Utilizing the World Wide Web

for ResearchLinda Mills

Library Media SpecialistGreensburg Elementary

lmills@venus.nethttp://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/

Library/index.htm

Why Research?

Productive member of society Life long learners Develop a deep understanding of a

subject Create and share knowledge Speak to an audience Present a well reasoned point of

view Indiana Language Arts Standards

Language Art Standards (2006)

5.5.3 (moved and changed-Under Research Applications) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that:

--Uses information from a variety of sources (book, technology, multimedia) and documents sources (title and author).

--Demonstrates that information that has been gathered has been summarized.

--Organizes information by categorizing and sequencing.

Examples: Holocaust, Solar System, Lewis and Clark, American Revolution

Second Grade Language Arts

2.5.8 (added) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that:

--Uses a variety of resources (books, technology, pictures, charts, table of contents, diagrams) and documents sources (titles and authors)

--Organizes information by categorizing it into single categories (such as size or color) or includes information gained through observation.

Examples: Penguins, Snakes, Spiders, Landforms, Biographies, Landmarks

Language Arts Standards

LA 3.5.8 (added) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that:

--Uses a variety of sources (books, technology, pictures, charts, table of contents, diagrams) and documents sources (titles and authors)

--Organizes information into more than one category (such as living and nonliving, hot and cold) or includes information gained through observation.

Examples: Habitats

Fourth Grade Language Arts

4.5.3 (moved and changed--Under Research Applications) Write or deliver a research report that has been developed using a systematic research process (define the topic, gathers information, determines credibility, reports findings) and that:

--Uses a variety of resources (books, technology, multimedia) and documents sources (titles and authors)

--Demonstrates that information that has been gathered has been summarized.

--Organizes information by categorizing it into multiple categories (such as size or color) or includes information gained through observation.

Example: Scientists

Digital Information Fluency

Ability to find, evaluate and use digital information efficiently, effectively, and ethically

DIF is knowing how digital information is different than print information

Having the skills to use specialized tools Developing the dispositions needed in

digital environment

Examples of student research

Penguins Continents Animals/Biomes Scientists Space Lewis and Clark Holocaust ABC books

Research Models

The Big6 Pathways to Knowledge Research Cycle Kids Connect Toolbox Information Search Process Savvy Seven 8W’s of Information Inquiry Stripling Pitts Research Process

Big6 (http://big6.com)

• Information fluency tips• Copyright information• Locating resources• Evaluating resources• Search challenges modules• http://21cif.imsa.edu

• Use of Information• Engage (e.g., read, hear, view, touch) • Extract relevant information • Synthesis• Organize from multiple sources • Present the information • Evaluation• Judge the product (effectiveness) • Judge the process (efficiency)

Pathways to Knowledge http://www.sparkfactor.com/clients/follett/home.html

Appreciation and EnjoymentExamine the world.

PresearchDevelop an overview; explore relationships

SearchIdentify information providers; select information resources; seek relevant information

InterpretationInterpret information

CommunicationApply information; share new knowledge

EvaluationEvaluate process and product

Research Cycle by Jamie Mckenzie http://questioning.org

Questioning Planning Gathering Sporting and sifting Synthesizing Evaluating Reporting

Information Search Processhttp://www.asis.org/Bulletin/Feb-99/kuhlthau.html

Initiation Selection Exploration Formulation Collection Presentation

Savvy Seven http://www.davidvl.org/savvy7.html

What is the Question? What Resources Should I Use? How Do I Find the Information? How Do I Gather the Information? Which Information Do I Use? How Do I Share What I Learned?. How Do I Evaluate My Work?

Pitts/Striplinghttp://witloof.sjsu.edu/courses/250.loertscher/modelstrip.html

Step 1:Choose a broad topic.Step 2:Get an overview of the topic.Step 3:Narrow the topic.Step 4:Develop a thesis or statement of purpose.Step 5:Formulate questions to guide research.Step 6:Plan for research and production.Step 7:Find / Analyze / Evaluate sources.Step 8:Evaluate evidence / Take notes / Compile

bibliography.Step 9:Establish conclusions / Organize information into an

outline.Step 10:Create and present final product.

