utility application of power electronics

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UTILITY APPLICATIONSOFPOWER ELECTRONICS

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Outlines:-

Introduction.

Power Semiconductor Device & Their

Capabilities.

Categorization Of Power Electronics System.

Distributed Generation(DG) Applications.

Role of Power Electronics in Important Utility

Applications.

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Introduction

Power electronics applications in utility

systems are growing very rapidly, which

promise to change the future of power

system(Distributed generation, Power quality

solutions, Transmission & Distribution),electrical drives & control. Also gives an

outstanding performance in power supply

design and power converter operation &

control.

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The fig. shows commonly used symbols of powerdevice & their power handling capabilities

POWER SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES &

THEIR CAPABILITIES

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CATEGORIZATION OF POWER

ELECTRONICS SYSTEMBroadly a power electronics in power system

applications is further categorized as:-

osolid state switches-

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oConverters as an interface-

Power electronics converters provide the needed

interface between the electrical source and the load.

These interfaces can be classified as below.

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Voltage link systems

The semiconductor devices such as transistors ofvarious types and diodes can only be used in thissystem.

These devices with only unipolar voltage-blockingcapability led to have the structure with two converters

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Current link systems

Thyristors can block voltage of both polarities butconduct current only in the forward direction.

This capability has led to the interface realized by

thyristor-converters with a dc-current link in the middle,

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DISTRIBUTED GENERATION(DG)

APPLICATIONS

Distributed generation promises to change the

landscape to how power systems of the future will

be operated and control.

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These generators may have decentralized (local)

control, in addition to a central supervisory control.

There is a move away from large central power plantstowards distributed generation due to environmental

and economic reasons. Many of them are discussed

bellow:-

Wind electric system. Photovoltaic(PV) system.

Fuel cell system.

Micro turbines.

Energy storage system.

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Wind electric system:-

In this system, the stator which produces most of the

power is connecting directly to the grid. The rotor

windings are accessible through slip-rings and brushes toa power electronic convertor system, which supply the

rotor current.

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Photovoltaic system:-

The PV arrays provide a voltage of 52V to 90V DC, which

by the power electronics system converts to 120V/60Hz

sinusoidal voltage suitable for interfacing with the 1-utility PV module are expensive & for higher o/p

connected in parallel.

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Fuel cell systems:-

A fuel cell is an electro-chemical device which produce

electricity and the output is a dc voltage. After which the

need of power electronics circuit as same as fuel cellsystem.

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Micro turbine:-

These used highly efficient aircraft engines with the

natural gas as the I/P fuel, to improve the efficiency

frequency of the generated O/P to vary, requiring apower electronics interface, originally designed for

aircrafts and helicopters.

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Energy Storage System:-

Usually at night when load demand is low, It is

possible to store energy in Lead-acid batteries, in

Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage(SMES)electrochemical capacitors (ultra caps) and in the

inertia of flywheel.

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ROLEOF POWER ELECTRONICSIN

IMPORTANT UTILITY APPLICATIONS

o Power Electronic Loads:- Adjustable SpeedDrives

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o Power Quality Solutions for:-

Dual Feeders.

Uninterruptable Power Supply.

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o Transmission and Distribution (T&D)System:-

High Voltage DC(HVDC) and Medium VoltageDC(MCDV) Transmission

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STATIC VAR COMPENSATION

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Thank You.

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utility application of power electronics