2��C9_�#782'(5-�#B�5Z6B��!�#),74'*),+- #.TJM+8���!5-2I)J-J]),782�7j�f�07ZGl��),7j�

mf582(6N\�)�<2(.82�B��0�!��),7_9_6N1=�#78L �0�^�!�#9QJ� �2n\M+8�k5-6�V67ÂW��#7M582��!2�7o��YI1c7-)>'� �2�.-L2f)G]'�5-�#BC5_6B��!��),7[ �2�6.-���)O6�JM6N���!�#B�+- #6N�z���!6N��2�B�),7=�ML,+8��6N�!�#),7F@|mf5M�#�t.8)c2��z78)�z9_2�67;�!5-6N�z�!582n6NL2�7j�H�#�|2�Y=���!2�9Q2� �"IJ])>'*2��!Gg+- @¡¤ 0�#9_���!6N�!��),7X��)Q�!5-�#�n6NL2�7o���#�*�!582 6�!��+-9QJ-�!��),7X�!5-6N��)J-J]),782�7o��B�),7j�!�07o+82��n��)'¬�"�������6��L,5o�;��'�5-�0B�5

à ½

Page 39: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

'��# 0 �7-)�f6 �'*6>"c��\]2I�!582;B�6��2��C@

¥*�0�Vñ ò?À��c�0�~� ���ºN´��¢P�0�c�mf582O7-6N�!+8��2()G&�!5-2U6NL2�7o�f.82���2���9_�0782��k�!5-2U6B��!+-6 FBC58),�#B�2O)Gt6B��!��),7&@k¡(�n�!6�0.�\]2�G�)�!2$o�!5-2U�C67-.8),96NL2�7o�O���#9QJM �"TB�5-)o),��2��O67o"Z)GH�!582 ½Û 6B��!��),7M��@�mf582PJ-�!)L��69�9Q2�.W)JMJ�),7-2�7j��BC58)c),��2��U��67-.8),9_ #"69Q),78LT6��!2���)G^�!2�6�!),7-6N\M �2;6B��!�#),7-��@�mf5-2P �2�6N��7M�#78L_6NL2�7o�(JM�0B!1=�(6B��!��),7M�(����)=B�5M6���!�#B�6 # �"÷�g.M+8���#78L�!582 ���C6�#7-�#78LRJM5-6�!2@Þ�36B�B�)��.-�#7-LQ��)�M �t�#7&$#¾�ËË ½ Oàý

ó ÓH� µ à µ `kôa` Õ!�]�\à Ð�@Ì@vÔõrö�÷nøúù øû ö�õÔüpý Ïo�þ �ð��Ë Ð�ÿ ��� v õ*ö�÷nøßù��û ö�õVü

'�582���2��Dv Ó ` Õ Ð B�)�!�!2���J]),7-.-�^��)3£(�à<N6 #+82f)G&6B��!�#),7Ñ`!$��:v��T�#�^6;��2�9QJ]2���6N�!+8�!2fJ�6N��69Q2���2���$=+-�!+-6 0 �"12�J-��B�),7M���!67j�3�g�#7T�!5-�#�n�!5-2��!�#�f���f�0��9_6�#7o�!6�#782�.Z6N� ½ �C$�67-.nÄ��.Õ!` � 6c¾;�!2�Gl2��C����)_�!582 ��2���)G�6B��!�#),7-��#7i67o"ÇL,��<2�7§���!6N��2@â%Ü7Ç�!582d6N\�)�<2EG�)��9R+- #6=$n�!582d6B��!��),7 '(���!5i5-��L,5-2��[£(�à<N6 #+82W�#�X6�!�!��L,7-2�. 6L�!2�6N��2��('V2���L,5o��$-\M+-�n6B��!�#),7-�f'��#�!5[ #)>'*2��U£(�à<N6 #+82��f6N�!2 7-)�fB�),9QJM �2���2� �"T��L,78)��2�.F@^mf5-�#�n6N����2�9QJM�!���)�6BC5-��2�<2P6_\M6 #67-B�2I\]2��S'*2�2�742�Y=JM �)�C6N�!��),7Z67-.Z2�Y=JM �),���!6N�!�#),7F@

?O+8���#7-L���2����!�#7-L8$F�!582Q �2�6N��7-�#7-LX6NL2�7o�!� B�58)c),��2Q6B��!��),7-�I.-2���2���9_�#7-�0���!�#B�6 # �"@Omf582�"WJM�#B!1W�!582Q6B��!��),7�!5-6N��B�)���!2���J]),7-.-�3��)K�!5-2W9_6²Y8�#9P+M9 <²6 #+-2ZGl�!),9ߣ(�à�!6N\M �2Z)�X�!582Z),+8��JM+8�_ 06�"2���)GO�!58247-2�+8��6 782��h'V)�!1�@

ÃÃ

Page 40: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

·I¸º¹ ª ú&ô�» ªk¨U©]«

%Ü7_�!5-�#�V��2�B��!��),7X%H.-�#�!B�+-���H2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!�kJ]2��!Gl)�C9Q2�.Q),7X�!582���2�����\]2�.F@Hmf5-2�J-�!2� 0�#9_�#7-6N��";��2��k)GF��2��!�!�B�),7-�!�0����)Gk���#9QJM �2;2�YcJ]2����#9_2�7j�!��@�%�7E�!582���2$]�!5823 �2�6N��7-�078L�6NL2�7o�O�0������6�0782�.E6NL,6�07-���O67W)J-J]),782�7o�'�58)P�#�H2����!582��V��67-.8),9`)�kJ-��)L��69_9Q2�.d��'����!5_��),9_2���67-.-),9_782��!�C�C@Hmf5-2���2f��2����!�V'V2���2�2��!��2�7o�!�#6 # #"��+-7T��)X���!+-.8"[�!582  �2�6N��7-2��LK ��\]2�5-6�<=��)��'��#�!5T�!2���J]2�B��f��)���J]2�B��¢��B()JMJ�),7-2�7j�!��@%Ü74�!582RJ-�!2� #�09_�#7-6N�!"X��2����!��$�%f6N����2�9QJ-�U��)[67M��'V2��U�!582RGl), 0 �)>'��078L_�o+-2����!��),7-�(�!2� #6N�!�#7-L_��)X�!5-2P6NL2�7o�\]2�5-6�<=��)��ý

� ?U2���2���9��#782;�!+M���!6N\M �2I �2�6N��7M�#78LR��6N��2��P��.H�� a()>' .8)c2��_�!582WJM6N��69Q2���2���.ï6²��2�B��X�!582E #2�6N��7-�#78L��}%Ü�� �2�6N�C7-�#78L:Gg6����2���ê�\]2�����2��[�#G.�07-B��!2�6��2����

� �Ù5-6N��6N��2;��),9Q2;��+-���!6N\M �2I �2�6N�C7-�#78LR��6N��2��fG�)��\])�!5Z9Q2��!5-)c.-���÷�g¡(�!2 �!582�"[�!582;��69Q2����� þV���!6N\M #�0�!5[\M6��2� #�#7-2��nGl)��B�),9_JM6N���#��),7M��)Gz6NL2�7o�!�

� ?U)c2��f�!582P �2�6N��7-�#7-LR�C6N��2;6²��2�B��(�!582IL2�782���6 0�IH�6N�!��),74B�6NJM6N\��# #���h"��� �Ù5-�#BC549Q)=.82� ]L2�782���6 0�IH�2��f\]2�����2��P�g6N\M #2I��)_\]2�6N�f)J-J]),782�7o�!�f78)�f����6�0782�.Z6NL,6�#7-���C���

� 2�782��C6 # �"$j2�6BC5T6NL2�7j��5-6�V6;��67-L2�)G& �2�6N��7M�#78LI��6N��2��V'����!5-�07Q'�5-�#BC5_���V'V)�!1=�V'V2� # à@z?U2���2���9_�07-�#78L�!+-�#�!6N\M �2P #2�6N��7-�#78LX��6N��2��I�#7E�!5-�#�O9_67-7-2��U582� #Jd�#7W�-Y8�#78L[�!582RJM6N��69Q2���2��IG�)�I�!58239Q)�!2Q6.8<N67-B�2�.2�Y=J�2��C�#9Q2�7o�!��@i%Ü7Ç�!582W9Q)��2WB�),9QJM �2�YÇ��2��X)GU2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!��$V%R����"Ê��)ç�#7j<2��!�!��L,6N��2 �C��w� Br²�N� Z �\Tg�� $�!���!+M6N�!��),7-�n'�582���2I\�)�!5W6NL2�7j�!�(6N�!2; �2�6N��7M�#78L8@kbc),9Q2 )Gz�!582;�c+82����!�#),7-�n�!5-6N�f)=B�B�+8�(6N��2ý

� e�58),�#B�2���)GH¡UB��!��),7-�� �Ù5-�#BC549Q2��!58)=.Z)G�B�58)c),�!�#7-L�6B��!��),7-��'*)�!1=�f\]2�����2����� %Ü�f�����!5-2;�!69Q2 G�)�f\])�!5Z6NL2�7o�!���

à Ø

Page 41: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

� en),9QJM6N���#�!),7T\�2��h'V2�2�7E6NL2�7j�!�� �Ù5-�#BC546NL2�7o��'*)�!1c�f\�2�����2����

Ò��0� Î �z¢ZÀ���ì���Q �c§��¡U�R9_2�7j�!��),7-2�.Ê\]2�G�)�!2$H�!582[2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!�R6N�!2Z.8),782X'����!5ç�!�#9R+- #6N�!��),7M��@Emf5-2X�!2���+- ��!�R�!58)>'(7÷G�)�2�6B�542�YcJ]2����#9_2�7j�n6N�!2I6�<2���6NL2�.E)><2�����2�7Z.-�¢�]2��!2�7j�n�#7-�#�!�#6 �B�),7M.-���!��),7-��@z�8)��2�Y=69QJ� �2$8�#7[�!582IB�6��2)G&�!582I�t2�6N��7-�#78LR¡�L2�7o�;�à£(�à�!6N\M #2��C$=63��2�2�.T�#�n+-�!2�.���)3L2�782���6N��2I�!5-2U�C67-.8),9æ�#7-���!�#6 M<²6 0+82��k)G|�!582£(�à�!6N\M #2@4mt2�7ç�!+-BC5÷��2�2�.Ê<²6 0+82��;6N�!2[6N�!\M�����C6N���# �"dB�58),��2�7�67-.÷�!582X��69Q2�2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�;�#�;��+-7/G�)�2�6B�5E)Gz�!582;B�6��2���@

?O6N�!6KB�), # �2�B���2�.Ç�0�P�!5-2T7c+-9P\]2��R)G('��#7-�P�!2�B�)��.-2�.�\o"Ê2�6B�5ÇJM 06�"2��_67-.ç�!582Z7c+-9;\]2��3)G�L,69_2���!5-6N�U2�7-.W�07W6[.8��6�';@f%�7W)\-�!6�#7-�078L_�!5823.-6N�!6XJ-�!2���2�7o��2�.E�074�!5-�#�(��2�B��!��),7F$�%f.-�#.W�!582;2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�

äPå���÷�çmìUè]ìjè��� ×zï&ç�÷>ï<��ì ï3ðQìjèmì ï.ì çyój�xñ�ò�çyó$ô:îfõºÿ�õ4ç3øgþ]îfï���îBî�è{ñ Ø åIälçyè"é�Þ Ø åIä �

� ö�ê]÷�ï.ð:î�ùBê~èmè:îBùfï4ì ê~è]ì õ8ïAëAêyéyî�óqìUè]ì ï4ìGçmó$ì íLî�ï.ð:î��î:ì �zð"ï�õ9ê:ö*ï3ð"îè:îfï��@êm÷n�� ��÷�çmìUè�ö�ê]÷cõ�ê~ëAîQèyômë¼þ]î�÷�ê:ö��mçyëAîfõºÿ�õ4ç3ø�� �� æ,îBùBêm÷>éXï.ð:îºõ�îfï�ê:ö<��ñ�òPçyó$ô"îfõ¼ÿ���ð]ì ù�ðûð�çLò�îþ]îBî�èûôyú]éyç"ï&îBénô;õfìUè��ï3ð"îó îLç�÷ èmìjè��a÷0ômó î �

� ö�ê]÷�ï.ð:î�ùBê~èmè:îBùfï4ì ê~è]ì õ8ïAëAêyéyî�ó«÷�îBùBê]÷>éXï3ð"î:��î:ì �zð"ï�õ9ê:ö@ï3ð"îè:îfï���ê]÷n�� æ,î�ú]îLç"ï�ï.ð:î¼çyþ]ê:ò:îSï���êQõ8ï&î�ú;õºôyè;ï.ìjóyçlõBô��Qù:ì î�è;ïSèmôyë¼þ]î�÷cê:ö©��ñ�òPçyó$ô"îSõ�îfï=õ9ç�÷>î¼ê~þ;ï8ç]ìUè"îBé

ü~å��,îfõ8ï.ìjè��� ��êm÷�îLç:ù�ð{õ�îfï�ê:ö<��ñ�òPçmójô"îfõ9êm÷ä��î:ì �zð"ï�õ¼÷>îBùBê]÷>éyîBéaçmþ]ê:ò�îÿ0ç � Ù ó çfølï3ð"î5�mçyë�îQÿ��9ì ï3ð"ê~ô"ïSó îLç�÷ èmìjè�� � ö\êm÷cõ�ê~ëAîèmôyë¼þ]î�÷cê:ö-�mçyë�îfõÿ8þ � æ,îBùBêm÷>év÷>îfõBômó ï�õxö�ê]÷�îLç"ù�ðº�mçyë�î

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐI±«^{¹l­|ÐW»�Ðc®|Ðo°²¹MÒnÑÊÐj¯"­|±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶¸ªS±M°[¯"­|ÐWÐoÎ&Ï^Ðc°²¶gÑÊÐc®�¯�äQÏ^Ðo°:ªS±�°²ÑÊÐc³�°¼¹{­tÐdÐoÎ&Ï^Ðo°�&¶gÑ÷Ð=®�¯>ä3¹-°²Ð4µ,¹-°²°N¶lÐc³ ±�´&¯_¶g®ü·dÏ*­|¹-ä�ÐcäP® �\�8��T��dT��o� ¹M®|³ �S ����\T��o� °l¹{­|Ð4ä�¯>ÐcÏ|ä�ªh±M°û¯k±-¯"­Çµj¹-ä�Ðcä¹-°²ÐE±�´&¯²Ò�¶g®|Ðo³§¹d¯^±�¬�Ðq°

à Û

Page 42: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

����2���6N�!�#<2� �"@k����������$8%����!6N���f'����!5Z674�07-���!�#6 ]��2��f)G�JM6N�C69Q2���2�����ý �# ��P�C�dT��o�[�8��S fik� Z �ûe� f�3�&J(�y�N�� ��4i�# frN ��k�&JP�y�N�� 3iI ��à�;| %U�!582�7K���C6�#7:�!582�6NL2�7o�!�367-./��2���� �!5-2�9Z@Xmf5-2_�!2��!+- #�!�O)G*�!5M�#�I��2����!�#7-LW6N�!2�!58)�'�74�#7Z6_�!6N\M+- #6N�f67-.4L��6NJM5-�#B�6 ]G�)��9_6N�!��@

þk6BC5�2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�3�#�RB�6N�!����2�.ç),+8�3�#7ç�S'*):JM5-6��2���ý��!582 �\�&�PTl�dT��o� JM5-6��2T67-.ç�!582 �S ����\T��o� J�5-6��2@?O+8���#7-L_�!582R����6�#7-�#7-L_JM5-6��2$]�!582R �2�6N��7-�078LX6NL2�7o�IB�58)c),��2��O6B��!��),7-�O����)=B�5-6�!�!�#B�6 # �"$]'�5-�0 �2 �!582R)J8�J]),782�7o�VB�5-)o),��2���6B��!�#),7-�n�#7�63.82���2���9��#7-�#���!�0B�9_67-782���@Hmf5-2O£(�à<N6 #+82��I�g�#7��!582UB�6�!2U)Gt�!582I£U�à�!6N\M �2�!2�J-��2���2�7j�!6N�!�#),7��f6N��2R��2�B�)��.82�.:6N�(��2�L,+- #6N�I�#7o��2��!<²6 0��@�%Ü7d�!582P��2��!�!�#78L[JM5-6��2$]�!5823 �2�6N��7-�078L�6NL2�7o��$+-�!�078LQ�!5823£U�à<²6 #+-2����!2�B�)�C.82�.W6N�U�!2�L,+- #6N�U�#7o��2��!<²6 0��.-+8�C�#78LQ����6�#7M�#78L8$-JM�0B!1=��6B��!��),7d.82���2���9_�07-�#���!�¢�B�6 # �"K�g+-��+-6 # �"T�!582R9_6²Y=�09P+-9 <²6 0+82 G��!),9 �!5-23£(�à�!6N\M #2��C@(mf582���2;�#��7-)X+8JF.-6N�!�#7-LQ)G^�!5823£U�à�!6N\M �2.-+8�C�#78LQ��2����!�#7-L8@Umf5-2;)J-J]),782�7o�('*),+- #.E78)��9_6 0 �"T\�2P�!58236NL2�7j�I6NL,6�#7-�!�('�5-),9 �!5823 �2�6N��7-2��('n6�����6�#7-2�.F$82�Y=B�2�JM��.-+8���078L �L�Ü�N���P�S ����\T��o� @kmz6N\M �2PÈ3L,��<2����!582;�!��2�JM��G�)�f2�6B�5EJM5-6��[email protected]�#�!B�),+M7j�fGg6B���)�I+-��2�.E�#7W6 # t�!582���2PL,69Q2��O�#�f12�J-�UB�),7-���!67o�I6N�(Ý=@ÄËc@(m�582;�!2���+- ��!��J-��)><=�#.82�.6N�!23+-�!+-6 0 �"TGl)�U�!58236.8<²67MB�2�.EL,69_23 #2�<2� @U¡U # t�!582R.M6N�!6X�!5-)>'�7:�#7W�!582R�!2�B��!��),7:6N�!2P�!5-2P�!2���+- ��!�)G��!582I��2����!�#7-L_JM5-6��2@

Ò���� §û�m�VQ0�� ¡����¥,���Ý���V[�U<Q ¢H[ã�°0·�°g¬ ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGS¬&äg±X¹�®t³z±�Ñ ¨X»�Ðc®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ý*mf582I�M�C���f��2���)GH2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�f�#7o<), �<2�.W�!582R£ï6NL2�7o�O �2�6N��7-�#7-L36NL,6�07-���(6_��67=�.8),9�J� #6�"2��R+-�!�#78LZ6ZGg+- # k£U�à�!6N\M �2@�mf5-2_��2��o+-2�7-B�2_)G�����2�JM�;),+8�! #�#782�.:�#7÷m|6N\M #2XÈ['*6�;Gl), 0 �)>'*2�.F@£(�à�!6N\M #2��V'*2��!2I����)�!2�.T2�<2���"TÃNÝÝÝ3L,69Q2��nG�)��.´ÌÙÝ=¿ Ý8¾ 67-.[2�<2��!"d¾�ÝÝÝ3L,69Q2���G�)�p.¿ÌÙÝ=¿ Ý Û á!Ý=¿#¾±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ýz%�7�m|6N\M #2�Éc$o�!582( �2�6N��782��^�#�^��2�����2�.�6NL,6�#7M���k6I��67M.8),9ï)J-J]),782�7o��@Hmf582f.-6N�!6P�!58)>'(7_6N�!2G�)�f �2�6N��7-�#7-LP��6N��2���Ý=@ Ý8¾N$�Ý=@ Ý Û 67-.ZÝ=@#¾N@Vmf582IB�), #+-9_7T),7T�!5-2  �2�Gl���!5-)>'��n�!582IJ]),�#7o�!�n6N��'�5-�#BC5T�!582£(�à<N6 #+82��k'V2��!2(�!2�B�)��.82�.[.-+8�C�#78LO����6�#7-�078L8@Hen), #+-9_7-� ½ 67-.XàL,��<2��!5-2(7c+-9;\]2��^)GF'(�#7-�H�!2�B�)�C.82�.\c"Q2�6B�5[JM #6>"2���@^mf582U #6���VB�), 0+-9_7�B�)���!2���J]),7-.-�H��)R�!582O7o+M9;\]2��^)G&L,69_2��V�!5M6N�k2�7-.82�.[�#7X6;.8��6>' @

ÃÁ

Page 43: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

����� � � ! �"���#� ��$ �����#�%!&('#) *,+.- /0-�1 23+54 &(' ) *6+5- /0- 1 27+.4 &('#) *,+.- /0- 1 27+.48 +:9�;%- <=;%- > <=;%- > 8 +59?;@- <=;%- > <=;@-�> 8 +:9�;%- <=;%- > <=AB-�>C 9?)�D�> C 9�)ED�> C 9�)ED�>F ���?� F?G?H I�G�G F � ! !��?��� F �J$ F?KML F�KML !����?� I?I�H F�H?F F�HJLG ���?� F ! G F?F?K F�KJN F �?��� I�L�N F $ G F?N?F F ���?� K � L I?G?N I?G?N!�$����?� F � I F�KJH F�KJG $?�?��� FJL?I F ! K F ! F $����?� $ NJL I�I ! I !?!I !����?� FJL�H F � N F ! K L �?��� K�G?K I $ L I�K�H L ���?� N?H $ !�$ G !�$?$I�L ���?� K?K � I�H � I�L�G G �?��� $ G $ I � F I �?� G ���?� L $�! ! I $ ! I�FF?F ���?� $ F � I�FML I�FJI !?!��?��� NJL�G ! N�I !�$ L !?!����?� L�G?G !�� I GJLF?G ���?� $ H $ I �J$ I � H ! F �?��� L�KJH ! I�F ! I�H ! F ���?� H?F?G H � H �K $����?� N $ L ! N�H ! L�K !�$?�?��� L�N�H !�! H !?! F !�$����?� H�K?K L�H L?L$�!����?� N?H?N !�$ K !�$ G ! L �?��� H?F?K H $ H � ! L ���?� H?F?H H � H �$ L ���?� L ! L ! KMI ! F�G ! G �?��� H?F ! H $ H?F ! G ���?� H $ F L ! L $

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐKð�^�ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»¸¨[»MÐ=®�¯0E�$º&!¯�¹d¯zÒ�ÐVGl¬&äX±X¹�®t³z±�Ñ ¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^�­�®§¯:­tÐ/¹d¯k±y¬�Ð/¯>¹d¯�Ò�Ðq®k¯"­tг�°�ä�¯Iµ,±�Òg´|Ñç®/ä;­|±�µ�äO¯"­|Ð�®F´|Ñ�¯kÐo°I±«ªH»M¹MÑÊÐoäO¹dªS¯>Ðc°Sµg­|¶�µ�­/¯"­|Ð�$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäAµRÐc°²ÐQ°�Ðcµ,±M°²³zÐo³³�´t°N¶g®t»Ê¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�®H¯"­|ÐEä>Ðoµ,±�®t³Ù¹M®|³§¯"­z¶l°²³§µ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®|ä�ä;­|±�µ}¯"­|Ð:®F´|Ñ�¯^Ðc°[±qª�»�¹MÑÊÐoäµ3±�®¯,¶Ç¯"­|Ð4ì*Ðo¹-°N®|Ðo°X¹M®t³ ¯"­|Ф±[¹M®t³z±�Ñƹ-»MÐ=®�¯_°²Ðoä�ÏkÐoµ¯²¶>¬�ÐcÒ�¶d®H¹M®|³ü¯"­tÐEÒl¹Mä�¯_µ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®üä;­|±�µ�ä¯"­|Ðd®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°�±«ª�»M¹�Ñ÷Ðcä3¯"­|¹8¯¶t¶�ÐcÒ�³zÐo³§¹÷®|±A&�°²Ðoä>´zÒl¯}Eܯ>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³ ±�¬�Ðo°d¬�KðKVKÊ»M¹MÑÊÐoäHG