8 W’s by Annette Lamb http://eduscapes.com/tap/topic71.htm

What is the Question? What Resources Should I Use? How Do I Find the Information? How Do I Gather the Information? Which Information Do I Use? How Do I Share What I Learned?. How Do I Evaluate My Work?

Using Books

Books used first as a basic of knowledge

Maybe a picture book Maybe a non fiction book Maybe a group of books Background knowledge needed for

elementary students

Where to find books?

Library Media Specialist Lists of great books Magazines Bookstore browsing Talking to others Conferences

Don’t make young students search (especially in the beginning)

Doesn’t come naturally even if they are Digital Natives and not Digital Immigrants http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20-%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20-%20Part1.pdf

Need to be taught how to search Need to be taught how to

evaluate Need to know whatwhat to search for

What? No Google? Instead use……

Pathfinders Webquests Noodletools Online encyclopedias Directories or Kid Search Engines Reference sites Specific subject areas Teacher sites Maps and Cams

What is a Pathfinder?

Around since the ‘70s to help library users navigate resources

Establishes a plan of action Now Web-based and even more

necessary! Sharable 24/7 Scalable—makes teachers’ and librarians’

advice vastly available Models selection, evaluation, strategies,

and balance!

Why Pathfinder for Students?

So they won’t miss the really good stuff! Promote a wide and balanced range of

relevant resources Multiple formats/Displays range of

information choices Can students discern quality? Move students from reliance on free Web

or their favorite search engine

Pathfinders also…….

Inspire thoughtful, comprehensive research

Have annotations Select only the best Have broad spectrum of resources Have been evaluated by someone Are entry point to the oral defense

Pathfinders

Help navigate through a wealth of search choices and resources by developing a path for a student to follow

Examples and template for a pathfinder http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/pathmenu.html

My webpage – Go to Presentations http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/index.htm

Pathfinders to try Internet Public Library Pathfinders http://www.ipl.org/div/pf/

Great sites to try for lots of links.

Morton Grove Public Library Webrary http://www.webrary.org/rs/bibmenu.html Site defines the difference between a bibliography and pathfinder and provides links to both.

Potamus Place Pathfinders http://www.potamusplace.net/pathfinder.shtml From the Cleveland Heights-University Heights Library system. Includes several well-organized pathfinders for school projects.

Travilah Web Walkabout http://ntweb.mcps.k12.md.us/schools/travilahes/walkabout.html Educational Resources which include pathfinders. Excellent site!

Joyce Valenza's Online Lessons and Activities http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/jvles.html – You'll find high quality examples of high school pathfinders, as well as a pathfinder template at this site. Take time to visit all of

Ms. Valenza's site. She provides exceptional resources for the LMS.

Lakewood Public Library http://www.lkwdpl.org/schools/schlpath.htm – Class Assignment Pathfinders (Lakewood, Ohio) for elementary, middle and high school.

Pathfinders to try…….

Infozone Pathfinders http://www.imcpl.org/kids/guides/index.html

– The Indianapolis Marion County Public Library provides an extensive list of well-organized, well-designed pathfinders for kids. Pathfinders are indexed by subject, as well as alphabetically. Cross references to related pathfinders are included. Book cover images add a great visual connection

Walter Johnson High School Research Pathfinders http://www3.mcps.k12.md.us/schools/wjhs/mediactr/resproj2.html

A treasure trove of pathfinders for high school students.

Eduscapes http://42explore.com/ Why start with a search engine, when you can find a pathfinder to fit your needs

at 42eXplore? When learning something new, it's nice to have more than one resource to explore. This web project provides "four to eXplore" for each topic. On each page you'll find definitions, activities, the 4 good starting points, and many more links and resources for the thematic topic.

Pathfinders to try…….

