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8/3/2019 Utilization of Hybrid Energy in Automobiles
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TECHNICAL PAPER
BY
G M V S R ANJANEYA KUMARG M V S R ANJANEYA KUMAR
&&
B VENKATA BHARATB VENKATA BHARAT
SASI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
AND ENGINEERING
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UTILIZATION OFUTILIZATION OF
HYBRID ENERGY INHYBRID ENERGY INAUTOMOBILESAUTOMOBILES
EFFICIENT USAGE OF
BRAKE REGENERATION AND
ENGINE SHAFT ENERGY
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INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
Our main aim is to outwit the existing models in automobiles
which use the brake regeneration system.
We would like to introduce a new model which can use brake
regeneration process and can also use engine shaft energy
efficiently.
This model is based on ENERGY CONSERVATION LAW
There are two existing models which resembles our model insome aspects, but they suffer many drawbacks when compared to
our model.
So we would like to give you a brief description about the
existing models.
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EXISTING MODELSEXISTING MODELS
The System
with one AC
machine
The System
with two AC
machines
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THE SYSTEM WITH ONE AC MACHINETHE SYSTEM WITH ONE AC MACHINE
In this system the wheel shaft is connected toMotor/Generator which in turn is connected to the ICengine.
The Motor/Generator is connected to a powercontroller which is in turn connected to the battery.
An inverter is also connected to the battery to convert
the produced alternating current to Direct current.
Power controller guides the AC machine to behave asMOTOR or GENERATOR according to the situation.
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WORKINGWORKING
The motor first starts the engine and thus the engine and the motor
drives the wheel shaft.
When the battery gets discharged, the motor converts into generator
and the IC engine rotates the generator shaft to generate electricity andstores it into battery.
While braking the IC engine gets disengaged and the rotational energy
of the wheel shaft is used to rotate the generator shaft thus producing
electricity. Thus the regenerative braking comes into vision.
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THE SYSTEM WITH TWO AC MACHINESTHE SYSTEM WITH TWO AC MACHINES
The system consists of two AC machines and one ICengine connected with power splitter acting asjunction.
The shafts of the IC engine and motor are coupled,similarly the wheel shaft and generator shaft are
coupled.The two AC machines are connected to battery by
means of a power controller each.
A power splitter is an assembly of a gear driving theengine, a gear driving motor and a gear driving wheel
shaft.By the mechanism involved in this, power is distributed
accordingly.
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WORKINGWORKING
The motor first starts the engine and both engine and motordrives the shaft connecting wheel axle and generator using powersplitter.When the system is running the wheel shaft rotates thegenerator continuously producing electric energy which getstored in battery.While braking the power splitter comes into action anddisengages the wheel shaft with the engine and motor shaft. Now total power of engine is used to drive the motor whichacts as generator by using power controller. The energy of wheelsare used to drive generator, this causes the energy generationwhich charges the battery.
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DEVELOPED MODEL(OUR MODEL)DEVELOPED MODEL(OUR MODEL)
This model can outwit all the existing models inall aspects.
This model will be successful in utilizing both thebrake regeneration energy and the engine shaft
energy efficiently. The total control of the system resides with the
CLUTCH.
Gearing system will be efficiently used in our
model when compared to the existing models. This model works efficiently while Coasting,Braking and also normal working.
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CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
The IC engine and the
Motor/Generator are connectedthrough a shaft. The gearbox is
provided for the shaft.
The wheel shaft is provided with
two gears.
A Generator/Motor provided with
a shaft which has a gear.
A battery is connected to the two
AC machines.
The inverters and the power
controllers are included in the midst
the AC machine and the battery.
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ASSEMBLYASSEMBLY
y POWER CONTROLLER
GENERATOR
WHEEL SHAFT
y IC ENGINE GENE I RATO
IC ENGINE MOTOR/GENERATOR
BATTERY
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WORKINGWORKING The engine gets started by the
motor/generator by means of battery. When the engine attains required speed, then
AC machine stops working as motor andstarts acting as a generator.
Some part of engine energy is used to drivethe generator and the remaining to wheelaxles.
While running, the continuous working of
generator charges the battery continuously. This is one of the efficient way to generate
electricity during running than previousmodels .
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y While using the clutch the gears of thewheel shaft and engine shaft are disengagedand wheel shaft engages with the generator.
y When gears of engine shaft are disengagedthe total energy from the IC engine istransmitted to the Motor/Generator.
y Here the Motor is converted as generatorby power controller.
y The generator thus generates high amountof energy and charges the battery
continuously.y The generator engaged to the wheel shaft
also generates electricity.
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HOW IT ACTUALLY WORKS?HOW IT ACTUALLY WORKS?
y Clutch Generator
y Wheel shaft
y IC Engine Motor/Generator
Battery
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BULLET POINTS ON WORKINGBULLET POINTS ON WORKINGWhile starting, motor starts the IC engine.
While using clutch wheel shaft disengages withengine shaft and engages with generator.
In high traffics due to continuous application of
clutch the engine shaft energy is being usedefficiently.
Generator works using wheel axles rotationalenergy.
When high torque is required both IC engineand motor drives the shaft.
When IC engine fails motor drives the shaft for
some period.
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COMPARISONSCOMPARISONS
EXISTING MODELS DEVELOPED MODEL
Both AC machines engages atall instances.
The IC engine doesnt rotate
the generator directly.The power generation is done
only during coasting orbraking.
The load on the wheel axles is
present all the time.
When clutch is used theengine shaft energy becomesuseless.
The AC machine engagesaccording to the need.
Here IC engine is engaged
directly to the generator.The power generation starts
simultaneously when enginegets started.
The load on the wheels are
applied only at the time ofbraking.
When clutch is used engineshaft energy is used to makegenerator work.
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EXISTING MODELS DEVELOPED MODEL
The regenerated energy is
continuously used by
motors.
The regenerated energy is
not high.
The regenerated energy is
not used continuously.
The regenerated energy is
high.
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ADVANTAGESADVANTAGES
y The engine shaft energy is efficiently used at thetime of operating the clutch.
y Efficient braking system is observed in this modelthan previous models.
y Load on the battery is less.y Dual way of charging battery is provided.
y Chances for the failure of the battery are low.
y Maintenance cost is low.
y All the components which generally run on engineshaft energy can run with the help of battery.
y Thus efficiency of the engine can be increased by
decreasing extra loads on the engine.
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y The internal accessories can be operated on
the battery.
y Even when IC engine fails the motor comes
into action and runs the vehicle.
y When high torque is required both IC engine
and motor drive the wheel axles.y Continuous energy generation is present in
this system.
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DISADVATAGESDISADVATAGES
y The complexity of the system is high.
y The initial cost of the system may be high.
y Weight of the system may be high.
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CONCLUSIONCONCLUSIONy If the practical application of above model is made, it
may overcome all the existing problems in the
regenerative braking system. The size and complexity
of the system may be decreased by reducing the size
of the components. Thus this system may also be usedin two-wheeler vehicles.
y Finally, this system can be regarded as a far
better one when compared to the existing models
and we can expect a practical application of thismodel in the near future.
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Q?
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POWER SPLITTERPOWER SPLITTER
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ACTUAL VIEW OF POWER SPLITTERACTUAL VIEW OF POWER SPLITTER
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KENWORTH HYBRID TRUCKKENWORTH HYBRID TRUCK
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INVERTER USED IN KENWORTHINVERTER USED IN KENWORTH
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PIRUS PRIMER & HONDA CIVIC HYBRIDPIRUS PRIMER & HONDA CIVIC HYBRID
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ENGINE OF PIRUS PRIMERENGINE OF PIRUS PRIMER