Ã,È

Page 44: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð ¬oÌ�^ ½ °�¹-Ï*­ ®;Ò�±M¯>ä E�¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐâðRG¿ªS±M° ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|» ¨X»�Ðc®�¯ E�$º&!¯�¹d¯zÒ�ÐVG�¬&ä�±[¹M®t³z±�Ѩ[»MÐ=®�¯]^ ¹l­|ФÏ�Ò�±-¯i±�®ÿ¯"­|Ð ´|Ï|ÏkÐo°§ÒlÐ�ªà¯iµj±M°N®tÐc° µ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zäi¯>± . ÌéÝ=¿ Ý8¾ ®X¯"­|Ф±�®tб�®`¯"­|Ði°N¶l»¦­�¯ . Ì Ý=¿ Ý Û ¹M®t³`¯"­|Ð ±�®|Ð_¯kÐcÒ�±�µÚµ,±M°²°²Ðoä�Ïk±�®|³|ä÷¯>± . Ì Ý=¿#¾ ° ¹{­|ÐPO�&�¹8Ît¶�ä°²ÐoÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>äç¯"­|Ðâ°�Ðc»�´zÒ�¹-°ü¶g®�¯>Ðc°"¬=¹�ÒläǶg®©µg­z¶�µ:­å¯"­|Ð $'&�¬=¹�Ò�´|Ðcä�µ3Ðc°�Ðr°²Ðoµj±M°²³|Ðc³ ³�´t°N¶g®t»¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�®RQ?&�¹8Ît¶�ä�¶�äQ¯"­|Ðd®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°�±«ª�µX¶g®|äQ¯,¶i¹/ÏzÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°�E!¶g®tµjÒg´|³|Ðcä_³z°�¹yµ�ä�G"°����L,+8�!2I¾�ÃUL,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä]^ en #2�6N�� �"$]Gl��),9��!5-2QL��6NJM5d'V2_B�67/�!2�2Q�!5-6N�I�!582Q �2�6N��7-�078LX6NL2�7o�;�#�O6N\M �23��)T\]2�6N�I�!582��67-.-),9`)J-J]),782�7o�n782�6N�� �"�É Û#S )G&�!5-2(�!�#9_2@^¡( #�!)8$oG��!),9æ�!582IàL��6NJ�5-�*JM �)����2�.T�#7�����L,+-�!2R¾�Ãc$='*2��2�23�!5-6N�O�!582Q �2�6N��7M�#78L_��6N��2_�07-.82�2�.d6²��2�B��!�O�!582Q7c+-9P\�2��U)GkL,69_2��O�!582Q6NL2�7j� 5-6�U��)T\]2P���C6�#782�.)><2��>$z��)d6B�5-�#2�<2[6W'��#7:J]2���B�2�7o�!6NL2X)G�TÿÉ Û @4mf5-2_ �2�6N��7-�#7-L4�#�IGg6����2��R�07/�!582�B�6��2[)G�.ÇÌ Ý=¿#¾N$�!2�.-+MB�2���'�582�7_.¿ÌÙÝ=¿ Ý Û 67-.4�#���! #)>'*2�����69Q),78L��!582 �!58�!2�2I'(582�74.´ÌÙÝ=¿ Ý8¾N@

ÃÉ

Page 45: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�U���#� �#! ����� � �J$ �����#�%!&3'#) *6+5- VW+ C 27+54 &('#) *6+5- VX+ C 27+.4 &3'#) *6+5- VW+ C 27+548 +:9�;%- <=;@-�> <=;%- > 8 +59?;@- <=;%- > <=;@- > 8 +:9�;%- <=;@- > <=;%- >C 9�)ED�> C 9?)�D�> C 9�)ED�>!��?��� I?N�I I�K�N K�G ! !����?� N�K $ I?G FJI $ !��?��� GJI�F F L�FF �?��� KJN�I I ! $�!�$ I ���?� G�IJL F N?G I �?��� G�H?F � ! N$��?��� N $ K K F�K � F ���?� G?N $ � F�K F �?��� G�H?H � !?!L �?��� H ! G ! ! L�G K ���?� G?H�N � ! F K �?��� G�G � � GG �?��� G � L ! G ! $����?� G?H�F � ! N $��?��� G�H?H � !?!!�!��?��� G?K � � $ G N ���?� G?H?K � !�$ N �?��� G�G�I � L! F �?��� G�N?H � F ! L ���?� G?H�G � !�� L �?��� G�G $ � K!�$��?��� GML�N � I�F H ���?� G?G ! � H H �?��� G�G?F � N! L �?��� G�H ! � ! H G ���?� G?H?K � !�$ G �?��� G�G?F � L! G �?��� G�H�K � !�$ !����?�?� G?H�G � !�� !��?�?��� G�G $ � K

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐ:ò�^3ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»�¨[»�Ðc®�¯0E�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG�¬&äÑ® °²±M»�°�¹�ÑÊÑÊÐo³»¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^P­�® ¯"­|Ð:¹d¯^±�¬�ÐE¯>¹d¯�Ò�Ðq®¯"­|Ðdz�°�ä�¯iµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ® ä;­t±�µ�ä�¯:­tÐû®F´|Ñ�¯^Ðc°i±«ª4»M¹MÑÊÐcäǹdªà¯>Ðc°�µg­z¶�µ:­å¯"­|Ð $'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcä�µRÐc°²Ð°²Ðoµ,±�°�³zÐc³�³�´t°N¶g®t»¤¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�® ¯"­|Ð ä>Ðoµ,±�®t³ ¹M®|³ ¯:­|¶�°²³�µ,±�Òg´|Ñç®tä/ä"­t±�µÚ¯"­|Ðü®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°÷±«ª»M¹�Ñ÷Ðcäûµ3±�®Ç¯,¶ü¯"­|ÐKì*Ðo¹M°²®|Ðo°Z¹�®t³¤¶l¯>äT±�Ï|Ï^±�®tÐ=®�¯Z°�Ðcä�Ï^Ðcµ¯�¶�¬�ÐcÒ�¶d®�¹M®|³r¯"­|ÐKÒ�¹-ä�¯Zµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®ä;­|±�µ�äQ¯"­|Ðd®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°�±«ª�»M¹�Ñ÷Ðcä3¯"­|¹8¯¶t¶�ÐcÒ�³zÐo³§¹÷®|±A&�°²Ðoä>´zÒl¯}Eܯ>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³ ±�¬�Ðo°:¬�KðKVKÊ»M¹MÑÊÐcä�G

ã�°0·�°#· ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGS¬&ä�® °²±M»M°²¹MÑçÑ÷Ðc³ ¨[»�Ðc®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶@^ mf582_�!2�B�),7-.÷��2��;)G*2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!� �#7o<), �<2�./�!5-2[£ÿ6NL2�7o�P �2�6N�C7-�#78LZ6NL,6�#7-�!�P6J-�!)L�C69_9Q2�.[JM #6>"2���@^mf582O��2��c+82�7-B�2O)G|����2�J��V),+-�! #�#782�.[�#7[m|6N\M #2IÈ;'n6�VG�), # �)�'V2�.&@V£(�à�!6N\M �2��*'*2��!2����)�!2�.42�<2��!"K¾�ÝÝÝ_L,69Q2���@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>äP^ %Ü7imz6N\M �2dËc$n�!582d �2�6N��782��[�#�_��2��!��2�.ü6NL,6�#7M���X6÷J-�!)L��69_9_2�.i)J-J]),782�7o�E��'�58)Ê5-6�6/��J]2�B��¢��B[9Q)�<2ZGl)�Q2�<2��!"����!6N��2@Þ��mf582T�!6N\M #2T��58)>'��Q.M6N�!6EG�)�_ �2�6N��7M�#78Ld��6N��2��_Ý=@ Ý8¾N$nÝ=@ Ý Û 67-.Ý=@#¾N@ mf582RB�), #+-9_7E),7d�!5823 �2�Gl�U�!58)�'��U�!582PJ]),�#7o�!�U6N�U'(5-�#B�5E�!582_£(�à<N6 #+82��('V2��!2R�!2�B�)��.-2�.d.M+8���#78L����6�#7M�#78L8@üe*), #+M9_7-� ½ 67-. Ã/L,��<24�!582W7c+-9P\]2��Q)G('��07-�3�!2�B�)��.82�. \o"ç2�6B�5üJM #6>"2���@ mf5-24 #6���B�), #+-9�7ZB�)�!�!2���J]),7-.-�n��)��!582;7c+-9;\]2���)GzL,69Q2��(�!5-6N�f2�7-.82�.Z�07Z6_.8��6>' @

����L,+8�!2I¾ Ø L,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�

ÃË

Page 46: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐE¬oã�^ ½ °²¹-Ï*­I®;Ò�±M¯>ä�E�¹*¹d¯�Ò�ÐXòRG�ªS±�°Rì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»v¨[»MÐ=®�¯�E�$'&!¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐÔG7¬&ä ®;°�±�»M°²¹MÑÊÑÊÐc³¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^ ¹l­|ФÏ�Ò�±-¯i±�®ÿ¯"­|Ð ´|Ï|ÏkÐo°§ÒlÐ�ªà¯iµj±M°N®tÐc° µ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zäi¯>± . ÌéÝ=¿ Ý8¾ ®X¯"­|Ф±�®tб�®`¯"­|Ði°N¶l»¦­�¯ . Ì Ý=¿ Ý Û ¹M®t³`¯"­|Ð ±�®|Ð_¯kÐcÒ�±�µÚµ,±M°²°²Ðoä�Ïk±�®|³|ä÷¯>± . Ì Ý=¿#¾ ° ¹{­|ÐPO�&�¹8Ît¶�ä°²ÐoÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>äç¯"­|Ðâ°�Ðc»�´zÒ�¹-°ü¶g®�¯>Ðc°"¬=¹�ÒläǶg®©µg­z¶�µ:­å¯"­|Ð $'&�¬=¹�Ò�´|Ðcä�µ3Ðc°�Ðr°²Ðoµj±M°²³|Ðc³ ³�´t°N¶g®t»¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�®RQ?&�¹8Ît¶�ä�¶�äQ¯"­|Ðd®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°�±«ª�µX¶g®|äQ¯,¶i¹/ÏzÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°�E!¶g®tµjÒg´|³|Ðcä_³z°�¹yµ�ä�G"°

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐW¬cë�^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­£®;Ò�±-¯ÜE�¹*¹d¯�Ò�Ð4¬�KRG�ªS±�°;ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¤¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVG�¬&ä�®;°�±�»M°²¹MÑÊÑÊÐc³¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^¹{­tÐ�Ï�Òl±M¯dµj±M°²°�Ðcä�Ï^±�®t³zäd¯>±rÒlÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»Ù°�¹8¯�ШK�°#ò�°»¹l­|ÐYOÜ&�¹-Ît¶läd°²ÐoÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>äE¯"­tа²Ðo»�´|Ò�¹-°Q¶g®�¯>Ðc°;¬8¹MÒ�ä3¶�®�µg­z¶�µ:­ç¯:­tÐ}$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcä�µ3Ðo°²Ð[°�Ðcµ,±M°²³zÐo³Ç³�´t°N¶g®t»d¯>°²¹M¶g®z¶�®|»�®WQ�&�¹-Ît¶lä3¶�ä¯"­|Ðd®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°�±«ª�µX¶g®|äQ¯,¶i¹/ÏzÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°�E!¶g®tµjÒg´|³|Ðcä_³z°�¹yµ�ä�G"°

Ø Ý

Page 47: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

Â(+-9å)G �&��7 Åk�!L ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �&��7 Å^��L ?(�C6�'����6�#7 �Ù�#7-� ����6�#7 �Ù�#7-�L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��¾�ÝÝÝ Û Ë=¾ ½ ¾�Ý ¾�Ë,È ¾¾�ÝÝÝ ÈNËË ¾�É=¾ ¾�˽ ÝÝÝ Á ½ È ½ ÈNÉ Ë Ø ¾ ½ ÝÝÝ Á Ø É ½ É Ø ÁÁÃNÝÝÝ È ½Û ½²Ø È ½ È ¾�ÃNÝÝÝ ÁÁ=¾ ½ Á=¾ ÈÈØ ÝÝÝ ÈÈNÉ ¾�É=¾ ÃË ¾ Ø ÝÝÝ È Ø ¾ ½ ÝjÈ Û ¾Û ÝÝÝ Û Á Ø ÃÉà ۽ ¾ Û ÝÝÝ Á Ø É ½ ËNÝ ÁNÝÁNÝÝÝ È²Ý Û ½²Ø Á Ø É ¾�ÁNÝÝÝ Ø Ë Ø Ã,È Û ¾�ÃNÝȲÝÝÝ ÁÃË ½ ÈNÁ É Ø ¾>ȲÝÝÝ È Ø Ý ½²Ø ¾ ¾>ÈÉNÝÝÝ È ½ È ½Û à ¾�Ë ¾�ÉNÝÝÝ ÈNÉÉ ¾�ÃË È ½ËNÝÝÝ Á=¾�Ë ½ Éà Ë,È ¾�ËNÝÝÝ È Û½ ¾�ËNÝ Û È¾�ÝÝÝÝ ÈÈ²Ý ½ Ý,É ½ Ý ½ ÝÝÝÝ Û È Û Ã ½ É ËÁ

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐç¬�K�^Pì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t» ¨X»�Ðc®�¯îE�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVGº¬&äÜ® °²±M»�°�¹�ÑÊÑÊÐo³¡¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^;ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»Â±[¹8¯>Ðdä�Ðo¯¹8¯}K�°#ò�°÷­�®¤¯"­|Ðʹd¯k±y¬�Ð÷¯�¹d¯zÒ�Ы®�¯"­|г�°�ä�¯Wµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ® ä;­|±�µ�ä4¯"­|ÐÊ®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°E±«ª;»�¹MÑ÷Ðcä4¹dªS¯>Ðc°µg­z¶�µ:­E¯"­|ÐÑ$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoä9µRÐc°�ÐR°²Ðoµ,±�°�³zÐc³d³�´|°²¶g®|»�¯>°²¹M¶g®z¶�®|»�®�¯"­|ÐPä�Ðcµ,±�®t³/¹M®|³E¯"­|¶�°²³:µ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®|ää;­|±�µÀ¯"­|ÐÇ®F´|Ñ�¯^Ðc°d±qªR»M¹MÑÊÐoänµR±�® ¯,¶ ¯"­|ÐçÒ�Ðc¹-°²®|Ðc°d¹�®t³ï¶l¯>äW±�Ï|Ïk±�®|Ðc®�¯d°�Ðcä�Ï^Ðcµ¯�¶�¬�Ð=Ò�¶d®¹M®|³K¯"­|ÐXÒ�¹-ä�¯ µ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®÷ä;­t±�µ�ä ¯"­tÐ[®F´|Ñ�¯kÐo°P±qª^»�¹MÑ÷ÐcäO¯"­|¹8¯S¶t¶�ÐcÒ�³zÐo³Ê¹4®t±Ô&�°�Ðcä>´zÒ0¯?Eܯ>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³±�¬�Ðc°E¬jKVKðK÷»�¹MÑ÷Ðcä�G6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä]^ en �2�6N�� �"$MGl�!),9 �!582 L��6NJ�54'*2PB�67W�!2�2;�!5-6N�(�!582P �2�6N�C7-�#78LQ6NL2�7o�U�#��6N\M �2 ��)X\�2�6N�(�!582J-�!)L�C69_9Q2�.X)J-J]),782�7j�*9Q)�!2U�!5-67TË,È S )GF�!5-2(�!�#9_2@�¡U�*\]2�Gl)�!2$c'*2U��2�2U�!5-6N�*�!582( #2�6N��7-�#78L;��6N��26²�]2�B��!�(�!5-2P7c+-9;\]2��()GHL,69Q2��U�!582P6NL2�7o�U5M6����)X\�2P����6�#782�.4)><2���$]��)T6B�5-��2�<236_'(�#74J]2���B�2�7o�!6NL2)Gp| ËNÝ S @�8�!),9 ����L,+8��2��X¾�ÃE67-. ¾ Ø $V���P�#�PB� �2�6N�R�!5-6N�P�!5-2[6NL2�7o�3\�2��078L4����6�#7-2�.K<2����!+M�;�!582XJ-�!)L��69�9Q2�.)J-J]),782�7o�z #2�6N��7-�|G�6����2��H67-.36BC5-��2�<2��H6U5-��L,582��zJ]2���B�2�7j�!6NL2�)GM'��#7-��@|mf582*J-�!)L��69_9_2�.;)J-J]),782�7o�9_6N12��I9Q)�<2��I'����!5d #�����! #2;��67-.-),9_782��!��@Omf5-�0��9Q2�67-�U�!5-6N�I.-+-���#78L_���C6�#7-�#78L8$��!582Q �2�6N��7-�078L�6NL2�7o�5-6��L�!2�6N��2��V�!B�)J]2*)G�)\-�!6�#7-�078L��!2�'n6N��.-��)�HJ�+-7-�#�!5M9Q2�7j�!��@&%�7R�!582�B�6��2�)G��!582n��67-.8),9û)J-J]),782�7o��$�!582f �2�6N�C7-�#78LI6NL2�7o�^'�5-�# #2*2�Y=JM �)�C�#78LU�!582f���!6N��2���$=.8)c2��^78)�^9_6N12f��)c);9_67o"R�!2�'*6N�C.-���g582�L2��!��H�2��!)

Ø ¾

Page 48: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.¿ÌOÝ=@ ÝÝ8¾ .¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý8¾ÂU+-9ÿ)G �t��7 A(7-. ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �&��7 A�7-. ?U��6�'���C6�#7 �§�07-� �§�07-� ����6�#7 �Ù�#7-� �Ù�#7-�L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��

¾�Ý ËËÃ Û ¾ ¾�Ý ËË ½ Á ¾ÃNÝ ËË Ø Ø ¾ ÃNÝ ËË=¾ Á ¾Û Ý ËË ½ Á ¾ Û Ý ËË ½ Û ¾È²Ý ËË ½ Á ¾ È²Ý ËË Ø Ø ¾ËNÝ ËË ½ Á ¾ ËNÝ ËËÃ Û ¾¾¾�Ý ËË ½ Û ¾ ¾¾�Ý ËË Û Ã ¾¾�ÃNÝ ËË=¾ È ¾ ¾�ÃNÝ ËË ½ Á ¾¾ Û Ý ËËÃ Û ¾ ¾ Û Ý ËË Ø Ø ¾¾>È²Ý ËË Ø Ø ¾ ¾>È²Ý ËË ½ Á ¾¾�ËNÝ ËË Ø Ø ¾ ¾�ËNÝ ËË ½ Á ¾

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐd¬M¬q^Uì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»v¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbLDL G�¬&ä¼±[¹M®|³|±�Ñ ¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^O­�®K¯"­|Ð[¹d¯^±�¬�ÐX¯>¹d¯�Ò�Ðq®]¯"­|Ðû³�°²ä�¯µ,±�Ò�´zÑç® ä;­t±�µ�äç¯"­|Ðâ®F´zÑ�¯^Ðo°Ç±«ªT»M¹MÑÊÐoäç¹dªS¯>Ðo°�µX­|¶�µ�­æ¯"­tÐí$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoä�µRÐc°²Ðr°�Ðcµ,±M°²³zÐo³³�´t°N¶g®t»Ê¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�®H¯"­|ÐEä>Ðoµ,±�®t³Ù¹M®|³§¯"­z¶l°²³§µ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®|ä�ä;­|±�µ}¯"­|Ð:®F´|Ñ�¯^Ðc°[±qª�»�¹MÑÊÐoäµ3±�®¯,¶Ç¯"­|Ð4ì*Ðo¹-°N®|Ðo°X¹M®t³ ¯"­|Ф±[¹M®t³z±�Ñƹ-»MÐ=®�¯_°²Ðoä�ÏkÐoµ¯²¶>¬�ÐcÒ�¶d®H¹M®|³ü¯"­tÐEÒl¹Mä�¯_µ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®üä;­|±�µ�ä¯"­|Ðd®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°�±«ª�»M¹�Ñ÷Ðcä3¯"­|¹8¯¶t¶�ÐcÒ�³zÐo³§¹÷®|±A&�°²Ðoä>´zÒl¯}Eܯ>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³ ±�¬�Ðo°d¬�KðKVKÊ»M¹MÑÊÐoäHG�!2�'n6N��.��07_9Q),���*���!6N��2��C�V67-.��#�^�!6N12��n6 '�5-�0 �2n\�2�G�)�!2�5-2�L,6�#7-�V�!+~}XB��#2�7j�k9_2�67-�#78LGg+- =2�Y=J�2��C��2�7-B�2@�8�!),9�����L,+8�!2�¾ Û 67-.4mz6N\M �2�¾�Ý=$�'V2P��2�2;�!5-6N�( �2�6N��7-�#7-L_�#�f78)��7-2�B�2��!�!6N���# #"XGg6����2��(6���!582P #2�6N��7-�#78L��6N��2:JM6N��69_2���2��4�#7-B��!2�6��2���@êm�582��!2:��2�2�9_�[��)�\�2:6�H���LN� H�6NLi�#7ü�!582:L��6NJM5F$�+M7- #��12E�!582E2�6N�C #��2��B�6��2���@S�Ù582�7E�!582R #2�6N��7-�#78L���6N��2Q�#�(5M��L,5F$M2�6BC5:�!2�'n6N��.E�07�¬�+82�7-B�2����!5823+8JF.-6N�!�#78L_)Gk�!582Q£U�à�!6N\M �2�!��L,7M�¢��B�67o�! �"@tmf5-�0�&9Q2�67-�t�!5-6N�t��G=67;6NL2�7o�|��2�B�2���<2��|6�5-��L,5 �#9�9Q2�.-�#6N��2H�!2�'n6N��.;Gl)�z67;6B��!��),7;�!5-6N�+- ��!�09_6N��2� �"Q.-�#._7-)�*582� #JX6B�5M��2�<2O�!582�L),6 $8���*9_6�"XB�),7j�!�#7c+82(�!6N1c�#7-LP�!582U6B��!��),7/���!582U2�YcJM #)��6N�!��),7)G��!582I'*)�� #.Z�#����2�.-+-B�2�.��V'��#�!58),+8��6B��!+-6 # �"T �2�6N��7M�#78L3�!582I\]2����f6B��!��),7F@

ã�°0·�°�Ì ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}EbL}L�G�¬&äQ±[¹M®|³|±�Ñ ¨[»�Ðc®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýtmf5-�0���!2��t)Gc2�YcJ]2����#9_2�7j�!�&�07j<), �<2�. �!582kB�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#���|£(�S6NL2�7o�� �2�6N��7-�#7-Ln6NL,6�07-���6[��67-.8),9 JM 06�"2���@ mf5-2R��2��c+82�7-B�23)Gk�!��2�JM�O),+8�! #�#7-2�.W�#7dm|6N\� �2�ÈQ'n6�OGl), 0 �)>'*2�.F@ mf582R'*2���L,5j�!�O)G