Wenatchee School District PathfindersThe Library Media Web pages at these schools have information pathfinders

to support state and local curriculum standards:

John Newbery Elementary School http://nb.wsd.wednet.edu/lmc/pathfinders/pathfinder.htm

Pathfinder Template http://home.wsd.wednet.edu/pathfinders/template_pathfinder.htm

Basic template used by library media specialists in Wenatchee

Pathfinders, Subject Guides and Thematic Resources http://42explore.com/

An extensive resource about pathfinders and more, developed by Annette Lamb and Larry Johnson. As always, these folks provide a thorough, well-organized resource. It's a pathfinder developer's dream

Webquests

Inquiry oriented activity Information is drawn from web Focus on using information and

synthesizing it, NOT searching for it http://webquest.sdsu.edu/

Noodletools

Helps develop research skills Bibliography maker Helps develop search strategies Articles about research Location www.noodletools.com

Pay vs. Non-Pay Sites

Pay sites Online encyclopedias United Streaming Other data bases

Non cost Sites (Invisible sites)

INSPIRE--free to ALL people in Indiana

Databases of magazines resources http://inspire.net

Online Encyclopedias

Encyclopedia(s) Atlas Dictionary Search features Videos--Animations--Magazines

Wikipedia

Good or bad?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

Try one

GroliersID: greensburg password:home

World Books ID:greensburg password: home

http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/encyclopedia.htm

United Streaming http://www.unitedstreaming.com

Great way to get full length videos Great way to get snippets of videos Lots of images Can use on computer for whole class Students can use individually

Premise

“If people believe that they have searched the entire Internet when they run a search on a search engine, they are sadly mistaken—they are only seeing a subset of what is available.”

Vint Cerf, Financial Times, 12/5/01

Need to teach students to:

Evaluate sites How to be safe on the Internet How to choose keywords How to not plagiarize

Evaluating Websites

Author’s expertise Publisher reliable Links from author’s page Reliable pages link to this page Information from traditional sources Updated or published Information accurate Bias in perspective Evidence in support

Kathy Schrock

Sponsored by Discovery School Rich in grade level appropriate materials Searching terminology Evaluation skills http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/ http://school.discovery.com/

schrockguide/evalelem.html

Quick

Quality Information Checklist United Kingdom 8 step evaluation guide and online

quiz http://www.quick.org.uk

Cyberbee

Rich site with a variety of materials Evaluation guide Research tools Web projects www.cyberbee.com/guides.html

Cypersmart

Useful site for teaching children how to use the Internet effectively and safely.

Learn to evaluate and cite the web sites Developed by McMillian/McGraw Hill Designed for K-8 Includes lesson plans, teacher support

materials and ISTE NETS alignment http://www.cybersmartcurriculum.org/

home/

Great Sites Selection Criteria

American Library Association Selection criteria for Great Sites Four evaluation points:

authorship/sponsorship; purpose; design/stability; and content.

http://www.ala.org/parentspage/greatsites/criteria.html

Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy

Information fluency tips Copyright information Locating resources Evaluating resources Search challenges modules http://21cif.imsa.edu

Various sites to use

Directories/Kid Search Engines Reference sites General sites Specific subject area sites Image sites

Links

My webpage: http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/index.htm

Find these under Presentations and then Utilizing the Worldwide Web for Research

Locating Resources

Don’t waste time searching for things Search familiar print sources online Use unique terms Use +, - and “” operators to narrow search Search best sites in depth Refine your search strategy Use synonyms Focus on format Search the invisible web

What is the Invisible Web?

‘Stuff’ that search engine crawlers cannot or will not add to their databases.

Two to 50 times larger than the visible Web Invisible Web resources often much higher

quality than the visible Web Great article by Chris Sherman entitled “The

Invisible Web: Uncovering Sources Search Engines Can’t See” in Library Trends http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1387/is_2_52/ai_112542832

Websites Explained

Deep Web refers to everything else. Surface Web refers to Internet resources indexed

by general search engines. Invisible Web refers to Internet resources

accessible only by specialized search tools. Opaque Web refers to Internet resources that are

unlinked. Dark Web refers to Internet resources that are off

limits except to the privileged few.

New vocabulary

What is Web 2.0? Blogs, podcast, wikis, webinar,video

broadcasting, music files, photo sharing

Integrating digital content into projects

Respect copyright laws Use the browser’s find feature Use bookmarks/favorites to organize

documents Create an annotated URL list Cite Internet documents correctly Incorporate text from the web in

reports and presentations Incorporate images

Remember…….

Teach research model to be effective Use pathfinders Evaluate information Teach students to be good

consumers Explore sites in depth Use site map Important information may be just a

click away

Becoming Researchers

Prepare yourself for change Teach students directly Teach the teachers Propose a research model for your

school Gain administrative support

Last but not least……

Have fun!!!!