Øj½

Page 49: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�!582;7-2�+8��6 F782��h'V)�!1T'*2��!2 �!2�B�)�C.82�.Z2�<2��!"/¾�ÝQL,69Q2���@±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ýn%�7dm|6N\� �2X¾¾N$]�!582R �2�6N��782��O�#�f��2��!��2�.d6NL,6�07-���O6���67M.8),9å)J-J]),782�7o��@(m�582;.-6N�!6T�!58)�'�76N�!2(Gl)�* �2�6N��7-�#7-LI��6N��2��VÝ=@ ÝÝ8¾N$867-.XÝ=@ Ý8¾N@kmf582(B�), #+-9_7Q),7��!582( #2�Gl�k��58)>'��k�!582fJ]),�#7o�!�k6N�V'�5-�#BC5Q�!582£(�à<N6 #+82��k'V2��!2(�!2�B�)��.82�.[.-+8�C�#78LO����6�#7-�078L8@Hen), #+-9_7-� ½ 67-.XàL,��<2��!5-2(7c+-9;\]2��^)GF'(�#7-�H�!2�B�)�C.82�.\c"Q2�6B�5[JM #6>"2���@^mf582U #6���VB�), 0+-9_7�B�)���!2���J]),7-.-�H��)R�!582O7o+M9;\]2��^)G&L,69_2��V�!5M6N�k2�7-.82�.[�#7X6;.8��6>' @

�8�!),9 mz6N\M �2;¾¾('*2U��2�2(�!5-6N�*�!582( �2�6N�C7-�#78L;6NL2�7o�n5-6�V7-);���!),+8\� �2f\]2�6N�!�#78LP�!582���67M.8),9 )J]),7-782�7o��@%��UB�67:6 #��)X\]2P��2�2�7dG��!),9 �!5-2R.-6N�!6[�!5-6N�[W� �2�6N��7M�#78L]Y��0�(78)�(<c�0�!��\M �2$M\o"4'(5-�#B�5W%�9Q2�67E�!5-6N�O�!582 �2�6N��7M�#78LOJ-�!)=B�2��!�k.-)o2��V78)�^G�), # �)>'ü6 �!9Q)c)�!5�B�+8��<2@^þ^<2�7�6;�!9_6 # -7c+-9P\]2��H)GFL,69Q2��k�#�k�!+~}XB���2�7o���)_\]2�6N�f�!582I�C67-.8),9ÿJM 06�"2����!�#L,7-�¢��B�67o�! �"@^mf5-�0�*�07-.-�#B�6N��2��n�!582;J�)�'V2���)Gz�!5-2;782�+8��6 F7-2��S'*)�!1�@

ã�°0·�°¢ã ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}EbL}L�G�¬&äÑ®;°�±�»M°²¹MÑÊÑÊÐc³ ¨[»MÐ=®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýtmf5-�0���!2��t)Gc2�YcJ]2����#9_2�7j�!�&�07j<), �<2�. �!582kB�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#���|£(�S6NL2�7o�� �2�6N��7-�#7-Ln6NL,6�07-���6PJ-�!)L��69_9_2�.�JM 06�"2���@^mf5-2(��2��c+82�7-B�2U)Gt����2�JM�*),+8�! 0�#782�._�#7[mz6N\M �2OÈ 'n6�VG�), # �)�'V2�.&@�m�582('*2���L,5o�!�)G��!582 782�+8�C6 F782��S'*)�!1T'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.42�<2��!"K¾�ÝÝQL,69Q2���@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ý3%�7Êm|6N\M #2E¾ ½ $��!582T �2�6N��782��R�#� ��2�����2�.�6NL,6�#7M���P6WJ-�!)L��69_9_2�.÷)J-J]),782�7o��@4mf582X.-6N�!6�!58)�'�7W6N��2 Gl)�U �2�6N��7-�078LQ��6N��2��UÝ=@ ÝÝ8¾N$�Ý=@ Ý8¾N$F67-.4Ý=@#¾N@�mf5-2;B�), #+-9_74),74�!582R �2�Gl�(�!58)>'(�f�!582 J]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.W.-+8���#7-LP����6�07-�#78L8@ke*), #+M9_7-� ½ 67-.WÃRL,�#<2 �!582;7c+-9P\�2���)G'��#7M�(��2�B�)��.82�.:\c"E2�6BC5KJM #6>"2���@3mf582Q #6��� B�), #+M9_7:B�)�!�!2���J]),7-.-�O��)Z�!5-2_7o+-9P\]2��O)GVL,69Q2�� �!5-6N�2�7-.82�.W�#7Z6Q.8��6>' @

����L,+8�!2I¾�ÁUL,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

¨T®t¹MÒ�¶&ä>¶�ä ý^e� �2�6N�� �"$o�!582�J-��)L��69_9Q2�.�JM #6�"2��* �),��2��*6;�!�#L,7-�¢��B�67o�^7o+M9;\]2��k)G]L,69Q2���@ka�)�'V2�<2��>$6�Z�#7ü�!582:B�6��2:)G;�!582d��67-.8),9ß)J-J]),782�7o��$f�!582/ �2�6N�C7-�#78LKJM�!)cB�2����[.-)o2��T78)�TG�), # �)>' 6��!9Q)c)�!5B�+8�!<2@I%Ü7-����2�6.&$��!5-2��!2R�!2�2�9 ��)[\]2R�!9_6 # �¬�+-B��!+-6N�!�#),7-��@I¡ �2�6N��7M�#78L_��6N��23)G*Ý=@#¾R�!2�2�9_�O��)T\-���#78L

Ø Ã

Page 50: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�U��� �@! ����� � � ! �"���#� �?� !&3'#) *6+5- VW+ C 27+54 &('#) *6+5- VX+ C 27+.4 &3'#) *6+5- VW+ C 27+548 +:9�;%- <=;@-�> <=;%- > 8 +59?;@- <=;%- > <=;@- > 8 +:9�;%- <=;@- > <=;%- >C 9�)ED�> &7& C 9?)�D�> &3& C 9�)ED�> &7&!��?��� HML�G G?N I�K !����?� GJL�L I ! ! !��?��� H?K�F !�$ K !F �?��� H $ G $ F HJL F ���?� G?NJI F�N ! F �?��� H�H�I N�K $ F$��?��� H $ K ! F?G $ $����?� GJL�N ! G K $��?��� H�N � ! F $ KL �?��� L�F?N K�F I?I � L ���?� G $ H H F�I L �?��� H !�$ ! N � I�KG �?��� H?KML ! H ! F?K G ���?� G?N?K F�F I G �?��� HML�G !?! H !!�!��?��� G?K�G I�L I?I !?!��?�?� H?GML N�H F�K !�!��?��� GJI ! N?G H! F �?��� L�N ! I�G I � H ! F �?�?� G?HML !�� I ! F �?��� H�H?G !�� N F!�$��?��� L � L F?F I $ G !�$?�?�?� G?H � ! L I !�$��?��� G?K?K $ I I! L �?��� L?I�L I�G I�KMI ! L �?�?� GJL�F I?F I ! L �?��� H�G?G G?G !! G �?��� N?K�H N ! I�G � ! G �?�?� G?N�H I�K L ! G �?��� G�F�I N�I K

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐÔ¬=·,^ ì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t» ¨[»�Ðc®�¯ EbLDL G ¬&ä ® °²±M»�°�¹MÑçÑÊÐo³ ¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^ ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»ß±[¹8¯>ÐcäK�° ¬q®�K�°ÓK&¬d®ÓK�°�KðK&¬q°R­�®ç¯"­|Ð4¹d¯k±y¬�ÐZ¯>¹d¯�Ò�Ðq®|¯"­|Ð[³z°²ä�¯Qµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®iä;­t±�µ�ä3¯:­tÐ4®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°_±qª�»�¹MÑ÷Ðcä¹dªS¯>Ðo°¤µg­z¶lµ�­ ¯"­|ÐB$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäaµ3Ðo°²ÐÊ°²Ðcµ,±M°²³|Ðc³û³z´|°²¶g®|» ¯�°�¹M¶g®z¶g®t»c®�¯"­tÐçä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ê¹M®|³¤¯"­z¶�°�³µ,±�Ò�´zÑç®täOä;­|±�µæ¯:­tÐ_®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°I±qªH»M¹�Ñ÷Ðcä�µ3±�®´¯,¶d¯"­|Ð_Ò�Ðo¹-°N®|Ðo° ¹�®t³K¶l¯>äO±MÏzÏ^±�®tÐ=®�¯I°�Ðcä�Ï^Ðcµ�&¯�¶�¬�Ð=Ò�¶d®|¹�®t³Ç¯:­tÐ4Ò�¹-ä�¯3µ,±�Ò�´zÑç®Çä;­|±yµXäP¯:­tÐ4®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°Q±qªn»M¹MÑÊÐcä;¯"­|¹8¯{¶t¶�ÐcÒ�³zÐo³i¹:®|±A&�°²Ðoä>´zÒl¯Eܯ>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³ ±�¬�Ðo°d¬�KðKVKÊ»M¹MÑÊÐoäHG

ØØ

Page 51: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð§¬c¼�^ ½ °²¹-Ï*­ ®;Ò�±-¯>ä/E�¹*¹d¯zÒ�ÐÙ¬c·rGXªh±M°:ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»¡¨[»�Ðc®�¯%EbLDL Gû¬&ä}®;°�±�»M°²¹MÑÊÑÊÐc³¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^ ¹l­|ФÏ�Ò�±-¯i±�®ÿ¯"­|Ð ´|Ï|ÏkÐo°§ÒlÐ�ªà¯iµj±M°N®tÐc° µ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zäi¯>± . ÌéÝ=¿ Ý8¾ ®X¯"­|Ф±�®tб�®û¯:­tÐÇ°N¶�»«­�¯ .ÝÌÿÝ=¿ ÝÝ8¾ ¹�®t³ê¯"­|ÐDZ�®|Ð�¯^Ð=Ò�±yµ×µ,±�°�°²Ðoä>Ï^±�®|³|äd¯>± .ÇÌ Ý=¿#¾ °Ý¹l­|ÐZO�&�¹8Ît¶�ä°²ÐoÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>äç¯"­|Ðâ°�Ðc»�´zÒ�¹-°ü¶g®�¯>Ðc°"¬=¹�ÒläǶg®©µg­z¶�µ:­å¯"­|Ð $'&�¬=¹�Ò�´|Ðcä�µ3Ðc°�Ðr°²Ðoµj±M°²³|Ðc³ ³�´t°N¶g®t»¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�®RQ?&�¹8Ît¶�ä�¶�äQ¯"­|Ðd®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°�±«ª�µX¶g®|äQ¯,¶i¹/ÏzÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°�E!¶g®tµjÒg´|³|Ðcä_³z°�¹yµ�ä�G"°.8)�'�7_�!582(6NL2�7j�BK �*J]2��!G�)��9_67-B�2$c�!+8LL2����!�#7-L �!5-6N�V6P�! �)�'V2��* �2�6N��7-�#7-LI��6N��2(�!5-),+- #.3\]2�+-��2�.�Gl)�V�!582B�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#���f9Q)=.82� @

Ò��¦¥ §û�m�VQ0�� ¡����¥,���íòg�]� [ [DÍ��ð[;¢]����§ã�°#Ì�°g¬ ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGS¬&äg±X¹�®t³z±�Ñ ²QÏzÏ^±�®tÐ=®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýR%Ü7K�!5M�#�;��2��P)Gf2�Y=J�2��C�#9Q2�7o�!��$|78)E����6�#7-�078L4'n6�P.8),7-2@4%�7M����2�6.F$z�!582[ #2�6N��7-�#78L6NL2�7o�!�X�g+-�!�078LTG�+- 0 H£U�à�!6N\M �2Q67-.KÂUÂO�(���C6�#782�./6NL,6�#7-�!�I�!582QJ-�!)L��69�9Q2�./)J-J]),782�7o�O'V2��!2_+M��2�.F@mf582 6NL2�7o�!�('V2��!2;��2�����2�.W6NL,6�#7M������67-.8),9å)J-J]),782�7j�!��67-.Z�!582I�!2���+- ��!�n'*2��!2 �!2�B�)��.-2�.F@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ýf%Ü7:m|6N\M #2X¾�Ãc$F�!582Q �2�6N��7-2�.E6NL2�7o� �#�(��2�����2�./6NL,6�#7-���I6X��67-.8),9 )J-J]),782�7o��@Imf582R.-6N�!6

ØjÛ

Page 52: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�!58)�'�7:6N�!23Gl)�  #2�6N��7-�#78LX��6N��2��IÝ=@ Ý8¾N$tÝ=@ Ý Û $z67-.:Ý=@#¾N@;mf5823B�), #+-9_7d),7:�!5823 �2�G��I�!58)>'(�(�!5-2RJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.W.-+8���#7-LP����6�07-�#78L8@ke*), #+M9_7-� ½ 67-.WÃRL,�#<2 �!582;7c+-9P\�2���)G'��#7M�(��2�B�)��.82�.:\c"E2�6BC5KJM #6>"2���@3mf582Q #6��� B�), #+M9_7:B�)�!�!2���J]),7-.-�O��)Z�!5-2_7o+-9P\]2��O)GVL,69Q2�� �!5-6N�2�7-.82�.W�#7Z6Q.8��6>' @

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ý_�8��),9 ����L,+-�!2W¾>ÈW67-.Êmz6N\M �2d¾�Ãc$H'V2TB�67ç��2�2X�!5M6N�R78)E)\M��2��!<N6N\M �2XJM6N����2���7Ê2�Y=�0���!��@mf582���2T�0�Q �)�3)G(<N6N���#6N�!��),7Ç6�� �2�6N��7-�#7-LE��6N��24BC5-678L2���@im�582Z �2�6N��782�.Ç6NL2�7o��.8)c2��Q78)�Q\]2�6N�Q�!582��67-.-),9 )JMJ�),7-2�7j�Q�!��L,7M�¢��B�67o�! �"@K%Ü7ÇB�6��2Z)GW. Ì Ý=¿#¾T�!582���2T�0�Q6d7-)�!�#B�2�6N\M �2Z.82�B��!2�6�!2W�#7ç'��#7J]2���B�2�7o�!6NL2@Z%h�R9_��L,5o� \]2Q'V)�!�!5o'�5-�0 �2Q��)W)\M�!2��!<2��!582XL��6NJM5-�P�#7K����L,+8��24¾�ÃW�#7÷B�),9QJM6N���#�!),7/��)�!582 ),7-2��(�#7Z����L,+-�!2�¾>Èo@�mf5-�#��B� #2�6N�� �"T�!58)>'(�f�!5-6N�(�!582 L2�782���6 0�IH�6N�!��),7WB�6NJ�6N\M�# #���h"X)G��!582P6NL2�7j�O�#� #�#9�����2�.F@

�U��� � � ! ����� � �J$ �"���#�%!&3'#) *6+5- VW+ C 27+.4 &3'#) *,+.- VW+ C 27+.4 &('#) *,+.- VW+ C 27+548 +:9�;%- <=;@-�> 8 +:9�;%- <=;@-�> 8 +:9�;%- <=;%- >C 9�)ED�> C 9�)ED�> C 9�)ED�>!��?��� I?G?G F $�� F?K�G !����?� F ��$ F?KML F�KML !����?� K � K I�G?N I�G?HF �?��� F �?� F?K�H F $�! F ���?� F ��$ F $�! F�KJI F ���?� I � H K �?� F?G �$��?��� F �#! F?K�H F $�� $����?� F � L F?K�H F�K�F $����?� I � G F?G � F?G?GL �?��� K � I I?G?N F �#! L ���?� I !�� F�G?F F?G?N L ���?� I ! I F?H?G F?GJLG �?��� K � K F �?� I?G $ G ���?� I ! I F�G?F F?G?F G ���?� I !?! F?H?N K �#!!�!��?��� K � K I?G?N I?G?G !�!����?� I ! F F�G � F?G $ !?!����?� I ! F F?H?G F?GJL! F �?��� F � N F?KJI F $�! ! F ���?� I ! K F�G � F?G�K ! F ���?� I ! I F?G � F?G?N!�$��?��� F � N F�F?H F $ K !�$����?� I ! K F�HJL F?GJL !�$����?� I ! K F?G�I F?G?F! L �?��� F � H F?KJI F?K�G ! L ���?� I ! K F�H�K K �#! ! L ���?� I ! I F?G?H F?H?G! G �?��� F � G F?K ! F?K�G ! G ���?� I ! K F�H?H F?G?N ! G ���?� I ! F F?G ! F?G $

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐ:¬cÌ�^IìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»v¨[»�Ðc®�¯�E�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG�¯>°²¹M¶g®|Ðo³ç¹-»M¹�¶�®|ä�¯º® °�±�»M°²¹MÑçÑ÷Ðc³�¨X»�Ðc®�¯m®&¯>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³¹-»�¹M¶g®tä�¯�±X¹M®|³z±�Ñ ÏzÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°m^dìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|» °²¹8¯>ÐcäDK�°ÓK&¬q®:K�°�K�ë,®WK�° ¬d°�¹l­|ÐʹM»MÐ=®�¯>äZ¯>°²¹M¶g®tÐc³ê¶�®Ïz°�Ðy¬t¶�±�´|äÇä�Ðoµ,¯�¶�±�® µ3Ðc°�Ф´|ä�Ðc³�°�­�®ÿ¯"­tФ¹d¯^±�¬�Ðr¯�¹d¯zÒ�Ы®_¯"­|л³z°²ä�¯iµ,±�Òg´|Ñç®ÿä;­|±�µ�äç¯"­tЮF´zÑ�¯^Ðo°W±qª »�¹MÑ÷ÐcäZ¹dªS¯>Ðo°nµg­|¶�µ�­r¯"­|Ð%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcä[µ3Ðo°²ÐK°²Ðoµ,±�°�³zÐc³ ³�´t°N¶g®t»i¯>°�¹�¶�®z¶g®t»c®n¯"­tÐä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ê¹M®|³¤¯"­z¶�°�³ µ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®|ä4ä;­|±�µé¯"­|Ðç®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°W±«ª;»M¹�Ñ÷Ðcä[µR±�® ¯,¶r¯:­tÐçÒlÐc¹-°N®tÐc°d¹M®t³¶l¯>äR±MÏzÏ^±�®|Ðc®�¯3°²Ðoä�ÏkÐoµ¯²¶>¬�ÐcÒ�¶d®z¹M®|³Ê¯:­tÐ4Ò�¹-ä�¯Rµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®�ä"­t±�µ�äP¯"­|ÐT®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°3±qªn»M¹MÑÊÐcä ¯"­|¹8¯¶t¶�ÐcÒ�³zÐo³§¹÷®|±A&�°²Ðoä�´|Òl¯}Eܯ�Ðoä�¯�Ðo³ü±y¬�Ðo°d¬�KðKVKÊ»M¹MÑÊÐcä�G

Ø Á

Page 53: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐW¬A±¦^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­I®;Ò�±-¯>äÑE�¹*¹d¯�Ò�ÐW¬cÌrG9ªS±�°;ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¤¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVG*¯>°²¹M¶g®|Ðo³K¹M»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯¹�Ï|°²±M»�°�¹�ÑÊÑÊÐo³Ù¹-»�Ðc®�¯m®V¯>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³r¹-»�¹M¶g®tä�¯Z¹�±[¹M®t³z±�Ñ ¨X»�Ðc®�¯m^g¹l­|ÐKÏ�Ò�±-¯Z±�®Ù¯:­tÐ÷´|ÏzÏ^Ðo°Ò�ÐyªS¯Wµ,±�°²®|Ðo°:µ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zäW¯>± .¡Ì`Ý=¿ Ý8¾ ®(¯:­tÐç±�®|Ðʱ�® ¯"­tÐç°N¶l»¦­�¯ .¡Ì�Ý=¿ Ý Û ¹M®t³ ¯"­|Ðʱ�®tЯ^Ð=Ò�±yµÚµj±M°²°�Ðcä�Ï^±�®t³zä/¯>± .·Ì�Ý=¿#¾ ° ¹{­|ÐPO�&�¹8Ît¶�ä/°�ÐcÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>ä:¯"­|Ði°�Ðc»�´zÒ�¹-°�¶�®�¯�Ðo°"¬8¹MÒ�äK¶�®µg­z¶�µ:­÷¯"­|Ð_$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐc亵3Ðo°²Ð�°²Ðoµj±M°²³|Ðc³�³z´|°²¶g®|»4¯>°²¹M¶g®z¶�®|»�®�Q?&�¹8Ît¶�ä;¶�äI¯:­tÐ[®F´|Ñ�¯^Ðc°;±«ª�µX¶g®|ä¯,¶i¹KÏ�Ò�¹m¶�Ðo°0E!¶g®tµoÒ�´|³zÐoä_³z°²¹mµ�äHG;°ã�°#Ì�°#· ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}EbL}L�G�¬&äQ±[¹M®|³|±�Ñ ²_ÏzÏ^±�®|Ð=®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ý^%Ü7Z�!5-�#����2��f)G�2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!��$-78)Q����6�#7-�078L3'*6�(.8),782@^%Ü7-����2�6.F$M�!582 ����6�#7-2�.Z��2��)Gk6NL2�7o�!�UGl�!),9 ��2�B��!��),7 Ø @ ½ @ Ø '*2��!2R+M��2�.F@�mf5-2;6NL2�7j�!�O'*2��!2R��2�����2�.:6NL,6�#7-���U��67-.-),9å)J-J]),782�7o�!�67-.Z�!5-2I�!2��!+- ��!�n'*2��!2 ��2�B�)��.82�.F@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ýf%Ü7:m|6N\M #2X¾ Ø $F�!582Q �2�6N��7-2�.E6NL2�7o� �#�(��2�����2�./6NL,6�#7-���I6X��67-.8),9 )J-J]),782�7o��@Imf582R.-6N�!6�!58)�'�7÷6N��2XG�)�R #2�6N��7-�#78LZ�C6N��2��RÝ=@ ÝÝ8¾N$V67-.÷Ý=@#¾N@dmf582�B�), #+M9_7K),7Ê�!582T �2�Gl�P�!58)>'(�;�!582XJ]),�#7j�!�P6N�'�5-�0B�5K�!5-2T£(�à<N6 #+82��P'V2���2X�!2�B�)�C.82�.Ê.M+8���#78LZ���C6�#7-�#78L8@Een), #+-9_7-� ½ 67-.�Ã4L,�#<2��!582T7o+M9;\]2��;)G'��#7M�(��2�B�)��.82�.:\c"E2�6BC5KJM #6>"2���@3mf582Q #6��� B�), #+M9_7:B�)�!�!2���J]),7-.-�O��)Z�!5-2_7o+-9P\]2��O)GVL,69Q2�� �!5-6N�

Ø È

Page 54: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.¿ÌOÝ=@ ÝÝ8¾ .¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý8¾ÂU+-9ÿ)G �t��7 A(7-. ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �&��7 A�7-. ?U��6�'���C6�#7 �§�07-� �§�07-� ����6�#7 �Ù�#7-� �Ù�#7-�L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��¾�ÝÝÝ ËËÁ ½ ¾ ¾�ÝÝÝ ËË Ø Ø ¾ÃNÝÝÝ ËË Û Ã ¾ ÃNÝÝÝ ËËÃ Ø ¾Û ÝÝÝ ËË Û Ã ¾ Û ÝÝÝ ËËÃ Û ¾È²ÝÝÝ ËË Û Ã ¾ ȲÝÝÝ ËËNÝ É ¾ËNÝÝÝ ËË Ø Ø ¾ ËNÝÝÝ ËË=¾ Á ¾¾¾�ÝÝÝ ËË Ø Ã ¾ ¾¾�ÝÝÝ ËË=¾ È ¾¾�ÃNÝÝÝ ËË Û Ã ¾ ¾�ÃNÝÝÝ ËË Ø Ø ¾¾ Û ÝÝÝ ËË Û Ã ¾ ¾ Û ÝÝÝ ËË ½ Û ¾¾>ȲÝÝÝ ËË Ø Ø ¾ ¾>ȲÝÝÝ ËËÃ Ø ¾¾�ËNÝÝÝ ËËÃ Ø ¾ ¾�ËNÝÝÝ ËËÃ Ø ¾

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐʬjãc^;ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»Â¨[»MÐ=®�¯DEbLDL GI¯>°�¹�¶�®|Ðc³ ¹-»�¹M¶g®tä�¯Ñ®;°�±�»M°²¹MÑÊÑÊÐc³ ±MÏzÏ^±�®tÐ=®�¯]®�¯>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³¹-»�¹M¶g®tä�¯Q±[¹M®|³|±�Ñ ¨[»MÐ=®�¯]^ ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»K°²¹8¯>ÐcäÑK�°ÓKðK&¬d®ÏK�°�Kt¬d°l¨[»�Ðc®�¯>ä3¯�°�¹M¶g®|Ðo³§¶g®iÏz°�Ðy¬t¶�±�´|ää�Ðcµ¯�¶�±�®|äaµ3Ðo°²ÐÊ´|ä�Ðc³�°:­�®r¯:­tÐʹd¯^±�¬�Ð÷¯>¹d¯�ÒlЫ®n¯"­|п³�°�ä�¯4µj±�Òg´|Ñç®âä"­t±�µ�äT¯"­|ÐÊ®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°W±«ª»M¹�Ñ÷Ðcä_¹dªS¯>Ðo°gµg­z¶�µ:­ü¯"­|Р$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoäµ3Ðc°�Ðd°�Ðcµ,±�°�³zÐo³Ù³�´t°N¶g®t»ç¯>°²¹M¶g®z¶�®|»�®�¯"­|Ðdä�Ðoµj±�®|³r¹M®t³¯"­z¶�°�³Çµ,±�Òg´|Ñç®tä3ä;­|±�µ ¯"­tÐ4®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°Q±qª�»�¹MÑ÷ÐcälµR±�®�¯,¶Ê¯"­|ÐZì*Ðo¹-°N®|Ðo°_¹�®t³�¯"­|Ða±[¹M®t³z±�ѹ-»�Ðc®�¯I°²Ðoä�ÏkÐoµ¯²¶>¬�ÐcÒ�¶d®&¹�®t³÷¯"­tÐXÒl¹Mä�¯Iµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®÷ä;­t±�µ�äO¯:­tÐ�®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc° ±qªk»M¹MÑÊÐoäU¯"­|¹8¯S¶t¶�ÐcÒ�³zÐo³¹÷®|±A&�°²Ðoä�´|Òl¯}Eܯ�Ðoä�¯�Ðo³ü±y¬�Ðo°d¬�KðKVKÊ»M¹MÑÊÐcä�G2�7-.82�.W�#7Z6Q.8��6>' @

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ýn�8�!),9 m|6N\M #2�¾ Ø ���(�#��B� �2�6N�(�!5-6N�U�!582 ��67-.-),9å)J-J]),782�7o�� �),��2�����)X�!5-2;B�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#���6NL2�7o��@kþ^<2�7Q�!5-),+8L,5Q�!582�B�),7M782�B��!��),7-�#�!��6NL2�7o�k'n6�^���C6�#782�.Q6NL,6�#7-�!�^�!582�J-�!)L�C69_9Q2�.Q)J-J]),782�7o��$���3�#�3���!�# # *6N\M �2[��)/\]2�6N�3�!582T��67-.8),9 )J-J]),782�7o��@÷�8�!),9Ô����L,+-�!2d¾>Èd�#�R�#�3B� �2�6N�Q�!5M6N�R�!5-2T7-2�+8��6 782��h'V)�!1Z9Q)=.82� ]J]2��!G�)��9_�n\]2�����2����!5M67Z�!582P£(�à�!6N\M #2;9Q)=.82� $8�#7T�!5-�#��B�6�!2@

ã�°#Ì�°�Ì ÓF´zÑçÑ÷¹-°"¶�8�!),9 �!5-2U6N\])><2IB�), # #2�B��!��),7[)Gt.-6N�!6=$8'*2UB�67Z6N�!�C��<2(6N�n�!582UGl), 0 �)>'��078L;�!2� 06N�!�#78L;��)Q6NL2�7o��\]2�5-6�<=��)��!2� #6N�!�078LQ��)� �2�6N��7M�#78LR��6N��2���ý

Ø É

Page 55: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

� %Ü7-B��!2�6�!2(�#7Q �2�6N�C7-�#78LO��6N��2(Gl)�*�!9_6 # =<N6 #+82��H)Gä.V$o.-)o2��V�#7-B��!2�6��2��!5-2���J]2�2�.Q)G& �2�6N��7M�#78L8@|�-)�5M��L,582���<N6 #+82���)G-.V$M �2�6N��7-�078LRB�2�6�!2�����)_\]2 �!9_)o)�!5F@

� �t2�6N��7-�#7-L_�#�nG�6�!��2��(��G|)J-J]),782�7j�f�0�� �2��!����67M.8),9Z$-�#7T�!582PB�6��2 )G��!582P£(�à�!6N\M #2@� m�582;782�+8�C6 F782��S'*)�!1Z6B�5-�#2�<2��(6_ #)>'*2���'��#7M7-�#78LRJ]2���B�2�7j�(6NL,6�#7-���f�!5-2 J-�!)L��69�9Q2�.Z)J-J])N�7-2�7j�f�!5M674.8)c2����!582R£(�à�!6N\� �2@

�/2PB�67W6 #��)�6N�!�C��<2 6N�f�!582IG�), # �)�'��#78L3�!2� #6N�!�078LQ��)_L2�782���6 0�IH�6N�!��),7Fý� m�582(ÂUÂâ6NL2�7o�n�0�V6N\M #2���)3\]2�6N�k�!582U��67-.8),9�)J-J]),782�7o�V�����!2���J]2�B��!��<2�)Gt'�58)P�#�k'n6�V���C6�#782�.6NL,6�07-����@

� m�582; �2�6N��7M�#78LQ��6N��2R6²��2�B��!�U�!582 L2�7-2���6 #�IH�6N�!��),7EB�6NJM6N\M�# 0���S"T)G��!5823£U�à�!6N\M �2;6NL2�7o��$]\M+8�f.8)c2��7-)��6²��2�B��(�!582 782�+8�C6 F782��S'*)�!146NL2�7o��@

Ò��ÓÒ N�ì-«,¥����~�Vì·���V[�U©Q�¢Z[ã�°�ãc°g¬ °ûÐj¯"­|±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶

�8)�V�!582�G�), # �)>'(�#78LO2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!���!5-2f9Q2��!58)=.8), �)L"36�H),+8�! #�#7-2�.R�07Qm|6N\M #2 ¾ Û �#��G�), # �)>'*2�.F@�þk6BC56NL2�7o�( �2�6N��7M�nGl)���!),9Q2;7c+-9;\]2���)GzL,69Q2��P�g�07Z�!5-�#�n�!582����#�n%V��2�Gl2��f��)��!5-�#��7c+-9;\]2��f6���!582nW���'n6NJqY� ��÷�çmìUè]ìjè��

� ×zï&ç�÷>ï<��ì ï3ðQìjèmì ï.ì çyój�xñ�ò�çyó$ô:îfõºÿ�õ4ç3øgþ]îfï���îBî�è{ñ Ø åIälçyè"é�Þ Ø åIä � ö�ê]÷tþ]ê�ï.ð�ç��]î�è"ï�õ¼ÿn�_çyè"é � �� ��÷�çmìUè{ç��]î�è;ï���ö�ê]÷�õ�ê~ë�îèyômë¼þ]î�÷�ê:ö��mçyëAîfõ�ÿ�õ4ç3øXä ØHØ � � ç��]î�è;ï � úmó ç3ø"õ�éyîfï=î�÷0ë�ìjèmì õ8ï.ì ùLçyó$ó ø� ��÷�çmìUèxç��]î�è;ï � ö\êm÷yï3ð"î�õ4çyë�î7èyômë¼þ]î�÷~ê:öA�mçyë�îfõ�ç"õ�çyþ]ê:ò�î � ç��]î�è;ïä�Âúmó ç3ø"õcéyîfï=î�÷0ë�ìjèmì õ8ï.ì ùLçyó$ó ø� æ,îBùBêm÷>éXï.ð:îºõ�îfï�ê:ö<��ñ�òPçyó$ô"îfõ¼ÿ���ð]ì ù�ðûð�çLò�îþ]îBî�èûôyú]éyç"ï&îBénô;õfìUè��ï3ð"îó îLç�÷ èmìjè��a÷0ômó î �� æ,î�ú]îLç"ï�ï.ð:î¼çyþ]ê:ò:îSï3ðm÷>îBîºõ8ï&î�ú;õºôyè;ï.ìjó~ç¼õBô?�Qù:ì î�è;ïAèmôyë¼þ]î�÷cê:ö©�xñ�ò�çyó$ô:îSõ�îfï�õ9ç�÷�î�ê~þ;ï8çmìjè"îBé

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐç¬cë�^�¹{­|ÐE»�Ðc®|Ðo°²¹MÒ�ÑÊÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶_ªS±�°�¯:­tÐ:ÐoÎ&Ï^Ðo°N¶gÑ÷Ð=®�¯>ä_ÏkÐo°:ªS±�°²ÑÊÐo³t°{¹{­|ÐEä�¯�ÐoÏzäªS±�°�¯:­tÐP¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»XÏ*­t¹Mä�ÐR¶�äf±�´&¯²Ò�¶g®|Ðo³:¹d¯k±y¬�Ðq°S¹*Ðoä�¯²¶�®|»T¶lä�³|±�®tÐQ´|ä>¶g®t»[ä�¯>ÐcÏ|ä9ªS°²±�Ñ ¹V¹q¯zÒ�ÐÜ±Ø Ë

Page 56: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

7c+-9;\]2����;'�5M�# �2��!5-2Z)�!582���6NL2�7o�_JM�#B�1c�_6B��!�#),7-�Q.82���2���9_�07-�#���!�#B�6 0 �"@÷¡n��67o"ç�07-���!67o��$k),7- �"Ê),7826NL2�7o�P�#�I �2�6N�C7-�#78L8$F\M+-�U\])�!5K6NL2�7o�!� 2�<2�7o�!+-6 # #"d �2�6N�C7K6NL,6�#7-���I2�6BC5K)�!582��>@_%�7:�!5M�#�O�!582��!�#��$&�!582W���'n6NJqY_�#���-Yc2�.Z6N�P¾�ÝÝ=@�Ù5-�# �24�!5M�#�Q2�7-6N\M #2��� �2�6N��7M�#78L8$n����J]),��2���J-�!)\M �2�9��_.-+8���078L/�!5824��2����!�078L÷JM5M6��2@r%�7 �!582W��2��!�!�#78LJM5-6�!2$c�!5-2  �2�6N��7-�#7-LP6NL2�7o�!�fJM�#B�1�),7- #"_�!582I6B��!��),7Z'��#�!5X�!5-2O5M��L,582�����£(�à<N6 #+82I6N��67j"T���!6N��2@*mf5-�#�9Q2�67-�R�!5-6N��$^�#G�\�)�!5ç6NL2�7o�!�_+-��2X�!5-�#�R������6N��2�L"$k�!5-2�7÷�!582[�!2��!+M ��;)Gf�!5-2XL,69Q2��3'*),+- #.ç.82�J]2�7-.��), �2� #"W),7:�!582Q���!6N�!�!�078LZJM6NL2W�g67-./�!�07-B�23�!5-�#�O�#�(�-Y=2�.F$F'V),+M #.:�!2��!+- #�U�#7:6[��7M����2R�!2��I)GV�!2���+- ��!�C�C@m|)[9Q2�6��+8�!2;�!5-2P6N\M�# 0���S"T)GH�!582R6NL2�7j��$F%fBC58),��2R��)[�#7o���!)=.-+-B�2;67E2� �2�9Q2�7o�U)GH��67-.8),9_7-2��!���#7W�!582��2����!�#7-L_���!6NL2@*m�582IGl), 0 �)>'��078LR�0���!582  #�#�!�*)GH�����C6N��2�L,��2���+-�!2�.Fý

¾N@�¡(L2�7o�(JM�0B!1=�P����67-.-),9_ �"-�n67j"46B��!�#),7W'��#�!546[£(�à<N6 #+82P6N\�)�<2R6XB�2��!�!6�#7WJ�2��CB�2�7j�!6NL2R)GH�!5825M��L,582����f£(�à<N6 #+82OGl)�n�!5-6N�f�!�!6N��2@(��%�7T�!5M�#�k�!5-2��!�#��$867T6N�!\M�����C6N�!"_<N6 #+82U)GzË,È S 'n6��B�58),�!2�7��C@

½ @�¡(L2�7o�;JM�#B�1c�;6B��!��),7-�;�07/64����)=B�5-6���!�0B�9_67-7-2����g�!�#9_�# 06N�I��)4�!582� �2�6N�C7-�#78LTJ-�!)=B�2��!�I'(���!58),+8�+-J].M6N�!�#78L3�!582P£(�à�!6N\M #2��C@

Ãc@�¡(L2�7o��JM�#B!1=� ����67-.-),9_ �"-�H67o"[6B��!��),7TG��!),9 6 # ]6B��!��),7-�n'(���!5��!5-2U��)J4Âê£(�à<N6 #+82���@���%Ü7[�!5-�#��!5-2��!�#�f6746N��\M������6N�!"[Âû<²6 #+-2I)G�Ã3'n6��BC58),��2�7��C@

ã�°�ãc°#· ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGS¬&äXìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^VÓ]¯>±Fµ�­t¹Mä�¯�¶�µWµ�­t±�¶�µ,Ð:±qª�¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®ü¹8¯_¯>Ðcä�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýHmf582n�M�C���k��2��V)G�2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�^�#7o<), �<2�.��!582U£r6NL2�7o�n �2�6N��7-�#7-LO6NL,6�07-���V67-)�!582��£Ù6NL2�7o�U��\])�!5Q+-�!�078LOG�+- 0 8£U�à�!6N\M �2��C�C@Hmf582f�!2��o+82�7MB�2�)G�����2�J��^),+8�! #�0782�.3�#7Qm|6N\� �2 ¾ Û 'n6�HGl), 0 �)>'*2�.F@£(�à<N6 #+82���'*2��!2 ��2�B�)��.82�.Z2�<2��!" Û ÝÝÝ�L,69Q2���@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ý�%Ü7dm|6N\M #2T¾�Ác$F�!5-23 #2�6N��782��O�#�U��2�����2�./6NL,6�#7-���I6X����6�#782�.d)J-J]),782�7o��@Imf5823.-6N�!6Z�!58)�'�76N�!2XGl)�3 �2�6N��7-�078LZ��6N��2��3Ý=@ Ý ½Û 67-.÷Ý=@ Ý Û @dmf582�B�), #+M9_7K),7÷�!582[ #2�Gl�;��58)>'��P�!582XJ�),�07j�!�P6N�;'�5-�0B�5�!582d£U�à<²6 #+-2��Q'V2���24�!2�B�)��.82�. .-+8���#7-LE����6�07-�#78L8@üe*), 0+-9_7-� ½ 67-.üÃ:L,��<24�!582E7o+-9P\]2��Q)GO'��#7-�

Û Ý

Page 57: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý Û .¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý ½ÛÂ(+M9ÿ)G �t��7 �t��7 ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �t��7 �&�C7 ?(�C6�'����6�#7 ��2�YcJ]� ����6�#7 ��2�YcJ��L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��Û ÝÝÝ Ø Ý,É Ã=¾ Û ½ ÈNÁ Û ÝÝÝ ½ ¾ Û ÃÉNÝ Ø Ý Ø¾ Û ÝÝÝ Ã=¾ Ø Ã Ø Ý Ã ØØ ¾ Û ÝÝÝ ½²Ø ¾ Ã,È²Ý ÃÉÉ½Û ÝÝÝ ÃÁÁ à ½ ¾ Ã=¾ ½ ½Û ÝÝÝ ½²Ø Á ÃÁÁ ÃÉ,ÈÃ Û ÝÝÝ Ã,ÈNà Ã=¾>È ÃNÝ,É Ã Û ÝÝÝ ½Û Á ÃÁ ½ ÃÉNÝØjÛ ÝÝÝ Øj½ É ½ ËÉ ½ ÈNà ØjÛ ÝÝÝ ½ Áà ÃÁ=¾ Ã,È ØÛÛ ÝÝÝ ¾ Û È Ø Ý Ø Ø Ã,È ÛÛ ÝÝÝ ½Û à ÃÁ Û ÃÉNÝÁ Û ÝÝÝ ¾>ÈNÁ ÃËÉ Øj½Û Á Û ÝÝÝ ½ ÈNÉ Ã Ø È Ã,È ØÈ Û ÝÝÝ ¾�ËÁ Ø Ý,Á ÃË,È È Û ÝÝÝ ½ ÉÉ Ã Ø ¾ Ã,ȲÝÉ Û ÝÝÝ ½½ Á Ã,ÈNÃ Ø ÝÝ É Û ÝÝÝ ½ È Ø Ã Û Ã Ã,È ½Ë Û ÝÝÝ ½ ÉNÝ Ã Û½ ÃÁÁ Ë Û ÝÝÝ ½ É Û Ã Ø È ÃÁ,È

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐr¬c¼�^/ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»Ý¨[»MÐ=®�¯%E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGû¬&äEì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»Ý¨[»MÐ=®�¯BE�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG;^�¹l­|Ðǹd¯^±�¬�Я>¹d¯�Ò�ÐXä"­t±�µ�äP³|¹8¯�¹nªS±�°P¯3µ3±EÒ�Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»d¹-»MÐ=®�¯>äP° ÍO¹-µ�­Ê¹-»MÐ=®�¯RÒ�Ðc¹-°²®|ä;Ðy¬�Ðc°"¶÷¹MÒl¯>Ðc°²®|¹8¯>ÐE¬�KVK»M¹�Ñ÷ÐcäP°\[4´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»Ç¯"­|ÐK¹-»MÐ=®�¯4¶g®r¯"­|ÐKä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ûµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®¤ÏzÒ�¹y¶&äZ³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶E�Ï�¶�µ�ºFäç¯"­|ÐâÑ÷¹-Ît¶�Ñ/´zÑ ªS°²±�Ñ $'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG�µX­|¶gÒ�ÐÙ¯"­|Ðr¹-»MÐ=®�¯�¶g®æ¯"­z¶�°�³ÿµj±�Òg´|Ñç®ÿµ�­t±F±�ä�ÐcäµX¶l¯"­ ¹M® ÐoÎ&Ï^±�®tÐ=®�¯�¶�¹MÒ*³z¶�ä�¯�°²¶k¯�´&¯�¶�±�®

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐW¬oð�^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­I®;Ò�±-¯>äÑE�¹*¹d¯�Ò�ÐW¬c¼rG9ªS±�°;ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¤¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVG*¯>°²¹M¶g®|Ðo³K¹M»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯¹÷ì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯�E�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG;^�¹l­|Ð:ÏzÒ�±-¯[±�®§¯"­|Ð/Ò�ÐyªS¯Xµ,±�°�°²Ðoä>Ï^±�®|³|ä[¯>± .�̤Ý=¿ Ý ½Û ®*¯"­tб�®|Ч±�®`¯"­tÐü°²¶�»¦­�¯÷µ,±M°²°²Ðoä�Ïk±�®|³|ä÷¯>± . Ì Ý=¿ Ý Û °N¹{­tÐ]O�&�¹8Ît¶�äK°�ÐcÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>ä:¯"­|Ðü°²Ðo»�´|Ò�¹-°¶g®�¯>Ðc°;¬8¹MÒ�ä�¶�® µg­|¶�µ�­æ¯"­|Ðí$º&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoä�µ3Ðo°²Ðr°�Ðcµ,±�°�³zÐo³ ³z´|°²¶g®|»û¯>°�¹�¶�®z¶g®t»c®^Q?&�¹8Ît¶�äç¶�äʯ"­tЮF´zÑ�¯^Ðo°3±«ªxµX¶g®tä{¯,¶ÊÐc¹-µ�­�ÏzÒ�¹y¶�Ðc°m°¼¹{­tÐZ¹M»MÐ=®�¯3Ñʹ-°²ºMÐc³`_ÐoÎ&Ï2C÷Ï�¶lµ²ºFä3¹-µ¯�¶�±�®täRä�¯>±Fµ�­t¹Mä�&¯�¶�µ,¹MÒgÒ�¶i³�´t°N¶g®t»Ê¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®t»c°

Û ¾

Page 58: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

�!2�B�)��.-2�.4\c"[2�6BC5WJ� #6�"2���@�mf5-2  #6����B�), #+M9_74B�)�!�!2��!J�),7M.-����)��!5-2P7c+-9;\]2���)GHL,69Q2��(�!5-6N�(2�7-.82�.�#7E6�.8��6>' @�mf5-2;6NL2�7j�I9_6N��12�. WÜ2�Y=JqYXJM�#B!1=�(),782P6B��!��),7:����)=B�5M6���!�#B�6 # �"Z+-���#78L_�!582PJ-�!)\M6N\��# #���!��2��G�)�V2�6BC5[6B��!�#),7:�g6B��!�#),7-�k'(���!5�5-�#L,582��n£(�à<N6 #+82��V6N�!2O6�!�!��L,782�.X5-��L,582��V'V2��#L,5j�!��@Þ�Rm�582�)�!582��n6NL2�7o�JM�#B�1c�f�!582 6B��!��),74'(���!5T�!582;9_6²Y8�#9R+-9 £(�à<N6 #+82 �#7T2�6BC5W���!6N��2@

����L,+8�!2I¾�ÉUL,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ý:mf582W #2�6N��782��XBC58)c),�!�#78L÷6B��!�#),7-�X�!��)cBC5-6���!�#B�6 # #"ç),+-��J�2���Gl)��9��_�!582W #2�6N��782���J� #6�"=�#78L.82���2���9��#7-�#���!�0B�6 # �"@P�-)�;�!582�B�6�!2_)G¤.»Ì�Ý=¿ Ý Û $z�!5-2��!2_��2�2�9���)Z\]2_��),9_28¬�+-B��!+-6N�!�#),7-�I67-./G�)�;6�!58)���P.-+8�C6N�!��),7÷�!5-2[.82���2��C9_�#7-�#�!�!�#BQ6NL2�7j�QJ� #6�"=�;\]2�����2���$H\�+8�P �),�!2��P6�R�!582T7o+M9;\]2��;)G�L,69Q2��Q�#��#7-B���2�6��2�.F@

ÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^@¨[µ¯²¶l±�®täûµX¶l¯"­�$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoä |SÌÙË,È a ±«ªf¯"­|Ðv­z¶�»«­|Ðoä�¯_$'&�¬=¹�Ò�´|аûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ý�mf582P��2�B�),7-.d��2���)GH2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�f�#7o<), �<2�.4�!5-23£`6NL2�7j�O �2�6N��7-�078L_6NL,6�#7-���U67=�)�!582��P£æ6NL2�7o�X��\])�!5/+-�!�#7-L�Gg+- # H£(�à�!6N\M �2��C�C@Rmf582Q��2��c+82�7-B�23)Gn����2�JM�O),+8�! #�0782�.E�07dmz6N\M �2Z¾ Û 'n6�G�), # �)>'*2�.F@V£(�à<N6 #+82��f'V2��!2;�!2�B�)��.82�.Z2�<2���" Û ÝÝÝ�L,69Q2���@

±XÐcä>´zÒ0¯�ä ýk%Ü7Wmz6N\M �2_¾>Èo$��!582; #2�6N��782����#�f��2�����2�.E6NL,6�07-���(6_����6�#782�.Z)JMJ�),7-2�7j��@nmf582;.M6N�!6��!58)�'�76N�!2UGl)�� �2�6N�C7-�#78L �C6N��2���Ý=@ Ý ½Û 67-.XÝ=@ Ý Û @*mf582UB�), #+-9_7X),7[�!582U #2�Gl�n�!58)�'��k�!5-2UJ]),�#7o�!�k6N�n'�5M�#B�5X�!582£(�à<N6 #+82��k'V2��!2(�!2�B�)��.82�.[.-+8�C�#78LO����6�#7-�078L8@Hen), #+-9_7-� ½ 67-.XàL,��<2��!5-2(7c+-9;\]2��^)GF'(�#7-�H�!2�B�)�C.82�.\c"Q2�6B�5[JM #6>"2���@^mf582U #6���VB�), 0+-9_7�B�)���!2���J]),7-.-�H��)R�!582O7o+M9;\]2��^)G&L,69_2��V�!5M6N�k2�7-.82�.[�#7X6;.8��6>' @mf58236NL2�7o� 9_6N�!12�.ÝWÜJFB���Y[JM�#B!1=�U),782Q6B��!��),7:G��!),9 �!582Q6B��!��),7-�O�!5-6N�I5-6><2X£(�à<²6 0+82��O6N\�)�<2_Ë,È S)G��!582P5M��L,582����(£(�à<N6 #+82IG�)���!5M6N�(���!6N��2@�mf582;)�!582��(6NL2�7o�(J��#B!1=���!582R6B��!��),74'��#�!5Z�!582;9_6²Y8�#9R+-9£(�à<N6 #+82 �#7T2�6BC5W���!6N��2@

����L,+8�!2I¾�ËUL,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

Û½

Page 59: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý Û .¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý ½ÛÂ(+M9ÿ)G �t��7 �t��7 ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �t��7 �&�C7 ?U��6>'����6�#7 ��JFB��C� ����6�#7 ��J]B��C�L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��Û ÝÝÝ Ã=¾ Á ½ É Ã Ø Ý Û ÝÝÝ ¾ ØØ ÃNÝ Û ÛÛ Ý¾ Û ÝÝÝ ¾ Û Á ½ ÈÈ Û ÁÁ ¾ Û ÝÝÝ Ø Ý8¾ Ø ¾ Û ¾�ÉÃ½Û ÝÝÝ ÁÉ ØØ Á Ø É Û ½Û ÝÝÝ ¾ ½ à Øj½ É ØØ ÈÃ Û ÝÝÝ ¾ Ø Ã Û Ý,É Ã Ø É Ã Û ÝÝÝ ÈNË ØØ ¾ Ø ÈNÉØjÛ ÝÝÝ ½Û Ý ¾�ÁÉ Û É=¾ ØjÛ ÝÝÝ ÉÁ ¾>ÈÈ ÈNÃÁÛÛ ÝÝÝ Ø ¾�Ý ÃÃÉ ½Û ¾ ÛÛ ÝÝÝ ¾�Ã Ø Ø ËÁ ÃÁÉÁ Û ÝÝÝ ÉÉ Û Ãà Ã,ÈNÉ Á Û ÝÝÝ Ã Û½ ½ ¾>È Ø ÃNÝÈ Û ÝÝÝ Ã Ø É Ã ½Û à ½ Á È Û ÝÝÝ ¾ Û Ã Û Ý8¾ à ØjÛÉ Û ÝÝÝ ÃÃNÝ Ã ½ Á à Øj½ É Û ÝÝÝ Ø ¾ ¾ Ø É É=¾�ÝË Û ÝÝÝ ¾�ÁË Ã ÛÛ Ø È Û Ë Û ÝÝÝ ½Û ¾ Ø ¾�É ÃÃNÝ

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐr¬Ô±«^/ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»Ý¨[»MÐ=®�¯%E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGû¬&äEì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»Ý¨[»MÐ=®�¯BE�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG;^�¹l­|Ðǹd¯^±�¬�Я>¹d¯�Ò�ÐXä"­t±�µ�äP³|¹8¯�¹nªS±�°P¯3µ3±EÒ�Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»d¹-»MÐ=®�¯>äP° ÍO¹-µ�­Ê¹-»MÐ=®�¯RÒ�Ðc¹-°²®|ä;Ðy¬�Ðc°"¶÷¹MÒl¯>Ðc°²®|¹8¯>ÐE¬�KVK»M¹�Ñ÷ÐcäP°\[4´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»Ç¯"­|ÐK¹-»MÐ=®�¯4¶g®r¯"­|ÐKä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ûµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®¤ÏzÒ�¹y¶&äZ³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶E�Ï�¶�µ�ºFä;¯"­tÐ[Ñ÷¹-Ît¶�Ñ/´zÑߪh°�±�Ñ $'&!¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐÔG7µg­z¶gÒlÐX¯"­|Ð�¹-»�Ðc®�¯R¶�®÷¯"­z¶�°�³çµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®÷µ:­|±F±Mä>ÐoäR¹M®¦¶¹-µ¯²¶l±�®¸µ[¶0¯:­i¹%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐ |AÌrË,È a ±qª�¯"­tÐ�­z¶l»¦­tÐcä�¯_$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðq°

í�¶�»�´|°²ÐW¬oò�^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­I®;Ò�±-¯>äÑE�¹*¹d¯�Ò�ÐW¬Ô±VG9ªS±�°;ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¤¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVG*¯>°²¹M¶g®|Ðo³K¹M»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯¹÷ì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯�E�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG;^�¹l­|Ð:ÏzÒ�±-¯[±�®§¯"­|Ð/Ò�ÐyªS¯Xµ,±�°�°²Ðoä>Ï^±�®|³|ä[¯>± .�̤Ý=¿ Ý ½Û ®*¯"­tб�®|Ч±�®`¯"­tÐü°²¶�»¦­�¯÷µ,±M°²°²Ðoä�Ïk±�®|³|ä÷¯>± . Ì Ý=¿ Ý Û °N¹{­tÐ]O�&�¹8Ît¶�äK°�ÐcÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>ä:¯"­|Ðü°²Ðo»�´|Ò�¹-°¶g®�¯>Ðc°;¬8¹MÒ�ä�¶�® µg­|¶�µ�­æ¯"­|Ðí$º&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoä�µ3Ðo°²Ðr°�Ðcµ,±�°�³zÐo³ ³z´|°²¶g®|»û¯>°�¹�¶�®z¶g®t»c®^Q?&�¹8Ît¶�äç¶�äʯ"­tЮF´zÑ�¯^Ðo°Z±«ªSµX¶g®täX¯,¶ÙÐo¹-µ�­rÏ�Ò�¹m¶�Ðo°y°U[4´|°N¶�®|»�¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»�®*¯"­tÐ/¹M»MÐ=®�¯TÑʹ-°²ºMÐc³b_Ï^µ¯�CüÏz¶�µ²ºFä¹M®¦¶i¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®_µX¶l¯"­i¹%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ð4¯"­|¹8¯X¶�ä�òR±«°ÓK a ¹d¯^±�¬�Ðd¯"­|Ð�­z¶�»«­|Ðoä�¯4$º&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðq°

Û Ã

Page 60: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ýTen �2�6N�� �"$H�#7Ê\])�!5ÊB�6�!2���$^�!582Z.82���2���9��#7-�#���!�0B_6NL2�7j�Q.8)c2��378)�RG�6N�!2['*2� # V6NL,6�07-���Q���!�)J-J]),782�7o��@*�§5-�0 �2n�!582��!2��#�k78)�!�#B�2�6N\M �2p¬�+-B��!+-6N�!��),7F$j�!582f)J-J]),782�7o�^B�),7j�!�07o+82��k��) '��#7Q6;�!��L,7-�¢��B�67j�7c+-9;\]2���)G�L,69Q2���@

ÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^@¨T®¦¶i¹MÑʱ�®|»K¯�±MÏÙÌK¹-µ¯²¶l±�®tä�¹8¯_¯>Ðcä�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýnmf5-�#���!2���)G�2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!���#7j<), #<2�.4�!582Q£ï6NL2�7o�U �2�6N�C7-�#78LQ6NL,6�#7-�!�(678)�!582��I£6NL2�7o�Q��\])�!5E+-�!�#78L�G�+- 0 t£(�à�!6N\M �2��C�C@(mf582P�!2��o+82�7MB�2;)G^����2�JM�(),+8�! #�0782�.4�#7Em|6N\M #2X¾ Û '*6�(Gl), 0 �)>'*2�.F@£(�à<N6 #+82���'*2��!2 ��2�B�)��.82�.Z2�<2��!" Û ÝÝÝ�L,69Q2���@

±XÐcä>´zÒ0¯�ä ýk%Ü7Wmz6N\M �2_¾�Éc$��!582; #2�6N��782����#�f��2�����2�.E6NL,6�07-���(6_����6�#782�.Z)JMJ�),7-2�7j��@nmf582;.M6N�!6��!58)�'�76N�!2UGl)�� �2�6N�C7-�#78L �C6N��2���Ý=@ Ý ½Û 67-.XÝ=@ Ý Û @*mf582UB�), #+-9_7X),7[�!582U #2�Gl�n�!58)�'��k�!5-2UJ]),�#7o�!�k6N�n'�5M�#B�5X�!582£(�à<N6 #+82��k'V2��!2(�!2�B�)��.82�.[.-+8�C�#78LO����6�#7-�078L8@Hen), #+-9_7-� ½ 67-.XàL,��<2��!5-2(7c+-9;\]2��^)GF'(�#7-�H�!2�B�)�C.82�.\c"Q2�6B�5[JM #6>"2���@^mf582U #6���VB�), 0+-9_7�B�)���!2���J]),7-.-�H��)R�!582O7o+M9;\]2��^)G&L,69_2��V�!5M6N�k2�7-.82�.[�#7X6;.8��6>' @mf582�6NL2�7o�k9_6N�!12�.4����)J[Ã,�|JM�#B!1=��),782�6B��!��),7QG��!),9ê�!582�6B��!��),7M�H�!5-6N�HB�)�!�!2���J]),7-.3��)I�!5-2�ÃO5M��L,582����£(�à<N6 #+82���@^m�582I)�!582��(6NL2�7o��J��#B!1=�n�!582;6B��!��),7W'����!5T�!582 9�6²Y=�#9R+-9 £(�à<N6 #+82 �07T2�6B�5d���!6N��2@

����L,+8�!2 ½ ÝOL,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ýz¡(L,6�#7F$o�!582(.-2���2���9_�#7-�0���!�#Bn6NL2�7j�* �),��2��k��)P���!�k)J-J]),782�7j��@Hmf5-2f'��#73J]2���B�2�7o�!6NL2U�!2�2�9_���)Q\]2U9R+-BC5Z �)>'*2����#7X�!5-�#�nB�6��2I�!5-67T�!5-2U)�!5-2��f�S'*)_B�6��2���$8'�5-2��!2O�!582I �2�6N��782���6N�f �2�6����9_67M6NL2�.��)_\]2�6N�����!�n)JMJ�),7-2�7j��G�)�(��),9_2 ��J]2�B��¢��B £(�à<N6 #+82���@

Û²Ø

Page 61: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.´ÌIÝ=@ Ý Û .´ÌIÝ=@ Ý ½ÛÂU+-9 )G �&��7 �t��7 ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �t��7 �&��7 ?U��6>'����6�07 ����)J:Ã,� ����6�#7 ����)JdÃ,�L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��Û ÝÝÝ ¾�Á Û ÈNÉÉ ØjÛ ¾ Û ÝÝÝ Ø Ý Û ØØ É ¾ Ø Á½Û ÝÝÝ ¾ ½²Ø Û ËË ½ ÈNÁ Ã Û ÝÝÝ ½ ¾�É Èc¾�Á Á ÛØjÛ ÝÝÝ Ã ½ É ÛÛÛ ¾¾�Á ÛÛ ÝÝÝ Ã,Èc¾ Û ¾�Ý ¾¾>ÈÁ Û ÝÝÝ ½Û Á Û ÉNÝ ¾�Á ½ È Û ÝÝÝ ÃÁË Û Áà ÁÁÉ Û ÝÝÝ Ã=¾ Ø Û²Ø Á ¾�ÃË Ë Û ÝÝÝ Ã Ø Ã Ø ËË ¾ Û ÁÛ ÝÝÝ ¾>ÈÈ ½ ¾�Ý Á=¾ ½ ¾ Û ÝÝÝ ½ É ½ Ø ¾�É ½ ËË½Û ÝÝÝ ½½ Ý ÁNÝ8¾ ¾>ÈNÉ Ã Û ÝÝÝ ½Û²Ø Û ÃÁ ½ Ý,ËØjÛ ÝÝÝ ½ ËNÝ Ø ÁÉ ½²Ø ¾ ÛÛ ÝÝÝ ½½ Ë Á=¾�É ¾ Û½Á Û ÝÝÝ ÃÁNÝ Ø Á,È ¾>È ½ È Û ÝÝÝ ¾ Û É ØjÛÛ ÃÉÁÉ Û ÝÝÝ ¾�Ë,È ÁÉË ¾¾�Ã Ë Û ÝÝÝ ½ ËÃ Û Ë ½ ¾¾ Ø

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐr¬cð�^/ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»Ý¨[»MÐ=®�¯%E�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGû¬&äEì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»Ý¨[»MÐ=®�¯BE�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG;^�¹l­|Ðǹd¯^±�¬�Я>¹d¯�Ò�ÐXä"­t±�µ�äP³|¹8¯�¹nªS±�°P¯3µ3±EÒ�Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»d¹-»MÐ=®�¯>äP° ÍO¹-µ�­Ê¹-»MÐ=®�¯RÒ�Ðc¹-°²®|ä;Ðy¬�Ðc°"¶÷¹MÒl¯>Ðc°²®|¹8¯>ÐE¬�KVK»M¹�Ñ÷ÐcäP°\[4´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»Ç¯"­|ÐK¹-»MÐ=®�¯4¶g®r¯"­|ÐKä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ûµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®¤ÏzÒ�¹y¶&äZ³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶E�Ï�¶�µ�ºFä;¯"­tÐ[Ñ÷¹-Ît¶�Ñ/´zÑߪh°�±�Ñ $'&!¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐÔG7µg­z¶gÒlÐX¯"­|Ð�¹-»�Ðc®�¯R¶�®÷¯"­z¶�°�³çµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®÷µ:­|±F±Mä>ÐoäR¹M®¦¶±qª�¯"­|ÐE¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®|äµX¶l¯"­Ç¯�±MÏÙÌ%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäP°

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð[·ÔK�^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­I®;Ò�±-¯>äÑE�¹*¹d¯�Ò�ÐW¬cðrG9ªS±�°;ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¤¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVG*¯>°²¹M¶g®|Ðo³K¹M»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯¹÷ì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯�E�$'&!¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐVG;^�¹l­|Ð:ÏzÒ�±-¯[±�®§¯"­|Ð/Ò�ÐyªS¯Xµ,±�°�°²Ðoä>Ï^±�®|³|ä[¯>± .�̤Ý=¿ Ý ½Û ®*¯"­tб�®|Ч±�®`¯"­tÐü°²¶�»¦­�¯÷µ,±M°²°²Ðoä�Ïk±�®|³|ä÷¯>± . Ì Ý=¿ Ý Û °N¹{­tÐ]O�&�¹8Ît¶�äK°�ÐcÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>ä:¯"­|Ðü°²Ðo»�´|Ò�¹-°¶g®�¯>Ðc°;¬8¹MÒ�ä�¶�® µg­|¶�µ�­æ¯"­|Ðí$º&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoä�µ3Ðo°²Ðr°�Ðcµ,±�°�³zÐo³ ³z´|°²¶g®|»û¯>°�¹�¶�®z¶g®t»c®^Q?&�¹8Ît¶�äç¶�äʯ"­tЮF´zÑ�¯^Ðo°R±qªtµX¶g®|ä�¯,¶÷Ðc¹-µ:­çÏ�Ò�¹m¶�Ðo°y°c[4´t°N¶g®t»E¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®t»c®&¯"­|ÐX¹M»MÐ=®�¯PÑ÷¹M°�º�Ðo³`_N¯>±MÏ�ÌÔC÷Ïz¶�µ²ºFä¹M®¦¶i¹-µ,¯�¶�±�® ªS°²±�ÑÚ¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®|äQµX¶l¯"­i¯>±MÏÙÌ%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|ÐoäP°

ÛÛ

Page 62: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

ã�°�ãc°�Ì ìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯}EbL}L�G�¬&ä_ì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t» ¨[»MÐ=®�¯}EbLDL GÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^VÓ]¯>±Fµ�­t¹Mä�¯�¶�µWµ�­t±�¶�µ,Ð:±qª�¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®ü¹8¯_¯>Ðcä�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýHmf582n�M�C���k��2��V)G�2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�^�#7o<), �<2�.��!582U£r6NL2�7o�n �2�6N��7-�#7-LO6NL,6�07-���V67-)�!582��£ï6NL2�7o�Q��\�)�!5E+-�!�#7-LQ�!582;B�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#�����09QJM �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7��C@nmf582P��2��o+-2�7-B�2;)GH����2�JM�(),+8�! #�0782�.Z�#7mz6N\M �23¾ Û 'n6�nG�), # �)>'*2�.F@^mf5-2�'*2���L,5j�!�n)G|�!582O782�+8��6 �782��S'*)�!1['V2���2(�!2�B�)�C.82�.T2�<2��!" Û ÝÝÝ3L,69_2���@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ý�%Ü7dm|6N\M #2T¾�Ëc$F�!5-23 #2�6N��782��O�#�U��2�����2�./6NL,6�#7-���I6X����6�#782�.d)J-J]),782�7o��@Imf5823.-6N�!6Z�!58)�'�76N�!2XGl)�3 �2�6N��7-�078LZ��6N��2��3Ý=@ ÝÝ Û 67-.÷Ý=@ Ý8¾N@dmf582�B�), #+M9_7K),7÷�!582[ #2�Gl�;��58)>'��P�!582XJ�),�07j�!�P6N�;'�5-�0B�5�!582d£U�à<²6 #+-2��Q'V2���24�!2�B�)��.82�. .-+8���#7-LE����6�07-�#78L8@üe*), 0+-9_7-� ½ 67-.üÃ:L,��<24�!582E7o+-9P\]2��Q)GO'��#7-��!2�B�)��.-2�.4\c"[2�6BC5WJ� #6�"2���@�mf5-2  #6����B�), #+M9_74B�)�!�!2��!J�),7M.-����)��!5-2P7c+-9;\]2���)GHL,69Q2��(�!5-6N�(2�7-.82�.�#7E6�.8��6>' @�mf5-2;6NL2�7j�I9_6N��12�. WÜ2�Y=JqYXJM�#B!1=�(),782P6B��!��),7:����)=B�5M6���!�#B�6 # �"Z+-���#78L_�!582PJ-�!)\M6N\��# #���!��2��G�)�V2�6BC5[6B��!�#),7:�g6B��!�#),7-�k'(���!5�5-�#L,582��n£(�à<N6 #+82��V6N�!2O6�!�!��L,782�.X5-��L,582��V'V2��#L,5j�!��@Þ�Rm�582�)�!582��n6NL2�7o�JM�#B�1c�f�!582 6B��!��),74'(���!5T�!582;9_6²Y8�#9R+-9 £(�à<N6 #+82 �#7T2�6BC5W���!6N��2@

����L,+8�!2 ½ ¾nL,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ýVe� �2�6N�� �"$c�!582  �2�6N��7-2��nBC58)c),�!�#78L3�!582I6B��!��),7ZB�)�!��2���J]),7-.-�#78LP��)_9_6²Y8�#9P+M9�<N6 #+82UG��!),9�!582X£(�à<N6 #+82��O6N�;67o"E�!�!6N��2$t\]2�6N�!�I�!582Q)J-J]),782�7o�OJM�#B�1c�#7-L[67/6B��!��),7÷����)cBC5-6���!�#B�6 0 �"@Rm�5-�#�O�#�O�#7B�),7o����6������)��!582P£(�à�!6N\M �2P�#9QJM �2�9_2�7j�!6N�!��),7&@

ÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^@¨[µ¯²¶l±�®täûµX¶l¯"­�$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðoä |SÌÙË,È a ±«ªf¯"­|Ðv­z¶�»«­|Ðoä�¯_$'&�¬=¹�Ò�´|аûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ý�mf582:��2�B�),7-.Ù��2��Z)G 2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�T�#7j<), #<2�.ü�!5-2K£ 6NL2�7o�W �2�6N��7M�#78LÊ6NL,6�07-���678)�!582��Z£�6NL2�7o�:��\])�!5ü+-�!�#78L:�!582dB�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#���_�#9QJ� �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7��C@Ùmf5824��2��c+82�7-B�2E)GO�!��2�JM�),+8�! #�0782�.4�#7Em|6N\M #2�¾ Û 'n6�(Gl), # #)>'*2�.F@fmf582 '*2���L,5o�!�U)GH�!582P782�+-��6 &782��h'V)�!1W'V2��!2P�!2�B�)��.82�.E2�<2��!"Û ÝÝÝ_L,69_2���@

±XÐcä>´zÒ0¯�ä ýk%Ü7Wmz6N\M �2 ½ Ý=$��!582; #2�6N��782����#�f��2�����2�.E6NL,6�07-���(6_����6�#782�.Z)JMJ�),7-2�7j��@nmf582;.M6N�!6��!58)�'�7Û Á

Page 63: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý8¾ .¿ÌOÝ=@ ÝÝ ÛÂ(+M9ÿ)G �t��7 �t��7 ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �t��7 �&�C7 ?(�C6�'����6�#7 ��2�YcJ]� ����6�#7 ��2�YcJ��L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��Û ÝÝÝ Û Éà ÃÃ Û É=¾ Û ÝÝÝ ÈNËË ¾�Á,È Ãþ Û ÝÝÝ ÁËà ½²Ø Ë Û È ¾ Û ÝÝÝ È ½ Á ½ ¾ Ø Û É½Û ÝÝÝ Á,È Û ½ Á=¾ Á ½ ½Û ÝÝÝ ÁËà ½Û ¾ ÛÛÃ Û ÝÝÝ È Û Á ¾�Ë=¾ Û ¾ Ã Û ÝÝÝ Èc¾ Û ½ Ã Ø Û ÝØjÛ ÝÝÝ ÈNÃ Ø ½ ¾¾ Û²Ø ØjÛ ÝÝÝ ÈNÃ Ø ½ ¾ Û Û ÝÛÛ ÝÝÝ ÈNÁ,È ¾�É,È ØØ ÛÛ ÝÝÝ ÁÁÉ ½²ØjÛ ÉÁÁ Û ÝÝÝ ÈÈNÁ ¾�ÉNÝ Ø Ã Á Û ÝÝÝ ÁÃà ½ Ë Ø È ½È Û ÝÝÝ Û ÉË Ã=¾ Û Ë Ø È Û ÝÝÝ ÈÈÈ ¾�É ½ Ø ÝÉ Û ÝÝÝ ÈNÃ,È ½ Ý,Ë Û Ã É Û ÝÝÝ È ½ à ½ ¾�Á ÁNÝË Û ÝÝÝ É ½ È ¾ Ø Ý Ã ½ Ë Û ÝÝÝ Èc¾ ½ ½ Ã Û Û½

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐæ¬oò�^�ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»©¨[»MÐ=®�¯ EbLDL G¿¬&ä ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t» ¨X»�Ðc®�¯ EbLDL G;^¹l­|Ð ¹q¯^±�¬�Ð ¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐä;­|±�µ�äü³z¹8¯>¹ ªS±M°Ù¯3µ3±æÒ�Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»æ¹-»�Ðc®�¯>ä]°ÚÍU¹Mµ:­ ¹-»�Ðc®�¯ÙÒ�Ðo¹-°N®|ä Ðy¬�Ðc°;¶ ¹MÒl¯>Ðo°N®|¹8¯>Ðæ¬�KVK»M¹�Ñ÷ÐcäP°\[4´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»Ç¯"­|ÐK¹-»MÐ=®�¯4¶g®r¯"­|ÐKä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ûµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®¤ÏzÒ�¹y¶&äZ³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶E�Ï�¶�µ�ºFäd¯"­|ÐÇÑ÷¹8Ît¶gÑ/´zÑ ªh°�±�Ñ $ ¬8¹MÒg´tÐcä�G[µg­|¶gÒ�Ð�¯"­|Ð�¹-»MÐ=®�¯:¶g®û¯"­z¶�°�³ïµj±�Òg´|Ñç®ïµ�­t±F±�ä�ÐcäµX¶l¯"­ ¹M® ÐoÎ&Ï^±�®tÐ=®�¯�¶�¹MÒ*³z¶�ä�¯�°²¶k¯�´&¯�¶�±�®

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð÷·F¬d^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­�®;Ò�±M¯>ä�E�¹*¹d¯zÒ�Ð�¬oòRGQªS±M°Zì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbLDL GP¯>°²¹M¶g®tÐc³Ù¹-»M¹�¶�®|ä�¯T¹ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»´¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbL}L�G;^c¹{­|Ð[Ï�Ò�±-¯3±�®ç¯"­|Ð4Ò�ÐyªS¯Pµ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zä3¯>± .�ÌÙÝ=¿ ÝÝ Û ®�¯"­|ÐZ±�®|ÐZ±�®¯"­|ÐX°N¶�»«­�¯;µj±M°²°�Ðcä�Ï^±�®t³zä;¯�± .¿Ì§Ý=¿ Ý8¾ °l¹{­tÐUO�&�¹8Ît¶�ä °�ÐcÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>äI¯"­|ÐX°²Ðc»�´zÒl¹M°R¶g®�¯>Ðc°;¬8¹MÒ�äR¶�®µg­z¶�µ:­÷¯"­|Ð_$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐc亵3Ðo°²Ð�°²Ðoµj±M°²³|Ðc³�³z´|°²¶g®|»4¯>°²¹M¶g®z¶�®|»�®�Q?&�¹8Ît¶�ä;¶�äI¯:­tÐ[®F´|Ñ�¯^Ðc°;±«ª�µX¶g®|ä¯,¶`Ðc¹-µ�­�Ï�Ò�¹m¶�Ðo°y° ¹l­|Ч¹-»MÐ=®�¯çÑʹ-°²ºMÐc³d_ÐoÎ&Ï CïÏ�¶�µ�ºFäç¹-µ¯²¶l±�®täçä�¯>±Fµ�­|¹-ä�¯�¶�µ,¹MÒgÒ�¶`³�´t°N¶g®t»¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»�°

Û È

Page 64: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.¿ÌOÝ=@ Ý8¾ .¿ÌOÝ=@ ÝÝ ÛÂ(+M9ÿ)G �t��7 �t��7 ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �t��7 �&�C7 ?U��6>'����6�#7 ��JFB��C� ����6�#7 ��J]B��C�L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��Û ÝÝÝ Ã Û Ã Û ÈNÁ È²Ý Û ÝÝÝ Û²Ø Ý ÃÁ,È Ë ½¾ Û ÝÝÝ Ã ½Û ÁNÝ,É Á Û ¾ Û ÝÝÝ ÃÉNÝ ØØj½ ¾>ÈÈ½Û ÝÝÝ ½ ÉË Û½ Á ¾�É Ø ½Û ÝÝÝ Ã Û½ Û ÈNÃ È ØÃ Û ÝÝÝ Û ¾ Ø Ø Ã Û Û Ý Ã Û ÝÝÝ ÃNÝÝ Ø ¾¾ ½ É,ÈØjÛ ÝÝÝ Ø ÁÉ ÃË Û ¾�Ã Û ØjÛ ÝÝÝ Ø ÁË Ø ÈNÉ Û ¾ÛÛ ÝÝÝ Ø Ý,à Øj½ Ý ¾>ÈNÁ ÛÛ ÝÝÝ Ã,È ½ Û Ý,Ë ¾¾�ÉÁ Û ÝÝÝ Ø Ëà Ã,È ½ ¾�Ã Ø Á Û ÝÝÝ ½ ËÉ Û ÉË ¾¾¾È Û ÝÝÝ ÃÁÃ Ø ÁÉ ¾�Á,È È Û ÝÝÝ Û É Û Ã,È ½ Øj½É Û ÝÝÝ ÃÉ,È Û Ã,È È Ø É Û ÝÝÝ Ø Ý,Ë Û ÃÉ Û½Ë Û ÝÝÝ Û ÃË Ã Ø Á ¾¾ Ø Ë Û ÝÝÝ Ã,ÈNÃ Û ÈNË Ø Á

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐï·ÔK�^�ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»©¨[»MÐ=®�¯ EbLDL G¿¬&ä ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t» ¨X»�Ðc®�¯ EbLDL G;^¹l­|Ð ¹q¯^±�¬�Ð ¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐä;­|±�µ�äü³z¹8¯>¹ ªS±M°Ù¯3µ3±æÒ�Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»æ¹-»�Ðc®�¯>ä]°ÚÍU¹Mµ:­ ¹-»�Ðc®�¯ÙÒ�Ðo¹-°N®|ä Ðy¬�Ðc°;¶ ¹MÒl¯>Ðo°N®|¹8¯>Ðæ¬�KVK»M¹�Ñ÷ÐcäP°\[4´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»Ç¯"­|ÐK¹-»MÐ=®�¯4¶g®r¯"­|ÐKä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ûµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®¤ÏzÒ�¹y¶&äZ³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶E�Ï�¶�µ�ºFäd¯"­|ÐÇÑ÷¹8Ît¶gÑ/´zÑ ªh°�±�Ñ $ ¬8¹MÒg´tÐcä�G[µg­|¶gÒ�Ð�¯"­|Ð�¹-»MÐ=®�¯:¶g®û¯"­z¶�°�³ïµj±�Òg´|Ñç®ïµ�­t±F±�ä�Ðcä¹M®¦¶i¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®_µX¶l¯"­i¹%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ð |AÌrË,È a ±qª�¯"­|Ðv­z¶�»«­|Ðoä�¯4$º&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðq°6N�!2UGl)�� �2�6N�C7-�#78L �C6N��2���Ý=@ ÝÝ Û 67-.XÝ=@ Ý8¾N@*mf582UB�), #+-9_7X),7[�!582U #2�Gl�n�!58)�'��k�!5-2UJ]),�#7o�!�k6N�n'�5M�#B�5X�!582£(�à<N6 #+82��k'V2��!2(�!2�B�)��.82�.[.-+8�C�#78LO����6�#7-�078L8@Hen), #+-9_7-� ½ 67-.XàL,��<2��!5-2(7c+-9;\]2��^)GF'(�#7-�H�!2�B�)�C.82�.\c"Q2�6B�5[JM #6>"2���@^mf582U #6���VB�), 0+-9_7�B�)���!2���J]),7-.-�H��)R�!582O7o+M9;\]2��^)G&L,69_2��V�!5M6N�k2�7-.82�.[�#7X6;.8��6>' @mf58236NL2�7o� 9_6N�!12�.ÝWÜJFB���Y[JM�#B!1=�U),782Q6B��!��),7:G��!),9 �!582Q6B��!��),7-�O�!5-6N�I5-6><2X£(�à<²6 0+82��O6N\�)�<2_Ë,È S)G��!582P5M��L,582����(£(�à<N6 #+82IG�)���!5M6N�(���!6N��2@�mf582;)�!582��(6NL2�7o�(J��#B!1=���!582R6B��!��),74'��#�!5Z�!582;9_6²Y8�#9R+-9£(�à<N6 #+82 �#7T2�6BC5W���!6N��2@

����L,+8�!2 ½½ L,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ýU%Ü7E�!5M�#�OB�6��2$&�!582��!2Q�#�(),7- �"E6[�� #��L,5o�U.-����2��!2�7MB�2R\]2��h'V2�2�7:�!5823�h'V)ZJM 06�"2�����@Pmf5-�#�U�#�6NL,6�#7Q�#7RB�),7o����6���H��)I�!582�£(�à�!6N\M #2n�09QJM �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7F$²'�582���2*�!5-2n #2�6N��782���JM #6>"c�#7-L(.82���2���9��#7-�#���!�0B�6 # �"

Û É

Page 65: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð÷·M·,^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­�®;Ò�±M¯>ä�E�¹*¹d¯zÒ�ÐK·ÔKRGQªS±M°Zì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbLDL GP¯>°²¹M¶g®tÐc³Ù¹-»M¹�¶�®|ä�¯T¹ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»´¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbL}L�G;^c¹{­|Ð[Ï�Ò�±-¯3±�®ç¯"­|Ð4Ò�ÐyªS¯Pµ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zä3¯>± .�ÌÙÝ=¿ ÝÝ Û ®�¯"­|ÐZ±�®|ÐZ±�®¯"­|Ð÷°N¶�»«­�¯Wµ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zäW¯>± . Ì Ý=¿ Ý8¾ °�¹l­|ÐeO�&�¹8Ît¶�ä4°²ÐcÏ|°²Ðoä>Ðc®�¯>ä4¯"­tÐç°²Ðo»�´|Ò�¹-°:¶g®�¯>Ðo°"¬8¹MÒ�ä¶g®ÇµX­|¶�µ�­r¯"­|ÐB$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäaµ3Ðo°²Ð÷°²Ðcµ,±M°²³|Ðc³û³z´|°²¶g®|»i¯>°²¹M¶g®z¶�®|»�®fQ?&�¹8Ît¶�ä4¶�äZ¯"­|ÐÊ®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°W±«ªµX¶g®|äg¯,¶§Ðo¹-µ�­rÏ�Ò�¹m¶�Ðo°y°U[4´|°N¶�®|»�¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»�®^¯"­|Ð/¹-»�Ðc®�¯ZÑ÷¹M°�º�Ðo³g_Ï^µ¯�C Ï�¶lµ²ºFäT¹M®¦¶Ù¹-µ¯�¶�±�®µX¶l¯"­ ¹%$'&�¬=¹�Ò�´|Ð4¯:­t¹8¯�¶�ä�òR±«°ÓK a ¹d¯^±�¬�ÐW¯"­|Ð�­|¶�»«­|Ðcä�¯_$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tЫ° �),���f6��!��L,7-�¢��B�67j��7c+-9;\]2���)G�L,69Q2���@

ÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^@¨T®¦¶i¹MÑʱ�®|»K¯�±MÏÙÌK¹-µ¯²¶l±�®tä�¹8¯_¯>Ðcä�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýnmf5-�#���!2���)G�2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!���#7j<), #<2�.4�!582Q£ï6NL2�7o�U �2�6N�C7-�#78LQ6NL,6�#7-�!�(678)�!582��I£6NL2�7o�n��\])�!5;+M�!�#78LfB�),7-7-2�B��!��),7-�#���z�#9QJM #2�9Q2�7j�!6N�!�#),7��C@tmf582*��2��c+82�7-B�2k)G8����2�J��t),+8�! 0�#782�. �#7;m|6N\M #2�¾ Û'n6�fG�), # �)>'*2�.F@^mf5-2I'V2���L,5o�!�f)Gz�!582;7-2�+8��6 F782��h'V)�!1T'*2��!2 �!2�B�)�C.82�.Z2�<2��!" Û ÝÝÝ_L,69_2���@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ý�%Ü7dm|6N\M #2 ½ ¾N$F�!5-23 #2�6N��782��O�#�U��2�����2�./6NL,6�#7-���I6X����6�#782�.d)J-J]),782�7o��@Imf5823.-6N�!6Z�!58)�'�76N�!2UGl)�� �2�6N�C7-�#78L �C6N��2���Ý=@ ÝÝ Û 67-.XÝ=@ Ý8¾N@*mf582UB�), #+-9_7X),7[�!582U #2�Gl�n�!58)�'��k�!5-2UJ]),�#7o�!�k6N�n'�5M�#B�5X�!582£(�à<N6 #+82��k'V2��!2(�!2�B�)��.82�.[.-+8�C�#78LO����6�#7-�078L8@Hen), #+-9_7-� ½ 67-.XàL,��<2��!5-2(7c+-9;\]2��^)GF'(�#7-�H�!2�B�)�C.82�.\c"Q2�6B�5[JM #6>"2���@^mf582U #6���VB�), 0+-9_7�B�)���!2���J]),7-.-�H��)R�!582O7o+M9;\]2��^)G&L,69_2��V�!5M6N�k2�7-.82�.[�#7X6;.8��6>' @mf582�6NL2�7o�k9_6N�!12�.4����)J[Ã,�|JM�#B!1=��),782�6B��!��),7QG��!),9ê�!582�6B��!��),7M�H�!5-6N�HB�)�!�!2���J]),7-.3��)I�!5-2�ÃO5M��L,582����£(�à<N6 #+82���@^m�582I)�!582��(6NL2�7o��J��#B!1=�n�!582;6B��!��),7W'����!5T�!582 9�6²Y=�#9R+-9 £(�à<N6 #+82 �07T2�6B�5d���!6N��2@

����L,+8�!2 ½ ÃUL,��<2��k6OJM �)��)G��!5-2�'��#7-�z�!2�B�)��.-2�.3Gl)�H2�6BC5_JM #6>"2���@Hþk6BC5QJM �)�H�#��JM #)����2�.3Gl)� ½ ÝOJ]),�#7o�!�6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.&@

Û Ë

Page 66: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

.´ÌIÝ=@ Ý8¾ .´ÌIÝ=@ ÝÝ ÛÂU+-9 )G �&��7 �t��7 ?(�C6�' Â(+-9å)G �t��7 �&��7 ?U��6>'����6�07 ����)J:Ã,� ����6�#7 ����)JdÃ,�L,69Q2�� L,69Q2��Û ÝÝÝ Ø ¾�à ۽½ Á Ø Û ÝÝÝ Û ËÃ Ã Û Á Ø Ë¾ Û ÝÝÝ Ø Á=¾ Ø ÉÉ Ø Ë ¾ Û ÝÝÝ Û½½ Ø ¾ ½ Á Ø½Û ÝÝÝ Ø Ý,Ã Û ÃË Û È ½Û ÝÝÝ ÃË Û ÛÛ½ Û½Ã Û ÝÝÝ Û²Ø Ë Ø Ý,Ë Ø Ý Ã Û ÝÝÝ ØjÛ Ë Ø Ë Û Ø ÁØjÛ ÝÝÝ Û²Ø Ã Ø Ý Û Û ¾ ØjÛ ÝÝÝ Ø É ½ Ø É=¾ ÃÁÛÛ ÝÝÝ Û ¾�Ý Øj½ Ë ÁNÝ ÛÛ ÝÝÝ Ø Ë=¾ Øj½²Ø ÉÃÁ Û ÝÝÝ Û ÉÉ ÃÁÁ ØØ Á Û ÝÝÝ Ø ¾�Ý ÛÛ²Ø Ã ÛÈ Û ÝÝÝ ÃÉË ÛÛ È Û Ã È Û ÝÝÝ Û ËË Ã Û²Ø Ø ÁÉ Û ÝÝÝ Ø ¾ ½ Û ¾ Û È ½ É Û ÝÝÝ Ø Á ½ Ø Ë,È ÃËË Û ÝÝÝ Á ½ Á ÃÃÁ Ã,È Ë Û ÝÝÝ ØjÛ É Ø ËÁ ØjÛ

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐï·F¬q^�ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»©¨[»MÐ=®�¯ EbLDL G¿¬&ä ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t» ¨X»�Ðc®�¯ EbLDL G;^¹l­|Ð ¹q¯^±�¬�Ð ¯>¹d¯�ÒlÐä;­|±�µ�äü³z¹8¯>¹ ªS±M°Ù¯3µ3±æÒ�Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»æ¹-»�Ðc®�¯>ä]°ÚÍU¹Mµ:­ ¹-»�Ðc®�¯ÙÒ�Ðo¹-°N®|ä Ðy¬�Ðc°;¶ ¹MÒl¯>Ðo°N®|¹8¯>Ðæ¬�KVK»M¹�Ñ÷ÐcäP°\[4´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®|»Ç¯"­|ÐK¹-»MÐ=®�¯4¶g®r¯"­|ÐKä�Ðcµ,±�®|³ûµ,±�Òg´zÑÊ®¤ÏzÒ�¹y¶&äZ³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶E�Ï�¶�µ�ºFäd¯"­|ÐÇÑ÷¹8Ît¶gÑ/´zÑ ªh°�±�Ñ $ ¬8¹MÒg´tÐcä�G[µg­|¶gÒ�Ð�¯"­|Ð�¹-»MÐ=®�¯:¶g®û¯"­z¶�°�³ïµj±�Òg´|Ñç®ïµ�­t±F±�ä�Ðcä¹M®¦¶i±«ªf¯"­|ÐE¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®|äµX¶l¯"­i¯>±MÏÙÌ%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäP°

ÁNÝ

Page 67: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð÷·-Ì�^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­�®;Ò�±M¯>ä�E�¹*¹d¯zÒ�ÐK·F¬ÔGQªS±M°Zì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbLDL GP¯>°²¹M¶g®tÐc³Ù¹-»M¹�¶�®|ä�¯T¹ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»´¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbL}L�G;^c¹{­|Ð[Ï�Ò�±-¯3±�®ç¯"­|Ð4Ò�ÐyªS¯Pµ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zä3¯>± .�ÌÙÝ=¿ ÝÝ Û ®�¯"­|ÐZ±�®|ÐZ±�®¯"­|Ð÷°N¶�»«­�¯Wµ,±�°�°²Ðcä�Ï^±�®|³zäW¯>± . Ì Ý=¿ Ý8¾ °�¹l­|ÐeO�&�¹8Ît¶�ä4°²ÐcÏ|°²Ðoä>Ðc®�¯>ä4¯"­tÐç°²Ðo»�´|Ò�¹-°:¶g®�¯>Ðo°"¬8¹MÒ�ä¶g®ÇµX­|¶�µ�­r¯"­|ÐB$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäaµ3Ðo°²Ð÷°²Ðcµ,±M°²³|Ðc³û³z´|°²¶g®|»i¯>°²¹M¶g®z¶�®|»�®fQ?&�¹8Ît¶�ä4¶�äZ¯"­|ÐÊ®F´zÑ�¯^Ðc°W±«ªµX¶g®|ä�¯,¶KÐo¹Mµ:­çÏ�Òl¹y¶�Ðc°y°E[4´|°N¶�®|»E¯>Ðoä�¯�¶g®t»c®F¯"­tÐ[¹-»�Ðc®�¯PÑʹ-°²ºMÐc³h_N¯>±�ÏçÌVC/Ïz¶�µ²ºFä;¹M®¦¶Ê¹-µ¯�¶�±�®ªS°²±�Ñƹ-µ¯�¶�±�®täûµX¶l¯"­Ç¯>±�ϧÌB$'&�¬=¹�Ò�´|ÐcäP°¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ý^¡(L,6�#7F$c�!582U #2�6N��782��VBC58)c),�!�#78L3.82���2���9_�07-�#���!�#B�6 0 �"$JM #6>"c�*���!�V)J-J]),782�7j�V'����!5[6;L��2�6N��2��6N\M�# 0���S"X�!5-67Z�!582R£U�à�!6N\M �2 �#9QJ� �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7F@

ã�°�ãc°¢ã ñP°²±Mä�äX¹VÐcä�¯�¶g®|»ÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^�ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¤¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVGn¯�°�¹M¶g®|Ðo³÷¹-»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯ ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»�¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐÔG ¯�Ðoä�¯�Ðo³ü¹-»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯Ü® °²±M»�°�¹�ÑÊÑÊÐo³ü¹-»MÐ=®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýR%Ü7K�!5M�#�;��2��P)Gf2�Y=J�2��C�#9Q2�7o�!��$|78)E����6�#7-�078L4'n6�P.8),7-2@4%�7M����2�6.F$z�!582[ #2�6N��7-�#78L6NL2�7o�!�W�g+-�!�#7-LWGg+- # *£U�à�!6N\M �2�� ����6�#782�.ç6NL,6�#7-���Q �2�6N�C7-�#78LW6NL2�7o�W�g+-�!�078LWGg+- # n£(�à�!6N\M �2��;'*2��!2[+M��2�.F@mf582 6NL2�7o�!�('V2��!2I��2��!��2�.E6NL,6�#7M�����!582 J-��)L��69_9Q2�.T)J-J]),782�7o��G�)��.-�¢�]2��!2�7o�f������6N��2�L,��2��()GzBC58)c),�Ü��#78L_6B��!�#),7-��@

±[Ðoä>´zÒl¯>ä ý*%Ü7Wmz6N\M �2 ½½ $��!5-2Pmf582P.-6N�!6��!5-)>'�7d�#�fG�)�( #2�6N��7-�#78LQ�C6N��2RÝ=@ Ý ½Û @Umf582;B�), #+M9_74),7E�!582 �2�G��f�!58)�'����!582 J]),�#7o�!��6N�f'�5M�#B�5T�!5823£(�à<²6 0+82��n'V2���2 �!2�B�)��.82�.E.-+8���078LP���C6�#7-�#78L8@

Á=¾

Page 68: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

1#D 8 Dji�k kml 8 85n k F&('#) *,+.- VW+ C 27+54 *6+5- VX+ C 23+54 *,+.- VW+ C 27+54 *,+.- VX+ C 23+548 +:9�;%- 1#D 8 Dji�k kol 8 8.n k FC 9?)�D�>H $?�?� !?!�� KML � K ! G I ! F $ N $ I�I ! ! N � ! H ! N $ H ! L $ F�KJG KML�KI $?$?�?� ! N $ !�$ I N?H�I I ! N $ N $ I ! H ! KJI ! G ! N?N $ ! N ! I�G?K $ K�KKJI $?�?� ! N?H ! G?H N?F?F I ! K $ N?K I�I � ! F?F ! I�H L�F?H ! H ! I�KJF $ L $$ G $?�?� ! G?G ! I $ NJL $ I?I ! $ N?K I ! K ! K�F I ! N N�K � !?! K F �J$ $ L�GL�N $?�?� I�L�F ! KML $ L�G I ��� $ G�F I � N ! N ! I�N � $ L?L ! H�K $ H?K I�F !G?F $?�?� H?F !�� G H � L I?I ! $ N�F I ! K I � F ! L�H N ! H ! H ! F�I $ K�G�F! I�L $?�?� !�$ H !?! I L�I�G I !�! $ H�N I � I I?F?F !�� F N?N�I I�KJI K�G?K I�N�F! K?K ���?� ! L ! L�N L $ I I � K $ H $ I !�� I�I�K I?I�H $ K�N I�F ! K?K ! F�IJL! N !�$?�?� ! K�H ! I $ L�I $ I � I $ H�F I !�$ ! N $ ! I ! L ! F I � I F?G�N K � !! G $?$?�?� !�$�� ! F $ L ! K I !�� $ L?I I ! N !���$ ! I�N L�N?H ! H�I F?F�G KML�L

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐ[·M·,^Oì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»¤¨[»MÐ=®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐÔGx¬&äIì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»n¨[»MÐ=®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐÔG�¹*Ðoä�¯�Ðo³K¹M»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯Ïz°�±�»M°²¹MÑÊÑÊÐc³Ç±MÏzÏ^±�®|Ðc®�¯m^¼¹l­|Ð4¹d¯^±�¬�Ð4¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐZä;­|±yµXäQ°�Ðcä>´zÒ0¯�äªS±M°_¯"­tÐEÒlÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»K°²¹8¯>ÐZä�Ðo¯¹8¯4K�°ÓK�·Më,°p_cÓ¦µ3¹-Ï2Cü¶�ä[³|Î&Ðc³â¹8¯/¬jKVK�°v¹l­|Ð/³z¶rqkÐc°²Ðc®�¯Zä�¯>°²¹8¯>Ðc»�¶�Ðcä[ªS±M°Eµ:­|±F±Mä�¶�®|»i¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®|ä¶�ä:ä;­t±�µX® ¹-äs_³|Ðo¯�C¤µj±M°²°�Ðcä�Ï^±�®t³zä:¯>±rµ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»â¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®|ä/³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯²¶lµj¹MÒgÒ>¶q®U_ÐoÎ&Ï Cê¶�äµ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»r¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®|äEä�¯�±Fµ:­|¹-ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶d®t_Ï^µ,¯�Câµ,±�°�°²Ðoä>Ï^±�®|³|äd¯>±§µ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»r¹M®ê¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®·ªh°�±�ѹMÒgÒ�¯:­tÐK¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®|ä[µX¶l¯"­í$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐ÷»M°²Ðo¹8¯�Ðo°Z¯:­t¹M®¤òr± a ±qªI¯"­|Эz¶�»«­|Ðoä�¯0$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðq®_N¯>±MÏ ÌÔC¶�ä_µ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»�¹M® ¹-µ¯�¶�±�®¡ªh°�±�Ñ�¯"­|ÐWä�Ðo¯�±«ª�¹-µ¯²¶l±�®täûµX¶l¯"­Ç¯�±MÏų̈$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäP°

Á ½

Page 69: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð[·8ãc^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­I®;Ò�±-¯>äÑE�¹*¹d¯�Ò�Ð[·�·*G9ªS±�°;ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¤¨[»�Ðc®�¯ÜE�$'&!¯>¹q¯zÒ�ÐVG*¯>°²¹M¶g®|Ðo³K¹M»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯¹çìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»�¨[»�Ðc®�¯ E�$'&!¯>¹d¯�Ò�ÐÔG"^�¹*Ðcä�¯>Ðc³r¹-»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯TÏ|°²±M»�°�¹MÑçÑÊÐo³Ù±MÏzÏ^±�®tÐ=®�¯]°a¹l­|Ð/ÏzÒ�±M¯>äµ,±�°�°²Ðoä>Ï^±�®|³ç¯>± .´ÌÙÝ=¿ Ý ½Û ¹{­|Ð�O�&�¹8Ît¶�äI°²ÐoÏz°�Ðcä�Ð=®�¯>äI¯"­|Ð[°�Ðc»�´zÒ�¹-°R¶g®�¯>Ðc°"¬=¹�ÒläP¶�®¿µg­z¶lµ�­÷¯"­tÐ$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäXµRÐc°�Ð/°²Ðcµ,±M°²³|Ðc³¤³�´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�®�Q�&�¹-Ît¶läZ¶�äT¯"­|ÐK®F´|Ñ�¯kÐo°4±«ªSµX¶g®tä[¯,¶rÐc¹-µ:­Ï�Òl¹y¶�Ðc°y°u[4´t°N¶g®t»E¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®t»c®&¯"­|ÐT¹-»MÐ=®�¯RÑʹ-°²ºMÐc³`_N¯�±MÏÇÌÔCKÏ�¶�µ�ºFäR¹M®¦¶÷¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®�ªh°�±�ÑÀ¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®|äµX¶l¯"­i¯>±MÏÙÌ%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäP°

ÁÃ

Page 70: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ý_m�582X �2�6N�C782�.Ê6NL2�7o�Q.8)c2��P78)�R\]2�6N�R�#�!�;)J-J]),782�7o�P�07÷9Q),���R)Gf�!582[B�6��2���@/¡U9Q),78L�!582 Ø .-�¢�]2��!2�7o�*9_2�67-�n)G|BC58)o),���#78LQ6B��!��),7-��.-+-���#78LP��2����!�#78L8$8�!582I.82���2��C9_�#7-�#�!�!�#B�BC58),�#B�2I)G|6B��!�#),7-���2�2�9_�O��)T'*)�!14\]2�����@I%Ü7d�!5-�#�UB�6��2Q6 �),782$F�!582Q �2�6N��7M�#78L�6NL2�7o�I),+8��JM #6>"c�O�!5-2P)J-J]),782�7o�O6N� ��),9Q2J]),�#7o�!� �g6����2�2�7WGl�!),9å�!582I\])����),93�à����L,5o�fL��6NJM5W�#7Z����L,+8�!2 ½²Ø �C@

ÍEO�® ÍS±X­�°ûÍL�¹ ^nì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»¸¨[»MÐ=®�¯IEbLDL GQ¯>°�¹�¶�®|Ðc³â¹-»M¹�¶�®|ä�¯4ì*Ðo¹M°²®z¶g®t»¸¨[»MÐ=®�¯IEbL}L�G¯>Ðcä�¯>Ðc³ ¹-»�¹M¶g®tä�¯Ü® °²±M»M°²¹MÑçÑ÷Ðc³ ¹M»MÐ=®�¯°ûÐj¯:­t±F³z±�Ò�±M»q¶ ýR%Ü7K�!5M�#�;��2��P)Gf2�Y=J�2��C�#9Q2�7o�!��$|78)E����6�#7-�078L4'n6�P.8),7-2@4%�7M����2�6.F$z�!582[ #2�6N��7-�#78L6NL2�7o�!�_�g+-�!�#78LXB�),7-782�B��!��),7-�0���(�#9_JM �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7�������6�#782�.E6NL,6�#7-���O �2�6N��7-�078L�6NL2�7o�Q�g+M�!�#78L�B�),7M782�B���!��),7-�0���f�#9QJM #2�9Q2�7j�!6N�!�#),7��V'V2���2;+-��2�.F@*mf582;6NL2�7o�!�('V2��!2P��2�����2�.W6NL,6�07-�����!5-2 J-�!)L��69�9Q2�.Z)J-J])N�782�7o�fG�)��.-�¢�]2��!2�7o�f������6N��2�L,��2���)GzBC58)o),���#78L�6B��!��),7M��@

±[Ðoä�´|Òl¯>ä ýf%Ü7Emz6N\M �2 ½ Ãc$]�!582Rm�582P.-6N�!6T�!5-)>'�7d�#�(Gl)�O �2�6N��7-�078L_��6N��2QÝ=@ ÝÝ Û @Imf5823B�), #+-9_7W),7�!582; #2�Gl�f�!5-)>'����!5-2IJ�),�07j�!�f6N��'�5-�#BC5T�!582P£(�à<N6 #+82���'*2��!2 �!2�B�)�C.82�.4.-+8�C�#78LR����6�#7-�#7-L8@

¨T®t¹�Ò>¶&ä�¶lä ýQmf582X �2�6N��782�.Ê6NL2�7j�3B�),9Q2��3B� �),��2X��)E\]2�6N�!�#78LE���!� )J-J]),782�7o�P�07K9Q),���R)G��!582XB�6�!2���@¡U9Q),78L3�!582 Ø .M�¢��2���2�7j�n9Q2�67-�n)GtBC58)c),�!�#78L36B��!��),7-��.-+-���#78L ��2��!�!�#78L8$8�!582O.82���2���9_�07-�#���!�#B�B�58),�#B�2I)G6B��!��),7-���!2�2�9_����)3'V)��1X\]2�����@�%Ü7T�!5-�#�nB�6��2$8�!582  �2�6N�C7-�#78LR6NL2�7j�f),+-��JM #6�"=�n�!582O)J-J]),782�7o��6N�f��),9Q2J]),�#7o�!� �g6�f��2�2�7ZG��!),9 �!582I\])����),93�à���#L,5j��L��6NJ�5Z�#7Z����L,+8�!2 ½Û �C@k%Ü7T�!582I)�!582��(B�6��2���$-�!582  #2�6N��7-�#78L6NL2�7o�(9_67-6NL2�����)����!6>"4B� �),��2 67-.4�0�f78)�fB�),9QJM #2���2� �"X),+-��JM #6�"2�.

en �2�6N�C �"$oG��!),9 ����L,+8�!2�� ½²Ø 67-. ½Û $8'*2IB�67Z��2�2O�!5-6N�n�!582I �2�6N��7-�#7-LP6NL2�7o�f+-�!�#78LP�!582IB�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#���9Q)=.82� *J]2��!Gl)�C9_�;\]2�����2��_6NL,6�#7M���Q6 # kJM�!)L��69_9Q2�.�)JMJ�),7-2�7j�R'�582�7�B�),9QJM6N��2�.���)d�!5-24£U�à�!6N\M �2�#9QJ� �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7F@H¡(7Z�07j��2��!2��!�!�#78LRJ�),�07j�*��)_78)��2I'*),+- #.[\]2(�!582 7c+-9P\]2��*)Gz.8��6>'����#7X\�)�!5ZB�6�!2���$'�5-�0B�5XJ-�!)\M6N\M #"3����L,7-�¢�M2��^�!5-6N�n�!582U #2�6N��7-�#78LP6NL2�7j��6B��!+-6 # #"� �2�6N��7-�V��)RL2��*��2�'*6N��.M��$o'(582��!2�6�*�!582£(�à�!6N\M #2 6NL2�7j�U �2�6N��7-����)X���!6�"Z6�'n6�"ZG��!),9ÿJ�+-7-�#�!5M9Q2�7j�!��@

Á Ø

Page 71: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

í�¶�»�´|°²Ð÷·Më,^ ½ °�¹MÏ�­�®;Ò�±M¯>ä�E�¹*¹d¯zÒ�ÐK·-ÌRGQªS±M°Zì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»�¨[»MÐ=®�¯�EbLDL GP¯>°²¹M¶g®tÐc³Ù¹-»M¹�¶�®|ä�¯T¹ì*Ðo¹-°N®z¶�®|»Ç¨[»MÐ=®�¯¨EbLDL G;^�¹*Ðoä�¯>Ðo³`¹-»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯/Ï|°²±M»�°�¹�ÑÊÑÊÐo³ï±�Ï|Ïk±�®|Ðc®�¯]° ¹{­|ÐiÏzÒ�±M¯>ä:µ,±M°�&°²Ðoä�Ïk±�®|³ê¯>± .ÝÌæÝ=¿ ÝÝ Û ¹{­|ÐvO�&�¹8Ît¶�äE°�ÐcÏ|°²Ðcä�Ðc®�¯�ä4¯"­|Ð�°�Ðc»�´zÒ�¹-°/¶�®�¯�Ðo°"¬8¹MÒ�äE¶g® µg­|¶�µ�­ ¯"­tÐ$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäXµRÐc°�Ð/°²Ðcµ,±M°²³|Ðc³¤³�´|°²¶g®|»Ç¯>°²¹M¶g®|¶g®|»�®�Q�&�¹-Ît¶läZ¶�äT¯"­|ÐK®F´|Ñ�¯kÐo°4±«ªSµX¶g®tä[¯,¶rÐc¹-µ:­Ï�Òl¹y¶�Ðc°y°u[4´t°N¶g®t»E¯>Ðcä�¯�¶g®t»c®&¯"­|ÐT¹-»MÐ=®�¯RÑʹ-°²ºMÐc³`_N¯�±MÏÇÌÔCKÏ�¶�µ�ºFäR¹M®¦¶÷¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®�ªh°�±�ÑÀ¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®|äµX¶l¯"­i¯>±MÏÙÌ%$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäP°

Á Û

Page 72: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

1�D 8 Dji�k kml 8 8.n k F&(' ) n�w *6+5- VX+ C 23+54 *,+.- VW+ C 27+.4 *6+5- VX+ C 23+54 *6+5- VX+ C 23+54

8 +59?;@- 1�D 8 Dji�k kml 8 8.n k FC 9?)ED�>!����?�?� F � I K $ H I�F�G K � N $ H?G K F?F � N?N ! L I�G�H N?GJI GF ���?�?� K � N K�N�F ! F � K � N $ H?G K K $ G $ FJI L F?H?K N � K !�!$����?�?� $ N � F $ I HML K � L $ H?H K FJL�L N �J$ ! L F?H�N $ G�N ! LL ���?�?� N�I $ I�N ! !?! F K � L $ H?G K $ HJI F?GJI I $ K�NML K�G�H F?KG ���?�?� I�G�G $?$ K ! KJN K � N $ H?G K I�H � L � G G I $ K L�F?K !�!!?!����?��� $�! L I�G�H ! H�F K � N $ H?G K K�NML K?KJG HJI K $ L $ I � I !! F ���?��� KJI?F F?G?K ! HJI K � L $ H?H K K�N?K $ I ! ! K F�KJN N?FML !�$!�$����?��� FJL�L KML�L ! K $ K � N $ G � K F�I?N N?N ! ! I F?F ! N $ L !�!! L ���?��� $�! H I?I $ I $ N K � N $ H?G K KML $ K�F�N H�H K�NML $�� L I $! G ���?��� K�NML K�F $ G�N K � N $ H?G K K � N $ H $ L K � L $ H $ L

¹*¹d¯�ÒlÐi·MÌ�^Eì*Ðc¹-°²®z¶g®t»»¨[»MÐ=®�¯/EbL}L�GQ¬&äEìVÐc¹-°N®|¶g®|»¡¨[»MÐ=®�¯/E LDL�G[¹VÐcä�¯>Ðc³û¹-»M¹M¶g®|ä�¯EÏz°²±A&»M°²¹MÑçÑ÷Ðc³æ±MÏzÏ^±�®|Ðc®�¯m^»¹{­tÐÙ¹d¯k±y¬�ÐÙ¯>¹d¯�Ò�Чä"­t±�µ�äÊ°�Ðcä>´zÒ0¯�ä�ªh±M°ç¯"­|ÐÙÒ�Ðc¹-°N®|¶g®|»û°²¹8¯>Чä�Ðo¯¹8¯4K�°ÓKðK�ë,°p_cÓ¦µ3¹-Ï2Cü¶�ä[³|Î&Ðc³â¹8¯/¬jKVK�°v¹l­|Ð/³z¶rqkÐc°²Ðc®�¯Zä�¯>°²¹8¯>Ðc»�¶�Ðcä[ªS±M°Eµ:­|±F±Mä�¶�®|»i¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®|ä¶�ä:ä;­t±�µX® ¹-äs_³|Ðo¯�C¤µj±M°²°�Ðcä�Ï^±�®t³zä:¯>±rµ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»â¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®|ä/³|Ðo¯>Ðc°²Ñç¶g®|¶�ä�¯²¶lµj¹MÒgÒ>¶q®U_ÐoÎ&Ï Cê¶�äµ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»r¹-µ,¯�¶�±�®|äEä�¯�±Fµ:­|¹-ä�¯�¶�µ,¹�Ò�Ò�¶d®t_Ï^µ,¯�Câµ,±�°�°²Ðoä>Ï^±�®|³|äd¯>±§µ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»r¹M®ê¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®·ªh°�±�ѹMÒgÒ�¯:­tÐK¹Mµ¯�¶�±�®|ä[µX¶l¯"­í$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐ÷»M°²Ðo¹8¯�Ðo°Z¯:­t¹M®¤òr± a ±qªI¯"­|Эz¶�»«­|Ðoä�¯0$'&�¬8¹MÒg´|Ðq®_N¯>±MÏ ÌÔC¶�ä_µ�­t±F±�ä>¶g®t»�¹M® ¹-µ¯�¶�±�®¡ªh°�±�Ñ�¯"­|ÐWä�Ðo¯�±«ª�¹-µ¯²¶l±�®täûµX¶l¯"­Ç¯�±MÏų̈$'&�¬8¹MÒg´tÐcäP°Ò��¦ã é�Ut »  ¥,���mf58236N\])><2Q2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�U'V2��!2_.-),782R+M�!�#78L[�!5823�!2��!+- #�!��)GV�!582Q �2�6N��7-�#7-LX��6N��232�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�O.8),7822�6N�� #�#2���@ 6��2�.4),7Z�!5-2 6N\�)�<2P67-6 #"c�!�0��$=�!582 G�), # �)>'(�#78LQB�67Z\]2 �!+-9_9�6N���IH�2�.Fý� � 2�782���6 # �"$kJM�#B!1=�#78Ld�!58246B��!��),7ÇB�)���!2���J]),7-.-�#7-LW��)/�!582Z9_6²Y8�#9R+-9é£(�à<²6 0+82T'V)�!1=�3\]2�����2��G�)�U�!582;B�),7-782�B��!�#),7-�#���U�#9QJM �2�9_2�7j�!6N�!��),7&@V%����#�(78)�(B� �2�6N�U6N\]),+8���!582;�!2�����)GH�!5-2P������6N��2�L,�#2���$�!5-),+8L,5Z�!582;�!��)cBC5-6���!�#B BC58),�#B�2 )GH6B��!��),7E.8)c2���\]2�����2��f�!5-67Z�!582;)�!582�����@

� m�582(6N\])><2O���!6N��2�9Q2�7o�n.8)o2��*78)�*58), #.QL)c)c.XG�)�V�!582I£(�à�!6N\M �2U�#9QJM #2�9Q2�7j�!6N�!�#),7F@zm�582��!2��#�V78)B� #2�6N��'��#7M782����#7T�!5-�#��B�6��2@

ÁÁ

Page 73: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

� %Ü74�!5-2;B�6��2��()G�B���),�!�Ü�à��2����!�#7-L8$M�!582;7-2�+8��6 &782��h'V)��14B� �2�6N�� �"T.8)c2��f\]2�����2��R�g6NL,6�#7M�����!582;J-�!)N�L�C69_9Q2�.4)JMJ�),7-2�7j�C�V�!5-674�!582R£(�à�!6N\M #2 �#9QJM �2�9_2�7j�!6N�!��),7&@

Á,È

Page 74: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

x óEô3»}ô ©¦�*© ô ¦(¨3« �f¨� ×ö ù © ù3ú ªgy ¦ ú��¡U73)\o<=��),+-�H #�09_���!6N�!��),7P)G��!5-2*�!5-2��!�#�H�#�z�!582f��J]2�B��¢��BV7-6N�!+-�!2n)G��!582nJ-��)\M �2�9Z@zÂ�2�<2��!�!5-2� �2��!��$c9_67j"�#�!��+82���B�),7-B�2���7-�078L_9P+M ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�( �2�6N��7M�#78L3'V2���2;.-�#�!B�+M�!��2�.T2�<2�7W�07Z�!+-B�5E6_�!�#9_JM �2O.8),9_6�#7F@nbc),9Q2��2�B�5M7-�#�c+82���G�), # �)>'*2�.4�#7T�!5M�#�n�!582��!�#��B�67Z\]2I2�Yc��2�7-.-2�.4��)�9Q)��2 B�),9QJM �2�YZ.8),9_6�#7M��@

Õ 782312�"/�#�!��+82P)Gn9R+- ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�  �2�6N��7-�078L[�0�O�!5-6N�I)�!582��;6NL2�7o�!�;6N�!2_ #2�6N��7-�#78L8@Rmf582QJ-��)\M �2�9 B�67\]2;\-��),6.82�782�.E\o"W�07j���!)=.-+-B��078L�9Q)�!2R�!5-67E�S'*)ZJM #6>"2����(67M.d���#9P+M #6N�!�#78L�6 W�.8)LX�ML,5o��Y=@ b8+-B�5:6.8),9_6�07T'V),+- 0.Z6.-.8�!2��!���#�!�!+82���B�),7MB�2���7-�#78LQ��2�69�������6N��2�L,��2���@

Õ 782U #�#9_�#�!6N�!��),7Q)G&9R+- ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�V.8),9�6�#7-�k�0�^�!5-6N�*�!582(69_),+-7j�*)GF2�Y=JM �)��6N�!��),7�)G&�!582U6NL2�7j�*L�!)>'(�2�Y=J�),7-2�7j�!�#6 0 �"�'��#�!5Z6NL2�7j�!��@nmf5-�0�n'V),+- 0.TJM #6�"T6Q�!), #2 '�582�7T�!582���2;6N�!2;9Q)��2 �!5-67Z�h'V)[6NL2�7j�!�U�#7�!582;�!"c����2�94@

mf582���2f6N�!2���),9Q2�J-��6B��!�#B�6 8JM�!)\M �2�9_�f�g6�k�!2�L,6N��.-�^�!5-�#��JM6N�!�!�0B�+- #6N�HL,69Q2��H�!5-6N�kB�67_\]2f �)c)12�._�#7o��)�!+-BC5T6�V�!5-2U�#���!+82�)G|.82�6.- �)=B!1�@H%h�*'*),+- #.X\�2U�#7o��2��!2����!�#78LR��)Q��2�2O��GF�!582U�!2��!+- ��!�*B�5M678L2I78)�!�#B�2�6N\M �"��G*�!582X9_2��!58)c.÷)G�\-�!2�6N1=�#78LZ�!582[.82�6.- �)=B!1/�#�PB�5-67-L2�.F@Wen+8�!�!2�7o�! �"$z67j"/L,69Q2XL),�#78LE\�2�"),7M.÷6B�2��!�!6�#7W7o+-9P\]2���)GH9Q)><2��U�#��B�),7-�!�0.82��!2�.Z.8��6>'�7F@

e*�!),������2����!�#78L_B�674\�2 6N����2�9_J-��2�.W�#7T<N6N����),+M��.-�¢�]2��!2�7j��'n6�"=��@*�8)��2�Y869QJM �2$-B�),7M�!�#.82��f6_ #2�6N��7-�#78L6NL2�7o��\�2��078LP���C6�#782�.T6NL,6�#7-����678)�!5-2��f �2�6N��7-�#7-LP6NL2�7o��@V?O+8���#7-LP��2����!�078L8$='V2 B�),+- 0.X��2��!�*�!5-2 �!69Q2 �2�6N��7-2����36N�_.-�¢�]2��!2�7j�Q �2�<2� 0�3)G(�!582��#�3 #2�6N��7-�#78L8@Ê� @ 2Z67Ç6NL2�7j�_���C6�#782�.�G�)�4¾�ÝÝÝ/L,69Q2��_B�67Ç\]2��2�����2�.E6NL,6�#7-�����#�!��)J-J]),782�7o������6�#782�.TG�)� ½ ÝÝÝ_L,69_2���@

e*)N�à2�<), #+-�!��),7WB�67W\�2 6N����2�9_J-��2�.W\c"T����6�#7-�078LQ6NL2�7j�!�()GH.-�¢�]2��!2�7j���h"oJ]2��(6NL,6�#7-���f2�6BC5W)�!5-2���@V%Ü7�!5-�#�R�!582����#��$H),782Z �2�6N��7M�#78LE6NL2�7o�_ �2�6N��7M�P6NL,6�#7M���Q678)�!582��Q)G��!5-2T��69Q2T�S"cJ�2@Ê¡åB�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#���9Q)=.82� kB�),+M #.K\]2X9�6.82���): �2�6N��7ç6NL,6�#7-���P�!5824£(�à�!6N\M �2[�#9QJM �2�9_2�7j�!6N�!��),7&@4mf5-�#� 9���L,5j�P�!2��!+- #�;�#7678)�!582��UL�!),+8JE)G^6NL2�7j�!��$]67M.WL,��<2R6�9Q)��2P.-����2�B��(9Q2�6�!+-�!2 )G^B�),9QJM6N�C�#78L��!5-2;J]2��!G�)��9_67-B�2 )G�!582; #2�6N��7-�#78L36NL2�7o�!��@

ÁÉ

Page 75: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

z ¥Ù¦(¨ � � ù « ô ¦(¨3«%Ü7Ê�!5M�#�R�!582��!�#��$H%R�#9QJM #2�9Q2�7j�P�!582E£(�S �2�6N�C7-�#78Ld6 �L)�����!5-9 �#7Ê�S'*)÷.-����2��!2�7o�R'*6>"c��$*67-.ç2�<²6 0+-6N��2�!582�9�'����!5E�!2���J]2�B�����)T6[ �2�6N��7-�#7-L_�!6��14�!5-6N�O�#7o<), �<2��(�S'*)TB�),9_J�2��!�078L8$�L,69_2PJM 06�"=�#78L�6NL2�7o�!�I�#76R'V)�C #.�'(���!5X6P��7M����2(7c+-9P\�2��*)G|�!�!6N��2���@kþHY=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!�V),7X�!5M�#�k�!6�!1X�#7-.M�#B�6N��2(�!5M6N�nB� 06�#9_�*9_6.822�6N�� #�#2���$-6N�!2 �#7-.-2�2�.T<²6 #�0.F$8�#7T�!582;B�),7o��2�Yc�()G��!582IL,69Q2@

%Ü7P�!5-2VJ-��2� #�#9_�#7M6N�!"(��2��!�!��$,%&G�),+-7-.P�!5-6N���!582�6NL2�7j�!�k �2�6N��7P��)U\]2�6N�H��J]2�B��¢��Bk)J-J]),782�7o�!�|'(���!5P���#9QJM �2������6N��2�L,�#2���@kmf582��!2��!+- ��!�V�!58)�'V2�.X�!5-6N�*2�6B�5T6NL2�7j�� �2�6N�C7-�k6N�n6;.-����2��!2�7o�k�C6N��2^Ö!+-���!��G�"=�#78LI�!582UB� #6�#99_6.82P6N���!582 \]2�L,�#7M7-�#78L8ý `cb R�# ��P�C�dT��o�Z� �N���ûTl�;� �,���²�� ��¤efVae!�� b �>�o ������{h Z Tg�S  V ��l�ji*� b � Z � b � b BT��� R]R �Ü�L�j� b ���N���X� R C !�Z�&J �# ��P�C�dT��o�n�P�� �h Z Tg�S R��T oU f�! ��M�¡n�� �2�6N�C7-�#78Ld��6N��2��_B� �),�!2Z��)KÝ=$*6/�!9�6 # n�#7-B��!2�6��2Z�#7��!5-2T #2�6N��7-�#78Ld��6N��2W�07-B��!2�6��2��3�!5824�!J�2�2�.�)G �2�6N��7M�#78L8$]\M+8�O\]2�B�),9Q2�� 5-�#L,5- �"W+-7-2�<2�7:'�582�7:�!5823��6N��2_J�6N��69Q2���2��;�#�O��2��PB� �),��2Q��)K¾N@Qmf5-�#�U'n6��!58)�'�7E\o"4��2����!�078L��!582RJM6N��69_2���2��(��)TÝ=@ÄËc@U�-�!),9 �!582���2P�!2��!�()GH2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!��$��!582R #2�6N��7-�#78LQ�C6N��2��'*2��!2T�-Y=2�.�Gl)�_2�6BC5i)G(�!582Z)J-J]),782�7o�!�QGl)�Q�!5-2ZG�+8�!+-�!2Z��2��Q)G(2�Y=J]2����#9Q2�7o�!��@��8)�_�!582E£U�à�!6N\M �2�#9QJ� �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7T6Q��6N��2I)G�Ý=@ Ý ½Û )��Ý=@ Ý Û '*6�fBC58),��2�7F$M'�582��!2�6�nG�)�f�!582 782�+-��6 F782��S'*)�!1[��6N��2��f)GÝ=@ ÝÝ Û )�UÝ=@ Ý8¾ '*2��!2 J-��2�Gl2��!��2�.F@

mf582_�!2�B�),7-.KB� #6�#94ý e��� b ���c ��M��� b ��r [� b [�4� R �mefT��jTg�\V:�à�[�c ��� B�&��jT�s> fiSe Z ��� b T���N�-�] !���\T �N�dTl����T��{wR �# ��� ���� ��\Tg��ç� Z � R B��J������P�_� b nuxw�� �ye��# 3i«J����P�.T�� R �� ��4�²�� �� $�9_6.-2R�#7W�!582;�!5-2��!�#�fJ]2��!�!6�07-�f��)[�!5826N\M�# 0���S"Z)G^�!5-236NL2�7o�!�I��)TL2�782���6 0�IH�2R67M.EJ� #6�"4)JMJ�),7-2�7j�!�U�!5-6N�O�!582�"E'V2��!2378)�O����6�#7-2�.E6NL,6�#7M����@mf582n �2�6N��7M�#78L�6NL2�7o�!��'V2���2*���C6�#782�.R6NL,6�#7-���zJ-�!)L��69�9Q2�.R)J-J]),782�7j�!�z67-.R��2�����2�.36NL,6�#7-�!�z�C67-.8),9)J-J]),782�7o�!��@ )�!5/6NL2�7o�!�O'V2���2PG�),+-7-.E��)X\]2R6N\M �2R��)X\]2�6N�U�!582P�C67-.8),9�)J-J]),782�7j��$�\M+8�U.-�¢�]2��!2�.�!��L,7M�¢��B�67o�! �"��#7T�!582��#�f�!2���J]2�B��!��<2IJ]2���B�2�7o�!6NL2 )G�'��#7-��@z%���'n6��B� �2�6N�� #"X��2�2�7Z�!5M6N�f�!582;782�+-��6 ]782��Ü�'*)�!1XL2�7-2���6 #�IH�2���\�2�����2��>$-�#7Z�!582 6N\])><2RB�6��2@mf58249�6�#7ÇB�),7j���C��\M+8�!��),7�)GU�!5-�#�_�!582��!�#�Q�#�3��)Ê�#7j<2��!�!��L,6N��2 �C��w� Br²�N� Z �\Tg�� $n)�_�!5824J-��)cB�2��!�3'(582��!2\])�!5�6NL2�7j�!�X6N�!2Z �2�6N��7-�#7-L8@Kmf582X��7-6 nB� #6�#9 'n6�Q9_6.82Z�#7ç�!5-�#�R�!2�L,6N��.&ý `cb Z�� Z �8�N���� ��gk�����

ÁË

Page 76: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

T�� R �� ��_ ��M� ��\T �N�¿�! �� R �N���²�Qe� �� �S f�;�à�T���Pw� Br²�N� Z �\Tg�N�K� b �N�K� b tJ Z ����uxwÜ� �me��# @¡û��2��f)GH������6N��2�L,��2���'V2���2;.82�<2� �)J]2�.Z��)�6 0 �)>'âG�)��6Q<N6N����2��h"T)GzB�),9QJ]2��!���!�#<2;6NL2�7j�!��@Vmf582 �!����6N��2��L,��2��H'*2��!2�6�09Q2�.Q6N�k�#7o���!)=.-+-B��#78LO��),9Q2���67-.8),9_7-2��!�H�#7o��)I�!582� �2�6N��7-2�.Q6NL2�7j�!��@Vmf582�B�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#���9Q)=.82� |'����!5:6T.82���2���9_�#7M�#���!�#B 6B��!�#),7=�àJM�#B�1c�#7-L[�����C6N��2�L"E),+8��J� #6�"=�O�!5823)�!582�� ������6N��2�L,�#2���@;�-+8���!582���$�!582U9Q)c.-2� -.8)c2��^\]2�����2��*6NL,6�07-���^�!582(J-�!)L��69�9Q2�._)J-J]),782�7o�^�!5-67��!582O£U�à�!6N\M �2��#9_JM �2�9Q2�7o�!6N�!��),7F@

%Ü7÷�!5-�0�;'*)�!1�$H%;5-6�<2Z6.-.-�!2��!��2�.ç9P+M ��!�¢�S6NL2�7o�R �2�6N�C7-�#78Ld�#7÷6:B�),9QJ]2��!�#78LE2�7j<=���!),7M9Q2�7j��@d%;5-6><2�!58)�'�7/�!5-6N�;�!582_B� #6�#9_�I9�6.82_2�6N�� #�#2�� B�67/\]2UÖ�+-�!�!�¢�M2�.d\o"/���!+M.8"c�078LX�!5-2_2�YcJ]2����09Q2�7j�!�I67M./�!582�!2��!+M ��!��@

ȲÝ

Page 77: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

{ ª^õ�ª ú ªk¨ � ª^«M ¡U7-.82�����),7&$#¾�ËÉ,È;OR¡U7-.82�����),7&$FeU@H�ܾ�ËÉ,È� bc���C6N��2�L"E �2�6N��7M�#78L�'(���!5E9R+- ��!�0 #6�"2��OB�),7-782�B��!��),7M�#���U�!2�J8�

��2���2�7j�!6N�!�#),7-��$ð= ������ � !�PTl�o��3�&J � b c|&� Z ��� b Á ���S f���«��\T �N�«�N� p ���C�>� b � R �N� ­ �,� b T��� E}t ��P�C�dT��o� $%��!<=�#782$Men¡P@

M 6N�!��)�2���@ 6 à@�$#¾�ËÉÃ"O 6N�!��)8$|¡;@�$zb8+8����),7F$FA @�$�~ ¡U7-.82��C��),7F$teU@^�ܾ�ËÉÃ,�OÂ(2�+8�!),7- #�#12R6.-6NJM�!��<2Q2� �2��9_2�7j�!�z�!5-6N��B�673��), �<2n.-��}XB�+- #�t �2�6N��7-�078L�B�),7o���!), cJ-�!)\M �2�9��2Áb9<9©9 ` �&�N�-�f�,�>�\Tg�N�-�(�N���qV²���S ��R�4i­ �N�zit�N����Â�V]eC f���� ��\T ���

M ����12���$#¾�Ë,Èc¾3OQ����12���$FA @ þ�@�$]ÂU�# #����),7F$�ÂP@��8@H�ܾ�Ë,Èc¾>�Ib=mfA�%�Ånb�ý�6[782�'ê6NJ-J-�!),6BC5d��)[�!5-2R6NJ-J� #�#B�6N�!��),7)Gz�!582�)�!2�9 J-�!)�<c�#7-LQ��)_J-�!)\M #2�9ÿ��), �<=�#78L8$ �A���\T åV�LT\�� Á �M�S ����UT¢�c �����

M a(), # #67-.F$#¾�ËÉÁ"O3a�), 0 #67-.F$#�8@-�ܾ�ËÉÁ,�^þk�!B�6NJM�078L ���#���! �2�782��!��ýzmf582nJ]),�!�!��\��# #���!��2��&)GML2�782���6 ��àJM+8�!J]),��22�6N�C7-�#78LZ6 �L)���#�!5-9_�I6NJ-JM 0��2�.d��)4JM6N��6 # #2� |�C+- �2��à\M6��2�./�!"c����2�9���$2­ �j� b T��� }t 4���C�qTl�o���_�U�:� Á� R]R ���L�,� b�� rN�N�äâ�� $�DE)�!L,67\�;6+=�]9�67F$�b=67ZDd6N��2�)8$Fen¡P@

M �t67-L_2���@ 6 @�$#¾�ËËNÝ:O_�t678L8$��Q@��8@�$t�K6��\]2� $k¡P@ a;@�$f~�aU�#7o��),7F$ � @ þ�@(�ܾ�ËËNÝj�Q¡��!�#9Q2��S.82� 06�"Ê7-2�+8��6 7-2��S'*)�!1Z6N��B�5-�#��2�B��!+8�!2 G�)���#��), 06N��2�.Z'V)�C.Z�!2�B�)L,7-���!�#),7F$�� Z �&�N� � ��gk�������4i�r²�N�äâ�|

M �&2�e�+-7T2���@�6 @�$#¾�ËÉË"O3�&2�en+M7F$�ÖR@ ),��2��>$ @�$o?U2�7812���$��-@Þb�@�$,a(2�7-.82�����),7&$j?R@�$ja�)�'*6N�C.F$oA;@ þf@�$jaU+8\8�\�6N��.F$A� @�~��j6B!12� $ �k@ ?R@;�ܾ�ËÉË,� 6B!1cJ-�!)J�6NL,6N�!��),7¤6NJ-J� #��2�.§��) 5-67-.-'f��������2�7¡H���JâB�)=.82��2�B�)L,7-���!��),7F$�� Z �8�N�©ÂH�N� R«Z � ��\T �N� @

M �t�07F$#¾�ËË ½ OR�|�#7F$��k@c�ܾ�ËË ½ ��bc2� �Gl�à%Ü9QJ-�!)�<c�#7-LfAf2�6B��!��<2n¡�L2�7o�!� 6��2�.P),7PA�2��#78G�)��B�2�9Q2�7o�|�&2�6N�C7-�#78L8$ÅV #67-7-�078LR67M.4mt2�6BC5-�#78L�­ �,� b Tl�] �}| ������dT��o� $��  #+o'V2��f¡UB�6.82�9_�0B Åk+8\� @�$ ),�!��),7F@

M Dd6B� #�#7F$#¾�ËËÃ"O3DE6B� #�07F$|A;@�~ b=5-6><c 0��1�$��8@V�ܾ�ËËÃ,� ½(���#78LZ1=78)>'� #2�.8L2��à\M6��2�.Ê782�+8��6 ^7-2��S'*)�!1c�;��)�09QJ-�!)�<2f6 �L)�����!5-9���ý|A�2���7-�#78LO�!582Oen58),+=�S�-6��9_67_6 �L)���#�!5-9ïG�)�^J-�!)��2��#73G�), #.-�078L8@�­ �,� b Tl�] }| ������dT��o� @

M DdB>en6N�!�!5o"$#¾�ËÁÉ"OQDdB>en6N�!�!5o"$o�-@-�ܾ�ËÁÉ,�HÅ^��)L��69_�H'��#�!5RB�),9�9Q),7Q��2�7-��2$ �] ��Q�N�M�\T � Á �LJ�������,�\Tg�N�= �Ü�>�C ��C�.T��o� $Fen69P\-���#.8L2$8Dd6�!��$MDE%Üm¤Å^��2��!��@M ÂU�# #�!��),7&$#¾�ËÉNÝ:OPÂ(�0 #�!��),7F$�Â;@��-@o�ܾ�ËÉNÝj� = �.T����LT R �# ��n�&J��A���\T åV�BT��N� Á ���S ����jT��o ����C $�Å�6 �)�¡U ���)8$,en¡;$�mf��)L,6

ÅV+8\M #�0�!582�����@M Åz2�.-7-6+- #��$#¾�ËËNÝ:ORÅz2�.-7-6+- #��$|þf@*�ܾ�ËËNÝj� �8)�C9P+- 06N�!�#78LWDd+- ��!�#6NL2�7o��$|.-"c7-69��#B��à'V)�C #.:J-�!)\M #2�9_�I�#7

�!5-2nB� 06�!�!�#B�6 oJM #67-7M�#78LfG���69Q2�'*)�!1�$,Af2�6.-�#7-L,�|%Ü73Åk #67M7-�#78Lf2�.M��@²¡U # �2�7&$��-@�$,a�2�7M.- �2��0�8@�$,mz6N��2$¡P@�$MDE)��6NL,7\�;6+=�]9�674Åk+8\� #�#�!582��C��$=b=67WDE6N��2�)8$Fen¡;@

M Åz),9Q2��� �2�6+&$#¾�ËËÃ"O3Åz),9Q2��� #2�6+F$j?R@ ¡;@-�ܾ�ËËÃ,�(� 78)>'( �2�.8L2��à\M6��2�.R����6�07-�#78L()G�6N�!�!�¢��B��#6 o7-2�+8��6 c782��Ü�'*)�!1=��G�)��6+8��),78),9Q),+M�f�!)\])�f.8���#<c�#7-L8$�� �ye!��3}| ������dT��o� $��  #+o'V2��

Èc¾

Page 78: U¨U© ªV¨U© «rmaclin/student-publications/pramji-ms.pdf$&%('*),+- #./ 0 1 23 )4 !5-6 781:9;"/6.8$&?( >@ a #bc5/de6 b 0 #7f$&g ) ;6 # h5- 0 i582 jk6 7-./l,+m #.-6

M Å^�C��)��$#¾�ËÁ,È;ORÅk����)��$8¡P@ Â;@z�ܾ�ËÁ,È�W= �²���ki = �� ��� ��M�������| Z � Z �� $ Õ Y=Gl)�C.F$Men #6N�!2�7-.-),7ZÅ^�!2��!��@M Af),�!2�7j\M 06N����$#¾�ËÁ ½ OQA�),��2�7o\M #6N����$M�*@|�ܾ�ËÁ ½ �W= �3Tl���LT R �� ��P�&J � Z �Ü�>��VN�«�N��Tg��� $&bcJM6N�!�!67&$-Â�Ö3@M A�+M9Q2� #5-6N�!�n2���@�6 @&¾�ËÉÁ"ORA(+-9Q2� #5-6N����$=?R@�$-aU�#7o��),7F$ � @�$,~ �§�# 0 #�#69_��$cA @&�ܾ�ËÉÁ,�n�t2�6N��7-�#78L3�#7o��2����

7M6 t�!2�JM�!2���2�7o�!6N�!��),7-�(\o"42����!)�(JM�!)JM6NL,6N�!��),7F@�%Ü7EA(+-9Q2� #5-6N����$�?R@X~`DdB>en �2� # 067-.F$��-@M2�.-�#��)����$= ���8�N�l�# ��6�¼Tg�,�\�.T e Z �S !� = �����C ����.T��o��� 9<;3R �����8��\T �N�8�STl�4� b O�{T �B���²���\� Z ��� Z �! ;�8JU������dTg�\Tg�� � rN�N�����DE%ÜmâÅ^�!2�����$�en69P\-���#.8L2$-Dd¡P@M¡(B�6.-2�9_�#B ÅV+8\M #�#��582�����@

M b=6 #+M����)>'��0BfH$#¾�ËËÉ"O_b=6 0+-����)>'(�#BfH$8A @�$~�§�#2����#78L8$8DÊ@ ¡;@�$�b=BC5-9_�#.M5o+8\]2���$m�8@&�ܾ�ËËÉ,�n�t2�6N��7-�#78L3m|2�69b=����6N��2�L,��2���ý bc)=B�B�2��Çe�6��2rb=�!+-.-��2��£­ �,� b Tl�� Y}| ������dT��o� $t�  #+o'*2��Ê¡UB�6.82�9_�#BüÅk+8\M 0�#�!582�����$ ),����),7&@

M b=69R+82� $#¾�Ë Û Ë"O_b=69P+-2� $R¡P@Q�ܾ�Ë Û Ë,�Kbc),9Q2Ç���!+-.M��2��W�#7û9_6BC5-�#782� �2�6N��7-�078Lü+-���#78L �!5-2ÊL,69Q2Ç)GBC582�B!12��C�ºÁ��p­�� � Z �C�¦�N�k�N� � ��� ������ bY� �3 fr ���� R �� ���� $&Af2�J-���07j��2�.:�#7:þf@F�82��#L2�7j\M6+M9�67-.�-@ �82� #.-9�67F$82�.-��@�$t¾�ËÁÃc$ ÂH�N� R«Z �S f�C�{�N��� `cb � Z � b � $�DEB � �C6�' aU�# # à$=ÂTÖ3@

M b=+8����),7&$#¾�ËÉ Ø O_b=+-����),7F$A @8�ܾ�ËÉ Ø � ` �� R ���&��¦���! !��Tg���N���.T���M�_ ��M��T��û�! fT��LJ������C ��� ��M�&�# ������dT��o� $oÅk5-?m�582��!�#��$8?U2�J-��@-)Gke*),9_JM+8��2���~ê%Ü78G�)��9_6N�!��),7-��b8B���2�7-B�2$V½U7-��<2��������S"X)G�Dd6�!�!6BC5o+M��2����!��@

M b=+8����),7&$#¾�ËÉÉ"O_b=+-����),7F$oA;@��ܾ�ËÉÉ,�V�&2�6N��7M�#78LI��)RJ-�!2�.-�#B��H\c"Q�!582U9Q2��!58)=._)G]��2�9QJ])��6 M.M�¢��2���2�7-B�2���$­ �,� b Tl�� E}| ������dT��o� $]Ãc$,�  #+o'V2��(¡(B�6.82�9��#BIÅk+8\� #�#�!582��C��$ ),����),7&$MDE¡P@M mz6N��2$#¾�ËÉ Ø OQmz6N��2$j¡P@=�ܾ�ËÉ Ø �HÅk #67-7M�#78Lf�#7RþHY=J]2��!��bc"=����2�9_� �U�UrN BV Á��c� � 9<;3R B���X�qV²���S ��P� `cb ��� w7|�Tk����� p ������� b � R�$ Õ YcG�)��.F$-Dd6N��B�5&@M �K6N��1=�#7-��$#¾�ËÉË"O��K6N��1c�07-��$-eU@��8@ÞeU@ aP@��ܾ�ËÉË,� }t 4�����dTl�c�7J3�Ü�N�å�j ����PV, ����! �������²� $-ÅV5-?rmf582����#��$�½U7-�¢�

<2��C�!���S"T)G^en69P\-���#.8L2$-þV78L, #67-.&@

È ½